THE PITTSBURG DISPATCH, SUNDAY, .MKOH 20, 1893. IK Tlie Euinous Effect of Ex treme License in Begard to the Day of Best. STBIEES AT THE FAMILY. Eecent Agitation by a League for Its Universal Observance. LAWS THATHAYE BEEN PKOPOSED. Ifftct of the Unreasonable Prejudice Against Catholics. THE PENDULUM SWECGKG BACK AGAIN WJUTUW rOE THE DIErATCH. OUR true Parisian puts on his best clothes Sunday morn ing and sallies forth at an early hour to make a day of it He has laid out his route the nignt before. It is no easy matter for bim to choose. He can go to Versailles or St Cloud, or to fiaSMDee innfffiflii - & any other of the surrounding suburbs or parks and find the fountains playing and the people swarming. He can go to the race courses and spend his day waiting for races which do occur now and then, never! less than an hour between, howevej. Or he can stay in the city and spend all he has saved in the last six days in the cafes and theaters, which turn all their inventive powers to beguiling him. Go to any one of the city gardens where cafes and spectacles are allowed, say to the Champ de Mars, the famous Expositioa grounds of 18S9. The place Is cowded; the Eifiel tower elevators are not idle an In stant; the cafes are doing a flourishing business; before one of them a pantomime invites you to enter; before another an orchestra; here a barytone sines the "Trouvere," there a soprano, conspicuously decollete, mouths a lore song; clowns pour forth their nonsense; jugglers perform their mysteries. Paris does all she can to en courage this Sunday gaiety. There is no day when the balls are so vigorous, the theaters so lively, the races so crowded. Perhaps it may not be amiss to remark that there is no day when the amusements are better patronized by foreigners, especially Americans. It Is the Continental Son day. On the surface a Paris Sunday is a picture of gaiety of abandon, of free dom from care, and do not forget this point of good order and quiet, which cannot be surpassed on the face of the earth. Americans and English who believe in the ranctification of the day and resist the "swim" are shocked naturally. The French go into peals of laughter at their disap proval. Tney do not comprehend how any sentiment but that of the coldest austerity will forbid their fun. It must not be con cluded, however, that they have no Sunday question. That would be an error. The question is grave here. However, it is not religious but social. It is how to reorganize Industrial and commercial life eo that every body in Paris can have the same day off for rest There is a great need of such an under taking, for if one loots outside of parks and places of amusement on Sunday he will find that to a large degree the day is one of labor. Building goes on almost without inter ruption. For the last six months I have watched the repairs making on a church near my lodging. The stone cutter chiseled away at the llutings on his columns Sun days as well as Mondays. It was on Sun day that the protecting fense in front of the portal came down, and that the rubbish from the interior was cleaned away. All day long heavy carts freighted with enor mous building stones and drawn by four or five stout Percherons hitched tanden, drag along the streets. Even the Government, which ordinarily allows its employes one day in seven, averages more than half of Sundays in building; thus carpenters are given every otner Sunday for rest, but masons, plasterers, street pavers and cellar Leon Bay. diggers, but one in lour. Markets, butcher shops, bakeries and groceries are always open. Multitudes ot small shops never close. The great stores and factories nearly all do for the entire day, but the struggling improve the opportunity to catch trade. The laundress brings your linen then, and nothing can induce her to change the day. The postmen deliver letters five times and papers twice on Sunday, and make live collections of mall. In short, in France to-day fully 10,000,000 men, women and children, who have no regular weekly day of rest, are Sunday slaves. Paris as the largest city of the country has, of course, a large per cent of this number. The suspension of business which does take place is among the prosperous. Monday a Day of Drinking. But men must rest sometime, and so the habit has crown among many workmen, who were not given Sunday, of taking Monday. There is an expression common among the French which shows the result of this habit It is faire le Lundi, that is "to make Mon day." literally, but freely "to go on a spree" or "to paint the town red." As a rule their wives and children, if they have them, are at work. They pass the day at the saloons and spend all they have. Among the poorest class of workmen whose shops or factories close on Sunday it is the habit to take Monday too. They spend the former day in the open air, the latter in the saloon. They probably would take Tues day, too, If they had a sou left This state of things strikes at the weakest spot in Parisian lite the family. Among the working people of the city this institu tion scarcely exists. Marriage is infre quent Nearly one-third of the children born are Illegitimate. But what can be ex pected when lather and mother work from 6 or 7 o'clock in the morning unf", 8 or 9 in the evening, often for seven fa in the week, and rarely with a common holiday? The family, if undertaken, falls to pieces because there Is no chance to cultivate the associations necessary for its existence. Paris, France, has not always been with out a Sundav. Until the Revolution, re- lii-ion. aided bv law. preservea tne asy. law, preserved tne da' Tk.n in Um cffierl nfrainqt thtt mfttiHM nf ihf rlpmr the government substituted per- I secution lor purification." It attacked Sun- J SUNDAY iy , ...... n ..o.iili.Jv? . jitir. -.iJ' ,. J , ....-. . .... .j tJ&S j-, l-&.r Ji St&L.ir, . .i.S... uki f- .-.-. -.. , . i ,. . .vi ' .. , . j, , J t. day. It was not so unwise, feowever, as to do away with a regular day of rest, but substituted for the religious one day in seven the decade, that is one day in ten. It was no half-way law, for everybody who did not observe the decade or who did observe Sunday was to be punished by death. Sun day was restored in 1814, but in 18S0 the law was repealed. Church Heeling at the Bottom of It The reason for the repeal was that it looked like a concession to the Catholics. France is willing any day to cut off her own nose to spite the Catholics. She certainly did so when she abolished Sunday. The day lost none of its prestige in reality. The rich kept it The Government kept it It was rooted into the people by 1,800 years of observation. A law could not tear out the tradition. Even the severe law of the Revolution establishing the decade had tailed. "We do rest on the decade" said an Ouvrier of 1800, "but we change our shirts on Sunday." The harm fell on the masses where the prejudice and narrowness of Gov ernments always fall. The social evils resulting from having no legal day of repose have become evident to the economists of France. A determined struggle is going on to recover the privilege. WSA aJT JuZex Simon. Two of the most eminent statesmen of the day, M. Jules Simon and Ieon Say, are conducting the campaign. Both are Academicians. The former is a member of the Senate, the latter of the Chamber of Deputies. Both are upright men, who love France and deplore her follies. Especially are they interested in restoring to -the country family life, the lack of which is so alarming to the thoughtful. One means to this end they regard as a uniform legal day of rest for all working people. To aid in securing this they formed, two years ago, a league for creating sentiment In favor of the Sunday cause. This league now includes a large number PHOTOGRAPH BHOWISG HOW of well-known people. It is thoroughly liberal, admitting Jew and Gentile, Chris tian and free-thinker. It has established branches in all parts of France. It keeps an eloquent Catholic, Abbe Gamier, in the field. It publishes a monthly bulletin which keeps track of what is doing in all parts of the world. I find there a full ac count of the Sunday question in America, including the work of different leagues and Mr. Blair's bill, and not forgetting, of course, comments on the "peculiarity" of the "American consciences" which demand such an extraordinary proceeding as closing the "World's Fair on Sunday. How Sunday Observance Is Progressing. Through the efiorts of this league the Postoffice Department in Paris has cut down the Sunday delivery of papers by one and the Sunday collections of mall by two. The Minister of Public "Works was "given an order to close tne railroad lreight depots at 10 o'clock Sunday morning, save in the case of perishable matter, which must be received and delivered up to noon, and to allow the person sending or receiving merchandise to request that it. not be handled on Sunday. Since the agitation of this league began the Minister of the Ma rine has ordered that the inspection of the personnel, which formerly took plaee Sunday morning, should be changed to Sat urday afternoon, and in the army a law providing a day of absolute rest on Sunday for the rank and file, which had fallen into disuse, has been revived by several com manders. The Municipal Council of Paris has de clared itself emphatically in favor of the cause, and has begun reform by giving the workmen in the sewers a day of rest and by ordering its various departments to study how work can be arranged to allow a weekly holiday to its employes. There has been gre&t agitation among the various trades on the question, especially since the Berlin Congress of March, 1890, where, it will be remembered, it was voted that agitation in favor of Sunday rest should be carried on. The typographers of Paris have asked that that the journals be reorganized so that each man can have one day of rest each week, not Sunday but any day. The groc ers, shoemakers, jewelers and hatters liave asked for closing at noon on Sundav. The butchers ask for the day after 4 p. m., the hardware men want the entire day. Suoh demands have been made all over France and with good results. At the congress held in February by the League it Tjas reported that nearly all the factories in the north were closed and many illustrations were given to show that among the farmers less work was done than formerly. A Day for Women and Children. The most serious Sunday case now up in France is that in connection with a bill pre sented by M. Jules Simon asking for a legal day of rest for women and minors. The bill does not specify the day, but the friends of Sunday naturally believe that that should be the day, and they have tried three times to pass the bill with an amend ment to that effect Every time it has been defeated. They argue that while naturally Sunday would be granted yet if an employer was an enemy of the Catholics, or if his work was pressing and he had the right to select whatever day of the wees: he wished to give to his employes, he could give a day different from that in which the father rested. Thnq. one great object of the bill would be defeated; that is the entire family would not be united for one day each week, but the father would work when the mother was free, the mother when the father was free, and possibly the children would have still another day for a holiday. This excellent argument produces no effect There is no reason for the opposi tion but fear of pleasing the Catholics. It is said that there are people so foolish in Paris that they will not speak the. full, names of streets of religious origin, but say Denis, instead of Saint Denis, Antoine instead of Saint Antoine, and Mr. Ieon Say tells of a Board of Control of a provincial hospital which, being obliged from lackot funds, to cut the meat from the bill of fare one. day in the week, took care that the day should not be Friday lest the Catholics ha pleased. These same people prefer one day in six or Jj rl,rt,r l . ' -d l i., s eight or ten for repose because one day in seven is of religious origin. The Dancer of the Jfxtremes. Certainly common sense ought to advise legislatorathat if religion or any agency can aid them to accomplish their social ends, that it is folly to refuse 'to accept it, but just now common sense has very little to do with the relations of Church, and State in France, as the recent fall of the ministry amply proves. The whole case is one of warning to American cities. It ought to impress upon them that a great privilege like a day of repose is much easier lost than regained, and thai when religious prejudice gets the uppermost in government it is very liable to injure moat those who try to use it as a weapon. . . But it we may in our American cities take a warning from the experience of Paris in regard to abandoning Sunday laws, we can at the same time learn much from her in regards to spending the Sunday. There is no question, but' that a city owes it to her poor to see not only that they have a day of rest, but that they nave some place to spend it other than in crowded tenements, with their dreary furnishings, and their bad air. Paris is a splendid example of generosity and thought fulness in this respect She furnishes her people the most beautiful of parks and gardens. All through the warm months she sees to it that there is music on Sunday afternoon in many of them, that the fountains play and that the greatest liberty in enjoying their beauties is accorded. She opens, too, all her galleries and museums, and charges no admission to any of them. Those who have watched the crowds of laboring people in Lincoln and Jackson Parks in Chicago on Sunday know that the working ability of that city is raised by the day her people enjoy in the sunlight and "fresh air. They know, too, that the city is in less danger of riots and Immorality be cause of it Those who have watched the experiments taade in Hew York In opening the Metropolitan Museum Sunday, and in Cincinnati in opening her Art Museum, be lieve that putting such refining and edu cating collections within the reach of the laboring class is a moral advantage as well as a means of culture. . Observation of .the ieonle in similar daces in Paris emphasizes f the value ot giving them these legitimate ana rauoiuu pleasures. There is no necessity in doing this, of going to the deplorable extreme to which Paris goes, and consecrating the day to. amusement purely and simply. Ida M. Tabbeia. BICHEST W0KAS HT THE W0HUX She Eii an Income of Twenty-Fire Minion awl Uvea like a Qaera. The richest woman in the world such she has long been acknowledged is Dona Isa dora Cousfno, sometimes known as the "Croesus of South America." Her various homes are in and near Santiago in Chile. PABIS ENJOYS ITS SUNDAY. She traces her ancestry back to the days of the Spanish conquest. She has been a widow for about ten years, but even during her husband's lifetime she managed her own property, worth many millions, which came from her ancestral estate. The Cousino estate now representing the property of her late husband, as well as her own, with the increments due to her execu tive ability, which is said to be greater even than her husband's, consists of millions of mpney in bank, of cattle and sheep, of coalmines, of copper and silver mines, of iron steamships, of real estate in the cities of Santiago and Valparaiso, smelting works, of railroads and farming lands. From her coal mines alone ssenora cou sino is said to have an income of 80,000 a month, or 960,000 a year. This income from one form cf wealth alone represents a branch of. her estate which should be considered, at a fair capitalization of- its income, to amount to $25,000,000. The ex tent of her coal property, however, is known only to herself; but whereas it costs only $1 35 a ton to mine her coal, she readily realizes for it 57 CO a ton. Her own fleet of eight iron steamships carries her coal and ore to market She owns everv house in the town of Lota, which has 7,'000 inhabitants, also nine tenths of the houses in the mining town of Soronel. The town of Lota is her favorite residence. There she has a magnificent mansion in the center of the finest private park in the world. It is supplied with all the luxuries that untold wealth can pro cure, brought to her very doors from the ports of Europe, Asia and Africa by her own steamships. Senora Cousino. She has another park and palace aboutjan hour's drive from Santiago on the finest plantation in Chile. Her vineyard at Macul has upon it a single cellar 500 feet long by 100 wide which is kept constantly full of wine, and supplies the markets of all Chile. She has another large estate about 30 miles from Santiago, also a great town-house in that dry built mostly of red cedar brought from California. This house is decorated by Parisian artists; it is said, by those who have seen it, to be finer than any residence in New York City. The income of Senora Cousino Is put at $25,000,000 a year, and South Americans sav her estate would realize not less than $200,000,000. This would make' her not only the richest woman bat' the richest per son in the world. John Paul Bocock. Why Merchants Fail, It is well known that a large proportion of persons who. embark in business, possibly from 90 to 95 per cent, fall at some period of their career. A compiler ot industrial statistics, after years or carefab study of this question, classifies the causes of failure as follows: Six-tenths enane from, inexperi ence, extravagance, and negligence: two tenths from innate and incorrigible dishon esty; one-tenth from speculation, and one tenth from misfortune. Household goods. packed for shipment. oauuk an isr,nifi, waters. MsJtl A SHYER CRUSADER. Congressman Barter Is Devoting Bis Life to the Honest Dollar. GATE UP BUSKESS FOB POLITICS. His DeTotion to CleTeland and the Tariff Eeform Propaganda, GOSSIP ABOUT BUND AND OTHERS rcoaaisFomxircx or thx dispatch, i , "Washington-, March 19. The'silver dis cussion which is now going on in Congress is largely the result of the efforts of Michael D. Harter, one of the new Congressmen from Ohio. Mr. Harter has only been a few months in the House, but he has already acquired a national reputation as a bright thinker, a shrewd and able debater and a bold and audacious leader. "With no practical experience whatever in politics,he lias jumped like Minerva-from the head of Jove full-fledged into the arena of the House and is giving the older members some points in their own business. Mr. Harter is a business man and his suc cess here is largely due to his introducing business methods in the carrying out of his ideas. He is one of the best advertisers in the country. He has for years been the president and business manager of the Ault man and Taylor Threshing Machine Com pany and has had charge of one of the big gest businesses of Ohio. The main shops of this company are located at Mansfield and it ships its machines by the thousands' all over the "West, South and North and it has a big trade in Europe, Australia, Mexico and South America, Pre-Emlnently a Business Xiao. Mr. Harter has also other large invest ments which have given him a good busi ness training. He owns in connection with others, two big flour mills, each of which turns out hundreds of barrels of flour every day and one of which belongs to him and Secretary Foster. This mill is nearFos toria, O. It is run by steam produced by natural gas and it is finished with all the polish and fancy woods of a fine residence. Mr." Harter has had considerable experience as a banker. He was the founder of one of the leading banks of Mansfield, O., and his whole life nas been spent as a manufacturer and banker. He has throughout his life been a stndent as well as a business man and has been known in Ohio for years as an enthusiastic free-trader and a hard money man. Heais a great admirer of President Cleveland and his work here in Congress is devoted to the opposition of free coinage, the support of tariff reform and the endeavor to have Cleveland nominated. He is pushing his ideas as no new member has ever pnshed ideas before. His business ability has enabled him to organize schemes by which he has waked up the whole country. Not Afraid to Spend His Money. He is a man of independent means and he is willing to spend money In carrying out his schemes. He first attacked silver through the Grand Army Posts and it cost him while he was doing it from $100 to $200 a week in postage and clerk hire. He next sent circulars to the bankers of the country and now he has, I understand, a new circu lar which is to go to all labor organizations of the United States, and which in simple language urges them to insist upon their Congressmen Toting against free silver. He will in this way probably extend his cam-' paign to every interest in the Union and if money and brains will accomplish what he wants, he will probably succeed. Mr. Harter is now just 42 years old. He is a straight businesslike looking man with a dark rosy face, a bright, sparkling eye and hair which is sprinkled with gray. He dresses in business,clothes, Is quick in his movements and is packed full of nervous activity. He is a well-read man, a pleas ant talker and a member of the most promi nent Democratic clubs of the country. He has for years been connected with the Cob den Club of London and he is also one of the Eeform Club of New York. Given Vp Business for Politics. Mr. Harter has riven up bnsines since he has taken up politics. He says he does not believe in a man's whole life being devoted to money making, and, though he might become a rich man if he continued to chase the dollar, he prefers to have less and en- Michael D. Harter. joy more. Mr. Harter's home at Mansfield, O is a pretty red brick with a large lawn about it It "is just opposite the mansion of Senator Sherman, and is presided over by Mrs. Harter, who has attracted attention here as one of the finest looking of the later arrivals in "Washington society. I took a good look yesterday at Silver Dollar Bland. He is the reverse of Harter in every respect. He is short, fat and sal low. Harter's face is as fresh as that of a baby. Bland's looks like tanned leather. Harter looks clean. Bland appears ' to be long to the great unwashed. He may be clean, but he don't look it, and his panta loons make me think of those of the late Senator Van "Wyck, which were said to have been cut with a circular saw. Bland la about ten years older than Harter. It is now 11 years since he got the silver dollar bill, of which Senator Allison is said to be the author, through the House, and it was through it that he made his great reputa tion. He has been fighting for silver eyer since. Bland Not a Pleasinr Personality. Mr. Bland ia of medium height, and he would weigh. I iudge. about 175 nounda. His voice Is deep, hoarse and unpleasant,, and his words come forth from rather a large mouth, the chin of which is ornamented with a sandy brown beard, and the upper lip of which has a mustache of the same color. Bland cares but little for" appear ances. He sits half the time on his spine, and he looks as though be could bite a nail. He talks but little to those around him and he has none of the sociable qualities of Har ter. He Is a man of fair average ability, however, and his character is above re proach. The return of "Whitelaw Beid to the United States and the probable appoint ment of Colonel John Hay as his successor, recalls the "Washington careers of two, of the most remarkable men in public life. Both Hay and Beid came to Washington poor and unknown, and both are to-day rich and famous. Both have, made fortunes for them selves, and both hare, married other fortunes in the daughters of millionaires. Colonel John Hay is one of the managers of Amasa Stone's estate,, which amount to-millions, and h has an iaceme which would enable him to make a social success of any tHplo- matie position to which he might be ap pointed. Beld's Besldenee Cost a Million. "Whitelaw Beid's wife is the daughter of the noted millionaire, D. O. Mills, and Mr. Beid's country home at "White .Plains is said to nave cost H,000,000. The grounds upon which John Hay's big "Washington home stands cost, about ten years ago, $6 a foot, and it ft worth $15 a foot to-day. Yod would have to carpet it with 52 greenbacks to buy it, and the mansion which Colonel Hav has built upon it is a triumph of architecture in bnck. It was designed by Bichardson, arid the brick of its walls and chimneys is so arranged that it looks as if it might have been carved, ont of an im mense old mountain of, red sandstone, and its interior is one of the most beautiful in America. It was in the "White House that Colonel Hay first lived in "Washington, and he came here as President Lincoln's private seere tary at a salary probably less than $2,000 a Silver 'Dollar Bland. vear. He was a good writer, however, and he could have made a big income outside of his official career, and he made, I am told, something like $50,000 ont of the magazine publication of his history of Lincoln. Began at Five Dollars a Week. "When "Whitelaw Beid came to "Washing- tan- he was not making much more than Colonel Hay. He began here as corre spondent of the Cincinnati GaztUt, and he helped ont his salary by getting an appoint ment as librarkn of the House of Bepre sentatives. He had been engaged in news paper work in Ohio, and I heard him once say that his first work as a correspondent was on the Cincinnati Times, and that his wages were $5 a week. He soon made a reputation here at Washington, and he added to the fsme he had gotten as war cor respondent He was given an interest in the Cincinnati Gazette, and then went to the New York Tribune and made a fortune. Both Hay and Beid have been good friends for years, and during Mr. Beid's shorter ab sences in Europe, Colonel Hay has some times taken his place as the editor of the New York Tribune. Colonel Hay is a charming writer, and has true poetic genius. Years ago he wrote "The Pike County Ballads" in order to ridi cule the dialect poems of Bret Harte and Joaquin Miller, and he was rather surprised when he found his poetrytaken in sober earnest and himself famous through it He is, I am told, rather ashamed of these poems now. and his work in poetry which has lately appeared in the Century has been on a higher plane. During his stay in Spain he wrote "Cijstilian Days," and if he remains in Paris we may get some of his prttty pictures of French life. Senator Incalls and the Reporters. Speaking about public men as writers, I understand that Senator Ingalls is again working on the "Washington novel which he had about ready for the press when the fire occured at his house in Atchison and burned his valuable library. This fire destroyed a large amount of manuscript and important letters ana it wiped out in one nignt tne bottled up results of Senator Ingalls' intel lectual life. Ingalls had a way of keeping his notes upon the subjects he was studying in the shape of marginal references on the pages of the books connected with them. If a bright sentence or a .bright idea struck him while he was reading he jotted it down on the side of the page and his memory was such that he could always tell just where such a note was to be,founcf and his library was in this way the half of his souL He is a very rapid writer and he writes, if any thing, better than he talks. He has not been doing muah writing since he left the Senate, but he has been pnt in a bad light right along by the reporters and by his enemies in Kansas. He has, metaphorically speaking, been kicked and cuffed in every direction and by everybody, and his recent statement as to how his own party treated him during the last campaign is a fair ex ample of the actions of some of his other so called friends. Trouble Made by a Lying Writer. Not long ago he came to Chicago. He arrived at the hotel with a blinding head ache and a bad cold and went to his room, giving directions that he would see no one. The reporters of the various papers called and sent up their cards and the word was sent back that Mr. Ingalls was not in. This was the case from time to time during the whole afternoon and evening, and the next day there appeared in one of the papers what purported to be an interview with Ingalls. It stated that he could make big money out of all the information he gave to the .newspapers and he had no ideas to furnish gratis in the shape of interviews. This talk was copied far and wide, and tne otner newspaper men or the country who did not know Ingalls put him down as a snob and a fool. The truth of the matter was that Ingalls had no talk whatever with this correspondent, but the man had some spite against him and made up the inter view out of whole cloth. The day it ap peared Senator Ingalls denied it and the man was at once discharged from the news paper. He Called Ingalls a Liar. Had he said be was sick instead of saving he was not in to the reporters at Chicago, he might have had no trouble. It was this apparent falsehood which made some of them angry and one of them told me last night his experiences with the Senator at this time. Said he: "We hung aronnd that hotel all afternoon and we could not get at Ingalls. I sent up my card three times and it came back every time with the reply that the Senator was not in- At last I saw a telegraph messenger cone in with a telegram Jer Ingalls and I thought to make surety surer by giving my card to him. If the message stayed the Senator was in and I would know he was playing me false if my card came back. f I sent it up and the message stayed and aown came my cam witn tne same story. 1 was rather angry and I took out my card and wrote on the head of it, 'Senator John J. Ingalls. what a liar you are?' and signed my name to it I put the card In an envel ope and left it in the Senator's box. The next day I again sent np my card and I was told to come right up.' Senator Ingalls first asked me what X meant by the card I had sent mm. J. tola nim my experience in try ing to get at him and said I was mad at the way he had answered me. He explained that he had refused to see anyone because he was sick and he then began to chat with me and gave me a verr good interview. He did not seem very angry at my action in writing the note and "he passed the whole thing off with a laugh. " Fbaxk (i. uabfsstk A Trick of the Shoemen. A local gossiper said the other day that shoemakers were in the habit of guarding against sneak-thieves by never showing boots and shoes in pairs, and thus making thelts too profitless for the risk incurred. This practice prevailed very extensively years ago, but nowaday the precaution is SnetsaUy overlooked. Soma , tradesmen re, however, adopted the plan of nly sanding ont single shoes, when ordered 04 spprayaL. A BOTTiqi of Dr. Ball's Cough Srrnp hi invaluable-to travelers. Price only 35 eentst rfc. s.. rnKKKfCwp SHARING OF PROFITS Will Be Possible Only When the Mil lennium Comes, According to$ THE VIEWS OP SENATOR FARWELL. It Might Do for the Manufacturers hutXot for the Merchants. . ULTIMATELY IT MEANS SOCIALISM rwsrrrxH tor rax wsr atch. i The division of labor as a means to the best results in almost every kind of busi ness has been so successfully applied that no large, enterprise of any kind can succeed without it "What else can be done to in crease the efficiency of labor and capital? Katural adaptation to some special work, and continued application in that speoial work, make experts, 'and experts make success other things being equal and cap ital and labor are equally Interested in success, as without a fair compensation for both long-continued prosperity is not pos sible. In this country fortunes have been made so rapidly in many lines of business that competition has sprung up as the legitimate counterpart of large gains, until capital, which began with large profits, while pay ing large remuneration to labor, was obliged to reduce wages to make even a fair interest on capital invested, and now a dissatisfied capitalist has to meet dissatisfied labor and solve the problem of fair compensation to each. ' Both as a citizen and as a merchant of nearly 60 years' experience I have had occasion to give a good deal of attention to the labor problem, and among other things have studied the profit-sharing principle as applied to my line of business. Practicable In the Iron Bniinesa. Let me begin by saying, in a broad sense, labor does share in the profits of business more largely in America than in any other country in its relative receipts from the re sults of labor and capital combined in wages now paid. The question is, can an addi tional motive be added by capital to wages, which shall inure to the benefit of both, in the form of a share in the profits over and above wage receipts? If so, both must accede to it by the ultimate law of human nature in business, namely, self interest In some manufacturing concerns, notably iron mills, where physical more than brain force produces results, I should say that this added motive would serve both capital and labor In comparatively larger outputs and greater harmony, and is therefore practi cable. In business establishments for the sale ot manufactured goods the same motive could only operate on a small number of employes, whose intellectual force and prac tical experience, combined with strict in tegrity, make them competent to manage departments. Capital may well share profits with such men for the use. of their experi ence and intellectual force, buta to extend this motive beyond that line, so as to make it effective in better service from all em ployes, would not, In(my opinion, be a workable proposition. Why It Will Not Work Klfewhere. To do it the capitalist would be obliged to lower the fixed wages somewhat and then give a percentage of profits which both capital and labor would consider more than a compensation for the reduction in wages, with the understanding that a sharer in profits of labor wilr accelerate labor to in crease his share in profits. In the case of a large percentage of labor this -might be true, but with a larger per centage the large dollar for immediate use is more attractive that the hopeful profits added to smaller wages, and they would therefore reiect the proposition. It is quite fashionable now for large con cerns to incorporate and give all employes of good standing and experience the option1 to take shares in them, and this is undoubt edly the true plan for both in profit-sharing; for while the labor capital is small at first it is an index of business habits and char acter, and Insures successful results. It gives an edge to both physical labor and In tellectual toil, however small, as well as a wage interest in the business in hand, and real merit never fails to increase its cash investment with an aggresive application of labor dynamics. It Means Socialism Eventually. But carried to its legitimate (inclusions, profit-sharing universally applieu in indus trial and mercantile pursuits- means a com munity of interests and resolves itself into socialism pure and simple. The history of the world reveals the fact that barbarism prevails when such a system Is maintained, and that civilization and refinement follow individual, independent action in the accu mulation of wealth. This being so, the mental and moral con stitution ot the race must be radically changed before the principle of profit-sharing can be practically utilized to better he conditions of society. The millennium must come, not in theory, but in practical power, as a fact, in which every man can divide brain, muscle and means with every other man and be proud of the privilege of doing it, and then the King of Bighteousness Himself can again give Himself to the race for its complete redemption from the power of human selfishness. John V. Fabwell. IS CATABBU CrjUABTJET A Question Often Asked and Fully An swered at IasU THEOKT YEBIFIED BY PRACTICE. Mr. W. T. Black, of Schuyler Co., 111., writes: "The Pe-m-na Drug Manufactur ing Co., Cqlumbus, O. It affords me great pleasure to be able to add my testimony to that of many others who have used your medicines. I was afflicted with catarrh for several years. I used about three bottles of Pe-rn-na and some Man-a-lin, and I think I am entirely well. I bad been troubled with constipation for several years. I had been dieting for it, and that bad failed to do aay good. I used Man-a-lin until I became reg ular, and am now entirely welL I think It can not be equaled, and X think Pe-ru-na and Man-a-lin are all that is claimed for them. 1 1 keep them in the, house all the time. Anyone donbting the genuineness of this testimonial can write me inclesing a stamp for reply and I will answer." Vases or aa long standing as tnis one olten have to take much more than three bottles of Pe-ru-na before a cure is effected, al though it is by no means rare that three bottles are sufficient. Notwithstanding that day after day we are in receipt 01 letters rrom grateini pauents, who, like the above, have been cured of ca tarrh, yet thousands of people go on asiing the oft-repeated question, "Can catarrh be cured?" Certainly catarrh can be cured. Thousands are cured of whom we never hear by taking Pe-ru-na. Thousands are cured who write of the-fact, asking us to) publish their letters for the benefit of others. But an unnumbered multitude of people whose tires are made miserable by chronic catarrh have yet to hear or become convinced that Pe-m-na is precisely, the remedy for which they have been vainly searching all tbese years. Pe-ru-na cures; it does not simply relieve temporarily. Once cured by Pe-ru-na and the fortunate individual is per manently well A valuable pamphlet of 33 pagfe, setting forth in detail the treatment of catarrh, coughs,' colds, sore throat, bronchitis and consumption, in every phase of the disease,' will be sent free to any address by the Pe-ru-na Drug Manufacturing; Ox, of Colum bus, O. This, book should be in every household, as it contains a great deal of re liable information as to the cure and pre vention f all catarrhal and kindred dis eases. ' lr iSIAHl WBITTEN FOB BY MARK TWAIN, Author of "Innocents Abroad," "Tom Sawyer," "Huckleberry Finn Etc, Etc. SYNOPSIS OF PBEVIOCS CHAPTERS. Lord Berkeley, ostensibly Earl ofEossmore, hasasonwbohas studied the claims of one Simon leathers of America to Cbalmondelay Castle and the vast estate, and Decomln convinced that he and his father are usurpers, starts to America to make his own fortune. He is imbued with democratic ideas. His father declares the son is stark mad, but he starts to America nevertheless. In Washington lie narrowly escapes death at a hotel Are, and havinff been reported burned in the newspapers, adopts Howard Tracy as his name. At the niAe accidentally gets the clothes of tfne-Armed Pete, a cowbov, who is also re ported burned. In the pockets is asum of money which Tracev puts in bant He fails to So work and drifts to a cheap boarding house. Tile habits of the boors is the worst trtai he has bad to bear. Fmallyheheccesaherobythrashingthebnlly the honje. The latter leave, taking Tracy's money with him. The landlord insults Tracy forllot pavinjt his board. Dlsconraged, he telegraphs his adopted name to his father, expecting help. The announcement thatne expects a cablegram from his father who Is jin fenglfch iarl, con vinces the boardina house folks that his failure to get work has set him crazy. At lass Tracy gets a cablegram. It reads simply, "Thanks." Despondent to the last desree, Tracy finally takes up with an old aflor and a German who paint abominable pictures. He be gins to make money for the flri time since he came to America. SimonsXeathers and his brother get Billed at a log rolling ont West, and Colonel Mulberry Sellers, the central char acter of the story, becottTes the American claimant to Chalmondelay Castle. He and hs old wile, with a sprightly daughter, live in a tumbled-down house in Washington, which now becomes Bossmore Towers. He mourns the young Lord as dead, and came near send lnt the old Ird a baskef ashes from the hotel fire as his son's remains. He is always fait orchnaerisftnen Weflfern friend, wSShCtonHawMns, Se sell, to a Yankee at 5 cents for each puzzle soli OniArmfidPeteiswantedforacrimeandaTCwardis offered. Sellers ana Hawkins de SSStaSu Tg tfai Mward" After the hotel Are they get a glimpse of Tracy in the cowboy costume and prepare to capture him. Sellers thinks he has the power or materializing the drad. One div Tracv wandering about Washington, sees the emblems of his house on Sellers' residence, the latter takes him. for the dead cowboy's materialized spirit and goes tnroujrh wild gesticulations to draw him to the residence. Tracy comes, attracted by Surioslr, not Sellers' imaginary power. Sellers and HawMns set Tracy to retouching chrOTnoIwhile they discuss the rewards offered for the cowboy. GwendoUn and Tracy im mediately fall in love. CHAPTEB XXIIL 'Tracy wrote his father before he souahthis bed. He wrote a letter which he believed would get better treatment than his cable gram received, for it contained what ou?ht to be welcome news; namely, that he had tried equality and working for a living; had made a fight which he could find no reason to be ashamed of, and in the matter of earn ing a living had proved that he was able to do it; but that, on the whole, he had arrived at the conclusion that he could not reform the world single-handed, and was willing to retire from the conflict with the fair degree of honor Tihich he had gained, and was also willing to return home and re sume his position and be content with it and thankfnl for it for the future, leaving further experiment of a missionary sort to other young people needing the chastening and quelling persuasion of experience, the only logic sure to convince a diseased im agination and restore it to rugged health. Then he approached the subject of mar riage with the daughter of the American claimant with a good deal of caution and much painstaking art He said praiseful and appreciative things about the girl, but didn't dwell unon that detail or make it prominent The thing which he made promident was the opportunity now so happily afforded to reconcile York and Lan caster, graft the warring roses upon one stem, and end forever a crying injustice which had already lasted far too long. One could infer that he had thought this thing all out and chosen this way of making all things fair and right, beeanse it was suf ficiently fair and considerably wiser than the renunciation scheme which he had brought with him fmm England. One could Infer that, but he didn't sayit In fact, the more he read his letter over the more he got to inferring It himselC "When the old earl received the letter the first part of it filled him with a grim and snarlv satisfaction; but the rest of it brought a snort or two ont of him that could be trTUtpl differently. He wasted no ink in this emergency, either in cablegrams or let ters; be promptly took ship for America to look into the matter himselC He had stanchly held his grip all this long time, and given no sign of the hunger at his heart to see his son, hoping for the cure of his insane dream, and reso lute that the process should go through all the necessary stages without assuaging telegrams or other non sense from home, and here was victory at lMt. Victory, but stupidly marred by this idiotic marriaige project. Yes; he would step over and take a hand in this matter himselC During the first ten days following the mailing of the letter Tracy's spirits had no idle time; they were always climbing np into the clouds or sliding down into the earth as deep aa the law of gravitation reached. He was intensely happy arid in tensely miserable by turns, according; to Miss Sally's moods. He never could tell when the mood was going to change, and when it changed he couldn't tell what it was that bad changed it Sometimes she was so in love with him that her love was tropical, torrid, and she could find no lan guage fervent enough for its expression; then suddenly, and without warning or any apparent reason, the weather would change and the victim would find himself adrift among the icebergs and feeling as lonesome and friendless as the If orth Pole. It some times seemed to him that a man might bet ter be dead than exposed t these devastat ing varieties of climate. The case was simple. Sally wanted to believe that Tracy's preference was disin terested; so she was always applying little tests of one sort or another, hoping and ex pecting that they would bring out evidence which would confirm and fortify her belief. Poor Tracy did not know that these experi ments were being made upon him, conse quently he walked promptly into all the traps the girl set for nim. These traps con sisted in apparently casual references to so cial distinction, aristocratic title and privi lege, and such things. Often Tracy re sponded to these references heedlessly, and not much caring what he said, provided it kept the talk going, and prolonged the seance, lie didn t suspect tnat the girl was watching his face, and listening for his words as one who watches the Judge's face and listens for the words which will re store him to home and friends and freedom, or shut him away from, the snn and human companionship forever. He didn't suspect that his careless words were being weighed, and so he often delivered sentences of death when it would have been just as handy and all the same to him to pronounce acquittal Daily he broke the girl's heart; nightly he sent ner to the rack, for sleep. He couldn't understand it Some people would have pnt this and that together and perceived that the weather never changed until one. particular subject was introduced, and then that it always changed. And they would have looked further, and perceived that that subject was always introduced, by the one party, never the other. They would have, argued, then, that this was done for a purpose. If they could not find ont what that purpose war in any simpler 0? easier way, they would ask. But Tracy was not deep enough or sus picions enough to think-of theaa thtni-i. He noticed only oner particular; that the THE DISPATCH weather was always sunny when a visit be gan. No matter how much it might cloud up later, It always began with a clear sky. He couldn't explain this curious fact to himself, he merely knew it to be a fact The truth of the matter was, that by the time Tracy had been out of Sally's sight six hours she was so famishing for a sight of him that her doubts and suspicions were all consumed away in the fire of that longing, and so always she came into his presence as surprisingly radiant and joyous as she wasn't when, she went out of it In circumstances like these a growing portrait runs a good many risks. The por trait of Sellers, by Tracy, was fighting along, day by xlay, through this mixed weather, and" daily adding to itself in eradicable signs of the checkered life it was leading. It was the happiest portrait, in spots, that' was ever seen; but in other spots a damned soul looked ont from it; a soul that was suffering all the different kinds of distress there are, from stomachache to rabies. But Sellers liked it He said it was just himself all over a portrait that sweated moods from every pore, and no. two moods alike. He said he had as many differ ent kinds of emotions in him as a jug. It was a kind of a deadly work of art, maybe, but itwas a starchy picture for show; for'it was life size, full length, and repre sented the American earl in a peer's scarlet robe, with the three ermine bars indicative of an earl's rank, and on the gray head an earl's coronet, tilted just a wee bit toons side in a most gallus and winsome way. "When Sally's weather was sunny, the por trait made Tracy chuckle; but when her weather was overcast, itdisorderedhismind and stopped the circulation of his blood. Late one night, when the sweethearts had been having a flawless visit together,SalIvs interior devil began to work hi3 specialty, and soon the conversation was drifting toward the customary rock. Presently, in the midst of Tracy's serene flow of talk, ho felt a shudder which he knew was not his shudder, but exterior to his breast although immediately against it After the shudder came sobs; Sally was crying. "Ob, my darling, what have I done, what have I said? It has happened again! "What have I done to wound you?" She disengaged herself from nis arms, and gave him a look of deep reproach. "What have yon done? I will tell von what you have done. Yon have" unwitting ly revealed, oh,' for the twentieth time, though I could not believe it, would not be lieve it, that it is not me yon love, but that foolish sham, my fathers imitation earl dom, and you have broken my heart 1" "Oh, my child, what are yon saying! I never dreamed ot such a thine!" "Oh, Howard, Howard, the things yon have uttered when yon were forgetting to guard your tongue have betrayed you." "Xnings x nave uiierea wnen j-wasior-getting to guard my tongue? These are hard words. "When have I remembered to guard, it? Never in one instance. It has no office but to speak the truth. It needs no guarding for that" "Howard, Ihave noted your words and weighed them, when you were not thinking of their, significance and they have told me more than you meant they should." "Do yon mean to say yon have answered the trust I had in yon by usin it as an am buscade from which you could set snarra for my unsuspecting tongue and be safe from detection while you did it? You have not done tbis surely yon have not done this thing. Oh, one's enemy could not do it" This was an aspect of the girl's conduct which she had not clearly perceived before. "Was it treachery? Had she abused a trust? The thought crimsoned her cheeks with shame and remorse. "Oh, forgive me," shesaid,"Ididnotknow what I was doin& I have been so tortured you will forgive me, you must; I have suffered so much, and I am so sorry and so humble; you do forgive me, don't you don't turn away, don't refuse me; it is only my love that is at fault, and I love vou, love you with all my heart; I couldn't bear to oh, dear, dear, I am so miserable, and I never meant any harm, and I didn't see where this Insanity was carrying me, and how it was wronging andabusing the dearest heart in alLtbe world tome and and oh, take me in yonr arms again, Ihave no other refuge, no other home and. hope!' There was reconciliation again imme diate, perfect, all-embracing and with it ntter happiness. This would have been a good time to adjourn. But no, now that the cloud-breeder was revealed at last; now that it was manifest that all the sour weather haicome from this girl's dread that Tracy was lured by her rank and not herself, he resolved to lay that ghost immjdiately and permanently by furnishing the best possible proof that be couldn't have had back of him at any time the suspected motive. So he) said: 'Xet me whisper a little secret in your ear a secret which I have kept shut up in my breastall this time. Your rank couldn't ever have been ah enticement I ant son and heir to an English earl!" The girl stared at bim one, two, three, moments, maybe a dozen, then her lips parted: "You," she said, and moved away from bim, still gazing at him in a kind of blank amazement "Why why, certainly I am. "Why do . yon act" like this? "What have Idone sow?" ,rWhat have yon done? You hava cer tainly made a most strange statement You. , must see that yourselt" , "Well," with a. timid little laugh, "it 4 -t i t iSM J MiMigdMMMlMSSMMMWMlMMasJMM i&gggyggg&aitii; SMMimMgi
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