2" SQ MEW OF SPORTS, 4 Some Tery Pleasing Features of the Wind-Up of the Local Football Season. TALE'S TWO GREAT YICTOBIES. The Great Team's Element of Eneeesa Ben efits of the Popularity of the Game. LOCAL A5D KATIOXAL BASEBALL Unfair Criticisms of HiTin Eecinse cf Hii Proposed EitUe With Teter Jsctsoa, The college football season of 1891 has ended, and it -will be remembered as the best in the history of the game so far. Only k few years ago not one of us would have thought ihat there would be such a football craze in the United States as there is now, and I am fully persuaded that the craze has come to stay. Thursday's big contest prac tically wound up the season. There will be other games, of course, this year, but the interest in them will only be of a local kind. AsfaraaPittsburg is concerned the season winds up in a way that gives every assur ance of a great football season here next year. The Thanksgiving contest between Shoriidge's Media team and the East End Gyms showed conclusively that Pittsburg is a football city. Despite the rain and mud 2,000 persons visited the came, and that proves that under favorable circumstances the attendance would have been doubled. This fact, taken into consideration with the other fact that the game has only been played here for a short time, proves beyond a doubt that football will be one of the great things in and about Pittsburg next fall. 1 have no hesitation In saying thr.t the game will amply pay for itself here because veall knew that Pi ttsburgers are the best people in the world for supporting any thing in which they take an interest, and this being so it will be worth the while of cur athletio organizations going to some expense in trying get together good teams. There is one way by which the game can be rsade highly successful and that is to organize a league or union for "Western Pennsylvania. "On several occasions I have mentioned this and I am glad that the idea is being favorably received by those inter red. The oiganization of a league would not prevent the engagement of outside teams, because dates could be left open and any favorite team from a distance could be brought here But whether a league is rfr ganized or not one thine is certain, viz, that There will be more football playe J here nexl season than we ever dreamt of a year or two ago. and there will also be a much better class of teams here. "We will un doubtedly have teams here that will be able to cope with ome of the prominent teams in the country. In short everything indicates that football has com: here to stay. Benefits of Popularity. There is always much good resulting from sny athletic sport becoming popular. J.t not only increases the desire ot young men to participate in the physical exercise the sport affords, bntjt tends to eradicate the objectionable features from the game. This has been true in baseball and it will be true in football. "When the public once becomes deenlv interested in anvthine of the kind now under discussion it soon makes itself heard, and all evils and defects have to be removed or the game has to go Critics be come numerous, and as a result the bad is rliminated and replaced by good feat nreo. Daring the last lew weeks thousands of people who probably never saw a Bugby football game before have begun to take an interest in the sport. The first thing they notice is the rough features of the game, and on this point there are objections in numerable. But while I am free to admit that in many instances matters are too rough to a very great extent the roughness appears to he much greater than it really is. There is nothing unduly rough in one young athlete throwing another down and ailing upon him. Young men who cannot stand this should not play Bugby football, and those who can stand it enjoy it exceedingly. But the roughness that "is to be complained of most is the "slugsing" and the clandes tine and cowardly efforts of some players to try and injure players. It is regarding this feature that I have much hope of public opinion doing good. True, there are rules lorbidding bucli roughness, but in many ways they can be evaded and in many in stances referees lack the courage to enforce them. It is safe to predict that public opinion will demand a remedy on this point, and as soon as the public get any thing like a good knowledge of football rules referees will be rigidly required to enforce all rules regarding "slug ging" and unfair playing. I re member well when Queensberry box ing rules first became popular the gen eral thing was to see contests in which the rules were wholly disregarded because of their non-enforcement by the referee. But public opinion look hold of the matter, and es a result referees were compelled to see tiiat the rules were rigidly stuck to and the result was better. It wUl be the same with football. Referees will beconia more im perative and as they do so it will be better lor the game. Tale's Great Victories. The football world will now be satisfied that Vale has the best Bugby football team of the season of 1891. The blues have won two noble victories, and that of Thursday was no less glorious than their defeat of Harvard. Of course few of us would be surprised at Princeton's Thanksgiving de leat. From first to last of the season I have failed to see where either Harvard or 3'rinceton had the equal of Yale, as far as a lcotball team .as concerned, and thsrfact that neither of Yale's rivals scored a point against her proves superiority beyond all doabt. The victories were not in any sense of the word gained by flukes, better play end that alone won the laurels. "Well, let us say: Hurrah for Yale. "When victories are won under such circumstances the vic tors deserve all the praise and encourage ment we can give them. But without going into the details of the two big contests these Lave been fullycxplaincdin the daily lien spacer accounts." 1 may point out that Yale's successes give a good lesson to all iootball teams. They teach that victory cannot be relied on without persistent prac tice and the best kind of team discipline. The Yale football players have been untir ing in their practice work. They have daily worked together as if their entire suc cess in life depended on their football play ing efficiency. They have Been w ell coached, b'lt they we're ai all times ready to receive advice and act on it. Bevond all, when out ot sicht of the "coach" they were true to him and themselves. 2ow, without these essential qualities no team can at all be re lied on, and amateur athletes generally should take a lesson from Yale's methods jMid her achievements. "While we now iullj know that Yale's football team are superior to the teams of Harvard and Princeton, we do not for sure know which has the better team between Harvard and Princeton. I am inclined to think that of the three Harvard is second best, althouch there is a great diversity of pinion on this point. As far as the re spective scores of these teams against Yale ore concerned. Harvard has the best of it. But her team's general work has always impressed me as being better than that of Princeton. It is a rjitv that the two teams do not meet in contest. A game between I them would certainly be an interesting one, J and if they were to play I venture to say that more money would be invested on the result than on any other athletic or sport ing event that we have known. Some "Words ot Complaint. The few remarks I made last Sunday re garding the local baseball team evoked from the club directors some very pointed words regarding my "unfriendliness" to the club. One very genial director wrote me on the matter, pointing out that oldadace that "no news is better than bad news." This is quite true under certain circumstances. But either the directors have Been much mis taken or I have. I did not expect that I was saying a word against the playing ability of the team. All that I contended last Sunday was that the team was less at tractive than the team of last year. Surely nobody will deny this. I also said that pub. lie opinion generally in and about Pittsburg was to the effect that a weaker team was being gotten together than the team of last year. This was not my opinion. Personally, I do not think that a more unsuccessful team as far as playing is concerned can be secured than the team of last year. The failures of last season were extremely costly, and because of this it is my earnest wish that a'cheaper method of securing players for next season will meet with greater success. Once more let it be remarked in this paper that the directors of this club have in every possible way endeavored to get a winning team. Xobody can for a moment deny that and I don't know of anybody who has de nied it. They are still willine to go after any available man of first-class abilities, and if ever a bod v of men deserved success it is these same directors. Baseball playing and players are so extremely uncertain that I would not be surprised if the cheaper team of next year does considerably better than the expensive team of last season. "Whether this will be done or not I don't say at this juncture, but it is to be hoped that such is the case. One thing the public can depend on is that the directors are certainly trying their very best to secure a team of victorious ball players; indeed, this is so much the case that if their efforts are not successful this time there will likelv be a complete collapse of the club next fall. Baseball A flairs in Gcne.-aL "What is termed tho war between the League and the Association is, judging from outward appearances, no nearer a termina tion than ever. The usual amount of rumors are still current, but not one of them seeems to have a solid foundation. Two or three days ago I had a long conver sation with Billy Barni, the manager of the Athletics, of Philadelphia. Billy, to be sure wo all know Billy and can be familiar, is a member of the Association committee whose duty it is to arrange a circuit for that organiza tion. "William tells me that the committee have been at work but that there is nothing settled yet; nor can he tell what will be done. He"talked about a ten-club circuit, but let me say this will never be, and probably William Barnie knows it as well as anybody. He is opposed to the mo nopolistic scheme of one organization with 12 clnbs, and I am with him on this point, although it might be better than the present condition of things. But what Billy said about peace was of most importance, because he gave me to clearly understand that he and his col leagues are quite prepared to talk matters over with the League again. "When point edly asked what the Association wanted Mr. Barnie said: "Let each organization remain as it is, that is, we to have a club in Chicago and one in Boston; let each organization keep nil the players it now has signed. "We will sign a national agreement to respect each other's contracts and reserved players to gether with the cities." There really does not seem to be anything extraordinary about the foregoing, although there are on: or two very important omis- Nms. xui ii mere is any irouoie oecause the Association wants to put a club into Chicago, or because it wants to keep one in Boston, there ought not to be. So far there has not come before my notice any sound reason why the Association should not have a club in Chicago. That city can support two just as Philadelphia and Boston can support two. This being so, if there has any buying out to be done, let .the people in Chicago or in Boston, who are di rectly interested financially, do the buyintr. The National League is doing wrong;"it is stickling on a matter of this kind, and it will do wrong if. to avoid this it aids in the establishment of a 12-club League. A Cricket League. A gentleman who takes a very deep in terest in cricket playing in this city he is " an American is anxious to have a little cricket league organized for next season. The idea is a capital one, although it is not new. There have been many expensive ef forts made to get cricket playing thoroughly established in this locality, but so far they have all more or less failed. Two or three years ago it did seem as if the historic game was going to take a firm hold, but circum stances caused it to droop again. It the or ganization of a little league will not sustain it no'hing will, and it is because of this that I so heartily support the idea. There is no reason why a league of four or six clubs could not be organized, and if this were done I know of a gentleman who will offer a splendid trophy for the winner. There are clubs at East Liverpool, Jeannette, "Sew Castle and Pittsburg that are tolerably strong. Good teams could be organized at other nearby places, and altogether it would be quite an easy matter to organize a league, "What is required is for those interested to get together atonce and discuss the mat ter, formulate plans and appoint some active gentleman to take charge of the movement. In the meantime, if anybody has any sug gestions to make regarding a meetmg'or anything else pertaining to the matter they can send a letter to this office and it will be handed to the gentlemen who are anxious to have the league organized. The Local Swimmers. 'During the week more than local interest has been displayed in swimming on account of the series of races between J. P. Pox and Joseph McEwen. Unfortunately, the latter broke down, or else the contest would have been even more interesting. As it is, the contests have brought the natato rial art .prominently before the public, because the contests have shown that there are as good swimmers in Pitts burg as in any other city in Amer ica. As a result of the little boom a chal lenge in behalf of Mr. Plowers, of this city, W3s issued through the columns of this paper Friday for him to swim Johnson, the recognized amateur champion of Amer ica. I trust the challenge will be accepted, for it is bona fide, and it it is accepted I have a strong idea that Mr. Johnson will come out second best. It may be interesting to know that Johnson's best time has been beaten recently several times by Pittsburgers, and Johnson holds the American . record. But werca match to be arranged between Flowers and Johnson it might tend to develop 6ome good swimmers in this country, and we need them. During this year wehave seen how far we are behind the Britishers in Bwimming, and there is no reason why we should not be superior to others in swim ming, as vc are in almost everything else. If contests such as those just referred to u ere to be more encouraged I have every faith in the United States having the cham pion swimmers ot the world before very long. True, such "water spaniels" as "Sut tal and Finney have made extraordinary records, but bless us 'what man has done man can do again. TJrirairness to Silvio. One of the most amusing things that has for a lo'ng time been before public notice is the way in which a few ot the "whoopers up" for Sullivan are dealing with Slavin. "We all know that for a long time past Slavin has been declaring his willingness to fight Sullivan; in fact he told Sullivan so and the latter stated he would accommodate Slavin as soon as lie, Sullivan, returned from Australia. The latter returned and put up a forfeit to fight Slavin about a year from now. That was all right; but surely when a man puts up a forfeit to fight another man 12 months hence he has no grounds whatever for wanting that forfeit covered at once. Most assuredly to allow one's money to lie six months is long enough. Slavin has not THE said he will not fight Sullivan, even at the re mote date named; on the contrary, he has declared his willingness to do so. But in the meantime a big purse is offered for a contest between Slavin and Jacksop, the battle to take place next June. Slavin accepts the conditions, and he has done per fectlv right. But because he has agreed to fight" Jackson, the friends of Sullivan are talking about "Slavin's crawl." Nothing could be more unreasonable and unfair. To demand, or to even think, that Slavin is go ing to remain idle for 12 months as a means of helping to advertise John L. Sullivan or anybody else is simply preposterous. Slavin has a chance to win 510,000 or $20,000, and a good chance. If he wins he will, in all probability, be quite prepared to meet Sullivan at the time the latter names. The absurd way in which John L.'s friends arcabusing the Australian will only do their champion's cause harm. According to the champion's own conditions there is plentv of time lor Slavin to cover that much puffed up forfeit But Sullivan has manfully stated that Slavin ha9'118' done the correct thing in agreeing to.meet Jackson, as a battle between them will show who is the better man. This is what Sullivan wants to know, and he is perfectly right in so expressing himself. A Britisher's Opinion. A writer in the London JUferct has the following to say about Slavin and Sullivan: "Possibly one may quote, in contraven tion of-my" doctrine that prices are down very much indeed in boxing, that quite fabulous sums are on offer, or said to be so, for a meeting between Sullivan and Slavin. Theirs is an exceptional case, and if specu lators in this direction can be guaranteed free from police interference and you can obtain as nearly as'possible absolute im munity, yon know, in the States at a price there ought to be a fair working profit on a very large purse indeed. Sullivan has to meet" Slavin. That no reasonable person will doubt. The so long popular idol J. L. surely cannot find a way out from at least fixing a match. Tiuft has arrived when he must either put np a deposit for a match or shut up from the championship racket. Simply, he must give the Australian a trial. In one way or another you could grant the partisans' reason lor sticking to him as the champion so far, but no matter how much beating about the bush may intervene, an appointed end stands evident either give the Colonial best without a fight or stand up before him. Already a ton of excuses have been put forth and wildly absurd conditions hinted at. These all count for nothing. Postponing a match till the fall of liext year reads small and mean at first sight, though if the great Bostonian has been living freely, as is his wont, ever since he tackled Jake Kil rain, he might require all the interval to get himself properly in trim. Theatrical engagements are of some consequence, bnt may not reckon long. Look you, it is this way. Sullivan as an actor is very small, watery potatoes. Sullivan, the boss boxer, as an exhibition ficure in a theatrical troupe drew money in his own country. Naturally managers were pleased to engage the celeb rity whom the public flocked to see. But let him be defeated or back out of a proffered match with the Australian, then theatrical engagements won't hamper him ten minntes. For why? His glory as a fighter will have departed, and his fistic or glove record was the only thing that drew the dollars. This being thus, I believe that Slavin need not trouble about securing a meeting with the Slogger, whose business interests, let alone personal vanity, will not permit him to get away to avoid.'" rujilists in General. "What promises to be quite an interesting fistic contest is that between Joe Choynski and Billv"Wood underlined for next month. It is likely that the Polish-American will be a strong favorite, as he has had much more experience than "Woods, and has proven himself one of the pluckiest men before the pugilistic world to-day. But he is far from "invincible, and when in Aus tralia he was beaten at his own game, that of slugging. He is not a clever fighter as the word goes, but if he once gets at his opponent, woe betide the latter if he is not also one of the demoniac order. "Woods is a w ell-built and powerful young fellow in whom great hope is centered by the Denver people. I have seen him box and I have a very strong notion that Chovnski will not reach "Woods without receifing a deel of pummeling himself. Altogether at present it seems to me that while the chances of victory may be in favor of Choynski there is no reason why a dollar of odds should be bet on him against "Wood. At a six to four rate I certainly should be on the side of "Woods. La Blanche, the vanquisher of Jack Dempsey, has come considerably down the scale, as he has agreed to fight Gregcians for a purse of 2,000. Surely a grat change has taken place, as not very long ago La Blanche would hear tell of nothing but 53,000 or 510,000. It is difficult to tell how his battle with Greggians will end. The latter, some time ago, easily defeated Billy McCarthy, and before that knocked out that very promising middle-weight, Charlie Turner. These victories would indicate that his chances of defeating La Blanche are good, and I think he will be the victor. Pbingle. A B0LLAB IHVESTHEIIT HSf BULBS. How to Have a Window Full or Winter Flowers at Small Cost. rwr.rrTEN ron the dispatch. I It seems easy at first blush to answer the question how best to spend 51 in bulbs for winter flowering. But the most casual con sideration shows so many good ways of spending it, that it is hard to set down any one as unquestionably the best. For those who want flowers in quantity, without regard to color, nothing can be more satisfactory than the mixed hyacinths, tulips, crocuses andnarciscii. In hyacinths, choose the single flowered sorts, which bloom mnch better in the home than do the double ones. Four bulbs will cost 40 cents. They will be more satisfactory if grown in pots, and the treatment of all bulbs is nearly the same. Plant them in good rich earth rotted turf and manure are best, with a lit tle soot mixed in. Cover the crown an inch deep, then set the pot in either a cold frame or cool cellar tor six weeks, until the bulbs'make strong roots. Then bring them to light and warmth; keep them moist, but never wet, and in three weeks you will have flowers. For a long season of blos soms, bring in only a pot or two at a time. Fifteen cents more will secure half a dozen tulip bulbs, either mixed or the glowing scarlet Due Van Thol. Instead of the colored hyacinths you may have the ' white Koman ones, which are as cheap as the tulips and wonderfullv beauti ful in contrast with them. Fifty cents worth of the two will make a gorgeous m indow for weeks. To go with them I should advise an edging of snowdrops, at twenty cents a dozen, and a large Easter lily at" thirty cents. This gives a color scheme of white arid scarlet, flecked with green. If you fancy, or if your decorations in cline to white and yellow, then by all means put your money into narcissus : Trumpet 3Iajor and "White Pyrenees. A dozen of each will keep your windows two months in flowers. To make it truly colden End glowing, get a dozen yellon "crocuses and set them along the edge. Next them set cither canary bird or Chrvsolora tulips, and back of them Tour tall-growing yellow narcissus. I strongly recommend this massing of color as well to all who have any other floral reserve than the window garden. George D. Clabk. Mdme. Bernhardt' Certificate or Birth. Fall Mall Budget.: Mdme. Sarah Bernhardt's birth certifi cate has been found. She is not a native of Havre, as she herself supposes, but a Paris ienne of the Latin Quarter. She was born in 1844, her mother being a Berlin Jewess, who was then a struggling milliner in the Bue de l'Ecole de Medecine, a few doors from the house where Marat was living when assassinated by Charlotte Corday. Her sister Jeanne is two years younger. The house in which the great actress first saw the light is la old and dilapidated one. PlTTSBTJKGr JDISPATCH; THE DEBT OF mil May Be the Cause of Breaking Up the Famous Tripfe Alliance. BEAS0N FOE M. DE GIEES' YISIT. Pleasant Features About Hlsi Mitchell's Approaching Marriage. PACTS ABOUT CHINESE ' POPULATION rWBITTES FOS THE DISPATCH.l European diplomats are at their wits' ends to invent excuses for their comings and goings. A11 sorts of tricks are resorted to in the effort to divert the suspicious minded from the real purpose of their movements. M. De Giers, the Bussian Minister of Foreign Affairs, arrived in Paris ten davs ago "to see his grand-daughter,"he told the reporters. Sure enough, the little girl was on hand to greet her famous relative, al though the hour was M. De Giers. quite late and a great show was made of treating her with bonbons, etc., but all the same, within an hour De Giers had begun a lengthy consultation with the Kussian Ambas sador, and, in a few days thereafter, at tended any number of prolonged seances with the French President, the French Min ister of State, and all the other notables of that Government worth talking about. Coming so soon after his visit to Italy and his prolonged councils with Humbert and Di Budini, this would seem to bear out the intimation matte at the time that the Triple Alliance, so far as Italy is concerned, is on its last legs. It is probable that Italy is in about such a condition now that she is willing to sell her friendship at its full mar ket value to the country that is willing to pay for the same in cash. In "discussing Italy's probable future movements, it would be well tobearinmind the fact that there is but one nation in the world that has a larger national debt, and that nation is France. The latter country has rich possessions and stands some chance of overcoming its indebtedness in time, but, with Italy, the case is practically hopeless. In the last fonr vears France has reduced her debt $747,467,310; in the same time Italy has increased hers $2,160,896,515, or nearly double what it was in 1887. In case the supposition proves true, that Italy has withdrawn from the Triple Alli ance, or is about to do so, the query arises, what sort of a compact is this, that it can be dissolved so easily? If those countries com posing it can withdraw at will, it is difficult for outsiders to understand the real import of the famous agreement between Italy, Germany and Austria. Can it be possible that the Triple Alliance, of which so much has been heard within recent years, is really an imag'nary affair after all? Interesting Statistics on China. Not many years ago the population of China was estimated at about 600,000,000 souls. This was reduced 10 years ago to 405,000,000. More recent and thorough in vestigation, result of which has just been published by famous German statisticians, Supan and "Wagner, places the number at 350,000,000. As these figures have been ar rived at after an immense amount of labor and care, it is hardly likely they will be changed in any great degree by future estimates. As will be observed, the last re duces the first figures 150,000,000. or nearly two and a half times the population of the United States. Truly a tremendous differ ence, but has the readea. ever stopped to consider the immensity of the figures re maining. Idly sounding them on the tongue gives one nb real idea of what is comprised in a number reaching nine figures, es pecially when that number represents human beings. Three hundred and fifty million is within 7,379,000 of the popula tion of entire Europe. If China orcanized its army on a basis comparative with those of European governments and went to war it would require a combination embracing every country on the European continent to resist the intruder. The wonderful army of Xerxes would be as nothing in compari son with the Mongolian horde. Another way is to take the total popula tion and compare it with anything else of magnitude that can be reduced to simple figures. For instance, it you stood every Chinese individual on his feet and side by side, allowing 18 inches for each one you would have a continuous line 99,432 miles long or very nearly four times around the earth. Stand them on top of each other, feet on head, and allowing an average stat ure of five feet six inches to each individual and you'would have a string of Chinamen that would reach to the moon, around' it, and half way back to the earth on the other side. If each person in China, consumes an average of five pounds of food daily, it would require 319,375,000 tons to feed the people a year. There is only one small thing about the Chinese nation, and that is its national debt That amounts to only 538,500,000. It strikes me as being greatly to the credit of a peo ple, who could lree themselves entirely from obligation, by the assessment of 11 cents per capita. In our own country, with all its greatness, about 524 90 would be re quired from every man, woman and child to square our account completely. The Mitchell-Rochefoucauld Alllanee. Miss Mattie E. Mitchell, daughter of Sen ator Mitchell, of Oregon, will shortly marry Due Francis de la Bochefoucauld, a JrS member of one of df " "))) M tne most qishu- j j. cruished families of .i 9 France. It is to be hoped that this af fair amounts to something more than the mere im molation of Amen. can beauty and wealth to impecu nious European no bility. AVc are as Kiirrd that it does. Although the Mitchells are -"m Mitchell. wealthy, I really do not think thev com mand a great deal more money than the Itochefoucaulds, and thus there is good reason to believe this to be at least one in stance in recent . international unions in which hearts have been played against hearts. Miss Mitchell is a lovely girl, which almost goes without saying, inasmuch as her husband's Burname is the synonym for comeliness of person, and lie would natural ly be a little fastidious in his selection, having such precedents as the lovely girls in his own family to go by. The Due's sis ter, whom'I mentioned in these columns on one occasion, is by many considered the most beautiful woman living. He himself is one of the titled foreigners who have un sullied reputations. His army and social records have been models ot purity and manliness. In every, particular this mar riage has much to commend it The Predictions or Wiggins. The person or persons, who are In the habit of saying Trhen they do this, that or ihe other thing, "thsre will he two moons in the sky" had bettk he oareful to mako nK fcil SUNDAY, NOVEMBER it three moons hereafter. Prof. "Wiggins, weather prophet, astronomer, etc., claims to be convinced of the presence in our heavens of a second moon, which, invisible to us, or in permanent eclipse, is still a satellite of our earth. I would be sorry to say anything that would offend Mr. "Wig gins; still more so, if I should reject any theory of his that would afterward prove to be correct, but it is almost impossible to re frain from remarking, anent his recently expressed utterances on scientific matters in general, that he is living away behind the age. If he could have his earthly ex istence transported back to a period previous to'thc time of say Thales or Hip parchus, there is no question that, with the the knowledge he possesses, he would be a highly successful practitioner in the line of business he now follows. Even in some of the countries of to-day, where a slight knowledge of astronomical science is mixed with myth and superstition, he would be a famous individual. The successful prediction of a few celestial or meteorolog-. ical events, would make his fortune for him. There would be only one objection. The people of such countries might be apt to require too much precision in his prognos tications. In the event of some of his phenomena failing to be exactly on time as promised, they might dally a little too familiarly with his neck. But Mr. "Wig gins is wise. In this country and Canada he is comparatively safe. In this respect we resemble our northern brethern very much. We are a very patient people. Madagascar and Its Queen. Let us talk about people with long names. Herewith is presented the portrait of a compartively youthful wom an she was born in 1861 who lives on a very large isl and on the Southeastern side of Africa. This island is named Mada gascar and the woman referred lo is Queen of the people on it. Her name is Jlanaialor.a. Kanavalonaand she is married to a man whom she affection ately calls Bainilaiarivony. Do not fear that the resources of the Malagasy" tongue have been exhausted in the above efforts; greater efforts are to come. The woman, whose name I dare not repeat, is the niece of Queen Basohenins, who reigned about 25 years ago.and a great grand-niece of King Andrianaippoinimerina (what do you think of that one?), who died in the fullness of his years and of the fullness ot his name 81 years ago. 'Is it any wonder that a people with so little respect for the alnhabet should experience trouble? They have had it and heaps of it, and now they are in great con fusion, on account of a disagreement with their protector or rather master, France. This trouble arose over what might be termed a simple thing. The foreign representatives at Madagascar wanted exe quaturs. The French President-General decided to grant the requests. The Malagasy government refused to allow him to do so. So the matter stands and it is feared that the obstinacy of both will eventually lead to serious consequences. In case of war, the French will have their hands full to subdue these people, not withstanding the fact that they have quite a number of forts on the Island. Althouch the Malagasy army consists of only 20,000 men, this number could easily be incr ased to 50.000 if occasion should arise and it is well-known that the Madag ascar Islanders are hard fighters. France's greatest difficulty would be in getting at the largest cities, all of which lie in the far interior and there are no roads in the country. Beduced to penetrating inland in small parties, by the rivers and rough paths, they would be" picked topiece3 by the natives, who excel in guerilla warfare. History or rurple-Dyelng. The old familiar story of how the purple dye in the murex shell was discovered is going the rounds. There is nothing new in it, but there is a phase of the purple dyeing subject that is not any too well known, and which I think the transient story makes apropos. The terms "royal purple" and "imperial purple" have become so common that purple is almost svnonymons of power and position. How this came about was as follows: In early ages the most perfect purple, the Tvrian, was produced from the murex, a shell fish. A single murex would yield probably a drop of the secretion from which the dye was made, therefore it can easily be conjectnred that it would require duite a number of the curious fish to color a garment of any 6ize. In the time of Cicero a pound weight of wool so colored cost about $185 of our money. Of course, none but the wealthiest class could indulge in the color at all, but, when wealth flowed in as a result of their successes in the field, and money was plenty with everybody, the wearing or purple garments became so com mon that the Ccesars prohibited its wear to private citizens under pain of death. The Byzantine emperors even penalized the use of purple ink, ftserving it for their own royal signatures. As the result of these measures the art of purple dyeing became entirely lost by the end of the twelfth century. It was not re gained until the seventeenth, and that was through the discovery of "William Cole, of Bristol, England, that the purpurea lapillus was the identical shellfish mentioned by Aristotle and Pliny. .Other valuable pur ple dyes have been discovered in the mean time, but none, it is said, are of so rich a hue as that produced from the murex. "Wilkh. BEQuTBEMEl'TS 07 THE STAGS. The Face and the Form Have a Great Deal to Bo With Success. In speaking of ihe requirements of the stage to a reporter of the New York Sim, Sarah Bernhardt says: "The face must be capable of a wide range of expression. All the sensations, all the emotions of which a human being is capable. She may be called upon to express all of thee. Her facial expression must be theoutwardemdodiment of that something within wfiich magnetizes. "Physique is important proportion, con tour, outline are indispensable to good stage presence. One may have talent and still from lack ot physique represent but imper fectly the character assunfed. Height is necessary for certain roles. How absurd would be a squatty woman in heroic parts! Picture to yourself Jeanne D'Arc as a chumpy, short-waisted woman overburdened with 'embonpoint.' How ridiculous would be Cleopatra with narrow shoulders, scrawny neck, or an angular body! And it was in her dressing room at the Standard Theatre .that the continued, in her quick, bright wayto speak of things dra matic between rouging of her lips with pomade, dabbing powder across the cheeks, with a little whiff! A spraying of throat and hair with some sweet essence, and a hundred turns and motions, commands and exclamations, all apparently in the same breath. Sarah is activity personified, and notwith standing all that has been said of her scarcity of adipose, in her petticoats she is a dainty, fascinating bit of femininity. The Story of a Diamond. One of 'the most interesting diamonds in the world- is the Orloff diamond, which be longs to the Czar of Russia. It weighs 194 carats, and is as big as a pigeon's egg. It was once one of the eyes of a Brahman idol. "When the temple' was destroyed in an Indian war, the Shah Xadir obtained this diamond. It was stolen by a French sol dier, who sold it for $10,000 to an English sea captain. He-sold it to a Hebrew dealer for 160,000, and in 1776 Cathtrise IX of BusjI bought it for 430,00a www V ffi S 11.1 20, 18&1. DUTY TO TEE CHURCH. Difference Between loving the Breth ren and the Brotherhood. THE METHODS OF PETEE AND PAUL IJappv Medium letween tho Protestant and Catholic Churches. THE ORGANIZATION 0P THE FUTUEE There'is a great difference between loving the brethren and loving the brotherhood. St Peter, writing his first epistle, com mends his Christian disciples in the first chapter because they love the brethren; in the second chapter he exhorts them to love the brotherhood. The brotherhood is the society of the brethren. The brotherhood is the church. One of the notable contrasts between the apostles Peter and Paul and their succes sors, the popes, the prelates and the presby ters, is in their attitude toward the church. The New Testament takes but little ac count of institutions. So indefinite is the New Testament record of the discipline, the worship and the government of the apos tolic company of Christians that the Boman ist, the Episcopalian, the Presbyterian, the Baptist, can each say, "My way is the old way;" and each one can support his claim by excellent arguments out of the same Scriptures. The truth is that nobody knows what the old way was. H is as lost as the old table and the old chairs of the upper room in which the church began. It Was Any Way With St Paul. Just how St. Paul set things in order at Corinth no man can Eay. Probably St Paul was guided on that occasion, and on most other occasions, by the principle of oppor tunism. He did that which the opportunity demanded. He was a great deal more con cerned with getting the truths of the Chris tian religion into the hearts and lives of men than he was with anv particular way of doing it. Anyway to help men! Any way to cave the souls of men! St Paul cared more for the brethren than he did for the brotherhood. On the other hand, there were some peo ple in Jerusalem, as there have been a great many people in a great many places since, who" seemed to think that men ought to be helped only in the one old way. Whoever would be saved must keep the law of Moses. Really, I suppose, they believed that noth ing else would effectually help men. They laid such emphasis, however, on the old way that the supreme purpose of religion seemed to be not so much to make people better as to make them better by a particu lar process. Nobody had any business to be good in any other way. To bring in any new method was to endanger the whole sys tem of religion. I'aying Attention to Torm. These people wanted to furnish the chan nels of all the Christian churches with a table and set of chairs made exactly like those which had stood at Pentecost on the floor of the upper room. They were against any man.who suggested that although that furniture answered excellently for Jerusa lem, something else might do better for Alexandr'a or Rome. These people insisted that all "fishers of men" ought to use the same sort of bait and tackle that was used in the year one. Paul must fish at Athens just as Peter fished at Caper naum. The methods of the Lake of Gallilee must be the methods of the Mediterranean. This way of looking at things set the em phasis upon the old precedents, attributed great importance to the established customs of the society, elevated the brotherhood over the brethren. These two ideas about religion have con tended from the bezinnintr. You remem ber how the apostles found a man one day who was doing their work, and doing it more successfully than they were, but uot according to their method. This man fol lowed not with them. He loved the breth ren; he loved every brother in the street He wanted to help all who needed help, and he did help them, in the name of Jesa'. Sid Dot I.OTO the Brotherhood. But for some reason he seems not to have loved the brotherhood. He had no con nection with the brotherhood. And the brotherhood did not like that They for bade the man. They said that all the good work of casting out devils in the Master's name belonged to them. That was the brotherhood's business. They put a stop to that bencficient ministry. They were quite willing to let the brothren go on being vexed with devils, for the sake of the broth erhood. It was about this matter that discussion arose in the days of the apostles between the Jewish and Gentile converts. The Jews were not willing to relax the regula tions of the religious society to meet the new conditions. Instead of going out with hands extended to welcome and bring in every Gentile brother who desired to take Christ for his teacher, they stayed back, reflecting that such an invitation would be inconsistent with the customs of the brother hood. And when Paul and Peter received these brethren, and brought them by a. new way into the brotherhood, and men began to become Christians without ever being Jews at all, these conservative people were indignant Peter lost the Presidency of the church at Jerusalem. The First Christian Controversy. Paul was complained about, called a heretic, hindered iu his work, and perse cuted. This was the first Christain contro versy it was tne occasion ot tne calling of the first Christian council. That was what they talked about there at Jerusalem; should their first care be about the brother hood, that is, about the keeping of the old customs? or should their first care be about the brethren, that is, about the saving of the souls of all men in any way? , The question was decided at Jerusalem in favor of the brethren. The mind ot the Apostolic Church, as then expressed, was for setting the salvation of the individual above the preservation of any ancient cus tom, it was settled mat tne Drotnernood existed for the brethren, not the brethren for the brotherhood. Nevertheless, the thought of the church for centuries ran in the other channel. The great work was the building up of an institution, the strength ening and elaborating of an ecclesiastical organization. To erect stupendous build ings, to maintain a splendid ceremonial, to gam money and to get poWer, were the undertakings which largely occupied the mediaeval enurenmen. Result of the Reformation. Then came the Reformation. The Reforma tion was that old Jerusalem council over again. The question once more come up for settlement which is the more important, the soul or the church. The brethren or the brotherhood? The supreme purpose of the Reformation was to readjust the broken bal ance They took awav the emphasis from the federal idea in religion, and set it on the individual idea. They taught that the soul of one man is worth more than all the ecclesiastical organizations in the world. Perish the brotherhood if it hinder the brethren! The Reformation, however, was not by any means an unqualified success. That, indeed, could hardly be expected. The Reformation was a reaction, and a reaction is a fall from one extreme into another. It is an endeavor to get a more accurate meas ure, by taking all the weights out of one side of the scale and putting them on the other. The immediate result of the Reformation was anarchy. The brethren were now in the ascendant: the old brother hood was abandoned; every brother did what was right in his own eyes'. The. world was filled with confusion. A hundred strange doctrines followed the unguided readings of untrained theologians in the pages of the Bible, and a hundred fanatical sects arose to represent them. The Formation of New Churches. Every man who even fancied that he had discovered a new truth, got his friends and Ua neighbors together, and formed u maaj of them as he could persuade to follow him into a new "church." Along with this went, in some places, a forsaking of the Ten Commandments, and, in other places, a re jection of the Christian creed. Men pro posed to have no authority over them what ever. The standard of faith, the standard of morals, was to be new-cnnstructed by every individual, out of the Bible. All the old traditions, the old wavs, the old interpreta tions, were to go for nothing. The Chris tian religion had been asleep or dead for 1,600 vears. And now every man was an apostle. The old despotism was followed by the dismemberment of Christendom; the old superstition was followed by the new skepticism. And these evils continue to the present day. Thus the Christian world was divided, and is divided still, into two opposing camps, Protestant and Catholic, each of them repre senting one of these contending ideas of re ligion. The underlying principle of Prot estantism is the exaltation of the brethren above the brotherhood; the underlying principle of Catholicism is the exaltation of the brotherhood above the brethren. Catholic and Frotestant Churches. Both"are right and wrong. Each needs the other. The love of the brotherhood divorced from the love of the brethren will always lead to superstition, to an undue reverence for forms and customs, to some sort of tyranny. The love of the brethren separated from the love of the brotherhood will always minister to foolish division, to confusion of faith, to ecclesiastical anarchy. Catholicism is not the right religion; Prot estantism i not ttie right relkrion. We ou;;ht to bo Catholic Pfotestints and Prot estant Catholic?. We ouh' never to be satisfied until vie are just as Catholic and just us Piotcstantasfet. Peter and St. Paul. StTetcr, who said "love tlie brotherhood," said also "love as brethren." St. Paul, whose characteristic doctrine of justifica tion by faith is the great doctrine In the Protestant creed, had more to say than any other New Testament writer about the .Church. e ought to lovo the Drethren. Keliglon Is for men. - The mission of tho Church Is to help everybody who needs help. There Is constant need of humanizing the work of the Church, that is, of emphasizing this su preme purpose for which the Church exists to make the world better. The test of any method, or any cuatoin in the Church, is not Its age but its actnal usefulness. That min istry, for example, is a valid ministry which succeeds in savin;; souls. That organization is tho best which can show the best results. In the Church, as everywhere else, the proof of the tree is in the fruit. The Church of tho Future. Wc ought to welcome every innovation, every new idea, in proportion to Its attrac tive influence. The Church is meant to bring the life or Jesus Christ to tho knowl edge of every man In the world. The Church is set to teach the great truths that He taught, and to get all the people to believe them. Every endeavor to make that life more real, and that truth more true to men has a right place In the Church. The Church ought to bo big cnouzh to take in all the brethren. There ought to bo no need for anybody who loves tho Lord Jesus Christ and want to lead others Into the light of that love to go out of the Church to do it. Somehow, in the great reunited Church of tho future, every sort of worship, every variety of ecclesiastical organisation, every kind of man, will have a place. There will be room in it for tho mistaken people. There will be room in it for the men ot one idea. There will be room in it for all the brethren, and for all who love the brethren. The only people who will have to stay out will be those who are not good enough Christians to tolerate differences. In the Church of the future, In which men will care more for souls than they will for systems, and in which tho love and service of the Lord Jesus Christ will be the beginning and the middle and the end or all religion, there will bo a great deal of affirmation but a great scarcity of negation. No Effort to Force Faith. People will be content to set forth what they actually believe, without pronouncing condemnation on those who believe other than that. There will be no effort to force faith. There will be snch thorough confi dence in the divinity ot truth that truth will bo left to prevail in its own.wayand: In its own time, without the assistance of in tolerance. On the other hand, while we'ought to love the brethren, we ought also to love the brotherhood. It i Christ himself who directs us to "hear the Church." The cus toms of the ancient society, the ways of the Church ought not to be readily laid aside. The probability is that the brotherhood is wiser than any of the brethren. The established order is the growth of long experience. Jt is tho resnlt of dealing; for centuries with human nature. These ways have been found helpful. Thev have been tried and proved. Tho chances aro that they are tho best ways that can be dis covered. Welcome, indeed, all new ways, if they are better ways. Let us not be so com mitted to a system as todeclineallpossibility of betterment To get a good work done is what we want, not to get it done in any narticnlar way, even the most venerable. Nevertheless until tho new has shown its superioiity, the old Is better. The Customs of the Church. We ought to be loyal to the Church. We ought, ns St Peter says to love the Church. The customs of the Chnrch ought to be as dear to us as the customs of the foinily. We ought to try to learn all that we can about the Chnrch. its history, its interpretations of doctrine, its wavs of helping neople, Its place in Christendom. .1 am ,sorry for any body who belongs to a sect whoe member ship Is in a little, narrow, exclusive religious society which was established for tho em phasizing of some one lragment of Ciiristian doctrine, or for the sake of protesting against some old departure from the truth. I am sorry for anybody who cannot be en thusiastic about his church, who docs not honestly believe that it is the very Church itself, that Christ was the actual founder of it, and the apoitlei its first ministers, and that there is room in it for the whole cir cumference of Christian truth, nnd that all Christians of all names can find in it all that is best In each of their denominational posi tions, and a great deal more. Something is the matter, either with the Church or with the Christian, when the Ciiristian does not love the Church. Gxocaz Hodges. THE J1HGLK OF A COIN "Win Almost Invariably Expose the Man Who Is Shamming Deafness. That no man is proof against the love of money is evidenced by the ease with which a physician can expose a man who is feign ing deafness, says Dr. "Wallace Smyth, of St. Louis, in the Globc-Democral A man can pretend to be deficient in any one of the senses, and it is sometimes necessary to sub ject him to an electric shock to break down his self-erected barrier. But if a man who is pretending to be deaf is approached from behind while standing on a stone floor or sidewalk and a coin is dropped so as to ring, he will invariably turn sharply around with a view to picking it up. This simple device is frequently resorted to in countries where conscription is the rule and where deafness or any other in firmity relieves a man from army service. I saw it tried in Paris on six alleged youths in succession, and much to the examining physician's amusement it succeeded in ex posing the sham every time. Suppose. WBrrrzx tor tbk dispatch. When through the long hours of the night A restless vigil oft Ikeep, And ponder, till the morning light, On all the cares that banish sleep. There sits upon my tumbled bed A teasing demon at my head. And whispers in my tortured ear. So loud I cannot choose but hear, A dreary catalogue of woes That all begin alike tSuppose:" "Suppose! Suppose!" he whispers first, 'Suppose the kitchen boiler burst? Suppose tho doctors say the worst Of poor rheumatic J immie's casoT Suppose you never sleep again? Suppose you get that horrid pain Ynu had last winter in the face? Papa is looking rather pale: Suppose his splendid health should fan? Suppose the gout should attack his toes? Suppose! Suppose! Suppose! Suppose! "Suppose the landlord raise his rent? Suppose your Charlc3 his luck abuso To speculate with every cent And all his hard-earned fortune lose? Suppose the horses run away" (On, on, the teasing urchin goes) "Upon Virginia's wedding day? Suppose! Suppose! Suppose: Suppose!" At last I answer once for all, ,.... "Suppose: Suppose tho sky should fall?" The bed is sott, and warm and wide; I turn upon the other side; With qniet oreathing, long and deep, I try to cheat myseir to sleep, 9 Tct still the demon interposes To rouse me from my sweetest dozes. I'd like to smother In the clo'es That wretched little Imp Suppose! Sassxe Oxaaaisaa, TALES FEOM WILDEK. Episodes of the "War Improved Upon by loquacious Yeterans. THE C0KTENTS OP A BALE OF HAT. A ean Man "ffho Gave Ills Wife $100 in Promises on Der Birthdaj. CONTODETJH PUT BT A ""XWSDUALEB. IWlUim. tfOB THI DISrATCH.l If a man is railroading, steamboating and staging about a country, and longing for somebody to talk to, he finds himself in lnck when he drops upon two or three vet erans who are swapping war stories. I've heard these war stories called chestnuts, but I never heard the same yarn twice, and from the number which each survivor seems to have brought home in his mental knap sack I don't see any need for a soldier t tell any story more than once. A couple of "vets," just returning from a G. A. B. reunion, staged with me from a railroad station to a little town a few miles back, and both were loaded to the muzzla with war stories. They fell to talking of the difficulties there used to be in the army to get anything liquid to float a jollification along. One told of the company of picket who traded coffee for apple-jack, which they brought into camp in their gun-barrels. This reminded the other of the cavalry regi ment which got drnnk in camp after return ing from a scouting trip which took in a dis tillery. Their canteens were inspected just before entering camp, but they had ex pected this, and filled their scabbards in stead. Then the first one said: A Precious Bale of Hay. "That's nothing to Jim "Whilliger"s little trick. Jim was a cavalryman and had a very fine horse, but provender was awful scarce just then for some reason; all the horses in the regiment were awful thin, and there was no hay or oats in the God-forsaken, corner of the South where the regiment was. Jim used to spend an hour or two a day pulling grass in a weedy old field, all for his darling horse, so one day when he asked his captain whether he couldn't order a bale of hay from the Horth, from his brother who was in the feed business, the Captain said, 'of course. " "Down came the hay in a few days, ex press prepaid, and Jim took it into his own hut and watched it as if it weTe pie; be said he'd trust the boys with anything else he owned, but he wasn't going to trust his horse's food to anybody. Next morning Jim didn't answer to rollcall; neither did his chnm, who lived in the hut with him. The Orderly Sergeant went into the hut and shook 'em, hut 'twas no go they wer as drunk as tramps on election night: and eaah lay buried in the hay, which had been unbaled. Jim sobered enough to feed his horse, but next morning he was drunk again. Everybody wanted to know where he got his liauor, so they could go and do likewise, and when he wouldn't tell they got mad and began to spy on him. They didn't find out, though. A ten-gallon keg of whisky was in the middle of that bale of hay." I "Well, what came of it all?" "Oh, the Captain ordered a bale fust like it for himself." Some Very Mean Men. roTnin!? down the Central Boad a few davs ago a trio of family men, who saw "coming events cast their snaaows Deiore, oegan xo ask points of each other about Christmas presents, and then the conversation turned upon men who are mean even in their pres ent giving. One fellow told of the minister who was given a purse on Christmas on con dition that he should present the contents to the church debt fund. Another gave thi story of the man who gave his little boy a quarter Christmas night, stole it' b;ck be fore morning and then spanked the young ster for losing the money. The third man came out of a brown studv and said: 'That's nothin' to Bill Batch's little game. Bill was a sentimental cuss in his talk, an' could look as big-eyed and melan choly as a canal hoss when there ain't no oats to be hed, so women thought he was lovely, an' he married the finest gal in our township. One of her folks left her some money, an' Bill run through 'fore she could buy as much as a calico dress for herself. After they'd been married a year or two her father died and left her the farm, but Bill run through that, too. in the course of time, for he never done no work but write po'try andholdup thebarof thesaloon. Onedayhis wife's birthday came 'round, an'ther' wa'n't much in the honse to eat, an' she was hackin' her life out with a cough that took her off a spell later. "Well, 'fore Bill slid out of the house for the saloon- he give one of the young uns a letter to give to the mother, an' this was in it: His Birthday Cememhranceu "MtDabliztq Wife I congratulate you on the return of your natal mom. May the sun to-day forget to shine except upon you. and may nature be one grand, exultant smile over the sweetest specimen of her handi work. As a Might token of my affection I present you $100; I inclose $1 of it andwill nand you tne rest wnen iinie1 are uecier. "YorK Lovrao Williax." "Well I'll be blanked!" exclaimed one of the listeners. ""What did she buy with tha dollar?" "Xothin'; Bill forgot to inclose it." Hurrying toward the ferry one night, after siving some recitations in "Williams burg, I was stopped by a small boy with one dirty newspaper under his arm. For once in my life I had a chance to feel big, for that boy was a mere mite; as I looked at him I began to feel as I suppose old Goliath felt when he looked at David and before ha realized that a boy with a sling can do more damage than an army with banners. Tha child had legs like pipe stems, a face like a dirty doll and fingers like the claws of a hawk. "Mister," said he, waving his single paper before me,"wot's the dif'rence 'tween you an' me?" As I hadn't my guessing cap on, I gave it np. "Cause," said he, with another wave of the paper, and passing his hand along tha front of my dress suit, "you're pooty well stocked out in clothes an' I'm pooty well closed out o' stock." So I had to buy the paper. Merrily yours, Marshall P. "Wildes. XKDICAL -SXAHI5ATI0IT 07 SCHOOLS Tha Sprem 1 of Diphtheria and Other Dis eases Might Be Prevented. Health Commissioner Dr. Samuel H. Durgin, of Boston, says the increased prev alence of diphtheria in some of the more thickly settled wards of that city may be due to many things, but thinks not tha least important cause is the absence of med ical inspection of the public schools. There is no doubt that a disease like diphtheria is often propagated iu the public schools. The examining physician would immedi ately detect the danger that the presence of a child ill with a contagious disease would present, and he could take steps to remove the danger. As it stands now it is difficult to see how anything could be done to pre vent the affliction of an entire school by a serious contagious disease. Even any of tha very serious contagious diseases might gain ground, whereas the presence of examiners Would do away with such danger. )0IPIJ1GEH'S HmEricnji Cut Glass FOR THE TABLE Is Perfection. se2WS-su Look for this 2 S trade mark label. 2 i 1 ' ;" ' , v J , i" "v .. ; ' -.'. ". 'v. , - ., - "- 1
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers