7- ' '"V Tt -rA- A CENT A WORD Keeps You Before the Public Through THE DISPATCH. THREE CENTS. THEN AND NOWr Small Ads for Two Months Compared. September. 18U1 5,911 Sams Month 1800... 3,907 Increase, l,944 PITTSBURG-; FRIDAY , , OCTOBER 9. ' 1891-TWELYE PAGES FORTY-SIXTH YEAR Wmtd) w pwm 4gjs WAR OFfflDS Thousands Hear Protec tion's Great Champion Meet Campbell's FREE TRADE FALLACY. Vigorous logic TJpoa the Money Question Thrown in for Good Measure. DETAILS OF THE DEBATE. The Governor Talked Tariff, Ignoring Silver, but the Major Wouldn't Hare It That Way. CHEERS FOE BOTH CANDIDATES, Eut the Veritable Oration Tendered to McKinley Was One ThaS He Can long Eemember Witl! Pride. CAMPBELL MAKES USE OP CHARTS, Aid Gives Lessons in Bootkeeplcg, Ylici Eeeeire Gocd-Sltared Ridicule From th Repub lican EtpmenUtlr. 1HE BEST OF FEELIS5 TBETAILS THEOUGHOUT fTEOM i. STATr COBKESrOSDEXT.l DA, 0.,Oct. 8. Tho great debate between Major McKinley and Governor Campbell KRKtM oyer, a.ne assaults VuSi of the free trade cru sader have been met and answered by the protection champion. It was a decent, en joyable contest. This was the unanimous verdict of the enor mous crowd that heard it. With the break of day the people com menced to swarm into the town, and in a short time the streets were thronged with Democrats and Republicans. It was a mat ter of tossing up a cent as to which candi date had the most followers or the ones with the strongest lungs. There were frequent cheers for Campbell and McKinley, and they were lusty and vigorous. Clubs with bands from both parties came from all over the State. The Brice Club, of Lima, and the Kenton Democrats were out in force. The latter wore plug hats and long linen dusters. The Cincinnati people did not arrive un til after the debate started. The lunch stands and churchwomen who served meals did a rushing business, and the latter made considerable money that will assist them in furthering the cause of religion. McKinley First on the Ground. The candidates did not reach here until noon. McKicley was the first to come, and he was received, as was also the Governor, a few minutes later, with a military salute, Several cannon in the Normal school yard belched forth noise and smoke. This was the signal tor terrific cheers from the partisians The Governor and the Major were escorted in carriages to Presi dent Lehr's house hythestudentsinthe military department, of the school. The young fellow s are well trained, and looked nicely in Pro.LrJir, Who Ar ranged the Debate. their blue suits After luncheon thev were taken to the fair ground, where the debate was held. On the Democratic side I noticed in the crowd Speaker Heiscl, ex-Congressman Yoder, General Sherwood, of Canton, and Dr. J. X. Norton, Chairman of the State Central Committee. Among the prominent Republicans were Congressman-el eet Story, of Cincinnati, J. N. Taylor, the East Liver pool potter and faithful friend of McKin ley, State Auditor Poc and others. The truth is that not many of the reoognized leaders in either party were present The majority of them aro too busy on the stump to attend joint debates, but the rank and file m?de up for their absence. The Nun-Partisan Decorations. A large arch had been erected in front of the Normal I'niversity building by the stu dents. The pictures of Campbell and Mc Kinley hung over the street side by side. On the arch were these non-partisan quota-1 tions: "Education, the hope of the nation," "Discussion, the safety valve of the Repub lic," and "To be chosen by one's compeers is a greater honor than being born a king." Great care was exercised all around to hurt nobody's feelings. Most of the great journals in the country from Chicago to New York and Georgia were represented. This shows what inter est the people of the country is taking in the Ohio contest. Rev. Z. '3. Campbell, of Ada, acted as Chairman. He said he considered it an honor to preside at such a gathering of peo ple from Ohio and the United States. The preacher evidently knew there were some here from beyond the confines of the State. Programme of the Debate. The arrangements made by the execu tive committees were carried out The county :Iiairmen of Hardin of both parties, respectiielv, introduced their candidates. J. M. Vanned performed this task for 1 Mk lilZir.-iii&t A 1M Governor Campbell, and Colonel J. C. Howe for McKinley. The large platform was crowded with Democrats and Repub licans. "When order bad been restored Campbell sat to the right of the table and McKinley occupied a chair on the left. Previous to that both were kept busy for a time acknowledging the applause of the crowd. Large pictures of the debaters rested on easels in prominent places. Camp bell's was framed with twisted hickory, out of honor to old Jackson, I suppose. "Without much ado Mr. Vanfleet related the agreement entered into by the parties. The Governor was to speak for the first hour and five minutes, McKinley was to follow for one hour and SO minutes and the Governor was to have 23 minutes to close. The programme was adhered to, and time was called as Boon as it had expired for each one. Ho Called Him Governor McKinley. In introducing Campbell Vanfleet got a "That prediction is being realized in thU country." little mixed and spoke of the 'Major as Governor McKinley. The Republicans in the crowd were quick to take advantage of this slip of the tongue and pandemonium reigned for a moment. They broke loose and howled like men in battle. Vanfleet, however, recovered himself, and corrected the blunder. "When Campbell arose to speak he was enthusiastically cheered. The Governor struck his familiar attitude on the stump. He has a habit of leaning slightly forward in a confidential way, and with a smile on 'his face and his hands in his pockets he commenced his speech. He confined him self exclusively to a discussion of the tariff from a free trade standpoint During Campbell's speech McKinley listened closely. Occasionally he wonld laugh quietly to himself at some of the Governor's wit The Major's Great Reception. "When the Major's turn cama the crowd was pretty well warmed up. Judging by the prolonged tvpplstise'lthat greeted' him, a stranger would have been led to believe they were all Republicans. Hats were thrown into the air, canes were waved and cheer after cheer startled the atmosphere. The Major discussed the silver and tariff issues. Neither candidate paid much attention to the questions asked, by the other, but fol lowed their prepared speeches closely. "When it was all over both sides claimed a victory. The people must decide that for themselves, after they read the debate. I don't believe a convert was made. Both men were at their best, and the short rest had helped their voices. "When Campbell arose to reply to the Major, the Democrats broke loose for a final eflbrt They were joined by the Repub licans, who yelled for McKinley. The Governor was delayed for fully three minutes. Finally McKinley stood up and aked the crowd to keep quiet, and give the Governor a square deal. Campbell smiled good naturedly, and then made one of his characteristic, witty stump speeches. He made everybody laugh, and the meeting broke up with the best of feeling prevail ing. Iseael. CAMPBELL'S FIRST SPEECH. THE GOVERNOR LEADS OFF IN THE GREAT JOINT DEBATE. His 'Whole Argument Devoted to an Assault Upon tho Protective System A Liberal Use of Charts Some Lessons In Book keeping. rrEOM A STAFF C0RRESP0NT1ENT. Ada, Oct. 8. The Dispatcii's steno graphic and telegraphic facilities were com plete, and it is therefore able to present full reports of the speeches. Here is Camp bell's first effort: The time allotted to open this dobate is so short that it precludes anv introductory re marks. The moments at my disposal are much too few to properly present the in dictment against that overgrown monster who, masquerading in the garb of protec tion, subsists upon the worker and tbo agri culturist Applause. In the gloomiest days of the French revolution Madame Eo land pictesled against tho crimes that were committed in the name of liberty. Wo aro here to-day to protest against tho crimes that are committed in the name of protection. With the enormous increase in living necessities: with, tho daily reductions in tho wages of the working men and women; with the early depreciation in agricultural lands and tho growing unprofitableness of farming I hear the distant music of a Democratic club lroin Cincinnati and another from Lima, but I think I can stand that sufficiently to proceed with our glorious commerce swept from the seas and thai gicat industry abandoned; with the splendid palaces of protected manufacturers crowning the hills, while in the valleys im ported Huns, Italians and Bohemians, 'usurping tho places of American freemen, crouch in their hovels and coworbefo're Tinkerton rifles applause; with the pallid wives and children of starving miners re duced to destitution that production maybe limited and greater proflts flow into tho coffers of the coal baions, already wallow ing In w ealth; with American women in our great cities striving to main tain life and honor upon the miserable sti pend of 13 cents a day, and that, too, in pro tected industries with all these things, and 25,000 citizens of the UnltedStates possessing as much wealth as the remaining 65,000,000 of their fellow countrymen: with thoso who are sometimes -r ell termed "rotten rich" de fying the people and seeking to destroy the country's reputation and honor, who may wage war too vigorously in this causef Ap plause. A Quotation From Abraham Lincoln. Wo lire rapidly reaching a coudition which was picdictcd by Abraham Lincoln in his lat days. With that wonderful foresight tnat characterized hint through life ho ut tered these prophetic woids: "As a result of mu mil iiiuiauuii3 iiiivq ui.oii uiniuuilcu, 1 an era of corruption in high places will fol- I f I '" mn mii i i i 1 1 1 1 ' iu- " ' ' ' ' ' ' ii i ! r in' Wttll ttPWiSlSIIBitla tffoaLjf ill lis Bifi THE SCENE OF low, and the money power will endeavor to prolong its reign until all wealth is aggre gated in the hands of the few, and the Re public is lost." That this is not overstating the case, and that that prediction is being realized in this country, I cite you to the utterances of a Republican Congressman from Ohio, who upon the floor of the"House in the debate upon the McKinley bill (and it was Ben Butterwortb, whose successor I see upon this platform), said-that he "could upon the ten fingers of his, two hands name or count-the men who had addedmore to their wealth in the last ten years than had been added to the wealth of all the agricul turists In any State in the Union." Ap plause. ' I have the authority of the American Econ omist that In 1833 the number of people in the united states who owned their own homes had in 25 years fallen from flve-oighths to three-eighths. How many years wilL it take for them, to fall to one-eighth or one thousandth? History is not without lessons in this regard. I quota from the Progress, a Eubllcation printed In Boston: "When gypt went down, 2 per cent or her people owned 97 per cent of her wealth; the people were starving to death. Wen Babylon went down, 2 per cent of her population owned all the wealth; the people wore starved to death. When Persia went down, sw wu v ui tuu jjwj ujutauia j n niu uuu iuuu and when Home went down, 1,800 men owned' an the .known world." The Chance of forty Tears. In 1850 in this country the capitalists owned S1U per cent of her wealth; to-day they own more than twice that amount of her wealth. Have they been more honest, more industrious, more enterprising; hove they deserved better at the hands or "ProviaencQ or - of their fellow countrymen than the fanners, and the wage workers, or even the lawyers or doc tors and the preachers? Applause. let to him who goes before the peopleand without comment, without temper, points to these facts that are statistical and undisputed tho only answer that can bo made is to sneer at him as a "calamity croaker." Applause. And when they want to emphasize it, for want of better argument, they spell "calam ity" and "croaker" each with a K. Ap plause. I will read you. as apropos to that an ex tract from another "calamity croaker." This particular "calamity croaker" is Brad street's, which is accepted in this oountry by every bnslness man as a perfectly fair jour- "The Republican party stands, therefore, for a dollar worth JOO cents." nal of trado, finance and public economy. This is what Bradstreet says. Ho croaks a little, too. The article is headed, "Largely Increased Failures and Liabilities." The total number of mercantile failures in the United States for nine months of 1891 (that is tho present year, andtheflrstnlnemonths under our pieient exorbitant tariff), wero 8,666 as compared with 7,538 under a like por tion or 1890; a gain or 1,328, or 17 percent. Now, Major McKinley said, it be is reported correctly, when he accepted the nomination for Congress in 1890 that If his bill passed the Senate (it had already passed the House), this country would witness a boom more marvelous than it had ever known. I pauso to ask where is that boom? Ap-. plause. Both the Candidates Farmers. With ciops tho most abundant that we have had iu ten yoara (Noise on the out side Tho boys out there have Just heard of this. Applause.), with drought, and blight and famine abroad, to give us a market for these crops because there is no homo market for the surplus, if we farmess are pulled but of the drag a little, and the Major and I are both farmers (applause), laugh, but our competition will not ruin tne industry; you need not be afraid of that (laughter), if wo are pulled out of the "Slough of Despond" this year it is not from Drosperity In the United States of America. It is from the act of Piovidenco that gives us for once a great market abroad. Wero it not for that the unprecedented failures in business in 1891 nuder this beneficent tariff would, be a great deal worse than thev are. Now, my friends, one of the causes, at least, and the greatest, of the depression and lailuresof the present season is because we are paying too mnch taxes. Now the tariff is a tax. In order that I mav not make a mistake upon that proposition, I will read von an extract from a speech niado on May 5, 18SS, in the city of Philadelphia by Major McKinley, in which he said: ' "Now, what is a duty? what is a tariff? Why, I am not afraid of the word; it is a tax applause, and -it is a tax put upon foreign goods that are brought into the United States'' applause, hut subsequently, and I quote lrom his speech now at Miliersburg last year, and It is substantially the same as the speeches he makes this year in this resnect laughter, he gives., his view as to who pjtys this tax, nnul think I can demonstrate he is mis taken. I shall try. He says: "It is said the mm imm THE JOINT DEBATE ON THE ADA Republican protective tariff Tints burdens upon the people." Well, we have said it, that is true: we are going to keep on saying it The Major also said then: "There is not a man in this aadience knows anything abou it, for he does not feel the weight of Federal taxation. This tax is not paid by the consumer." Quoting Authorities on Taxation. The Major says the tax is not paid by the consumer, I will quote an authority or two against the Major, and then I will open a sobool of book-keeping, and see if I cannot, show who pays toe tax by the double entry system. In tho first place, the Supreme Conrt of the United, States has said who pays the tax. That is the highest law au thority in the land, and in the case of Brown vs. the State of Maryland they unanimously announced that a duty on imports is a' tax that is paid by the consumer. Now, In order to settle tnis question, onr menu an.u sena tor John 8herman held a' little correspond ence, whichis interesting, and which I will read. On the 19th of December. 18S1, he wroto this letter to the Hon. William A. Richardson: "Sir: My experience in the Treasury convinced tne of the great im portance, both to the United States and to private litigates of tho organization of a tribunal to try customs eases, or of transfer ring Jurisdiction of such cases to the court of claims." It may be remarked here that Judge Richardson was then a judge of that court And he adds: "Your experience as Secretary of the Treasury, and Assistant Secretary, together with your experience as a Judge of the Court of Claims, -pill enable you to giyo to Congress important Information, both as to the necessity of such a tribunal and the best tnode of t ecuting it." So they were seeking to estaDlish somo tribunal where numerous, customs' cases of the United States could be tried. End Mr. Richardson, who is appealed to by John SliH-csan as tbo jrrestcM authority In the .land, says -in his reply: "Moreover, tho general public (that is you) who aro purchasers and consumers of im ported goods, are not only interested in the lates ot duty, charged, but aie among the actual sufferers by the present uncertainty and delay. If the Collector exacts the high est possible duty upon any class of goods, the importer adds it tp the cost of the goods, , and the consumer pays it." (Applause.) A Little Lesson In Bookkeeping. Now, if you are not double-entry book keepers, any of yon, I will say to you that double-entry bookkeeping is the simplest thing in tue world. You credit what comes into yopr store and you debit what goes out Now, here is the American importer, who goo to England and buys $5,000 worth of goods. The average rate of duty on duti able goods under the present tariff is about fcO per cent. Aud we will assume, instead of buying very high-prloed goods, which aro 150 per cent, he buys those that are'about an average. Ho gets his merchandise and he pays cash. Now, tho first entry to tho right he credits cash by tho $5,000 that he pays out. and to balance lila books be charecs merchandise with tho $5,000 or cash, here upon the left, that he pays out. That bal ances bis books to that pom i. But when he gets his goods in tho New York Custom House the collector says: "Your goods are herei' "Yes?' "Wn'oareyou?" "Well, I am a merchant out in Ohio." "A Republican, are you?" "Yes." "Well, I am glad to see you," and they shake hands over their Republicanism Laughter. And tho merchant says: "I have bought $5,000 worth of goods and they are here, and Major McKinley tells me that the foreigner paj-s this tax. You give me. tnegooas ana go ana conecc your tax on a foreigner." Laughter. 1 want you to' understand you are wasting valuable time when you cheer me; I only have an hour and five minutes and I have lots of things to tell.) "No, no," says the collector, "you give me $3,000 and you can take your goods." He pays out his $3,000 lor merchandise, and he know s what ho paid it for. He credits his cash to the $3,000 ho pays out and he chaigcs mcichaudise with the $3,000 cash. He has paid out $8,000, and hisbooks balance. If there is any ciror in those entries I would ask the Major to correct them. Now, put up No. 2 (referring to chart No. 2, which was hoisted hefoie tho people), now, you see there, he has credited his cash with $5,000 worth of goods and $3,000 for duties, but if he only charges merchandise with the $5,000 that he paid in England he has got another account to open of "prpflt and loss,"" and he has Just lost $3,000 for the privilege of -bring-ing these goods over here. A Liberal Use of Charts. There Is no flaw In that account If he does not charge it to merchandise, be has got to chaige it to profit and loss, and the merchant in Hardin county who wouldbring over a lot of goods hero for the avowed pur pose of losing $3,000 would'be clapped in a lunatic asylum by bis friends, and he ought to be. Laughter. Now, put up No. 3 (and No. 3 chart was hoiste'd). Now, there Is the condition of the importer's ledger, if the foreigner pays the tax. If the foreigner pays the tax and the importer pays $5,000 for his goods in England, and brings them in free beoause the tax has been paid by some bodv else.well.if that bo true don't you hide' my diagram with Brice'a picture (leferring to banner with picture, which covered the chart). Brice is all right, but he doesn't want to interfere with me when I am keoping school. If that entry be true, and that is the entrv that would be made If the foieigner pays the tax, then the goods come In Jree, and we have free trade. I ask any book keeper in the audience if that is not tho proper entry, if the foreigner piys the tax, and if the goods come into this country at the English price without cost to the im porter. Then wo don't have,llttle one-hoi se reciprocity with some colored republics down in the South, but we have free trade with England and with the world. Ap plause. I simply want to demonstrate it in away that cannot be met, because these are the entriep that must go upon the importeis' books, if ho charges the tax, and he must add it to the co3t of the goods before they go into tue minus oi niBwnoiesaier, ana soon through to the retailer and to the poople. Taking Up the Glass Feature. An instance of this I cite you. It is about duty on plate glass. Now my friend, the Major, will take a tumbler like that, (hold ing a tumbler in his hand), arid he will tell you how much more the duty is than the sell ing priqe in England. That is an American tumbler, and the duty is made prohibitive upon some classes of goods, but when it comes to plate glass, although we have 'made the duty somewhere in the neighbor hood of 100 per cent, ye t wo do import it, and FAIR GROUSDS. last year we imported $160,000 worth of plate glass. That's the value or glass in Eneland, and as it appeared on the books of the im porter, bat upon that glass there was paid into tho Treasury of the United States $223, 000, or $63,000 more than the cost 'of the glass in England. Now, who paid thatrtaxf Did the. importer give you the glass Candid the English manufacturer eJ . j the 'glass and nav $63,000 besides? ' a a. I cite the case of sugar, ana ", 'Mv Limbiue tanu on sugar is u reveu 'a: 'Q ana tnat orner autieB maae ir pru ty j s aeaa level on glass, tfen knives ana Ore not paid by tho consumer, although, y. ,cket knives why, since the Major passed admit that the sugar tax was. Now, the.Jv'-Vj, u "?ill the pocket cutlery men have met a duty laid to nrotect plate slass manuia. turers of this country. The duties are 110 per cent upon the 100 per cent of cost in England, and I read this item from a news paper: "Last week a Chicago firm received $1,400 worth of pearl buttons from Austria, ana tnat was tne nrst importation ot pear buttons since the McKinley bill went into effect The duty on those buttons was just $3,000 a trifle over 200 per cent." Now, who paid that duty? Did the foreiarn manufacturer pay the United States"$3,000 for the privilege of sending $1,400 worth of buttons to us? There Is a clause in the Mc Kinley bill that provides that 99 per cent of the duties paid on some articles shall bo re funded, providad those articles are exported. Have Heard of Tin Before. Under that provision tho Standard Oil Company imported last year into the United Stateis the article of tin you have heard of tin before. Laughter. They paid more than $1,250,000 tax duty upon that tin. If they did not, If the foreigner paid that duty, then, tho United States has put its hand into our pockets and presented the Standard OJI Company with $1,350,000 of our money, because they tiled, their draw backs in the United, States Treasury and showed that the tin was used in packages to 'export their ., products abroad, 'and tho money that was paid" by somebody at the Custom House'in New York was repaid from the Federal Treasury at Washington into tho coffers of the Standard Oil Company. Now, if a foreignerpaid the tax,- how does it come that the Standard Oil Company got the money? Laughter, This book-keeping hero (referriug to charts,) demonstrated that the consumer paid tho tax, and that the foreigner does not pay the tax. Now, when the Major comes to speak, I want him to show if the con sumer does not pav It, how there came to go into the Federal Treasury last year moro than $200,000,000 collected at Custom. Houses, and that is not all the tax you pay. Tho $10,000,000, more or less, that you pay at tho Custom House is a small per cent of tho taxes that you pay under a high protective tariff. There wero manufactured in this country last year $5,500,000,000 of manufact ured goods, but if the tariff upon dutiable goods at 60 per cent, it is iair to presume, that taking protected and unprotected in dustries together that at least one-third of that sum was paid in duties, or rather paid to the manufacturer at borne, in lieu of duties upon the American product. Twenty per cent ef that $5,500,000,000 would be $1,100,000,000. Mills, of Texas, as an Authority. The estimate of Mr. Mills, who is an, ex pert on thoso things and has made it a long study, is $1,200,000,000, but taking the lower of the two, you have not alone t pay $220,000, 000 of revenue to the Government, but you havo paid that much, amounting to $1,100, 000,000 of revenue to the protected manufact urers. Now, why is this done? It is said to bo done, first, for the upbuilding and main tenance of manufacturers. How long, oh, "The only answer that can be made is to sneer at him as a 'calamity croaker.' " Lord, how long shall this maintenance and upbuilding go on. A voice, -for all time. Why, it won't stop with eternity. I will tell you wjion it oucht to havo stopped on some of the articles that are most highly protected under the McKinlev bill, and, as there are a good many Republi cans present, I wilt not tell you on my own account, but I will read you an extraetfrom a letter written by James G. Blaine. Re publican applause. On the 10th of June, 1888, he wiote: "Nevertheless facts are stubborn things, and the hard figures of arithmetic cannot be satisfactorily answered by the airy figures of speeoh." I want you to remember that when the Major attempts to explain this bookkeeping, the truth re mains that the coarser description of cot tons and cotton prints, boots and shoes, ordinary household furniture, harness for draft animals, agricultural implements of nil kinds (I nope tbo farmers have both cars open), door, sashe and blinds, looks, bolts and lunges, silverware (the larmcr need not bother about that), plated waie, ordinary Eaper and paper hangings; common ve Icles, ordinary wtnaowgliissandglnsswaie, rubber goods, coal oils, lard oils, kerosene, white lead (they have a trust on that), lead pipe and articles in which lead is a chlor component, can be and are produced as cheaply in tho United States as in any Part of the world. Trying to Tie Blaine's Thunder. Well, If so, I will call your attention to tho length of time and tho amount of protection that these infant industries have had and are getting now an active and tender in fant of 103 years don't be troubled, he will bo a good deal older t nan that if the theory of protection in voaue this" day is not changed. Flint and pressed glassware; which includes common tumblers and glass dishes like this, have been taxed since 178S one of your in fants here. The duty under the tariffofl8S3 was 40 per cent, but Major McKinley raised to 60, although Mr. Blaine said, seven years ago that it could be produced as cheaply in this country as anywheie in the world, and as a matter of fact, has not any competition iworth speaking of upon that kind of ware. It is made cheaper hero than anywhere, and It is shipped from hero nil over the world, and yet So percent was added to protect it against compction which does not exist. Glass lamp chimneys have been taxed ever since they have been made. I thank God they did not have glass chimneys 100 years ago or they would have begun on - S'otW Jillllllllft, Wz0 "In God's name, tchat is England making such a fuss about t" I them then. They paid from 40 to 45 per cent I mioco; uie juujorraisea it ip ou; ne wanteu ca --nce to tnree times a montn to organ- 7.'utc iu Luieo kuuea u monui 10 orgHXl- TA aise the prices, and why? because, S' &that modest industry has been 4 prv ry- . "nee 1792 it is only 99 years old, that; ft. pillow by act of 18S3 was taxed to 50, buK the McKinley biU from 71 to 115 per ceo.; and table knives and lories and larger cutlery In proportion. Sticking to the Maine Man. Cotton cloth, that Mr. Blaine says can be made as cheap as anywhere in the world why we raise cotton here, we ought to make it as cheap as they can carry it across to England and weave it and bring it back has been taxed since 1790, 101 years. Under the tariff of IS83 the duty was raised from 40 to 55, and under the McKinley bill from 45 to 62, and so with all cloth made with cotton, and a cotton suit that cqpts $10 50 pays $3 67 tax under the McKinley bill. That $3 67 is to protect American labor. The only trouble ,is that the tariff is $3 67 and the whole labor cost is only $1 65. And oil cloth, taxed since 1624, was raised from 40 to 90, and all these nice little things that women like, etchings, embroideries, minings, ruohlngs, (I hopo the ladies are listening to this, because you know John Sherman says "the women got up that com motion in Kansas," they may get up one TicnVVtbose 'which' used to "be ttspd. froix 30 to 35 and 40 are now put up lo &). and the woolen 'manufacturers, which have been taxed sinco 1813 by schedule, woolen clothing of various kinds, shawls and blantfets, have been raised; the dutv on the lewest grade of blankets was 72 in 1883, but is increased to 91 by the McKinley bill, and the duty on the highest grade of blankets was 69 and it is raised to 71 only. The ohean blanket has been raised from 72 to 91 per cent, a raise of. ia per oent, ana tne uear Dianset lias Deen raised only 2 per cent. That is also on ac count of labor that is to be protected, be cause on a pair of five-pound blankets costing $2.50 the labor cost is 35 cents, and is protected under the McKinlev tariff to the I. amount of $2.28. That is to equalizo the cost onanor uetwoen uiis country ana .ungiana.' And so with nannels. Gain; Through the Schedules. Perhaps, however, the duty on carpets and the increase is as onerous and as iniquitous as any. Expensive carpets, axmlnster car pets, are put up from 49 to 65, while cheaper carpets and druggets are put up from 40 to 80 and 84, and yet carpets have been taxed sinco 1790, save and except 15 years of Demo cratic low tariff between 1846 and 1861, when they were not taxed at all. Now, what has been the result? Something has happened in this country as a result of the increase of taxation. At the close of the War when wo had taxed everything that could be seen or felt or thought of, when we were willing to be tixed, when no questions were asked, when a member could rise in his seat and make a proposition that would inci ease the revenues of the Government and nobody cared what it was on, because the Union was in danger, and tho first thing was to keep our armies in the field 'and maintain the Federal Government; and when it was all over wo had only gotten up to 30 per cent taxation upon auname imports. In the 25 years that have passed since the War we have raised that 20 per cent; we raised it from 30 to 47 and under Major Mc Kinlcy's bill from 47 to 60, so that in those years we Jiave doubled the taxation through the tariff upon goods brought into this coun try. Now who has been benefited by it? What have the farmers of Ohio, to start with, got out of this taxation? I have here the certificate, from the Secretary of tho Board of Equalization, and he shows that in ten years the appraised value of farm lands in Ohio has depreciated $93,000,000. Ninety eight millions upon an appraisement of per haps one-half the actual value, or double that amount. Two hundred millions in round figures have gone lrom the farmers of the State of Ohio in ten years, and where has it gone? Have other classes suffered alike? A voice Carnegie hai it Governor Campbell Carnegie has" $30,030,000 of it; ha has got his share. Making Use of Census Keports. I also hold a report from Robert P. Porter, the Republican Superintendent of the Cen sus, in which he shows that in those ten years the State of Ohio, not the farmers, but somebody else in Ohio, has increased iu wealth $243,000,000. The share of tho farmers of Ohio in that 243,COO,O0O shonld have cer tainly been two-thirds, or $160,000,000. Have you got it? 13 there a farmer within the s6und of my voice who is better oft to-day than he was in 1S80? (A voice "t es, Gov ernor Campbell.) Where is he? I would like to see him. (Cries of "Here!" "Herel") Applause. Yes, that is right. A farmer in iront of me says: "Yes, tho farmer is better off in that he has more mortgages and has seen moie Sheriff's sales." Applause. I state it as a fact that not one farmer in a thousand in Ohio is as well off to-day as he was in 180. Cries oi rigni. j J-ne ap praisement shows It A voice-"Tliat's a tact" Yau have 200,000,000 in tho value of your lands and buildings. Where has it gone? And where is the 160,000,000 that be longs to vou as your ratible shaie of the in crease? 'Three hundred and sixty millions have gone from the farmers of Ohio. It is true, the Major says: "They don't feel the tariff taxation; they don't know when they pay it A Comparison or Ten Years. That is tho truth. But they feel It now when they compare their condition now with their condition ten years ago. They may not know it You go and buy a bill of goods. Half the bill Is tariff, and the other is goods. And it is that insidious form of taxation that is sapping the stiength out of the farmer and the wage worker in this coun try. Pat the taxes at him. Let him walk into the store and lay down a dollar for goods and a dollar for taxes, and then he will have the tariff revised in the interest of the men who labor, and not in the interest or the men who have become overgrown and rich by act of legislation. What the farmer has lost is small com paicdwith what the wnge-woiker has lost, gentlomen. Some of you farmers think von have been getting rich in the last ten years. Now let the woiklngmen stand up. Last Ontnhftr tiio tiTiffin tUia nnnntrv was raised from 47 to CO per cent for the avowed pur- j pose of benefiting labor and increasing its compensation. Now got up here, all of you, every laboring man, who baa bad his wages increased since the McKinley bill passed. 'Stand up and let mo count them. Applausa and cries or "Good." And when tbeMaJor comes to reply I want him to tell this audi ence where, these workingmen are who have got better wages under his tariff. He can't da it. f Armltuise. 1 I have been all over .the-State nearly and. I bave not found one. Alleged Redaction or "Wages. I will tell you a few who have not In this country there have been more than 300 great establishments' woiking thousands of men and women, who have reduced their wages since the passage of the McKinley bill, and I don't know one that has Increased them. Applause. lake. If you please, the iron and steel industries. There have been more strikes, which were unsuccessful, and where wage workers had to go back and succumb, or starve, since the passago of thffMcKinley bill, than In three years before. I hold in. my hand a list of 30 great establishments is this country, including the gentleman who was named a while ago, Mr. Carnegie's pface, working 36,300 men, in which organ ized labor is banished, in which even the great association, the Amalgamated Asso ciation of Iron and Steel -Workers, that they seduced Into trying to get a tariff on tin to raise their wages, and in these establish ments organization is not permitted. And L ask. the Major now, and ask him to answer here, whether he upholds the banishment of organized labor from the great factories of the country. Applause. And take the glass industry. Why, I got into a great deal of trouble with the glass makers at Piqua aboubmy Sidney speech. I told a little more truth about them than was judicious, in their judgment I said that the United States Glass Company, which had been organized since the passage of the McKinley bill had thrown out of em ployment already more than 500 men and will ultimately throw out of employment more than 1,060 men. T said they were a trust I say now they are a trust They are a trust by their own, confession. They say they are not a trust Well, what did you consolidate for? Why to reduce expenses, to control the product Ob, no, they are not a trust Trusts Are- Unpopular. They do not call themselves a trust, be cause trust is an unpopular word in, this country, and it is a word that was not In the dictionary when we bad the low tariff era In Democratic days, before the war. Ap plause. And the trouble with me was be cause I said 1,000 mold-makers would be thrown butof employment They were greatly exercised about that Now I will make that lle.ar. There will not be 1,009 mold-makers tbrdwn out of employment, but suppose you were to say: "There is astriko among the bricklayers in the city of Cincin nati and 1.000 of them will be thrown out of employment, and when, you came to figure up there were 1,000 men thrown out of em ployment, and some were bricklayers and .some were 'mortar-mixers, or helpers, and "II is undoubtedly a wise pollcij to ghe as much employment as possible to our own people." some were hod-carriers. That would make a great deal of difference to the fellow whose family was starving to death, whether they called him a bricklayer or hod-carrier. Ap plause. And those poor devils in that glass fac tory, in this trust whose product has been increased in protection by this bill, it is a great deal of comfort to them to know that I called them all moldmakers instead of specifying particularly what each man did. The wages of poverty will be enjoyed by him much better for knowing that I had to coi-rectTjhat statement The prospectus of that company I have here on this tablo. It shows their property is uppn the tax duplicate for $431,000. and that their annual profits sworn to by them in the prospectus are $323,000. Thinks tho Profit Too Large. Tbey aro only making 74 per cent a year, and we bad to protect them against the pauper labor of Europe, and when they get that protection through the McKinley bill they proceed to protect themselves by cut ting off a lot of their men, and thoy have capitalized their conrorn at $4,000,000. That is $3,000,000 profit at one clip. And the win dow glass men have had a great deal of complaints to make of me. Why, if there is an industry in thfe country that Is a parody on American labor, it is the manufacture of window glass. Go over here to Tiffin, Fos toria and Findlay and see them make tho window glass mostly Belgians, unnatural ized aliens, who come Into Castle Garden at New York without tax or hindrance. Cries of "correct" They do not spend the money they save in this oountry. They won't teach an Ameri can boy their trade. I would put a pro hibitive tariff, if I had my way, on some things, and the first thing I would put it on is on alien, who comes here without the in tention to become an American citizen and displaces an American. Applause. Here time was called on the Governor's first speech. JI'KINLEY'S GREAT EFFORT. PEOTECTION AND HONEST MONEY ABLY REPRESENTED. The Free Silver Fad First Exploded, and Then the Free Trade Fallacy Exposed Sound Logic Pelted Again jt the Demo cratic Buncombe The Speech in Full. FSOH X STAFF COBRISFOJJDIXT.J Ada, O., Oct 8. When the tremendous ovation that greeted Major McKinley had partially subsided he spoke as follows: Mr. President and My Fellow Citizens: It gives me very great pleasure to mee my fellow citizens of Ohio, and it gives me special pleasure that Governor Campbell and myself, whq for the moment represent the great parties in unio, can meet u pun mo samo platform to present before the same audience the causes which we respectively represent The Issues between its and be tween the parties for which for the moment we stand are fixed not by ourselves, but by the platforms of our respective parties. There are two of them which I propose on the time I shall occupy to present to this as sembled multitude. One of them Is the question of silver and the other is the question of taxation. The one relates to the standard with which we shall measure our exobanges and our labor with each other and with the rest of the world, and the other relates to the sub ject and the method of taxation, by which wo shall raise the needed revenues for pub lic purposes. The Silver Fad Exploded. It is on the question or silver the Demo cratlo platorm,or Ohio has declared with out qualification for the free and nnlimited. coinage of the silver of the world, as freely as gold is now co(ned, and upon the ratios fixed by public law. The Republican party stands opposed to free and unlimited coin age of silver under existing conditions, and insists that they cannot be safely done until tho great, commercial nation ...;aJVr.&fi-8..At-Wf-... r,sv:-i :M '.:.? '& I-
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