A REVIEW OF SPORTS. Some Bad Features of the Fickle ness of the Patrons of the Rational Game. TJIE EVILS OF OVERMANAGEHENT- A Few Words About the Chances of the Yarious Teams in the National League Pennant Race. SEIXIVAX'S OPINIONS OF COKBETT. Hall and Fitiiimmons Contest, Trotting rrospects and Xrofctjuonal Sculling Discasscd. There Jias been so little out of the ordi nary during the week as far as sporting matter"! are concerned that it is difficult to get hold cf anything that promises to be of ulheicut interest to talk about. Of course j rtcrday was a great day for events of al most every kind, but there was nothing of an extraordinary kind. But during the week we Lave been reminded once more of tlie fact that baseball can still command the p.itrouage of the American people, and it is vafe to tay that whatever may be the sym pathies and affinities of other nationalities for their national sport, there is not a na tional i-port of any kind that commands "lore enthusiasm than does baseball in this Miuntry. True, during the last few weeks Jicre has been much to discourage the )Mtron of the rittsburg team, but amid all this it is pleasing to note that the following of the team is still very great, and that if things go at all well the club will come out tar ahead on the season. I sometimes think that there is nothing or nobody so fickle 39 the patrons of baseball, and it is a fact that thi-. fickleness obtains in almost every city alike. To-day an entire team, or part of it, may be hailed with the wildest of enthusi asm and with the loudest shouts of joy, and to-morrow that self-same hero -will be, meta phorically speaking, trampled in the dust iy that "sell-same erowd. In short, the fickleness of baseball patrons in this respect M-rv pointedly reminds us of that event in history where a crowd one day bestrewed the path of their hero with palms and the next lav killed him. It is this feature in base ball that makes it so uncertain for every body concerned, and while this uncertainty tuay have some good points about it, there .ire some very bad ones surrounding it, both for plavers and stockholders. It is this very changeable and impetuous leeling of baseball patrons that causes many a good nun to be dispensed with before his real worth has been aetualh proven, and it is this same feeling or characteristic that so unnerves many players that it is impossible 'or them to do anything like their best. Of -ourse, if the public would now and then stop to think a little about the matter things would be different, because it would soon be seen that the making of offensive and public demonstrations of disapprobation of a play ei 's work is no way to improve matters. Words of praise or an v sign ol appro al of a player's work on a ball field will help that pijyer to do better, but depend upon it, in sulting remarks to him for poor work will only make matters worM: than they ever t.erc. It Applies to the Home Team. AVhv I have made the abo e expressions is t-o show that this ficklenes in question is one of the dangers which the Pittsburg -!ub, like all others, has to contend with, and in a great measure the success of the tram depends upon it. I am sure that some people cannot but regret their insulting signs of disapproval of the work ot one or wo local players not long ago; they are bound to rezrrt it because these very play- r.s liave recently shone forth in great lus ter, and this fact should alw a a" make us tjry careful. True, some people will tell iav thai baseball patrons who hiss and jeer ,il.jyers, even though the latter are doing i heir -very best, hate not intelligence or manhood enough to regret the doing of an injury. I am not going to argue that ques tion and I will leae it for my readers to :'nrm their own opinions about it. But while it is something like a necessity to keep the patrons of a game all right it is Hii-t as much a necessity to keep the players .ibo in command and also in "touch" with the public, "vt'e have seen, even in Pitts burg, that where discontent operates iu a nail team what we call glorious success niay not be expected, and the recent lessons sh u in this respect ought to enable our tocal magnates to steer clear of similar uoubles in ftituie. There is no doubt whatever of the fart that our team has been Eufleriug from o ermanagement. 1 don't think that is the case now, but it was the case, and when there is over management it is quite natural to expect a .lissattsfied lot of players. And there can be o ermanagement without scarcely any body knowing it. There is nothing to pre vent w hat is known as a superior official making a "suggestion" or a "request"to .mother official w ho is not superior. This lesser light has the unpleasant duty to per lerm of putting his '"suggestion" or "re iu st" into operation, and thus he becomes .lie target The "superior" is the unseen hand, and it is possible, aye even probable, tint he acts openly in a way designed to invince the players that he is not at all any party to these "requests," etc He .nrv and talks in a manner that says to 'lie players: "I'm your friend; not Short." , this is the very worst type of over snaiiagement; it is tlie most ruinous that I know of, because it is so clandestine in its uitnre that before it is thoioughly discov- red dissatisfaction has secured such a nnn hold that it is very difficult indeed to separate it. 1 believe :hat baseball players are like the balance of ns in one respect at least, viz., that they not only like their orders direct but that they are at all times wishful to know from whom these orders, or we may call them "rt quests," spring. Be an order never so iiesome or unpleasant our mental anxiety regarding it is very much lessened when we know who really is the author of the order. V 11, then all this means that the directors ol the local club should resolve to have .inly one manager for their team and have vi rvthing like clandestine wire-pulling abolished. One or Two IMeasing Feature. But while there may be one or two un pleasant matters to deal with, there are also trie or two of a very pleasant nature. Dur ing the week our team have demonstrated the fat t that they can play ball of a very excellent character. "While it is true that the plajers are not entirely re-t-overtd from their injuries and sick nesses, it is also a fact that those who hae kept in harness have done nobly duriog the week. I'm sure the cranks and fans can not but feel delighted at the great work done by King and Baldwin. For the first time tliis season King has shown what he can do when ho is in form, aud if he can kecji in that form and if Mark Baldwin can also keep up his good work the pair, along with Old Sport Galvin, are quite sufficient to keep matters going on successfully. There is still a desire among the club offi cials to experiment with new placers. There is a pre ailing opinion to the effect that if they would thoroughly utilize the material they now have no new men would be necessary at all. To some extent time will tell whether or not it was a mistake to release Browning so suddenly. True, he was not playing as he used to piay, but it does seem very strange to me that Pete was released so suddenly. There was :i time, and not yery long ago, when he w as striking out about three times and four times a day. He was not hitting the ball at all, and he was signed to hit the balL He began to improve in his batting, and did improve 60 much that for many games before he was released he had two or more hits a game. Just at that stage he was re leased. It now remains to be seen how our team will be improved by the change. But whatever the result may "be I am inclined to think that better fielders than Browning or Maul are not picked up at every turning of the road. Of course, I am aware that everybody connected with the club is doing his best to make a success of it; but I don't think we need look far beneath the surface to find that there is invariably an over-dose of theory in the club's transactions. Some men may be equipped to advocate the theory of anything, but most assuredly the carrying out of the practical is quite "another matter. "While a gentle man of Micawber's oratorical talents and characteristics would undoubtedly make a success of Mrs. Jarley's waxwork show he would not be the man to manage and pro nounce upon the practical affairs of a base ball team. What we need mostly is practi cal men to manage practical affairs, and when that is not the case we may always look out for trouble. The league Pennant Kace. Still the struggle for the National League pennant is as exciting as it ever was. Prob ably there never was such a close contest, that is for the contest to last such a long time. Of course the end is very far off yet and none of us can tell how matters will end. But I still pin my faith to the Kew York team, while for the time being every thing is favorable for the Chicagos. I mean the New Yorks will be away from home for two weeks or so. Still it is safe to say that the Xew York team will do much better this trip than they did last, and I will not be wide of the mark in saying that had mis fortunes not befallen the Giants so thick aud fast during the early part of the season they would have been far in the lead now. Lately they have been hampered more or less again with difficul ties and they are not in my way of thinking in as good condition as they were when the "Western teams w ere East. Still they are a very strong team and I see no reason why I should change my mind regarding their chances of victory! Anson is certainly mak ing a wonderful struggle with his team and I dare say every lover of baseball will be glad to know it. "While it may be true that his team are putting up a strong game, I will be surprised if they can hold their own from now on against Xew "Vork, Boston, Brooklyn and even Pittsburg. Many things lead me to believe that the Boston team are a lot w ho will be very hard to down. There are some excellent players in that team and it is, indeed, difficult -to see how they can finish below second place. In Clarkson and Nichols there are two pitchers who are hard to beat and if they can keep all right very few people w ill beat Boston. Philadelphia con tinues to be the very uncertain,and very in teresting factor in the racethatithasalways been. It is hard to tell where the Phillies will land. "While there is a little prospect of their getting to the top it is hard to say in wnat position tneywiu nnisn. it may be a great race between them and the Brook lyns. The Clevelands continue to play a very plucky game, but it seems to me that they won't hold out, and that the sluggers of Pittsburg will beat them out; indeed, if the Pittsburgs could play in their form steadily from now on, they would finish very near the top. But they are an uncer tain lot. The Cincinuatis, 1 tear, because of internal dissensions, are destined for last plate. The Professional Scullers. The announcement published iu the news papers the other day to the effect that Mc Lean, the Australian, and Peterson, of the Pacific Coast, ha e been matched to row a sculler's race, brings professional sculling once more before our notice. 1 confess that 1 w as very much surprised to learn that Mc Lean was going to row a man of Peterson's class, or rather that Peterson was going to row a man of McLean's class. Of course, I say this assuming that the Australian scullers are as good as we are, or have been leu to believe they are. Peterson has not jet, and I don't think ever will prove hini selt worthy of being ranked among our first class men here, tliat is such men as Hanlan, Gaudaur, Teemer and O'Connor. "We all know that McLean has proven him self & very great sculler in Aus tralia although" he was defeated lately. But I am not, indeed, concerned about the proposed race betwean McLean and Peterson any lurther than it holds out a hope to us that w e w ill finally get an Aus tralian sculler here, and one who' will, if he rows here, give Us some idea of the staudard of sculling in Australia. This we have not had since perhaps we had Trickett here. But I don't hesitate to say that there is a better class of scullers in Australia now than there was in Trikett's time, and there certainly are much better scullers here now than there were then. But I want to point out that if a sculler like Peterson has any thing like a reasonable chance to defeat McLean, I don't think the best sculler in Australia can come here and defeat the best rower that can be found. I don't want to be understood as meaning that the standard of Australia's sculling is below the standard of sculling in America; not at all. Svhat I definitely menu is that I would like to see the best sculler that our friends from down under can produce come to this country and row the best sculler that we can find. It seems to me that the Australian scull ers of to-day are not so anxious to leave their native heath as were the former scullers of that country. I can remember when sculling in Australia was nothing at all compared to what it is now, and yet Green and Everson were sent abroad to try and w in laurels for the country. "Whenever an Australian comes here depend upon it he will win lots of money if he defeats our best man. And this reminds me that something should be done in the meantime to see who really is the best sculler we have. Of course I include our neighbors, the Canadians. Tlie Grand Circuit Races. Next week the races of the Grand Circuit will be inaugurated for this year in this city. There is always something interest ing in the Grand Circuit events, mostly, 1 think, because these 'events in the trotting horse world are looked upon as something classic The very best trotting and pacing blood in the world is to be found in the Grand Circuit, and that means a great deal; and allow me to remark that when I say the whole world I mean it. Well, the inaugural meeting of that circuit is the meeting at Pittsburg, and I am told that the prospects of a great meeting were never brighter in the history of the local track. Everybody at all interested in trotting and trotters knows that the number and quality of the horses this year are better than ever and that more than one very good authority thinks that even the remarkable records of the present time will be lowered. But whether there is any record breaking or not, it is safe to say that there will be some wonderful going. The circuit classes are all well arranged and there is bound to be some phenomenal rac ing. The directors of the local track are leaving no stone unturned to mak'e their meeting even more successful than those of the past. Secretary McCracken tells me that the entry list is sure to be a grand one, and it is needless to add that all the lead ing drivers in the country will be here. Everything that can be done will be done to make the track one of the best in the coun try, and altogether the directors have dis played remarkable courage in "putting" out so much money for the meeting. Their venture can only be made successful by the public bestowing a hearty patronage on the meeting. It will require a large sum of money to reimburse the track authorities for their outlay and it will be a thousand pities if such a big affair is not a very big success. Some rngillstlc Blatters. It is a long time since we had such a dull week as far as pugilistic affairs are concerned as the one just ended. Almost the only feature of the week has been the echoes of the late Slavin-Kilrain affair. And these echoes lunc mostly been relating to the comparative merits of the Australian and Sullivan. I am in receipt of several com munications regarding what I had to say about these two pugilists two weeks ago, but really I utilized so much space on the question then that I sec no necessity for dealing with it again at present. There is one thing that I want clearly understood by the readers of these reviews, viz., that no opinion herein is formulated merely to please anybody. I write my own opinions and they must at all tinges go for what they are worth, whether they agree with the --'THE opinions of other people or not. Occasion may comewhen it will be necessary to deal with Slavin and Sullivan again, and until, that time comes I-want it distinctly under stood that L distinguish between Sullivan as a glove fighter under Queensberry rules and a prize Meg fighter under London prize ring rules. .This surely is plain enough. But there is something very amusing in the everyday iife of our great Jonn L. One day we have him telling the world that so and so will win simply because so and so is a white man ana is foing to fight a colored man, and another ay he willbe informing ns all who is going to succeed him as "champion of the world." A few nights ago John L. had a few "friendly" rounds with Corbett and after they were finished Sullivan seriously told I the audience that he was going to make Corbett succeed him (Sullivan) as cham pion, as he (Corbett) was the best pugilist In the country. But the newspapers, in de scribing the "bout" between the pair, were almost unanimous in stating that Corbett at least held his own against the big man. Corbett was also understood to have ex pressed this opinion, and this riled the big man from Boston. As a result, Sullivan declared to the world that Corbett is no good at all as a fighter, and that he (Sulli van) could pulverize him in a very few minutes. I am not complaining about Sul livan expressing his opinions, but what I want to know is: Whicn is his true opin ion? Is Corbett the best pugilist in the country, or is he "no good at all?" I have my opinion about it, but what does John L. Sullivan truly think? Hall and Xltzslmmons. Before the month is out, if all goes well, Jim Hall and Bob Fitzsimmons, the two "corn-stalks," will meet in their proposed glove contest for a reputed purse of f 10,000. It is remarkable how little there has been said about this aflair, and I daresay many people would have forgotten all about it had the matter not been reintroduced to public notice during.the week in a way that smacks of business. "The other morning the newspapers told us that- Hall and Fitzsim mons had signed a new copy of articles, and it was pointed out that one great feature of thenew articles was the fact that the club giving the purse would select the referee so that a good and honest battle to a finish would be guaranteed. Just hear ye that j c patrons of the ring. Just quietly under stand that a club's referee is a guarantee that all will be right; just try and picture that as a fact in view of Brewster's decis ion in the Meyer-Bowen contest, andDunn's decision in the recent Kilrain-Sla in affair. The thing is preposterous. I have an idea that the Western club giving the purse for Hall and Fitzsimmons will more or less find themselves "in the hole" before the affair is ended. It is apparent that interest in these club affairs is on the wane, simply because they are mostly frauds. I have steadily held this opinion from the first of their history and every year is adding facts" to my side. The very greatest suspicions are "existing regarding this Hnll-Fitzsiminons affair, and I am hard to convince other than that they are to divide whatever purse may be offered them. Few people thought that Slavin and Kilraiu were going halv es, but they divided. Still -I think Slavin tried his best, aud so did Kilraiu. But I claim it would be better and fairer for the public if they knew w hether or not two men were contesting for a $10,000 purse, 59,000 of which was to go to the winner, or whether they were contest ing in full view of the fact that each Tyas to have one-half, lose or win. I have a strong notion that Fitzsimmons will try and defeat Hall, and if he does try I will be surprised if Hall is not beaten. Prinole. HOW A HUNTEB WAS WOUNDED. Au Old Rocky Mountain Cliaracter'g Pierce Fight With a Big Bear. A little bide canon near the "Buffalo Sloughs" led me one afternoon to the rude, lonely cabin of a gray-haired hunter, writes Charles F. Lummis, describing a walk over the Bocky Mountains. He hobbled out as I came up and shared my tobacco on a. sunny rock. "OH Monny" was the wreck of very much of a man. His once stalwart figure was hideously bent and twisted. The right shoulder was all misshapen; and the right leg only an awfui rope of bone,, in many knots, and with hardly more flesh than my wrist has. Five years ago that day, roughly tender hands had carried Monny from Dead Man's Canon a cripple for lite. He and his "pardner" were toil ing up the canon, their small-bore, muzzle loading Kentucky rifles over their shoulders. Suddenly, from behind a Inure boulder they had just passed, lumbered noiselessly a huge brown-yellow beast, heavy as a fattened steer. A wild screech from his chum whirled Monny about, and looking back he saw the huge cinnamon Dear uprearcd over a still palpitating corpse, whose blood and brains were dripping from one gigantio paw. Monny threw his long, heavy barrel to as steady a level as if the game had been a squirrel, and drove the little leaden pellet through the lower half of -the monster's heart. But a cinnamon dies hard; and be fore the hunter could reload or escape up the precipitous rocks the brute was upon him. Eelling him with a blow that crushed his right shoulder like an eggshell, the bear fell dying at his side, chewing his leg from thigh to ankle to its last breath, and then lurched dead across his almost corps?. And that is why there is one hunter Who goes on a crutch to his beaver-traps, and in quest of game. Monny showed me the skin of his bear 11 feet 4 inches from tip of nose to root of tail! Upon the feet were still the .huge crescents of claws, each six inches long; and on one side wa the wee, round hole that had at last let out the great, savage life DANCE OF, THE PEONS OF CHILE, It Is a Bllld and Modest Sort of Cancan Done With Unseemly Gravity. The day is ended on the large estates of Chile with a dance. After the milking, the men and women collect in the open court yard for an hour, and their "light fantastic toes" are as active as though they had not toiled from sunrise till sunset on scanty fare. The cuaca is the invariable dance a mild and decent sort of cancan in which only two performers figure at a time. A woman generally begins it, who selects her partner by flirting a handkerchief in the face oi the man of her choice. They gravely step out into the middle of the patio, and while the rest sing and make barbaric music by the rhythmical stamping of feet and clapping of hands, the couple advance and retreat, spinning around one another slowly if not gracefully, meanwhile continually waving their handkerchiefs, but looking solemn as mutes at a funeral. They do not clasp hands or touch each other," and the space they amble over could be covered by a yard-square prayer rug. I have seen the "death dance of the Nez Pcrces, the Modocs and the Sioux of our own Northwest, but never anything so mirthless as this. Evidently they are happy, yet not a smile lights up a single swarthy" face. They sing by snatches, one taking up the refrain and " then another. Some of the words, as nearly as I can trans late them, were as follows: You say you do not love me I "Why I cannot tell, Save that my nose is sharp And my eyes are very black. How many, many torments I am suffering now for you, And you reward my love so badly That to the grave I'll go. Milk on Wall Street. .New York Times. A milk-white temperance streak seems to have struck Wall street this summer. Four well-equipped milk and buttermilk carts are now doing a lively business daily in the vicinity of Broad street and Exchange place. These carts are patronized by everybody men, women and boys of high and low de gree Many brokers who could well afford to buy a bottle of chanpagne whenever they feel thirsty nrefer a 5-cent class of milk in stead. Typewriter girls prefer buttermilk. I PITTSBURG DISPATCH, FAMfflfi II CHILE. Labor Cheap, Soil Productive, Crops Sure and Prices Good. THE FEUDAL SYSTEM IN VOGUE. American Machinery All Eight But Repairs . Too Long in Coming. CDEIOUS PACTS IN" KOMENCLATURE rcORBKSPONDENCI OP TUB DISPATCH. Santiago de Chile, June 2. We jour neyed due south 100 miles mostly by rail to visit a model hacienda, for the express purpose of being able to tell you how the typical Chilean farm is conducted. The estate in question is owned by a gentleman formerly from Kew England, who, as his name will show, belongs to an exceedingly numerous and highly respectable family of the United States Mr. William Henry Smith; but, being married to a Chilean, it is here rendered Senor Don Guillermo Hen rique Ferreiro. Speaking of nomenclature, the most com mon and cold-blooded of our Northern titles become positively mellifluous when translated into this poetic language. For example: Our neighbor over the way at home Mr. John James Tinker is addressed as Senor Don Juan Santiago Latinero. Ple bian William becomes Guillermo; Henry, Henrique; Charles, Carlos; Ned, Eduardo; Jim, Santiago; i"eter. ifeaio; Dick, iticaruo, and so on to the end of the chapter. Saloons "With Sacred Names. On the other hand, the native cognomens, when rendered in English, are often com ical, if not absolutely shocking, Not only people, but saloons, streets, factories 'and workshops and named in honor of the Sa vior, the Blessed Virgin, the Holy Trinity, and all the saints in the calendar. There is the Crown of Thorns street, and the" street of the Body of Christ I have seen a saloon dedicated La Madra de Dios; another to Santissima Trinidad (the Sacred Trinity), and another to The Love of Jesus. In Chile, as in other Spanish-Catholic coun tries, every child is named in honor of the Saint whose anniversary conies nearest to the day on which he or she happened to be born; and that is the reason why so many girls have men's names, and vice versa. I know of a number of ladies named Guil lermina (female for William), Juanita ("little John"), Antonia.etc; while Maria, Isabel and other female names are equally common among men. The name Yaca (cow) occurs as often in Santiago as Smith in the United States. A young lawyer of my acquaintance, who was probably born near Christmas Day, is called Jesus Christo Yaca, and his beautiful sister is Benedicta Bafaela Cow. We lived in a hotel whose barefooted errand boy was Jesus Maria Gojeuechera and how wicked we felt whenever obliged to shout his name down the passage! Luckily for sensitive feelings the word is pronounced Hay-soos, which makes it seem a little less like blasphemy. "Wives Bo Not Lose Identity. In Spanish-American countries the per sonality of women is not lost at marriage.as among us, by being merged entirely in that of her husbaud. Though she may be wedded more thau once, she retains through life her own baptismal and family name. For example should Miss Mary Jones become the spouse of Mr. John Smith, her cards would henceforth be en graved Senora Maria Jones y Ferreiro; and her first-born son would inevitably be named after both parents, thus, Don Juan Maria Ferreiro y Jones. When you in quire the name of a married lady, you are as likely to""be told the name of her "father's family as that of her husband. But to return to the model farm. Senor Smith's estate comprises 300 acres, all en closed within one fence, and so ponderous is the latter being 10 feet high, 3 feet thick, and roofed like a house that it re minds one of the great wall of China. By the' way, barbed wire has never .been patented in Chile, though the Government is fencing its railw ays with that commodity, brought from the United States, and if some enterprising Yankee would come down here and secure a patent on it, his fortune w ould be made. Bails are never used in this country for fencing, except in the far south where timber is plenty. Stones are sometimes piled up into walls, but always in combination with lime and sand, making them solid. Those that are universal in Chile look strong enough to defy the tooth of old Father Time for centuries, and as picturesque as indestructible. A Fence Made of Mod. This of our friend Ferreiro is a fair sample. It is made of mud a cheap and common article which has been molded into huge squares and dried in the sun. The huge adobes were then piled into place, and while yet moist, earthenware tiling im bedded in the top of rusty red color, like that which roofs the houses. The object of roofing the wall is to prevent the long con tinued heavy rains of winter from soaking the bricks and reducing them again to mud. Like most gentleman farmers of Chile, Don William Henry does not live on his country estate, but in the city, coming out once a month or so to see how things are going and bringing his family for a few weeks in summer time. But there is an administrador de hacienda, a snbadmin istrator, several overseers, and more than 100 peon. Farming is carried on in this country much as it was in Europe in feudal time", or as in Ireland to-day, each estate having its retainers who are provided with tenenientsJJjwhich they pay by a stipu lated number of days labor every year. As there is hardly any middle class" in Chile only the rich and the poor, the landlord and the tenant the haciendas are generally very large, and.are owned by nabobs who seldom visit them. Each has its big, ram bling casa, wherein the administradors and their families reside, a chapel, a commis sary depot, granaries, storehouses, wine- vaults and a number of little cottages, sur rounded by garden patches, where the peons live. ' Perpetual Slavery Through Debt. The latter are paid for their labor, gen erally not in money, but in orders on the supply store where, at prices optional with the administrador, food, clothing, chicha and rum are sold. Tenants are usually given small credits at these stores, and are lorever in debt to their landlords. As the law prohibits their leaving the service of a man to whom they owe money, they arc thus kept in perpetual slavery. When the men assemble in the mprning at the tap of the sunrise-bell, an overseer writes each one's name in a convenient place; and when the day'swork is faithtully done, puts a mark beside his name. At the end of the week the marks are counted and each man receives his pay according to the score. As a rule haciendados and peons get along well enough together, and the servant will fight for the master to the last drop of blood in his body. - " As in the Old World centuries ago, feudal wars are kept up between estates, through so many generations that the original prov ocation is entirely forgotten, and sanguinary conflicts are constantly occurring, for the peon of the Capulets is always more than willing to cut the throat of a servant of the Montagues. As on other haciendas, Senor Ferreiros tenants begin work at 6 a. m., having pre viously eaten a desayuno of bread and coffee. Then each goes off to that part of the estate which is to be the scene 6t his day's labor, carrying with himfc cow's-horn of waterand a 'small bag of meal. These are his rations for the midday breakfast, and not another mouthful will he get for 12 long hours, until he returns to dine at 6 p. m. The meal is of roasted wheat, ground on the small hand mill with which every hacienda is provided. Healthy on Very Slim Fare. We saw the men at their sunset dinner, and a more contented and healthy-looking lot could hardly be imagined crowded around a table of rough boards without any cloth upon it The repast consisted entirely -SUNDAY, JULY '5, of beans and peas sfewed together; but the administrador informed me with 'pride that all the laborers on this model farm are treated to meat and potatoes twice every week. We went out into the wheal fields on a cart, topped by a very high and narrow hay rick made of cane poles lashed together with thongs, drawn by bullocks. The cart was driven to a place where the cut sheaves were thickest; the cattle were taken from the tongue and tied to a wheel, and the work of gathering commenced. "Each man seized a bundle and carried it to the cart, until all the nearbysheaves were loaded. It did not occur to anybody to make the bnllocks remove the cart to another part of the field; the bundles were still laboriously carried to the same place, however the dis tance lenginenea ana the noon-tide neat in creased, and perspiration streamed down each swarthy face. When the enormous load was complete, it was hauled to the threshing yard, where the wheat was care lessly dumped in heaps, without the trouble of stacking it for here it rarely rains dur ing the summer months, so there is little danger of the grain spoiling. Meanwhile threshing was going on, slowly but surely. A spot of hard ground had been swept, and upon it were pitched a few bundles; then horses were driven over and over them, until the wheat was shelled from the straw. The straw was then removed, the wheat raked to the center, and more bundles thrown down. When a considerable quan tity of shelled wheat was collected, a windmill was introduced to blow away the chaff. Tlie Wheat of Excellent Quality. No wheat could be of better quality. The plump, sound grains were fully one-fourth of an inch long, and I was tola that an av erage yield here is 20 bushels to the acre. The corn crop is smaller, because the sea sons are too cold. Oats return about bo bushels to the acre, but, unfortunately, there is no market for them. Oranges, lemons, figs, peaches, apples, pears, grapes, melons, etc., are always a sure crop, be cause though the summers of Chile are seldom warm enough to make thin clothing necessary there is never frost enough in winter to kill the flowers. All kinds of vegetables thrive remarkably, and when ever a native plants beets, he ties a knot in the end of each growing plant to prevent it from running beyond reasonable bounds. The plows in general use are primitive implements a beam, with one long, stout handle extending .far enough downward to attach a flat piece of iron which has been hammered sharp on a stone. Of course, with such a rude machine the earth can barely be scratched. Wheat is sown broad cast. and covered by dragging it over with a weighted plank. Corn land is furrowed into rows, in one direction. Holes are made at regular intervals in the rows with sharpened sticks, into which the corn is dropped and then covered with the foot. The hoes are abont 14 inches high by 5 inches w ide, and each weighs not less than eight pounds. Everybody Uses the "Wine. Every well regulated hacienda has its vineyard, and that of Senor Smith includes 100 acres. The crop is always abundant and the grapes sell in market for about 1 cent per pound. They make good raisins as well as w me. A superior quality of the latter eosts about 8 cents per quart, but is too new to be desired by anybody but Chileans. Every native, old or young, drinks wine at all times of day or night, at meals and be tween meals. He may not afford a more luxurious dinner than common puchero, (which is composed of all the seeds and veg etables the cook can lay hands on, boiled with a bit of beef or bacon and flavored, if Jossible, with a few links of sausage), but le muBt wash it down with a glass or two of wine, and so must his wife and children. There is never a word heard here on the temperance question; yet drunkenness is far more rare than in the United States. Byjdint of diligent questioning I gleaned the following facts relative to farming in Chile. Nowhere is agriculture more profit able, because labor is cheap, prices high and crops certain. It eosts less than $1 to rai'-e three bushels of .wheat,' and it sells for about $1 25 per bushel. What little can be grown this year, since the laborers have mqstly ruslied on to tlie war, will bring a much higher price in market Wheat- and barley, however, are about the only profita ble crops, there being no foreign demand for anything else. I inquired of the .gentle manly ndministrador if all his harvests were gathered in with reap-hooks and threshed by being trodden upon as we had seen that day. Machinery From the United States. "Bless my soul, not" replied he. "I have 25 of the latest improved reaping machines, right from the United States, and two good threshing machines. The reapers cost me $450 apiece and the threshers $3,200 each. The duties, freight and exchange make such things frightfully expensive, because we have no direct line of communication with the United States. Most allv the Chilean farmers arc ready to introduce modern im plements in place of their reap-hooks and wooden plows, but they cannot afford the enormous expense of transportation, not to mention the duties, which on agricultural implements are about 40 per cent of their original valuation. If we have American machinery and it gets a little out of repair, from six months to a year are consumed in sending it back to be mended. "Were there direct communication, the clumsyHcarts of Chile would soon give place to American farm wagons. The timber of the country, though beautiful for furniture, is not fit for wagons, being too porous and swelling badly in wet weather. All we use for that purpose has to be imported. These huge carts, with their ponderous wheels are necessary, n maae smaller, tney would twist out of shape before the rainy season was over, and the wood is so brittle that the wheels would fall in pieces on the first journey." In reply to the question whether taxes are exorbitant, the gentleman said. "As a general thing, no. Of course during these wartimes everything is out of joint But I would gladly pay three times the amount to feel as sure of life and property here as in the United States. Bicu men residing in the country are regarded as lawful prey for every lazy rascal inclined to steal. The haciendado cannot even be sure of his life from one day to another, and that is the reason why they so generally reside in the city." Fannie B. Ward. BUY TOBACCO INSTEAD OF BBEAD. A Boston Doctor Says He Finds It Is Eco nomical to Smoke Cigars. A single cigar, says Dr. J. H. Carrier, of Boston, in the St Louis Globe-Democrat, will lengthen the progress of digestion two or three hours; and I found that when I smoked, say three cigars a day, it was necessary for me to eat only two hearty meals. When I didn't smoke at all I was obliged to resort to the three regular meals of previous custom. The subtraction of a mealdidn't in any way affect my general health injuriously, but, on the contrary, the digestive function was performed more com pletely it more slowly; and from being a regular sufferer from constipation, also, I was entirely relieved of that disorder. I think the man who wishes to economize on his food might jget along yery well on 20 cents' worth of cigars in place of 75 cents' worth of victuals. A CHOICE BIT OF BEEF. One Carcass Furnishes Only Two Founds ot It and Butchers Keep That. In every beef there is a choice morsel, says a butcher in the St. Louis Globe-Demo-a-at. Butchers don't tell their customers about it, and very seldom are there any calls for it We prefer to reserve it for our own tables. This rare cut is known as "skirt steak." It is a thin, flat bit of meat, tender and juicy as young grass, adhering to the ribs on either side of the fore part of the steer. The rarity of it is in the fact that out of a whole beef you can get only about two pounds of this steak. It is so thin that it will not fry or broil well in. the ordinary way, and the way I have it cooked is to fry briskly in clear, boiling lard. When thus cooked, sarved piping hot, it is delicious. Of course it comes high. "i89L UTILMAGE'SCHDECH. Bessie Bramble Takes Some of the Polish Off the Tabernacle. WHY FOLKS CALL IT THE CIRCUS. ATift With the Rough and Burly Ushers Who lose Their Temper. CONET ISLAND SUNDAY AFTERNOONS WEtTTES TOR THE DISPATCH. Having heard Key. Mr. Parkhurst, the radical Presbyterian clergyman who wants Calvanism taken out of the creed of his church and urges most stronely the revision of the Confession of Faith and the removal of errors out of the Bible, it was fitting that we should next hear the famous Tal mage, who is a leader on the strictly ortho dox side. He denounces all religions controversy whatever. He affirms that the Briggs busi ness, the MacQueary rumpus, the Metho dist muddle and the Baptist trouble have all been directly inspired by the prince of the nether world. He says that some of the ministers in all denominations are almost "swearing mad" andhe ventures to prophesy that before the storm blows over and the controversies are settled, a good many ministers will, through what they call liberalism, be landed into practical in fidelity, while others, who are now classed wHh the conservatives, will bloom out into bigots as tight and hard as the mummies in Egypt. This is not a promising state of af fairs to come, particularly as lie adds that this world is off the track and emissaries ol Satan have been detailed to cripple the for eign mission business; to stir up the pro fessors at Andover on probation, and as to how the heathen can be saved without the gospel; to start' the Episcopalians to discuss ing men instead ot the eternities, and to precipitate the undownable woman question right plum in among the Methodists. Certainly a Period of Turmoil. If the designs of the evil one are responsi ble for all of this religious warfare he seems to be getting in his work very effectually, for never, says Brother Talmage, has the air been so full of missiles as now. Never did the beloved brethren recite the imprec atory Psalms of David with such zest as at present. But he has determined he will take no part in this rattle of the creeds, and he advises his congregation to let the mys teries and intricate doctrines alone. He tells them he gave many years of study to trying to understand God's eternal decrees and why he had let sin come into the world and to comprehend the doctrine ot the Trinity, but his work was a failure. Thereupon he gave it up, and he has not spent two minutes for 30 years in bothering his brains anything about the problems presented in the creed to thinking people. Anyhow, he alleges, the church is creeded to death and the young men now being launched into the ministry are going out into the thickest fog that ever settled upon the coast. It is all folly, he affirms, to spend time in trying to harmonize the doctrine of God's sovereignty and election to salvation with man's tree agency, or to worry over the inconsistencies of the Nicene Creed, or to endeavor to solve mysteries, or explore the inexplicable. But alas, people will use their reason. They think it is a gift not to be peremptorily jammed down and choked out of sight. This is an age of criticism and free thought. Brother Talmage may resolve that he will not give these matters a thought, but mill ions are thinking upon them, and endeavor ing to discover truth and to separate it from what is false and injurious. Reaching People Through Newspapers. But this is not telling of our visit to the new tabernacle where this distinguished divine holds forth to immense audiences, and reaches millions of readers in the Mon day newspapers. Carlyle says somewhere that the writers ol newspapers and books are the real working, effective churchof tho present day." The Bishops and Archbishops and Cardinals and all fhe lords spiritual are not in authority as compared with the daily papers. Judging by this opinion, Talmage stands as a "big gjin" indeed, since he reaches thousands ot people who have never seen him or heard his voice. In Brooklyn they irreverently call his new church "the circus" why, "unless because such hosts of people attend, is not very clear to sec. It may be because nothing so draws and entertains people as a circus. The new church is a very handsome and imposing edifice outside. Inside it is con structed exactly like a theater with its parquette, and dress circle, and the upper galleries. The pulpit is a stage, where the minister has full swing, and plenty of space to pose and prance up and down and dramatically deliver a sensational sermon if he pleases. In the space for the orchestra is the organist and his keyboard, and the man with the horn or rather cornet, and desks for reporters. When the church was reached, a large crowd, locked out, were impatiently waiting for the doors to be opened. At another entrance, only pew holders were admitted. When the doors at last unfolded, and the outsiders rushed in, they were confronted in their advance by a burly, pompous fellow clothed with a lit tle brief authority, and looking as proud and inflated as a peacock. He only needed a mace or a club to make a cornerman of him to all appearance. Ordered Up to the Gallery. "No one can come in here," he shouted rudely. "Go up to the gallery," in tones which seempd to say only the elect are permitted to enter below. At the en trances to the aisles on the first gallery stood other gaurds, who ordered everybody roughly to go to the third gallery, as these seats were reserved. Butdetermmednot to "go up higher," we took our stand with the intention of seeing the opening service, and then take our departure. It happened to be G. A. B. day and the seats were being re served in anticipation of a crowd. Well, those ushers had a time the one in our vicinity lost his temper as his temperature began to rise. He became cross and glared at everybody as if he thought they were there specially to annoy him or to steal something from him. We made bold to sit down humbly upon the back seat, and thought if it was wanted for any special magnates we would immediately vacate. Perhaps the appearance of our little party was formid able, for while this ferocious usher gave us some savage glances he said nothing. He, however, bounced out a handsome old lady who had presumed to sit down in a vacant seat without consulting his sovereign pleasure. After all there was plenty of room for all.and all this show merely served to make people mad. Dr. Talmage (we believe he is a D. D.) looks much older than when he last retailed stale "chestnuts' in a lecture in Pittsburg, but on this occasion he looked quite happy and contented or "conceited," suggested our companion. It is a matter of pride with this great company of church people that they have congregational singing, sup ported by a fine organ and led by an expert with the cornet But with all his puffing and blowing the cornet man does not lead. He falls iu. Follow Their Own Sweet Wills. The people get hold of the air, and"ren der it at their own sweet will. They hold on to it, meander over it, and wail all they want to. The effect of a congregation of perhaps 5,000 people singing mainly ad lib itum was indescribably funny. The sermon was upon "The Blue and the Gray," and the necessity that all bitterness between the North and the South die out The text was from Isaiah: "t will say to the North give up, and to the South keep not back." The reverend speaker pictured the horrors of the war, the battles and bereavements in forceful, eloquent language. He speaks without notes, and it may be observed that the pulpit address we heard was polished up in publication. His voice is breaking, and it is neither thrilling nor melodious,but rather unpleasant in tone. His pronunciation is a little offi He invariably said "Nuthern" and "Suthern" when speaking of the armies of the North and South. Both of these, he claimed, were equally earnest, honest, brave and deserving of praise. In. conclusion he said: "I have been waiting for some years for some one else to twist the two garlands that I to-day twist but no one is doing it In the love of God and my country, I put now my hand to the work, and next spring about this time, if I am living and well, I will twist two more for Northern and Southern graves, and every spring time until some man or woman whom I mav have cheered a little in their struggle in life shall comej uub iu ureenwooa ana put a pausv ui bnv on my own grave. But if the time jihall ever come when this . land shall be given over to sectional rancor and dema gogism, and the North and South and East and West shall forget what God made this nation for, and it shall halt on its highca reer of righteousnes and liberty and peace, and become the agent of tyranny and wrong and oppression, then let some young man, whom I have baptized at these altars, go out to Greenwood and scoop up mjr dust, and scatter it to the four winds of Heaven, for I do not want to sleep, and I will not sleep, in a land accursed with sectionalism and oppression." Too Much Trouble to Scoop Dust. Now what good it would do anybody to go out andscoop up his dust and scatter it to the four winds is pretty haW to see. 3Ioreover, we venture to say it will not be done under any circumstances. $he young men will have other things to scoop, and the dust of Brother De Witt will probably re main under his tombstone until trie trumpet shall sound and the dead shall arise. Another thing was noted in'this sermon which shows Brother Talmage is a spirit ualist, although' he has so.strongly de nounced spiritualism. In speaking of the dead soldiers, he said their1" bodies sleep, but their souls live' unhindered that no two cities on earth are in such rapid and constant communication as earth and heaven. He also asserted that Ulysses S. Grant and Bobert E. Le'e and William T. Sherman and Stonewall -Jackson are to- they once looked askanceat each other on the banks of the Potomac and the Chicka homing and the James ifiid the Tennessee, are now holding high jubilee with some of the old angels wnoy 19 centuries ago chanted peace and goofl will on the plains of Bethlehem. This" really would seem as if the blessed brother had been consult ing a well-posted "mejium" concerning the condition of affairs' on the other side of the river. He, however, hailed these blest spirits as though they were present, and gave them a kiss of welcome. Another Sunday Scene in Gotham. Coney Island is the Sunday afternoon cir cus for New York and Brooklyn, and truly it would make every single hair on every blessed head of our whole Law and Order Society rise up, straight as a ramrod, with holy horror if they could have seen 20,000 or more people disporting themselves on the seashore Sunday afternoon. Beer"n3C lunch rooms, ballet entertainments, flying horses, merry-go-rounds, brass bands everything in full play. Children without clamoring for rides, and circus lemonade, and ginger pop. One concession has been made to the religious people who take in all this hilarity and Sunday diver sion. The bands must not play secular music. Hence the minstrels dance to sacred music and sing plantation hymns. The merry-go-rounds fly past the beholder to inpiriue strains of "Hold the Fort," and Moody and Sanky hymns are played in the beer halls in deference to the religious sen timent of the day. No wonder Talmage says "the world is off the track" and may peradventure go to smash. The grand boulevard from Brooklyn to Coney Island is crowded with handsome carriages, spanking teams and gorgeous foot men, and all manner of more modest con veyances. The railroads and electric roads are jammed with people; the boats from New York unload immense crowds at the pier. The ocean air, the", holiday amuse ments have attractions for the multitude far beyond the' Sunday schools, or afternoon sermons or Bible reading. The grown people of to-day used to' be shut- up in penitential seclusion on Sunday afternoon, and con demned to the catechism and the command ments when they were, children, and the contrast between them and the myriads of the children of to-day, playing upon the ocean beach, riding on the flying horses, eating and drinking and enjoying all of the gaycties and festivities of this mortal life. .seemed very strong. The thought could not fail to come up as to whether this absence of puritanic precepts and prejudices would conduce to happiness and good citi zenship in the future. Bessie Bkajible; PHINCE GEOBGE'S BIG CANE. It Is of Heroic Size and the Greek Hercules Sticks to It as a Mascot. Giant Prince George of Greece used an enormous walking stick to rap the assail ants of the Czarevitch in Japan. It is a familiar object to the members of the Bus sian, Danish and Grecian courts. It is of absolutely gigantic size and weight, bears a striking analogy to the traditional weaver beam staff of Goliah, and was cut especially for the Prince in the woods around Poros. It is for all the world like one of those mon strous canes, or rather clubs, which walking stick and umbrella dealers display in front of their stores for purposes of advertisement. This most extravagant-looking stick was tho despair of Prince George's family and attendants, who repeatedly urged him to abandon it for a less gigantic and less con spicuous article. This, however, Prince George absolutely refused to do, and even when in the act of bidding adieu to his father before his de parture for the far East with his Bussian cousin, he laughingly refused to leave it be hind him, declaring that it was his mascot And so, indeed, it has proved to be, for the most extraordinary honors are awaiting the young Prince, in Bussia on his return to Europe. SBESSES MADE OF f USE GOLD. The Costumes of Sumatra Women Discount Those of the Civilized Heiress. I have seen women of Snmatra, says a New York Sun correspondent, wearing dresses of pure gold and others wearing sil ver gowns. Both these metals are mined there in Sumatra and the natives possess sufficient knowledge of the arts to smelt and form the ingots into wire. The weav ing of the handsome and costly cloths is quite the principal occupation of both the women and the men. Never in Christian countries do women dress as extravagantly. I remember that once the chief told me he would have two pretty maidens "dress as they would on their marriage. The two bright-eyed girls were gone some time and came back wearing, one a dress of gold and the other one of silver. They had bracelets one above another from the hands and above their elbows. At the elbows they wore peculiar bracelets, jointed to permit easily moving the joint In brief, their arms were armored with precious metal. They had necklaces of gems and -other costly ornaments, and the cloth-of-gold and cloth-of-silver dresses were made loosely fitting .jibove the waist, and, the skirts in flounces. How to Counteract the Effects of Impure Water. Mr. L. Jr. Martin, superintendent of the St LouisrDesMoines & Northern Bailroad, says: "On my return from a recent trip South, where the water was very impure, I was attacked with a violent case of cholera morbus. Having heard a great deal of Chamberlain's Colic, Cholera and Diarrhoea Eemedy I concluded to try it, and with the most beneficial results." No household should ever be without a bottle of this .remedy. "wsn - THE. MAILS TO PARA; Very .'Unsatisfactory Kesnlts From .tKe New Postal Subsidy Law. K0 ATTENTION PAID TO TIME. L facts That GO to Show Aid Isn't Seeded, by 7 the Steamship Lines. HQW THE ENGLISH COJIPANIES PAEB CcoiBEsroxnENCi: op the pispatch. PakI, Brazil, June 2. The few Ameri can residents of Para, as well as the more numerous friends of America among the better classes of Brazilians, rejoiced with exceeding great joy over the receipt of the intelligence that the postal snbsidy bill had become a law. We were not familiar with its provisions, but everybody took it for granted that it was intended by this law to increase our regular steamship communica cations, and of course to add additional mail facilities, upon the regularity and promptness of which, I may say, depend not only reciprocity, but all outside trade with Brazil. However, the first application of the new law, a3 exemplified by the United States and Brazil Steamship Com pany, caused a very great disappointment to the people and leaves the impression that the iaw was solely and only enacted in tha interests of this one American steamship company that reaches Brazilian ports at ir regular intervals with its five second-class ships. April 15 the United States and Brazil steamer Segnranca,advertised to sail for the regular ports, concluded at the last moment that as it was behind time in its schedule movements they would catch up by skip ping Para and the Islands, sailing directly from New York to Pernambuco. Patrons in Brazil are as a rule easy going, and were not disposed to make much of a row about this slighting of their port, as it was un derstood that the company forfeited part of their Brazilian subsidy when they failed to reach Bio at certain specified dates. But the people of Para of all classes are a unit in their indignation at the hoggishness of grabbing the Para mail bags and carrying them a thousand miles beyond to Per nambuco and returning them to Para nine days later by one of the other steamers cf this line, which fortunately happened to be coming up the coast If the company is al lowed mileage on the carrying of mails this was good for them. But there was no possible excuse for the act, as the Booth line steamer Ambrose sailed from New York for Para on the same date, April 15, and had given the us ual notice to the postotfice authorities. The Ambrose is oi a line that has been doing an extensive New York and Para , trade for upward of 40 years. She sails under mail privileges is fast and reliable, having previously carried mails in a satis factory manner but she brought no mails at all. Attention is called to these dates: The Ambrose sailing simultaneously with Seguranca, arrived at Para April 30. The U. S. &B. M. steamer Finance arrived from Pernambuco with the Seguranca's mails for Para May 9. The people of this city whi are so largely dependent on mail service were deprived of tneir important business "mail for nine days. A second instance qf this same character so closely followed that it has an appearance of forcing the mails by the U. S. & B. M. Co. without regard to ex pediency or the business interests of Para, and America. Enough Trade to Fay the lanes. Apropos of subsidies, I do not know that they are needed. That part of North Brazil -known as Amazonia, which is geo raphically and commercially the closest to us, comprises an area equal in extent to that part of the United States east of the Bocky Mountains. Large ocean steamers may ascend the Amazon -,000 miles, to the very base of the Andes in Peru, delivering at the very doors almost their cargoes, and carrying away the valuable natural product of Ine valley, i. e., rubber and cocoa. But practically nothing is produced in the val ley which nature supplies so bountifully with a rich soil, humidity and heat, because the business of collecting the rubber is so Jiofitable that all labor is diverted in that irection. Everything necessary to sustain civilized life is imported and pavs heavy import duties. Three-fourths of the rubber is consumed in the United States, on which an export duty of 21 per cent is charged. Four-fifths of the import duties arc from Europe. There is not 'an American steamer as cends the Amazon above Para, the enormous trade of the valley being developed by the English companies principally the Ama zon company, wh:ch is a local enterprise and confining its business to the river trans portation, and the Bed Cross and Booth steamship companies, which extend their commerce from Manoas, 1,000 miles up the Amazon, direct to Europe and the United States. The English companies are well managed in the interests of shippers to and from North Brazil to Europe and the United States. Each of the two have been engaged in their exclusive trade with North Brazil for a number of years. They do not receive any subsidies from the English Gov ernment nor from the General Government of Brazil. Each, however, has contracts with the State Government of Amazonas, but as a matter of fact no cash has yet been paid the companies, the arrearages dating back some three years. The conditions of the contract are such that practically the balance is against the steamship companies The Booth fine, which extends direct from Manaos to New York via Para, is entitled to $24,000 per year. For this they are oblged to perform nine round trip voyages a year between Manaos and New York until 1891; alter that 12 voyages, or one per month, between JIanaos ana jNew JtorK. They are also obliged to carry the mails free.also three tons of State cargo free.three first-class and six third-class governmental passengers free on each voyage. The Subsidies Axe a Nuisance. It will be observed that the Brazilian State Government of Amazonas get a fidl benefit for their $24,000 of "promise to pay." In addition to this the steamship people are required to carry all State cargo exceeding the above three tons at 20 per cent reduc tion on their tariff rates. They are aln obliged to maintain fixed tariff of freight and passenger rates, approved by the Gov ernment. The penalties are so severe and the requirements so exacting that the steam ship officials do not hesitate to say that they would be better off without any subidies. A heavy fine is imposed for the non-performance of any contract voyage, and a loss of the contract if the voyages"are interrupted more than three times in succession. The steamers in contract voyages enjoy packet privileges, but pay all the exhorbitant taxes and'port dues demanded inBraziL Substantially the same conditions arc re quired in the contract with the Bed Cross fine which extends from Manaos direct to Europe. The State Government pays no cash, but in settlement of any balances it tenders what is known as "titulos," that aru receivable for State dues. It wilLbe seen therefore that the "subventions," as the English call their subsidies, are not of very material benefit to those companies. They have sustained their lines for some years by the good hard cash freight rates paid by American shippers of rubber. The freight rates' on rubber, Para to New York, is 25 cents and 5 per cent primage per cubic foot delivered in New York. This is equivalent to about four-fifths of a cent per pound. Un like coffee or sugar from thelower prov inces, crude rubber is a safe freight, Jhat is, it is not liable to any sea damage in trans portation, and the rates charged are out of all proportion to he values. A rough box containing rubber is lljf cubic leet in smallersizes,or24cubicfeetlargersize. These can be safely and securely stowed, and ( make what is known as a good solid cargo. J. O. Kekdey, U. S. Consul at Para. '-'. ' ? I
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers