THE PITTSBURG DISPATCH, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1891. AN AFRICAN ADVENTURE Or Thrilling Interest in TO-MORROW'S EIG DISPATCH. Among Its Varied Contents Will Be Found Contributions From the ABLEST NEWSPAPER WRITERS, Who Will Cover Topics Calculated to In terest All Readers. SCIENCE. ADVENTURE, TRAVEL, HUMOR, FICTION, THE HOME, KITCHEN, BOUDOIR, AfJD ALL THC NEWS. Specie! Leased Every Cables. Wires. Facility. THE DISPATCH TO-MORRCW WILL BE A COMPLETE NEWSPAPER. COMING SUNDAY, MARCH 8, A Fanciful and Humorous Extravaganza to Amuse and Instruct, by FRANK R. STOCKTON. The Great Author Calls It THE COSMIC BEAN; Or. The Great Shew in Kabol-Land. Illustrated by DAN BEARD. IT WILL BE A STRIKING SERIAL. Remember the Opening Date Sun day, March 8-A Week From To-Morrow. DON'T MISS THE FIRST CHAPTER. THE DISPATCH Is For Sale Every where. Orders by Mail Receive Prompt Attention. READ TO-MORROW'S ISSUE. Me Biftpawg. liSTABLlSHED FEBRUARY 1S45. Vol. -J6, No. II -Cnfrcd at Hmbnrp Toslofiice, November 11, laST. as second-class matter. Business Office Corner Smithfleld' and Diamond Streets. Kews Eooms and Publishing House 75, 77 and 79 Diamond Street. rRJ-TFItV AllVFKTISINfr OFFICE. ROOJI3, TKIKUNE Hl'II.lMMj. NEW VOKK. where complete flics ot '1HE DISPATCH can always be Soqnd. Foreign advertiser appreciate the con venience. Home advertisers and irlendsor THE lilbPATCH. while In .New York, are also made vcicone. THE DISPATCH is l-cgularlii on sale fit JJrentano's. 5 Union SpuT. Jfetrr York, aid 17 jli-c.de VOpc a. Pa is, Fxtnc. uhere anyone li-fio has been tlisapvomUd at a hotel news st&lltlcan obrain it. mars or Tnr disivatch. rOcTACE TKEE IN THE UMTEP 67ATES. JUILT DiSPtTCir, One Year t s CO Daily PisrATCii. Fer Quarter ICO Daily HirATcn. One Month 70 Daily Dispatch. Including frundiy, lycar. JO 00 Daily Dispatch, including bunday,3in'tlis 150 Daily Dispatch. including fcunday, lm'tli 90 ttncDAY Dispatcu. One ear 150 "Weekly Dispatcii, One Year is Tan Daily DiSPATcn Is delivered by carriers at f cents per cck, or including bunday edition, at tccms per week. PITTSBURG. SATURDAY, FEB. 28, 1831. "WESTERN MORTGAGE SHARKS. That much disputed subject of farm mortgages is receiving light from the partial Census returns. Alabama and Iowa fur Kiih illustrations of the condition respect ively of Southern and Western agriculture. The inquiry took its rise out of disputes on the prospcritT of the agricultural in terests. Representatives of the farmers as serted thai they were squeeze 1 to death by mortgages, while the opposing interest denied this. The presumptioi that the farmers knew more about the existence of mortgages than their opponents is measur ably borne out by the Iowa return, which is not the State where the evil is reported worst. On the other band, tbc totals from Alabama reveal an unexpected condition of solvency. The totiu of real estate mort gages in the Souther-i State ij ?CO,000,000 In round numbers. This covers only one-twentieth of the acreage of that State, and amounts to S'-'G per capita of population, or 130 for ach family of five. In Iowa, where the expectation would be to find affairs better, the mort gages reach 109,000.00(5, covering one-tenth Tf the acreage and amounting to 5101 per capita or 5320 per family. The possibili ties of usury and mortgage sbarkisni are illustrated by the statement that interest (Charges range in Alabama from 1 to 40 per cent; while in Iowa the range is 1 to 20 per cent. It is enough to raise suspicions of the ac curacy of the figures to fin.l it asserted that a State like Alabama, which was in the depths of bankruptcy twenty-five ears ago, is so much better off in this respect than one like Iowa, that is supposed to have en joyed uninterrupted prosperity ever since itwassettlcd. Perhaps the adversity of one section and the prosperity of the other a generation ago may be the cause of the change of plates now. The totals as given too not indicate that we need be uneasy about the condition of Alabama; while that of Iowa is perhaps not critical. But with the expectation that worse returns will come from Kansas and Nebraska, a -worse condition of affairs is indicated than was looked for. The tact that the Iowa farmers must use ?1G.OOO,000 or 518,000,000 f the returns from their crops, to simply J:eep up the interest on their debt, shows the "burden. Special inquiries reveil further that about SO per cent of these debts consist cither oi the purchase money of the property, or money raised to purchase other property. These are entirely legitimate objects for borrowing money. If the farmer i fortunate enough to get a moderate rate of interest, the result of the mortgage will in -most cases jirove to his advantage. But the possibil ities of 10 and 12 per cent interest rates, with extieme cases at, high as 20 per cent, leave the impression that there may te cases w here the farmers justly complain that they are eaten up by mortgagee. EsEITL, rCIJ. DOCS. AND USELESS. The discovery that the public documents are offered for sale at the second-hand book stores of "Washington has caused some sharp comments; but with regard to the great mass of such publications, it is calculated to arouse sympathy for the second-hand book stores. A more significant fact is that the few public documents containing informa tion -which powerful interests are desirous of suppressing, are by some means kept away from the public There was a very Interesting report on the trust investigation by the la&t Congress, but copies of it are now as hard to obtain as original editions dating from the seventeenth ccnturv. FRANCE AND GERMANY. Trie sudden end of the visit ot the Em press Frederick of Germany, with the re vtort that it was caused by intimations of the French Government that her presence in 3'aris would cause an outbreak of the anti tiermau feelings of the mob makes the latest llurope:-n ttir. O.' course, if the rcpom arc well founded, Hisy discredit not only the go-d judgment "but the sanity of the majority of tLc French people. Even if the French were deter mined to cherish the hope of a revenge for jb.e disgraces of twenty years 350, their judgment should have taught them to accord respectful treatment to a princess of high character visiting their capital in a period of pence and on an errand of inter national good will. Above all, there should be sense enough left in France to sbtaiu from showing their enmity toward Germany in a manner sure to alienate the sympathy of Europe and to especially offend Eugland, whose neutral ity would in case of war be of the utmost importance to France. It seems more likely that the utterances of a few loud mouthed extremists have beeu magnified far beyond their importance. Nevertheless the affair puts the hope of a pacification between France and Germany in a very dubious light. The German Em peror has been represented as desirous of conciliating the French in pursuit of his policy of general pacification iu Europe. But if his mother cauuot visit Paris to im prove the relations between the two nations, without danger of a popular outbreak, he will have a good excuse for throwing aside all thoughts of conciliation. The present reports show that the French have so long nourished the hope of a revenge for disasters, the responsibility of which rested on their own Government, that they will not give even a decent hearing to propositions for lasting peace. anti-canal efforts. The anxiety of certain of our cotempora ries to discover argument against the Erie Canal project has resulted in some remark able eflorts in that line. The presumption that railway influence has inspired these efforts to throw discredit on the project would be very strong, if it were not that they are entirely below the level of moder ate corporate intelligence. The railway in terest as a rule has mental ability enough to keep quiet if it has not at least specious arguments to allege against a scheme, and to rely upon political influence to suppress what is opposed to it; but these arguments display no such powerful reticence. A specimen of this logic was furnished the other day by a journal which alleged that because this Canal would contain 40 locks, that it would not compete with the railways. This argument in the light of the fact that; the Erie Canal with 72 locks has maintained a steady competition with the great trunk lines, at rates from one-half to three-fifths the railway charges, and has been declared free of tolls after having re paid to the State its cost and maintenance and 512,000,000 over, is particularly trivial. It also exhibits a striking ignorance of the fact that the "Welland Canal, now the most important ship canal on the continent, has 27 locks in a line less than one-fourth the length of this canal. Another journal gives a great deal of space to the number of drawbridges re quired for railway crossings of the canal. It figures out that in the 140 miles of its line it must actually have eleven draw bridges. It is not quite clear whether it is the interference with the railway traffic or the cost to the canal of the drawbridges that is objected to; but as all the companies operating lines which will cross the canal are to-day carrying more or less traffic over drawbridges and the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern crosses something like a dozen between Buffalo and Toledo inclusive, without finding out that it is subjected to any especial disadvantages thereby, it may be presumed that it is the latter. But the expense of the bridges is included within the total cost of the canal. Another stroke of logic is the assertion that the canal if completed will be of no use to the great war shipi if it should ever be desirablo to take them to the lakes. Pos sibly not; but as it will pass vessels of two feet greater draft than the canals on Cana dian territory it will be of use to greater war ships than can be transferred by another route. If we can put greater war ships on the lakes than any other power it will be a vast improvement on the present state of af fairs by which they can send vessels with twelve feet draft there, and this country can send exactly none at all. If our esteemed cotemporaries which are producing these efforts against the project will keep on in the same line th ev will suc ceed in convincing tne public that an en terprise against which these are the most convincing arguments that can be framed must be one of the greatest merit- Tnn DETECTION OF GASES. The recent mine explosions arc developing an earnest inquiry on the part of those con nected with the industry into all the pos sible or even conjectural causes of mine ex plosion. In a communication published in to-day's Dispatch Superintendent Keigh ley, of the Mammoth mine, suggests what has occurred to him in investigating the disaster there, that color blindness may be sometimes a cause of fire bosses failing to detect gas. He calls for the views of scien tific men on that point. Tne suggestion is worth examining, as are all others from prac tical men on the safeguards against these terrible calamities. It is a remarkable example of the mys terious workings of the official mind that is mentioned by the same gentleman, that an invention of his for detecting the presence of gases in mines was refused a patent in the Patent Office because it is an infringement on an insect powder duster! It is to be noted, however, that other inventions have been more fortunate, as the scientific journal, ilechania, prints a description of a machine for the same purpose with a record of Its working in one of the "Western Pennsyl vania mines where it showed on one occasion a sudden increase of gas from i to 16 per cent in five minutes, enabling precautions to be taken that averted an explosion. Devices which npon practical tests cnahle the presence of gas to be promptly detected, must be encouraged and adopted. Nothing should be lefc undone to prevent the repe tition of the disasters so common of late. THE GOVERNORS' DISPUTE. The interchange of compliments between Hon. David Bennett Hill, Governor of New York, and Hon. Morgan G. Bulkeley, Gov ernor of Connecticut, shows those high offi cials to be close to the point where they may be expected to order out the militia and levy war each against his neighboring Common wealth. It may be objected that it is not within the power of Governors or States to make war; but the dispute has already shown that little things like ponstitutional limitations do not restrain these Guber natorial disputants from making fools of themselves. Governor Bulkeley, after obtaining the Governorship by the questionable authority of a minority vote, began to exert his authority by issuing requisitions on the Governor of New York for persons who were wanted in connection with the crim inal laws of Connecticut But the requisi tions failed to bring the criminals. After the fact Governor Bulkeley relieved himself in a communication to Governor Hill de claring Connecticut had 200 criminals which it could send over into New York, since the Executive ot that State seemed so fond of the criminal population. To this offer to heap coals of fire on his head and recruit the forces of the Tammany workers, Governor Hill made no direct reply, but he furnished a pulverizing rejoinder in inter views stating that he would only honor requisitions from Governors of other States; that the Hon. Morgan G. Bulkeley is not a Governor of Connecticut because ho was not elected, but is merely a usurper. This determination of Governor Hill's not only to reject the distinction between de facto and dc jure officials, but to pass upon the title of his brother Governors, Is a new feature of political controversies. It promises lively times if Hill's Presidental ambition should ever be gratified. Governor Bulkeley has not yet responded lo this stab, bat is evidently biding his time. On next "Wednesday Governor Hill's term as United States Senator will begin, and it is under stood that he intends to hold on to his Govcrnorshio. "When that is the case Gov ernor Bulkeley can counter heavily by ad dressing his requisitions to the freight-paying Jones, and decfaring that Hill is not only a usurper, by a pluralist on top of that. After which nothing will be left to be done on either side except to order out the militia. In the meantime we can rely upon it that gentlemen of burglarious and larcenous tendencies residing near the line between Connecticut and New York are fully alive to the fact that a safe refuge is afforded to them simply br crossing the Stale line. Bulkeley and Hill ohould be instructed to pattern their communications after the model of the mutual remarks of the Gover nors of North and South Carolina, THE NICARAGUA GRAB FATES. The Nicaragua canal bill was yesterday formally withdrawn from the Senate by Mr. Sherman. It was found that the audacity of the proposition to invest 5100.000,000 of Government money in an enterprise to be conducted without supervision by private speculators who had already provided them selves with a "construction company" and all the other devices necessary to a repetition of the Pacific Railway frauds, met with no favor from the public. The public, too, must be glad to observe that the bill met with really very little favor in Congress. "Whenever the holders of the Nicaragua concessions are prepared to do business in a direct and honest manner a proposal for a Government guarantee of moderate amount safely guarded will be entertained. But cotemporaneously with this must come equal consideration for the ship canals which are projected for our internal traffic. If the Nicaragua canal is to be such a good thing, a guarantee of its bonds to the amount of $50,000,000 would only require a like sub scription by private capital in an eqnal amount to finish the undertaking within the company's own estimates. If private capi tal has not that much faith in the enterprise it would scarcely be worth assisting at all. "With the 550,000,000 remaining guaran tecdjto the Lake Erie and the Illinois canal projects, these great works could be immedi ately got under way and concluded at no greater expenditure than the proceeds of the Government bonds. Private capital, how ever, would be very willing to go partners in the latter enterprises, if the Government were to pledge assurance of half the cost. The statement that Barrillas.Guatemala's President, has a little nest egg of J20.000.000 laid away in London, against his expulsion, to gether with the fact that the family of Barrios, a deceased Central American politician, are enjoying the fruits of a similar foresight in New York, indicates that the opportunities for offi cial plunder by our Southern neighbors are such as to make the mouths of practical poli ticians water. But they should remember that everything has its drawbacks. Tho doctrine of vested rights is so imperfectly understood in these revolutionary countries that tho politi cians have to lay up their treasure abroad in stead of enjoying the fruits of their industry at home, as in this happy land. The new Italian Prime Minister declares that his policy is pacific. But this is what all the European statesmen assert. They give guarantees of good faith Dy increasing their armies so as to show that they are ready to fight for peace. The fact that amining accident and rescue of the imprisoned miners, like that at Jeansville, istoldin Zola's "Germinal," isnoted very widely by many of the papers. But authors before Zola have used exactly the same incident. The Month j on puze novel, "No Relations," told the same story of a flooded mine, tho imprison ment of the miners, and their rescue alter en during starvation, years in advance ot Zola's work, while fiction Is lull of the stories of mine explosions and gallant work of rescue. These dangers are so old that they have a standing place in fiction. Sib John Macdonald is very busy w ilh tho campaign lie at present. Tho opposi tion go so far as to assert that his connection with that political method 13 not always In tho line of nailing it. The intimation by Secretary Foster's portraits that the new financier combs his hair hehmd his ears engages the attention of tho New York Evening Hun and produces unfavor able comment on tho practice. Still it should ho borno in mind that tho practice of combing the Secretary of the Treasures hair behind his ears is not so reprchensiblo as the other prac tices which reduce the surplus to the condition where, as Crane used to say in "Our Bachelors," Its hair can be parted with a towel. Tun New York Court of Appeals has affirmed tho validity of tho law for putting electric wires under ground in cities. But the wires still maintain their position at the top. In opposition to the proposed 53,000,000 subsidy for a cable to Hawaii, a company pro poses to lay the cable without any subsidy at all, provided Congress will give it a charter. But this docs not afford any guarantee agaiuat the subsidy. The device of getting a charter on the agreement that there shall be no sub sidy and then getting the subsidy on the strength of the charter is too recent and too prominent for the public to have much faith in this proposition. The second round of the Burdick bill was w on by the friends of that measure, but chances of winning the fight are decidedly groggy. Standard influenco rules tho roost. The disposition of the Democrats in the House to refuse the voto of thanks to Speaker Reed shows a failure to apprcciato the niceties of the situation. They ought to tender him a vote of thanks that they still live. They might properly unito with that gratitude an expres sion of thanks for his part in giving them their big majority in the next House. Ouk Brazillian correspondent, Kerbey, has the satisfaction of knowing that if his diplomatic career was brief he succeeded in making himself an International Issue. SENATOR INGALLS' assertion in his re cent sonnet on Opportunity to tho effect that "Cities and fields I walk" is liable to create the impression that bis reverses have reached the extreme degree of misfortune that can pursuo a stranded dramatic company. And that, too. at a season when pedestrianism Is notably diffi cult. TnE French agitators are as warlike as they always were when they wero at a saf 0 distance from the enemy. The Ohio Supreme Court has decided that Senator Brico must pay taxes iu that State. As this decision is based on his citizen ship of the State, ft clears his title to the Sen atorsblp, but it Is understood to impress him with the feeling that It makes that luxury an exceedingly expensive one. During the past twenty-four hours the ice crop prevaricator has been forced to sus pend his Industry by the Inclemency ot the weather. Blaib, as Minister to China, will re lieve this country of his interminable elo quence, but if he lets himself out In an address on presenting his credentials at Pekin, St will tend to alienate still further tho strained re lations between this Republic and the Central Flowery Kingdom. SNAP SHOTS IN. SEASON. Home sweets never can be preserved in the family jar. Did you ever swiftly slip from winter to summer from, snow-topped knolls to moss covered and flower-crowned hills? 'I hope yon have, or will before you glide from the dark ness to tho Light. Thanks to that greed for speed which has developed a gonitis that scorns tho mountain, laughs at the sea, leaps the gorge, and penetrates the tree-hidden land and the sunless jungle, the transition lrom cold to heat, from twittering sparrow to chattering parrot, from black to blue sty, from short to long day, from ice-chilled waters io sun-bathed waves, from lingering twilight to swift night fall, from fur-clad folk to cotton-costumed peo ple, from white to red-and-green gardens, from storm-doored homes to latticed living rooms, from booted boys to barefooted and bronzed children of the snn, from frigid blight to tromo bloom, is merely a matter of hours. But from the deck of the ship heading for the wbite-caped waste out beyond tho ice-teethed mouth of the frost embroidered bay the summer land seems afar off. "Winter, like maritime law, claims its leagues seaward there; but not so very many seemingly. The ship turns her nose southward and outward and shows winter her heels. A chilly night fades on the edge of a sun-tempered morn, and you soon entor that mysterious river of the ocean which seems to say to the frosted winds: 'Thus far Shalt thou go, but no farther." Tnen the sea depths seem bluer, the sky brighter, the air sweeter, the summer nearer. On and on toward the paradise of the birds and the flowers you fly with the hours, the snow behind and the sun before. Yesterday teems far, far away, for it was winter then and it is spring now, with summer sure to-morrow. You seem to be reveling in the delights of a dream that has come true. On the edge of the frost-nipped sea that washes yonr winter world you laid your troubles and yonr cares. Stripped of the burden, you enter the sunshine. Under the shadows of quaint trees. In which bright plumaged and tune-throated birds mate, you lie down. You smell the flowers and hear the sea. Southward fly your thoughts, northward never. Winter has dropped out ot your life, the sun dances on shimmering flower filled Spaces, the scented and soft breezes narcotic like draw tho lids of your eyes together, and you sleep. And your dream Is no fairer, no sweeter than the awaking. Fancy can paint the face of the ideal woman, but not the face of the common every day girl. A dog show draws better iu New York than a prayer meeting. A wise acher The decayed wisdom tooth. If theatrical managers posted drawing paper perhaps the box office receipts would swell. It is hinted at Harrisburg that the Bird Book nngsters feathered their nests. It merely costs time to spend an evening, but time is money, jou know. Some woodworkers have managed to carve out a fortune. Mils. O'Shea's pony chaise is now owned in Philadelphia, The Are-escape is still in London. What is the difference between the first sergeant and the tenor drummer? One calls the roll and the other rolls the call. If the poll tax could be so amended as to taxthe telegraph poles out ot sight cities would bo beautified. TJndeb Harrison's rale Leeds no longer leads in Philadelphia. TnE wife of the Highlander wears the pants, and doesn't make any fuss about them, either. S "When paper hangers go to the wall their creditors do not suffer. The clever artist is always a designing individual. No, Miss Clara; waste baskets will not be worn at the seaside next season. The ashes of Nero's nurse have been found in a Roman tomb. Our children's chil dren may some day find the ashe3 ot George Washington's colored coddler. SnAKP deals are often made when the market is dull. The scenter of population The perfumer. France is excited over the solution of tho problem of reproducing colors by photo graphy. Down Sonth color has been photo graphed for years. The serviceable bass drum is always in sound condition. The London aristocrats who cheated at cards are now tjying to cheat justice The Louisiana lottery drawing rooms are not as well patronized now as they used to be. The green room Is often painted red. New York Chinamen are wild over a drama 50 years old. How's this for a Cel estial chestnut? When the signal service hits a wind storm center they shouldn't blow about it. TnE lunatic can always find an asylum, even if the world is considered eold, "Women who get misfits from their dress makers fly into a fit of anger. The average run of heirs would sooner see the testator lose his soul than his fortune. Blows are not always exchanged when you strike an acquaintance. "Why is a photograph like a race horse? Because it has to he mounted. A pertinent question is very often an impertinent one. The Congress that dies next week will not leave enough money in the treasury to bury it, A hard lot One containing a stone quarry. Printers' ink can blacken I's as well as characters. Wilms "Winkle. American Negro Authors. New York Snn.1 "It Is true that American negroes are now among the book writers in this country," said a learned negro. "I have made a collection of books by American negro writers, and there may bo a great many more than I have got. Some of them are good books, too. Among them are works of poetry and volumes of ser mons, beside novels. A great many negroes are now welled ncated, and moro ot them are getting to be. Wo havo negro professors and doctors and editors, and we have always had plenty of negro preachers. I believe that, be fore a hundred years from now, the American negro will do his share of thinking In the world." EDUCATI0N.OFTHE CITIZEN. A Comprehensive Taper From the Fen of Elmer D. Capen, D. D., President of Toft's College Public Opinion More I'otent Than the "Will of Princes. rWBITTKS FOR THE DISPATCH.! There never was a time when citizenship meant so much as It does to-day. Not only in the United States, but throughout the world, men are rising up to a more complete sense of their manhood. Tho prerogatives of favored individuals and classes are suffering abridg ment year by year. Public opinion, even in the Old World monarchies, is rapidly becoming more potent than the will or princes, and, what is most significant, every member of the body "politic has a share in making this opinion. In our own country the emancipation is almost complete. By. tho principles on which our Government is founded, and by the form ot the Government itself, the responsibility of affairs Is wholly in the hands of the people. This Is a tremendous responsibility, because it involves not only tho privilege of the Individ ual citizen, but his protection in life and lib erty, and the conditions of his industrial suc cess. How, then, we ask. shall ho be fitted for such a responsibility? There is but one answer. Ed ucation is the essential thing. Without that there can bo no full and intelligent discharge of the duties of citizenship. Many of the States of the Union, recognizing this fact, have made education compulsory, and it will be a happy day for the Republic when it shall be made compulsory in all the States. "When 1 say edu cation, however, I do not mean necessarily any education. It is possible to conceive of educa tion being of such sort and quality as to be worse than no education. For example, a man may be educated in a foreign tongue, unable to understand or speak the common language of tho land. Or he may be educated in ideas and principles that are foreign, incongruous and unsuited to those that prevail in the land, and that constitute the very genius of its institu tions. Such education obviously is delusive and dangerous. The Purpose of Education. What, then, shall the education be in its pur pose and content? Primarily, of course, education is of the in tellect. Its real object should be to sharpen, strengthen and illumine the mental power. We are quite likely to judge of the quality of a Government by the men it produces. It is not enough that they should be brave and able, but we want them to have the power to meet em ergencies, to exhibit breadth of view and to have steadfastness of purpose. The French Revolution was not without men of keeness and power. But they were undisciplined. Idea3 ran away with them. Education with us, therefore, to fulfil its functions, should seek, first of all. to produce strong faculties, to bring out tho intellectual manhood of tho individual. It is all-important that our citizens should have the power to discrimate truth. They must be as far as possible fortified against accepting the cheap plausibilities of the demagogue or the political mountebank. National characteristics, to be sure, count for a good deal in a matter of this sort. There aro certain races, as, for example, the Germans, the Scotch, the English, that exhibit this trait of intellectual grasp and steadfast ness of purpose in a marked degree. It should follow, therefore, that a nation that is a com posite largely of these ingredients, as ours is, ought to be marked by the same high quality. I have no doubt wo have a predetermination that way. Still we need to cultivate sedulously tho power not only to see truth, but to see it in its relations, and to exercise that self-control, springing from high ethical conceptions, that will give us patience in bringing truth to its legitimate sovereignty. This should be the un derlying purpose of our education. The Other Important Feature. But the content ot education is equally im portant. There are a,fcw things that must go to the making up of the sum total of teaching, not so much perhaps in the way of furnishing specific information, though that is not to be wholly overlooked, as by way of supplying motive to the citizen. At the outset it is very important that the principle that underlies all social problems should be specially disclosed. Unless the citizen can be made to recognize the unity of the race, how may we expect him to manifest any breadth of vision when measures are presented that appear to cut the orbit of bis individual and private interest? How may we expect blm to show a catholicity of spirit when his own opinions are called in question? How may we look for him to ne above narrow ness, or bigotry, or provincialism? Ours is a great country, not only in extent of territory, but in complexity and variety ot interest. Points of view differ. Conventional standards differ. Not unlrequantly tho aims of life, and even moral conceptions, differ. Yet we are one nation and have the same grand destiny to work out, a destiny that involves the welfare of the American citizen, and presents the prospect of beneficence and freedom to all the world. In like manner the conditions of industrial and social progress at least in their elements, should bo set fotth in the instruction that is given to our yonth. 'Ihey should be taught what labor is and what it signifies in its rela tions to all the movements that constitutes the wealth and prosperity of States. Let them know that it is the foundation and beginning of the wealth, both for tho individual and the nation; that it is impossible to have prosperity or even the comfortsof life without it. Correction of Crude Notions. This will go far to correct many of the crude notions that now prevail owing to the wide contrasts between tho very rich and the very poor. As soon as they know that these things are not the result of individual caprice, nor yet the product of unequal legislation, but the re sult of law, founded in the nature of man and the constitution of things, they will sot to work by intelligent means to coerce the evils that spring lrom a misconception and false ap plication of economical principles. Furthermore, there should be an effort to im part the ideas that furnish the foundation for social order ana the framework of government. This is very important now that the right of government, aud even the legitimacy of every kind ot social organism, is called in question. We ought to recur to first principles, as our fathers did, then we niy learn that n hat states men have called the "social compact" is not the mere artificial contrivance fur gaining political ends, butaiorm of oiganlclifc that derives its sanction from God himself. To this end it is not necessary to have a systematic course In the schools on the Constitution of the United State". Much of that sort of teaching is time wasted. Ground the pupils in fundamental truth and they will make the application of it later. Edward Burke said: "The study laid in the Americau colleges, mado them, ('the Colonists') augur misgovernment from a distance and snitf the approach of tyranny in every tainted lireezi-." It was really the po litical wiliings of Locke and his cotemporaries that had formed the minds of Samuel and John Adams. Wo need that sort of instruction to day to give tho citizen a truo notion of the function of the btat?. Tho Inculcation of Patriotism. Bur, above all, there should be tho specific inculcation of patriotism. This is something that is native to the mind. By some strange law of being, the spot where we were born is tho dearest in all tho world. Wo instinctively put our country into the foreground of our af fections. Sonjehow the heart leaps and thrills at the sight of tho flag that is the national em blem. Being a natloual impulso, therefore, pa triotism should be cultivated. Aud now there are those who muntain that the effect of this is narrowing; that we ought to havo just as much regard for other nations as for our own; that the peonle of other nationalities, being children of the same Father, are just as prec ious as we are, and their interests should be just as dear to us as tho interests of fellow citi zens. Yes, the human race is ono brotherhood, and It should io our aim to secure, by every possi ble means, tho amelioration and exaltation of humanity. But we work best for general ends through specific instrumentalities. Oftentimes the highest conception of humanity comes through that manifestation we have in the na tional life. Kindle in the heart a genuine re gard for fellow citizens and we are thm pre pared to recognize the claims to our affection of fellow men. Make onr dear country strong and great and then tho gate3 are easily opened to the widest possible beneficence. ELMER H. CAPEN. A THEATRICAL FAKE PDBCItJRED. Manager Kobson Denies That Ho Is En gaged to Ono of Bis Company. MEJirms, Feb. 27. Telegrams were re ceived last night from Chicago. St. Louis and other clue", inquiring whether -thero was any truth in the rumor that Stuart Rob-on was en gaged to be married to Miss May "Waldron, of his company. Mr. Itobson, who Is playing an engagement in this city, said: 'This story has been started by some theatri cal scandal-monger. My wife has been dead only eight months. I am old enough to be Miss "Waldron's grandfather. I do not care as far a3 I myself am personally concerned, but I regret exceedingly these false and malicious reports out of regard for my daughter's as well as Mi's Waldron's feelings. Miss Waldron is a mero child as compared with myself. My married life shows bow dear to mo was my late wife. I desire you to deny empathically tho existence of any engagement belnecu luj.sclf and Miss Waldron." J!y Cleveland and HI II. New YorK Trltranc.I A book with the title ''Darkest Democracy and the Way Out." by G. C. andD. B.H., would have a largo sale just now. A PB0GBESSTVE PAPER. A Handsome Acknowledgment of Dispatch Enterprise. " , Clarion. I"a., Democrat.i The Pittsbcbo Dispatch is acknowledged to be one of the most progressive newspapers of the day, and wields an ever-extending influ ence. Over 30,000 copies of that paper arc now issued daily, while its Sunday edition has reached the enormous circulation of over 60,000 copies. It may be easily understood bow it has outgrown its present quarters, with such figures before one. A new granite fire-proof building will ba completed and occupied during the present year, ir which will be placod tho latest printing machinery and an entire new outfit in all its departments, giving still greater facili ties for receiving and dispensing ail tho news to its patrons. TnE Dispatch furnishes the most reliable and exhaustive reports of doings in the financial and commercial world and in tho oil, produce, live stock and iron markets. It receives a daily special cable report of for eign news, and Its homo news-getting facilities are not surpassed anywhere. In politics it is independent Republican and discusses all events with a view to advancing the public in terest. It Is a newspaper in the true sense of the word. PEOPLE PAHAGHAPHED. SlGNOR Crispi had not been out of office a week before he returned to his old profession, the law, and held a brief for the General Steam Navigation Company. SENATOR "WolCOTT, of Colorado, has at tained anew distinction. He has had the first well-developed case of gout that has occurred In the United States Senate for a quarter of a century. Mrs. Sarah Parker, an American, has gone to Algiers to found a branch of the Marriage Law Reform Association. After her work in Africa is done she will go to France and establish a branch in Paris. General Horatio C. Kino, in addi tion to being a fine soldier, is a clever amateur musician. When the organist of Trinity Cbnrch was taken ill one Sunday, General King filled his place to the complete satisfac tion of the choir. Edward Farrer, who has been accused as a traitor to Canada, is regarded as the ablest and cleverest writer in the Dominion. He was intended for tho Catholic priesthood, but his ideas would not allow him to take orders, so he became a journalist. Mrs. S. B. Bdckner, the wife of the Kentucky Governor, is a woman of great per sonal beauty and graco of character. Her face is oval, her features classic, and her eyes dark and thoughtful. She wear her dark hair fastened in a simple knot at the back of the head. Lady Stanley, wife of the Governor General of Canada, is very popular with the Canadians, and is simple and pleasant in her manners. She is a handsome woman, with a tall and graceful figure, and she looks sur prisingly young for the mother of a grown-up family. General Benjamin F. Butler was in New York on Wednesday, and said he would have his memoirs completed ic the course of about three months. As he rode up in the elevator of the Federal building he said: "Walt till you see it. There will be fun all round." Senator-elect Kyle's "cleverness" is thus vouched for by a responsible gentleman of Mitchell, Dak.: "I attended the jollification at Pierre just after Mr. Kyle was elected, and when the boyB wanted to take something with him be said: 'Boys, I can't drink myself, but I will pay for the beer and pull the corks,' and he did so." Sister Pathocinia, who exercised great influence during the reign of Queen Isa bella IL of Spain, died recently in Madrid at the age of 81. After tho revolution sho was banished from Spain. She returned to her native country after the accession of Alfonso XIL to the throne. Since that time she has been abbess of a cloiBter. ENGLISH COINAGE. Interesting; Facts About Hard Money of tne Past and Present. The Age of Steel. J Wlien England was being made into mince meat and blocks of real estate by the Saxons and Danes, silver and brass were in use as cur rency, but thoNormans subsequently installed the aristocratic metal, and left tbc democratic brass to take care of itself. Gold was first coined by Henry III., and copper made into British coin in 1672. Tin was used for coinage in 1650, and the national farthing was made of this Cambrian product with a stud of copper set in the center. In 1GU0 and 1691 tin half pence were issued in considerable quantities. The only pure gold coins issued in English history were those of Henry IIL In tho reign of Edward I. tho pound in tale of silver coins was eqnal to the pound in weight of standard silver. The pound in tale was divided into 20 shillings, the shilliugs into 12 ponce, and each penny piece weighed a pennyweight or 21 grains. Before the mintage of gold coins in England the byzant valued at 10 shillings was imported from Constantinople, and florences of the same value from Florence. Edward III. subsequently minted the noble, Edward IV. the rial, Henry VII. tho douDle rial, James L the laurel, and Charles IL revived tne old laurel coin un der tho name of tfie guinea. This guinea in the reign of Queen Anne, originally issued as a 20-shilIing piece, rose in value to SO shillings, and was acrobatic in values till Sir Isaac Nor ton secured authority ordering the guinea to pass for 21 shillings sterling. The present En glish sovereign was issued in 1817, and weighed twenty twenty-first parts of a guinea. The present standard of fineness for silver coin is 11 ounces or 2 pennyweight silver and 18 penny weight alloy. Bronze coins were introduced in I860, replac ing the old copper coins first legalized by the hat of Charles IL and afterward made by James II. from old guns, copper vessels, pewter pots and a general assemblage of comparatively worthless metal. Senator Kylo's Next Evolution. Chicago InterOccan J Senator-elect Kyle, of Sonth Dakota, coins a new word and paraphrases Governor Hill when he says: "lam an Indecrat." Let him beware lest ho become a nondescript. DEATHS OP A DAY. Sirs. Charles Donnelly. It is with the deopest regret that a very wide circle of sincere friends learned yesterday of the death of airs. Charles Donnelly, which Bad event occurred at the fifth Avenue Hotel, New Yorl, on Thursday night. For several days ilra. Donnelly had been dangerously 111, and as long ago as Sunday It her recovery was considered doubtful. But then there came signs of lmnrove ment, and with them renewed hope, only to re sult in the bereavement so soon afterward. Mrs. Donnelly was a lady of cultured mind and kindly heart, and was beloved In all circles, alike by old and loung, for the constant expression of amiable aud t'encrons qualities. She was the daughter of JKr. lieruard Kancrty. and to hus band, father, brothers, sUters and cl ildren and friends the berc iveinent Is the s.ulcloat possible. Wherever the deceased moved there was always the kindly light of a cheerful and generous spirit. Deep and elntere sjmpathy will eo out to the afflicted lamily In tho great sorrow which has be fallen It. Joseph Spencer. Joseph Spencer died yesterday afternoon at 1 :3. at his residence at Homewood, aged 77. He had been In ill health for some time, there having been a general breaklns down of his system. Only Wednesday Ids daughter. Miss Lillian bpenccr. was married. The deceased was an old resident of l'ittsbnrg. He had been an innkeeper and brewer neirlv all his Hie. Ue was the lonndcr of tho Hull's Head l.iern iu tho scotch Hill market (now second Avenue I'ark), was a member ot tho late brewing arm of Spencer & Llddcll. auil at Ida death was a large stockholder In the William Tanu Brewing Company. He was the fatber-ln-law or his partner, ex-Mayor Rob ert Liddetl. Edward It. IlanckeL Philadelphia, Feb.27. E.E. Hanck cU manager of the advertising department ofthe l'ennsylvanla Railroad Company, died yesterday at Tarpon, 'la. Mr. Hnuckel has been In poor health for some tune, and in December last vis ited Florida In the hope of gaining strength. Ho wos33 vears of age. anil leaves a widow and three chlldrih. His riiinlii" will be taken to C'har itltslllc, Va., the Iiihiil- r his parents, lorln tcriutnt. Bavld IVnlte. David White, one of the oldest and most respected citizens of Allegheny, died jeterday at his residence at ;t3 Sandusky street, at the age of B2 years. The funeral will occur to-morrow after noon at 3:30 ' OUR MAIL POUCH. Mr. Kelghley Makes Some Suggestions. To the Editor of The Ulspatcn: In thinking over the Mammoth explosion, the idea occurred to me that flro dosso3 should be put through a test for color blindness. As all experienced miners know, the examination tor mine gases is made by observation on tho flame of a safety lamp, held up in the place suspected to contain fire damu. There aro two methods of determining tho presence of Are damp by safety lamp, viz.: First With a very low flame, in which the observer depend! entirely on color: that 13, the appearance of the "blue cap," the intensity of color and length and width of cap indicating the percentage nf C. II. 4 contained in the surrounding atmosphere. This method 13 the one generally practiced, and for the flrst time in my experience has it occurred to mo that possibly sumo explosions were indirectly the result of color blindness on tho part of the fire boss. Second With a moderate sized flame, in which an elongation or spiring of the flame is depended unon for an indication of C H 1, bat not for percentage. ThH method H not gen erally practiced by fire hoses, but for indica tions without percentage I consider it superior to tho other test, as I am persuaded the moder ate sized flame is more sensitive, and the color phase of tl.o examination Jiot being more than an approximation of the percentage of C H 4, it is really not necessary, and in case of color blindness on the part of the person making ex amination the "low flame blue cap" method would be startlingly dangerous, but even with the larger flanio a person with poor eyesight might otten be led into error. It is a well knonu fact that often the gauze of a safety lamp giTes a reflection that resem bles a faint blue cap, and many a time have I beard disputes arise over such a delusion: yet until now it never struck me that colorblind ness is just as likely to bea source of dangerin mining as it is in railroad operations. Now, I do not wish to give ont tho inference that the Mammoth explosion was the result of color blindness, but 1 am earnestly seeking for a clew to tho cause, and In searching for that clew numerous ideas are employed and every possible source of danger is being considered thoroughly, not so much for tho past as for fu ture guidance, and if after careful investiga tion it should be found that our fire bosses have not been put through the proper tests even tho Mammoth disaster will yield fruit that may be of use in the science of mining. Let us hear from onr scientific men, who are versed in the delusions resulting from color blmdnes. and also from all who are interested in ascertaining how to avoid erroneous exami nations for firedamp. The writer some time ago devisea a simple contrivance for aiding the flre boss in making examinations for mine gases and applied for a patent on the same, but said application was rejected because the Patent Office officials de cided that it was an infringement npon some body's "insect powder dnster." though how they make this out is a mystery to me; how ever, even with that appliance of mine the "color blindness" idea uncovers a source of danger that we cannot afford to underestimate or ignore, and I want to know now if any other person has given that matter a thought, so if you will kindly give this a corner In your next issue you will greatly oblige Fked C. Keiohlet, Superintendent Mammoth Coke Works. Mammoth, pa, Feb. 25. Cheap Southern Labor. To the Editor of Ihe Dispatch: 1 notice in your editorial columns Thursday morning ashort article headeff'Cheap Southern Labor." As I am perfectly conversant with all matters pertaining to tho South, I would 'ask jou to corect tho matter regarding the labor question. You are certainly misinformed, for no place in the South is labor employed at SO cents per day. In some remote locality I have known a few men to work for 90 cents per day, but the common laborer in tho Sonth is uni formly paid 51 per day. Regarding mill wages, nearly all tho mills are runmngunder the Amal gamated Association of Iron Workers' rules and under their comracts, and even the non union mills are paying union prices. At the blast furnaces negro labor earns from 81 10 per day as high as 5- 50. in computing the cost account the labor is the smallest part, fur take yonr own iron. In Penn sylvania at a cost of 313. in this amount labor is only chargeable at about 51 60 per ton. In fact the average cost of labor per ton of iron pro duced is lower here than in tho South, not on account of less men. but on account of in creased production, your ores being so much richer. The difference in costof Northern and South ern is not in labor the variation between the two points in labor is not oe per ton it is In the material. Take the ore dehvered to the Birming ham furnaces from Red Mountain as an in stance, the total average cost delivered in stock house for a 43 per cent ore is less than 51 per ton, ana there are some that get it as low as 75c. not on account of cheap labor (as the ore is mined by contract;, the miner averaging from 51 50 to 52 25 per day. The South pays more for mining coal than you do, employs the same identical men that you do. Its mills pay as high as you do, and em ploys the same identical men, and. if you will investigate thoroughly, you will find that seven-eights of the men in mills and mines in the South are the same class of white labor that you employ here. These men are all Im ported from yonr district north. As a laborer the negro makes a good one; as a skilled mechanic so far he has not been a suc cess. Capital and labor are as far apart in the South as they are here. Strikes occnr there, and only recently Birmingham bas bad a severe one both in the mills 'and mines, the strikers not being negroes but imported labor. I trust you will correct the error and excuse me far trespassing on your columns. Henry W. Haborkayes, Pittsburg, Feb. 26. Blast Fee. Engineer. The data on which The DISPATCH based its editorial comment was taken from the Atlanta (Ga.) JownaU Hewitt and Morrison. To the Editor of The Dlspatcnt Will yon please answer In yonr next issue the following questions: Was A. S. Hewitt, of New York, ever a Republican? If so. when did ha join the Democrats? Did ho vote with the Democrats for th 1 Morrison bill? Did be stump the State of New York for Hayes? When did Morrison's term expire as Congressman for Ill inois? W. J. S. Sharon. Pa., Feb. 25. Abram S. Hewitt entered politics by an election to Congress in 1871 as a Democrat, and served almost continnously until elected Mayor of New York. Hi3 vote In Congress was nearly always cast with his party. Morrison's last term expired March 4. 1887. Information as to Land Grants. To the Editor of The Dispatch: If "A Reader." who makes inquiry In yonr issue of this date in relation to "the grants of land made by Willltm Bonn," will write to the Secretary of Internal Affairs, Harrisburg, in whoso office, I believe, an- now all the records of the abolished Land Office and Surveyor Gen eral's Office, ho can probably get the. Informa tion be desires. Or, if any public or private library in Pittsburg contains the earlier vol umes of the Pennvlvaula Archives, thev may afford him what be wants. G. L. . New Brighton, fa, Feb. 16. Chief Coatcs Thanked. To the Editor of The DIsnatcc: For the prompt and efficient services rendered by the Pittsburg FireDepartment and their most worthy Assistant Chief. Mr. William Coates.and for their timely aid and ready response to the call that brought them to our village on Tues day evening last, we desire to return our heart felt thanks. Without their assistance onr town, or a great part of It, would now be in ashes. Many Citizens. BrUSHTON, Feb. 26. Baby Born "With Teeth. JefferSonville, Ohio, Feb. 27. Mrs. Cooper Brock, living fonr miles west ot here, this week became the mother of a child that had two teeth at birth. 'TIS EVER THUS. IWEITTKS MB THE DISrATCH.1 The trouper is pensive, and moodily sits On his trunk In a dressing-room small; His thoughts wander far from grease, paint and rouge. He heeds not a half hour call. He's thinking or There, I know that you'll laugh Ofhls love In the days zone by: Though strange It may seem, these creatures have hearts That reel passion as yon and as I. He's playing some old dates over again. You can see by the smile on his face. All seems so bright, full of revel and joy With a King he would not change his place. Now comes a shadow. Move On 1 Move on ! Fate has oft cried it before. Giving sunshine and pleasure till it grows, oh, so dear. That the heart feels the parting the more. His fancy has painted her face on the wall. Ho wonder If when eroaenin They meet, will her love boas true as of yore: lie .vaits for his ausner iu lain. No response cornea back from the dear dead past, But a shout from the stage makes blm dive; The curtain is up. He's made a stage wait. And the manager lines him five I . -OEOBOlt F. IIABIOX. Pittsbcbo, Feb. K. COEI0DS CONDENSATIONS. The doctors in Scotland threaten to tro on a strike. Happy Scotland! French statesmen have offered a reward of 1,000 francs for tho best new athletic game. The electrical industry of the United States requires a capital of over 5600.000.000. ' An Australian photographer is reported to ret excellent pictures of objects at a distance of 1G miles. New York now hat a larger area and mileage of asphalt pavements than bas either London or Paris. During a rain the waterworks reservoir at Moherly. Mo canght enough water to run tho city six weeks. A retail firm in Home, Ga., did a busi ness of many thousand dollars last year and lost only 58 in bad debts. Pleasanton, 313., has the "champion" pie eater. He is a small colored boy, and swallows a large pic at two mouthf uls. Kentucky has lost its proud position as tho best horse State in the Union. Missouri furnishing the test equlnes for either peace or war. Bobbers are becoming so bold in St. Josepn. Mo that the business men of that city walk in the middle of tho streets in broad day light. As solons, under the new dispensation in Kansas, the lawyers do not cut much figure. The Legislature is reported to have only 3 lawyers and 115 farmers. Important deposits of "smokeless" coal have been found in the hills flinging the Gnlf of Tonquin, China, ono of the veins being 152 f pet thick. The coal is anthracite, and contains 87 per cent of carbon. A Christian Science victim, who died iu Des Moines. la., a few days ago, was fed by bis attendants while he was delirious with typhoid fever, on sausage, raw turnips, crab apples, saur krant and pigs feet. A Japanese scientist has discovered a new method of distilling alcoholic liquors, and claims to be able to make whisky twice as strong and twice as cheap as i3 now done with out deterioration of quality. A wigmaker says that the bulk of the hair used in this country for wigs and switches is imported from France and Germany. This hair is less brittle and lasts longer than the hair of New England women. There has been invented a safe de pository for sleeping cars. It consists of a semi cvlinder fastened under the car window and which can be locked. Into which passengers can put their pocketbooks, etc. A Philadelphia man has invented a machine which he calls a readerscope. It re- fleets the contents of daily papers upon tho ceilings of barber shops, so that the man in the chair can read the news as he reclines. A prehistoric smelting furnace has been discovered near Albuquerque. N. M. Nearby a bar ot pure silver was found. The fnrnate bad been filled with ore and never fired. It is not larger than a common baker's oven. TbeEussian Government discourages the importation of machinery, tools, books, pic tures, and even of fine goods, declaring that if the common people begin to get new thoughts they will be sure to plot against the Czar. A young; man in Hannibal, Mo., has made three attempts within a week, while on the street, to break away from a sweetheart for whom his love has grown torpid, and m the sprinting matches she has run him down each time. The Arab ponies which the Sultan re cently presented to the three elder of the Ger man Kmperor's six sons are said to have a pedigree which dates back to the "sacred mare" on which Mohammed fled from Mecca to Medina. A resident of Owensburg, Ky., swal lowed a pin years ago when he was a child, and the other day it was removed from bis side by a surgical operation. It had traveled all through bis body, and phosphates had gathered around it until it was as large as a man's little finger. irora than 100 arrests have beeu made In this country since Valentine's Day of parties who "got even" by sending caricatures on that day. It's an offense agilnst the postal laws, and it 13 this practice which has brought the custom into such disrepute that it won't be heard of after a year or two more. A Philadelphia lady, who bas many boarders, was telling a friend in market re cently what trouble she bad. "I had a pair ot chickens readv for the oven, banging from the second story back, and somebody in the third story dropped a bottle of hair renewer en them: and now I'll have to singe them ill over again." The Mahoney family, of Chicago, seem to have an inside track In the matter of getting offices. Twenty-six Mahoneys are employed in various municipal and county canaclties. the list being headed by State Senator J. B. Ma honey, and rnnning down through building In spectors, health inspectors, policemen and fire men, to school teachers. Recently in Portland. Me., two Isdies who had not seen each other for 53 years met accidentally. After mutual recognition, one of them recollected that at their last meeting she borrowed 50 cent3 of her friend, and that the debt was still nnpaid. The lender bad forgotten the circumstance, bnt the borrower insisted upon payment of principal and interest. A Chinaman of Omaha, Neb., received a postal cird bearing a polite invitation to at tend church, and stating that he would never forget the lesson he would be taught. He went to church and returned home to find that in bis absence he bad been robbed of property worth $75. The postal card bad been sent by the rob ber for the purpose of luring hfs victim away from home. One of the electrical applications which will presently come Into as general requisition as that now enjoyed by the electric motor is the electrical heater. It dispenses with all dirt in tho bouse, and can be turned off and onjnst when it is wanted. A large percentage ot the heat from a stove goes up the chimney and is wasted, but as the electrical heater 13 light and handy, and can be moved from place to place with ease, the fnll advantage of its beat can always be secured. Electricity is now being much used for the unloading of lumber and other freight from vessels in conjunction with a whip hoist ing drum. The power used 13 an electric motor, which is connected by a belt with the shaft which operates the drums. acn drum is op erated bra lever and can he stopped in an In stant. When the lumber is drawn from the vessel a large hook from the wharf derrick is attached and the sticks are transferred to any part of the yard. The entire pulling, twisting and transferring 13 done by electric power. A new apparatus for water has appeared in the form of a still, which is described as con sisting of a "series of large flat disks ot metal, placed upright and kept in position br pipes running horizontally on the top and bottom. Water is boiled in a vessel aud the steam is con. dncted from the same to the dish through a pipe. The steam radiating from the water ts condensed in the disiis by a current of air and the wtter is collected in the bottom pipe." Tho size of still designed for family use has eight disks and is satd to distill a gallon of water In an hour. An automatio machine which forms, fills, weighs and seals packages has been In vented and is Intended for use where large auantltles of tobacco, soda, starch, eta. are put up. Its operations, while curious, are simple, the working gear consisting of a series of form ing blocks, receptacles, folders, gammers and feeders, which prodnco the packages smoothly and continuously. Tho forming blocks size the paper, which is afterward instantly wrapped around them and folded and gummed at the end. The paper sacks thus made are then plunged into receptacles, filled folded on top and sealed. The inventor claims that if the machine Is worked to Its full capacity it will pay for itself in 275 days. A TEW FENNY FANCIES. Clara "What did you get such a mall hat for? gMaude 1 got this for Lent. Yon know I never go to the theater In Lent. CloMtr and fur nisher. It takes a smart boy to tell a lie success fully. If he tells It unsuccessfully his father Is apt to make him smart. SashviUe American. One must 'have poetic -license when he is wedded to the muses. Dallas, Tex., Xeics. ""What did they do with Joseph's coat of many colors.'" asked the Sunday school teacher. "Cut It down and made It over for Benjamin," hazarded a pensive little boy at the end or the tsa..-Chicago Tribune. VESSELS OF CLAY. "We all are made of clay; alackl Too solemn 'tis for mockery: And some are useless bric-a-brac Aud some are common crockery. Il'Ojl(llfft!7 PVSt. Mr. Johu II Gctt (at an amateur muai cale) What's he singing? Miss Van Clltr-"Let Me Like a Soldier Die." Mr. Gett If 1 had my gun with me ae should be gratified l-Fuct. Bomb-ay would be a good pesal settle ment for Anarchuts.-Aiw lor World, 1 . fc:. - inrtMrtlT ' tf i! ', ' njfeas
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers