10 THE PITTSBURG DISPATCH, SATURDAY. -FEBRUARY 21," 1891 4 I j& S. & M. S. U. R. docks, aforesaid, in 1SS9. weighed ic 1,206.4 net tons, equal to 1,077.1 gross tons. Aprreeate siilpments of coal (x- clut l e of coal taken bv steamers torfnel -....-4S.518 net tons Sales to teasels for fuel ST.MTtons. Onhand Januarvl. isao 340 tons. Snipped by rail "during season...... 47 tons. AjDtrecatc coal received at Jj. S. Jt 31. a. docks 306,033tons, The fleets (ore laden and ooal laden) tradin; to and from the Like Shore docks in 1SS9 cum bered altogether 239 several vessels. Of these, as we have seen, those carrying somewhere be tween SCO and l,b00 cross tons of ore number 114. and those carrying somen here between 700 and 1,400 net tons of coal numbered. Of the 2fi5 vessels delivrins: ore as above specified 132 were below 1,600 cross tons ore capacity. Of the 139 essels takinc coal cargoes as aforesaid ST were below 1.600 net tons coal capacity. All which goes to show that of the fleet engaged in ore and coal carrying in the Lake Erie trade fully 50 per cent in number could pass, loaded to their full capacity, through the Ship Canal, constructed. as projected, to pass vessels draw ing 14 feet of water. BY WATER AND BY RAIL. COMPAEISOK OF THE COST BETWEEN THE TWO SYSTEMS. Seduction of Transportation Charges and Probable Easiness of the Ship Canal How Trade Is Bound to Increase With Improved Facilities. At much length Mr. Goodwin goes into the question of transportation by rail and water, rates, etc. He starts out with the axiom that of several self-evident truths recognized throughout the commercial world none more directly recommends itself to the understanding than this: That without ade quate means of transportation of commodi ties commerce is an impossibility. Mr. Abram S. Hewitt put the production of pig iron in the United States in lfc-90 at 9,579.779 net tons. The estimated product of 1900 exceeds this by 8,060, 221 ton. The average annual increase would b9 S06.K2 ton. Active production in 1SSS was 7.-:6S,507 net tons; in lbS9, S.517.C6S net tons; in crease in this one year. 1.21S.J61 net tons. We may safely assume that, in view of the practically unlimited stores of feel and iron ores existing in their country, the people of the United States will not, bv any neglect of means at their command, tall back from the position among iron producing natiuns which they have attained: and as enlargement of means ior, and diminution of cost of. transportation of raw material are, to any unprejudiced; observer of the conditions affectingtbe matter in question, obviously necessary to a maintenance of our rate of progress in iron production, we con clude that the country will, without any un necessary delay, adopt such means, to the end desired, as shall approve themselves to its de liberate judgment as indisputably better than any other possiDle. Advantages of Water Carriage. Were water carriage not, positively, less cestlyand, generally, more convenient, than land carriage for transportation of commodities which, for any reason, are preferably handled in bulk, we should, nevertheless, in order to maintain the current rate of increase in production in the iron-makinc districts most lavorablv situate with relation to the ore fields of the .Northwest and to the great roke prodncirg region of Pennsylvania, respectively, necessarily supplement the existing railway capacity for transportation of ores from Lake Erie to those districts, by establishment of a proper waterway between that lake and the Upper Ohio. Ibe districts of which the above generally descriptive mention is made, are the Mahoning Valley, in Ohio, and the Sbenango Valley and Allegheny countv. and the immediatelv adja cent region, in Pennsylvania. These districts produced in lbS9. IS per cent (or. to be exact 27 92 ner cent) of the entire pig iron output nf the United States in that ear: their said prod uct segregated 2.37S,170 net tone; an amount considerable greater lhan the combined product of Alabama. Illinois, rfew York, Tennessee, Virginia and New Jersey. If at the expiration of the present decade Alabama and Tennessee shall have double their production of 1BS9. the jmut product of those states in 1900 mil be 2,17i060 net tons. Mean time the three closely-associated districts which in 1SS9 produced 2,378.170 net tons will have increased their joint product to something more than 4,750,000 net tons in the year 1900 provided adequate increase of facilities for euppljing them with ore shall have been in due season effected. And the only means by which such adequate increase is possible is the water wav, construction of which is, in this report, shown to be entirely feasible. The Canal 1T1I1 Meet the Demand.' The proposed canal affording navigation for vessels drawing as much as 14 feet of water, will not only meet the demand lor enforcement of transportation facilities and diminution of cost of handling furnace stock, and at the same time largely expedite movement of such stock to its destination, and improve deliveries of ore everywhere throughout the three districts, but will complete a grand national highway from the coal fields ot Eastern Ohio, Western Penusjlvanla, and those regions for which the Monongahela and Kanawha rivers, rcspect ielv, are outlet to the Ohio, to all lake ports of the great Northwest; and will be of almost int tlniable benefit to the several wide do mains, mure Immediately affected, and through them to the country at large. The term "expedite" is not here used unad viedly. The canal can give much bettor "dis patch" in delivery of ores than can any railway operating under the conditions existing, and necessarily existing, at and near the points aforesaid, at which such deliveiy is to be made, Mr. Goodwin then goes into the cost of rail way equipment, los by wear and tear, car blockades etc. He then draws a comparison between lake freights on ore and the rates on railroads for similar hauling. He savs: A steamer which in the season of 18S9 made, as part ot her work, 13 trips with ore, carrying average cargo of U.0S5 gross tons, tan, when loaded, at an average rate of 11 miles per hour: and when light 12 mile. Her coal procured indiscriminately at Buffalo, Ashland, Detroit. Erie, Ashtabula and Cleveland, cost (average) K 32 per net ton, or 0.126c per pouud. Her ex penditure for fuelwas21"c per mile run; and her toial expenses pemnle run were :i small fraction short of Jl OS. She made 3S.W6,.K)fi ton miles in the season; niuro than 2 per cent of the entire freight tonnage of the Lake Shore Rail way in 1SSS. On oie from Ashland to Lake Erie ports she got rates from $1400125; on ore from Esca nalu. JlS!Wc: on wheat from Dnlutb to Huffalo. (997 miles) Jl 6G2-3, SI 491-3 and SI 3 02-3 per gross ton; on coal from Lake Eric ports to Chi cago, (Ashtabula to Cnicago sailing distance is Til miles) COgoOc per net ton; and on coal to Dulutb, (Ash.aLula to Dulutk 6R9 miles) 75S 25e per net ton." TLe average tonmile.rate on her whole season's tonnage was 0.1".117- -c: about one-fifth of the Lake Shore Railway's average rate. Her season's expenses were 60.95Sper cent of the gross earnings. Figures Tell the Story. Mr. Goodwin, for tho sake of illustration, takes two steamers the first something less than 3K) feet over all, the second two feet shorter on the tonnage, line than the first, and presumably that much shorter over all. The first is of 4L5 feet and the second 40 feet beam. If theso big vessels, with freight rates such as "iho traffic will bear"' can profitably navigate the canal, the fact follows that less costly smaller steam ers can do so. The gross receipts of the first of our two steamers in ltSD were at the rate of $243 14 per diem for the whole season of 210 days; but her receipts on account of freight charges were no more than 241 27J per diem. If she can eirii that much per diem in a trade involving use of canal she will be satisfied. Her net earnings in 1SS9 were more than 10 per cent on her cost. Assuming that our canal will extend" from Conneaut harbor to Pool Xa 1 ot the Ohio mer navigation, it will be 123 miles in length; and (including the proposed lock to be placed at the upstream end of Davis Island lock), will have 53 locks, tn oof which have no "lift." In the canal, on the rocte named, there will be one lei el (the summit level) 20 miles in length; one, next south of the summit, something more than 10 miles long; and one, from Sew Brighton to Davis Island lock, 23 miles long. Thus of the 12 miles of canal something more than 4i per cent will be made up ot stretches in which a vessel drau iug not more than 13 feet may move at a rate of Smiles per hour, and vessels drawing 14 feet may make'oK and 4 miles per boar. Average time necessary to lockage, for largest vessels loaded, 19.2 min utes; 22 minutes at locks of 18 and 20 feet lift; 21 minutes at locks or 16 and 16 feet lift; 16 min utes at locks of 6 to 11 feet lift. The Time It Will Take. Aggregate time spent in locking from Lake Erie into the lock connecting the canal with Davis Island lock: 51 lockages at 192 minutes average979.2 minutes16.ol6 hours. Passage through Davis Island locks, 30 minutes; total. saylG.2 hours. Distance progressed in locfc in3.M miles. Total distance Lake Erie to Pittsburg, 128Ji miles. Distance in canal and Ohio river, exclusive of length of locK125.61 mile. Time expended in traveling 125.61 miles, at average rate ot 3 miles pcrhourll.&7 hours. Total timo of passage. 53.69 hours2.415 daji. gajs 2.45 days. And say average rate of prog rev, fur the whole 12 miles is 2.19 miles per hour. Now the steamer making 41.09S miles in 36 round trips, made round trip average 1,225 miles. At her rate of 12.74 miles per hour she was under way 98.154 hours, or 4.064 days per trip, and in the season of 210 days and S6 trips, average time expended per round trip was 5 833 days. The round trip in the canal will occupy as above calculated, 4.9 days. Add one half day. i. e.. 12 hours tor loading with coal for return from Pittsburg. Total in canal 5.4 days. Aggregate time for round trip. ll.TU days. At this rate sho can make, in the 210 days 1S.U95 ronnd trips. She can bring, as before stated, L971 tons through t he caual. The 18.695 trips South represent 36,818 tons of ore. and she would take North an equal tonnage of coal. Total, 73,696 tons. Another vessel running ex clusively in Escanaba trade, as our big steamer did. got in 18S9, 9U cents per ton for more than 70 per cent of ber season's tonnage, and from SI and SI 25 for tho remainder. Her average rate for the season was 06 cents. At this rate be big one earned &0.1GO, and to earn that amount in the canal trade she would need a rate, all round, on tho aforesaid 73,696 tons of freight. SI US77 per ton. A similar illustration is made in the case of a schooner. Towing In the Canal. In regard to means tor towing sailing vessels (and barges) through the canal we have to say that after having duly examined specifications, drawings and estimates of cost for a power tow ing plant on the "endless-cable" plan, which has the published approval of each of several eminent engineers to whom all the details of the system have been submitted for criticism, we are satisbed that the entire 123J4 miles of canal (from the lake to Davis Island lock) may be equiped with a plant similar to that in question, fully adequate to tho full service herein suggested as probably necessary for sat isfaction of the requirements in the case, at a cost of about 51,000,000. Operation and main tenance of this plant wonld cost about 225,000 per year. When the traffic of the canal shall havo reached the stage at which passages of vessels will average 10 in number, each wav, daily, the number ot passages per season of 214 days, will be 4.2S0; and w ith a charge for tow ing amount ing to 50c per mile per vessel (tho chargo being scaled on the tonnage service performed in each instance), if G0? per cent ot the aggre gate tonnage goes tlin whole length of the canal and 33J4 per cent goes half that distance, tho incorao from towage fees will be a little over $231,448 per season. To speculate on inflnenco of the condition which would exist uere there no back freights for vessels coming down tho canal is useless. There will bo back freights in plenty, princi pally coal; and not bituminous only, bn: anthra cite; building stone from the Beaver valley (this sandstone is now applied to a great variety of uses); cement (of which the Wampum dis trict m the Beaver valley produced 150,000 bar rels in ISiS, for growth of which industry cheap transportation is the one thing needful); and limestone for linio making and for Western furnace use. The production of limestone (principally for furnace use, local and other wise) in tho Mahoning and Beaver valleys, now amounts to about M.000 tuns per month; fire brick for paving, and furnace and mill uses. The pioduct of fire brick in ttie New Brighton (Iieaver valley and adjoining) district was in 1SSS. 22,000,000 brick. Freights in the Canal. We may confidently assume that in its second season, at latest, the canal would be used by at least 3.000,000 tons of northwest bound-freights. With pig iron production in the year 1900 fully twice what it now is, movement of ores in that year, from Lake Erie ports to tho Mahoning and Sbenango valleys, the Pittsburg district, and Johnstown and parts of Fayette county will be. on basis of present movement, about 9,354.098 gross tons. Suppose the canal to han dle no more than 40 per cent nf this amount, or or 3.741.C39 tons; then, with the 1000,000 tons of return freight, wo have something more than 6,420,000 tons, on which we figure. Among the appendices prepared by Mr. Goodwiu is one giving the total production of Lake Superior oro for a number of years, that for 18t9 being 7.292,754. There are also tables giving the receipts of Lake Superior and Me nominee iron ores at Lake Erie ports, showing the distribution of iron ore from Lake Erie ports in 1889; production of pig iron, and ship ments of coal by lake from south shore Lako Erie ports. There is also a chapter upon "Lev cling Operations and Table of Benches," which is followed bv a paper by T. P. Roberts upon "The Inland Navigation of France," THE HARBOR OF ERIE. ADVANTAGES AS THE LAKE TEBHIinJS OF THE SHIP CAKAL. Mr. Brewer's Argument in Its Favor as Against the Conneaut l.oute It "Wilt Cost More, hut the Conditions Are Greatly Superior. One of the most interesting papers sub mitted with the report is one by Eben Brewer upon the commerce of the city of Erie and the advantages of Erie harbor as the lake terminus of the projected ship canal. He tells about the Erie Canal of the State of Pennsylvania, its advantages to th city of Eric, and the fact that its proposed en largement was never carried out because of the identity of the owners with these of the Erie and Pittsburg Railroad. Referring to the proposed ship canal he says: Competent authorities fix the amount of traffic necessary to warrant the construction of a ship canal of the size and cost proposed in the report cf the commission at 6.000,000 of tons annually. The coal and ore shipments at Erie aggregate 1,333,019 tons and the local business of the city faiily to be reckoned as tributary to such a canal is 1.000.000 tons. Without estimat ing any increase in local miscellaneous freights save the steady annual gain in the consumption of bituminous coal for manufacturing pur poses, of pig iron, limestone and other raw ma terials of manufacture. Erie would contribute 3,000.000 tons of freight to the canal were the projected waterway completed and opened for business within the next five years. If the ratio of increase observed in the population and manufacturing industries of Erie for the past two decades be maintained for the present decade (and there is every indication that it will be largely exceeded) Erie would have another million tons of local freights to con tribute to the success of the ship canal enter prise by the year 1900. Profits of the Enterprise. There is no valid reason for the construction of a ship canal between the Ohio river and Lake Erie, unless the conditions existing, or to bo brought about, are such as would make tha enterprise profitable from the standpoint of the private capitalist. Other conditions being equal, an increase of 40 to 60 per cent In tho volume ol business necessary to make the canal project commercially defensible and to war rant its being undertaken by private capitalists if public capital be not employed therein, would certainly mako the enterprise doubly sure of financial success: and whether the canal were undertaken by private capital or by the Government of the State or the United States, such an amount of additional business could not with safety or in the light of practi cal business considerations be neglected. By whichever approach the canal is brought to the waters of the bay, an unlimited expanse of deep water will be at once available (or the accommodation oi vessels approacning or leav ing the canal, and for the construction of stor age docks, warehouses and all the improve ments necessary to the conduct of an enormous business. In this respect the harbor of Erie differs materially from that of any other harbor upon the lake, "and when compared with an artificial harbor which might possibly bo constructed at the month of one ot the small creeks flowing into Lake Erie, the advantages possessed by the magnificent expanse of water fronting the city of Erie cannot be over-estimated. In the harbor of Erie no outlay would be required either for the construction or maintenance of any breakwaters or piers to protect vessels from wind or currents, and in no case where an artificial harbor has to be constructed can these ends be attained to so satisfactory a degree by the expenditure of any amount of money, however large, as when afforded by the gift of nature herseir. Advantages of Lake Erie. The commerce certain to be commanded by the projected ship canal would be far in excess of that now found at any lake port, and accom modations for protecting vessels at a terminus where an artificial harbor must be created, must necessarily be of a magnitude entirely be yond any marine constructions heretofore at tempted on the quiet lakes. All these advan tages are offered tn perfection in the harbor of Erie, and not one of them is to be found at any other point at which the ship canal can be car ried into the lake. Mr. Brewer submits the report of the engi neers upon the cost of that portion of the canal lying between Erie harbor and Lock 25. 34 miles southwest ot Erie on the surveyed line, compared with the cost of such a canal from Conneaut harbor to tho sjme lock. For aqueducts on Erie line; masonry, concrete and plant.: Conneaut aqueduct (167,591 Crooked creek s.!t3 Klk crick. 17U.UI0 Fairvlew creek S3, 000 Walnut creek 3u,wu P00.5U 09 For locks: 7 locks of 20-foot lift fi.lH.090 31ockSorH-foot lift 447,3.10 l lock or n.M-root lift h-.im i locks or i"-foot itrt :76.1m :i locks of iti-root iirt 2,780,755 4,810,422 00 Excavation and embankment: ll,10O,S29cublcyards20c 2,820,105 80 Dredging and wharnnff at Krle (time as at Conneaut).. 318,080 09 Hevetment (exclusive of lock wall, abutment-spaces, etc). 162,160feetofeanalat;i 33.61 216,662 00 Draws at highway cross ings (30) 72,510 00 Draws at railway crossing, (2), 30,000 00 Itlfrhtofway.-jHf ms.36A.. . per m. equals 1.S9.J4 88.660 09 fa, Ofifi. 05.1 80 AddSpercent - 72358 30 AFfregate S9.732,310 10 Conneaut to Lock 23, Conncant aqueduct, masonry, concrete, etc...... 141,187 09 For locks: 12 locks 20-footIlft L97MI0 3 locks lS-foot lift 4SU,000 1 lock 17 ll-lou-foot Hit IQ S locks 17-foot lift 460.500 3 locks M-loot lift 4W.3M 2 locks 12-foot lirt -76,191 .. 8,803,2m 00 Excavations and embankment! S,054.52)cublcyard9 320c.... 1,010.905 80 Dredging and whirling at Conneaut 313.080 00 Itevetment. 53,!9Srt. ?1 33.61c 72,147 CO Drawsat highways (ill) 21,160 00 liallway crossings 30,000 00 Jtlght of wav, equaling 451.39 acres 41,527 80 5,41.:71 CO Add 8pcr cent . 4J6.I01 73 15,887,373 33 Excess orcost on Erie line,.... 3,M,93S 77 The average cost, per mile, on the whole line rrnui Conneaut harbor toDavls Island dam. (as per estimate in report,) , Is about 214,432 00 The averace cost of the 3JK miles from hock 25 to Eric harbor, would be 283,835 00 Tlicavei age cost or the 12.3.7 miles Iroin Lock 25 to Con- neant would be 478,0j5 00 The Increase or cost (S.T.904,- 77) of the Krie construc tion, is not in direct propor tion to Increase In distance, for an Increase of 'sZ miles distance (at an average cost per mile equal to the averjjte lor the whole Conneaut line) would entail an Increase 01' cost to the amount or. 4,717.504 09 The additional cost of tho Erie route as com pared with the Conneaut route is, of course, very considerable. It amounts to a little over 15 per cent more than the estimated cost of tho shorter route, but construction to Erie would secure business to tho amount of at least 25 per cent moro than can bo fairly estimated as likely to come to tho canal at the start on the lonueaut route. Economy of Construction. Tho expense of operating the additional 22 miles of canal, and the expense of the vessels navigating the same for the increased time re quired for tho passage, undoubtedly form an important item in the qnestion of deciding tho route to bo adopted; but these expenses are largely offset by the economy of construction and maintenance allowed by the natural ad vantages ot Erie harbor and by the enormous business promised to the canal and now exist ing in the citr of Erie, and there seems to be no question that far-sighted economy must dictate the extension of tho ran.il to Erie. It is to bo hoped that no international com plications will ever lead to war between tho United States and Great Britain, but, granting tho possibility or so deplorable an event, a ship canal from the Ohio to Lake Erie is a military necessity, for by no other means can protection be afforded to onr lake marine or to the nu merous and important cities on our lake coast, tho occupation of which would bo of far more advantage, strategically, to hostile forces than the occupatiou of an equal number of seaboard cities. Unimpeded access to the canal from the lako and from the canal to the lako Is the first essential in the terminal harbor, and it would be folly to bring the canal to the lake at any point where traffic would be rendered impossible during stress of weather or could be effectually blockaded, or the terminal works ir reparably damaged, by one or two gunboats. Such would be the case at any point where the creation of an artificial harbor might be at tempted. No matter how elaborately such a port were fortified, the entrance would always be between the enemy and our fortification and consequently, the effectiveness of guns being equal, would be destroyed by a hostile squadron which would incur no risk in making the attack. THE MAIDS of London have organized a Housemaid' Union and contemplate a big strike. See THE DISPATCH to-morrow. NEW BOOKS OF THE WEEK. Some of the Noted Publications Lately k- Issued From tho Press. One of the most entertaining publications of the season, or for that matter of several seasons, is tne "Life, Letters and Friend ships of Lord Houghton," better known as Richard Monckton Milnes. Few characters in the social, political or literary world were more amiably or widely ucquainted than the subject of these two volumes. Mr. Milnes was not a. star of the first magnitude in any firmament, yet he drew a sort of universal attention. From the start he was the com panion of celebrities. Educated at college with Hallam, Alfred Tennyson, Charles Buller, Deau Stanley and Bishop Thirl wall, he made his entrance into Parliament as a cotemporary of Gladstone and Dis raeli and other young men who afterwaid became more famous than him self. The characteristic of Mr. Milnes was his desire to know and entertain every body who had done anything notable. His breakfasts to celebrities at his bachelor rooms in Piccadilly were famous for the gathering of odd and brilliant people. Uarlyle, Sjdney Smith and Napoleon III. (before he became Em peror), Count D'Orsay, Dicken. Thackeray in short, authors, theologians, statesmen, and, as it used to be said, sometimes even criminals were wont to gather around Milnes' festive board, which soon, of course, became the talk of tho town. Meanwhile Milnes united to his social activity parliamentary and litenry func tions. His parliamentary lile was the occasion of profound disappoiutment. He was too many sided to become a violent partisan. He took the liberty of differing from his party whenever he thought it in the wrong; and the party leaders, first Peel and then Palmerston, took the liberty for their part of declining to take him into their Cabinets, though his talents would have abundantly warranted the promotion. Finally he became a more lord, accepting the compliment of being "kicked up stairs" with no special show of gratification. The dominant note In Milnes' letters is an ex pression of disappointment .that the talents which at college seemed of such a superior older did not in tho actual struggle of political life procure him the recognition which bis friends expected. He wrote very beautiful Doctry and many reviews for magazines. Toward the end of his life as Lord Houchton he made a trip to the United States where he was feted and honored on every hand. The most delightful part ot the book is the first volume, in ubick Milnes' letters reveal the attractions and things of interest in England, France and Italy iu the early part of the cen turv as they appeared to a young man. The chronicles of the college days and first efforts in public of men who afterward became famous, are always entertaining. These crop out abundantly 111 these letters. There are also sketches of the dominant features of life in Loudon, Paris, Italy and Venice. Mr. T. Wcmjss Hcid is a voluminous editor, but on tho whole succeeds in conveying a clear idea of the personality of tho subject. The woik is in troduced 111 a rather slovenly preface by Rich ard Henry Stoddard. ItiS published by Cas sclt's bouse. New York, and sold iu Pittsburg by Wcldon, Wood street. A literary manual of "Foreign Quotations," ancient and modern, with illustrations from American and English authors and explana tory notes; complied by John Devoe Belton. This is a selection of quotations from Latin and the languages of continental Europe which have been used or referred to by modern writers. The quotations are followed oy extracts from modern authors in which they are used. This nook will be ufoful fur refer ence. U. P. Putnam's Sons, New York, R. S. Davis & Co., Pittsburg. Among other books received are "Pericles; or the Golden Age of Athens," by Evelyn Abbott, M. A. Putnam fc Son, New York; R. S. Davis & Co.,Pittsburg. "Principles of Social Economics with Criticisms of Current Theories,"by George Gunton: Putnam fc Sons. Now York: R. S. Davis, Pittsburg. 'The Romance of a Spanish Nun," by Alice .Montgomery Baldie; J.B.Lippin oott. Philadelphia; R. a. Davis, Pittsburg. "A Delsartean Scrap Book," by Mr. and Mrs. Eamund Russell. This book is compiled from the lectures and teachings of Mr. and Mrs. Rus sell. So much has been said of Mr. Russell's lectures in Pittsburg that tho volume needs no introduction, as all who have heard him, and thoso who have not, will be anxious to read it. "jlurvale Eastman. Christian Socialist," by Albion W. Tourgee..Fords, Howard itliulbert, New York; J. It. Wcldln. Pittsburg. Tourgee has done a great deal of good through his books in striking for the oppressed. This is a novel, and the chief character is Murvalc Eastman, a young pastur of the Church of the Golden Till ers, who studies the labor problem by driving a horse car and living witu the men during a strike. He finally sets his church Into a strauge commotion by applying the words of Jesus and Paul to everyday life and church work. It is a thrilling story. Ex-Governor Foster Denies Again. New York, Feb. 20. Ex-Governor Foster denies that he has been offered the Treasury portfolio, or that he had any other occasion to visit New York than to attend General Sherman's funeral. Cottons asd Hoarseness. The irritation, which induces coughing immediately relieved by use of "Brown's iJronchlal Trochei." Bold only la boxes. ' " FOE YOUNG CITIZENS, Ex-Minister -Benjamin Writes Upon Independence in f olitics. RUSSIA AND OUR OWN AHERICH An Illustration of the Wide Difference .in the Two Governments. SOME FEATURES TO BE CONSIDERED IWBITTEN FOltTHB DISr.A.TClI.1 There is scarcely a subject that could be mentioned which more clearly marks the vast difference between tho extremes of gov ernments actually existing in Christendom to-day than this very subject of independ ence in politics. In Eussia, for example, the question is not only one that could not I be reduced to practice, but even to discuss it might lead to a lifetime of misery in Siberia. In the United States, on the other hand, notf only may one say and think what he pleases about it, but it is the duty of ever? citizen to give the matter serious and intelligent thought, to seek to convert others to his ideas on the subject, and to endeavor by ' personal influence and the aid of the laws 1 to' preserve absolute freedom in politics. But the fact that under our form of gov ernment independent political action is Der mitted to all by law. and in most of the cities of the Union is assured to all by pub lic opinion as well as by law, lays a distinct responsibility on every citizen. The life of the Republic depends not only on 'he votes of the citizens, but also on the necessity that such votes should be intelligent. The citi zen should clearly understand what he is voting for; and he should vote when and because he understands, and not merely be cause he is told how to vote in obedience to party dictation, or the influence of habit, or1 family traditions. Old Enough for Serious Thought. It is for this reason that it is important'' for the young citizen who is about to cast his first ballot to consider what independ ence in politics means. Human nature is so constituted that in a majority of cases men continue to side with the party for which they throw their first vote. "While a young man is not always able to see the merits of different parties as clearly as after experience has matured his judgment, yet it should be remembered that he who is old enough to aid in deciding the destinies of the country, is also old enough to give serious thought to the claims of candidates and principles. It may take some effort. But the duty of voting, which no patriotic citizen should evade, carries with it the re sponsibility of voting to the best of one's knowledge. Nor is the duty of the citizen confined to voting alone. With growing experience he is bound as far as possible to engage in the preliminary work which goes to make up what is called a political campaign. Having affiliated himself with a party representing the principles he favors, it is not sufficient, merely to give a few moments on election day toward depositing a vote. If he belongs to a church organization he would be justly considered a luke-warm member if he mere ly goes to church at long intervals. He would be expected, and would likewise find it his pleasure to render personal effort in maintaining the vitality of that church iu whose creed he believed, if for no other reason than that his own faith would suffer in a languishing church. Exactly in the same way the citizen of a free government should work for his party, knowing that he in the end would be a sufferer if the principles he believes to be essential to the safety of the country are permitted to be overcome. Ko citizen has the right, wilfully to shirk his political duties; if one may do so, others have an equal right, and what then would become of the welfare ot the country? Far too many of the evils from which we suffer result from exactly such a shirking of their political re- I spousiulliuca uy buuic ui out uiuat intelli gent citizens. The Reason for Independence. Kow, if such are the duties as well as the privileges of the citizens of the United Slates, does it not follow as a matter of course that they should be intelligent voters, or, in other words, that they should exercise independence in politics, and be in dependent because they have the courage of theiropinions? It is not likely that any one would differ from the opinions we have advanced. What ever may be the practice of some men or of some parties, no one would object in theory to such statements. But there may become variety of opinion as to what constitutes practical independence in polities. Some would think it to mean for every citizen to act like a scout or skirmisher entirely on his own account, independent ot organized bodies. This may be one form of inde pendent politics, but iu most cases it wonld lead to no practical results. Battles and campaigns cannot be won by scouts. Well drilled armies ably commanded are abso lutely necessary. Were all on both sides to be mere guerillas, it might be otherwise. But one side or the other in a political campaign is sure to be or ganized, and the side which goes into the fight without system will lose in nine case3 out of ten, even if best deserving to win. When new parties are started this essential to success is clearly understood, and, how ever few their numbers, they enter the field with some thoroughly arranged organiza tion. For the same reason, when one or more citizens desire the.acceptance of certain new principles, it is better to try having them incorporated with the platform of some alreadv powerful party, when it is not A cough or cold is a spy which has stealthily come inside the lines of health and is there to discover some vulnerable point In the fortification of the constitution which is guarding your well-being. That point discovered the spy reports it to the enemy on the outside. The enemy is the changeable winter climate. ' If the cold gets in, look out for an; attack at the .eak point. To avoid this, shoot the spy, kill the cold, using SCOTTS EMULSION of pure Norwegian Cod Liver Oil and Hypophosphites of Lime arid Soda as the weapon. It is an expert cold slayer, and fortifies the system against Constmiption, Scrofula, General Debility, and all Ancemia and Wasting Diseases (specially in Children). Especially helpful for children to prevent their taking cold. Palatable as Milk. SPECIAL. Scott's Emulsion is non-secret, and is prescribed by the Med--ical Profession all over the 'world, because its ingredients are scientifically combined in such a manner as-to greatly increase 'their.'re'rncdiakvalue. obnoxious in other respects. To do other wise is to injure the power of theparty from which they secede, and with which, perhaps, they already agree on many important points, and to benefit the party or parties from whose principles they differ. Absolute Freedom From Dictation. Independence iu politics we take to mean, therefore, in its best sense, absolute freedom from dictation, conviction based on knowledge, and reflection should be the im pulse 6f political action. The way one's family has voted for 100 years, the war one's social set or one's church votes should Iiave not the slightest influence on the poli tics of the intelligent citizen. The more rigorous the social ostracism or the clerical censure he may receive if he is inclined to "act upon political questions, the more firm should he be to assert his position as a free land intelligent citizen. In forming his political conclusions there are two points for the young citizen to con aider, principles and candidates. It is in deed a happy circumstance when one can conscientiously work for the latter without doing violence to the former. It docs not always occur. It happens aometiines that a party composed of a majority ot intelligent and patriotic voters animated by elevated political principles, is represented by men whose abilities or whose character do not fit them to take the lead of the party. When such happens tn be the fact, the independent voter should not be hasty in abandoning his' party for one which does not represent his political opinions, but which happens at the time to be led by men of exeeptional ability. Good parties may have bad leaders, bad parties may sometimes have good leaders. In a despotic monarchy the ruler makes the Government perhaps for many years. He cannot be removed except by violence. For the people it 13 either endurance or revolution. But iu a republic it is quite otherwise. The officers are elective, and in our country, at least, no official can receive his term of office except by the volition of his constituents. An in telligent, active and well organized con stituency can always choose other officers to turn out its party leaders. When this does not happen, it is because the others of that party are iguorant or indifferent. Of course, absolute perfection can never be ex pected from any human institution. But it seems preferable that the citizen who finds grounds for dissatisfaction with his party leaders should labor to have them changed rather than abandon a party having good principles for a party having principles that are less sound and backed by a more iguor ant constituency. It takes moral courage sometimes to remain in a party. S. G. W. Benjamin. HOWAISD FIELDING has been photo graphing a pet dog. His ninnsing experience In THE DISPATCH to-morrow. Catching the Stanley Fever. It seems that the example oi Mr. Stanley Js already proving contagious. Many young uieu uuve ueeii seizcu wiin a uesire to ue eome African explorers and win renown like him. Well, there is no doubt much to be done in that line and important discoveries yet to be made; butour young friends should not forget that African exploration is as dangerous as it is exciting; that the climate is very unhealthy; that big suakes, wild beasts and savages are waiting to welcome all intruders to hospitable graves. They should also remember that good victuals are very scarce in Africa and grow scarcer the futher one penetrates into the interior. Knowing that he could not trust to the country to subsist his expedition, Mr. Stan ley caused 40 carrier loads of provisions to be packed up in London Speaking of these iu his book, "In Darkest Africa," he says: "Every article was superb; the tea retained its flavor to the last, and the Liebig Company's Extract was of the choicest." In several places in his thrilling work Mr. Stanley refers to the benefits and advantages derived irom their lorethought in taking so large a quantity of this article (Liebig Company's Extract of Besi) with them. Nothing in the line of condensed or prepared food is equal to it for special or general use. It is the pure essence of meat broth or con centrated beef tea, free from fat or gelatine. In the household it is splendid for soups, sauces and made dishes. One pound of the (extract is equal to 40 pounds of lean beef. It keeps in all climates, and ot course in the climate of Africa among the rest. See ing, therefore, that Mr. Stanley rould not do without Liebig's Extract, we take it for granted that the young explorers who are to follow him will not omit it from their outfit. BEAL ESTATE SAVINGS BANK, MM. 401 Smlthfiehl Street, Cor. Fourth Avenne. Capital, $100,000. Snrplus, 509,000. Deposits of SI and upward received and interest allowed at 4 per cent. tts Will Place on Sale Saturday SO dozen men's fine spring scarfs, tecks, four-in-hands and pufis. Best values ever offered at CO cents. Open until 9 p. m. Sat urday. A. G. CjLMPur.Lt & Sons, 27 Fifth aveuue. They Beci the Play. The wonderful spectacular play of "Cin derella" is attracting a great deal of atten tion all over the country, but good as it is it scarcely deserves to be mentioned in the same breath with Marvin's new Cinderella cakes, the daintiest, prettiest and best little cake on the market. tts Excursion to Wheeling Next Saturday, February 21, via the B. & O. K. K. Kate 52 the round trip; tickets good to return until the 23d. A high-grade beverage is the Pilsner beer, brewed by the Iron City Brewery. Kept at first-class bars. The flood is over and we are selling all goods at a discount. Eosenbaum & Co. PASTOK AND PEOPLE. The Birthday of the Father of Onr Country Furnishes PATRIOTIC TOPICS FOR PULPITS. A Fetr of the Themes to Be Treated by Onr City Ministers. GLEANIXGS FK0H CODECH FIEIiDS Key. Wilbur F. Crafts, D. D., closes his Sabbath reform work in Pittsburg and Allegheny for the present with three ad dresses to-morrow, appropriate to Washing ton's Birthday, on patriotic aspects of the Sabbath question, speaking for Dr. W. J. lieid in the morning and for Iter. J. T. Mc Crory in the evening, and in the afternoon at 4 o'clock in Carnegie Hall, to both men and women on "The Eolations of Liberty and the Sabbath," with particular refer ence to the Harrisburg amendments 0! the State law, and also to church trains, Sun day excursions, Sunday newspapers and the proposed closing of our local postoflices by petition to the Postmaster General. Labor organizations and churches are co-operating in the meeting. Sunday Services in Pittsburg Churches. Belleficld Presbyterian Church, Rev. W. J. Holland, pastor Services to-morrow morning and evening. Evening subject: "Patriotism." St. Mark's Memorial Reformed Church, Highland avenue Services at 11 A. M. and 7:13 P. M. Sermons by Rev. llenry T. McClelland, D.V. Eighth Presbyterian Church, Rev. E. It. Donpboo, pastor 10:15 A. M., "A Searching Prayer," 7JU P. M., "Washington, the True Man." Southslde Presbyterian Church, corner Twentieth and Sarah street". Rev. F. R. Far raml, pastor Services at 10:30 A. 3C. and 730 P. M. First English Lutheran Church, on Grant street. Rev. Edmund lielfour. D. D., pastor Services forenoon and evening at the usual hours. Denny Chnrcb, Ligonier and Thirty-fourth streetB Services 10:30 A. K "The Visible and the Invisible:" 730 P. ai., "TheFinite Approach ing the Infinite." Seventh Prebvterian Church. Herron ave nne. Rev. C. S. McClelland, pastor 1030 A. M., "Tha Freedom Which Christ Gives?' 730 P. M., "Tho Wedding Garment." Third Presbyterian Church, Sixth avenne. Rev. E. S. Cowan, D. D., pastor Time. 10:45 A. M. and 7:15 p. si. Evening subject : "Tho Keys of the Kingdom of Heaven." Fifth Avenue M.E.Church.Rev.L.McGuire. pastor 10:50 a. M. subject, 'The Goodness of God;" 7jp. 11., praise meeting; 7:15, preaching; subject, "Call and He Saved." Forty-Third Street Presbyterian Church, Rev. H. U. Stiles, pastor Services at 1030 A. M. and 730 p. m. Young People's Association meets on Monda evening at7:30. First Reformed Presbyterian Church. Rev. Kevin Woodsidp, pastor Services at 1030 a. m. and 3 p. at. Morning subject: "Repentance and Joy." Afternoon : "Peace." Emory M. E. Chnrch, East Liberty, Rev. C. V. Wilson, pastor Services at 11 a. jr. and 7:30 P. M. Morning subject. "Tho Awards of Heaven;" evening. "The Floods." Universalist Chnrcb, Rev. Vf. S. Williams, pastor Curry University Chanel. Sixth street and Penn avenue. Regular Sunday services, morning at 10:45 and evening at 7:15. John Wesley ChaDel, Arthur street. Rev. George W. Clirton. pasror 10:45 A. jr.. "The Two Builders and Their Fonndatlorls;"7:43 p. jr., preaching by Rev. P. R. Anderson. Sixth Presbyterian Church. Franklin and Townsend streets. Rev. J. F. Patterson, pastor 1030 A. Jt. "Growth;" 730 p. M. "Plaving tho Men," fourth in the series to young people. First Presbvterlan Chnrcb. Wood street. Rev. George T. Pnrves. D. D pastor Services at 1030 A. M. and 7:43 P. jf. Evening subject: "Peter'3 Shadow; or Unconscious Influence." Mr-Washington Presbyterian Chnrch, Rev. E. S. Farrand. pastor 1030 A. jr., "The 'Good Part Choen by Mary;" 7:30 P. at, "Complete in Christ;" 630 P. St., "Are We Good Stewards?" Lawrencevillo Presbyterian Church. Thirty ninth street, between Penn avenue and Bntler street. Rev. A. E Linn, pastor Subject. 1030 A. Jr., "Look and Live:" 730. "Esau's Regret." Lawrenceville English Lutheran Church, corner Forty-third and Butler strept. Rev. C. R. Harrah. pastor Services at 10:45 A. jr. and 730 p.m. Evening subject: "The Kama We Rear." Methodist Episcopal, Chtist Chnrch. Rev. G. W. Izer, D. D., pastor Morning subject: "Childhood and the Church." Evening dis course: Tne thirteenth in the Scripture char acters series. Fourth Avenue Baptist Church, Fourth avenue and Ross street, II. C. Applegartb, pastor 1030 A. Jr., "Worship;" 730 P. jr., ser mon to the Junior Order of the United Ameri can Mechanics. Oakland Baptist Church, Bates and Atwood streets. Rev. William Ward West, pastor Morning worship at 10:4k subject, "A Future Battle Ground." Gopel service at 730; sub ject. "A Clean Heart." Grace Reformed Church, rorner Grant street and Webster avenue. Rev. John H. Prugh. pastor Morning subject, "Sncti a Thing as Loving the World Too Much;" evening theme, "There Came a Leper." Central Presbyterian Church, corner of Forbos and Seneca streets, Rev. A. A. Mealy. Sastor Services at 1030 A. M. and 7:30 p. M. lorning subject, "A Song of Power;" evening subject, "Selling and Buying." Carson Street M. E. Chnrcb, Rev. G. L. , Guichard, pastor Preaching at 1030 A. jr. by Rev. J. W. Miles, who will administer the com munion. Evening service at 730 P. Jl. by pas tor. Subject, "The Water Healed." Unitarian Society, Mellon Bank building, 514 Smithfielil street, at 10:45 A. Jf.. Rev. J. G. Townsend, D. D., minister Topic: "Does Christianity Depend Upon a Belief in Miracles." ' Sermon subject: "George 'Washington." Sbadyside Presbyterian Church, AmDerson avenue. Rev. R. S. Holmes, D. D., pastor In the morning: Special memorial servicn com memorating life and worth of William O'H. Scully. Evening: 3ermon to young people. Shady Avenue Baptist Church, near Penn rilHi rtlll CAUTION. Scott's Emulsion is put up in salmon-colored wrappers. Be sure and get the genuine. Prepared ojily by Scott & Bowne, . Manufacturing Chemists, New York. , All Drj.ggists. . avenue. Dr. W. A. Stanton, pastor Services at 11 A. at, and 730 P. Jf.; morning subject, "Thren Misconceptions on the Part of Christians?' evening subject, "What is Sanctification T" Central Christian Chnrch, Pittsburg.corner Pride and Colwell street. Rev.H. W. Talmage, pastor Services at 1030 A. jr. and 730 P.M. Morning theme: "Glorying in the Cross of Christ," Evening: "Tho Great Denunciation." Oakland M. E. Chnrch. corner Forbes and Boqnet streets At the morning service Rev. Dr. Cnsbing. pastor of Fourth Street JL E. Church, will preach. Evening service the pastor, T. N. Eaton. Subject: "Not Ac quainted." Point Hrpez- Presbyterian Church, Rev. T. DoWitt Benham, pastor Morning service at 11 o'clock, subject, "Not Servants, but Friends-" evening service at 731 o'clock, subject, "Jesus of Nazareth Passethllv." Services conducted by the pastor. Lawrenceville Baptist Church Preaching by Rev. D. S.Mnlhern. pastor Services at 3 P. Jl. in the German church. Forty-fourth street, below Batten subject, "An Episode." Bible school at 130 P. jr.. Dr. J. C. Kennedy, superintendent. First U. P. Church. Seventh avenue Ser vices at 10:30 A. Jt.. by Rev. Wilbur F. Crafts, "Tho Sabbath Necessary tn Our Christianity and Our Country Alike," and at 730 p. jr., by the pastor, William C. Reid, D. D., "Tho Christian's Good." The Seventh CJ. P. Church, Forty-fourth street, Rev. J. D. Sands, pastor Services at 1030 A. IT. and 730 P. M. Mornmc subject, ;"The Oneness of Christ's Kingdom." Even ing, "Reading." the fourth sermon of tho se ries to thejoung. Second Presbyterian Church, corner of Penn avenne ami Seventh street. Rev. J. K. Sutherland. D. D., pasror Services at 1030 A. Jt. and 7:45 p. jr. Subject (in the morning. .Sleeping Disciples;" in the evenimr, "What Must I Do to-Be Saved From What:" Bollevue Presbvterlan Chnrch. Rev. New ton Donaldson, nsstor 1030. "How to Perse vere in the Christian Life": 730. "My Salvation Shall Not Tarry," Is. xivi. 13. Revival services such as havo been hold In this chnrch for tho last three weeks will be continued next week every evening except Saturday. . St- Peter's P. E. Churrh. Rev. W. R. Mackay. rector Evening at 7:30, "Anniversary Service" of the "Laymen's Missionary League." Sermon by the Rev. Dudley W.Rhodes. of Cincinnati. Sixteen Lay Evangelists and Lay Readers will be "set apart" to their work, and the "annual reports" will bo read. Rev. Charles Edward Locke, pastor of the Smithfield Street Methodist Episcopal Chnrch, corner Seventh avenue, will preach at 1030 A. Jr. and 730 r. jr. Morning subject, "Evidences of Communion Villi God?' evening subject. 'The Labor Which Satisfieth Not," Sunday school at 2 p. jr. Young people's meeting Sun day at 630 p. jr. Evangelistic services after evening sermon. Rev. A. W. Mann, general missionary, will hold services in sign language for deaf mutes at Edgewoodville in the morning and Calvary Church in the afternoon at 3 o'clock Sunday. February 221 Mr. Mann has just completed one of his stated missionary tours through Michigan, Illinois, Missouri. Indiana and Ohio in service of deaf mute missions, which he has planted in the large cities. Allegheny Churches. Nixon Street Baptist Church, J. S. Hutson, pastor Subject at 1030 A. Jr., "Supply and De mand;" at 730 P. JT, "I'he Glorious GospeL" Arch Street M. E. Chnrch. Rev. W. F. Conner, pastor 1030 A. Jr., "A Grain of Mus tard Seed;" 730 p. jr "Abraham, the Friend of God,' Sandusky Street Baptist Church, B. F. Woodbnrn, pastor 1030 A. jr.. "The Armor of the Soul?' 730 P. Jr., "The Supremacy of tho Spiritual." Central R. P. Church, Sandusky street.Re v. J. W. Sproull, pastor Subject, 10 A. jr., "Not One Among a Thousand?' at 3 p.m.. "TheOver flowing Waters." McClure Avenne Presbyterian Chnrch Services morning and evening conducted by the pastor. Rev. S. J. Glass. Y. P. S. U. E. meeting at 6:45. Trinity Lutheran Church, Stockton avenne and Arch street. Rev. Dr. J. G. Goettman. cas tor The Rev. P. G. Bell will conduct services morning and evening. North Avenue M. E. Chnrch The pastor, T. J. Leak, D. D., will preach in the morning on "Hope" and in tho evening the third in the series on "The Prodigal Son." North Presbyterian Church Services at 11 A. Jr. and 7:45 p. jr. The pastor. Rev. John Fox. will preach. Special services Tnesdar, Wednes day, Thursday and Friday at 7:45 p. jr. Second Congregational Church.corner North and Grant avenues. Rev. William McCracken, pastor Services, morning. "The Two Images;" evening, "The Law of Spiritual Growth." Green Street Baptist Church. Scott and Robinson streets. IC S. Laws, pastor Preach ing at 1030 A. Jr. and at 7 p. jr., from Ezekiel, xxxvli., 9-10. Subjecr, "From the Valley to the Mountain." Central Presbyterian Church, corner An derson and Larock streets. Rev. S. B. McCor mick, pastor Subject 10:45 a. jr.: "The Right Kind of Sacrifice;" 730 P. jr.: "Bitter Waters Made Sweet." Second P. M. Cbu-, Patterson street, Sjuthside,Rev. H. J, Buckingham. pastor Services at 1030 A. Jr. and 7 P. jr.: subjects, morning, "An Innumerable Host?' evening, "A Funeral Service." Emmanuel Church, second Sunday in Lent Holy communion 8 a- Jr.: morning prayer, litany and sermon, 10:45; evening prayer (choral), 730; lectnre on church history, sub ject, "The Puritan Innovators." Riverside M. E., Kerr street. Rev. W. G. Meade, pastor Preaching at. 10:45 a. jr. and 730 P. it. Evening subject: "Patriotism." Three councils of American Mechanics will attend the evening service in a body. First Christian Church, Mansfield Valley. Pa,. O. H. Philips, pastor Services, Lord's Day, February 22. 1S9I. morning theme, "Shamcar;" evening theme, '-This is the Finger of God." Sunday school services at 930 A. jr. Providence Presbyterian Church, Liberty near Cbestnnt street. Rev. W. A. Hinter. pas torUsual services at 1030 A. Jt; the anni versary of the organization of the Sabbath school will be observed with appropriate exer cises at 730 P. Jt. First Christian Church. W.'F. Richardson, pastor At 1030 A. jr., memorial services will be held in memory of Elder James Darslo. late assistant pastor of the church. Preaching by the pastor in the evening. Sunday school at 9 A. jr. Christian endeavor prayer meeting at 630 P. Jr. Averv Mission Church, North and Avery streets. Rev. R. P. Anderson, pastor 1030 A. jr., preaching by Rev. A. W. Fuller, A. M.. President Curtis' Memorial Seminary, Staun ton. Va.; subjecr, "Wintry Pilgrimage." Sab bath school at 2 o'clock: 330. grand Jubilee, conducted by Rev. G. W. Clinton. A. M.; 730, song service by Avery Mission choir. ISSinl iiiiiisp lit La&y Have yoa new Robbers? Snd LaJ'j.Vfhj, no! These are toe old scflj drueedicitb, Wolff'sAOEBlacking It males thorn look like new; and my ahoea also dressed with it, hold their polish UNDKU. tha robber, even should tha scow creep to. Change a Pine Table to Walnut. A Poplar Kitchen Press to Antique Oak; A Cane Rocker to Mahogany. ,' Eso what can bo done with 2 S C. worth cf t 4 ft wrfi av ir THmoua Tnr 7". ' WOIFP iiRAIIDOLPH, Philadelphia.. 0at in Jtrnj.'"' "". 2Zam4 FurnMina 5r' ainuicAu WHITTiefi 814 T.CNX AVJSUB riTT-atUllU. 1M. As old residents know and back files of Pitts, burg papers prove, is the oldest established and most prominent physician in tbo city, de voting special attention to all chronic diseases. fiprrsNO FEE UNTILCURED MCDnQand mental disease', physical lit.ll V UUO decay. nervous dcoility, lackof energy, ambition ana bopp, impaired memory, disordered sicht, self ditrusr, bashfulness, dizziness, sleeplessness, pimples, eruptious, im poverished blood, failing powers, organic weak ness, dyspepsia, constipation, consumntion, un fitting the person for business, society and mar riage, permanently, safely and privately cared. BLOOD AND SKINseUri1 blotches, falling hair, bones, pains, glandular, swellings, ulcerations of tongne, mouth, throat, ulcers, old sores, are cured for life, and blood poisons thoroughly eradicated from the svsteiu. IIRIMARV feillneT an(1 bladder derango U Ml It Am 1 1 meats, weak back, gravel, ca tarrhal discbarges, inflammation and other painful symotoms receive searching treatment, prompt relief and real cure. Dr. Whittier'. life-long, extensive experienca insures scientific and reliable treatment on. common-sense principles. Consultation free. Patients at a distance? as carefully treated as if here. Office hours. 8 A. M. to 8 P. 3t. Sunday. 10 A. ir. to 1 p. m. only. 1)U. WHITTIER. SU Penn avenue. Pittsburg, Pa. jaS-19-Dsmvk NERyEfANO BRAIN TREATMENT Spedflc for Hysteria, IMzztaes9,Fits,Neardeia,'W&k&. fulness. Mental Depression, Softening of tho Drain, re BTiltinff In insanity and leading1 to misery decar and death. Premature Old Age, Barrenness. Loss of Power In either sex. Involuntary Losses, and Spermatorrhoea caused by oTer-esertion of tho brain, self-abuo or orer-indnlgence. Each box contains one month's treat-1 ment. Zl a box, or six for 5 gent by mail prepaid.' Vitlii eactx order for six boxes, will send purchaser) guarantee to refund money if ih-j treatment fails to exx iin-irTtef - ' -a- old only b EMILG.STUCKY, Druggist, ; 1701 and 2401 Penn ave., and Corner Vr'ylie aa3 Fulton St, PITTSBURG, PA. inyl5-51-TTS3n ELECTRIC BELT WEAEtSE, InMEN debilitate 1 $&$?&&& W"" MTJAKANTEE to fjUllE by this Kerr 1 JII'KU VEO JCJ.SCTKIC BELT or KKfrU-NDilONEY. a . for this specifle nnrnose. Core or Physical w eak-n-si. glrlnr rreelT. SI1W. boothlnjr. Continuum Currents of Electricity thronsh all weak parti, restoring them to HEALTH and VIGOROUS bl'ltENGTH. Electrle current iclt Instantly, or we forfeit 5,000 In cash. BELT Complete j and up. Worst cases Permanently Cured In threa months. Mealed pamphlets free. Call on or ad-' dress SAXDEN ELECTltlC CO.. 819 Broadway. Mew York. my -i:-TlS3u DOCTORS LAKE SPECIALISTS in all cases re quiring scientific aud confiden tial treatment! Dr. S. X Lake. JL R. a P. S.. Is the oldest and most experienced specialist la the city. Consultation free and trictlv confidential. Offica hours S to i and 7 to 8 P. Jr.: Sundays, Z to 1 P. jr. Consult them personally, or write. Doctor Laxe. cor. Penn ave. and 4th St., Pittsburg; Pa je3-72-DWfc "Wood's ni.osii.ocaJL3a.e- THE GREAT EXGLIbU REMEDY. Used for 35 years -mr ot Youthful f olh) bythousandssne- &rMir"-t and theexcessetf ccssfslly. Guar- (m-aJK-Xtf of later years. anteed to cure all "UM a Gives immediate forms of Nervous ?t2?33' strength. andviQ- vveakness. Emu- fi rlfriA -- "" ' arwrinsi sions. Snennator- ocaUUwfcP for Wood's Phos-rhe-Tlmootency. "'"""' ifl- phodlne; taken nrt -n th. Afr.rt . Photo from Ufa, mhstltnta. On package, $1; six. $5. by mail. Write forpamphlei Address TheiWood Chemical Co., 131 Woodward ttvs, Detroit, illch. 49Sold In Pittsburg; Pa., by Joseph Fleming & Son, Diamond and Market sts. oc3-83-jrwFSWkEowle HOME CUREOR MEN. Men who are lacking in vital force and vigor, or are weak and nervous from any cause, send t at once for sealed Information. FREE, of ths; New Common Sense Home Cure. !io electric' nonsense. Ho stomach drugging. Certain cure for all Weaknesses of men. Address Albion Pharmacy Co., Box 194, Albion Mich. 113M2-TTS il Jl Borne answer cheerily, because they are irril and full of life. Others snfferine from SEBT OUS DHUIHT. etc. answer RlooTnlly. mj3 JLJ.llilA M. -girt. OUR HEW BOOK I sent seaiea, free or alltn.fed.fme. Guar anteed Testimonials. fxe!tfre 3tethot9. SifefCffS Uniform EBIE 3IE01CA.Ii CO., Buffalo. N.Y. Leant "WHAT AILS YOU?" WEAKFREE TOAX.L) MEN! rp healed Treatise, explaining abso lute and perfect CUBE without tomarh druscinz. for Lost Man hood. Nervous Debility. Lack ot hmm Vlcor and Development. Premature Decline. Funo- Uonal Disorders. Kidney and Bladder Diseases, etc. iddrtu TBI SiSSTOX CO., U firk Flirt, Sew Tori, J. I. OCll-TTSWk! H-n-rrnDTuruitfinn FffEffr. owjmTMm vriin mtuiiAi- iLwira-iii" f t -ii rminffT" flUnATTTO afl NERVOUS DIS-EASE3 in both lnM. n ..! i at tttta KuV litytvuM flfJiiiTIttiV WOT D9 KSll Mil TUU . "-- -- . -wm THE PERU CHEMICAL CO., MIIWAUIH,13 TTSSU Suffering from the effects ot -v.t --! ii i early decay, wastlni? weakness, lost manhood, et&, I will send a valuable treatise (sealed) contalnba3 full particulars tor homo enre, FREE of chargo. A splendid medical work : should be read by every man who Is nrvon and debilitated. Address, Prof; F. c. fowler, Itloodaa, Coaa de-jl-DSuWK Pi Caleb-ste-- EncUidi Dfanond Brmad. 'ENHYR0YAL PILLS W v Ortxlnal and Only Cemifite. v t ,.3"V llir linn mII.VI. . -. .-. --. Drtu?m for Chk4tcri Xnni. Dia-M vmond Brand la Ked and Gold mettlHeY Iboxes. seated with bios ribbon. Tka tio and irrftaticnu. JUDn.gtisra,ort?0(14b a rtsmpi for psrtlcoUrt , twUmcroUlj tod uRir fm r.iiu wi. . .. - Mwutm i'luuu Tnmonils. Nam rapcr Solifry all Local Dnialng. Fhlai. Paw deoH-TH3 LADIES 0?L? Female Beans, the most powerful female regulator Per. fecuy safe. Merer fail. i, pcitpaid. Send ac (stamp) for partfcalus. Address LION DRUG CO. Buffalo, N.Y Sold by JOS. FIiEilINQ & SON, 2M.kot iSr . . 1 apTMO-m . JE31K- OEpOfi 1m - Vv J3
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers