"V y TW?jre TT" SS." TSSHTTfSr ra-t - i 10 greatest and cheapest motor power, elec tricity, irill be universally used. Some idea may be gained ot the luporior power of the new motors, by statins that it will then only require three days to go to Europe, and only two or three days will he consumed in a railroad trip to California. The factory that I run, which now consumes a great quantity of coal daily, will need only a small basketful of coal to keep it going all day. Great factories that annually burn thousands of tons of coal will be run on sev eral tons, say two or three, or a few more per annum, saving many thousands of dol lars. The cost of living, the cost of goods, the cost of nearly everything will be re duced. It will cost nothing to make ice. It will be a revolution, not to throw anyone out of employment, not to ruin any industry, but to benefit mankind and civilization in general. LOOKING FORWARD HOPEFULLT. "I have never ceased to work on the prob lem, therefore I have hope. It may be years before I get niucn nearer the solution and it may be directly. Certainly, I have enough ambition to wish to solve the great riddle. It is the problem of the age, but it may be left for future generations to work out. Perhaps greater minds in the centuries to come will find it easy and laugh at our ignorance. Is it not incredible that the ancient Komans and Greeks, who had so much culture, who were living in a high state of civilization, possessed of wonderful reasoning powers, quick to perceive, should not know anything at all about electricity? Their minds did not conceive or have any inkling of the power of electricity, or, In deed, what it was, and the only interpreta tion is that they had their limitations in in tellect. Nature did so much for them and no more, and they could not go beyond their ignorance. "In a thousand years from now, or even sooner, the people who exist then may have minds that can see and understand easily phenomena which are now a mystery to us. Ve may be looked upon as an ignorant race and what we have done considered nothing. I believe in the higher development of the human intellect, and it will only require time for minds to become almost infinite. "Ye now look upon the achievements we have accomplished lu science as something be- fond the comprehension of people who ived several centuries ago. We may oc cupy a relatively like position to those who come after us centuries hence." "Are you trying to discover anything be sides the problem you have mentioned? " DISCOVERY VERSUS INVENTION. "I never try to discover anything be cause I am an inventor. There "is a big dif ference between a discovery and an inven tion. Discovery is an accident and an in vention is a creation. Mr. Bell discovered the telephone; he did not invent it I in Tented the talking part." "Did you not discover how to send du plex messages?" "No, I did not. I simply invented or studied out the system of sending duplex messages. Invention requires work yes, months and oiten years ot hard application. Probably the inventor makes a discovery that will enable him to complete his inven tion. After long work perhaps some little thing is discovered that gives the oase prin ciple the inventor is seeking. But I never think of making a discovery. A great many people erroneously suppose that Sir Isaac Newton discovered the law of gravi tation. He never discovered, but he in vented the law of gravitation. All that romance about his sitting under the apple tree and making the discovery by seeing an apple fall reads beautifully, but it is not in consonance with the .acts. He invented the law of gravitation to explain certain phe nomena of nature. Even alter he invented the law of gravitation he was doubtful about it, because some calculations he had made in regard to the moon he believed to be inaccurate. Sdme years afterward a great mathematician worked out the propo sition correctly, and so proved Sir Isaac Newton's law of gravitation. Discoveries, as a rule, are made by inventors, men who spend their time trying to study out prob lems." NOT A SCIENTIFIC MAN. "Often en inventor is confounded with scientists. I am not a scientific man, and make no pretense in that direction. What ever I attempt to invent, I have a specific end in view viz., to apply it to commercial uses. I am not a wizard, pouring over books and weighing nice words of logio to prove theories." "Do you believe in scientific men?" "Yes, in some of them, when it comes to certain practical questions. But suppose, for instance, that a committee of 25 great Bavans should be appointed to investigate and tell the hidden power of water and its application. "Well, these learned gentle men might write for half a century and pile up volumes and yet we would not be able to do any more with water than we do now. No more would we know about it." "It was reported once that you had in vented a process to convert dirt into food?" "That was an April fool joke. But great strides are being made in that direction. In Germany recently a scientific association met and reported upon an invention that will, at least, enable the world to produce more edible stuff These chemists, headed by Victor Meyer, who is now one of the greatest living chemists and an American boy, have discovered that food can be made from wood. The cellulose in wood has the same formula as sugar and starch and can be converted into various edibles. And these edibles, of course, will not be at all unpalatable or unwholesome. People bare wrong ideas about many of the edibles made artificially. Many are just as healthy as the natural product. Ton perhaps have heard that butter is often made out of mud from the bottom of the Thames river. It is not actually from the mud, but from the grease from sewers that gathers in the mud. Why, oleomargarine is good, if not better, and, to my ideas, decidedly more whole some and purer tban butter, "if made in an honest way. It is often made by dishonest people and theieiore is impure. No doubt some manufacturers make it better and purer than others, but when bad people, in order to get bigger profits, manufacture cheap oleomargarine it forces others to adopt the same dishonest method." DANGER FROM ELECTRICITY. "As the use of electricity becomes more universal will not the death rate from acci dents be accordingly increased?" "No, but the death rate will be reduced to a minimum, or rather there will be none at all. There is no reason why death should occur from coming in contact with electric wires. Dishonesty, greed and recklessness are really the causes for all the deaths that occur from electric wires, and there is a remedy. An electric company will deliber ately use small, cheap copper wires that carry a strong, deadly current, when for a larger outlay of money large copper wires, which do not carry deadly currents, could be purchased. It is simply a matter of par simony, for instance, a company will fre quently use small copper wires that cost ?2,000,"knowiug full well that a deadly cur lent will be in them, rather than pay $8,000 or 10,000 for large wires that would be harmless. Yet there is a cry against the deadly electric wires. "Some of my wires are in lower Broadway in constant use, and no ouc has ever been hurt by them. Why? The wires are large and will last safely until the twenty-fifth cantury. As long as there are no laws regu lating the size of electric wires of course fatalities may be expected. Steam boilers are inspected, and why electric wires are not is a mystery to me. They could be policed, so to speak, and made as safe as wagons run ning along the streets. I say that the elec tric wires I mean the small, cheap, high tension wires ought to come under strict in spection laws. It not, why deaths may be expected to occur frequently. WIRES SHOULD BE HARMLESS. "When the men composing companies that put in operation small and deadly wires grow honest and th- world is nothing but an ely sium of confidence, then no inspectors of wires will be needed. A sarcastic echo an swers when? Benjamin Franklin was in deed right when he said that anything that TT2B worth doing was worth doing well. There is no reason why every city in the Union should not have electric light com panies using wires that are absolutely harm ltS. Wh t i-p fl fvr nji- fl t.s" I .IpJ lars when safety against loss of life ii in sured. The cheap companies usually get the job." "Do you tblpk that lighting by elec tricity is becoming more popular?" "Certainly; because it is getting cheaper every day and gives a better light than gas. I do not mean to say that gas will be driven out of use, for it will not. It will certainly be done away with as lighting material, and will be used chiefly to heat nothing more. Already many gas companies have turned their attention toward heating and suc ceeded admirably. As a lighting material gas smokes, but used in heating it does not. The smoke from a gas store naturally goes up the chimney, and gas as a fuel is much cheaper and cleaner tban coal. There are no ashes, no tronble, and none of the annoy ances that como with handling coal. ARTIFICIAL HEATING GAS. "This is beginning to be the era of gas heating. Look at the gas used in many towns where natural gas has been discov ered. Why cannot gas be made for heating purposes just as reasonable in price as for lighting? The cost is much smaller than coal or wood heat and infinitely preferable. Electricity is essentially adapted" for light ing purposes and is superior in many re spects. It is becoming cheaper every day. Only 2 per cent of the coal is turned into light. It is really a savint; to use gas for heat, and within the past two years it has become very popular as a heating medium." "Have you ever thought of inventing a flying machine, the motor force of which would be electricity?" "Yes, I have given some study to the question and, of course, made some experi ments in that direction. The bumblebee is a fine model to study for a flying machine, and the more I study that species ot a high order of birds the more complex does the flying machine problem appear. The bum blebee flies by the aid of motor power alone. It has no natural aid, but must depend upon the rapid working of its wings to fly. There is no wind and no feathers to assist the bee; it has small wings, entirely out of propor tion to its large, robust body, and when it flies, the wings, as any observer can see, are worked so rapidly it is impossible- to calcu late the number of Hops to the minute. THE MODEL IXTINQ MACHETE. But the little bird must, perforce, be the model to solve the flying machine puzzle, because it is propelled simply by native motive power. Could this bumblebee carry the weight of another bee on its back is a question often asked. Well, it cannot, and even if a flying machine were invented on its model it would not be capable of carry ing any weight save its own. Nature has done so much and failed to go any further. "lou see, if wings were applied to man they would have to be quite small in order to be worked rapidly. Large wings could not be moved rapidly enough, so the ques tion ot flying would never be settled by large wings, even if the motive propelling power were a thousand times greater than any yet conceived of. A man might have wings constructed to carry bis weight, but that would be all. Like the bumblebee, he would be unable to do anything save carry his own weight, and that by sheer force of great power. Now, sea gulls have large wings, entirely out of proportion with their small bodies. But tbey have little motive power, and are simply kept up like a kite by the winds. If you will notice a gull you will rarely see it work its wings,but it keeps them outstretched and sails around the air in a beautiful style. No flying machine could skim about on the bosom of the wind like the sea gull. All birds propel themselves by flying and sailing. It is a natural action, but man cannot acquire it, at least not now in this day and generation, when so many secrets of nature slumber before the savant's eyes for years. We can only go back to nature and pause and wait for years to un derstand the phenomena that now seem a mystery to our very finite minds. doesn't hope to fly. "I am not so sanguine about a flying machine, because nature has her limita tions. Anyway many of hey secrets lie hidden from us and remain to enrichand glorify some b'ight and wonderful era in the future. Perhaps a century or so from now the flying principle in man will be invented or discovered. Things unheard and un dreamed of may come to light in the future and place us in th- category of being too stupid to imagine an i much les to invent them. But I have nothing to do with the future. If there ever will be a flying machine capable of carrying not only one man but other weight with it, I, at present, cannot conceive it. There are certain fixed principles in nature we cannot ignore. Wc cannot pull ourselves through space by our own boot straps, and we cannot leap 'from the top of a house witohut climbing on lop first," ., "Why not take the bumblebee model and try it?" "Nature made the bumblebee with motive power enough to carry its own weight and no more. Why it did not give the bumble bee more power I cannot explain; it is be yond the comprehension of my very finite mind. Man was not constructed with wings, and so he has to wait and solve the problem which nature gave to the bumblebee and birds." "Do you think the phonograph will ever be universally used?" FUTURE OF THE PHONOGRAPH. "It is already becoming indispensable to hundreds of great business houses. I know that many men, as soon as they use it, de clare they had rather talk to their sten ographers, but if any man will give the phonograph three days' trial, he will not part with it. I know a number of men who at first did not like it, but now they con stantly use it and save three or four hours of valuable time each day. The business man can get down to his office and talk off enough in half or one hour to his phonographs to keep five or six typewriters busy three or four hours. If that is not a wonderful time saver, I would like to see it beaten. It is all well and good for a nu: to say that he can dictate rapidly tc a stenographer, but no matter how fast he talks to a phonograph, it is all there, and any one can hear and write it out afterward. "I predict that phonographs will entirely change the present system of answering business letters and writing communica tions. It is one of those inevitable things that prejudice and a lingering desire not to adopt a new method cannot affect Look how the telephone is used now, and how it facilitates business. Well, the phonograph will soon be in vogue, and people will won der why they had never used them before. It is one of the greatest labor-saving ma chines." "Do j-ou believe that the present style of telegraphy will soon be done away with?" NEW ORDER IN TELEGRAPHY. "Yes, but not until the old timers have disappeared. The operators now have a deep seated prejudice against any invention that will simplify telegraphy. But some of the inventions have already been made, and it is only a question of time when a man can rush into a telegraph office, scratch off a note to his wife in Chicago and the exact duplicate of his note will be delivered over the wire to his wife. This will not be all by any means.but maps, pictures (newspaper pictures) will be transmitted promptly by wire. These new inventions will be for the coming generation to see in practical use. The old stagers will fight, of course, to keep the new order of things from coming rapidly into practical use, because it will interfere with their occupation." The Wizard's day is a long one. Some times he refuses to see visitors, and before he married his second wife he often forgot to stop work lor his meals. Thus his health became impaired, and, although naturally of splendid physique, he began to feel the rebellion of nature, Mrs. Edison has rem edied all this. She allows her lord and master to work as hard as he pleases until 1 o'clock every day, and then she sends her carriage to bring him to lunch. The family consists of the Wizard and his wife, two boys and a little girl, the latter the child of nis second marriage. Mr. Edison's eldest daughter is studying mnsic in Germany. THE WIZARD'S LUNCHEON HOUR. What a jolly lunch houritisl Sometimes there are a few guests, and if not the family sit down together and for an hour there is animated conversation to aid digestion. .Mrs. Edison is a beautiful woman, about 24 years is a fine talker, has flashing hazel eyes, a crown oi brown hair nnd a clear olive com plexion. She kuows very well how to drets, and looks charming in some simple French made gown of soft stuff. The house that they live in is a "handsome structure of brick and wood. There is an air of comfort on all sides, and one of the most noticeable things about it is the profusion of plants and flowers In every room. There are plenty of cozy nooks in it and a dozen handsomely furnished rooms, with open fireplaces and many of the windows of stained glass, let ting in a flood ot varied colored sunlight. If you should happen to be present at night you would be astonished to see the house lighted up by the electric light It can be compared to nothing better, perhaps, than to a fairy's palace. Thereis a library stocked with rare books, splendid paintings and etchings on the walls, and in the dining room a magnificent collection of silver and crystal. While it is a stylish house, every thing has been sacrificed for comfort After lunch Mr. and Mrs. Edison sometimes play billiards for an hour or so, or the wizard may lie in one of his hammocks swinging near his conservatory, with a volume of Dante in his hand. Sometimes he catches a 10 minutes' nap and awakes like a giant re freshed. CHICKEN RAISING HIS HOBBY. Adjoining his house is a poultry yard, for raising fancy breeds of chickens is one of Mr. Edison's hobbies. There are a number of greenhouses and abundant pasture for the Aldemey cows and horses. At 6 o'clock Mr. Edison stops work and goes to dinner. The evening is spent in a drive or in chat ting with some of the callers who constantly overrnn the place. There is no restriction put upon visitors. A great many hundred curiosity seekers visit Llewellyn Park just to catch a glimpse of the inventor. Some times they succeed and many times they do not, for Edison is only human after all and his nature is a bit perverse. By midnight the house is in darkness, except on some special occasion when the light burns long in the library, and then it may be known that the great inventor has something on his mind and is trying to solve an intricate problem. Bat as a rule his life is methodi cal. He goes to bed in good season and gets up betimes. He works hard all day and sleeps like a plowboy at night He seldom goes away from his home, and those who want to see him on important matters mnst journey out to him. He dislikes publicity very much. He has never been seen at a great public banquet in New York or elsewhere, and he finds little to interest him in the theater or opera, although he is a great lover of music. In addition to all his other accomplishments, he plays very prettily on the piano and often passes an hour in that amusement Per haps while his fingers are wandering over the ivory keys his mind is in another land, where the shadows become realities and where, by the touch of his magic wand, he may bring forth some great invention that will benefit the entire hnmanracel He will be wise, indeed, who could say what Edison will do next I Wallace Weston. SHOOTING CANVAS-BACKS, An Early Moraine Scene at the Month of the Susquehanna In Maryland Hot a Shot is Fired Before 6 O'clock In the Horning. New Tort Tribune. It is a little before 6 o'clock in the morn ing, an early winter morning, at the mouth of the Susquehanna. The postoffice nearest is Havre de Grace, Md. Peace and quiet reign on land and water, 'save for the rustle and chatter of the wild fowl. And what a host of wild fowl, to be surel Red-heads and broad-bills and teal; marsh-fowl and brant and canvas-hacks. Some swim in well-ordered flotillas on the open water. Some are diving and dredging in the mud near the shore. Some are flying overhead in marshalled lines. Some are busy amid the grasses and sedges that fringe the banks. Some are seeking the aromatic wild celery beds and gorging themselves upon the suc culent herbage. These last are the canvas backs, the epicures among birds and the favorite prey of epicures among beings of a higher order. There is little to be heard but the multi tudinous clamor of the birds and the faint splashing of the waves, sounding eerie enough in the half-light of early morning. But now and then there is the faintest dip of a muffled paddle, or the splash of an un wary foot. For the last half hour gray fig ures have been gliding hitherward through dusk and mist, booted to the hips and girt about with cartridge hells and crowned with caps or helmets; bearing long, double-barreled guns and stealing across the meadows and through the tall grasses to the waterside as though preparing an ambush for a deadly foe. One by one they sink into places of safe hiding, and as the hour ot 5 draws neir all havs vanished from sight, behind the grass and sedge, or plaited wattles, or painted screens. Crackl goes a gun away off yonder, on that grassy point that juts into the stream. It is fired by some one whose wateh is a trifle fast, for it still lacks a minute of the hour of 5. But while the faint smoke wreaths are yet curling upward, crackl crackl from 100 neighboring ambuscades, like prodigiously multiplied echoes of the first shot. The grasses seem spitting jets of flame, and the retreating mists of morning are chased skyward by spirals of pale blue smoke, and 1,000 startled wings flap in mid-air, and many a fowl falls whirling from the flight amid scattering featheis and drifting down, and there are tramplings of feet in the shallow water and the splashing of muffled oars, and sea and shore are echo ing to 1,000 deadly shots, and the day's great slaughter has begun. This is the daily scene during the season prescribed by law from the 1st of November to the 1st of April. The law does not permit shooting before 6 o'clock in the morning. But every true sportsman seeks to begin promptly at that hour. So, whether the night be fine or rain or snow be falling, they turn out before daylight and forsake their comfortable beds for the wet and the cold of the river and bay. And when they return home at the end of the day it is their pride to bear upon their backs or piled high in their boats huge masses ot black and green and brown and red, the feathered trophies of the hunt Not always, however, does the largest pile of slaughtered fowls cause the greatest satisfaction. There is a law of qnality as well as ot quantity here as elsewhere. A brace of the shy and comparatively scarce canvas-backs will furnish better cause for pride than half a dozen of the commoner and coarser redheads. Those sportsmen who have an eye to distinction, therefore, seek the wild celery fields and let the grass feeding flocks alone. Every year the wild celery becomes less abundant, and in equal ratio the birds that feed upon it and incor porate its spicy flavor into their own flesh become less plentiful. But the flocks of plebian fowl know no diminution. No matter how great the slaughter this year, next year will see the gunning as profitable C0ACHWG KAYOS GHAUT. Ward McAllister Has Him in Hand and Pro poses to Polish Him Up Nicely. Philadelphia Press. Ward McAllister has taken Mayor Grant under his aristocratic protection, and with one or two other friends and some remark ably fine specimens of repeating fowling pieces they have gone down to the Chesa peake Bay region to shoot ducks on a pre serve. McAllister's intimacy with Mayor Grant is a comparatively recent development It is probably a delight to the Mayor, whose social aspirations have become very aristo cratic since he became chief magistrate of the city. In his earlier days the Mayor found his chief social entertainment in going about in a flannel shirt and belted trousers at the picnics of uptown chowder clubs. Secretary Whitney has given him some considerate drill in social require ments, and now that McAllister and he are chummy, it is quite likely that the Mayor, as an eligible batchelor, will become a con spicuous fiaure at the Patriarchs' ball next vintcr. THE PITTSBURG- DISPATCH,- WOOING HEIRESS One of Howard Fielding's young Friends Tfells His Experience in Lore and Poverty. PATIENCE AT THE SEASHORE. At First it Was tbe Honey, but After Awhile it Was the Girl That Wat) the Attraction. AN OUTING SUIT FOB N0TEMBEB. How a Lightning Chisgi Act is Clothing Wis Ac eenjllilied is a Dark Hillwiy. rWBlTIEH TOE THB DIS1MTCH.3 The last time TEeard from Jack Hartley he was going ;o marry an heiress. I had his word for it 1 should have preferred hers. However, there was a chance that the news might be true, and I rejoiced to hear it, because I had a Btrong affection for Jack and a large bundle of his L O. TJ's. The latter I still retain. Aside from ray interest in Jack as a friend and debtor, I had reason to hope that his matrimonial venture would prove a suc cess, financially. It was I who advised him to choose marriage as a career. He could not lie steadily enough for tbe law nor brilliantly enough for journalism. He knew just enough to be a doctor but couldn't cover up the lact and look wise. In short, I did not think he was likely to suc ceed in the more honorable professions. But for love-muking, Jack was wonderfully endowed. He had a handsome face with eyes that took on a tender expression at the sight of a pretty girl or a 810 gold piece or a pie. HE HAD YEARNING EYES. In fact, it didn't make much difference what it was. Jack's eyes were always yearning and tnnder. He was born so. But if tbe girl didn't see him looking at the pie or at some other girl, she might easily be persuaded that he loved her alone. Then he had one of those figures which even a tailor can fit. Why, my clothes looked so much better on him than they did on me that it was almost a pleasure to lend them to him. I hadn't seen him since the early spring until I met him on the street last Thurs day. It was a cold day. I had to go to New Jersey, and the thermometer, also, was very low down. It was on my way to the ferry that I met Jack. He had a summer overcoat buttoned np to the chin. Used to Hake a Model of Jack. Thin, and somewhat gaudy pantaloons, a pair of tan-colored tennis shoes, and a light, soft, felt hat completed his visible attire. He ran up to me hastily. "Howdy, old boy," said he, "don't say a word. I know all about it I look like an early crocus on the morning after the great blizzard, but please don't refer to it. Lend me 50." IT WAS A SUDDEN SHOCK. "Gently, Jack," said I, "remember I'm subject to heart disease, and the mention of a large sum of money suddenly like that might bereave my family. I have 65 cents." "Then lend me half a dollar." "Can't do it, old man; I'm sorry, but "Five cents, Howdy, for heaven's sake, unless you want these yellow shoes to drive me craay." "But you can't get a new pair of shoes for 6 cents," I said. "Of course not; but I'm going to have these blacked. They won't shine much, but they'll be disguised, and that's what I care about most. She's seen 'em before." "She, the heiress?" I asked hopefully. "Shall I congratulate you, Jack?" "No, confound it, congratulate her. I didn't win her. Lend me that nickel and I'll tell you all about it while my shoes are being brought up to date." He climbed into a convenient chair, and the artist went to work, while Jack told his story. A TALE 0! LOVE. "It was last June," said he, "when I made up my mind that I couldn't stand poverty any longer. Poverty I If I could ever have worked up to the level of honest poverty, it wouldn't have been so bad. But I was $500 beyond poverty, on the wrong side. And my salary was $15 a weekl Howdy, it was enough to drive a man to suicide. In fact, living any longer at my boarding house would have been tantamount to suicide of an aggravated type. At this critical mo ment in my life I first heard the name of Myrtie Leigh." "The heiress?" "Yes; the heiress. I confess that I thought only of her money. I had never seen her. I supposed she was like other women. But, sir, if one word that I speak of her in telling you tbia story, or one thought of her in my soul, now or at any time, fails in the most perfect respect for her, may I be, may I be , may that shoe return to its original colorl" and in his deep emotion he waved the blacked one in the air. SUMMER OK THE BEACH; "But when I first heard of her wealth all in her own right, too," he resumed; "and learned that she was to spend the summer at Great Beach, Me., with nobody to look out for her but a mother from whom she could not possibly have inherited that sound good sense of hers which afterward stood so confoundedly in my way when I' heard of all this I resolved to go down there and win her heart and hand. Yes; and especially her money. Well, of course the primary consideration was an outfit of summer clothes. I raised every cent I could. I mortgaged myself body and soul to anybody -who could be'deluded into a belief that the security was worth anything. Ibought the stunningest well, sir, just look at that vest!" He opened his overcoat, and the "blazer" which I discovered beneath it, and showed me a vest that was more beautiful than a summer sunset, and as far out of season, in November. 'I've been selling off 'most of my ward robe," said he, "but I couldn't part with that" "When you sold your clothes, why didn't you buy somethine for winter?" I asked. A STURDY OLD UNCLE. "I never thought of it," said he. "She wasn't coming to New York till November. and I thought that something would surely turn up to help' me out before this time. I've got a rich uncle who is 98, and an in valid. He's always worst in the fall, espe cially ii it's cold and damp. Have you noticed anything the matter with the weather lately?" "No, S haven't," said I, "it's been Very mild." "But I had n ornt ttmn this summer'. I SUNDAY, NOVEMBER- 16, got in with the best set at Great Beach easily enough, and met Miss Leigh. The stories they told down there abont her money kept me awake nights, thinking up schemes for being agreeable. At first I was much encouraged; she is such a kind, gentle, sympathetic girl. I worked the sympathy dodgefor all it was worth in vented noble aspirations every day, and new kinds of blight to kill 'em with. She was so truthful, so absolutely and entirely honest that it was almost no trouble at all to lie to her." A CONSCIENCE SHIVER. He paused and shivered. It may have been the cold, but I gave his conscience the benefit of the doubt, and thought the better of him for it "At the end of a month," he continued, "I was ready to propose. I had carefully prepared a way to be led into it inadvert ently. One hasty word was to reveal my secret. Then I was to call myself a pre sumptuous beggar.and offer to take the next boat, whether it was going my way or not I believe if I had made that bluff and it had failed, I shonldn't have waited for any boat I should have started right across tbe Atlantic Ocean on foot. But, old man, I didn't make it. I couldn't. The very day that I had set for this proposal I fell in love with her in good earnest, or, rather, I perceived that I was in love with her. She wasn't a girl to strike a man like me suddenly. Her beauty was too sweet and natural. EDUCATED IN BEAUTY. "My taste for beauty had been educated, or rather depraved, by walking around New York. I'd cot to thinking that a woman, to be beautiful, must be pencilled so black-and powdered so white that her face looks like a crayon sketoh on the bottom of a soup plate. She wasn't that kind. And when my better judgment came to life again, and I saw her as she really was, every other face in the world went into total eclipse. I saw how good she was too; and when all this came over me, I could no more have opened my mouth to say I loved her, than a man with the lockjaw could bite a big apple. Be Took Off Hy Overcoat. "I was her slave after that You should have seen me rowing her around, the bay in the blazing sun, or carrying her sketching implements and chair up hill on a hot day. You know that when a woman goes to sketch she takes twelve times as much stuff as she can possibly use. She always has a paint box with enough coloring matter in it to paint a dozen barns. Then she used to make a model of me. I had to Bit on a log holding a little brat in my arms while she got us both down on canvas in about four hours. She wanted the brat especially be cnuse he was so 'delightfully dirty,' as she called it HE HELD HIS PEACE. "Two months of that, old man, and not a word of love have I said to her. I have withstood moonlight in a canoe, and banjo duets on the shores of lonely islands, and the sweetest confidence that ever a woman misplaced. And I have watched my pilof borrowed money fade away and have thought of the inexhaustible boodle old Leigh must have left, and yet I have held my peace. "Well, sir, at last I had to come back to town, leaving my heart behind me. I also left my trunk, but not with her. If she should find it out!" Jack fairly turned green at the thought "I made the landlord promise never to reveal my secret I told him all the lies that had been foaming and seething inside of me ever since I had ceased to tell her anything but the troth. What few winter clothes I have in the world aro in that trunk; and these gay and diaphanous robes are getting more and more conspicuous every day. I intended that they should excite remark, and in one way my success has been beyond my antici- Eations. Do you suppose I could have this at blacked, too?" J Went Over Into Cheerless Jersey. "I don't know. Jack," said I, "but haven't you any plans?" JACK HAD PLANS. "Certainly," he replied, "I must work and save. I nm getting $18 a week now, and there are 19 attachments on my salary. I have made a calculation which shows that if ever I get out of debt, and I don t lose my situation nor get sick nor spend more tban is absolutely necessary, my savings will war rant me in marrying on the Fourth of July in the year 2890. 1 firmly believe that Uncle Joe will live to that date.if I do." "Why aren't you at work to-day?" I asked. "I am attending my grandmother's funeral," said he. "In other words, Miss Leigh is coming to-day. She has been in Philadelphia. She will come over that ferry; will pass up this street I must see her; though I dare not speak to her in this scarecrow rig. She will ride, of course, and I mav heavens, Howdy, here1 she come?! Walking, don't you see her? What shall I do? I can't stand this. Howdy, if you love me; it you even pity me; lend me that coat. Here this will do." IT WAS HIGHWAY EOBBEKY. He crowded me into a doorway, and be fore I realized what he was about he had pulled off my overcoat and his own. Then his "blazer" and my undercoat followed. He was inside my garments in a second, and had started down the street at a rapid pace. The next instant I saw him lift my hat to a sweet-faced girl and her mother; and I knew by the look in the eyes that met his for a moment that he had won already a prize far better than the money he had sought. I also reflected with satisfaction that he would get that, too, some day, if his friends' ward robe didn't give out. Then I put on his "blazer" and his thin overcoat, and his little white hat, and went over into cheerless Jersey, where I caught a cold that will probably keep me away from the wedding tif it occurs during this yesr. HOWARD FIELDING. 1890. LIARS OF THE TIME. Truth Fares Very Badly in Society, Trade and Profession. WHAT THE PUBLIC COHDOHES. Men. Honest in Almost Everything: lse False in Politics. THE SIGNS POINT TO IHPE0YEMENT tWBITTXN TOE THE DISPATCH. In one of Kant's books he says: "The highest violation of the duty of man to him self, considered as a moral being, is a de parture from truth, or lying. A lie is the abandonment, and, as it were, the annihi lation of the dignity of a man." "Liars are the cause of all the sins and crimes in the world" was the judgment of one of the most famous teachers of philoso phy and morality among the ancient Stoics. To speak the truth is a boundless duty im posed upon all mankind by all the doctrines andcreeds of Christendom, and pagandom as well, whether represented by Confucius Buddha or Mohammed. But "Lord, Lord, how the world is given to lying." Social lies, professional lies, political lies and malicious lies. Evryone condemns lying, and yet there come times in everybody's life when it would take a most mighty struggle to tell the truth. "WHTE LIES IN SOCIETY. Especially in society are what are called white lies common. Women err greatly in this respect without intending to be de ceitful. They are so given to gush that they exaggerate far beyond the truth. They kiss some of their mere acquaintances with as great a show of affection as their best and most intimate friends. They make one whom they may cordially dislike as welcome as if their souls had been longing for her presence. Courtesy is a pleasant thing and good manners should never be lost sight of, but an exaggerated show of kissing and sympathy where neither love nor respect exists is assuredly a sort of deception. Another way iu which women lie in the drawing room is inj'treaklng notoriously bad men with the same courtesy and cordiality they would extend to gentlemen of highest character. This is one of the sorriest revelations of fashionable life in this country. It is not only an illustration of lying, but is a show of snobbery that is shameful, when the most disreputable owners of foreign titles can find a warmer welcome among the women of society than their own countrymen of greater intelligence and virtne. A duke so dissolute and de graded that he finds the doors of respecta bility closed to him at home, comes here and is wined and dined and feted and run after by those who claim to represent the best society of America. How a title weakens judgment, whitewashes sin, and wraps a mantle of grace over vice has been shown scores of times in this democratic eountry. LIES THAT ABE CONVENTIONAL. For social convenience women and men as well shirk truthfulness. They tell what they call "white lies" because they Bay Bociety cannot geton without them. It would not do, it is thought, to express in words what they really feel. Compliments, some body says are really lies; but when every body knows they are, nobody is hurt There are many conventional expressions oi courtesy that people are taught to use and are wholly understood that cannot properly be called lies because there is evidently no attempt at making a false impression. In Washington it has become the custom for callers to inquire, "Is Mrs. Blank receiving to-day?" The answer is plain yes, or no, as Mrs. Blank has ordered. "Not receiving" is precisely the same thing as the old "Not at home" about which so many people have Bcruples. But while there are found sticklers upon forms of words there are many whose whole social life is a lie. These live as people of wealth when they cannot pay their honest debts. These are arrayed sumptiuously in purple and finelinenwhiletheircreditors are suffering for their money. These sit in the high seats and do not pay their pew rent These are holy and devout on Sundays and saints' days, but they prove themselves liars and hypocrites in society and business. These make a parade of their high birth and blue blood, who really had no granfathera to speak of, ns gossip goes. Such small vanity and lying only exposes them to ridi cule and contempt WOMEN LIE MOBE THAN MEN. Lying, it is said, is more a sin among women than men. Children are more given to it than grown people. Why? Women held in subjection by coercion lie to keep out of trouble, just as children lie through fear of punishment Truth is fostered by love and liberty and confidence. "A lie is born of weakness on one side and tyranny on the other." If a man acts the bully at home, a woman with her wits about her will adopt the -policy of General Grant, and em ploy strategy. The victories of both love and war are won by lying. But while with English speaking people lying is held, at least in theory, as disgrace ful and dishonorable, the French are not nearly so scrupulous. A French woman, it is said, can lie with such cool, clear-eyed effrontery as to seriously discount Annanias and Sapphira. This is due doubtless to ed ucation. A writer on tbe schools and text books of France says that in their manual of morality "conscience is distinguished as right or erroneous, certain or doubtful. A distinction is also made between true truth, doubtful truth and false truth." Lies are divided into three classes: The prejudicial lie which is wrong in proportion to the in jury it causes; the officious lie, which is venial because it does not cause grave trouble, and the pleasant lie which of course is whiter still. Mental restrictions, equivo cations and expressions which can stand two interpretations, are allowable. Under such a system of morality it might be supposed that many of the people in this conntry had been trained, rather than that whioh con demns all lying as an abomination. A BESSIE BBAMBLEISM. Without intending it, the children in the Sunday schools are led to lying. They are induced to say they would rather give their money' to the heathen than spend it them selves, when everybody knows the majority of them are lying. They are led to say they believe many things, when they have no't the remotest idea of what they mean. A minister's son tells how they were catechised when he went to church: "Boys, would you be willing to go to hell if it was God's will?" and every little liar said, "Yes, sir." Then children learn lying and hypocrisy from parents, and teachers, and friends. When they grow up the habit has been ac quired. Our spiritual pastors, however carefully they may have been instructed in this matter in the seminaries, can occasion ally be caught up in saying what they know is not true. The doctors lie professionally with a looseness and abandon that simply staggers the common mind. Some of them have no scruples whatever as to deceiving their patients and their friends. They per sist in putting up their prescriptions in an unknown tongue so that people can be more easily deceived, and more effectively fleeced by the druggists. They seem to have no conscience as to fooling silly women and credulous men into the taking of nostrums, which they know are of no earthly good. A BUSINESS 'WITH LAWYERS. The lawyers just pause and consider how they are given to lying as a matter of busi ness. The most of them have a complete mastery of every variety ot casuistry ant,in-genious-falsifying. Every power in then! is bent to deceive the jury, even when they have absolute knowledge that their client is guilty of the crimecharged. Such unscru pulous lawyers hesitate not to employ any trickery to misrepresent the facts, to beat down honest witnesses, to make wrong ap pear right Dr. Arnold, of Bugby, it is aid, was so proioundly Impressed with tbe moral danger to whioh a lawyer was ex posed, that he used to advise his pupils not to study law. JIacaulay raised the ques tion in England as to whether a man with a wig on his head and a gown on his back was justified in doing for a gninea what as a private citizen, without these decorations, he would consider wicked and infamous to do for an empire. This qnestion, however, has never yet been settled. One of the most famous lawyers in this country has said that "lawyers make half their living by lies." But after all there are honest lawyers, men of high moral principle who consider it dishonorable to lie, even professionally, for a fee. LIES IN TRADE. That there is a vast deal of lying in busi ness requires no proof. The shoddy goods, the short measures, the tricks of the trade, so-called, the cheats by which paying cus tomers are made to make np the shortages of the "dead beats," give full evidence. The only remedy for these business lies is for all to trade only with reputable dealers, and thus impress the old proverb that honesty is the best policy. But while all lying is mean and base and despicable, the worst lies are the malicious lies the lies which injure character and wreck happiness. Slander is the sum ot all wickedness. A liar who would rob his neighbor of his good name would commit any crime in the litany from which he prays to be delivered. Strange as it may seem, there are many honest and honorable men who would not take a dollar that was not their own for the world, who would not say a mean word of anybody, who are just and upright in their dealings, and yet whose consciences, when it comes to politics, sud denly sag a little, and they rejoice in the most infamous abuse of the opposition. It seems to be a principle with politicians that the end justifies tbe means. The "awful whoppers" told and published in the last campaign show that even as in David's day it might be said "all men are liars" when it comes to politics. CUEING POLITICAL LYING. However,the last campaign also exhibited an improvement in this matter of political slander. Pattison's swift suits for libel show how these can be met hereafter. Judge Gordon's prompt action in the courts brought prompt apolozy for political slander. These are precedents for honest candidates to fol low that will do something to check the un scrupulous manufacturers of political lies. In the matter of love men, in general, feel themselves privileged to do an immense amount of lying. During courtship false hood is easy; felicity is assured; paradise is at hand. At lovers' cerjuries They nay Jove laughs. And what wonder? But while it will be granted that the world is given to lying, it must be admitted that conscience, common sense and honesty play a large part in every life, or bow could it keep on improving as it does. "Shuffling may serve for a time, but truth will most certainly carry it in the long rnn." Bessie Bramble. OBAHTS BEFUBXICANISH. Fact That Disprove the Popular Belief That He Was Once a Democrat New Yorfc .Press. The prevailing belief that General Grant was once a Democrat is dispelled by ex Governor Stone, of Iowa, who- relates that he had a conversation with General Grant about polities shortly after the surrender at Appomattox, in which Grant told him all about his political antecedents and his tory. General Grant came of Whig stock and learned his first lessons in politics from Henry Clay. As a hoy he was literally bound up in Clay, and with the rest of his family mourned over his repeated defeats for President None of his family, so far as Grant knew, ever voted a Democratic ticket. He himself voted for Buchanan in 1856, because he disliked Fremont At a later period General Grant told Governor Stone that he had voted in St. Louis for Chauncey L Filley for Mayor, and in Illi nois for General Jonn M. Palmer for Gov ernor, which made up the whole record of his votes up to 1880. I do not know if Filley was running for Mayor as a Bepublican, but it is my impression that he was, and Palmer, although now a Democrat, was then a Bepublican. KB. TRATTT'B PB0PHECY. After All the Talk He Has Proved Himself Quite a Prophet. .New Yort Press. 1 George Francis Train has come back from his transcontinental tour as an advertise ment for Tacoma, and may be seen in his old haunt, the lobby of the Continental Hotel, on Broadway, at various hours. He looks somewhat subdued and more somber than when he went off to rough it around the world. It is a singular thing that, al though he has been regarded as a crank and as halt crazy,- his predictions made 15 and 20 years ago about Tacoma are coming to fulfillment I can remember articles he wrote and sent to papers over the country fully that length of time ago, in which he said that Tacoma was the coming great port of the Pacific coast, and was destined to be a metropolis as great as or greater than San Francisco. Tacoma has not reached that size yet, but has made such progress that the prediction is no longer regarded as wild impossi bility. WHY HE ISNT P0PU1AB. An Instance in Which Visiting; Cards Nearly Rained a Minister. Boston Traveller.! It is a common saying that yon can judge a man by his visiting card. A lately-arrived rector not ten miles from Boston left his cheap, printed card at the house of one ot his parishioners, and hi3 neatly-engraved one at another's. The houses were respect ively in unfashionable and fashionable quarters of the city. But the parishioners happened to be cousins. They met, tbey compared cards as women will and that rector now wonders why he is growing in disfavor with some of his parishioners. JOHH BOYLE CBETLLY'S CEATE. One of Nature's Monoliths Will Mark the Poet and Patriot's nesting Place. Nature has provided for John Boyle O'Beilly a tomb worthy of the man. On the highest point of Holyhood Cemetery, Brookline, says the Pilot, there crops out a ledge oi rock whose base is the foundation walls of the earth. Countless sons ago, the glacial plane passed over this ledge, cutting its iron face and leaving a polished sur face which the rains and frosts of thousands of years have hardly dimmed. ... "& gS&SSa aHB qtjfr Grinding its way slowly over the reef, the mighty glacier left its indelible imprint be hind, and left also an equally enduring me mento of its passage a giant boulder of conglomerate rock, 15 feethigh and, roughly speaking, about 12 feet square 75 tons of weather-stained, time-delying, eternal rock. It stands on the crest of- the picturesque height, a landmark conspicuous above all else in the neighborhood, solitary, massive and majestic. It is to be the tombstone of John Boyle O'Beilly. No mark, save a single tablet let into its face, will be allowed to mar tbe severe simplicity of tbe noble monolith; bat this monument will stand for all time, imperishable as the fame of the man who iltwpt bsjidt It syEw tyj&fgfr.. THREE CIGAES A DAY. Doctor Hammond Says Most Men Can Stand That linen Tobacco. CHEWING ALWAYS DBTRIMEBTAL. Pipes Ara Mora Dangerous Than th.8 Weed Dona Up in foils. THE IMMEDIATE EFFECTS OP EXCESS rWBITTIN IOB TUS DISPATCH.! There may be cases in which the use of tobacco is beneficial, but I am inclined to think they are exceedingly few, and, ia fact, tbey may be entirely disregarded in our consideration ot the influence of the weed on mankind. Doubtless there ara instances in which the soothing effect of a cigar is desirable, and tbere are others in which smoking immediately after a meal increases the amount of gastric jnice se creted, and hence facilitates the digestive process, but there are so many more cases in which tobacco instead of soothing irritates, and a still greater number in which, so far from facilitating digestion, it positively re tards that function, that humanity would be none the loser if tobacco as a soother of a ruffled spirit and as a prod for the secretion of the gastric juice were to be utterly swept from the face of the earth. We have other and more effectual methods of quieting the agitated mind and much bet ter stimulators of digestion which are in no way harmful; for although tobacco may do some good to some people, there are prob ably lew who use it in whom the injurious effects do not more tban counterbalace what ever good may be derived from it. LITTLE DANGER IN 1IODEEATION. Still it may, I think, be. asserted without fear of contradiction that the distinctiy.del eterious results ensuing from the moderate use of tobacco by adults are infrequent la making this declaration X desire to be un derstood as laying particular stress on the words moderate and adult?, and also as limiting the employment of tobacco solely to the smoking ot cigars. Chewing is a, thoroughly filthy and disgusting habit, and. moreover is injurious, no matter how moder ately it may be indulged in. It takei away from the system the saliva, one of the chief digestive juices, and it vitiates the otber se cretions of the mouth. Cigarettes are rarely, if ever.used without the smoke being inhaled into the lungs, and the consequences of this practice ore almost invariably deplorable, owing to the great amount of nicotine which is absorbed into the system. As to snuff, the taking of to bacco through tbe nose 'is now so infre quently practiced that it may be dismissed, without further discussion. It is almost ai dirty a habit as chewing.and in a very short time so impairs the integrity of the mucous membrane of the nose as to alter the voice and induce catarrh, and ultimately destroy the sense of smell. Dipping has also pretty much gone out of vogue. It consisted ia applying the snuff to the teeth by some kind! of brush, usually one made from a hickory twig. PIPES WORSE THAN CIGARS. The objection to the best kind of pipes is, that very much more of the nicotine and oiL of the tobacco are absorbed into the system, than is the case with cigars. With common' pipes, especially those with short stems, the degree of irritation which is excited in the; lips and interior of the mouth is far greater than that resulting from tobacco used ia any other form. Now to return to cigars. One good cija smoked after each meal is what ma.v be called moderate nse, and ran rarely afflict any damage to the system. Tbe exceptions occur in those persons of peculiar organiza tion, impressionable and easily disturbed by stimulants, sedatives or narcotics. There are others, as we know, in whom a. cup of tea or coffee or a saucer of strawber ries causes derangement of some one or morn organs of the body, and otbers with event more remarkable peculiarities, so that it in not strange that there should be individuals to whom tobacco i3 more or less poisonous. Such instances, however, are rare, and do do not conflict with the foregoing statement. I can see, therefore, no very great reason why, if a person desires, or thinks he de sires mental or physical consolation or bene fit, he should not indulge himself in tbe moderate use of cigars in the manner that I, have mentioned. TWO DELETERIOUS EPPECTS. But should he pass the proper limits, he makes himself liable to the occurrence of one or more serious physical disorders, any one of which will certainly entail great suffering upon him. Thus neuralgia, may harass him by day and by night, aud es pecially when he has exposed himself to in clement weather, or been subject to mental anxiety, or other emotional disturbances. Again he may suffer from derang-ment of the eyesight, consequent upon inflammation of the optic nerves, "tobacco amaurosis," as it is sometimes called. For a long time oculists differed in regard to the existence of such a disease, and I was among the doubters, but I believe there is now no difference ot opinion among those who make a specialty of diseases of the eye, and I have for several years been convinced from: actual experience of tbe reality of inflam mation of the optic nerves caused by tbe ex cessive use of tobacco, several cases of the kind having come under my own immediate observation. In all of these, as soon as the victims ceased to smoke the optic nerves be gan to assume a healthy appearance, the? vision to improve, and eventually the sight to be entirely restored. In one case the use of tobacco was resumed, and shortly after ward the vision again began to fail, to be av second time restored on the patient entering; upon a course oi enure aosunence. The influence of tobacco upon the heart U frequently more strongly marked than in any other direction. There are few persons who use this substance to excess who do -not sutler from the disordered action of the or gan in question. The impulse is rendered weaker and more irregular. So that faint ness, intermittent pulse and palpitation, are induced. I am very sure, from my own. experience, that many young persons lar the Beeds of organic disease of the heart: from tbe excessive use of tobacco, or fro mi beginning it too early in life. It not only lessens the nervous influence by which the heart is kept in action, but it causes a de terioration of the organic muscular fibersjof which the organ is composed. "Weak heart" and "heart failure," so commonly metwith in our day, are, I have no doubt,, very often the direct consequence of the' abuse of tobacco. The use of tobacco by minors should b absolutely prohibited.net by laws which are: impossible of enforcement, and which en cumber tbe statute books, but by home in. fluence and command. It is very certain that no young person can use this substance, even in moderation, without suffering more or less severely at the time, and laying up for himself future troubles of even more se rious import William A. Hammond. New York, November 14. TJHCXE SAK'S S0LDDZ3S. They Are Better Housed, Fed and PaldThu Any Others in the World. New York Press. Cruelties, injustice and tyranny are to ba found in every army, as they are in every public school and every public department. But these grow rapidly less noticeable from year to year, audit is well nigh impossibla for serious injustice to be done anyone in the army to-day without prompt detection and immediate punishment. This is 'certain, the United States recruit is to-day far better fed, better clothed, bet-' ter bedded and a great deal better paid than any other soldier in tbe world. Does he ever think that his pay and allowances ara as much, if not more, than those ot a Junior lieutenant in the crack regiments of Austria or cf Denmark mighty iwalli t&eugb tbos-lw?
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers