Tisr 7 OURNATIONALGUARD lis Conditions, Needs and Prospects Stated by President Wingale of the Association. FUSS AKDFEATHER METHODS OYER Discipline and Efficiency So Increased in lis Fast Fifteen lean That it Eivals the Army. PBOPOSED LEGISLATION BI CONGRESS. X Carious Old law Thit Makes Eitrj lble-Bciirf Hani Member et the Gcari. rwiUTTZX ) THE DISPATCH. 3 According to the last annual reports made by the Adjutant Generals of the different States to the Secretary of "War, there were 106,500 officers and men in the National Gnard of the various States. That number, however, represents the aggregate strength on the rolls, so that probably 75,000 would be the effective strength. As a rule, during the last 15 years, the interest taken in the different States in their National Guard has greatly increased, and appropriations have been more liberal. During this period and largely resnlting from the aid given by the States there has been a remarkable improvement in the efficiency of the National Guard, which was strikingly demonstrated in the great Centennial parade in New Xork. The movement which brought this about com menced in New Xork, Massachusetts and Connecticut and has since permeated most of the other States. The innovations have been in the direction of the practical mil itary instructions and discipline as opposed to what mar be termed the old "fuss-and- feather" style which bronght the name of militta into such disrepute tnai it is oonox ious to the present National Guardsman. In bringing this change about, the regular array is, as a rule, taken as a model, and the effort has been made to bring the instruction of the troops as near as possible to the regu lar army methods. THE CHAIsOK IN DISCIPLINE. The improvement that has been made in discipline is wonderiuL Aithoughthis liesat the foundation of all militaryorganizations, and is practically the great distinction be tween an armv and an armed mob, yet, be fore the late "Civil "War, it was almost un known in the militia. In fact the organiza tions were run very much on the idea of a town meeting where one man is considered as good as another. The experience ot the war demonstrated that this method of con ducting the National Guard was all wrong and a reformation began to be instituted by & number of old volunteer officers who re sumed their former places in the National Guard atter the war was over. The Na tional Guard Association was the outgrowth of the feeling that the militia organizations ot the country required to be still lurther improved, to fit them for national defense. The settled theory of the United States Government in relerence to this matter has beeu that while the States raised and gov erned their militia as they saw fit, it was the duty of the general Government to pro vide the National Gnard of the State with arms, equipments and military stores out of the Treasury. State troops are regarded as sn adjunct of the army which in time of war are to be called upon immediately to support our small army, and from which must be drawn the officers who will com mand the volunteers who are to defend the entire country. It is therefore only right that the whole United States should con tribute toward the expenses of equipment and instruction. it's xs old pbinceple. It is interesting to note that this principle was settled at the time of the formation of the Government. In 1808 the annual ap propriation for the militia was fixed by Thomas Jefferson at ?200,000. Although the country grew enormously in wealth and population no increase was made in this ap propriation until 1885, when, through the exertions of the National Guard Associa tion, it was increased by Congress to $100, 000. This sun., however, is not paid in monev, but is issued to the National Guard of the'different States (in proportion to their members of Congress) in arms and military equipments which they require and which remain me property oi iue uuvctmucuu this method a double purpose is accom plished; it takes out of the arsenals and brings into use equipments which would otherwise rot or become obsolete Irom sge, and also keeps employed the Government manufactories of arms and equipments. The National Guard Association of the United States is the body which represents the general desires and feelings of the guards, taken as a whole, as far as they have anv representation. This is a voluntary association which was formed in 1879 lor the purpose of improving the general effi ciency of the National Guard and enabling it to act as a compact organization in secur ing the reforms in legislation direct from Congress. It has in all held six annual conventions, at which the delegates from the different States give their experiences in regard to matters of general interest, such as camps, regular army officers as instructors, and similar points. These convention were held in New Xork, in January, 1878; St. Louis, SeptemDer, 1879; Philadelphia, 1881; Cincinnati, 1684, and Washington in De cember, 1885, and in February, 1890. OFFICERS OF THE ASSOCIATION. At these conventions the Adjutant Gen erals of each State appoint five officers or ex-officers of the National Guard as dele gates. During the interim between the meetings the association is controlled by the officers and Executive Committee. The writer of this article has been the President of the association since its organi zation and been re-elected without opposi tion at each annual meeting. The other officers are: First Vice President Adjutant General Bamnel Dalton. Boston, Mass. Second Vice President General Charles J. Anderson, Richmond, Va. Corresponding Secretary Colonel Charles E. Bridge. New York City. Recording Secretary Colonel Fred K. Farns wortb, Detroit. Mich. Treasurer Colonel Charles J. Bills, Falrbnry, Executive Committee From New England States Adjutant General Henry M. Snrague, Augusta, Me. From Middle States General Albert Ordway. Washington, D. C. From bontbern States Adjutant General James Dodge Glenn. Greensboro. N. C. From "Western States Colonel James M. Rice. Peoria. 111. From Pacific States General Thomas J. Clunle. M. C, Washington. D. C. From Northwestern States Colonel Charles D. Curtis, Helena, Mont. At the last convention all the New En gland, all the Middle States, with the ex ception of New Jersey, the delegates from which were accidentally prevented from coming, all the Western States and such of the Southern States as have any National Guard were represented in all more than 20 States and Territories, including the District of Columbia. A STANDING JOKE. Although in 1883, as stated, the National Guard Association succeeded in Increasing the appropriation, it did not succeed in re pealing theobsolete militia law. This law was passed in 1795 and has been one ol the standing jokes of the centurv it might safely be called the great national joke in perpctuum. By the provisions of this law the entire male population of the country between the ages of 18 and 45, are supposed to be members of the militia, a fact which will be news to thousands o people through out the United States. Furthermore it re quires that every man shall provide himself with a gun, a powder-horn and a certain number ot flints. How men can possen themselves of powder-horns and flints et the present time would be an interesting subject of inquiry. It is also the law that officers shall possess themselves of spontoons; exactly what these are, no man, unless it be some very ancient member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery of Boston, has ever been able to definitely determine. The military conundrum, "What i a epoontoon?" lias furnished a theme for learned and exciting discussion at the meet ings of the National Guard Association. xo one was able to answer the question until Genera! Porter. Adjutant General of New York State, declared that it was a short half-pike or spear, which the subordinate officers of a regiment were in the habit of carrying 100 years ago, and that before our lste'Civil War this old and peculiar weaP on. which wonld seem to be a part of the Middle Ages, used to be carried in publw processions by officers of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery of Boston. This an cient militia law Jhas remained unchanged n tv ttfnfa hrnV riiir 1795: it mav be called a statutory anachronism and it should be promptly repealed, but it bangs on surviving many better things. THE HENDERSON BILL. Beccntly there has been a bill presented to Congress in the interest of the National Guard and which is of great public im ixirtance. In its present shape it Is largely the work of Secretary of War Proctor, who, since he has occupied his present position, has taken a very warm interest in the im provement of the National Guard of the country. , . General Kelton, the Adjutant General of the army, during his long service in the army has had unusually close association with the National Guard of the different States and has become also very anxious to improve the organizations. He, too, has had a great deal to do with the framing of the bill. At the last meeting ot the National Guard Association at Washington this bill was exhaustively discussed, and, after hav ing been revised so as to remove all objec tions, was approved and recommended to Congress for passage by the unanimous vote of all the delegates. The bill in question was introduced in Congress by General Henderson, of Illinois, and hence is known as the "Henderson bill." It repeals the obsolete legislation in regard to the matter now contained in the Revised Statutes. It increases the annual appropriation from 5400.000 to $1,000,000, and provides that it may be drawn in army supplies of all kinds, and permits the States to purchase from the United States arsenals anything which the latter make at the regu lation prices. It authorizes the detail of regular officers to inspect the National Guard of each State to inform the Govern ment of its condition. BENEFIT OF THE EEOTJLAES. It also authorizes any Governor, brigade or division commander (with the approval of his Governor) to apply to the Secretary of War to have a regular officer detailed on the staff of the applicant, such officer to hold his position at the pleasure of the nffi cer to whom he is detailed and or the Secre tary of War, and provides that regular offi cers may be detailed to any camp of the National Guard at the request ot the Gov ernor of the State to act as instructors, and to periorrn such duty as the Governor may direct. The bill also provides for the ac ceptance, bv the President, of volunteers from the National Guard, not to exceed 5,000 men in any one year, to participate in the annual maneuvers of the army and also for other military dnty. The National Guard Association also in dorsed the McCutcheon bill at its last meet ing, which is pending in Congress, and pro vides that vacancies in the army which can not be filled by the graduates of West Point shall be filled from the commissioned officers of the National Guard, and the other Mc Cutcheon bill providing for sea coast heavy artillery reserve. This Henderson bill has the support of nine-tenths of the Congressmen, and as far as known the only thing which may stand in the way of its enactment, is the appre hension that Congress has already made such large appronriations tor pensions and other matters, and has cut down the revenue so, that it cannot afford to do anything for the National Guard. KELTON'S PET IDEA. One ot the provisions contained in the bill is an innovation, being the idea of Gen eral Kelton's, the effect ot which is antici pated with great interest; that is to say that the volunteer, officers and men of the Na tional Guard of the different States maybe received by the Secretary of War and be allowed to serve in the practice maneuvers which the regular army now annually per forms. It is impossible, if it would be de sirable, to order any number of the National Gnard for such duties, but there are many of them who are full of military enthusiasm and who are sufficiently anxious to perfect themselves in practical military instruction as to be willing to volunteer, so that the aggregate in a State would be sufficient to make up a number of small organizations. It these were to be accepted they would give an additional strength to the regulars which they now need in performing their maneuvers, while, at the same time, it is believed by General Helton and others that the maneuvers would give N ational Guards men a practical idea of service which they are unable to get under ordinary conditions. What the National Guard needs is prac tical instruction. It is needless to expect from men, who only can give a portion of their time to military matters, the discipline which is obtained in the army. The great question, therefore, is to what extent it is possible to carry out practical instruction in field work in the National Guard? One of the important requirements in the National Guard of to-day, the importance of which is now recognized in every State is that a soldier is not a soldier unless he knows how to shoot, any more than a book keeper would be a competent accountant if he could not write. Much attention has been paid to this part of the training and great success has been attained, particularly in New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts and Pennsylvania. BESULT OF THIS TEAININO. No mob that was ever organized could stand three minutes in front of a company ot a first-class regiment of the present day militia, all marksmen armed with breech loaders, who, in that time, would fire at least ten shots, every one of which would hit. What is more, "the knowledge that this skill exists is possessed by that part of oar population who are likely to participate in a mob. They do not relish the idea of being shot any better than anybody else. There have been great improvements made in the National Guard of Chicago. The First Regiment of Illinois have just taken possession of a magnificent armory and. in the last ten years, the progress in the National Gnard of Illinois has been marked. From what I have heard, this im provement in Chicago has been largely the work of public-spirited citizens rather than of the State, but it has beeu none the less important on that account. In Missouri there has been trouble between the National Guard and the Legislature, which I am in formed has practically resulted in a dis bandment of all tbeorganizations. For two years the Legislature refused to make an appropriation, and the National Guard, having struggled along and paid their own bills for one year, at the close of the second practically disbanded. Throughout the South generally they are doing the best they can. But the States are poor, and practically the only means which they have of supporting their National Guard is the meager share they receive from the annual United States appropriation. Geo. W. Winoate, President National Gnard Association. One Use lor Cjcles. Sir Evelyn Wood, one of the foremost English Generals, declares that 20,000 vol unteers mounted on cycles would be better than any number of mounted infantry; and tbat as regards mere marching they would wear down the best mounted cavalry in the world. , Bsoctom Sardinia City Editor Where's Carnage? Gone to that hanging yet? Browne (rival reporter) N. He'i out sharpening up his dull thud. THE HOOKING BLUE FISH. A Day ot the Grandest Sport Sea or Lake or Land Affords. MURRAY TELLS ALL THE SECRETS The Inspiring Sail Out Into Old Ocean in the Early Morning. ICITHENT OP THE FIRST CATCH rcoBRasroxpENCE or the DisrATcn.l New York, August 2. Did you ever go blue-fishing? If you never did then you have yet to enjoy some of the finest sport ever offered the lover of the rod and reel. Only you will need no rod and reel to make it interesting. To be sure, there are some fishermen who decline to take a fish in any other manner, just as there are field sports men who delight only in tho wing shot and will never kill a bird in any other way. When Grover Cleveland goes fishing he uses a rod, the same on the lrisky ocean as in the Adirondacks. But in blue-fishing you not only need no such accessories, but will probably fall behind the record, if you use them, of those who do not. Blue fish are caught this season in abun dance on the Atlantic coast irom Fire Island to Barnagat light in such abun dance by professional fishermen.in fact, that they have been thrown away by the ton as unmarketable. To the amateur, bine fish ing presents the additional charm of yachting, the sailing alone lending ample excitement to the chase. The fisherman must be of good stomach and foud of a stiff breeze. For the last three years I have never failed in at least one day on the coast during the season. Having wooed the finny tribe in all the principal inland waters of the United States I will risk my reputation on the statement that a good day "off Far Kockaway yields more solid piscatorial enjoyment than the same time anywhere else in the country. The ro mantic difficulties and hardships ol the mountain waters of West Virginia, the pleasures ot Petoskey Bay, the more quiet charms of the inland lakes of the Michigan peninsula, reallyhave little in common with the sport at sea. ALTVATS AVOID A CROWD. In this comparison I do not class the so called sport derived from the decks of big, crowded boats that leave New York daily for the fishing banks. The true fisherman avoids crowds as he would yellow fever. The pleasure decreases iu proportion to the increase of your fishing society, when that exceeds 200 or 300 spirits. This is especially the case with sea-fishing, where you cannot get away from disagreeable people, from sea sick ladies or drunken loafers. Am I lack ing in sympathetic chivalry in mentioning the latter together? Well, no; it is because of my sympathy that the presence of a woman suffering from mal de mer Is as dis agreeable as that of a noisy rowdy who is simply out on a spree. One unlucky day I Joined such a party off Long Branch. -The boat was crowded, the sea was lovely and the fishing fair. But oh, heavens! We had both objectionable elements on board; between them I never passed a more miserable day in search of pleasure. It was only an every day scene among those who go down to the sea in ships to fish. After that I sat on the sands daily at Asbury Park and watched the wretched victims lugged through the surf, and Innched a sardonio laugh and thanked my stars that I should never sigh to join- such a gang again. If you are a busy man and want a day's genuine sport come clown with me the evening before to Sheepshead Bay. Come in your old clothes and.with a $10 note in thoe same old clothes, or don't come at all. Not that it will necessarily cost you tbat much money, but as a provi sion against unforeseen emergency. People about Sheepshead Bay will overlook your old clothes, but they will never forgive vour lapse of cash. That is a peculiarity at fish ing stations everywhere. HIRING THE RIO. " Ju6t across the bay we will meet a dozen skippers in oilskins and sou'western and faces of unpolished bronze on the lookout for a job. They scent us from afar off, but, unlike the bronzed skipper of the city hack stands, edge up to us one at a tiraewith a respectful pull at the sou'wester.1" They point out their particular "her," lying under bare poles in the little bay, and with much plainness of speech give the usual programme. This coldness rapidly disap pears under the influence of a bargain sealed by a stiff tumbler of 10 cent grog. We pay $8 for a day's exclusive use of a neat, substantial, seaworthy sloop with a cockpit of five banks which would hold ten persons on a pinch four of us, the skipper and a crew of one man, have ample room below and above. There is a stove below in case the weather should require its services. The lines, hook and bait are furnished by the skipper without extra charge. Having learned that the earlier we turn out in the morning the better it will be for all hands, we leave the skipper to get everything ready. When early morning comes, the hotel man puts up enough lunch for ten people, and includes a small tub with a big lump of ice. around which nestles sundry bottles of cheerful appearance. There are various small packages of cigars, lemons, etc, peeping out of every fellow's pocket OFF IN THE UOHNINO. A light haze hangs over the water, hiding the hotels of Coney, but the fresh, salt air and the low. heavy swash of the combers breaking on the beach send the blood quick ening through the veins. The skipper him self lugs the tub of valuables toward the lit tle sloop, now shaking out her jib in the gentle breeze coming in from the sea, and talks cheerfully of the happy -prospects of a good day's sport, while thejB-ettiest dining room girl from the hotel 5?i2za waves a nap kin tor luck. Tumble 'upon deckl Look sharpl Cast off! Haul a'"t the sheet that's it up at the peak! The white jib fills, and we swing round and careen lazily, then catching the spirit of the marshes move slowly up the smooth lagoon. The banks are low and muddy and tide washed and irregular of outline. Luxuri ant salt grass stretches everywhere and un dulates in silent sympathy with the heaving billows far beyond. In places the channel is so narrow thatitwouldbedifficulttonavigate but for the favoring breeze. And it so hap pens sometimes that you cannot get out; or, being out, you cannot get in but not oiten. Ah, but this morning it was a lovely sail I Beyond the subdued, musical ripple under our bow not an earthly sound all is still as death itself. Even' the sea cannot be heard except at long intervals. The human voice seems harsh and falls on the ear gratingly. So, alter one or two attempts, we lapse into an understanding of mutual silence. The most garrulous lies on his back with teeth set nbnchalantlvover a dy ing cigar and gazes at the scudding clouds. It is not a state of indifference, of medita tion, of boredom. It is the sense of abso lute rest from all thought, memory, expec tation, human speech. You scarcely feel tbat you exist. If you could collect your scattered mind into a desire it would be to sail on and on thus, forever! OUT INTO THE SEA. Swish swish swish! Look out for that boom! Slack away the jib sheet! Around we go, suddenly out of the tall, sweet grass into a channel to the open sea out of the smooth and silent lagoon into the short, chopping waves riding the gentle swell of old ocean. Yet not on her ruffled bosom. A mile dead ahead the crisp, white breakers are chasing each other over the bar. The morning mist has cleared away. Beyond, hull down, the great ocean steamers can be seen, their black smoke curling and stretch ing away upon the horizon. We are wide awake now. The little loop, close hauled, lies down to her work right merrily. Each one of us braces up well to windward and takes keen side glances at the .gcarled old skipper at the PITTSBURG 'DISPATCH. helm. The tide is going out like a race horse, and we are riding it like a feather weight jocketabont to pass under the wire. The eyes snap with the exhileration of the moment. We all talk at once. All but the skipper. He keeps his half-closed, pig-UKC orbs fastened on some point unknown to us. The breakers now fall with a booming sound, and to us seem to form an unbroken wall of froth and foam. We begin to catch the first thin dashing of the spray over the windward quarter of -our little sloop. It covers us with a shower of salty suds which sparkle and scintillate in the shining sun. How will we ever get through that roaring, foaming fringe ot sea? Bv faith alone. We have faith in the silent old mariner at the helm. With steady hand and eye, he guides us right into the teeth of the ""Lookout! Luff her a little! Holdfast, gentlemen! ... ... Herewe go! One dash, splash, crashl Don't we just get one in the neckl l should say sol And bow we shout and yell at each other, and shake the water from our hats, like so many spaniels at play, and shout again as we shoot out upon the pant ing bosom of the open sea. ON II1E FISHINO QROTJND. There was a channel there, after all; a very narrow one, says our skipper, but per fectly safe for anyone who knows bis busi ness. Not to hit it means to be thumped to pieces. That's all. That's enough. We have confidence in onr skipper; but, all the same, we breathe more freely as we iOok bank at the now fast receding surf. The little sloop now falls away before the stiff breeze and fairly flies over the long, un dulating swells. This is glorious! It exalts the soul. We begin to pet out the lines. Those who have never been out before eagerly absorb instrnctions from those who have. The crew breaks clams for us for bait. The big hookB are solidly imbedded in lead minnows or sinkers. We select various positions for active work, and would throw at once, only the skipper says it is of no use wait. We wait. Pretty soon we see another sloop, then another, then a schooner. They are fi-hing. But they are three or four miles away. Perhaps half an hour elapses and we strike a floating ocean of corks, empty cans, orange and lemon boxes, bottles and other things bobbing up and down. These mark the ocean current, xrrey nave tjeeu thrown from ships and have gradually reached and slowly followed the gulf stream. And this is the fishing ground. Let her gol We do let her go, all at once our sets of lines go overboard and are swiftly let out in our wake. Two lines are close to the boat; two projecting poles sep arate the others on either side. The skipper notes our speed.' Too fast. The crew takes in a reef or two. We bowl along now at an easy rate, which gives the 60 or 80 feet of line a chance to sink below the surface. THE FIRST HOOK. We whisper to each other, now as if the fish might possibly hear us chatter and take fright. The deadly intentness of every mind upon the line in hand is almost comical. There is a bottle of wine bet on the first fish caught. Perhaps this is something. A two inch minnow couldn't touch my hook atthis moment without me knowing it. I csn Jeel the throb of the revolving spoon. We run about a mile. Then "Whoop! I've got " In his excitement he rolls into the cock pit amid screams of laughter. Even the old skipper laughs. And winks. I have my suspicions. A gentle luff would have done it. But the young mnn scrambles out again, still holding fast to his line and still pulling in, and tangling the slack with the beer bottles below and everything in his vicinity ahove. . . , Pull her in! Hang on, old man! Take care, you'll fall overboard next! He's off! No he isn't! Play him! Pull him in! Everybody gives advice. Everybody gets excited! Everybody talks at once. In the meantime the poor creature at the other end of that line gets excited also. He is within occasional sight now, tugging at the line like mad, and giving the impression that he weighs at least 40 pounds. Now he rushes and leaps into the air now plunges down ward head first into the sea now permits his -captor to- pull him steadily in only to repeat the first perform ance. The nearer he comes the smaller he grows. Until, at last, when exultantly pulled over the side, he sizes up about four pounds. JEALOUS OVER A FOUR-POUNDER. But he is a lovely specimen, and we can not but look coldly on the young man who captures him. If we could, we would raise a question as to whether he is really a blue fish or not. As it is, we fall silently to fishing. The airs or a young man who has caught his first bluefish are intolerable. Great Scott! This must be a shark! I jnstsawthe black fins cutting the surface over there. The line is suddenly yanked out of my hand. I feel the coil tighten around my leg, and have a brief notion of going overboard but Iqulctly recover and get a fresh grip in time to haul in the slack. Hand over hand! He's a puller, egad! But I've got him! Plungeand jump and tear at the sharp bit as he may, I've got him! Every vein in my hands stands out my tace "is flushed my heart thumps great en thusiastic thumps! Ah! That run burnt a long brown streak in my tender palm! There he rises! Look at that! Come along, my beauty we have room for you in the boat. And so, step by step I hauled him in and finally land him safely among the beer bottles below. The edge is taken from my victory, how ever, by three more strikes in rapid suc cession, two handsome fish being captured at once. The novelty off we get down now to steady work. One after another, two at a time, they bite with strict impartiality, , until in the course of two or three hours we find ourselves exhausted, with fish enough to gratify the most exacting amateur. My hands are blistered by the lines, my neck is blistered by the snn, my tback feels as if it would never get the kink out of it. EVERYBODY FEELS SERIOUS. The wind had veered and freshened. We are running in the irough of the sea. I hadn't noticed it until one of us goes below and stretches at full length in a bunk. Then I also also noted that no one seemed to be hungry. It was in the middle of the alternoon. Nobody bad clamored for beer, or other refreshment. The subject of cigars was avoided in a singular way, by tacit consent. It was in bad taste for the crew to carve fat pork before his guests, but he did it, and followed it with a pipe that drove us all to windward. To this violation of the rnles of good society we owed the sudden illness of the flower of our flock "For God's sake, man, go aft if you want to smoke that pipe go below I" "If he comes comes down here " moaned a voice from the inner recesses of the sloop, "it'll be murder!" The skipper smiled crookedly as ,he or dered the crew-to stop smoking, but I didn't see anything funny abont it. I wasn't sick. I was Just serious. But when we changed our conrse for home, with.the wind, directly abeam, everybody began to pick up again. Even the man below came out with a sickly smile as we crossed the bar. Twenty minutes later we were calmly sail ing up tne grass-bound channel, reverently devouring lnncheon and pushing down great quantities of cold chicken, with pota tions of beer, and filling up the crew with whisky, and gaily chatting over the most glorious day's sport we ever had. CHARLES T. MURRAT. GOOD MEN IN POLITICS. When the Best Citizens Take No Interest Bad Government Ensues. Cardinal Gibbons, in an address recently, uses these words: "When we find the most upright citizens taking no interest in poli tics, showing no zeal for the good govern ment of the country, we may expect politic al stagnation and corruption. Bnt when the best citizens manifest interest in publio affairs, we have good government and hon est administration of public trusts. It is the duty of every man to take an active personal interest in the welfare of his coun try, and to see that the best citixena are elected to public places." SUNDAY.- AUGUST 3, HOW TO BE A SENATOR The Path Pointed Out by Leading Members of tho Upper House, LUCK IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR. Sherman and Farwell Advise Taking a Part in Local Politics., STUDX OP THE PKofibEH OP STATE IFSXFABED TOR TUX DISPATCH.1 To several of the most distinguished mem bers of the United States Senate, represent ing widely divergent sections of our country, I recently propounded the question, "If a young man has an ambition to become a United States Senator, what course shall he pursue to realize it?" To this query I have received the following answers: Frank Fern. Senator John P. Jones, of Nevada, be lieves in lnck as one of the factors. Here is his letter: "I am a great believer in luek. To it I largely attribute my success in life. I bad a brother who was greatly my superior in natural ability, yet he could never mafce money while I have made a good deal. Getting into the United States Senate is just as likely to be largely a mstter of luck as is anything else. We are all creatures of cir cumstances. A man may possess all the ability possible in a certain line, and if cir cumstances do not give him an opportunity he can never display that ability. That there is a great deal in luck is proven by the fact that while many men fail utterly in one locality, they remove to another place, fall in with a new set of associates and succeed. The world is not yet on a plane where all men of equal ability can succeed equally well. Some'men succeed by whatis vulgarly called 'gall' and other qualities not admira ble. "But beside luck another great factor in success is to preserve one's integrity un blemished throughout life, and the young man who wants to be a United States Sena tor or to hold any other position of trust must be carelul to do this. It's a grand thing to be able to look everybody in the face. When a man can go to bed and vote for himself he is always in the majority. If you want to be a Senator never write or say anything you need ever be ashamed of. If a blackmailer threatens you with the publica tion of one of your letters, as such a scoundrel recently did me, be able to say to him, as I did, 'You are entirely welcome to publish any letter I ever wrote."' INTENSE STUDY AND WORK. Senator Orrville H. Piatt, of Connecti cut, writes as follows: "In reply to your question I would say first of all that a young man had better not have such an ambition, as he will only be disappointed if be achieves it, becanse the liieofa United Stated Senator is one of hard work, which is never uuderstod. If a young man simply desires to obtain the place for any credit or honor that may per tain to it, and tbat fills his ambition, with out regard to what he may achieve as a Senator, tbat is one thing; but the Senate is much like the old-time scbool di vided into classes. If a man is to get in the first class and sit on the first bench, he has got to do it by intense study and work, and whatever class he may be in he only 'goes up one' because of some su periority. Ours is an immense country, and subjects of legislation embrace the widest range and require the widest in formation, and to act intelligently a Senator must know something about every subject. The wider his knowledge the more useful he becomes. Add to this that he is expected to be the agent of everyone in his State who has business in Washington legisla tive, political or commercial and you get a glimpse of what a Senator must be to estab lish a successful reputation. "Second II, in spite of my advice, any young 'man will persist in cherishing the ambition yon name, his whole lite should be a study of political affairs. The Senatorship may be thrust on him; it may come as the result of wealth which follows business enterprise, but the clean and honorable road to'it is through a study of public affairs and the capacity to impress the people in his State with the idea that he possesses a thorough knowledge of them, and will be their true representative. 'Third His idea of politics should be a lotty one. His motive for devotion to politi cal life should be that he may render service to the people rather than to accomplish per sonal success. Few men will ever reech the Senate as the result of a talent for political manipulation, and these who thus succeed will be Senatorial nonentities rather than Senatorial leaders." MANY ROADS TO THE SENATE. Senator Eugene Hale, of Maine, has this tos.vr: . , . "Senatorships come to men in a hundred different ways. The section of country in which a mail locates may have a great deal to do with his receiving the honor. The choice of a profession or avocation may have much to do with it Formerly the pathway to public life seemed to be through the pro fession of the law. Senators and Repre sentatives were largely members ot the bar. This is not now nearly so much the case. I do not believe that a young man conld se cure his election to the Senate by manipu lation. The members of the Senate are the leading men in their States either theleading lawyers, physicians, manu facturers or merchants. They are men who would naturally be leaders in any sphere of lire. If a man succeeds in his profession or calling, whatever it may be, by ability and industry, and attains a high character for honor and integrity, he will win the confi dence of his neighbors. As he grows older his influence will widen, and ll he seems tbe best and most available man for the Senate his State will place him there whether he be a lawyer, merchant or manu facturer. Senators, as a rule, are men of high character, and their election to the Senate is generally the result of merit. I think it a great misfortune to a young man for him to dabble in politics, and if he start in life with the fixed ambition and determi nation to become a United States Senator, his neighbors will find it out and it will only make him ridiculous." A LUCKY MAN TALKS. Thomas C. Power, one of the Senators from the new State of Montana, like Senator Jones, is a believer in luck. Here is his answer: "If a young man started In life with the fixed determination of being a United States Senator the chances are 99 in 100 that he never would be. Bnt there are certain 'things he could do and certain others that he should avoid, the performance or the avoidance ot which would tend to the ac complishment of his wish, just as they would influence bis success in the accom plishment of anv other worthy purpose. First of all "he must be moderate In all things, avoiding excesses of any and every kind. Personal popularity might have great influence in securing an election to the Senatorship as to any other office, but too much of it might injure a man especially a young man. It might make him so conceited as to destroy his usefulness, or it might lead him into dis sipation. Some men are popular by nature. They are popular because they cannot help it A man who lacked tbe natural elements of popularity and devoted his energies 'to making himself popular would probably fail. To succeed he must have wonderful powers of tact, dissimulation and self control. Hard work is a great power in promoting success in the realization of any ambition. GAMBLERS ALWAYS BACK HIM. "I believe, however, that there is a great deal in luck. I believe that some men are naturally mnch more fortunate than others. I have had the name of being a very lucky man all through my life and I think justly so far I have been remarkably fortunate. To tho w you what a reputation X into for 1890 being lucky I must tell you that after my election to the Senate, when my colleasjuo and myself, in accordance with the usual custom when Senators are elected for the first time form a new State, were about to draw lots to see who should hare the long and who the short term, the gamblers throughout our State were laying heavy wagers that I would draw tbe long term and sure enough I did. "I never thought of being a United States Senator until just before my election. I had been nominated for Governor of the State and had been defeated solely by the liberal use of money by the opposite party. When requested to be a candidate for the United Stutes Senatorship I consented, but never even wrote a letter on the subject and never had a single pledge of a vote, though just prior to the election I dfd ask a lew members of the Legislsture to vote for me simply as a vindication But however much I may.believe in luck, I do not think fora moment that it will do to trust to luck alone. The young man who does so will certainly never be elected to the United States Senatorship, nor to any other import ant public office. There is an old proverb which very truly says: God helps the man who helps himself." But the man who is naturally lufcky, or fortunate, or whatever von are mind to call it. and who helps his luck by working early and late in whatever direction his ambition tends is certain to pass under the' wire ahead of all competi tors in the race for success." ACTIVITY IN POLITICS. Senator John Sherman, of Ohio, believes a man should study politics and take an active part He writes: "Many men reach the Senate through their political exertions. A young man de sirous of getting there, while attending dili gently to his business, should be an active political worker. Success of a brilliant character in politics, like brilliant success in any other line of life, is largely a ques tion of circumstances. A inan may possess great ability, but circum stances must give him bis opportunity. You know What the poet Gray snys in his 'Elegy in a Country Churchyard,' about some mute, inglorious Milton or some Cromwell, guiltless of his country's blood, lying in the grave beneath men who had all the gifts of Milton or. Cromwell but never accomplished'their deeds becanse tbey never had the opportunity. On the other band, circumstances will benefit a man but little if he lack the ability necessary to take advantage of them. Shakespeare says that there is a tide iu the affairs of men which taken at the flood leads on to fortune, but to obtain a united Senatorship or any other coveted prize in tbe lottery of life a man must be able to. take that tide V the flood." "WADE HAMPTON'S IDEA. "To attain the office of United States Sen ator the only right way is to deserve it Let a young man who desires the place aim, above all, to be of unblemished character, and by his reputation tor integrity, ability and energy convince first bis immediate neighbors and then the people of his Slate at large that he is the best man they can possibly select to represent them in the United States Senate. Iu South Carolina the leeling has always been tbat the office should seek the man and not the man the office. The State Legislatures have always made the selection to please themselves with complete independence of any dictation or bossism. There has never been a whisper of bribery or manipulation in the selection of a United States Senator from our grand old State, and such things would not be tolerated among us for a moment. Merit should be the only standard for election to the Senate, and this the yonng man ambi tious to be a Senator should labor unceas ingly to possess." AN ARKANSAS SERMON. Senator James H. Berry, of Arkansas, answers the question as follows: "If a youug man desires to be a United States Senator he should try to do as near right as he can. He should be always kind and just Above all he should strive to do tbe very best of his ability whatever he undertakes to do to do everything well. The Good Book says, 'Whatsoever thy hand finds to do, do it with all thy might' The fmrsuance of this discretion must infallibly ead to success in all our undertakings. Few things are of greater service and comfort to a mau throngh life than plenty ol friends of the right kind. It has been truly said that 'The young man whom everybody likes mounts np tbe ladder of life quickly.' No man can have too many friends ot the right kind, and if he follows the course I have marked out above he cannot fail to have an abundance ot them. To the young man ambitious to be a United States Senator I would say, therefore, do and be your best, and if other things are favorable and you are led to the Senate you will be a credit to yourself there as elsewhere." LABOR THE SECRET. Senator William P. Frye writes as fol lows: "Men achieve success in public life just as they do anywhere else by attending to their business and faithfully performing their duties. Hard work is the only genius I know anything about Tom Moore trnly says, in his life of Richard Brirsley Sheri dan, that labor is the fathenof all the great works in this world, whether in-literatureor stone, poetry or pyramid. If a young man of sufficient energy, ability and force of pur pose has a determined ambition to be a United States Senator, there is no reason why he should not achieve that ambition if he only works hard enough and persists long enough in the right direction. Theie is a good old song, of which the chorns runs as follows: Toll, toil, toll until you prosper, Do not stop to loiter by the way. Though the. past we can't recall, there's a future or us all, Depending on the labors ot the day. "Every young man ambitious to get to tbe United States Senate should lay those words well to heart" ENTER LOCAL POLITICS. Senator Charles B. Farwell, of Illinois, agrees with Sherman. He says: "With such an ambition as you name a ?oung mau should lead an honest, upright ife among the people by whom he is sur rounded. He should take an interest in local politics. If he has merit and capacity he will soon become a leader.. Then if he display marked ability for leadership the office of United States Senator may event ually come to him. Merit and capacity should be the'standard for the Senatorship', and a man should be elected only for his possession of those qualities. The yonng man ambitious to be a United States Sen ator should familiarize himself thoroughly with all that pertains to the government of bis State, and to the national Government, and should thus render himself fit to make wise and good laws." LAWYER EDMUNDS' OPINION. Senator George F. Edmunds, of "Vermont, emphasizes fidelity and honor as follows: "If a young man desires to be a United States Senator, let him follow his profession or avocation with fidelity and honor. In such a course he will find his surest and best road to the respect and confidence of tbe people among whom his lot is cast. If they find him faithful in all the affairs of every day life in which they are bronght into con tact with him, they will naturally conclude that he would be equally faithtul and de voted to any public duty to which his abili ties may adapt him, and if that duty be to represent his State in ,the Senate he may rest assured his friends and neighbors will recognize his fitness lor the place." DROP THE AMBITION. Senator Justin S. Morrill, of Vermont, closes the discussion with this brief piece of advice: "To the young man who cherishes such an ambition, I would say, never give the matter a thought" The Preacher Hard Lot. Housewife (testily) Go 'way from this door, you old tramp! What do you want, anyway? Seedy-Looking Man (starting off) I wanted to make you a call. I'm the new minister. At Ibe Sea Shore. Miss Partridge Well, what do yon think of my bathing suit, Professor? The Professor Um! Sid yoa brine it Jwitlijott? SUMMER RECREATION. The Nature of a Man is Shown by the Amnscmonts He Chooses. BASEBALL AND HORSE RACING. Fishing llnst be Charming bat Its Inno cence is Questionable. MINISTERS AHD TIIEIE CR0QUBT rWnlTTEN rOHTIIIDISFJLTCn.J Taking a holiday for rest and recreation is usually esteemed of vast value in the way of health. It is supposed to store up a sur plus of energy and to restore what has beeu lost in enforced toil and overwork for long days and weary nights in narrow streets and dingy bouses amid the busy haunts of men. It is a season to be spent in the pursuit of happiness at the option of each one's own sweet will and natural bent The ideas of men as to happiness and a holiday are queer. Some incline to baseball. Wherever they go to spend their vacation they want to see a ball game. The most entrancing delights may be presented in other lines, but a ball game to them is the most alluring felicity. Others pnrsue hap piness at horse races, where, with hearts full of hope, they find joy in prancing steeds, in lowered records, in well-placed bets and in successful pools. Many an offset to their felicity falls in, but the hits and misses be long to the chances and delights of the game and the risks mnst be run to enhance the happiness of raking in a pile and downing the opposition. EVERYTHING'S A LOTTERY. How odd and ridiculous it seems to raise a great hullabaloo over the immorality of the Louisiana lottery, when in every city on the continent horse races, baseball con tests, church-fair schemes, oil stocks and grain deals are made subject to the laws of cbance. Men find in- these diversion and delight; they engage in them as holiday pleasures, and pursue them with an ardor and enthusiasm that are amazing and confounding when contrasted with the regulation idea of tbe chief end of man. Lotteries by name are denounced as sinfnl and de moralizing, but when disguised as business deals and covered by charity they become legitimate enterprises, and sweet uses for adversity, as well as a popular mode for ex tracting money from people who could not otherwise be reached by the demands of benevolence. Lile is a lottery say some. There are those who, born with silver spoonsiu their mouths, find everything in life that is lovely and luxurions, while others seem born to hardship and misfortune. People who pro fess to know say this is a matter of discip line and preparation for another and a bet ter world. Bnt where the discipline comes in lor those whose lives have no shadows of poverty, no drawback in the way of disease, nothing to distress tbem or make them afraid is somewhat hard to see. AN EXPLODED IDEA. The old prayer for the masses was for faith and grace to make them content in the low stations and hard conditions to which they were assigned by inscrutable decree; but people to a large extent have outlived this doctrine. They will no longer accept the idea that for some men the blessings and luxuries of this mortal life are reserved by special decree, while others no less worthy are told off to do all the drudgery, while noodles, with no brains to speak of, ar4 en joying the choice things of life. ""It is well seen what God thinks of money by the people he gives it to," said some old lady who did not have Andrew Carnegie, or Mrs. Schenley, or some of our notable millionaires in her mind's eye. Certain it is, however, that whether or not it be the design of Providence to keep soma people down end poor, and others up and rolling in wealth, those that are down are not staying there without a murmur. If "our Andy" bad been content in the station to which he was called he would never have become a millionaire. If Abe Lincoln had prayed with sinrerity to be content in the station of a log cabin rail splitter he would never have become a lawyer or a President WHAT GRANT MIGHT HAVE BEEN. If General Grant had been content to raise beans and corn, and to plow and sflw and reap and mow, on tbe poor farm upon which fate had planted him near St Louis, he might at this day have been gathering in a pumpkin crop annually, and enjoying as good health as the miasma and malaria of that region would permit to a jog-along farmer whose vocation it is to growl under all circumstances, and yet stick it out be cause that is where the Lord put him to get in right shape lor heaven. George Stevenson was not contented with the station to which he was called by birth, although he doubtless often enough repeated the prayer to make him content to live his life as a colliery worker. He was pre sumptuous econgh to use bis brains and do the best he could to get out of the grind in the pit and raise himself to a position of fame and ODulence. Nobody believes he was wrong, although the instruction of his chu-ch was to be content in tbat state of life to which he had been ostensibly called by birth and education. Men never are satis fied when there is a height to reach, an ene my to down or an aspiration to be realized. PISHING TOR EEOREATION. The nature of man is shown by his amuse ments. Tbe real man crops out when he lets himself go in order to play. He delights in all manner of fights to see which whips. Horse races, ball games, contests, whether by fists, or tennis, or innocent croquet to wbieh clergymen mostly incline, fill up a measure oi bliss in most men's holidays. Then fisning oh, fishing! fishing seems to fill them full to overflowing with delight Fishing is what Presidents, Supreme Judges, lawyers, clergymen every kind or a man you could mention seem heartily to enjoy. The man sworn to administer justice sees nothing wrong in a conspiracy to in veigle innocent fishes to sudden death. The man who preaches upon tbe horrors of cruelty to animals sees in fishing only a holiday amusement The man in the pulpit who "goes on" occasionally in the most harsh and abusive manner as to women wearing birds upon their bonnets as a re finement of cruelty, have not a spark of compassion for the fish they work so hard to get upon tbe string only lor fun, for holi day amusement IT MUST BE CHARMING. Izaak Walton remarks of angling as Dr. Boteler said of strawberries: "Doubtless God could have made a better berry, but donbtless God never did, and so if I might be judge God never made a more calm, in nocent recreation than angling." We may, perhaps, agree with old Izaak as to the calmness and quietness of the amusement, but the innocence is hardly so clear. Xet tbe charm of sitting silent upon a bank, or in a Doat, or npon a stump waiting for a bite, must he a state ot felicity hardly to be set lorth in words, since hardly anybody save Shakespeare and Iziak Wal tot" have attempted to depict its raptures. But it is one of the chief amusements of men, and it may be as the latter says "a rest to the mind of man, a cheerer of his spirits, a diverter of sadness, a moderator ot pas sions, a procurer of contentedness." With all ot these aavantages it is certainly en titled to the foremost place as a killer of time in holidays. But, as Walton some where says, fishing is like poetry men are born to it, and women are not as a general thing. The goody goody men like croquet They frown upon whist or euchre, or bowling or billiards or anything that savors of games of chance, but, oh, how they dote upon the sweet solemnity and innocence of croquet But great Csesarl They indulge in more gab, more wrangling, and fussing over such a milk'-and-water game than is made over progressive euchre with its prizes for skill and stupidity. Tbe fact is that men must have amusement, and in such line as suits their tastes and purse. They must mingle lll.l. nil. wttl 6U lmrluAm Bzuxa Bbakblx. 36 PAWHETG AT VASSAB. Tho Ilnblt Grew From n Transaction with. n Woman Instead of 9Ilne Uncle. Boston Glonc The pawning habitis a comparatively new. feature ol Vassar life. Atleast, one cannot find that it was ever heard of until within the pastfonror five years. How it originated is not known positively, bnt the story goes that once npon a time a well-known and very popular girl, who generally had plenty of money to spend, and who, for that'reason.' as well as several others, was queen of her select circle, found herself very "hard up,"' and as this conditiou was due to extrav agance that her teachers or parents would hardly have considered legitimate, she did not dare appeal to tbem. Finding herself in Poughkeepsie, and being about to spend her last lO cents in, buying sweetmeats of tbe old woman whoi had supplied her with these dainties for nearly three years, she became confidential, and told the sympathetic cake woman every thing. The old woman really feeling that it would be an honor to have such a "lovely young lady" accept a loan from her, so expressed herself, and her 'offer, after some demurring on the part of the young lady, was accepted., Of conrse it was only a week or so before she was supplied with money from home, and in paying the debt she in sisted upon giving a little bonus on the actual sum, perhaps merely in gratitude, perhaps knowing that to be the best way of keeping the transaction secret The tradition goes on to say that finding that such an easy way ot getting some extra money she resorted to it quite frequently, and after awhile told a lriend, who told a friend, and so on. A CODE TOE DBUmHG. How the German Modems Govern Their Bantu nr the Beer Slug. Illustrated American. An elaborate code of etiquette governs the drinking bouts of the German students. Any failure to respect tbem subjects the' delinquent to a fine of a glass of beer to the party slighted. You cannot drink by your self; you must challenge someone to a friendly bout. You say: "I will go you half or a whole pint" The party challenged may adopt one or two courses; if he wishes to join forces at once, he says, "I will go you," or simply, "Prosit" It he is not quite ready, he acknowledges with a bow. But hemust be ready within, three minutes Cheer minutes, three of which' are equal to five ordinary minutes), and with tfce words, "I go you now," the bout commences. In either case he must drink the quantity you named. tlPKt Pay the Fiddler. New York Times. A graceless nephew of State Senator Wat son, of Schuylkill county, Pa., has pre vented the old man's renomination, and will go to tbe Senate in his uncle's place If he can get himself elected. It is said that one resnlt of tbe avuncular wrath which the nephew has provoked will be a "codiciling" of a certain last will and testament Undoubtedly Correct. "George," asked Mrs. Ctimso, "what paper in the United States has the largest circulation?" "Paper money," replied Cumso promptly. MADAME A. RUPPERT Complexion Spocialtis. Mme. A. Rnppert's world-renowned face bleach Is the only face tonic in tbe worlil which positively removes freckles, moth patches, blackheads, pimples, birthmarks, eczema and all blemishes of the skin, and when applied cannot be observed by anyone. Thousands ot ladies and gentlemen are using.it daily in Pitts burg, and in all parts of the world, with pleas ing results. Call at zar office and see testi monials from ladies of Pittsburg and vicinity who do not wish their names published. The face bleach can only be had at my branch office. No. S3 Fifth avenue. Hamilton building, rooms 203 and 2W, Pittsburg, or sent to any address on receipt of price. Sold at 2 per bottle, or three bottles, usually required to clear tho complex Ion. So. Send-1 cents postaeeforfull particulars. jylg-lOl-Sa MME. A. RUPPERT. TTT 8EEMY SPONGE? 'd i rfiHINE your Shoes with WOLFF'S- cssr ACME BLACKING ONCE A WEEK! tV Other days wash them clean with SPONGE AND WATER. EVERY Housewife EVERY Counting Room. EVERY Carriage Owqer EVERY Thrifty Mechanic EVERY Body able to hold a brush "" SHOULD TJSS Wiu.STiNOuNtwruiuirrur f .an? . WIU.8TAIN GLASS AND CHINAWAKC T'ji Will Stain Tikwarc atlha Will Stain your Old baskets same Will stain Bast's Coach I time WOITT & BANDOUH, Philadelphia. jy2l-TTSSOJ POWDER Is an absolute necessity of a refined toilet in this climate SM L-IJlilll! MEDICATED Combines every element ol beauty and purity. j JrOIjP.J7TVir-T?'vrvt - mlr ' jjwtf 'TfissstSr Fw'VyaO-sMit " -
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers