I- i r t SECOHD PART! I F Tho Panorama That Unfolds Itself in Going From Kansas City to Busy, Smofcy Pueblo. UTILIZATION DWINDLES AWAY Until All That Eemains of the Far-Famed Deserts of the Great West Breaks Upon the Yleir. CITIES TO BE FOUND OEM ON MArS. Ximb:r Becomes to Bcaree Chit Toothpicks Are Hoardr! u Precious Bella. tCOBEESrOSDEKCI OT THX DISrATCH.l Dkstob, July 24. AH to spend the sum mer in Colorado, and am stopping a few days in Denver, that bright, new city of dnst and dry weather. I have been ont here before. -7? mzts.. YS tTi"i lears ago x came to J-fjlbtS this climate, a skinny JLJT.f iWE." consnmptive,for health, f- - bigger bonanza than IieadTille can ever boast. Prom a sanitary standpoint, I am "worth millions" com pared with what 1 once was, but financially Colorado railroads and hotels have the profits. Ah! I chuckle, though, when I think what a poor medicine of it the doctors and druggists have. Hot that I abhor the professions far from it; but it relieves the monotony wonderfully to buy something Be side pills and prescriptions, and fresh air and rugged scenery lorm a pleasant varia tion to a menu of cod liver oil and cough syrup. The truly initial point of a western trip, especially from the South, is Kansas City, whose Union depot you find thronged with a crowd which, for restlessness, size and gen eral incongruity, few other points can equal. Consumptive and capitalist, tramp ana tourist, pauper and proprietor, drum mers, deaabeats, emigrants and everything comprised within the two great classes of wealth-hunters and health-hunters, jog and jam each other with bags and baskets in the impatience of delay. CIVILIZATION CREEPS A10XG THE BAILS. A dozen years ago only one route lay from here to Denver. Kow by half a dozen different roads, all making about the same time, the trip may be accomplished. Civil ization has crept out along the iron rails much Soma Dwindle to Mere Huts. faster th -1 c3 t.'ic Q.roadcd portions, and the plains, as seen from the car windows now, are losing fast their peculiarities. On the newer routes tbevsre the more characteristic and natural. "Wishing to see them once more in their pristine crudeness, I took the Missouri Pacific, that leviathan of railroad systems which, ribbing our Southwest with bands of energy and progress, has recently stretched a great tentacle to the base of the Rockies. Twenty-five years ago a continent might have been proud to have only as much railroad as this one system comprises. Any where from Mexico to the Upper Missouri, from the Mississippi to the mountains, you can lay your hand upon its iron nerves, and feel yourself in touch with the continent. Prom Kansas City its trains for the "West bear off southwesterly through some of the richest rolling prairies of South eastern Kansas. You can scarcely tell when you turn, except by consulting sun or compass, and one might imagine that he was still running east among the well-improved lands of Missouri. This way till noon, and then a certain newness of farm houses, and briskness of village betrays the westward march, and later in the afternoon, you leave the well-hedged farms behind, and the newer civilization is upon you. Still the houses look like homes, and a gen eral air of well-to-do pervades the entire re gion. Later, as you begin to leave the timber streaks along the streams, fences of a thin, shaly stone, which lies near the surface, appear, and anon comes the post and three wires, enclosing only the neces sary oasture. And now as the sun sinks low and looks square into the silver eye of the engine, the Kansas home has dwindled to a hut, with, perhaps, a box-alder gate post not larger than your wrist, but the golden grain fields and green maize plats still checker the prairies in a wild, neglected way, as though the cereals were indiginous to this region. WOOD GROWS FBECIOUS. Toone from a wooded country the scarcity of timber seems distressing. You are re minded that at Kansas City you pocketed a lot of basswood sticks which you have been breaking off in your teeth and sucking down your windpipe, and to add more to your misery they have grown heavy on your con science. They have acquired a value in this treeless waste that you never dreamed of, and had you a chance to barter with the border farmer you might mitigate your ex penses considerably. So you spit out your toothpick and put a self-denying check UDon your wood chewing propensities for fear that when the train stops for supper vou might consume some squatter's entire 'im provement. A manger-eating mule would ?& Tin Homon Like a Chalk Line. ruin a Rothschild to" keep him in the lux uries of life ont here. Seriously, howevr, these people do not suffer so much as would appear. m And now, after supper at the eat ing station, we are off again. The settle ments get further anart nhli- .Inm the water courses now, and as the twilight fades the last vestiges of agriculture depart, and the larra drops from jonr view and vocabu lary, and the easy-going ranch takes its place. Darkness comes and finds you on therayed edge of civilization. Yon strain J?"IMd behold a kind of olive twig of light upon the sable flood-a feeble fli ting candle miles away across the houseless prairie. A want-to-see-honie-and-mother aort or loneliness comes over you; you pull down the blind of your sleeper or chair car. "ii CW f? U T0.u can "e. U war still be the Great American Desert. ON THE OEEAT PLAINS. Now sleep claims her tribute. "When vou wake, your curtain rises with the sun. and everything seems flat-flat as the syndicate joke. You are on the plains indeed now. A war off the unrelieved horiznn ....,. n v. chalked line, while the sage brush and j ROM A CAR W RDOW w M -" TWH?" cactus straggle under your window, and patches of moss-like buffalo grass and frost like alkali blotch the ashy sand. A jack rabbit flees wildly away at the train's ap proach, and closelookiug may discover the skulking coyote, or the querrulous prairie dog scolding from his mound. A few ante lope still inhabit this region, but you are fortunate if you see them. The buffalo has gone forever, and left these broad pastures to his cousin, the ox, who grazes there in herds almost as vast as those primeval. But hislwallow is there yet, distinct and fre quent, and nothing but the plow, the great leveler, will ever blot them out. There is something very grand, but still something very sad, in the march of our civilization. In the great struggle and the "survival of the fittest" the Indian, the buffalo, the antelope, the prairie dog. badger, rattlesnake, and burrowing owl all must go, and have nearly gone. Even the blue stem grass is subduing the gramma, and the plowman is crowding the cowboy. We can spare the latter, along with the In dian and the serpent, but it is much to be regretted that oar Government has not re served and protected a bit of our native plains that those coming after us might see a sample of these vast steppes in their origi nal beauty. I have crossed the plains on all the routes; only on this line and for a very short distance can one now hope, from a car window, to see anything like what was once known as the Great American Desert. TOWNS DWINDLED TO A NAME. And now the towns, which everywhere have partaken of the nature ot the country, still look city-like and prosperous on the map, bnt in fact have dwindled to a name, or a saloon over the Colorado line, occasion ally associated with a windmill or telegraph office. It is the "desert place," in the .Bible sense, indeed. But soon the stations grow more frequent and a little larger; wagon trails stripe the green plains with brown lines, and home-like houses again dot the arable slopes. There buttes, green and mammillary, scallop the horizon as though Just Over the Colorado Line. Mother Earth had again bared her bosom for the sustenance of man and beast, and here are little piles of broken stones, as though nature in goine "West to build the mountains had dropped a bit of her material. That fringe of green on the left is the willows and alders of the Arkansas river, which has cut its channel 2,000 feet deep throngh the mountains just above here, and that narrow streak so gracefully curving around the base of those broad swells is an irriga ting canal, whose refreshing waters make this "desert blossom as the rose." You are in the eastern edge of the Montana civilization. The billow of progress, striking the baseof "the Rockies," is hurled backward from the west on to the plains, and soon the two waves will meet mountain ditch artesian well eastern rain belt and, with man's energy, the earth will be subdued. A RAINFALL STOBT. A Methodist preacher once crossing these plains further back seeing them all creen with growing crops, exclaimed : "I don't understand it. Years ago no rain fell here; now it is fairly seasonable." "What 1 replied a rough old army offi cer, "vou a preacher and don't understand that?" ".No, sir; can you tell me?" asked the presc'ier. "Yes, sir. God Almighty sends it to them just as they need it 1" "I sat rebuked," said the minister to me, "in the presence of this rouch man's trust." On you speed. The engine smoke curls lower, now, in the light air; the wagon trails converge; the Pacific's tracks steal in among and checker the iron belts of the other roads and you are in Pueblo, "the Pittsburg of the West," all hazy with the smoke of manufacture and buzzing with the hum of industry. Hence you may go any where. Ramifying the mountains like the nerves of a giant leaf, the Denver and Rio Grande will take you anywhere from Den ver to Salt Lake and spread you out under the green spruces beside the rushing waters, in sight of the eternal snows and among the everlasting hills James Newton Babkett. SECRETS OF AFRICA A Significant Silence Abont the Conduct of British Companle There. Illustrated American. A feature of the British enterprise in East Africa is the secrecy with which the opera tions of the British Imperial East African Company are conducted. In "Whitaker," which is supposed to give all official infor mation on all public matters, the words "No information accessible" appear opposite the entry referring to this corporation. As the company conducts its operations under a charter granted by the Qneen, this secrecy excites criticism, but little can be done. If Parliament should make a fuss about it the only result would be that the Ministry would have to resign, because the Sovereign can do no wrong, and if any wrong is done it is the fault of the Ministers. In view of the perils to which millions of the natives of Africa are subjected by the advance of civilization, in the shape of the British trader, it is though that sufficient publicity ought to be given to the affairs of the company to insure the protection of the natives against outrages of the grossest kind. It is recalled in connection with this matter that in no case, except, perhaps, one. have the doings of any British colonial company been sufficiently known to permit adequate public discussion of them. Official secrecy has stifled the moans of the native possessors of the soil. Vere little is known of what is going on in the Congo State, ex cept to the officers of the company, the em employes of the company being bound over to silence in penalties. RAILROADS TtvtWR AND ABBOAD. Comparison of the Pennsylvania System With the Prosslan. Illustrated American. A comparison has been made between railroad operations in the United States and in Enrope, by taking the Prussian system as typical of the one, and the Pennsylvania system as representative of the other. The Prussian system embraces 16,800 miles, and is owned by the State. The Pennsylvania system is 7,834 miles lone:. The total earn ings of the former in 1887-88 were 8160,000, 000; and of the latter, $123,000,000, so that the Prussian, with more than double the mileage of the Pennsylvania, only earned 50 per cent more money. The earnings per mile of the Prussian were 510,600; of the Pennsylvanis, $16,000. The Prussian lines carried 191,600,000 passengers, more than double the number transported by the Pennsylvania, namely, 78,000,000; bnt, on the other hand, the Penn sylvania carried 122,000,000 tons of freight, against only 99,000,000 tons carried by the Prussian roads. The Cigarette Smoker BmeUs. Have you ever sat beside a cigarette smoker when the mercury was climbing up to the 90 notch? No? Well, avoid him If you can. He sweats pure nicotine and smells like the heel of an old clay pipe. It is very rarely you see a gray-bearded, man smoking cigarettes; the inveterate dies be fore his isir begins to tors. i MISSOURI .PACIFIC SAIOON , - THE PITTSBURG DISPATCH FOOD ADULTERATION. A Ground Cinnamon That Was Made by Grinding Up Cigar Boxes. COFFEE MADE OF SPLIT BEANS. Pulverised Cocoannt Shells' Doctored Up and Sold as Pepper. COMMDKIOH WINE PIT FOE A BETTER IWBITTEK rOB THX DISPATCH-. 1 With all dne respect to politicians and editors, we Americans have a very decent sort .of a government, State, and Federal, over our heads. It is clumsy and stupid, and if we believe what we hear and read, it does au incalculable amount of harm. On the other hand, it does a world of good. And, strange to say, of this side of its career and conduct we hear and read little or noth ing. Bread and butter are probably the most important elements in the life of every citi zen. Our daily food is of greater importance than our annual suffrage, and in this field the Government has long been doing a qual ity and quantity of work that are admirable to the highest degree. The work is the ex amination, analysis and valuation of every kind of food and drink that comes to this country from abroad, as well as of many kinds that are produced at home; the suppression, con fiscation or destruction of unwholesome and injurious goods; the punishment of offenders of all sorts and tho publication of all the transactions involved in scientific and con cise form for future reference. GOOD, BAD AND INDIFJFEBENX. The wort: it must be confessed is done in rather a haphazard way. In the first place the National Government employes a score of skillful chemists who are attached to the Custom Houses of New York, Boston and such other leading cities as are legal ports of entry. Second in importance is the Na tional Board of Health, w,bich every year publishes one or more ponderous volumes of its proceedings. The third machine consists of the State Boards of Health, which are of all sorts, varying from that of Massachu setts, which has a world-wide name and fame to that of Delaware, which has no name at all. Still another machine is the local boards of health, which are liable to occasionally do something of value', but sel dom indulge in the luxury. So far as our daily food is concerned the most interesting if not the most valuable work has been done by the Cnstom House chemists and a few of the State Boards of Health. They are the bulwarks between our stomach?, if not our health and life, and the mercenary merchants and manufacturers who are only too glad to earn an honest penny by adulterating and imitating valu able goods, repairing and disguising worth less goods and substituting bad articles for those which are good. The struggle be tween the two is very much like that be tween 'the safe-maker and the safe-breaker, or the banker and the burglar first one is slightly ahead and then the other. SHBDWD FELLOWS TO DEAL WITH. The dishonest merchants and manufactur ers are men of brains and rely upon science to obtain increased profits. Under various pretexts, they, if foreigners, retain great servants like Pasteur, Tessie du Motay, Reich and Rich ter and if fellow citizens, Chandler, Austen, Wyatt and Bolton to solve chemical and technical questions, whose solution means a new way of deceiv ing the public. As an illustration of this any number of queer tricks can be given which are now a matterot official record, In the tea trade for instance, black tea was found to be adulterated with sloe and other leaves in ever increasing proportions and green tea to be weighted with impurities and colored with copper salts. The wealthy British tea dealers in the East were the guilty parties in every case. When the Government declared war on both frauds, they dwindled away immediately. As cheap teas remained as universal for several years thereafter as they had been before, an- otner investigation was maae, resulting in the discovery that over 20 domestic con cerns were buying spent and damaged tea leaves, re-curling and re-coloring them and then selling them as a bona fide, first class commercial article. More remarkable is the story of cheap pepper. Within the memory of many readers pure pepper was the rule and im pure the exception. Our foreign dealers began to adulterate their goods until the condition of affairs was reversed. The Gov ernment finally took a hand in it and the bogus pepper business forthwith began to decline, at least so far as the Custom House was concerned. In our own market, on the other band, it increased with even greater rapidity. GBOUND COCOANUT SHELLS FOBPEPPEE. A carefnl analysis by the Massachusetts Board or Health showed that two or more of our leading dealers in cocoanuts were in creasing their profits by pulverizing broken cocoanut shell, wbich had formerly been thrown away, and mixing the resulting powder with ground pepper. When the at tention of the authorities was called to this swindle, which, strange to say, is confined to Boston, New York, Philadelphia end Baltimore, the general quality of grouod pepper all over the country took a sudden rise. The improvement did not continue a long time, lor the trade price lists had hardly more than reached Europe, when some enter prising French and Italian manufacturers began to send us huge bags of "poivrette." This delectable compound is made by grind ing up almond shells, olive stones, cherry twigs and other ligneous fibers. It is util ized by flavoring it with a few drops of pep per extract or mixing it with from one-half to one-tenth its weight of genuine ground pepper. Amusing to relate, when the whole sale grocers and spice dealers fonnd out about "poivrette," which they did a few months after its appearance in the New World, the londest denunciations of the new adulterant came from the lips of the worthy cocoanut-shell grinder 1 He was so anxious for the health of his fellow countrymen as to urge the passage of a law making it a crime to sell or treat "poivrette" as pepper under any and all circumstances. A CLEYEB SUOAE FBAT7D. Sometimes the Custom House chemists come out ahead. At one time when the sugar duty depended upon the color of the article, being lowest upon the raw dark brown and highest upon pure white, the officials noticed a sudden falling off in the imports of the latter and an immense in crease of the.former. A sample was secured, which, to the eye, and judged by ordinary standards, the stuff seemed to be the poorest and impurest raw sugar imported. The chemists went to work with a will, and in a short time demonstrated that the raw sugar had been refined in the West Indies, and then to make the tariff as light as possible had been mixed with fine clay until it looked more like mud than anything sweet. When bought by on American refiner, it only needed to be dissolved in water, fil tered in the ordinary way, boiled down and then it is as pure and white a sugar as can he prodnoed. On account of this fraud the Government changed its system of valua tion, and now uses the polariscope to deter mine the strengh of imported raw sugars. Equally striking was an experience of the Massachusetts State Board of Health. In examining what was sold all through New England as powdered cinnamon, but which lost its strength so rapidly as to excite com plaint, they were amazed to find that it did not contain a particle of that famous aro matfo bark, and on the other hand ther -' " .. tuu VUIU IUUU U1BJ Jconld nol discover a trace of the substance gprp-jTOJ' - v&gp- PITTSBURG, SUNDAY, JTJLT 27, 1890. with which powdered cinnamon is usually adulterated. OLD CIOAE BOXES GBOTJND UP. Finally in the red powder they found something green, which, under the micro scope, turned out to be a fragment of an in ternal revenue stamp, such as is used for to bacco. This gave the clue and enabled them to show that the mysterious stuff was old cigar boxes, dried and gronnd up and flavored with a few drops of essential oil. The imposition was so outrageous that the authorities not only pnblished the discovery forthwith, but attacked the brand so vigor ously, that in the next month all that there was in the market had been confiscated and destroyed. The action of the officials is said to have cost the guilty makers over $10,000. The artifices in this held are numoeness and the ingenuity and even genius at times displayed in cheating are simply wonderful. In Boston a man .has a machine which takes the favorite food of that city, splits each bean into two grains, channels and finishes these so much like coffee that when they are roasted they'll deceive the average grocer. In Chicago, another com mercial crook has a machine which makes a roast coffee bean out of a coarse and dam aged wheat flour. The dies which cut out the grains are so well contrived that out of 200 no two are alike. The bean-coffee is sold chiefly in New England and Canada, the wheat-paste coffee in the West and Southwest. The Government, whether Fed eral or State, does not interfere with these preparations, because although arrant frauds upon the consumers, they are wholesome foods rather than otherwise. HONEST IN THEIB DISHONESTY. Sophisticated wines and liquors were for merly very common, but in late years have become very rare. One house in Hamburg and one in Bremen not very long ago did a large business with the United States. They were quite honest in their dishonesty and spared the Government by announcing in their bills of lading that their champagne was "carbonated gooseberry," their old cog nao flavored "potato spirit" or "industrial alcohol" and their benedictine "medicinal cordial." They left the lying to the Ameri can customers, knowing probably that the New World is far superior in this regard to the Old World. Barring brandy, of which two-thirds is fraudulent, it no longer pays to import imitations and adulterations. The false wines will no longer compete with the vintages ci tjamornia, umo, .Missouri ana New York. The liqueurs have gone large ly out of fashion, and even the sale of the imitation cognao and otard has fallen way down on account, partly, of the excellence of American brandy and partly the in creased popularity of rye and bourbon all over the land. In spite of the cheapness and wholesome ness ot our native wines, the officials occa sionally run down people who make a scant livelihood by compounding poor imitations. The New York Board of Health, for ex ample, found a "vineyard" in the cellar of an old warehouse in the heart of the busi ness center. It consisted of a lot of old hogsheads in which the proprietor was fer menting damaged raisins and decayed cur rants. The resulting wine, after being filtered and fortified, was not altogether vile. The officers threw 10,000 gallons into the sewer and arrested the vintner. THE CULPBIT'S NOVEL DEFENSE. His defense was novel, if not ludicrous. He said: "I am a gentleman and a Chris tian. That wine may not seem good, but is splendid. And I wish it distinctly under stood that it is respectable, because I sell it to a thousand chnrches for communion wine." In the manufacture of jellies, confection ery and bonbons the soul of the adulterator. runs riot. A cheap crabapple jelly made in Now York, bnt sold by the trade, gener ally consists of water, glucose, burned sugar, cider vinegar, oil of vitriol and veg etable gelatine. It is sold as cheap as 6 cents a glass and is said, to cost, less than 3,,the tumbler included. Of the Turkish; 'fig- "paste, Arabian Delight and jujube paste, much oi which was once and all ot which is still believed to be imported, nearly every ounce is made in the great manufacturing cities of the country. It is cheap and coarse and is made from wholesome ingredients by powerful machinery. It contains nothing but glucose, starch, a little flavor and a lit tle coloring, These are cheap and steam power is cheap. For this reason the falsifier of the past who used sugar and terra alba for materials and band labor in their elab oration is unable to compete in this line of goods. It is very different with chocolate. Dlain or confectionery, whether imported or do mestic. Of 200 brands examined officially not 20 were pure. Sugar, starch, glucose, terra alb3, barytes, brown ocher, clay, Venetian brown and other adulterations are added to it until in some cases there is not more than 15 per cent of the genuine article in what is offered under its name. Recently in the factory of one of the largest manu facturers in this country the Board of Health found a ton of Venetian brown in the workroom, with the workmen busy mix ing it in the machines with the chocolate. The manufacturer, by the way, is one whose standing and much-advertised claim for patronage is "Absolute purity and the finest workmanship." The national Gov ernment only , takes notice of these decep tions when any ingredient is poisonons or exists in large enough amount to do harm. The Boards of Health seldom give the matter the slightest consideration. In conclusion it is but just to state that the adulterer is in a minority, and that our foods and drinks are good, fresh and whole some nine times ont of ten. L. T. Jebbthan. SHE WANTS REAL BANQUETS. Remarkable Provision In a French Womu'i Will That Plenaes tho Acton. Illustrated News of the World. 1 By her will a lady in Paris has left a sum wbich will produce about 300 a year, to provide "real banquets" on the stage. Per haps she had been an actress in a small way herself, and, wh;n athirst and hungry, had drunk nothing out of pasteboard goblets and carved'ehickens literally as hard as wood. What she seems to have thought especially deplorable is that poor actors have often to affect to drink champagne, and even to get exhilarated upon it, when there is no cham pagne. Some moralists would say, "So much the better," or, even, "Serve 'em right," while others might contend that it was only a part of an actor's business to "pretend very much," and appreciate soaked orance peel as though it were tbe juice of the grape. But such was not the view of the testatrix. It is probable that more healths will he drunk to her memory" than to that of more eminent benefactors, just as that of the late Cuke of York was more often toasted at reg imental messes, because he gave them port for nothing, than that of the Duke of Well ington. EDISON'S PRETTY HELPMEET. The Wizard's Wire Is Terr Attentive and Always Provides Pie for Him. Boston Globe. 1 Mrs. Edison it a beautiful woman with charming manners, as becomes a countess. She is 24 years old, a trifle above the average height, with a verv graceful figure. She has brown hnir, which she usually wears high at the back, with a flufly bang over her forehead. Her eyes are hazel, and her complexion that clear olive which artists love. Mr. Edison's pet name for her is "Mena." The luncheon hour at the Edison mansion is 2 o'clock, and lest her absent-minded hus band forget tbat he needs some refreshment, Mrs. Edison often has tbe carriage sent for him to his laboratory, although It is only a five-minute walk to the house. Tbe reader would hardly guess, perhaps, one of Mr. Edison's favorite viands it is nothing morc-nor less than tbat very Yankee dish pie; for breakfast he always wants fruit Of course Mrs. Edison never lets her home nm oat of pit. HIDING IN THE AIR. The Two-Story Cars and Omnibuses Seen in European Cities. A SUGGESTION FOR PITTSBURG. Experience Has Relegated Stone Pavements to Oblivion. Street CHEAP KIDINQ ACB0S3 THE BEA rcoanzsr-OirDBRcx or the dispatch. 1 Pabis, July 18. I find in all Enrope only one railroad improvement which American railroads should adopt. That is the two-story cars. I find these two-story cars on suburban trains about Paris and on the Nikoli road, from St Petersburg to Moscow. The capacity of the cars running from Paris to "Versailles is doubled by this upper story. The view from the upper story is lovely. The upper story in the French cars is, open like the Manhattan Beach cars, while in Russia, the upper story has big glass windows. A Kodak of the two-story French car is shown. The Russian car is the same with glass windows. It was a most charming trip sailing down The French Two-Story Car. through Russia in the air. It seemed like riding on the upper deck of a Mississippi Btcamboat during the overflow. Away off over the steppes we could see the patient Monjik plowing in the fields. These two-story cars would be splendid on suburban trains out of Philadelphia, Pitts burg. New York and Chicago, and would be a perpetual delight to the thousands who crowd the Metropolitan Elevated Railway. The second story should be low, with big glass windows and well ventilated for smosers. The fare in the top storv of these cars in Europe is usually lower than be low, but in America the fare should be the same. The upper story in these cars is reached from outside steps, so that the entire train unloads at once. By this improve ment the elevated railway in New York could double its capacity and please every body. Everybody smokes on a Russian train both ladies and gentlemen. They smoke the Laferme paparos, a paper cigarette. I should not say every one, for in one car, which seemed to be occupied by fussy old maids and spinsters, was this sign: M , : This Car for Ladles Who Don't Smote. : : : The tobacco smoked is invariably Turkish, which is a tasteless mixture compared with fragrant Havana or American tobacco. Some of the wealthy and fastidious Russians are The Two-Story Omnibus. now rolling our fine-cut chewing tobacco into cigarettes. They learned this from the Americans who came over with Winans to build the Nikoli Railroad, named after the old Czar Nicholas, who, after building the road, died broken-hearted, killed by the dis asters of tbe Crimean War. One of the great luxuries of Paris and London are the two-story omnibuses. Eu rope has gotten beyond street cars and paved streets. London, Pans, Brussels, Berlin and other great cities havo given up the stone pavement. Asphaltum has taken its place. The asphaltum streets are so smooth that rails are not needed, and in place of street cars immense omnibuses, each drawn by three big stallions, run in all directions. The asphaltum streets are as smooth ns glass, they are noiseless, cost less than stone and last as well. New York is wise in covering her stone pavement with asphalt It is only Drawn by Three JYtis Animals. a question of time when, with smooth pave ments, the noiseless omnibus .will take the place of rattling street cars. The fare on tbe Paris omnibus is from i to 8 cent", according to the distance trav eled, while on the London 'buses it is from 2 to 6 cents. Omnibus fares are higher in Europe than street car fares in America. Hack hire is cheaper in Europe than In America. You can ride a mile in London in a hansom for 36 cents and in Paris for 30 cents. London cabs cost 60 cents an hour, while French cabs cost 40 oents. The French cab driver hires his cab and horse of a company by the day. He pays 52 50 for a cab and horse for 12 hours, and can change his horse for a fresh one when tired. In St. Petersburg. Russia, you can ride a mile in a cab for 8 cents, or 10 ko pecks. . Eli Pxbkixs, TlTH ENGLISH DBTJGGIST. He Doesn't Attend to Little Aliments as Hi! Consln Jonathan Does. There is a wide difference between the London drucstores and ours, says Julian Ralph li Sarper's Weekly. There is no such craze for patent medicines there as here, and there Is nothing like the Ameri can inclination for every man to be Ms own mfJWm f: $hM i full Jwit doctor. An English druggist sells face powder, cologne, soap, tooth brushes, patent pills and the like; but his main business is putting up prescriptions. He has no clientele of men' who drop in for a little aromatic spirits of ammonia after a night of dissipation, or for acid phosphate after too much smoking, or for tinctnre of iron and so many grains of quinine, or a glass of Calisaya for a tonic, or a teaspoonfal of bicarbonate of soda to offset too hearty a mea'. All that which so enriches our druggists is unknown in En gland. The Americans in London last sum mer found this out to their cost One of then told me that be had this queer experi ence. He asked a druggist for a draught oi iron and quinine. "Oh, we carn't give you that without a prescription, you know," the man replied. The American persisted, but the druggist was firm. "Well, can you give mean ounce of tinct ure of iron?" "Yes, sir." "And two two-grain quinine pills?" "Yes, sir." Having all these things the American dropped a dozen drops of iron in the water, and took that and the pellets down with a gulp. The druggist looked on with keen interest, and then said, very gravely: "Do you know, I call that very neat. It is very neat, indeed." READING FROM THE UPS. Facts In Regard to n Remarkable Power - That Can be Acqnlred by the Deaf. Lip-reading is not quite a new thing. The idea is mentioned in Bede. Abont 1740 a German and a Frenchman corresponded in Latin on the subject and came to the con clusion that the deaf could be taught to ex ercise the power of speech by watching the movements ot the vocal organs. Children are much readier in learning than adults. Some children can begin as early as 5 years old; with others 7 is too young. At Ealing College, England, there was a little fellow a brother, I believe, of Mr. Cyril Flower, M. P. born deaf, who was remarkablyquick. In a short time he could "lip-read" anybody. Another pupil, a nephew of Lord Holland, learned much morejslowly. By close observation the pupils have to imitate the movements of the teacher's lips, tongue and teeth in producing certain sounds. Thus the deaf learn to speak by seeing instead of by hearing. Many adults who have become deaf learn lip-reading, of course, in order to follow a conversation bv the eye instead of by the ear. With them the best method is to read from a book and let them repeat the words by having watched the movements of the teacher's vocal organs. Asa rule deaf-mutes learn lip-reading more quickly than those who had become deaf, because their power of observation is ex ceptionally well developed. NOT USED IN ENGLAND. A Few American Words That Slake tbe Avernce Briton Stnre. IUlph Julian In Harper's Weekly. I had an experience all my own in Lock & Co.'s hat store in JSt. James street The aged proprietor displays ancient helmets and caps in his window, which is kept scrupu lously dusty. Noting this, I said: "This must be a very old store, indeed." "Store?" said the man. "It's no store at all; it's a shop, sir. I call a store a place for the sale of a miscellaneous lot of goods; but this is a shop, sir. You ought to be more careful in your use of terms." If that was rudeness and I do not know" how great he considered his provocation it was the only rudeness I experienced from any shopkeeper. Bnt I learned from that incident not to say store. And before I left London I had 'swelled my index expurga torius to the extent that I seldom used the following words: Guess; yes, sir; glass (for tumbler); railroad; horse car; cents; fix; store; or pad of paper. "-Block of paper," they said, when I at last got them to under stand that I wanted a pad, "Guess" and "fix are pure Americanisms, and are to be used or not as you want to attract curious attention or to avoid it; but the most diffi cult thing for Americans in England was to avoid saving "sir" to a stranger who ad dressed them or to an old eentleman. "Yes, sir." and "uo, sir," over there are the ver bal insignia of a servant DIPHTHERIA AMONG CATS. ADIsenao Very Like tbe Human Form and Thonsht to be Contagions. Illustrated News of the World. 1 Lovers of cats are requested (in a polite way) by hygienio authorities to keep a strict lookout, in the case of their pets, for symptoms of a' feline disease which is be lieved to possess a greater likeness to human diphtheria than is finite agreeable to con sider or dwell upon. The human ailment and the cat trouble have occurred colnci dently or subsequently sometimes the diph theria preceding the feline disease, and vice versa. The subject is at present under in vestigation by Dr. Klein, working in the interest of the London Government Board, and all its points have not, of course, been yet satisfactorily determined. Enough, however, has 'been proved to teach us that on the first appearance of sick ness in cats they should be carefully watched and isolated from contact with their house holds. Children especially are given to fondle and nurse cats, and in their case the warning just given applies with especial force. I olten think we are not so careful as we should be in the matter of the health of our domestic animals, and tbe latest in formation about the cat may serve to place us on our guard against what, at least, may be regarded as a possible source of disease. WOMEN" IN THE COURTS. Belva Lockwood Tblnk She Beats the Men Sizing Up Jndgei and JnrorV. Daughters or America. J While speaking recently to Mrs. Belva Lockwood of women in the professions, I' mentioned the old objection that is com monly urged against feminine lawyers, the plea of indelicacy. "Since- they must appear as prosecutors and witnesses, why not as attorneys?" she asked. "Then you think the appearance of women in courts would pnrity tbe atmosphere?", "I know it by my own experience." "Have you found yourself handicapped in any way by being a member of the gentler sex?" I asked her. "No, on the contrary I have owed much of my success to that very fact Having nad a woman's intuition, I have been able all the more accurately to take the mental measure ment of my judge and jurors, and uulike most women I know when I have said enough." THE FISH WAS A FIGHTER Carious Performance la a Spawning Bed of Lono Stone Lake. Some days, while wading and casting for bass in Lone Stone Lake, Wisconsin, I in advertently stepped on tbe spawning bed of a rock bass or "goggle-eye," as they are sometimes called in the West, says a writer in torest ond Stream. The fish ran out, and a moment later came back at me and struck quite a severe blow on my leg as I stood in the water I stood quiet, and the little creature it was only about a half or three-quarters of a pound in weight ran at my leg again and again, bunting quite forcibly with its bead. The whole demeanor of the fish was one of great anger. As the water cleared I could see it very plainly, and it could see me as well, but "it 'showed no signs of moving off, and evidently meant fight I stepped away from its nest I had unfortunately trodden upon, and its posses sor then abandoned the fight A NOVEL DEALING WITH COTEMPORAKx LIFE. WBITTEir FOE THE DISPATCH. BY WILLIAM BLACK, Author of "A Princess of Thule," "Sunrise," and Many Oth&r Stories of the Highest Beputation on Two Continents. SYNOPSIS OP PRETIODS CHAPTERS. Tho story opens at Piccadilly with acod George Bethune and his granddaughter, Maisrle, oa their way to the residence ot Lord Musselburgh. The old gentleman is of a noble Scotch houss and claims to have been defrauded of his property rights. -Now he is ensaged In preparing for tbe nublication of a volume of Scotch-American poetry, and his errand to Lord Mnsselbarg Is to procure assistance from him. Maisne is just budding into womanhood and feels humiliated when her grandfather accepts 50 from Lord Musselbnre. On the way home she asks her grand father wnen he will begin the work. She receives an evasive answer which evidently convinces her tbat her grandfather is not in earnest. At last she begs her grandfather to allow herto earn a living tor the two. He refuses in his proudest vein. Intimating that people should feel highly honored to have the opportunity to assist the family of Bethune of Balloray. Maisrie's mind la evidently made un to take some Independent course. Young Via. Harrl3 overheard the con versation at Lord JInsselbnrg's residence and became strangely interested m the young girl. Ho had been trained fora brilliant political career; his father is very rich and given to Social istic Ideas. Vin. Is still studying and finds an excuse In tbe Interruptions at his father's bouse to secure a suite of rooms just across the street from Malsrie's borne. He has an aunt who la just now busy Impressing him with tbe importance of securing an American -wife for himself. At his rooms ho Is greatly touched by Maisrie's. tones on the violin, and straightway he seenrea a piano on which ha answers her plaintive notes. This at last leads to a formal introduction ot the young people. CHAPTER IV. STAIAED OX ASD A DIKHEE OP HEBB3. But on this particular evening, as it hap pened, Yin Harris had promised to dine at home; for his annt was returning to Brighton on the following day; and there was to be a little farewell banquet given in her honor. Of course aunt and nephew sat together; Mrs.. Ellison had arranged that; knowing that at these semi-political dinner parties the company was frequently a trifle mixed, she took care that on one side at least she shonld have a pleasant neighbor. And indeed when tbe gnests had taken their places there were about 30 in all the table presented a pretty sight. From end to end it was a mass of flowers; at intervals there were pyramids of ice, draped with roses, blush-red and yellow; but the candlesinthe tall candelabra were not lit the softly tinted globes of the electric lights shed a sufficient and diffused luster. It was a sump tuous entertainment; and yet there prevailed an air of elegance and refinement When soup was served, it was not the aldermanic MTSSEI-BUBO TJBOED THE EIDETt HABBI3' PEOPOSITIOS". turtle, but a clear golden fluid with gems oi crimson and green; and it was handed round in silver dishes. No one thought of a thick soup on this hot June night As soon as the hum of conversation be came general, the tall and handsome young widow turned to her companion who was only a year or two her junior, by the way and with her demure and mischievous eyes grown full of meaning, she said: "Vin, what has happened to you to-day?" "What do you mean, aunt?" he an swered, with some surprise. "Something has happened to you to-day," she went on, confidently. "You can't hood wink me. Why have you been so radiant, so complaisant, this afternoon why are you here, for example when yon haven't shown up at this dinner-table for weeks past?" "And you are going away to-morrow, aunt!" he" exclaimed. "No use, Yin. All of a sudden you want to be magnanimous to the whole human race; your amiability becomes almost bur densome; your eyes are full of pride and joy; and you think you can hide the trans formation from mel Well, then, I will tell you, since you won't tell me; to-day you were introduced to her." He was startled, and no wonder. Had his aunt, bv some extraordinary chance. witnessed that interview in Hyde Park? Mrs. Ellison's shrewd, quick eyes noticed his'alarm and laughed. "The story is as clear as noonday." she continued, in the same undertone. "Yon come home every night between 9 and 10. Why? Because she is an actress, playing in the first piece only; and of course the theater loses its attraction for you the mo ment she has left Now, my dear Yin, that is not the kind of thing for you at all. You'd better stop it, even although you have experienced the wild joy of being in troduced to her. What do you know about her? You have been investing her with all the- charming qualities of her stage hero ines. You haven t learned yet that she ira little slatternly in her dress; that her tastes in eating and drinking are rather coarse; that her tastes in literature and art aren't any worse still, that she is already pro vided with a husband, a lonnger about Strand public houses, only too ready to ac cept your patronage and the price ot a glass ot gin" He was immensely relieved. "Ob, you're all wrong, aunt!" he said, cheerfully. "I haven't been inside a thea ter for six months!" "You haven't?" she said, glancing at him with a kind of amused suspicion. "You are really playing the good boy with Parlia mentary reports and blue books? A very admirable diligence. Other young men would be strolling in the park in this hot weather. And then all of a sudden she asked: "What subject were you studying to day, Vin?" "Thompson's Distribution of Wealth," he made answer, with eqnal promptitude. "Oh. What doeste say?" "You don't want to know, anntl" "Yes, I do: I'm used to hearintr all sorts of theories at this table though I seldom set them put In practice," PAGES 9 TO 16. . 1-4 I T Well, he on his side was glad enough to get away from that other and dangerous topic; and whether or not he believed in her innocent desire for knowledge, he began to discourse on the possibility of universal hu man happiness being reached by a volun tary equality in the distribution of the pro ducts of labor. "Voluntary, do you see, aunt? that is the very essence of the scheme," he rambled on, while she apDeared to be listening1 gravely. "Thompson will have nothing to do with force; he himself points out that if you once bring in force to redress the ine qualities of wealth, you leave it open lor every succeeding majority to employ tha same means, so that industry would be anni hilated; tbe capitalists would not lend, tha workers would not work. No, it is all to ba done by mutual consent Those who have wealth at present are not to bo disturbed; what they have amassed is but a trifle com pared with what the millions can produce; and it is this product of universal co-operation that is to constitute tbe real wealth of the world. Well I suppose it is only a dream," he proceeded. "On the other hand, take my father's way of looking at it He is all for State interference; tbe State is to appropriate everything and manage everything; and to keep oa managing it I suppose, or else things would revert to their former condition. That's where the trouble comes in, of course. Tbe moment you allow anything like ixet dom of contract, how can you prevent tho former condition of affairs coming into ex istence again? You know, after all, aunt, there is generally a reason for the institu-i tions and social arrangements of any conn- try ; they don't spring out of nothing; they grow, and their growth is a necessity " "Vincent Harris," said the young widow solemnly, "I perceive the seeds of rabid Toryism beginning to sprout in your young; mind. Wouldn't your father say that tha reason for the monstrous condition of affairs now existing I don't consider them mon- strous ; not I; I'm pretty well content, thank you but wouldn't he say that tho reason was simply the ignorance of tha people who produce and tbe unscrupulous greed of the other people who take tbe lion's share ot the profits? Of course he weuld ; and so he wants to educate the producer ; and protect him by the State ; and see that he isn't swindled. Go to ; thou ttrt Didy mus, and an unbeliever; X suspect Lord Musselburgh has been corrupting you. Tell me," she said, irrelevantly, ''who is the woman with the black curls I did not catch her name when she was introduced to me He was delighted that she showed no sign of returning to that awkward topic "Goodness gracious me, aunt," said he, glancing in the direction indicated, whera sat an elderly lady.thin and gaunt and pale, with large lustrous black eyes, and black; hair done up in the fashion of a generation! ago, "do you mean to say you don't know Madame Mikuecsek?" "Who is Madame What-is-it?" "You never even heard of her!" he ex claimed, in affected astonishment "Mad4 ameMikuskek the discoverer of the Mys- tery of the East the prophetess of the new1 . religion who has her followers and dis ciples all over the world from Syria to tha Himalayas from New York to Sacra., mento. Really, aunt, you surprise me; yoa will be saying next you never heard of Bo." 'What is Bo or who is he?" she d4 msnded. impatiently. "Bo," he replied, as if he were too pun zledbyher appalling ignorance to beabla to explain, "wny, Bo Bo is the equivalent of the Chinese Ta. It is the principle of life it is the beginning and the end of all things it is the condition of the soul and yet not quite the condition of the soul, for the soul can live outside Bo until tha miracle of initiation happens. Then tha soul is received into Bo, and finds that tha present is non-existent, and that only tha past and the future exist, the future being) really the past, when once the soul has entered Bo " "Yin, I believe you are making a fool of me," the pretty Mrs. Ellison said, severely. "Ob, I assure you, aunt," he said, with : eyes innocent of guile, "it is the great dis- ' covery of the age the great discovery of all time the sacred thei neffable. When, yoa enter into Bo you loss your individual . I. A -.! -. 1.-J 1!-J,- i ifcj -or raiucr, uuiubvgx uau maj muiviau ality for Individuality wa a couftuioa ;" TWs t
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers