RL 1 ‘ 4 i i) i Ni! It is an easy matter to go out into the orchard, shake or pick the apples off the trees and throw or drop them into barrels for hauling to the town or | cross roads grocery where the fruit may be exchanged for a bolt of muslin or calico, or something else needed in the house. But this is not very profitable. The progressive farmer has found that it pays to give strict attention to the sorting and packing of his crop in or der that it may bring for him a much larger amount of money. Just when to pick is one of the se crets of the trade which all orchard ists do not appreciate, The time of picking red apples is commonly guaged by their color and that of yellow ap ples by the color of the seeds. The latter is the only reliable test of ripe ness, for an apple picked just as the peeds have turned a light brown, and before they become dark around the edges, will be found to have not only full flavor, but the best keeping qual ity. But red apples are often left for some time after the seeds indicate ma turity to allow them to put on more color, which they do rapidly under the influence of the bright days and frosty nights of autumn; and indeed this is the only way of obtaining color on fruit in the shady portions of the tree. Growers should bear in mind, however, that to defer picking after the seeds indicate ripeness, invites watercore and shortens the life of the fruit in stor age, often to a serious extent with the midwinter varities. TOO LATE PICKING HARVESTING THE APPLE CRO GUY ELLIOTT MITCHELL large percentage of the crop from the) ground or with a very low ladder, | Nevertheless you can scarcely make a | dwarf tree by any amount of pruning, and in every apple orchard ladders of | gome kind soon become a necessity, | HANDY TYPES OF LADDERS Of all the numerous styles of ladders, some form of step ladder 8 best adapt ed to the orchard, whether the welrare of the tree is considered or the comfort of the picker. Any ladder which must be set against the tree is a constant menace to it. Probably the best type of tall step ladders is one having three | legs, two comprising the legs of the ladder proper and the third acting as | its support. It is easily set up securely | Much of the complaint recently lodged agalnst the Jonathan of rotting at the core, according to a report of the Idaho Experiment Sta-| tion, is believed to be attributable to late picking. Unless this trouble is cor rected the sale of this valuable var- {ety is sure to be hurt. The purchaser {s completely deceived by the perfect appearance of the fruit, not a sign of | decay being visible until it is cut open, | when the flesh for some distance about the core is discovered to brown, radiating in narrow rays to-| wards the skin, which, however, it sel-| dom reaches. It is worse than a worm | hole, for that can be cut out. A box containing even a few such specimens makes the consumer distrustful of the variety, while half or more sickens even the most enthusiastic friend of “Brother Jonathan.” Few farmers are considered capable of packing their own apples, as the statement is made that, as regards’ because | be | on uneven ground an of legs at the bottom ly stable For 1 Japanese style of ladder, in which the | steps converge to a point at the top is easy to manipulate. Lightest of all the tall ladders is a single rail with pegs projecting from the sides, but it is least safe and comfortable the | user, and is not liable to become wide | i the 7 } it » al makes it especial work tall trees the for P. fruit In old or soiled boxes. When these are hauled to market they should | always be covered th a taroslt | i ys b red with a tarpaulin to to point keep.off rain or dust. If box material is carried over from one to an- other it should be carefully housed and year covered to keep it clean and bright. HONESTY THE BEST Two essentials of a of apples are honesty that is the apples in the middle or bottom of the pack, whether it be a box or barrel, should be just as good as those on top and all perfect: all of an even size and properly colored and every package packed with the same degree of care and skill, so that the buyer may feel certain that it is not POLICY perfect packing and uniformity IDAHO Le ldako Exper 1 ut Station, inseen Attractive ! the Arance f the boxes, an 1 valuable means of advertising and building up a cial trade Whether labelled or L however, the box should be marke the end with the name of the vi contained if the latter appe riety and is and number of apples the grade, espe ly anything but firsts inl ni | Ereat | country, {ations | pur i ay he y i shrub planting. Arbor Day has become | Lo "00 0 ie an. thi various toms d on | | has resulted in the pl of it were universal ———————— THE SCHOOL HOUSE WITH NO ECONOMIC Government Burcau of Forestry Has Issued an Attractive, Illustrated Free Bulletin on School and Home IT Thousands of school houses entirely ; lack the simple surroundings nat | would insure beauty and contentment, { We mean by this not a paucity in archi- | tectural design, but in the simple mat- ter of beautification through planting, which, In many cases, can be attained by arousing the Interest of the scholars themselves, Some city schools have no space for planting at all, although | gome contain a good arrangement of | flawer beds and shade trees In the towns and villages, also, it is possible | out many examples showing care and attention It Is in the however, that the improved school ground is rarely found. The ideal school ground, hould really be as much a part of the building itself, and where the pu pils can be shown the wonderful oper of nature, serves two distinct DOSER POSES which technical labora mt teacher can chemical chan with each appearance tarting of plant ys of spring, the with its blos wood in the history First, it becomes a tory, where the intel point out the mar res which oceur ’" the CHa801 h the ywth velou the wit warm of summ fruit and the in 1d, the yn the able amount with infl growing of uen r planting AND INFLUENCE OF ° t remendan (rifle p a tremendous influence in town. It woul very school boy and school girl should become interested in tree planting and every Its observance anting of millions spring that and that every child thu a great “institution trees every Suppose in every town should become as er s over the planting of a tre each IMPROVEMENTS IN THE VILLAGE. | young _ | Instead TREES AND NO PLANTS IS AN MISTAKE, ree Planting. sturdy sapling, and finally become a! great tree, leaving forth each year | and affording shade and comfort for | the occupants of the home. If the | mind grows up among such scenes and amid such environment, it will prove a mighty factor in the material prosperity of the community. — THE COUNTRY HOME. Lecturer Advocates Small Indepen- dent Homes, Each on a Acre of Land An address on “The Significance of the Country Home" was ivered by Edward H. Chandler, secretary of the Twentieth Century Club at the recent graduating exercises of the School of Domestic Science of the Boston Young Women's Christian Association. In ad vocating a deliberate system of train Ing nature study by means of school gardens, he said: Most important of all Is the beginning of a national move ment for the making crofts” or small in with perhaps family to find rural life, It be ar ror to suppose that such ho lacking out the land home del of "home an acs out t} would 1¢ true values There are multit What is nev coming at last to Le chil are of continuing haunts me who has ri d to be being sought out as typ best in home reproduced nificant which «¢ is expe are of one a lit in adaptations to times ni FLOWERS AND BIR] IN To grow the flowers Mr. Chandler and care 1 up meet is t type of democracy vet attained is a common which b country dwellers together But who are so far separated and indifferent to ng gin Ther interest nds ants of a city tenement or apartment house? THE STRENGTH OF NATIONS Not who live in the country Here and there and a degenerate he world child { and | thing Improving School Grounds, In Rochester, N. Y. the school authorities grade and sod the school yards, while the shrubbery and other planting by private effort in con- Junction with the school children. Ample land is furnished for decorative playground purposes, and most exemp- lary results have been obtained. 18.) Poor Chance In the Cities. Life In a metropolis makes young children sharp, but not clever; it often destroys thelr of ever wing clever, for it hastens the development of the brain unnaturally; it makes them superficial, alert, but not observ. ant; excitable, but without one spark of enthusiasm; they are apt to grow blase, fickle, they thing but they for they have ity to get a the Chinnce Et ha bd ountry-bred not 0h Interesting more things; do not proper; ae uny the time all rowag neither nor capn« root of the bewildering 1 hat « thems into the JOB OFFICE WANTED. FE 18 eh Big Profits in Capons ned my : free instru postpaid 82.540 Gape Worm Extract Poultry Marker ich Killing Knit Japon Book Free, FRECKL REMOVE We me Powis weiy ones of freckles wish FTILARAN YS remove FERRE «3 vee oben mon Fredde Crop 4" “pu. Greatest Baseball Outfit ~ \2, Chance WRITE TO-DAY ls te of rong reg gm LE thd ———————————————————— A Bag the where ing the objection that fr is easily ruised the brushes against a limb or ladder sual form of packing does not of removing the fruit except by pour ing, and this is objectionable. The | tomless sack overcomes this difficulty as it allows the fruit to roll from the when the chain Is released iL bottom hui — LADDER for Orchard RAIL Form SINGLE A Very Light | the seeing worm holes, their eyesight Is deficient. Where there is a fruit un-| fou, the Idaho bulletin suggests that a rule should be adopted forbidding any members thereof from doing their own picking, but, they should pro fit by the employment of the same body of trained pickers successively at the various orchards. Even the isolated growers should endeavor to have a group of expert pickers, and employ the same ones, as far as possible, year after year. This is the way to build up a reputation that has a great cash value. PACKING IN BARRELS While the simplest method of pack: ing apples is the old barrel of the east fn which the bottom and top are faced, the apples In the middle being simply poured in, this is a slovenly, not to say deceitful method, for It requires no grading expert to sort out the best ones for facing. The Western box method, on the ‘other hand, Is more desirable, especially in cases where one wishes to cater to the fancy trade One of the pretty points about the box package is that the exact number of apples contained therein Is always known, and If stamped on the box as it should be, gives information much ap preciated by the buyer. Of course this only applies where the packer adopts one particular method of placing the ch treatment might do with oranges, apples—never. The average ould never withstand the temp tation to let them shoot from the moment the foreman’s back was turned THE IDEAL PICKING as th it with bag the BAG SBCENE IN A Perhaps the best picking bag is the apron bag. It is cheap, being easily made of a heavy grain sack, hangs in the most convenient position for filling and leaves both hands free. It A BURSTANTIAL THREE LEGGER apples in the box. A prominent orchardist made the statement that it costs money to step on a ladder in an orchard. This or chard owner finds that there is a waste of time in climbing up in order to reach the uppermost branches of the tree, so that it is considered advisable that effort should be made through runing to start the head of the tree ow and keep It low In order that the most profitable Investment can be made out of the trees. It should be is so shallow that the first apples ran be conveniently Inld in It without drop ping, and yet it holds all the wearer ean earry, and finally cannot be emp tied by pouring, unless the picker stands on his head. Clean hoxes will help to bring better prices for anples, so that it is considered arsolutely es sentinl that the packer should use only boxes that are freshly made up of material that is white and clean. No man who takes pride In his business or cares for his reputation will pack possible for several years to gather a (A 50) Drawn from a Photograp Colorado of tory of a potato grower in a few years ago, when the potatoes in the eas! was Colorado had, as usual, raised thousands of sacks, but found price low that it scarcely covered the freight charges. In the emergency “The Man of the Hour” appeared in the person of a grower who washed his potatoes carefully, put them up In neat 10pound sacks with attractive labels and sent them on to Chicago. A very fancy price was asked, but the potatoes went off with a rush and netted the grower the highest returns he had ever received similar to this are known to most farmers Very often the manner in which fruit and vegetables are put up has more influence on the price than quality it self 01 or Pp ®O Cases Barnyard Manure, For garden crops there ia no fertl Hzer that will compare with good, well rotted barnyard manure, In localities where a supply of such manure can not be secured It will be necessary to depend upon commercial fertilizers, but the results are rarely so satis factory. In selecting manure for the gardén, eare should be taken that it does not contain any element that will be injurious to the soll, An excess of sowdust or shavings used as bedding will have a tendency to produce sour ness In the soll. Chicken, pigeon, and sheep manures rank high as fertilizers, thelr value being somewhat greater [than ordinary barnyard manures, and {almost as great as some of the lower {grades of commerein]l fertilizers, The manure from fowls Is especially adapted for dropping in the hills or rows of plants, ——— - N IDAHO RB | town |} ORCHARD lipent APPLE of | ! Exper of Station, { upon Fourth July, what a wonderful {change, In a few years, would result in immense. | the appearance of most of our towns many | and villages the | done in the school to ward making planting a success with the children It is not enough that when Arbor Day rolls around a tree should be planted by each juve nile member of the family. Unless the youngsters realize that considerable care is required the first year or two, the trees will die, and unless they have been taught how to care for their trees, dead and dying specimens-—fallures— will distress and discourage the youth ful mind, possibly beyond redemption. put with reasonable attention the poor Much can be tree est and the rockiest soils can be made to produce good trees A SCHOOL TREE NURSERY Certainly there could be nothing more fascinating than the starting of a tree nursery, of several good varieties, in each school ground, These nurser- fes could be started from the actual seed, acorns, beech nuts, hickory nuts, chestnuts, seeds from fir cones, and the seeds of other trees thriving In the loeality, and all these could be gathered by the children, and brought in and planted by them. Then after they had reached the proper age for transplanting, say two years, the class would, In an afternoon, visit a dozen homes, and participate in the trans planting of the seedlings, into their permanent locations. There Is an In. herent love for such things In the American youth, It is a wonderful thing, when you think about it, to take A bit of a seed, put it In moist soll, see it sprout, and then watch It through the progress of years come forth a tender shoot, grow into a Parking for the Town, The town 1 parks, or the town are the ver Ua re lune 10% squat Iungs citizen f the town w row LI ng soon to maoven ’ - O vp le \ s+ when t Ring wien > become a easy to to the! exorbitant start a for the securing } Fhe land is doubled and it will readily without paying an Secure first the land; It not that a large amount of} be at expended | beautification, it needs but little, since nature may have | made it more beautiful than can man. | It is not necessary that it should transformed into ecarpet Inds flowers and trimly kept lawns affords sunlight and a grass and trees for the eve a clvilizer and an equalizer poor as well as the wealthy, a resting place where a man may forget, for the time, some of his struggles and his anxieties in a contemplation of what God has made, The park should be kept, in fact, as natural as is consistent with its use as | such. It is never too early, however, to secure its site, with a view to the building up of the community, when land values will necessarily Increase, town pa ing ner 8 has ty sites, small « he secure people, price important money should its not a accessible is once possibly be | of | If it} green relief of | t becomes for the _— Distribution of Immigrants the Solution, ’ . - paddle re . SHIRT sane wales ial, regu u . around « ore { epoca / tr and ve Ar she - sifting { TARK, v BASEMAN'S GLOVE, CATCHERS MITT, t x + BOYS BASEBALL, Seut tr t El isudke ein at Me fexrense to you t WOOD WOOD CO, * ="e~ogir Rv" free If there were only some practicable | way of distributing immigration more | equally among all the ports of the country the congestion and segra gation phases of this problem would be nearer solution. It ean be accom plished In but a small degree, since it will enly be done If answering an economic demand, as in the case of the Galveston Bremen service, Wise and well organized effort to Induce Immigrants to pass through the large ports hy finding and Insuring them employment In the Interior and by In- forming them of opportunities else where, will do much to Improve con. ditions. The self-interest of states, many of which maintain immigration agencies, might also be brought more generally into play to attract the In. dustrious and ambitious new comers to their farms and smaller tows, Wherever anywhere in this country there Any One who has the Spirit of True Patriotism and Love is Genuine of Humanity in his or her heart, “The Coming People” By CHARLES F. DOLE should be the first book to be read There is a multh who see the our country unle of the tr confront us emer The spirit ix the forth in this remarkable book must be an wi wi considermtion of these that ho a wy nspirat every truly n to mane and patriotic heart Let the spirit of common sense and opti mism and fundamental ¢ osophical trut) onomiic and pt ['Y) that pervades this book be taken as the underiving the motive of the Creed movement, and and Platform of the Homecrofters as the practical plan to work to, and the rest of the great social questions are certain fo be rightly solved them of the sound and humane principles that will guide the action of our people upon all great national ques. tons, by application One copy of “The Coming People” post. age prepaid will be mailed to any ad dress in the United States for twenty five conta One copy of both “The Coming People™ and “The First Book of the Homecrofers” and "Maxwell's Talisman” monthly for the rest of the year 18 will be mailed to any address in the United States for Gey wents, Remit in postage stamps to The Home crofters, 18 Main street, Watertown, Mass,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers