TO BREED RESISTANT Crops, Proof Against Insects or Disease Can Be Grown by the Farmer. GUY ELLIOTT MITCHELL, The farmer's too greatest foes are a very useful purpose in turning the insects and plant diseases. by a proper rotation of crops soil, and he can stimulate plant growth by plenty of fertilization. By the same process he can keep down the weeds which rob his crops of nourish. ment and moisture. He can, to a great extent, overcome, with but little trouble, all the various smaller hin drances to crop growing-—all but the bugs and the blight. These twain are hard to handle, as to profess indifferent to their at. tacks. Not many years ago they were expected, not the less dreaded, espe cially the blights and the rots and the mildews: they were the natural visita- tions of providence. There wag no use trying to combat them, If they same, they came. The farmer prayed that they might not come that year, Now, science has shown us that they can, in most cases, be overcome, If not overcome, they can be prevented. Yet the process is often fraught with great trouble and expense to the farmer, Now suppose a man could develop a strain of plants hardy that blights and rust would pass them by 80 | He can, | thought of scientific and practical men and | fertilization, convert a poor into a rich | as well, in the direction of the de- velopment of disease-resistant varieties with results which promise to prove of great practical utility, Porarogs. During recent years the disease re sistance of potatoes especially has re- | the | ceived attention by several of {agricultural experiment stations in the { Minnesota, None is so arrogant | | blight {the in disgust and so bitter and unsavory | for a bug that the hymenoptera, the | coleoptera and the other ‘“toughs” of the insect trust would pass by and prefer to eat oak and hickory leaves? It would be a cinch for that man, would it not? He could sit in the shade and hire myrmidons to do his work, directing at hand in person and those at a distance by telephone. Such a condition may be possible. The man who gets in first would be the one to sit in the shade and reap the advantage Eventually we would all get on to the scheme, and, unless the population of the world increased with accelerated rapidity there would be an over-production of food products and prices would eventu- ally back to their present so that we would all have to again The Department of Agriculture some of the experiment stations been working along leeting resistant plants with of at giving the enterprising American farmer a good big start In aggregate losses and e attacks In dry particularly abundant, weather plant diseases those close level, work get and have of the this line se- least the enormous millions—are insects millions caused by th of plant gers in weather in. and flour- liseases are wet » {dea | crop | { and and | rou United States, notably those of Maine, and Vermont, A bulletin of the Bureau of Plant In dustry of the Department of Agricul ture, prepared by L. R. Jones, of the Vermont Station, summarizes and dis cusses this work, and that along sim flar lines abroad, as well as the ex perience of practical growers. Sum marizing the results, Professor Jones draws the following tentative con clusions: Disease resistance in potatoes relative, not absolute, no known being wholly proof against late and rot. It seems related to general vegetative vigor, and is. there. fore, in a dependent upon is measure cultural and developmental conditions | and tends to decrease with the age of variety. It can be restored by originating new varieties from seed, especially of hybrid origin. Not all seedlings show superior disease re | sistance, * * +» Farly varieties may escape the dis ease by maturing before it becomes epidemic, but when similarly exposed they are, as a class, less resistant than late varieties The source of seed tubers Is a mat ter of importance, northern-grown seed giving plants the superior disease resistance in Europe. Seed crop that was not too highly fertilized is probably preferable Possibly tub ers are better for seed purposes if dug before full maturity, High fertilization, especially with nit genous manures, the power of the plant to resist both blight rot So far as skin characteristics are ar index, the red varieties with thick and rough skin seem more resistant as a class than the thin-skinned white varieties, So far as stem and foliage chara concerned, the that is ! at the base small, colored they reach ro lowers and ana ters are dence favors the rough, and the leaf that is 1d dark nerica stem rather woody somewhat to disease re in tal triais as con ted at some stations, notably in PL Sw El NP THE LEFT, Hesistance to "DRAKE" Wiit ON THE RIGHT, Disease, h, while In average weather both do Vermont, where experiments in breed ¢ best they can to gather the crop ahead of the farmer. Many plant dis eases and Insects can be controlled by the various poisons, sprays, and cul ing and selection for Increased re sistance are under way. These results have been correlated with information recently secured by a circular of in- tural methods already discovered, but | quiry addressed to a large number of for some wheat, fly, not peach yellows, clover-seed 11 satisfactory remedies have et been discovered. Some instances may be cited to show ust what is meant by resistant or Im- » varieties and their value. Grapes sh a striking example. Euro grapes planted in this country fall wherever the American grape-root louse is present, because the louse Is able to attack and destroy the roots of varieties, The roots of na tive American grapes are also attacked by the same louse, but are so hard and wiry that the louse can not destroy them In other words they are re sistant. The unusual resistance of the Keif- fer pear to blight has made it pos sible to grow this pear In the South. ern States, where most other varie ties fail because of blight. The va riety of cowpea known as Little Iron has proved so resistant to wilt disease that in some fields it has survived when all other varieties have been killed little subject to the mildew which se rionsly affects the larger English va. rieties when grown here. With nearly erop grown, some of its varl pro more resistant or immune to disease or Insect attack than ean these feYery ot lor some othere Some varieties of the same plant are hut little affected by a disease, while others are badly Injured. Va. ristiona in this. respect also extend to individual plants of a given variety, These facts have been utilized to pome extent in the origination of the varioww so-called “disease-proof” va rieties which have been Introduced into enltnre—ns, for example, the “rust-nroof” varieties of wheat, oats ete. As a rule, however, these varie tien have not heen develoned by anv gyetematie. scientific methoda of se lertton and breeding, and althonpgh » fow avaw merit, moet of them have pat masanrad up to the rlaima mata American gooseberries are but | | | as, for example, the rust of | potato specialists in the Northeastern States and in Canada. From these it appears that a wide variation is shown in disease resistance among the varie ties now In cultivation in America, but that no one variety is preeminent. Among those which have been wide. ly tested, the following deserve men tion as of the resistant class: Dakoto Red, Rustproof, Irish, Cobbler, Sir Walter Raleigh, Doe Pride, and White Beauty In tests made at the Vermont sta. tion in 19056 the following varieties Roots of *‘Iron' to Root Cowpea, Resistant Knot, showed marked resistance to blight on both sandy loam and clay loam soils: Keeper, American Wonder, Dakoto Red, Doe Pride. and Late Blightless Varfeties having an nunrieht habit of growth, moderately branched with Ary haley mativmatsal loaves arn much mara likely tn rrave resiatant to for them. They have, howgver, served | late blight than are those with large, recent variety | smooth, flabby leaves and decumbent stems. The evidence at hand seems to justify the hope that the combined ef- forts of potato specialists working irom both the practical and the gelen- tific standpoints may soon result in the development of varieties of pota toes combining general excellence with a high degree of disease resistance, CANTALOUPES, A recent bulletin of the Colorado Station reports the discovery by a local grower of a rust-resisting canta loupe which promises to be of im. mense value to the Rockyford canta. loupe industry. In this case seed of the Rockyford variety was purchased from five different seedsmen They were planted and cultivated under sim {lar conditions, When rust attacked the field just before the melons began to ripen, it developed rapidly and soon lestroyed all the vines except those STYLES FOR WARM WEATHER, Fashions for Heated Term are Harmony with Comiort. BY BEKTHA BROWNING. in The summer fashions have become quite as settled as they are apt to dur- ing the season, and those wardrobes which are just vantage of being exactly what sired rather than an uncertain cast, preparing have the ad Is de fore the uncertain comforts of some may utilize many a summer morning in fashioning pretty blouses of thin material and dainty little coats of lace or lingerie fabrics, It is the detail which makes up the fashlonable ward robes, and any woman who is clever with her fingers may make these [ small garments or accessories without ‘a great deal of expense, and satisly other from a| grown from the & Many of the hills tockyford LO throughout wherever this stralr had been used mar fl small s¢ Cs filled with seed. On | the plants were almost deve ind the small melons were prematu {ly ripe, with thi | large cavity, no market value” In tracing back strain of seed it was found years before a seedsman had first lot from a single healthy taken from a field of rusted v had therefore been developed | simple process of saving seed from | the best melons produced by plants { which withstood attacks of rust when urrounding plants were destroyed by disease. What i farmer seed the nes by the was thus ace ished by one with one plants merit fic yield, early isease, or other de ave ars howing such fations which ed in this w ring and are | farms. The point to be emphasiz improvements in farm nearly always trace ba No is in to notice these exceptio the farmer. He is In his i ! len, or orchard, every day, where thes« exceptional plants are me plant in a rust field stands up green the that is weed the ba If or fiel seed fre AUG ral aloe Oa alon good fot geod ey " a plants one po plants fiel § trad Ire Mion disease, from sistant strain toes in a blighted remains unaf fected by disease ym that hill nay produce a blight-resistant variety If a squash phnt is found that is dis tasteful to the squash bug seed from that hill may produce squash vines which the hugs will not molest The important fact is that some plantg are much more resistant to dis ease and insect attacks than others | It is a question of seeing the resistant rust-re of pola fg Roots of "Wonderful" Cowpen,'' At. tacked by Root Knot (plant and propagating from it. The | farmer has as great opportunity for | doing this as the geedsman, The gold money of the world 1s £4. 61 for each inhabitant and the gold money In the T'nited States 1s $16.33 for each inhabitant, ne \ | over a pink | | {slip has a deep yoke of Dut ] Valencinnes th frills and tu and inset and cross ned The belt is of palest ribbon Small upon encinnes chiffon ‘ADOS Are looked favor, espe little mantles which sults or fabric which gr | mer frocks. The retu | prot ably due to the return of the | bolero which has appeared in of and the of which often resemble cape-like af fairs The | short sleeves | way by again with cially the three-piece go with those of lace or thin ngerie sun thi ner shapes gtylos gleove long gloves which are worn with are held up in a novel wristletes of elastic covered with shirred ribbon and finished at the with a buckle tiny rosette of | ribbon These just below {the elbow or above wherever the glove is supposed to end They hold the glove in place admirably and are a pretty addition to the tollette The fa vorite color for these bracelets 1s black, but any color of glove Is matched In these tiny accessories | ton or Are worn ] _— | The nonnlation of the British emnire [1a 400.000 000 and the area 11008378 square miles, Tha erontost irom prodneine stata In the Routh 1a Alabama, Virginia comes sreond, Tennessee thind, Maryland fourth and West Virginia fifth, The amonnt of nronerty Aestroved hy fire In the Taited States In the last forty vears in Inealeniable. More than ane millon hnlldines have been turned In the last ten years. BIT re ae Rice hvent Mores be wher Send for THER $58 trial hottie and treatise Dr. WT Know, Lied, 881 Arch 8, PMilindetphin, Pa, from soaking them for a few hours In kero- | gene, then washing in hot water, | The woman who enjoys the cool | breezes of her own veranda rather than colors readily those that on anything red, and most slowly on black. THE DANGEROIS Si MmER cians and funent physicians themnel ves are my patients. I fre H. C. BRADI ORD, M.D Germany makes more than 1700 varieties of sausages, The grape harvest of California Is about 750,000 tous valued at $15,000, LO, Ink and fruit staing may be removed | | white linens and cottons by | i Dew forms more readily on some than on others. It forms more on objects, next on It forms slowly yellow Ure green, FatPeople TO ALL SUFFERERS FROM TOO MUCH FAT ATRIAL TREATMEAT WILL BE SEAT AS A FREE GIFT BY SIMPLY ASKING FOR IT, SEARS WITH ITS TERRIBLE AND EXHAUSTING MEATY IN AOW TPON Is, EVERY OLN E OF SIPERFLUOUS FAT IN HIRDEN- SOME, UAHEALTHY AAD BRINGS MUCH MIFERY AVD DANGER WHICH MAY MEAN DEATH, I can reduce your weight 8106 pounds a week, No BLArving, no exercising, no nauseating drugs por sick. lis that ruin the mach Tam n regular, practicing physician and a specialist in the successful reduc. tion of superfluous | fat. My perfected | treatment quickly | relieves ;s from hat feeling of fulls ness oppress strengthens your beart, , and when you | desired weight yi u | Your face and ur skin will be clear feel and ok years flab cheeks, red ening a g . and d.r-chin, and other disag pert and s« activity and vigor ded by eminent phy- edical authorities. 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Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers