NATIONAL FOUNDATIONS. PATRIOTISM IN TIME OF PEACE NEEDED TO SOLVE OUR NATIONAL PROBLEMS. We Must Plant Forests, Organize Better Schools, Make Homes For Workers and Rear the Children Close to Nature.~Menace of Great Cities. At the commencement exercises of the Michigan Agricultural College on June 20th, 1906, an address was de- livered by George II. Maxwell, Dean of the Homecrofters Gild of the Talis- man and Executive Chalrman of the National Irrigation Assoclation, The key-note of the address of Mr, Maxwell was the idea that we should bring to the constructive work of our social and commercial life in time of peace, the same fervent patriots ism and devotion to the public sery- fee that would inspire the whole na- tion if we were in the throes of a bloody conflict with the people of some other country. In illustration ferred to our The wasteful of this he re- forest resources, fmprovidence with which we have swept the for- ests of existence was contrasted with the elaborate care with which we haye built fortifications and na- vies and equipped our armies. And vet, said Mr. Maxwell, we have little to fear from any foreign foe. But we | much to fear from the wreck ruin that will inevitably follow destruction of our forests. Dest the forests and over im- mense areas flood and drouth will destroy the farms. Destroy the forests and you will at the same time destroy many of our most Important industries by the ex- haustion of our supply of wood or timber Destroy a city by bombardment or fire and it ean be rebuilt in a few years more beautiful than ever. Destroy a forest on the plains and it may take more than a generation to restore It. Destroy a forest on the mountains, where the soil is thin and poor, and out nye and t! Oy control the legislature would use to get control of and destroy every acre of unreserved timber land In those territories, The country owes a debt of gratitude to Benator Burroughs of your State for his ald In preventing that bili from passing the Senate, It seems incredible that these things should be done by Congress, but there are reasons for it, In the first place the people at large take no Interest in the preserva- tion of thelr own property. “What 8 everybody's business nobody's business.” In the second place we have not yet, ns a people, risen far enough above the mere worship of Mammon to realize that we are deliberately sac- rificing to the Golden Calf the re- sources without which we cannot ex- ist as a nation. is cities, We must decentralize Industry and trade as well as population. The pariotism that Is latent In every heart must find an outlet in every country town and village in the work of village Improvement, of creating an environment for human life where the highest utility and beauty will surround the entire community, and where a loeal civie loyalty will prevail that will anchor the people to their own hearthstone and where they will live content under thelr own vine and fig tree. This loeal pride and love of home and the home town is one of the strongest of human feelings when once it Is deeply planted, It should be cultivated in every possible way. Nothing should be left undone to And worse than this, we are crowd. Ing our working people, both native! and foreign born, Into an environment | where congestion of population is de- | generating our workers and rotting | their physical and moral fibre, | Where will you find any citizenship | in the slum and tenement districts! of our cities to whom you can effect. | ively appeal for help to stop the waste of our forests? They Know nothing | about It and care less. The first need! of any nation Is an Intelligent citizen ship, and the slums and tenements of our great cities are maelstroms into which the citizenship of the country, is being drawn to its destruction in a steadily Increasing volume. We are suffering just now from spasm of national hysteria what everybody who ever took the trouble to go and look knew long ago the revolting conditions under which the great packers of Chicago have been operating their plants, and because diseased meat has been sold for food. H because But you may draw the worst pict- ure that your imagination can paint of the horrors of the slaughtering and packing of meat In those establish- ments , and nothing you can imagine equals the horror of Ulighting the lives of thousands of children who are condemned to live and grow up In the foul physical, =oecinl and moral it may take centuries to restore the forest if it can ever be done at all | The destr on of the forest cover leaves the mountain sides so exposed to erosion that the rocks are washed | 1ovt 1 RE ———— ER ————— ES \ “DESTROY THE FORESTS WILL DESTROY THE FARMS“ bare of soll, and reforestation becomes Impossible We are told Ly experts, and no one contradicts the that at the present rate of consumption, our en tire forest resources will be exhausted | in less than forty years. 1 have re ited thirty-five guard against Timber and repealed, and all wclnded in perm- the title to the the National only of ma- young timber | cutting, =o that perpetuated by National Govern- | vation or pur sisting forest lands, and the | of forests, create In il Forest Planta. h, through all the sufficient supply of ean be annually the needs of the from the Forest state take time next generation tatement RN ’ wt 4 the be Innds Me time » anent Forest Reserves, land forever retained by Governm stumpag tured tim presery ed the fo right nt mn ase of « nt , ent ' and future 11 be wr sold for ’ and by nse } «ft the re planting every tions fro: years to wood and harvested new N whi come timber supply each to state th . we by the fore will see the practically a treeless wood or timber for our people, and devastated after year by 1 oods, Al of timber Is being who bullds a » Increased cost, In tand that some of | 3 ost nportant Industries are crippled by the shortage of timber And yet, In the face of this con ditlon which Is nothing more than a crisis the g the de. struction of one of our greatest re pources as a nation, Congress busies itself with multitude of matters of Infinitely less Importance and refuses to repeal the Timber and Stone Act under which the last remnants of our withe ’ Res OF ! | nous ] | we ty 13 H entenl ‘ omplete ! | miasma that permeates the whole slum district of Packingtown It Is national disgrace and Is bound to pro a national curse, There 18 only one remedy for those ve { The tall fortunate { been stimulate or cement it. Every member of such a community should eultivate a spirit of comradeship and co-operate to advance the general welfare of all merchant, the small tradesman the country editor, the Church, should work together to that end | Home Industry should be encouraged whole pro the In every community tect and town. The home paper should be liberally patronized There Is no one thing capable of more far reaching and en. during Influence for good than the country press. One of the most un- of modern Influences has the trend of commercial evolu. tion that has borne so heavily on the country editor by the development of the metropolitan family monthly and mall order papers, filled with tempt. ation for the raral people to stimulate the centralization of wealth and trade in the cities by supplying their ordin. ry needs from far distant and prae tically unknown sources, This trend toward the centralization of trade and Industry in the great citles walks side by side with the centralization of wealth and population as a menace to our national future, The danger It threatens ean only be obviated by possible should stimulate way. The co-operate to the trade of awakening the people at large to a re-| alization of it. The great thought that others as a controlling above all central and must rise national ideal is the con- vietion that the real bulwarks of the nation are the Homes of its Citizens and that the first thought and highest ambition of every vou man should be to establish a HOME, a self-sus taining Home on the Land, where he ean be independent and enjoy the real happiness of a well spent life and not ake the istnke that brings dissap- pointment and m t many, of setting up the acenmulation of a for. tune as the gon! of his life's ambition! It In which of necessity must wreck meat ‘or that may wry to sn is A re t! R104 ” The q Ore a few ood) 0 enrns —— IN —— AND FLOOD AND DROUTH | lnxury, | dustrious 3 { UIs bly without igent and hI who has sufficient enough i mal edu 4) tical n, and who duty to himself, his family, ! does is pra atio | friends, his country and to humanity, iis the man who really { and succeeds In life who the greatest happiness wind satisfaction out of It To create a human character of the highest type with everything that implies, is the most admirable of all buman schievments and that every man and woman must and can do for themselves “A time like this demands strong mes, Great hearts, true falth and ready basis Men whom the lust of office does mot kill, Men whos the spolls of office cannot buy, gets fe horrible conditions of | children, and that Is to get ing the for the the work. people and thelr children out of slums, and | t! suburbs where they can ha sunshine and fresh air and pure and nourishing food from a home garden, Let us realize once for all that this problem of the children of our work ing people Is our greatest problem and go its he patric and werifie ng national heroism that led the HHomecrofters of Japan to go Into bat. tle with their lives in their hands, like hand grenades, to throw the enemy that sought to their na tional life Let us catch the inspiration of the slogan of the Homecrofters Move ment In this Country, or cen our work until we have “Every child In a garden—Every Mother In a Homecroft—and Individ al Industrial Independence for Every Worker in a Ho OW on the Tand™ The Creed and Homecrofter tells how mny and anyone who wants a "wp in get It without charge by send postal eard addressed 1 Fisher Bullding In Chicago The Great Clitles are serious menace in this Country greatest national danger le n Centralization of wealth and pop tion and trade and hope of the nation Is In the farm and suburban and in the country! and suburban town and village Let us go seriously to work to ere | ate and upbulld them. Let every student who goes out from this splendid Institution go with the spirit of a soldier to fight the great battles of peace for higher national nto © Ve national at solution witl ! same yt selfs rifi out ernsh and nes “we me u ie 03 His 4 Piatform ’ of JY S| ~ to our ge ‘ Industry home | preservation of our national resources, ! better | iImpro ; Ideals, | {for a purer public service, for the Men who possess pinlon and a will Men who have honor, men who will not He o who ean stand before a demagogne damn his treacherous flatteries with out winking: sun<crowned, who live above the An Tall men fog private thinking.’ —— WN BEA FOR THE TO UTIFUL. Missouri Women Begin Campalgn for Cleaner Cities and Villages Cc Herald.) of Missouri lamblia | The elu take have gn for In St organ } Women earneoat the ind large towns ! $e Of INT A nmp — ’ txt net Citi LOWns gations of women 4 Joseph other ive done much to ntiment for ‘1 clean In M virtually dep from work Ing more organization ot i money mer- the . 1 and ’ ntends om bers «¢ ave started a campaign that IR mitated In Th wantehed with Interest and 10 oth At of their president he vant | « the mesting Mrs tie Wns $ is for the pre home f for gardens motion o sentiment n and Heys and general of lawns care cleaner streets and The ements anhiect of 1 | opening paper of the meeting, read | Mrs. J. A. Asher, was this appropriate one: "The Town's Opportunity-—How {Can It Do More Than the City for a Beautiful ‘merican Life?™ One of the plans decided upon was to offer cash prizes to children In the various wards of Trenton for the best show ings under prescribed conditions, In | the great tide of population that has been drifting from the country to the Learn by Doing. “A ttle croft we owned A garden stored with pe And flowers for posies Plucked while the church oft ay of @ the ¢ the F (evudy "The Citizen standing In the docew gathered about his hearthstone, wi 8 is 1 re dearest he shall zave -lenry h at a 8 are exhausted barra | | “The | great slums of the cltiéy are soecinl dynamite, cer lode T safeguard dangers and tenements t tain to exn sooner or later. Lie only against such is to plant the multiplying millions of THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES The Brotherhood of Man | N. Witten, the club discussed plang] This book 1s the first of a Series that will Chronicle the Progress of the HOMECROFT MOVEMENT and inform all who wish to co-operate with it how they may do so through he formation of local Homecroftery' Circles, Clubs or Gllds to promote Town and Village Betterment, stimu late bome civic pride and loyalty to ome institutions, industries and trade, nprove methods and facilities of edu { catlo n the local public schools, and new opportunities “At Hom will go far to check the drift trade and population to the cities [4 § create 1! 0 The first Glld of the Homecrofters i 1 at Watertown. The Gildhall, Shops located at M t. where the Garden worl now fully organized and hundred children are at work Gardens, The departments | Ing In Homeeraft and Village In trie ire being Installed. The Weavers iv at nt the % not designed to bul isolated lnstitution, model which can be duplica town or village in the country Coples of “THE FIRST BOOK OF THE HMOMECROFTERS"” | been establishe Massachusetts, 143 Behe nd Gardens ey n are n “ . LLY in for tra Aus. renily ork are It cont stamps with your name and address of the Tallsman 143, Main St. Watertown, Massachusetts, ! There 1s New Hope for every Worker who wa of hi wn ot Land CREED AND PLATFORM HOMECROFTERS' w h Ww “Peace has her victories no less re. owned than war.” EDUCATION COOPERATION OPPORTUNITY HOMECROFTS We believe that the Patriotic Slogan of the Whole People of tl Nn should be “Every Child in a Garden Every Mother in a Homecroft—and In dividual Industrial Independence fi Every Worker in a Home of his Own on the Land” and t such a Home, the con and chief inspirati of eve ry dete LI | is and Inspirat on Home fey isn wr T « the OF THE fo 4 i ’ ia na ] : lo a. tion 1 : at until he owns centrated purpose to labor in the life er should be his \ore i wage wl we rmination to "jet an nl We believe Tenements population In the © deterlorating al : Rim d of ngely the gested nt Cre (enters “ 1nd "nt public 1, and and hetterment ar “1 nt Ww Organize the nu Tis uld i the whole power ) the ites exerted the of all the conditions of Rural Life, and te and upbulld of Ro and Civie Life In and rban Towns and Villages, where ind Industry in be iy 1 innot er Maelstror vddily Indust: into Vortex of Ld i nation -_ - to ore (Conters inl Sub I'ra nl ‘ hnt Country $ so fin | araw th al sue th on } n 1 1 | ste | of the Hu ty | Gre it Cities We believe that every Citizen In this Country has an lpherent and | Fundamental Right to an Education whiei will train Lim to Earn a Liv. Ing. and, If need be, to get his living | straight from Mother Barth; and that he has the same right to the Opportun BE A HOMECROFTER Give every Man a Chance. THE SLOGAN OF THR HOMECROPTERS 18 “Every Child in a Garden—Every Mother in a Homeeroft, ana Tadi~ vidual, Industrial Independence for Every Worker in a Home of his Ow ap his home THE FIRST BOOK .. HOMECROFTERS HAS JUST BEEN PUBLISHED AND AMONG ITS CONTENTS ARE Charity that is Everlasting The Secret of Nippon's Power Lesson of a Great Calamity ean be obtained by sending twelve two- (carefully and plainly written) to The Homecrofters' Cird Work Together. n on the Land.” orn "a and on Delis r tand thyme. ay ng thelr earliest chimes,” Wordsworth. oontente a we 5 threshe fans his family f n scenes and vening Republic when the drum i 4 is futile and the lands reclnimed, as required by the Natiopal Irrigation Act. SAVE THE PUBLIC LANDS HOMEMAKERS, 6. That not another acre of the pr" lic lands shall ever hereafter be granted to any state or territory for any purpose whatsoever, or to any one other than an actual settler who bas built his bome on the land and lived on It for five years, and that no more land scrip of any kind shall ever be issued, and that the Desert Land Law and the Commutation Clause of Homestead Law shall be made to con form to the recommendations of the Public Lands Commission appointed by President Roosevelt and of the Message of the President to Congress, PLANT FORESTS AND CREATE FOREST PLANTATIONS 7. That shall be He timber permanent FOR the Timber and Stone Law repealed, and that all pub lands shall be included in Fore Heseryve title fl 1 our fast increasing population dividual homes on the land crofis, mall, owned occupant, where every worker and his family can enjoy individual industrial Independence,”- H, Maxwell in in| home however by the | COrge OF ABSORBING INTEREST BY The Sign of a Thought Money, and should pay more heed to | raising up and training Men who will be Law-Ablding Citizens; that the wel fare of our Workers more sequence than the mere accuwulati of Wealth; and that Stability of tional Character and of Social Bu Conditions is of greater portance to the people of a whole than any tion that believe that the such Stability, { Maintain our National to carry into imn operation the Plat! man, which is as f EDUCATION, EMPLOYMENT HOMES ON THE LAND. 1. That children = be ta gardening and bomecraft in the public h that Ho ft necraft SKchools * i is of con n and i LE) i this counts un oLae is now Prosperity effect Talis ate ar ollow CH AND Dai zn ols nd Train be l shall ty municipa w earn 1 till the soll from t! would in life nis own or knowledge, can home an straig every first » - where b n il his liv e ground, and le taught that should be to get on the land, BUILD NHNOMECROFTS AS NATION Al, BAFEGUARDS, at the New Zealand system of axa nd Subdivision, and Advance 1, shall be adopted to the end that land shall be " boy am a home of T™h : ’ na I"urchase » Het 1" M : 00 aa in irs 1 in {ily wll will find omecrofts ands of those who velibood, and labor in the creation of | will be perpetual safeguards the political evils and so resulting from overgrowth cities and the sufferings ployed wage-carners PROTECTION FOR THE AMER- ICAN HOMECROF1I 3. That Rural Settlement shall be neouraged and the principle of Pro tection for the American Wageworker | nd his Home applied directly to the | Home by the Exemption from Taxa-| tion of all improvements upon, and f all personal property, not ex- $2500 In value, used on and ection with, every Homecroft or Rural Homestead of not more than acres In extent, which the owner Cupies as a per: nt home and i tes with his own labor and so les therefrom all or part of the pport for family Ni OF AREA AVAILL- \RGEMENT] ABLE FOR HOMEMAKING al rl the Nat art of a comprehensive jon licy of internal improvements river control and regulation and for the enlargement to the utmost possible extent of the area of the country avallable for agri It and Homes on the Land d the protection of those Homes from ther flood or drouth, shall bulld no only levees and revetments where needed, and drainage works for reclamation of swamp and overflowed lands, but shall also preserve existing forests, reforest denuded areas, plant new forests, and build the great reser voirs and other engineering works necessary to safeguard against over flow and save for beneficial use the till it for a occupation which inst tent of unem- | a al disco he of I. n 80 « weiline UNE 1 Con me a at or Government Pp { 1 n I for try ire © at ¥ i { od ' he a { only for | ided Into small holdings in the | to the land } to 1} fore wed the 1] slurupage be sold, ei for vill " EA Nntio of matured and young timber future cutting | be perpetuated by that the National by the reservation or p isting forest lands, and the of new forests te It \ National Forest which, through 1 sufficient supp can be mally | out the needs of the peopl from .he Forest Plant state. CONTROL AND URE GRAZING LA ented Go KO Government shall, ex plar tin urchase of or B Cred eve Plantation the vears wood An | ] of eae 4 ' alions or NDS W not served law } That all otherwise from un publie shall entry any xcept hall be em ¢ under the of Agri to 1 stock tn in POW ered yy rs graze but such les r per! | a longe agricultural H grazing lands that the right to 1 | irrigation” stnatiJupere | purtenant to the land rigated, so the ownership of the and a) water shall be united, and w as speculative held or “a commodity evet acquired, 1 RIGHT OF APPROPRIATION FOR BENEFICIAL USE 1! o right to ater n in OWL this | | } 1 v So : ii ‘5 i 0a d of the 1 ur A J slate all unused a: are public pr priation r time all shall give out the without that fi being interst %. priority of use of right, through- L f the i I ent . re ne nd : H | ig ti gators therein shall control the bution of the water, ~ ry distri- Ar &in — A Homecerofl Garden. The Hot Movemer in 1 many edjtorially advoe family, t} ought to | of MAXWI MAGAZINE . thie : ‘ oft | strengt and = e ery (der A Iv KEI i } HOMEMA Westhra: I " » ) : in Prat A ows It 1 [Iw 3 w . 1 rut ’ "Ww 4 : wit that JON Y stands for we take ple ( produ News = A little gp if properly eared for, will save the city dweller many a dollar But that i= hy no means the Even If he has than knows what te will =till find rich profit the spade and hoe for ex. rn And t ! pl In mes from follow. ing the primal instincts of 1 It is not alone the plants and fo we long for An inner something impels 1s to put our hands at work in tu2 earth, to bathe our bodies he sunshine and 1 a. AVS 14 den chiefest money th good more he do w» he in wielding we rest y i OwWoers in 1 to open our souls in devotion to things that are not gross, but sweet and pure for a better educational system, and | | above and beyond all for the multipll- | | cation of Homes on the Land where | the growing of flowers and care of | {ty to have the Work to Do which will premises, Seeds for the competitor: | afford him that Mving, and to earn not are to be furnished practically free “'Ylonly a corortable Hyellhood, but flood waters that now run to waste RECLAMATION AND SETTLE unreserved national forest lands are being fed Into the Insatiable maw of To be pitied is ¢ man who does not drink In with delight t e fragrance v the timber speculators for less than one-tenth of thelr actual value, We are told by the men In Congress who make Committees and shape leg: islation that the money cannot he spared to nequire and save from de struction the Calaveras Big Trees In Californian, or to create the White Mountain and Appalachian Forest Re. serves, and preserve thelr forest re sources and save the water power used in the manufacturing industries of New England and the South; and the same men in the same moment re fuse to stop the most shameless waste of 1 nation's resources that ever dis. graced a national lawmakiog body by refusing to repeal the Thuober and Stone Act - Not only this, but in Arizona and New Mexico where the forests are the very life of the country, the joint Statehood BI proposed to give a float. ing grant of several million acres which the land speculators who would { the children can grow to manhood {and womanhood in the uplifting en. vironment of a rural community where the evil Influences of the cities ean be forever kept at bay. In such an environment children ean be reared to citizenship next to Nature from whence they can draw hdalth and vigor both moral and physical for the discharge of all the duties of life, It is not In the cities that this country now needs the service of the flower of its patriotic manhood. It Is In the country where the great national problem of the Improvement of the rural life Is to be solved, where more beautiful towns and villages and bet ter roads are to be built, better schools to be established, telephones and trolley lines constructed, and all the Influences put to work that will socialize the country, and drive away the Isolation and hardships that were formerly its drawbacks, We must not only stop and reverse the club. The mayor was asked to Issue a proclamation for a neral cleaning-up day, asking citizens to de vote a few hours systematically to dis posing of the pccumulated rubbish, What the women are doing In some | Missourl towns the school children have been urged to undertake In others, | At various ward schools of Joplin the {pupils assisted In the cleaning up of {the grounds In readiness fi the lant {ing of shrubs and flowers. At Perry, iin Ralls County, where Professor J F. Osborne has the prettiest publie school campus In the state, the school children helped In the good work, At Joplin Principal 8 A, Baker has been a leader In the observance of Arbor day and the Inculeation of the sent! ment for the civie beauty, A town must first be hulit In t {wilderness and then made beautiful The Missour! wilderness has gone, the towns are here and are pow being made beautifel, | enough more to enable him to be a | Homecrofter and to have a Home of [his Own, with ground around It sufficient to yield him and his family a Living from the Land as the reward for his ow n labor ’ We believe that the Public Domain i the most preclons heritage of the people, and the surest safeguard the nation has against Social Unrest, Dis turbance or Upheaval, and that the Cause of Humanity and the Preserva. tion of Rocial Stability and of our Free Institutions demand that the absorp. tion of the public lands Into specula. tive private ownership, without settle. ment, be forthwith stopped: and that the nation should ereate opportunities for Homeerofters by building trrign. tion and deainage works to reclaim Innd ns fast as it In needed to give every man who wants a Home on the Land a chance to get It, We believe that, as a Nation, we should be less absorbed with Making MENT OF THE ARID LANDS That the National Government shall build the irrigation works neces sary to bring water within reach of settlers on the arid lands, the cost of such works to be repaid to the govern. ment by such settlers In annual In stallments without Interest, and that the construction of the great irrigation works necessary for the utilization of the waters of such large rivers as the Columbia, the Raeramento, the Colo rado, the Rio Grande, and the Missouri, and their tributaribs, shall proceed as rapidly ax the lands reclaimed will be utilized In small farms hy actual settlers and homemakers, who will re. pay the government the cost of con. struction of the Irrigation works, and that the amount needed cach year for construction, as recommended by the Secretary of the Interior, shall be made available by Congress as a loan from the general treasury tn the Re. clamation Fund, and repaid from lof the Jowers after having breathed all day the stench of a eity, and who does not kkarn a lesson from the less, orderly, beneficent nature that are constantly going around him Every city dweller whe has a bit of ground ought to have a garden It may be only five feet squire, but {he ean plant it In green peas, succulent lonlons, radishes or lottaes, and still | find room for a flower or two to throw [ little color and a little fragrance (nto his life There are . any reasons, economical, physical, esthetic and moral, why every man should be his own gar dener, If he can Thousands of dwell. r= In hotels, flats and tenements can't ba. Their existence is as dull and cheerless in the season when all nature is gay as Is that of a bird that Is caged. They may laugh—and so does the eaged bird sing. But it is vot true living, for all that, nose of on Processes :
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers