. Ep Lo TO DOUBLE AMERICA’S COTTON CROP, Startling Results of Patient Experiments by Government Agriculturists, GUY ELLIOTT MITCHELL Ootton Illustrations by Oourtesy Depart nent of Agriculture. With the cotton crop of the United States reaching an annual value of nearly $£600,000,000 it is easy to see that the man who can make it worth four or five cents a pound more to the grower will put a few dollars of spending money into the pockets of the southern planters, This improvement of the crop has been realized, and there is no reason why in ten years from now the whole of the cotton belt should not be grow- ing a longer staple cotton worth on the average of 4% cents a pound more than the present crop. Of course this millenial condition of things will not be altogether realized. That there will be a declded and general advance In the value of the crop as the result of work already done by the Agricul- ORDINARY SELECTED AND COTTON STAPLE. IMPROVED COTTON. tural Department Is certain. But there are always the factors of ignorance, Indifference and prejuuice to be reckoned with, and that will hold down the grand total of the advance, This Is human nature. Otherwise every one would be raising thorough bred stock, cats and chickens, which cost no more to feed and rear than scrubs, but evervone does not breed thoroughbreds, whether they be dogs or cows, and so it Is a certainty that when the average Is vastly Improved better seed there will + of the cotton crop the of " large use | types on | be cultivated commercially, | slightly { and | cality, { improvement over the local type num- | more like the old upland cotton than it is like Egyptian or Sea Island. SEEDS OF NEW TYPES. The parent types from which it has been evolved are listed and carded in the department's collection, and each year as the fresh crops come in from the Improved fields their output is carded for comparison. These new types have now reached a point where the department feels justified in send- Ing out the new seed to the farmers. And if the farmers will take a little trouble and spend preotically no money at all, they will be ab.e to keep up the Improved strains so that in a few years the American cotton crop will have been doubled in value with- out necessarily expanding by a single acre, It has been tedious work, and has been carried on systematically. “Score cards” such as are used in Judging at stock shows are kept. The records of the individual plants are known, the shape and opening quali ties of the boll, the date of maturing, the length and firmness of the cotton fiber and the degree to which parent plant may be depended upon to transmit its desirable qualities to its progeny. The work has been done in the open field and not in the care- fully tended plots of the experiment stations Thousands of plants have destroyed each year, and best types kept. These been weeded out the following and only the best of the breed have been kept. The farmers who have been co-operating with the de- partment in the work have been as a rule careful, enthusiastic and pains. taking under the direction of the perts sent the field by the depart- ment, and slowly but surely the length of the quali ties In the creased, till the department now feels it has n new and fixed type that can be de pended on to perpetuate its desirable qualities. One thing observed been the again Year, into » and other desirable new cotton have hr vty that is to keep the ground has been carefully growing the new where they will There adapted to different conditions of soil climate. It has been found in the case of wheat, for example, a strain may be improved In one nd that by ing It new surroundings it shows little, «if any This been avoided with the new are several new strains ye ov error has and if the planters will co-operate with the department to even a reasonable degree the value of the whole cotton crop in the United States can be vastly enhanced without planting a single additional acre, and there will still be enough land available in the cotton belt to assure the United States of its supremacy in the cotton world for many years to come. Cream Separator on the Farm, It has been ouly a few years since the manufacturers of separators brought out hand machines with the definite purposes of making them pop- alar and selling them in large num- bers, says the Farmer's Wife In a well considered editorial. From that time to this they have gained friends, and now it is rare to hear anyone say anything against them, and when this does happen one may be sure it comes from some person who has been In. Jured by their use, and this is never the man who provides, The hand separator has so many advantages over the creamery sepa- rator that the whole creamery busi- ness Is being revolutionized and re- UNITED STATES RECLAMATION. Plowing by Co-Operative Traction Engines, By C, J. Blanchard, A million acreq will be added to the cultivatable area of the country during the next three years, under the various government irrigation projects, Most of this acreage is raw land upon which the plow has never turned a furrow, Thousands of new settlers will be lo- cated there and for several years the principal work will be clearing, level- ing, and plowing, to prepare the lauu to receive the water, Over vast Is the only vegetation. In other places the bunch grass makes a tough sod, unyieldimg and hard to break. The subjugation to agriculture of this new empire has attracted the attention of the manufacturers of implements and machinery, They see in this work a virgin fleld for the products of their factories. As most of the settlers go- ing upon this land are not in af- fluent circumstances, and as feed for proposition which will eliminate the necessity for the purchase of horges, plows and forage will naturally prove interesting, It has occurred to the writer that in > VN pm ’ the | only | | have | | enumerate | {tem | there (dairy {week during the colder monthe. that | ia day is the product ex | > DISK PLOW DRAWN modeled because of these h machines It is hard to find a place to begin to | their advantages In the | of traveling to the creamery Is A great saving Where the owner has of these ma- chines, he need not go to the cream- ery more than three times a week In the warm weather and twice In a ind} e | one When cream only instead of the whole milk Is delivered to the cream ery, the item of hauling is reduced to its lowest limits 1% of milk of a given dairy, Where a band separator Is used, baul- Say ten ear IP rs Pr — ———— stretches the sage brush | stock will be scarce and costly, any | ION ENGINE, every one of these projects excellent opportunity powerful traction engines ¥ gang plow tid be panied b These en managed by a they gir ( Eilles ( number of settlers could be operated by one man who would contract the work, Up In the No Territories a Michigan man is preparing to intro- | duce this method of plowing | and cultivating. He is building a plow | which will turn nine furrows, each | fourteen inches wide, and with a trae- | tion engine which he ned | will plow 33 acres per das has | already acres at | $3 per acre for plowing expects | or | to do | thwes custom has desi; He contracted for 2.700 and men than he in the service, but he stuck to them through thick and thin and they appreciate it.” The fre- quency with which men state this as a reason for success Is significant, It shows that the wan of the hour is the faithful man, the man who makes his employers’ interests his own and whose loyalty never wavers. Assoclated wore or less with all these requisites and overshadowing them all Is hard work, “For this,” said President James J. Hill of the Great Northern Railroad Company, “there is uo substitute.” You may be lacking in ability, In personality or some other way and still succeed; but if you have not the capacity for hard work you are doomed to failure. Study the lives of great men and you will gee In ninety-nine cases out of n hundred, their achievements are due to the possession of this capacity William E. Corey, the president of the United States Steel Corporation, attributes his first success to “not be- ing afrald to do £2 worth of work for $1.” When a laborer he wheeled so much moré iron than the other work- men that he was soon made foreman over them. The words “hard work’ come nearer to holding the key to SUC cess than volumes of advice THE POSITION YOU WANT may be among the Thousands of pood opportu. ilies constantly listed in our twelve offices, // Costs you molhing wo {ind out Simply wr ta us to-day stating age, experience and Po Ary Gesired andwe will tell you /rankly and u irhout charge if any of the 2¢ ployers we serve would 00 IOV err be interested ir A Man of Your Qualifications A copy of cur Monthly Put compiete descriptions of Over 1,000 High Grade Positions Executive, Clerical and 7 ication containing $1.000 to $5,000 a year is yours for the asking If you have al Neec Our assistance and we need you. to-Cay. Hapgoods THE NATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF BRAIN BROKERS Suite 143, 305-309 Broadway, N. ¥. City ty, you write us Fat People RICEMIVE PAT OR ORPSITY If A PANG ER. OUR, PROGRESSIVE DISEASE THAT HASTENS DEATH. 0 ALL SUFFERERS FROM T00 MUCH PAY | ATRIAL TREATMENT WILL HE SENT AS A FREE GIFT BY SIMPLY ASKING FOR IT. | nlors earn from 83 to M per day | mand Plumbing School, 161 'W, 2h #1 | ness of great profit | var {and ask for white"or black. Felix Prince St, New York, | (on the G MALE HELP WANTED. BOOKKEEPER ; Man thoroughly experienced in double entry bookkeeping, who is com pewnt Ww eke charge of office. bass) , Yrite us Lode). HAFUOODY, buite 163, W Broadway, MN. ¥. AGENTS, OUK NEW GOLD W ludow blgn Let ters beat an on warket, Fotis, 0 SAW daily, - ree, A tor Halimgy rookiyn, Multec pumition preferred, Ansociablion, Moo @. 2 Motros Btrest | MN. Xx. WANTED : Amateur photographs art and advertising subjects sil pris sand price with postage for return If not soos ol, Ww The Geo RB Lawrence Company, 714 Wabasti Ave. ( Licago, sutalde for same day received, BL, Chicago, 11) SBALESMEN TO SELL the Iargest ine of souventy post cards In the country, Also large Hoe of adver. tislog fans, Excellent side line, Good Commission and Prom settlement. Alfred Holzman, Pub. lisher, 40 Dearborn St, Chicago, 11 MEN & BOYS WANTED to learn the Plumbing Trade. Complete the course in 2or 3 months, Ju. With € month’ you can Join the Union and de. to #5 per day, Catalogue sent free. Union Kew York, WE WANT MEN in every Bate to carry on bust. Attractive proposition Lo per manent men, State Maps sell themaeives, Strictly mmission basis. Se arborough Co., Box LE, os ase, or Indianapoiis, led, LADIES’ APPAREL. RHTRT WATRT HOLDER EXTRAORDINARY = keeps walst down all around pine or houks Wo with waist measurement over corset orset Co. 1B) ex perience outside, send Zn REAL ESTATE. B————————— fruit and farm land in Alabama) for 80 tx of $30 each (in. Sper acre 8 year. Newark. Kiet, Irvington Land Lik A PROPERTY hat have 2 ACRE TRACTS CHOICEST i RT Jf Const ne Lapds in for sale? 22 Chaler 64) HiT Wi CALIFORNT BUSINESS EQUIPMENT. HTYPEW]) TH} 1 & Jewett H. A New York MISCELLANEOUS. ber of plant old method ni i they find it } make SEVERAL NEW STRAINS It is a fact, however, that the De- partment of Agriculture has, by several years of persistent work, bred from the | old varieties of cotton r in the | south several new strains of cotton that, | ' " ° ! ION n while having all the desirable qualities : - Al of the old types, pre staple that 7 . a ¢ How to 1 . A a half longer. It Is just one ow to hold a positior ag nd a al industry of plant little by refi a ee 4 It interest In ¢ bu WE H} he son yu 2 it. as shown b e sticking to the r hecause a living. to close arrangements for a much larger area Ee —— . nhers sit derstand HOW To HOLD A POSITION. = Be 3 Magrath. Bon Be : Newton Art Co. ME Brandwar, New Polk thy 1c. CATSEILL ren! Bristle Courtesy: Promptness, Loyalty and | ; . ; Hard Work Are Keys to Success in i Business, MT. POST CARDS ews 3 cents If ye ised the Haus 12 r i I. Vent ’ 1 reduce your weight ® te 5 pounds a week, A t fros J Hapgoods | bahay Een ng gr nor sick | wa i ' BANE Pills that ruin the stom | am a regular, prac Do just a Uctng phrsician and 3 specialist in the soroensiyl re f 2 ood sses ting dr wluce a w almost wors hat feeling of fullness & " : no and enables 3 the cotton itself combed out In fleecy whiteness on a black card, Is a strikh object lesson In the possibilities plant breeding The Department work for of its experi sands of = thousands of individu ) Ing the selections that are 1 gidered good enough to be sent out new fixed types. The story o improvement Is a long one gpersed with many disappoint: But the result now Is success beyond contradiction. Northerners, who live outside the cotton belt, do not realize just what a long staple cotton grown on the uplands means. Cotton Is our principal export crop. It is the second most valuable crop grown In the United States, corn coming first, It is the principal crop of ten states, and in large areas of these states it (a almost the only crop grown. The United States furnishes five-sixths of the cotton crop of the whole world, and while there are great areas, espe cially in Africa, that are adaptable to cotton, there Is no prospect that the United States will be overtaken as a producer for many years to cope The world’s consumption of cotton and the consequent demand are Increasing steadily, so that there is little prospect of over-production. All these things are in our faver. Then comes the question of Improving this great crop Outsiders do not realize that an eighth of an loch on the 'ength of the nents Mr les | peop] | knows | results, A COTTON PLANT IMPROVED BY SELECTION. cotton, and the department not only the seed that will give best but the condition of soil and climate that are hest suited to the re quirements of each strain IF FARMERS WILL HELP, The farmers at large can help great. ly In keeping up the work that has been given a practical start by the de partment, There are simple methods of seed selection that will insure a steady Improvement in each successive crop, and that will prevent the crops from deteriorating. The selection of seed takes a little care and Intelll- gence, but it is not deeply abstruse work, and the department has reduced it to simple directions that are easy for any planter to foll,w, The “cotton belt.” =o called, In the United States is clearly defined LOADING COTTON AT BAVANNANI fiber In a cotton boll means a cent a pound additional on the value of the crop. Now by eareful breeding and selection the Department of Agricul ture has produced cotton that runs from three-quarters of an Inch to an Inch and a quarter loreer than the parent plants from which it was pro. duced. ‘This Is not a freak growth, either. It is an Improvement that has developed Into a fixed type, and is no / 4 ton Is planted over the whole of it so that there is no large addition of range to the plant likely, It is true that the acreage within the belt could possibly be doubled, but that Is not the thing the department Is after, Good cotton land now yields 400 to 800 pounds to the nere, What the department would like is to see this yield doubled in value and In quantity, The founda. tion forthis increase lsnow firmly laid, Cot- | { Injustice of 1 Bee Yi | this ‘¢ mean constant Ine ! deve lop | In busines«." and this, ' ‘ing Is reduced from taking the ten | cans to the creamery every day to taking two cans of cream every other day, or three cans twice a week, The hand separator allows the dairymuan to feed the skim milk to calves or pigs within a few minutes of the time It is drawn from the udder and before the natural animal beat leaves It. This saves warming the milk and allows its use when it is per fectly sweet and fresh, The hand separator saves hauling skim milk from the creamery to the farm, and it also saves the dalryman from the risk of getting milk from dis eased cows to feed to his young stock, | This is not a great risk, to be sure, [but It Is worth considering. Tuber culous cows are frequently found In this country, and probably there 1» hardly a creamery among the patrons of which no cows suffering from this disease cduld be found, If the dairyman Is sure of his own cows, the band separator saves him from the risk of getting tuberculous milk from the mixture in the milk vat at the creamery, from which he gets his skim milk when he delivers the whole m'lk, The saving in work Is a large ten, Instead of ten cans to care for ana keep clean and free from germs, there are only two. This saves labor and the Investment of money In utensils At the low price at which hand sepa- rators are sold, one will pay for itself time and again before it wears out on the various items of economy men tioned above, There Is another item, The hand sonarator fs rapidly bringing about the centralization of the creamery In dustry, - Cream gathered from hand separators is now transported as fa ns 200 miles to the central creamery, and here It 1s made, into butter m much less cost than would be possible In the local creamery with a limited field In which to operate. This allows the creamery to pay a better price for butter fat and gives the deiryman more money from his cows, The man who keeps as fow as five cows will find it to his advantage to buy a hand separator, especially If he makes butter on the farm, for In such A cane the saving In work Is much | able” greater than where a the cream. creamery takes | mean somethis wroader a bett than reasing steadily surely advancing to rger and greater ¥pons bilit My subject Is tl | Your «1 and re ""NCCOss cess of | taught and unteach- | however, certain valuable hints to be gained by study. ing the careers of men who have sue Although the paths by which these men have won success are wide | ly different, there are certain features which stand out prominently in all of them. These 1 believe to be the es- | sentials for business success ness, courtesy, lovalty, hard work Promptness is the key note in this age of hustle. Opportunity waits for nobody, and the man who Is always a little behind time is playing a losing game, “Always there with the goods” is one of the highest tributes that can be pald a modern business man. | “Having the goods” Is the first con- sideration, but this will avail little if you are not always there with them when wanted, In this connection a good story Is | told of Philip D. Armour and a young man who had just begun work for him. When on the first morning the young man reached the office at 9 o'clock, he found his employer al ready there at work. The next morn. Ing at 8:30 and the following morning at 8 o'clock It was the same, At last, determined for once to be there first, the new clerk was there at 7 o'clock, When he walked into the office Mr, Armour looked up from his desk and grimly inquired: “Young man, where do you spend your forenoons ¥ Business hours are not usually as long as Mr. Armour made them, but whatever they are they are rigidly ob. served, Five or ten misutes in the morning, trivial as it may be itself, is a pretty sure indication of the degree of promptness you will show In more Important matters, “I know of no Investment more cer tain to pay large dividends than courtesy,” sald a successful business man the other day, and he spoke the truth. In the nerveracking, endless rush of affairs, there Is nothing which leaves a stronger impression than a pleasant word or a Kind act, especially if It be something most men over look. Business courtesy ls largely a matter of habit and Is one of the habits we ean afford to cultivate, In the army and navy loyalty is an essentinl for success and It Is no less #0 In the business world, Enthusiasm and loyalty go hand in band; a man cannot be really Interested in his work unless he has an employer to whom he Is loyal. “There are many brighter en really like =u kind, Is “wm any Chere are, coded 5 C. BRAN ORD, prompt | ‘ terested: conbdentia wo 20 Last 224 50, Dept. 453, Now York Gets, ria nts wham pr Lab ished JUST PUBLISHED A POPUL AR | ITION OF THE COMING PEOPLE’ BY CHARLES F. DOLE Author of ' The Amerxan Citizen " “The Religion of a Gentleman" "The Spint of Democracy,” etc been evervwhere welcomed as a most valuable con- T= remarkably interesting and stimulating book has tribution to the thought of the present day THERE IS IN IT THE INSPIRATION OF HICH AND PATRIOTIC IDEALS It sheds a new light, bright, clear and convincing, in its common-sense optimism, upon the conditions that confront the nation to-day, Everyone who reads it will go forward with a clearer vision of the future of our country and with renewed courage and faith in THE CAUSE OF THE PEOPLE Theodore C. Williams, late Master of the Hackley School, New York, in a San Francisco paper, declares that “it gives the profoundest thought with a transparent simplicity and charm that make it universally readable. friend, It speaks as a friend to a It has the rare éloquence of perfect ease and clearness.” The London Spectator calls it “a healthy and virile essay.” The Bradford (England) Observer, speaking of its reality and reasonableness, says it i$ “ a very revelation.” These are only a few from hundreds of ecomiums com. mending the book for its timeliness. It should be read by all who feel the pressure of THE TREMENDOUS SOCIAL QUESTIONS OF OUR TIME. Price twenty-five cents (postage included). Remit by postal money order, express money order or postage stamps, to Publishers of “THE COMING PEOPLE” wir. mcs
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