FOOD ADULTERATIONS—WATERFOWLS, In these days of se much talk about pire foods, and with the protective segislation by Congress on the subject, the bulletin of the Bureau of Chem- istry, Department of Agriculture, on “Some Forms of Food Adulterations and Simple Methods for Their Detec- tion” is very timely, Since the mile of the last century the subject of food adulteration has attracted a constantly increasing amount of attention. In this country, however, very little was done in this | line until about 1880. In 1881 the Division of Chemistry began the study of food adulteration, and since then has given a great deal of time to the subject. Since 1898 the origin and place of manufacture of the foods studied by the Bureau have been care- fully noted and special attention also given to imported foods. In 1883 the first practicable food- inspection law in the United States was A WINNING PAIR OF BRO FIRST PRIZE TOULOUSE GOOSE GROUP OF BROWN CHINESE GEESE at St. Louls Exposition. enacted in Massachusetts, Since that) time other States have enacted and enforced food laws, until at the pres- ent time twenty-five States are seri- ously attempting to regulate the char- acter and quality of the foods sold in| their markets. In three additional States laws relating to the purity of dairy products are enforced, and in several others a beginning has been | made, | Food Regulation Abroad. | Food legislation has much | attention abroad and more ad-| vanced foreign countries have effective food laws and enforce them rigidly. tae subject of the purity of food more widely stu ti rece} th ie ved i ] ! } i ! 3 8 is] udied in the United | States now than at any previous time. | The people as a are better in-| formed on the subject than ever before, and t is a stantly ‘ . demand definit response a ry large inquiries regarding the n letin of the Bureau of e e le whole ere {0 of of ( nistry been prepared as a popular stater regar i nature and extent food adulteration, and in img tests ousekeej or re tail dealer may ine somes the more prevalent ms of adultera- | tion pra 1 The subject | is often is tunate waich tionalism COUrs« t0 OD checked must sooner unfavorably, It {a t speak of some of our typical poisoned, and of the manufa poisoners. Such characterizations are frequently exaggerations to of untruth, Deleterious substances are in many cazes added to foods. At the same time the word “polson” has a very strong and distinct significance and should not be applied to any one of the substances ordinarily added to foods, except in the sense that they are harmful. The word “polsoner” signi files a person who intentionally and de- ltherately administers an article in- tended to result fatally, or at least very disastrously to health, The Juggling of Words. During recent years there has been & tendency to confuse the minds of many by an incorrect use of certain words frequently used in the discussion of foods, It Is the policy of some man- ufacturers to limit the word “adulter- ated” to foods to which have been added substances of lower value than the foods themselves with the inten: tion of increasing the weight or vol- ume. This limitation Is certainly not Justified by the English language nor by the facts, and such a restriction of the term is entirely unwarranted, The word “adulterated” properly describes a food to which any noncondimental foreign substance, not properly con- stituting a portion of the food, has been added. The fact that the added substance may be at times of a greater commercial value than the food itself has no bearing on the question, (Con- versely, the word “pure” Is properly applicable to foods that are unmixed with any foreign substance. It may be wholesome or unwholesome, but this property Is not Indicated by the word “pure” or “adulterated.” This definition Is not, of course, complete, The claim is meade by some manu- in 1e vy leterm tice demand n the for informatio very gen when 1, there toward Ww eral case deer 184 nd enas q t n ¥ H Such an he leplor | later react unusual foods as n n to turers as the poin erly called an adulterant, however, but stance and is neither a food nor a con- GUY ELLIOTT MITCHELL, facturers that the addition of a pre- servative to food does not properly congtitute adulteration because the pre- servatives added are of greater com- mercial value than the foods them- selves, Such a claim, however, seems to be not! ing but a play upon words, For instance, benzoate of soda has a greater commercial value, weight for weight, than tomatoes, and the claim has been made that for that reason its addition to tomatoes actually in- creases the expense of the preparation of tomato catsup. As a matter of fact, however, it permits the tomato pulp to be prepared in large quantities and preserved in barrels in a much less ex- pensive way than can be done without its use, It is evident, therefore, that even though the preservative employed is more expensive than the substance to which it is added, the addition is really made for the purpose of cheap-| | China species. Water«Fowl in New England. Broiler ducks are grown by the thou- sands in several localities of Pennsyl- vania, New Jersey and Long Island, as well as elsewhere, the greatest num- ber, however, coming from the first named gections, One farm alone dur. ing the year just passed marketed 37, 000 broiler ducks from its plant. But New England is the home or breeding grounds of the best quality of market geese sold in this country. The most careful, the most determined and the most successful breeders and handlers of high quality market geese are scat. tered from Rhode Island to the end of Massachusetts, The old-time common or gray goose has been largely displaced by the state. ly Embden, Toulouse, African and The Embden and the Toulouse are the result of a union of ening the product. It is not for this the efforts of the French and the Eng- lish. The African, the Hong Kong and the China geese came, perhaps, from the Asiatic countries, Recently, at the Boston Poultry Show, was exhibited the finest lot of geese that have been shown in this country for all time. One pair of Embden (pure white geese) reached the enormous welght of 58 pounds and the Toulouse (gray market geese) almost equaled them in gize. Next to these in quality is the African, so much valued | for the rearing of what are known as | the mongrel geese The white Embden, sald to have <Not mex al WN CHINESE GEESE . Fort Wayne, Ind., Dee, 1065. reason that such a substance is prop- because it is an added foreign sub- diment. These definitions cannot be emphasized too strongly. Adulterated foods are not necessarily unwholesome foods. The bulletin published by the De- partment gives in detail the various kinds of adulterants and additions to ~ aan | PRY : WHITE EMBDEN GEESE. the ordinary beverages and foods used [try, into New England, where large in ordinary consumption, and also simple means of detecting the presence of the foreigh matter contained in them. The pamphlet should occupy a prominent place in every household library, and can be obtained upon ap- plication to the Division of Publica. tions, Department of Agriculture, — Feeds Fowls Automatically. A farmer In Oregon, who owns a small poultry farm, has devised a novel method of feeding h's chickens during his absence. In each yard he has erected troughs to hold food for the hens, and these are connected by wire with an alarm clock In the farmhouse When the owner leaves home in the morning he sets the alarm clock at the hour of feeding the chickens. and by an Ingenious arrangement, when the time arrives, the alarm goes off, the connecting wire releases the troughs, and the food Is spread before the hungry fowls, — The area of the new state of Okla originated from the visit of a swan to | ome of the commoner flock of a town | of thesame name on the Continent, have | been carefully bred and selected until] they are very large, handsome white | which to be valued first as a true-bred variety for the producing | of feathers and market poultry. The Toulouse that came from France are fully their equal in every way, except that the feathers gray or mixed with gray instead of pure white, What is known as wild or Can- | ada goose, mated with an African, pro- | duces the mongrel goose so highly | valued In Eastern markets from Thanksgiving through Christmas times When the Canada gander and the Afri can goose become properly mated they will be constant one to the other to the end of their existence, growing each year one or two broods of mongrel geese that are ready for market during Thanksgiving and Christmas times and dress to a weight at this age heavier than either of the parent pair. The quality of the meat is excellent, the | price obtained ranging from $2.75 to $4 each, according to the season and the quality and finish of the individual specimens themselves geese, seem | | are the the Bunion Comfort Guara No Pay if we Fail FREE TRIAL FOR TEN DAYS To every thousand population in this country there are just 2 dozen people troubled with bunions. The torture they suffer is unnecessary, for there is a device that is absolutely guaranteed to remove the pain the moment it is applied. This device is you desire to keep the to us 50 cents for the the sore spot. It is worn over t ISCHE Craair0 of the Shoe. A lage sary to wear for comfort. use of the protector, antee that the protector wi its natural position, will pr or pressure from the bunio FISCHER", MFG. CO." ing eomfort. “It is self adj lace and requires no buck fe to do is to put it on shoe dealer or druggist car Protector for you. If his show him this advertisemer direct. If he wil you, write us telli ng us the . \ \ available to try for the mere asking. We can afford to make this offer because we did it successfully last year in 122,000 cases and we lost less than 1 per cent of all the BP goods we shipped \ through our mail-order 0 department. 84 per cent of all bunion suf- ferers are troubled on both feet. If no dealer in your city has our goods in stock, we send, Free on ten days Trial one Fischer Bunion Protector and you take abso . lutely no risk. You need not MILWAUKEE \, © cyen send postage. We assume WS Stor a1. & every expense. If at the end Gentlemen: Send me one "> Of the trial period you are Fischer Buailon Protector for 4, not relieved you return ied or right \ the protector to us. Agree 10 try for ten days. If satis ior vam, 11 vot 1 agiee 16 retura she 1 hat ends the trans- protector to you, action. But if F111 1a ois Coupon sux and we will send the prote of your dealer today or wri Ly ng w Ur Dame once If you do not care Ww around the bunion and will not obtain give the protector a trial and the size sddrewm cic send Coupon write us 2 nteed protector you will remit one you have and 50 cents for one for the other foot if you need it, if you are one of the 84 per cent. The Fischer self-adjusting Bunion Protec tor is a neat soft leather device, so pliable that it conforms to the shape of the foot from the instant it is applied and yet so firm that it prevents pressure upon he stocking, fills out the hollow places in the foot and acts as a bridging. In this way the shoe is absolutely prevented from coming in contact with the sore spot. The swelling is removed, it strengthens the shank, gives the foot a natural form and Retains the Perfect Shape and Correct Lines r shoe in not required than is neces- An absolutely proper fit can be obtained by the Remember we al absolutely guar. 1 hold the large toe joint in event all friction, irritation n, will form a firm wall all give instant relief and last. 1 its All you Any the Fischer Bunion job not handle it, it and tell him to write to us the protector on trial for foot on which you wish to thoe you wear ctor immediately, Inquire ie to us, g iting, will alway ung or straj ping. and forget it's } 4 there, 1 C and we wi ing send the 3 letter contais ¢ same inlormation PERFEC URE MADE T give the protest beauty secret on . very veiop ae earth # ni : Ge ot moved. Do tot " ' «skin free fromm wrinkise, snd 1. nature! Grostzuent ry way lek in Oe way of pe we Wy Lowstient as . makes § ne . - bent f . ad Low dutely gunraptes sets i information how Wo Sev 1 New York City TLY DEVELOPED WOMEN BEAUTIFUL WOMEN! YOUR FORM AND FIG- PERFECT. res Wo all wome —— 8. Iw showy Stair a .» wt that swe “oa EAL LJ nies rh of age freshness of youth ook. ne —— Hest ore n ’ ' fin J ang swage follow Le use of sort form of fgur ceases by the middle of January, Fol. lowing this, comes the sale of the capons and the virgin cockerels, 80 highly prized in New England The scientific part of the handling of geese is growing them to a condition Selling Chicks a Day Old, The hatching of chicks in and then selling them direct to poultry ig developing all over the country quantities breeders and fanciers is a business that “Gan Save a Loto Maney] Can increase Your Comioris! \ 1]! Can Incresse Your Profits] If you are interested in (hose tinge we'd lke W send Jou our Dew Look about These with the Embden, the Tou- louse and the China geese furnish the high-priced geese for the winter mar- kets. No one of these of the better qualities is ever sold for less than 28 to 30 cents per pound, and there is a ready sale for all of them offered at these | prices. In addition to these, thousands of geese are gathered from as far north as Nova Scotia, down through all the States of the Western part of the coun. FAIR OF GRAY AFRICAN GEESE, where the feathers are just right to be plucked from the carcass without hav. ing the bad appearance that of neces- sity must be present if there is a large amount of down or short feathers showing. Geese, to be properly mare largely doing away with the bother of sitting hens and the detail and atten. tion entailed by operating an incu- bator. The plan Is simplicity itself. Experienced incubator operators put in substantial hatching plants solely for the production and immediate disposi. tion of chicks direct to poultry people, both amateur and professional. For the most part the new method possesses some range in its application. It has | been found that day-old chicks will | bear shipment to a considerable tance, and that a car ride of from ten | to fifteen and twenty } t con- | gldered extra hazard day-old chicks are a between and t depending bres but usually dozen There are several this cquntry which clusive business and capacity of from 1.000 a time All report a for their living product tive prices | ELECTRIC *™6kuu ELECTRIC "*3%,es More than a million and & guerter of them are the bub If they work loose, your mobey back, Don't buy wheels nor wagon until you resd our book. It may save Fou many dollars and it's Drees. ELECTRIC WHEEL ©0,, 263 dis- | our +1 Pri of barter | x . iE matter seller r n ranging $1.50 uve { t 1s and aug establishments make on x to OF this an E hats - a a to select a good furnace. No. & 5.0 ter Steel Purnace costs #09, freight Other sizes, Write, Hess Warm'yg 's Oo... 784 Tecoma Bidg., Chaonge. TO THE LAME There are only two Bx. te OTR e patented both, Others Initate r 15 yl we make it corree ry st | 3 l ’ ——— The Biggest Spider. Madagascar is the home of keted at their best, should be plucked at the right time, then fed and cared | for 80 as to be ready for killing just as the new growth of plumage is full and | complete and ready to be stripped clean and clear from the body at killing time. This is the scientific part, next to the experience in the handling” feed. {ing and caring for, which bring such arge numbers to the finest finish and most desirable condition for selling in the market It is a sight one would never forget to see eight or ten thousand of these geese confined in lots or runways being fed and cared for *by attendants to bring them to that perfection of mar- ket poultry not usually seen outside of New England and New York City | T. F. McGrew, ¢ —————— | Why Land is a Good Investment. The statistician of the Department of | Agriculture of the United States esti mates that in 1931 the population of this country will be 130,000,000, and the census bureau agrees that this is a con. servative estimate, To supply the re- quirements of this number of people will necessitate the production of 700. fattening yards are conducted. These $e Win "Clothe nor's Latest vou COMOONSOICS LATEST »oar ready made +h slippers or thowt Inc Ing eeno "le will | Bpider, the the | gpecies, and tarantula. Th | weighs nearly a pound, and {eight legs is about as ng as an ordinary lead pencil, nf biggest much eo iy . Arge ’ ’ 0 Ox the w n back, > wet ankie and | tovday and we one free ive sLOrtage E. L. O'Connor Mfg. Co., 1271 B'way, N. ¥. Don't Die That Way Millions Die Every Year from Mere Ignorance of Nature's Laws of Health Ask yourself the gnestion: “Is Life Worth Living?” And the answer will be t depends on your health.” Then why not have good health? If you are sick it is because some simple, natural law of health lias been violated, Nature is a Stern and Inexorable Judge, and Grants No Pardons When Her Laws are Broken Better Learn Those Laws, You can't learn them too soon. You can't learn them all at once. Begin right now, and ; Learn a little every month, Send a dime or five twocent stamps to 1405 Fisher Building, Chicagn, for one whole t's subscription for Maxwell's Homemaker Magazine, and read thy Department ** Health 0 OL way yards are large plants with lots, some- thing like the stock yards of the large cities, only smaller in size. The geese are placed in the enclosures and fed for heavyweight and fine finish to be dressed for market. As many as 10.- 000 geese are gathered at one or two points In Massachusetts, and fed In this way for the winter markets. It takes several weeks to properly finish them and new supplies are constantly coming In to replace those that are sold off. The profitable demand for geese of this kind extends over a period | mensely increased quantity of food and 000,000 bushels of wheat, 1,2560,000000 bushels of oats, 345,000,000 bushels of corn, 100,000,000 tons of hay; and cot- ton, tobacco and fruits and vegetables in proportion. To produce this im. kindred products will necessitate the bringing under cultivation of an addi. tional 150,000,000 acres of land, and it is estimated that we have only 108. 000,000 acres available for cultivation, Of course these estimates do not take into account the efforts of Secretary Wilson, of the Department of Agricul. of from nine to twelve weeks, begin- | ture, whereby every acre will pvents ning just before Thanksgiving and end. | ually produce double its present crop. ing In January, vevertheless these statistics present No attempt has yet been made In| matters for serious reflection, and this country for the excessive fattening | should bring it home to every thought of geese, such as Is carried on im Ger | ful man that good agricultural land to- many, those so fattened with us being day offers the best and safest invest. only prepared to a finish for roasting | ment on earth and that there can be no nor has fattening or feeding for the better object in life than a determina- excessive size of the livers ever gained [tion on the part of every citizen to any consideration here, The major acquire at least enough of Mother per cent. of all the geese brought into | Barth to ensure him a living for hime nthe Home Health from Natare, Rew every month yesr In and ye Aealth, and save Doctors’ Bills and Drag B i henith after you otherwise hether you are buried or cremated doosn counts in “Good Health Serthe and all, into the street If he from Maxwell's Homemaker Macazine it by Night Thought and Right Living.” would have ae yor fanhiul bodyguard to kick oid “Grim Death ™ calls abead of ve, Get your “ pointers on training * ar out-and Jearn all about Nature's Laws of tiie, and you will enjoy many years of Life and been dead and ried or maybe cremated, po neh matter. It's the dying part that | d Cut ont this subweriprion blank, write Name NOTE If you do not wish tos cut the conpon ont of your paper, Jou oan send In your subscription on & separate piece of paper, ONE YEAR FOR 10 CENTS Subscription Price to Chicago and Foreign Addresses, 250. Per Year 10 conta (sliver or stamps) and we will mall you Maxwell's Homemaker Magazine month for twelve months, Don't delay, but send at once name and address on lines below, and send ue overy Box or Street Nov Postoffice Buciosed find subscriber for. send 50 cents and have five ZINE, for the money, ever published, the markets for general consumption [self and his family through his own bowma will be over 70,000 square miles. are sold and the demand for them |individual efforts, Slece of paper for name and yours' su You can sabseribe for one, two, three or five years at 10 cents for each vars good reading coming 10 you, This is the Address In full Subscription Dept. 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