Almost a Famine. — Improved Methods off From time to time the United States Department of Commerce and Labor has received reports from its various consuls in Germany giving accounts of a meat famine in the Faderland. The scarcity ‘of cattle in Germany is probably due primarily to the strict laws of that country forbidding impor- tation of live stock from countries in which certain animal diseases are known to exist. The elaborate and complicated system of inspections and prohibitions imposed upon the impor tation of meats and domestic animals by the mew meat inspection law of Germany, which went into effect a few months ago, had the effect of increas- ing the prices of pork, beef, veal and mutton by diminishing the available supply. On account of a few cases of Texas fever which existed among the cattle coming from the southern and Western part of the United States, live stock from this country are excluded: similarly because cases of foot and mouth disease were known to exist in Russia, Denmark and Sweden, cattle from those countries are likewise de- nied admission. Soon after the new inspection law was put into effect the imports of live ey" § POY ZA MEATS IN GERMANY. Slaughtering. GUY ELLIOTT MITCHELL. ways i8 very complete, Ample clean. ing facilities are constantly employed and these in conjunction with power. ful ventilating fans keep the estab lishment clean and odorless, Every animal that enters the Berlin abattoir is inspected to see whether it is fit to kill. After animals are put to death those whose flesh is consid ered absolutely dangerous are de stroyed. Owing to the prevalence of poverty the German authorities are un. willing to waste anything that can be saved. Animals killed are divided into four el The first class consists of meat which is thoroughly sound: this is allowed to go to general mar kets. The second class coneists of animals having game small loreal dis- ease which does not taint the hnlk of the meat, 1e affected parts only are destroyed and the rest {s anld directly to poor consumers in anantities not exceeding six pounds. The third elnas is that which fs ofa quality so dis. eased that it cannot be safely gold in a raw state, However, it may ba eaten without detrimental resnlts if thor oughly sterilized. It is accord!ngly sub jected to a temperature of from 220 to stock and meat supplies greatly de- creased until thé situation in Germany was extremely grave, Prices asked for dressed meat went nuite bevond the reach of many working people in the 230 degrees in a steam boiler and then sold to the poor, like the rest. The fourth class animals are those which are so diseased as to merit total de gtruction. While it may appear loath- EARNER Uz cx (zal ce Scene in American Slaughter House, How they do it mn Eermany. == 2 OR 1) 2 - [7 == —- Liha Sn dd - A . great busy cities. While it was report. ed that the butchers and meal mer chants were taking advantage of the situation and chargfng double prices, investigation showed that they were in reality in serious difficulties, for in- stead of increased profits they were making less money than before the law went into effect. A number of them announced to the municipal au- thorities their intention to relinquish their business. Mass meetings have been held by citizens and meat dealers with an endeavor to induce the au- thorities to make the meat inspection laws less stringent, bul so far withoul result. The model abattoir and cattle mar kets of Europe at the present time are to be found in Germany. There are extensive and well equipped establish ments in several large cities, but those which are the newest with the latest improvements and regarded as the best of all are at the old university town of Halle and at Mannheim on the Rhine. These are almost duplicate plants. As early as 1878 there were city abattoirs at Mannheim, one for Jews and one for Christians. In 1800 it was decided to construct a single new abat- toir in connection with the new mar- ket. This was completed in May, 1900. This latter abattoir is a model of per fection, ample provision being made for receiving animals and shipping dressed carcasses. The visitor does not receive suggestions of slaughter ing through any appearance of blood on surrounding walls, nor does he smell it in the air, as in many of the American slaughter houses. Bulld- ings are of brick, stone, iron and glass, of good appearance, substantially and admirably adapted to their respective purposes. All are supplied with hot and cold water, live steam, electric lights and either steam or electric power. These operate a great «~«i~ty of mechanical Inhorsaving appliances The hoisting apparatus is handled so that manual lifting is almost wholly avoided, and by suspended tramways, carcasses and other heavy parts may be moved in all directions In the kill ing halls. Artificial ventilation is also previded so that every apartment may be supplied with currents of fresh alr, dry, and either cold or warm as de gome to American people to have a housewife buy meat from diseased an- imals, yet under such a system as is adopted in Germany, when one goes to the market house to buy a piece of| sound meat he is assured of getting it. He at least does not buy bad or dis- eased meat, thinking it is first rate. a Apple Growing. The Department of Agriculture of- ten receives communications from farmers who are maintaining that the practical agriculturist does not have much faith in experiments conducted at experiment stations, as they are on such a small scale that great weight cannot be attached to the re sults, The statement is made that wero these experiments made on a large scale or under conditions such as confront the farmer himself, they might prove more valuable, Taking this standpoint as a rule to follow the New York experiment station through the Department of Agriculture has re- ported the results of an examination of 1,128 apple orchards covering 8, 642 acres In Wayne and Orleans counties, New York. Both of these counties are extensive apple growing regions. In one township every or sired. ‘The rooms for slaughter are large, light and airy. Instead of little pens as is the usual ease in France the arrangements at Mannheim are for a separate hall for every kind of anil mal and a regular corps of VNesnaed butchers is employed by the establigh ment. Butchering is, comparatively speak ing. humanely dome. The large an! mals are killed by a percussion gun attached to the head with a mask. and the smaller ones are stunned by » blow on the head and then bled. OF course, the Jewish butrherine is an complished by a different method and according to the rites preserfbed by that religion. Inspectors are present to supervise the slaughter and every A PROFITABLE APPLE TREE. chard as large as an acre in exteat was visited. Observations were made on such factors as location, site, as pect, soll, management, distance be tween trees, pruning, present condition of the orchard, orchard troubles, ete. The agent of the New York station found that for orchards tilled five years or more there was an Increased yield of about 80 per cent, over or chards which had been five years or more in sod. This greater yield in the tilled orchards was found not to be due entirely to cultivation, as the man who tills his orchard usually gives it better care as regards fertilizers spraying, pruning, ete Figures were compiled of orchards terranean conduits and service tram injurious in the orchard pasturing, the orchard with neither sheep or hogs re sulted In better yields than those not pastured, The fertilized orchards yield an average increase of 55 bush: els per acre over those to which no fertilizer had been applied. Data was collected of the value of spraying ap ples and it was shown that while 8,430 bushels of sprayed apples brought an avera¥e of $2.02 per bushel, 6,365 bush els of unsprayed apples brought but $1.80 per bushel, The effect of distance between trees planted before 1880 was studied in its relation to yield. Taking figures from an average of four years it was found that trees planted 30 by 30 feet apart yield 186 bushels per acre; trees 31 by 31, to 35 by 35 feet apart bushels per acre, and trees 36 by 36 to 40 by 40 feet apart yield 229 bushels per acre a year, Observations In the counties showed that while the site is not a very important factor the best gite is doubtless one that is sufficiently ele vated to give pood opportunity for alr and for water drainage and not so high as to be especially exposed to the wind This survey of the New York section covering, as it does, the actual prac tices of farmers in two of the most Im- portant frult-growing counties of New York, and giving the actual results In yields and income by different meth. ods of treatment In hundreds of or chards, is on a sufficiently large scale to make the results obtained of more than usual value and interest. It is exceedingly gratifying to find that the cultural methods long recommended by experiment stations as a result off trials on a small scale hold true when applied to orcharding on a commercial scale, 909 y Shi — Up-to-Date Weather Reports. The latest work upon which the United States Weather Bureau has en- tered Is a system of meteorological ob servations from vessels at sea by wire less telegraphy and the simultaneous issuance of weather forecasts and storm warnings to those vessels. The Weather Bureau has prepared a special code by means of which exact informa tion as to date and hour, latitude and longitude of the vessel, atmospheric pressure, temperature, force and direc tion of the wind, and the character of the sky are all compressed into four words. As soon as any coast wireless telegraph station receives such dis patch from vessels, the message is to be delivered at once to the Weather Bureau at Washington. Should the contents of this message be of such mportance as to demand special storm warnings, notices will be prepared and dispatched by wireless telegraphy to all vessels in the vicinity affected, The value of such a service might be cited when the experience of the steamship Campania Is remembered. On October 11 last, this liner was caught in a hur ricane. The storm was found to have had no great area and it is stated by the Weather Bureau that had the sys tem proposed been in use at that time, warning of -its existence might have enabled the Campania and other ves sels to avoid its center of activity. An other feature of great v in this 111 Lue A Broodor for a Dolkee, The Department of Agriculture has recently published a method of cone structing a chicken brooder, the total cost of which might come well within $1.00. Buch a brooder has been given careful trial by the Connecticut experi- ment station, and has given excellent results when used in a ghed or colony house. The lower section of the brood- er which contains the lamp for heating is a box 3 ft. square made of 10 inch boards and covered with tin or gal vanized iron. About this cover, around the edges of the lamp box, one inch strips are nailed. ‘Two one Inch holes are bored through these strips on each side of the box for the purpose of ven- tilation. A floor of matched boards is laid on the strips. A hole 8 inches in diameter is cut in the center of this floor and over it is turned an old tin i S— THE DOLLAR BROODER. pan 10 inches in diameter, the gideg of the pan being full of holes to allow free circulation of heat, Over this is placed a table 2 feet 6 inches square | with legs 4% inches high. Around the gides of this table is tacked a curtain of old felt cut from top to bottom at intervals of five or six inches to allow the chicks to pass in and out at will, the whole being surrounded by boards 4 Inches high and 2 Inches long nailed together at the corners and resting on ER—— D0 YOU USE ACETYLENE 2] If so, we want to send you A SAMPLE BURNER We believe we have the very best and the chea line of Acetylene Burners, Our sample will show better than we can explain here why it would pay you to use burners Hai comm — Write us tod iy, mention kind of Generator used, enclose 8 cents in stamps to cover postage, and we will send you A SAMPLE BURNER. W. XM. CRANE COMPANY, Roemss ~ NEW YORK, N.Y. Room 15 the floor of the brooder. When the chicks are ten davs old one of these] boards may be taken away and the bridge used so that the chicks may run from the hovereto the floor of thel room. The description of the hrooder ean be found in Farmers’ Bulletin: No. 287, which can be had upon application | to members of Congress or to the, Sec retary of Agriculture. ———— Double-Yolked Eggs. Squire Meadows, who lived down at Four Corners, was classed as a “mean old son-of-a-gun.” He didn't mind buying new farm implements every yi ar and allowing them to rust and ruin out In the winter rains and snows, but he would not buy his wife a sews ing machine or a dish-washing ma- chine to Jessen the labers of house- work. She was never allowed spend. ing Money, and whenever anything necessary was wanted for the house the Rquire always went himself to the village store and made a trade of some farm stuff for the article desired One day the good wife wanted a ber husband so. “Now, Abagail”™ ther use of gettin’ so ‘stravagant? Winter's coming on, an' thar's that fodder entter ter buy: ean't yer get along somehow with less?” The argument ended by a reduction to a single neadle. Rauire Meadows took a fresh laid egg down to the eoun- | try store and Inquired of the store. | keeper whether he would trade a darning needle for an egg. The owner was willing and the trade was made, Now It seems that this store, in ad. dition to being a grocery, dry goods establishment and post office, was also one where liquid refreshments | were dispensed. The owner was known as a man of great cordiality to his customers, often inviting them to a “treat on him.” The Squire, having made the trade, he sala, “whats package of darning needles, and told | | Ordertndsy and hep WOODLAWN By special arrangement with Doubleday, Page | wr Lh the following PACKING APPLES FOR SHIPMENT. proposed system Is that the Weather Bureau will thus be enabled to send to trans-Atlantic liners and other vessels, information as to the limit of fog and ice on the Grand Banks so that by slightly altering their course they may steer clear of these dangers, -—— SPCRETARY SIAW WAS LATE, He Narrowly Escaped “Call Down" by Vigilant Watchman. Secretary of the Treasury Shaw was three minutes late in reaching the Treas- ury artment the other moming and narrowly esccaped being held up by the vigilant watchman at the door, It was raining when he arrived, and he hurried through one of the seldom used entrances to the building, It is one of the regulations of his de- partment that all employes arriving late looked around at the array of bofldes pe — be on the shelf, and, sald: “Why, say, look yere Perkins, they say yer treat yer customers pretty well at times ter somethin’ stronger'n water? “Sure” ed the “What'll yer hev? “Oh, I guess mine’ll be sherry'n egg.” Perkine went over to the shelf, brought out the «gg just traded in by | the Bquire, broke it Into the glass and | was prepared to pour In the liquor, | when Meadows yelled out: “Say, look yere, Perkins, ‘uat thar egg 1 brung yer Is a dounbletyelker; don't yer owe me another dJdarnk' needle?” smacking his lips, storekeeper, a The Future Mikado ? shall register the time of their arrival at a desk near the entrance. Mr. Shaw did not consider himself amenable to this regulation and hurried to the elevator to go to his office, on the second floor. The watchman noticed his apparent carelessness in not registering, and, not recognizing him, hurried after the Secretary to remind him of his neg- fect When the watchman reached the ele- vator, however, he hegrd the conductor address his passenger as “Mr. Secre- tary.” The watchman's activity ceased imme- diately, cela Shaw remarked later in the was sorry he did net po day that back and ster, as all good employes They ean do things In Japan we could never even dream of doing. The imperial family of Japan dwells to gother in harmony under circumstances that would cause domestic discord, If not absolute disruption, in an everyday American family. Her majesty the Empress 18 several years older than her {llustrious spouse, the Mikado, and though she is the only wife he has ever 4 sho Is not the mother of the five children—the crown prince and four princes—of whom the Emperor is the father. Tn ease she should become the mother of a son, which, as she is Afty. pix years old, is exceedingly im rob able, the fllegitimate children tha Bmperor would have to stand aside New they are accorded the full honors The Most Satisfactory. Light. The Angle Lamp is not the only method of lighting your home but takea all in all, it is the most satisfactory, For while it floods your room with the finest, softest and most restful Hight, making your home more cosy snd inviting, it requires almost as Little attention as gas or electric Light, is as simple and convenient 10 operate as either and set wally costs less to burn than the ordinary troublesoine oid style laws, Our Catalogue” Ib" (sent free on plains how this pe i pplie OO InoL LH Ninary the etc, who la oa, ba Angie La.np for lighting their homes and estates in preierence to gas or electricity, fine, acetylene, or ry other method of lighting u : This catalog tells how the special Angle burner and the shape of the glassware nstration) give combustion so perfect that the Angle Lamp never smokes or sme ned at full height or turned Jow ; why the lamp is lighted and extinguished lke gas; the advan. e of having the undershadow of other lamps done away with completely, also why the Angle p burns J5 to % less oil than any other for the same amount of light. And then offers you a Tri L And it does more—gives you the benefit of tur ten years experience with ofl High ting Ss a methods, Before wou forget Ib beforogrou turn over this best write for cassbag “10, Listing 88 RB 5 C cokes, wouldn't think of using ordioary of The Asgie Lamp from $180 «, THE ANGLE MFG. CO, 75-80 Murray St, New York, or Plants” i 250-pape book, answers trate of Soda “Food F rely ate Bend name and addre«s on nost card for a copy of the book. Nitrate Propagasda, Asdcrson Building, NewYork FREE for we Blain besyy This Grand Boke Avtote Geom ing BE peackeges 1 wt IO ota Hs a Ton keys, I mops, shonised case, Gouble bel. Yow, protectors snd Clasps. ® on onrn 3 in os day. 3. rust bh bend for Rising. we!f the packages ime, Guitars, Mandolin, wt presenta, Wriepow Then we pend you the 5, BOSTON, MASS, Cents. or ont of doors Frowise Olovinia, Ragonia, Ir - malin, Freeein, 40 BULBS, 25 For ia Ke Fame or onin, we w s mag « of buiba, and also as & premium a 00 eal} #1 10 eta, and return ue he ection of fower speeds, 200 varieties, Aveorfeom We sien give Graphophones b other ¢ TRUE BLUE CD., Dept. wrt en llertion FREE re 10 eet them in time for rdart ing NURSERY, MALDLY, BAC. HOW TO MAKE SCHOOL GARDENS By H. D. Hemenway. CONTENTS : Introduction: How to Make a Garden in Garden Work—May to September; Bibliography; Planting Seed, Potting, etc. ; Root Graft Size, 5x7; pages, 107; binding, cloth; illustrations &C Twenty-One Lessons s in Greenhouse Work; 1g; Lessons i o 0 , I am able for the present SPECIAL OFFER. The) newy Garden Magazine, 8 months, and How fo Make School Gardens, $1.00 edition, pos botl § "ree ee tpaid DOL go - & ’ The GARDEN MAGAZINE is finely illt its kindfpubli hed in America. To should. be sent at once to H. D. Hemecawa r iW, finest magazine of s special offer, orders Connecticut, strated, and is the of 1 ardiorg y 44 : . his offer may be withdrawn at any time, WING PIANOS Are Sold Direct From Factory YOU SAVE FROM $75 to $200 When you buy a Wing Plans, you buy st whole sale. You pay the actual cost of making it with only our wholesale profit added. When you buy & plano, as many still dost retall—you pay the retail dealer's store rent and other expenses. You pay his profit and the commission or salary of the agents or salesmen he employs—all these on top of what the dealer himself has to pay © the manufacturer. The retall profit on a plano is from $75 t0 $200. lant this worth saving? SENT ON TRIAL ANYWHERE WE PAY FREIGHT. . « NO MONEY IN ADVANCE We will place a Wing Plano In any home In the United States on trial, without asking for any ade or deposit, We pay the freight other charges in advance, WON RY Payments In 38 years over have been manufactufd mended by seven colleges and schools, br prominent orchestra leaders, music teachers and musicians. Thousands of these planos are in your own State, some of them undoubt after 20 days’ trial In your home, we take entirely a! our expense. You pay us noth are under no more obligation 10 keep han if you were examining It st our There can be absolutely no or ex~ ne that it is impossible for us to do ys Goes pg the wri Gate nee o iver a plano int Test of the United States just as its agian can In New York City, and with ab= Mandolin, Guitar, Harp, Zither, Banjo and “The tones of any or all of these instruments may be reproduced perfectly by any ordinary player on the lane by means of our Instrumental Attachment. Is Improvement 1s patented us and cannot be had In any other plano, WING GANS are made with the same cars and o'd in the same way as Wing Planos. Separaie organ catalogue sent OO request. YOU NEED THIS BOOK You Intend to Buy a Plano—No Matter What Make odly in your neighborhood Our catalogue cone A guarantes for | 2 years against any defect In oF material is given : n 4 ereet parts of a ut ok drdurand th tact te & WING & SON are required to due to members of the imperial family, AKKDO0 WW, 10th Bt, New ¥ 1808 88th Year-1
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