bas been made In each particular case, be- cause to do so controverts the fundamen tal principle of saving the public lands for the home maker, Each locality should be dealt with on its own merits, Hven if It should ulthmately appear that this law has worked beneficially in Nebraska It would by no means follow that such a law might be safely applied to other regions different in topography, soil, and climate. No arbi trary rule should be followed, but in each case the area of the homestead should be determined by the acreage which may be necessary to support a family upon the land, either by agriculture, or by grazing If agriculture is Impracticable. Until such acreage is determined for each locality, any new general law providing a method of obtaining title to the publle lands would, In the opinion of your Commission, be decidedly unsafe. Licu Lands, Careful study has been glven by your Commission to the subject of forest-reserve Heu-land selections These selections have iveu rise to great scandal, and have led 0 the acquisition by speculators of much valuable timber and agricultural land and its consolidation Into large holdings. Fur. thermore, the money loss to the Govern. ment and the people from the selection #f valuable lands In len of worthless areas fas been very great. There has been commensurate return In the way of creased settlement and business active « Publie opinion concerning leu-land selections, bLy rallroads in particular, has ached an acute stage. The sitnation Is urgent need of a remedy, and your Com- mission recommends the repeal of the laws providing for lleu-land selections, A partial remedy by Executive action Ras already been applied by carefully lo- eating the boundaries of new forest re- serves, and thus Hmiting lHeuland sele tions to comparatively Tnstgnificant areas, The last annual message to Congress de- clares definitely that The making of forest reserves within railroad ond wagon-road land-grant limits will kh &/ler as for the past three years, be so managed #85 [0 prevent the issue, under the act of June 4, Ry, of base for exchange or lien selection wally called scrip). In all cases where forest re- serves within areas covered by land grants aps Pear [0 be essential to the prosperity of settiers, miners or others, the Government lands within auch proposed forest reserves will, as tn the recent past, be withdrawn from sale or eniry pending the completion of such negotiations with fhe oromers of the land grants as will prevent the creation of so-called scrip. rO- (tise Cs in private ownersh! serves, and sim! ited extent be | i el lor Seer f Ag FOOTBALL ANCIENT SPORT. ROOSEVELT'S NOT THE FIRST ROYAL EDICT TO PREVENT ROUGH PLAYING. English and Scottish Kings Have Debarred Game. Has Always Been Roughest of Sports for Five Hun- dred Years—Shin Kicking Approved, President Roosevelt's attempt to bring about a revision in the rules of the gridiron sport that it may be played with less risk to the lives and limbs of the contestants is after all but a revival of the caustic com- ments of at least two English sove erelgns who beat the President on the revision business by several hun. dred years. Football {8 one of the oldest of all the English pastimes, and it is even belleved that the and Romans had a similar game, Ever since it first made 1ts appear ance it has been characterized by ex- treme roughness and has been 18 subject of denunciations on the part of those who cared more for thelr own safety and that of the players than for the final score. As early as 1314 football had be. come 80 popular in London as a street game and attracted so many disord- erly spectators that the stald old mer- chants entered a vigorous protest King Edward II was on the throne then and wasted no time dining the football ceaches or arguing the matter. He {issued a tion in which he said: “Forasmuch as there 1s great nolse in the city caused by hustling, over large balls from which iy evils ight arise, which God forbid, we mand and forbid on the half of King, on pain of Imprisonment, proclama- Greeks | tle attention then as now, for in 1491 we find anothe¥ act in which “fute- balle and golfe” wer? roasted to a turn and prohibited under severe penalties, The unregenerate of Scotland were much given to playing football on Sunday. At first It interfered with the practice of archery on the Sev- enth Day, and later, when the Sab. batarlan movement had acquired prominence, it kept people away from church,so in 1501 we find tne town council of Edinburgh strictly forbid- ding the playing of matches on the Sabbath. Not only was the game {tself rough, but {it attracted great con courses of people who were willing nt all times to jump In with clubs and other weapons and resent une fairness or poor decisions, For some reason Shrove Tuesday was the great date for annual contests, cor responding t6 what Thanksgiving Day used to be in this country. On this day the crowds swarmed out to the greens and, from the descriptions have, thelr conduet before and after [Le pa a few years ago in t New | York Tenderloin after a big game In | that city look like a Sunday School | plenide. | } } ae Was a Relgn of Terror, | They marched around with much | shouting and cheering, chasing the | eity watchmen up and down alleys (and beating them right merrily, Pass- about | his terse and ominous declaration | talled by more ve hundred t American lat i come to the fron ade with bills to ms egal in thelr Stat I'S ho ve 08 pubile Interest so demands, the when the ONE ENTRY Here the entryman swore that the cla! dense that camera show Becretary of the Interior ai be thorized, In his discret! slinqguishment to the Un Pot "a by an perfecto uilly Initiated or n was i an. 1 the : rasnree 4 | fide of unpé 3 Bago NorEoOY ee es ey aan tSNagesasets i | | it adva me to show, ary, that the inal entrymen rarely realize more than ordinary wages for the time spent In mak- ing the entry and completing the transfer. The corporations which uitimately secure title usually absorb by far the greater part of the profit, In addition to the direct loss to the Government from the sale of the lands far below thelr real valoe, timber lands which should have been preserved for the use of the people are withdrawn from such use and the development of the count in re. tarded unt!l the corporations whie the timber see fit to cut It The bona Ade settler who comes Inte a country, tim ber resources of which have thus been ab sorbed, may be very seriously hampered by Ris inability to secure timber except from foreign corporation. All of the timber tana has often passed bevond his reach, and the development } farm may be retarded and his expenses greatly increased because he can no Janger obtain the nes. fauary supplies of fuel, ralis, posts, and uaber An In the ease of other lows, instances of the beneficial operation of this act may be cited, but when it Is considered from the point of view of the general Interest of the public It becomes obvious that this law should be repealed. Sale of Timber on the Public Lands. Necessity for the ennctment of a law authorizing the sale of timber on pone serve publle land Is becoming more gvh dent, and the recommendations made In the preceding report of this Commission are reiterated For the best use of the mublie lands it Is absolutely essential to old public timber for sale whet needed and In quantities necessinted Ly the eon. finnons growth of prevafiing Industries rovision should be made for a limited use right by miners and actual sets tage Age on the contr the ’ of | A virgin is a aid; when verging 80 1's called an old maid, - IN THE DEEP OREGON FOREST. od only » black mass of {in Edward's tinse, when the The sport may be rough and un- we | { (Over | Newport RIVAL NAVAL BUILDERS, GOVERNMENT CONSTRUCTORS BEAT PRIVATE CONCERN IN SHIPBUILDING. The Connecticut Ahead of Sister Ship Louisiana—Cost However Greater First War Ship Ever Built by the Government, There Is great rivalry between the United States Navy Yard at Brooklyn and a private shipbullding concern at # tl struction of the two naval war leviathans, Con necticut and Lou The ( er ment Is bullding tie the shipbuilding toward The figur ago by that t completo fn perce y 5 ANON over Ww Col »" { OIL 1t, 4} Cal 1 { i yf the games would have made the wild | ito the {this A "ie compari lead, e) truction is in the than pr WHs pre could n« ers. ship will « By act ‘ 1) { it « . Ni of Congr : mostly valuable for agriculture Forest tree growth, but what ladylike nowadays, it A favorit diversions of the apprentices and other » Rote youngsters were street fights In which in the tter| anything from an axe toa } stomach was allowed maj magined than d« ® be be odd Was id TT Ea T 31 te 1 ol | wa Bl ] 5 ask) AN ANCIENT FOOTBALL GAME | took a hand in the game because of the injuries with wnich It was at tended was King James 1 He was a patron of sport and believed in his | progeny getting plenty of excitement, but he balked at football It was too | much trouble to mise an heir to] have him twisted into & pretzel just | holding down the throne, James told | his son to run along and have a good | time with the boys. In fact, he wrote down certain precepts for the young ‘man’s guidance, but if the coach had own | naked Prince Charles to “come out for the eleven” he would have been met with the familiar “parental ob jection” of the present day, which King James expressed as follows “From this count I debar all such rough and violent exercise as the foot. ball, meeter for laming than making able the users thereof.” Interfered With Archery, Football has always had a tendency to run foul of the law. Its original first offence was in taking the minds of prospective soldiers off from arch. ery, but In this it had as a side part ner the eminently coful and gen tle game of golf, n 1457 a Beottish act was passed In which the two sports were condemned In as vigorous as that used by some of our college presidents on the same subject, beonune occupied too much of the time of the husky men who might havebeen learning the finer points of how to send am arrow through the breast plate of an En glish Invader, language | oti x N THE STREETS OF LONI IN. An Early Prial, The finding of a human footprint, sald to be 10,000 years old, in a Penn that a record in antiquity has been eos tablished. But this is a thing of yes terday, geologically speaking. The when man's age will be found recorded, ! not in thousands of years, but millions { Even now they have traced him back | | to pre-glacial days. How to express | {that in figures is a problem, but, at any | rate, they fix certain happenings in the {glacial period as 240.000 years ago And In those days our forefathers, with or without their talls, their three eyes or fewer, were busy in Europe with the mammoth and the elephant, the giraffe, the lion, the tiger and species which he has outlived. Man was on the earth before Vesuvine and Aetna reared {thelr f+ry beads unto the skies. He has been found with his works of art buried a hundred feet deep in the gold. bearing gravels of California, overlaid by four successive lava streams from volcanos long extinct. — Many Friendly Pals, Rodrick==They say Cholly Goodfel low is very popular around town, Van Albert—I should say so, Why, he wears out two coals a month just from people slapping him on the back. «Chicago News, I In India the contribution basket 18 sometimes passed around in the Hin doe temples by an elephant, ug 4] ‘ : | sylvania colliery has led to the report | © T BY GOVER? ronment Go Too. Bad Start he Lo nitranct ¢ ‘ na wa in he wing-fornon treiv se) of nes ory s vat yea on. ina is 85.0 ut Is exjpx —-— | Chestnuts are a very similar food to | potatoes about the time he might be useful In| g4y will come, the ethnologists say, ! the more nutrit ty The ches ut, ho 8 of the two chestnut bas 33 per cent. water while the potato has 76 per cent, of wa ter. In all of the nutritive ingredients the chestnut potato The chestnut may tly as the potato is, Ix ted The culture « tree In this country han en neglected and furnishes an field for en terprising agricuiiur forestry is The ever, : iy loads ! ed coxa i Or roa itnut LA | 1 Ob i hh} ¢ ve iting and ins nd Best ———————— The Newest a STRAP LOCKS ars the LYNCH PERFECTION YALE PRINCIPLE | PERFUMES FOR THE NOBILITY, Ambassador Whitelaw Held Engages Services of Earl's don. Laie had the i more money y other woman sild that sl was ie respect than'l perfume bills + $5,000 al Duch- | the | per | patronizes of the f ex A Tension Indicator IS JUST WHAT THE WORD IMPLIES, At one time reputa of on periumies in England more extruay Queen J ly Curzon on Hi ni ie O86 | amounted becom” mrchaser of She CHees Ate “i in cates the state of the tension at a glance, Its use means time saving and easier sewing. It’s our own invention and is found only on the WHITE Sewing Machine. We have other striking o improvements that appeal to $ the careful buyer, Send for our elegant IH. T, catalog. HI a Wiirre Sewve Mac Cleveland, Ohio, SI Pine, Pir, ( iE (0. ged LOS 01 pred pi ne mo | Eagle Tank Co., 281 N. Green 8t., Chicago, 11L flson dH; PIANOS AND ORG BTANDARD OF PENSIONS. Over one Million Dollars allowed our clients during the last six years, Over one Thousand claimsallowed through us dur- i the last six Dis- ability, Age and In- crease pensions obtain in tl shortest Widows" claims a specialty. Usually granted within 90 BIEL paresis ae medic ately on soldier's fixed br law allowed per CX of a Cl : ts pecunia benefited | claiz TABIR & V varder Bl | 0 | | 4 NV LDe, + —— it “ - ' aaaUU VLD. ing ~™ ) SP ww Ny hil CR A . death. Feces and payable out of ion. ul rience of 25 vea nefit | Fr « 2 ) HITMAN , Washingt Accident i ™ of A » YOU WANT A \CK ol re A cialty BOOKS—BOOKS Lt of his farm quire 107 818 refrigerator « port this np, and the make a train WO miles long WEBB PUBLISHING St. Paul Minn. BULLDOG SUSPENDERS 0 cents rreryw Owtwenr Three Ordinary X . sgt ond Heavy Waighto, Tor Man wid Youth Eaton Jonglm, Ww e canthe, warsented non resting mets’ pare and COw 1 0 shaolutety wabrenkabie, oof, plies a. Tong basther smide, they sre POBITIVELY THE PEAT SUSPENDER MADE. SEY SETI TREY Ye, WE pesipaia, lor pa MEWES & POTTER, Lows foam vot | opi, 54, #7 LINCOLN £7. BOSTON, MASS, '* We wend Valuaiie Bookiet, Dress and Puspender Piyle,” free on reguml, wi —————————— The NEWEST THINGS for CHRISTMAS WEDDING (and other) PRESENTS are our Lock Buckles for use on Trunks, Telescopes, Cases of all kinds, Portfolios, Messcnger Bags, etc, They are the only Lock Buckles with the Vale Principle and are made of Manganese Bronze, which looks like gold, stronger than steel and will not rust. Locks alone (easily attachable). Small, 8c ; medium, "8 large, $1.00. (Beautifully hand engraved and including monogram, 200 extra); with strap for trunk, $1.50 ; for case, $1.00 prepaid and re. turnable if not delighted, Booklet ou request. Balesmen and sales women wanted everywhere, LYNCH MFG. CO. Madison, Wis.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers