WEW METHOD OF PRESERVING RBGGS, The desirability of shipping eggs from Victoria to England bas led to the discovery of a new method for pre- serving them. with grease and then placed with bran, flour, lime and pollard in small cases. When opened they are found to be perfectly sweet and fresh. —New York World. STIFFNESS IN A WORKING OX, Overworking and exposure to the | weather afterward will easily produce rheumatism, and this will cause stiff- ness of the limbs, with pains that move from one limb to another. The treatment in such a case should be to foment the parts with bot water, and then apply some strong liniment, giv- ing thirty drops of tincture of aconite three times a day in some acceptable drink, linseed or oatmeal gruel, for instance. The animal must rest from work, but moderate exercise will be useful. dry.—New York World. QUALITY There is a great difference in the original quality of eggs, and this has much to do with their capacity for keeping well. Generally, the best- flavored eggs are laid early in the sea- son. Thea the diet is mostly grain, After the fowls begin to find young OF RBGGS, grass growing, they will pick at and | and of course consume less ain. In summer much of the food grass and These are not pod egg-producing foods, and though large number of be laid, eir quality will not be as good as it early in in the season, difference caused by deterioration on pocount of weathe FF. for an egg cooked at it, insects CEES MAY he same day it is laid in July is gen- | erally not so good as one that is ooked fresh in March or April. Hence here is good reason why eggs should be dearer in early spring. They are better then, and for their price fur- nish a cheaper and better food than the same invested meats, money in The fact may also «¢xplain one reason | why limed eggs are so generally unsat isfactory. They are always the cheap and poor quality summer eggs. They are inferior when put up, and cannot be expected to improve by keeping | the rate of eight miles an hour. | trot 1s at the rate of six miles an hour, { Trot out is at the rate of eight miles an They are first rubbed | hour. i The manoeuvring trot is at Slow gallop. The canter is at the rate of eight miles an hour, and is generally used for individual instruction. . Manoeuvring gallop is at the rate of twelve miles an hour. The full or extended gallop is at the rate of sixteen miles s~. nour, The charge is at full speed, and is regulated by the speed of the slower horses, The walk is a gait of four distinct | It is not the ! beats, each foot being planted in a | regular order of succession. The trot has two distinet beats; the | horse springing diagonally from one { pair of feet to the other: between the steps all the feet are in the air. SOURCE OF THE The butter BUTTER FLAVOILL aroma appears in the It should be kept warm and | butter as the result of the ripening i | DPTOCOSH. |] Swoeet-cream butter does not have this delicate flavor, and while {there is a demand, in our markets, | perhaps a growing demand, for a sweot-cveam butter, it never develops the delicate flavor known as the but- ter aroma. During ripening certain | changes take place in the cresn, some | of which we understand and others which are at present beyond she reach of chemical knowledge, The composition of cream is essentially the same that of milk except In the higher proportion of fat. It is maade up chiefly of butter fat in the form of globules, of in a partial sus pension in the liquid, of milk sugar in solution, and of a small amount of al- bumen, probably partly in solution sud partly in the form of an extreme- ly delicate network of fibers which we call fibrin. Cream aiways contains a large number of bacteria, yeasts and molds, which are the active agents in ripening. The sources of these micro- organisms are varied. They are not present in the milk when secreted by the cow, but find their way into it in 8 variety of ways. Some come from the air; some from the hairs the cow ; some from the dust of the barn; some from the hands of the milker; some from the milk vessels, and others from other sources of contamination. as oAsOIN i of five or six months, even when air is ex- | The chances of contamination are suf- cluded. —Boston Cultivator, . "SEED WHEAT. Heavy weight seed wheat contains a larger quantity of more valuable food materiale for the young plant in the | form of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash than light weight wheat of the same variety. [Experiments st the Minnesota station by H. Snyder show that this additional reserve food is supplied to the young plants and pro- duces a more vigorous growth, additional fertilizer material in a bushel of heavy weight wheat is worth from three to five more per bushel at the market prices of com- mercial fertilizers. Hellriegei in Ger- many has also proved that the heavier the seed the more vigorous is the young plant, and where there was not an over-abundance of plant food in the soil the difference in vigor of the plants are seen even up to the time of harvest. The Minnesota experiments prove that the same characteristic differences that are noted between heavy and light weight seed wheat are observed between healthy and vig- orous, and poor and sickly wheat plants, both in growth and yield. The wheat plant takes up over three. fourths of its fore heading out. The soil should be cultivated and managed in such a way 80 as to supply the growing wheat crop with at least three-fourths of its cents mineral food, and seven-eighths of its | nitrogen compound before it blooms, which occurs in June or early in July, sccording to the latitude. — American Agriculturist, TRAINING A HORSE, In training a horse for the saddle, says the New York World, the snimal | is made obedient and gentle, and his good qualities best developed, by pa- tience, kindness and encouragement, and, above all, fearlessness; punish- ment should be resorted to only when absolutely necessary. No punishment should be administered to a horse in anger, Under harsh treatment he will first become timid, then sullen, and at length violent and unmanageable, As one horse is apt to be governed by the actions of another, well-trained horses that are indifferent to sights and sounds should be interspersed among the new ones until they are al- #0 accustomed to the sounds of trum- pets, beating of drums, tinkling of sabres, ete. Every action of arider should tend to induce full confidence that no harm is intended and that nothing but kind treatment is to be expected. The horse's balance and his light ness in haud depend largely on the proper carriage of his head and neck. A young horse will usually try to resist the bit, either by bending his neck to one side or by setting his jaw against the bit, or by carrying his nose too high or too low, Beading lessons will serve to overcome this habit and make the horse conform to the movements of the reins and yield easily to the pressure of the bit, The legitimate gaits of the saddle. horse are the trot, canter and The | food from the soil be- | | ficient to stock the milk with an abundance of these organisms under all circumstances. By the time the cream has reached the creamery it contains a quantity of organisms | varying widely with temperature and other conditions, and it is to these that the subsequent ripening is due. During the period of ripening, the organisms are growing and producing profound changes in the cream. Bae- teria are primarily destructive agents, During their growth they are pulling to pieces some of the chemical com- pounds of the cream and reduc them to a condition of greater sim- plicity, giving rise in this way tos great number of so-called decomposi- tion products. Chemistry has not yet explained all of these changes. A few of them we partially understand. We know that some of the organisms act milk sugar, converting it into lactic acid, with the production of carbonic acid gas as a by-product, We know, also, that sometimes butyric acid is produced, and that sometimes ferments, similar to rennet aud tryp- sin, make their appearance in ripen- Alcohol is also a common product,” so much so that the butter flavor has sometimes been attributed to this product alone. —Storrs Agri- cultural Experiment Bulletin, AND GARDEN NOTES, A safe rule with peaches is always | to set them on an elevation, the high- er the better, Good prices and increasing demands are reported for high-class heavy draught horses, ir in upon ing cream FARM Lameness always indicates soreness, stiffness or weakness, sod demands | immediate attention. Unless you are giving up breeding, { do not be tempted by a good price to sell off the good mares. There is no reason to fear that elec- tricity will ever be able to take the place of good horses of any breed. A hen will eat about a bushel of grains year. At that rate she pays » big profit on what she eats if she does her best, When the dairyman has learned how to prodnce June butter at any time of the year he is getting up to the art of butter making, By keeping the trash in the garden or orchard cleaned up a large number of pests that injure the fruits and trees may be destroyed. In nearly all onses the earlier the fruit is thinned the better. It is not a good plan to allow the trees to ma. ture too much fruit, After an orchard has come into full bearing one of the best plans of man- agement is to seed it down to clover and use it as a hog pastare, Root pruning is done by taking a sharp spade and digging a» oircle around the stem of the trees enough to cut off a portion of the roots. If the farmer does not like poultry, let the wife have charge of it, and let her have all she can make out of it, She will soon develop the business into paying proportions, | with but few intermissions, with the whites, to which may be added the | men whose power ig | butthe Indian is not foresighted ; he | this to be wondered at. GREAT NORTHERN SIOUX, PRESENT CONDITION OF THIS ¥YA- MOUS TRIBE OF INDIANS. How Their Territory Has Dwindled ~The Character of Sitting Bull- Indian Farms and Schools, O those interested in our aborigines, and there are but fow intelligent Americans who G are not, there is no more in- teresting place in the country than the agency at Standing Rock, North | Dakota, where are to be found one- half of all that remains of the once powerful and warlike Sioux Nation or | association of Sioux bands Despite incessant wars with the Chippewas, Hurons and other tribes and their continuous strife for nearly a century, | decimating effects of smallpox, whisky | and other adjuncts of eivilization, | they still number something like 85, 000 people, a third of whom are chaf- ing under the peace enforced by the constant presence of white sabres and bayonets. The original territory claimed by the Sioux and the title to which kept them in perpetual hot water was larger than that of Great Britain, France and Germany combined, When the French missionaries, 200 years ago, first entered the territory of the Dacotahs, as they then called themselves, it extended from the banks of the Mississippi in Minnesota west to the Rocky Mountains and the sources of the Missouri end north to British America. At that time the nation comprised sixteen tribes or bands, under independent chief. They had frequent wars with each other, but they ready to make common an outside foe. Piece by piece the splendid domain over which the Dacotahs held control from them, until there ions of acres left, st of their terri- But as the game has long since destroyed, and people do not take kindly to farming or stock raising, preferring to live on the rations supplied by the Government, they have far mors they have for. There doubt, but this territory will be gradually re- duced ; it is certain it y whites find that it each an were always cause against has been taken are oply eleven mill and this is the tory. been POO these land than 118 CAnD be no will be as soon as the has any | value, I find that though the famons Sit- ting Bull has dead over four vears that his name is reverenced by the Indians at this point. Even those who did not like him while living, mourn him dead, and secretly believe that the whites paid for his assassins | tion. He was undoubtedly the shrewd: est chief the Sioux have had for gen- | erations. He was personally brave, | been | but he understood his people and re- alizing that there were others as became a medicine man. He studied | the savage rites and made himself their leader in all their religious orgies. In time he claimed supernatural powers, and as soon a# his credulous and ig- norant followers came to believe this he had them at his meroy. Sitting medicine Jull’s successor, Gall, is not a man, but in downright patriotism and ability he is vastly the superior of the man who preceded him While a natural born fighter, Gall has the prudence to preach pence and the sense to realize that henceforth war is a game at which the Biourx must be beaten, and therefore it would be pro dent for him to forget. Jut the power of the chiefs, as might be expected, is decaying. They were a necossity in the war days, and when the leader's word was all-powerful with the tribe, but they soon lose their rev- erence for a man who is not only not superior to the whites, but treated with no particular deference by the agents, from whom he is forced to take his orders. Another class of ROIng Or gone, are the ‘Squaw men,” that i«, white men, who, by virtue of their having married Indian wives, are adopled into the tribe. These fellows exercised a great deal of control, but the Indians secing that the men are despised by! the outside whites soon come to gard them in the same way. Farmers have been sent to Standing Rock and other agencies to teach the Indians how to enltivate the soil These, as a rule, are good men and thoroughly understand their business, does not take kindly to work, nor is The warrior has ever regarded labor as degradin | sad fit only for women, and to the women he leaves the work. i The great promise of (he Indian is | in the schools, and those at Standing | Rock, as at others, are under the man- | agement of very competent people. | The Indian children are imitative and | bright, and up to a certain age they | do about as well as white childen of the same years, but it is noticed that after the age of puberty they do not | make rapid progress, It ja worth crossing the continent to see the distribution of meat rations to the Sioux of Standing Rook agenoy. This meat is given them in the » of Texas steers on the hoof. All the Indians have ponies, and it is safe to say that they are the most graceful if not the best riders in the world, Buch a distribution takes place every ten days, and on such an ocession the In- dinns dress in full huating attire as in the days when they chased buffalo, and their ayes glow with the spirit of the sport. The cattle are ui: ughl in. to a groat corral and are fifteen or more being cut out in every batch. These sre let loose on the prairie. The poor creatures are wild with terror, and with tails » they make a break for life and liberty, Whooping as only the Sioux oan, | ent | are allowed a steer, | beech, were more resisting, | these | general way i summer, { men of the country, and he made re- | | daries of. they start after them, Their Win- chesters crack and here and there an animal falls till all are killed, and an- other batch is subjected to the same kind of butchery, The dead steers are quickly and skillfully skinned and up. Every thirty Indians, the smallest child being counted as one, New York Ad- vertiser, m———— -— Lightuing’s Effects on Trees, Bome interesting experiments have been made in France by M. Dimitre | in determining the effect of lightning | on different trees, subjected in the direction fibres to an spark from a Holtz elec- tric machine, Oak was found to be Specimens of liv- | ling wood of equal dimensions were | : | of their | Per diem was $8, and if they had wn. | worked every day in the year except PAY OF REPRESENTATIVES. INTERESTING FACTS REGARDING BALARIES OF CONGRESSMEN, Pay of Members in the Early Days | The Matter of Mileage Salaries of | Forelgn Representatives, EMBERS of Congress in the early days of the Re. public did not have annnal 5 salaries, They were paid like the members of certain State Leg- islatares —according to the number of days they were called to service. Their | | Bunday on legislative business they easily penetrated by the current, while | black poplar, willow, and especially In all cases the heart wood was the least conductive, and behaved like la burnum. present members of the Lower House | draw | months in a year. | gress are now paid at the The observations made agree ina | : | good average) $27 a day for the time with statistics of light- niug strokes in Eorope. Thus, in the forests of Lippe, from 1870 to 1885, and in 1800, there were 150 oaks, fifty. nine pines, twenty-one beeches and twenty-one other kinds of trees struck. M. Dimitre’'s investigations estab- lished the fact that the sterehy trees, poor in oil, such as oak, poplar, willow, maple,’elm and ash, enflfer much less re- sistance to the spark than beeches, wal- nut, birchesand limes, which are “‘fat” trees, One branch of the experiment af- forded a singular confirmation of the wisdom of the recent introduction of insulator in certain depart- ments of electrical work, It is shown that pines, which contain a good f oil in winter, but oil as an deal have little oil in Are more resi in one season than in the other In sum- mer time the wood is as easily pierced by the spark as oakwood, and in win ter as difficult to pe seech- wood, When the 1 and w i 8g 7 i by the , the Vena 03 much sting netrate as us WOOK spark wood of starchy trees than the living militates against the com: sap conducts the dis and foliage of trees M. Dimitre, York Ne Wa. preres | wood, fact which wn ideas that bark hare The are, accords bad conductors CW II Snake-Killing Razorbacks, “Talk about snakes,” said BEd 7 Atherton, of Boston, “there more of 'em to the Florida than in any other part of glorious country. But, as num a8 they are ne they hslf as abundant they few years ago, effort was made to annihilate serpentine breed. “It seems that a bright idea, involy- SquUAre no Jw, as were i before any organized the whole i ranle otic 3 i ing the wholesale extinction of snakes, | to about $1780 a year; in Austria, | potersd the mind of one Willinm Jones, farmer straggling to support a big family. Now he 8 one of the all his money by the successful execution of that idea, He knew that the ordin- Ary razor-back hog of Florida great natural enemy of makes, set to work to systematioally train a whole drove of hogs to hunt down and destroy the reptiles In he had his swine as thoroughly trai in their part as setter dogs to point quail. He own farm of a vast quantity ones, and then he began t« his hogs to his neighbors snake afflicted. The fame razor-backs spread all over and people whose places wer with rattlesnakes and men wh clearing up new land sent for hogs “This is no romanes, for I talked with Jones himself, and he told me all about it and exhibited his book of en- gagementis record of all the snakes past twelve months 1 reason to believe he was facts, for he gave me a warm invita tion to visit his place and promises to Was a and he while willie ned a Little RI first clears the niained a for the evary which also ox slain have they give to legislative ! the Congressman’s inc solid | . : 3 Deputies receive $355 a year. stating the | give an exhibition that would demon- | | strate the skill of his snake killers, "~~ Washington Post Something Like a “The strongest voice 1 ever heard,” said Colonel Marshall, of Charleston, at the Laciede, “is that of the erier of Columbia, 8. C. Yoice, | $10,000 per year each. town | Columbia is | the only town in the United States that | still keeps up the custom of having a | | town crier, and probably the largest | in area that any one man's voice was | expected to reach the attermost boun- | The crier stands high tower and calls the hours: “Ten | o'clock and all is well’ ‘11 o'clock and all is well;” ‘12 o'clock, fire—fire— fire.’ The voice of the man now occu: pying that position can be heard any- where within the city, and it is re. ! markable how quickly he sees snd re- porte a fire or general disturbance. 1 was there once when at midnight he oried that a child was lost, and within five minutes it seemed as though half of the population was on the stroots, ready to join in the search. It was finally found under a bed, where it had rolled and gone to sleep, When the crier dies the office will probably be abolished -they certainly cannot find another with such a voice.’ '--St, Louis Globe- Democrat. tc — An Epicure’s Danghter, A certain gentleman in this city known w, an epioure was dining a frien not lo.g ago and the baby danghter of $%.o nouse, Katharine, aged seven, was brought at dessert to see the guest The guest, who is fond of ohil- dren, was asking her all sorta of ques tions, but her father was somewhat taken aback when he asked, “What do you love best in She world and she answered, * and corn fritlers Bt. Louis . upon a | would have drawn much less than the for working an average of six Members of Con- rate of $13.50 a day, or (allowing six months of actual work in a year, which is a In addition to the number of days spent ot Washington, each early Congress man had an allowance of one day's pay for each twenty miles traveled going to Washington or returning to his home. In the beginning of the cen- tury it took something like six weeks for a man to travel from Providence, R I, to the Capital. Nowadays he can make the trip in less than a Mileage now is figured at ten cents a mile by the shortest route. The Sen. ator who travels in his special ear with- out expen from the const to Washington receives $600 for the ex penses his trip, just as does the Senator who buys a railroad ticket, In either case there is a considerable profit. Mileage is of the indi contributions of the Governme ome. There are the stationary fn VOAr, which if the C : business, day. #4 Pacific of rect nt tn others—for example, allowance of 8125 be drawn in and the may NEressman Cash wishos, these allowances ber of the Hous live within his ( and our gearly salaries 1n com- of forei althou about fifty per cent of his salary, he could not support the extravagances of the rulers of other great nations on ten times the amount. France, Austria, Holland and Por- tagal follow the American plan of pay- ing their legislators annual salaries In France these sslaries are equivalent Parlinment receive ; officers draw be parison with the advisers rulers. As to our President, he usually saves as himself, he set about controlling | who, up to that time, bad been s poor | about the wame; in Holland, members | : (§ ive (} i them through their superstitions, He | al the Lower Hous ‘2eceive 38304 in Portugal, both Peers and In Bel- ginm = singular prevails, Members of the Chamber of Repre- sentatives who live in Dirussels receive no pay; those who live elsewhere re- ooivo $84 a month. Virtually, there- fore, there is no salary attached to t! position of Representative The a month is paid to out-of-town mem- bers in lien of subsistence, as an army Year svatem 3 $54 officer would say Great Britain and Italy pay their nothing; but the Italian legislators are entitled to free trans portation and they receive other con- ssions in the matter of taxation and patrousge, In Switzerland and per diem pay of the early United States Congress prevails. In Switzer land members of the National Coun cil receive 82.50 & year, and members of the State Council, $1.50 to 82.50 =» day. Perhaps the most thoroughly over- paid national legislature (if it ean be be called so) is the legislature of Cana da. Jt has fifty-six more legislators than England There are 215 mem bers of the Chamber of Deputies wh draw 81000 each for each session of Parlinmept: and there are eighty members of the Senate who receive The Speakers of tho two Houses receive $3000 per year each. That is just the amount paid to the President of the Senate of the United States and the Speaker of our House of Representatives. —Wash- ington Star. legislators Denmark the nn — — An Eight Thousand Dollar Heacoop, A model hennery is to be built at | “Uplands,” the country seat of Mr, Robert Garrett. It will probably have no equal in this conntry. Acoord- ing to the plans of Mr, Garrett, who is an enthusiastic poultry raiser, the bailding will be 240 feet long, forty feet wide, and thirty feet high. The front will be of glass, and several towers will decorate the building. The spacious structure, which, when completed, will cost about $8000, will be provided with patent in- oubators. Mr. Garrett has studied this method of hatching chickens, and has consulted experts from abroad A large yard will surround the buald- ing. —New York Times. ——————— Making Their Land Grow, Owners of land amoung the Thon. sand Islands have a way of making their landa grow, not in nambers, but in size. An almost bare rock of small dimensions is thus expanded into an island covered with vegetation and having » for a house of Aken I nine. thing is Sedu plished by riprapping, pile drivi and the importation of earth, The r“wrk is often done gradually, year by yoar, until the laudowner has wade Space on h for his house, aul alter the is extended ns the weed arises — Chicago Herald, { ture of boots. | manufactured, | of the product are its durability and { heading. HOUSEHOLD AFFAIRS, . A NEW YLOOR COVERING, Among the fresher novelties for the | housekeeper is the reversible rubber | rug or earpet, The fabric consists of 8 thin sheet of perforated rubber cloth, similar to that used in the manufac The yarn is forced through the little holes. It is then | automatically spread on both sides of the rubber sheeting, and the rug is The strong features its reversibnlity ; also its low cost of manufacture. In appearance it looks exactly like a moquette or other pile fabrie, and only an examination would reveal the difference in structure. Jute, ns a filling, being done AWRY with, the only expense is for yarn and rubber, Carpet Trade, CHEMISTRY OF THE BAKED POTATO. Usually the first vegetable prescribed by the physician for the sick person who is beginning to use solids isa baked potato. A baked potato, however, may be no better than a boiled one unless it be done in so high a temperature that the starch is affected. Boiled potatoes can not be } to a higher temperature than Fahrenheit. Baked potatoes may be done 1n such a way that they are but n little better than boiled for stance, done in a slow oven. other hand if they are put into a tem- perature of 380 to 400 degrees Fahren- heit, or what is called vt ond subj et 9 1 12 degrees in- On the oven,” ia ‘‘hot they will be done in such s& manner that the conversion of starch will in a degree take place and the potato be consequently palatable and easily di- gested. Potatoes roasted in ho or embers are delicious i same reason. The high « cooks the starch properly. World, SENSIBLE TOILET OOV If 8 room needs after the spring hous them from new white ¢ Inid over a « with a frill of the sam ribbons A set seen white over pale orange white muslin or of the top of the dresser, places for which yon want lay over them a thin layer of sprinkled with violet powder, then tack on a covering of colored Cut the of lace larger than the linings, and catch the extra fulness here and there to the lining, so that, when finished, the lace will lay up lightly and have a slightly crumpled look. Make a wide | chieasoe] sateen, piece considerably frill of the lace, turn in a wide hem, and over the hem and just above it sew on the baby ribbon, Beton the frill with a Make sa cover for your pin cushion, if you use one, in the same | way, but without aany lining —New York Post. A GOOD KITCHEN, The wise woman makes her kitchen comfortable. If she is her own maid of all work she finds that the trouble and thought she spends on that hum- ble room are very wisely spent. If she has a servant she will find that the comfort of the kitchen will often the measure of the servant's stay and her willingness to work. The floor should be painted. There should be neatly bound mats or carpet here and there, but no tacked or “put down” rug. The walls, when it is pos- sible, should be covered with lino- leum, tiles or something equally dur- able and easy to keep clean. There should be light colored Holland shades at the windows and short sash curtains of white dotted muslin. There should be, if possible, a safe with glass doors through which the blue and white crockery, the tin and cop- per vessels may be seen without gath- ering dust and smoke. There should be at least one shelf where cook books may repose and another where bright, hardy, heat loving flowers may bloom. A kitchen clock should provide the experiment of aceuracy for the cali- nary experiments, and a big splint- bottomed rocker should be one of the prominent furnishings of the room. — Cincinnati Commercial Gazette, be RECIPES, Potatoes Fried Whole—Take small, cold-boiled potatoes, dip them in beaten egg and roll in fine bread | crumbs; repeat the operation, and fry a golden brown in botling lard. This makes a nice dish for breakfast or luncheon. Apple Tapioca Pudding —One snd a half cups of tapico soaked over night in lukewarm water. In the morning add a little water and stir till it wis- | solves. Add enough sliced apple to | ll a small pudding dish, one teacup { of brown sugar and a littie lemon juice. Bake till it forms a jelly; ifit dries too much, add a little water. Serve with cream of hard sauce, Flannel Cakes Melt a tablespoon fal of butter in one quart of hot milk. Stir well and set away to cool. Deat | five ogge vory light, and etir them in- | to the milk, alternately, with three HHH ii
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers