~ RUSSIAS FAMINE Fourteen Millions of People Absolutely Destitute ol Food. Pestilence Adds Its Horrors to Hunger and Cold. United States Minister Smith has reported to the State Department at Washington these facts concerning the Russian famine, obtained from eyewitnesses and most trust. worthy sources: The famine is general in thirteen prov. fnces of European Russia, viz; Kazan, Nijoi- Novgorod, Orenburg, Oufa, Pensa, Riazan, Samara, Barato!, Simbirsk, Tam- bov, Viatka, Toula and Norenege; partial in the five provinces of Kursk, Olonets, ( rel, Perm and Tauride, and one or two others, like Kharkov, have suffered to some extent, but are not included in official reports. The tirst thirteen provinces equal in area the States of Maine, New Hampshire, Ver- monnt, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Con- necticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsyl- vania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia and Kentucky, and have a popula- tion of about (wenty-seven million. The five provinces in which the famine is partial equal in area the States of Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Illinois, North and South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas and half of Obio, and have a population nearly double that of the eleven States, This vast section is agricultural and ordinfur- ily the most fruitful soil of Russia. It is officially estimated that 14,000,000 persons in these provinces are without food or means of support, and this estimate is probably below the true number, For three years the crops have fallen short of the average, and ths deficiency of the past season loft the storehouses well-pigh empty, With the increased failure of this yearit is positive, Minister Smith says; that unless adequate relief can be supplied the great present destitution and suffering will grow worse as the season continges. The peasants make no savings generally, live wholly dependent upon yearly crops, hence long continued and widespread drought leaves them subject to outside re . ‘he scarcity of provisions is not the only of this people, When crops fail the Government loses revenue and the paasants, while taxes and rental continue, lack all the necessaries of lifey clothing, firewood, farm- ing implements, the subsistence ol horses and cattle, all depend upon this resource the crops, It is as difficatlt to get fuel sections, and obld as well as hunger causes terrible suffeging. In some neighborhoods large numbegg of persons huddle togsther in some houses most conductive to warmth Barns have been torn down and ths boards used for firewood. Pven thatched roofs are torn off and the straw burned for fuel. Cloth- ing is given awa) ad: horses and cat tle are sagrificed at a tithe of their value; fodder is ‘as scarce as buman fool, and in some cases horseflesh has been sacrificed for sustsnance, During the winter there is no work, and frequently fathers have left their wives and children to fight the battle of want alone, because t could do nothing and their absence would leave fewer mouths to feed at home The bread which many are eating is com- posed of wild arrock, potatoes, chaff and leaves, and these terrible conditions inevita. bly produce disease, Wghin ths radius of one mile thers are 120 oases of typhus fever; pestilence and hunger are da gaining ground, and pestilence is decimating the peo- but misery 351.) as food in some yor In January, February and March the roads are good, and all energies should be directed to pouring provisions into the suf- fering provinces at once. The rivers are frozen. Two or three railroads ran into the famine stricken region, but there are neo branches of these railroads, and all provis fons must be carried for long distances on sleds. In the middle of Ma or first of April. the winter will break , roade will becomes heavy, and the horses now available for transportation will be neaded for spring farming Time is therefore a most important factor in the work of relief, Every weseax ls vital One hundred and eighty million pounds of fool are necessary, Fiity carloads should arrive every day in these stricken provinces, but only eleven carioads per day were re eotved Christmas week. The Imperial Govern. ment so far has appropriated $42 500,000 from the public treasury for the work of re- lief. But the work must still go on. The Russian Emperor has personally given enormously and all ciasses are giving according to their means, The loss to the Government revenue will be $100,000,000 on more, while a conservative estimate of the loss to Russa in view of all conssquencess is place at not less than $500, 000, 600 Up to the present there have been faw contribu- tions from abroad, but the Government and the people of Russia are deeply sensible of the spontaneous fers that have bren made in various parts of United States and the Emperor's Ministers, as well as others, have manifested such to Minister Smith 1 their expressions of approbation, the THE PATENT OFFICE. The Commissioner's Report of Basi. ness During the Year, the United Fateot Office at Washington, has sub mitted his report Patent and Trade Mark laws The following is a summary ness of the office during the last calendar year Total pumber of applications re ceived, excluding applications for the rege tration of trade marks and labels, 40.562; total number of patents granted, 208244; total number of registrations, 1500, total receipts, $1,271.29 total expenditores, $1 - 189,713, leaving a surplus of $131,572; woak- ing a "otal balance in the treasury to the cred/ of tis patent fund of $4,004,317, Patents were issued to the residents of the several States and Territories as follows: Alabama, 82; Arizona Territory, % Arkan- sas, 103, California, 622; Colorado, 499; Con pecticnt, 733: Delaware, 34; District of Columbian, 210; Florids, 5%; Georgian 124; Idaho, 14; Hlinols, 1968; aian Territory, 6. Indiana, 5%; lowa, 27: Kansas, 203; Kentucky, 196; T ouisiana, Maine, 142: Maryland, 284; chusetts, 2122; Michigan, Commissioner Simonds, of States annual report to Congress, The recommends amendhasnts to the of the busi. 52; Minnesots, 832; Mississippi, 03; Missouri, 793; Montana, 42: Nebraska, 101: Nevada, 10; New Hamp- shire, 144: New Jersey, 960; Now Mexico, 14; New York, 3007: North Carolina, 70; North Dakota, 20; Ohio, 1518; Oklahoma, 6; Ore gon, 71; Pennsylvania, 2197: Rhode Island, WO. Mouth Caroline, 49; Nouth Da. kota, 55: Tennessee, 161; Texas, 330: Utah, 2%; Vermont, 54; Virginia, 165; Washington, ik West Vieginia, 74, Wisconsin, 526; oming, 3 United States Army," United States Navy, 8, Total, 21,230. Tne total number lsued to foredgners was 1204, ———-— KILLING CHINESE REBELS. The Troops Carrying ¢ Out the Orders for Total Kxtermination, The latest details of the suppression of the Chinese rebellion on the border of Man- churia show that the Imperial troops are Carrying out thelr orders to exter minate the rebels, Several thousand in. surgents wore slain at Kon Tee, and thos in the intrenchments clos by wars sure rousded and slaughtered Bhap Katse, where the rebels last stand, the Commander-in Chief of the bandits was captured with 300 followers. | number of | Printing—-—The {| were unfavorably reported by the commit | Lion, | Committes on the Ja | nicated to FIFTY-SECOND CONGRESS, In the Senate, rn Day. ~The Mexican Claims bills were passed Among the bills introduce! and referred wers the following: To de veiop and facilitate the interstats commercs of the whole country, and more especially of the twenty-two States and two Territories that are in whole or in part drained by the Mississippi River and its tributaries, To re turn to the Republic of Mexico certain bat tle flags captured in the War of 1846 Mr. Faulkner offerad a resolution, which was agreed to, calling on the Secretary of the Interior for a statement as to the moneys received by the United States Patent Offices from inventors from the establish- ment of the Patent OfMice to the present time, 20r DAY ~The Printing bill was taken up, the Fure Food bill being postponed Mr, Mitchell made a report in the cass of the Claggett-Dubols contest for a seat in the Senate from the State of Idaho, The reso lutions declare Mr, Dubois entitled to retain his seat. Mr, Vance gave notice of a mi- nority report. 27 DAY. ~The Public Printing bill was discussed ——Mr, Kyle spoke on the divorce lnws——5r, Dolph reported adverssly a new Chinese immigration re strictions and prohibitory bills, STH DAY.—The chair was occupied by Mr. 'Manderson, President pro tem Among the bills reported from committeos and placed on the calendar were the follow- ing: To constitute Newark, N. J., a portof immediate transportation; allowing thirty days’ leave of absence annually to the em- ployes of the Bureau of Engraving and New York Bridge bills hoe. In the House, —~Mr. Oates offerad a resolu was adopted, authorizing the ficiary to investigats the charges preferrod against the Hon. Alex r Boorman, Judge of the District Cou ne Western district of Louisiana, wh »1 with high crimes and mi Mr. Reed asked that unanimous given for the introduction of « and resolutions by handing them to t vier for reference. The motion to lay » table was adopted by a vote of 151 to Public business was then « od and tributes of respect wars paid of the Eon, L. C. Hotik, 241i DAY waoich FOIE os ut be iLy-nine nEnory tt DAY. Some {i on the alled for the int vutions for reference, referred: To reduces taxation o the volume of currenc y taxation of Natic States notes, agricuiture f t ional amendment prohibiting polygamy in the United Stat To restrict the rights of aliens to our land in the United States, For the appointment of a commission to represent the United States at the Columbian Historical Exposi tion, to beheld in Madrid in 1882 To cre ate an executive department of mines and mining ——Mr. Arnold introduced a resolu- tion demanding the recall of Minister Egan from Santiago so that cordial relations be. tween this country and Chile could be re established, 20ran Day.—Mr. Grady introducad a bill to reluce the Presideat’s salary from 850, 000 to $25,000 a year—— The discussion of the ruls® was continued, 27a Dar.—The consideration of the re port of the Committe e on Rules was re sumed ——The “Holman Rale,” in regard w was adopted —The House adopted the rul a few unimportant amenc ments, as re ted by the Committee on Rules Mr. yers reportad a bill carrying an appro rintion of $200,000 for continuing the wor a Eleventh Census 20rit DAY. —Speaker Crisp being sick Mn MoMillin took the chair-—Ths Census De ficiency bill was passod—The Pennsylvania ter Raids Clalms bill was reported. I$ priates $3 447 M5——Mr. Banting in- two tariff bills One placed one cent a pound on tin-plate or tin, and 1 2-10 cents a pounli on ates, with a drawback per of the duty paid-—Mr. Outhwaite re tad a bill to establish lineal promaolion ¢hout the artillery, cavalry and in further debate wan proposed rules—The Stats winets nited DCOUrage riders riders, ™ ‘ ia Live THE APOLOGY ACCEPTED. Secretary Blaine Replies to Chile's Note of Regret, The following is the reply sent by Sacre tary Blaine to the Chilean note of apology: CIRPARTMENT OF STATE, | “WasminGroN, Jaguary 30, “Fran, Miffister, Santiago: am directed by the President to ac. knowledge the receipt of Senor Pereira's lispatoh, it has been commy- Congress, and has given great pleasnre to the people of the Unitel States and to the Exscutive Dapartmont, as {t restoras the correspondence between the two Republics to a basis of cordialality and makes, as he belleves a full and honorable adjustment of all unsettled matters easily attainable, “The President notes with gratification the expression of re ret for and condemns. tion of the assault upon tha saliorsof the Baltimore offered by Mr. Pereira, and cone gratalates the Chilean Government upon the frank and the Matta circular, and upon the spirit of nstice displayed toward Minister Egan You will assure the Chilean Government taat the President will be glad to meet in the most friendly spirit these friendly over tures, “Belloving that the subject of reparation | for the assault upon the seaman of the | Baltimgre is now capable of adjustment be tween . diplomatic methods, the Presideat post pones for the present any discussion of the suggestions made by Senor Pereira, al to the use of other methods, not doubting that the sense of justios of Calle will enable the two Governments to speedily and honorably make a rull end of the whole mat. ter. Brame.” SIR MORELL MACKENZIE. Emperor Frederick's Physician Dies Suddenly in London, Bir Morell Mackenzie, the distinguished physician, died with bronchitis a few days ago in London, Bagiand. Sir Morell's at. tack of bronchitis followed an attack of ine Auenza. He was attended by his brother, His death was quite sudden. Only his wife was present when it occurred, Sir Morell Mackenzie was born in Leyton stone, Essex. Encland, in 1837, and was esducatad at the London Houpital Medical College and in Paris and Viensa. He founded the Hospital for Dicoases of the Throat, in Golden Square, Lomdon, in 1863 In the same ear he obtained the Jacksonian Priz, rom the Royal College of Surgeons for his essay on diseases of the larynx, He was soon afterward elected assistant physician to the London Hospital, becoming in due course full physician, and was appointed lecturer on diseasss of the throat, an appointment which be held to the time of his death. Dr. Mao kenzie was the author of numerous publica. tions on laryngologioal subjects, He was in attendance on Frederick 111, the German Emperor, during the Iatter's last iliness, Hs was knighted in 1887, He pub. lished in 1558 “The Fatal lilness of Fredoriok the Noble.” At the close of that year hs re. signed his connection with the College of Physicians is ———— ETAL me, Ww yhning Bons rajsery ve Organ nish hors - on . ating in the Yellowstone coutsry, pu ample withdrawal of | a two (Governments by the usual | MADAME CARNOT, The Generous and Popular Wile of the Presidont of France, MADAME CARNOT, Mme. Carnot, wile of the President of the french Republic, is known to her friends as a woman of tact and ability. Bocially, too, reports the Chicago Post, she is brilliant, gracious and charming. Her career as “Madame Ia Presidente” bas been a social triumph, She is popular with the French sple, whose esteen she has won by fer womanly ways and her active in- terest in matters that concern their welfare Mme. Carnot devotes much of her time to charitable work and is a liberal patron of all worthy schemes to aid the poor and dis- tressed, She is highly accomplished and, unlike most French people who have a na tional contempt tor foreign languages, she speaks English fluently. It is said, too, that sue has a great admiration for Americans and enjoys meeting them and talking about the United States, Mme. Carnot is not only & gepervus woman, but she bas » delicate | way of ministering to the neals of those who are chosen as the recipients of her generos ity, Sho and the President set aside $6,000 to be distributed among 300 lately made widows—mothers of at least three young children--at Christmastide, his sum is divided into two parts, one-half isthe gift of M. Carnot, and the Mayors have the bestowal of it, the number of women to be relieved in each arrondissement YArying ace cording to the amount of poor it contains Mme. Carnot's offerings consist of bundles thes, tad to the require ments of the poor famiiles for which they are intended. and to save any loss of time and also to avoid exciting the curiosity of neighbors, the bundies are distributed by parcels Dost A NEWSY perates of cl carasfully » as ————— GLEANINGS, JAPAN its raliroads, Ino JAraAx uses American made street oars. vil war in Samoa has passed, mey in the Argentine treas AX soldiers are a success, Dascen of « THERE is nc ID ury. ExGLAYD has a claim of $50,000,000 against Tax United States have 1797 distinct rail year's tomato was the largest on record pa » NO Spiny is the new obi of Umitalias Cory weather and the influenzs are killing off the Indians it in North China has been virtu- Crome] THE rev THERE are 490 sawar ills rune State of Washingtor ing in the Maits may be shipped by electricity from New York. World's Fair Grounds 8 site on the 1591 THE rates for cable dispatches to Santiago, Chile, are estimated at § a word, Tux Archbishop of Canterbury a wpecial prayer against influenzae NEw YOR papers may bereafier publish full reports on electrical exscutions, New Yous capitalists have bought 000, 000 worth of World's Fair bonds. Tox London newspapers give a tongu Iashing to the United States over the Chileas the first since February 14, has issued 8s, | affair. THERE are 187,554 Lutherans in thi oouniry, an increase during the past year of 4,042 IXDIANA has barred out a Insuranos that Hiate SOOre or mon snpanies from dolag business ir CHILE will { que and Valpa sand miies ill a railroad between Iqui MnO, a distance of one thou EXGLISH has been recognized as the officia innguage of the lauperiai University of To kin, Jagan THE grand total of charitable bequests is Enginnd last year, excluding Baron Hirsch's was $10,000 00, LATE return gives the of the Maivation Army in over S00 (x idiers enrolled streagti all countries a! THE wool product of 1891 shows a larg than ueual [hoe estimate is ORS, 000 000 pounds a of fleece we ignt product ACCORDING to SRE) teet of timber cut in the dack (8, X forests during 1591 there wert Adiron me estimate Lake Eng froze from the American to the Canada shore for the first time in six years, Lake st, Clair siso frozs solid from shore to shore, and the joe was 80 thick thas race courses were laid upon it, and races held daily, Rapnirs are being shipped to market in earioad ots from Arkansgs, Muesouri and Lennesses, Over one hundred thousand rab. bits were sold in Memphis, Uenn, in one weak, and they sold as wow as three cents apiece, Tax Peary Reliof Expedition will prob ably cost 410,000, and the Academy of Nat- ural Sciences of Philadelphia solicits outside aid from those interested in the fate of Lieu. tenant Peary and party now in the Arctic regions, Tur coyotes have become so annoying near Wheatland, Cal, that the sheepmen and others offer a bounty of $10 for each coyots scalp in addition to that paid by the State, This makes a reward of $15 for each of the animals killed, rt sn AI — A FARMER'S LUCK, He Inhorits 85000000 From English Estate, A dispatch from Eaoglish, Ind, says: Thomas Melrose, a poor farmer, near Grantsburg, has received letters of credit from the Bank of England, calling for any sum loss than 5,000,000, aoatmpsnisl by an urgent call from London solicitors that he refiort in ondon at once and claim a large in Northern England. mesmiviommusatmti—— Geruay village lite will bs shown at the Cotambian Exposition by a comprehensive exhibit that will cost about half a million dollar. All the erack military bands of the Germany Army will be in Every Gorman provinee will be represented, an | Creamery the Uregon | | Grapes | String beans, Fla, per orate, 1! @ THREE DROWNED. A Bchooner Sunk by the Savannah Near Cross Rip Light, The steamer City of Bavannah, Captain Lowls, from for Savannah, with merchandise and passengers, and the schoon- er Lucy Jones, Captain Gross, from New York for Buckport, Me,, Rip Lightship, Mase., about midnight, The Lucy Jones sank aimost immediately, At the time of the collision one man was asleep in the forecastle, The remainder of the crew wore on deck The man in the forecastle rushed on deck, succeeded in climbing into the rigging and caught the captain just as the vessel sank, thereby saving his life. The other men, consisting of the mate and two seamen, were washed overboard and drowned, Boston collided near Cross Towanp Munrny, a J5sasonrt Vacilic en gloeer, running between Kansas City, Mo,, and Hiawatha, has invented a coat of mail for use by express messengers when at. tacked by train robber The coat of mail trivance by which the wearer can discharge agun at the robbers while his bauds are held up. THE MARKETS, Late Wholesale Prices of Country Produce Quoted in New York, 6 BEANS AND PEAS, Beans—Marrow, 1801, cholce.$ Medium, 1891, choles. ... Poa, 1501, choice PPT White kidney, 1561, choice Red kidney, 1501, cholee Black turtie soup, 1861 Yellow eye 1801. chowe, Lima, Cal, per bush Foreign, medium, 1891,, | Green peas 1991, per bush... 1861 bags . ~State, Pena, Elgin, extras PR Other West, extras ¢ dairy-—half firkin tab exiras ¢ “iate n ! fall, fancy “e Full cream, fall, tine Full or. good to prime Common to fair Part skims . Part skims good to prime Part skims, com. to fair, Full skims Pennsylvania tory Fall choos State and Penn Fresh Western «— Fresh, fancy Fresh, fair to good Southern — Fresh, per de Ww mlorn i ~ Limed, per doz house FRUITA AND BERRIES Apples—King, per bhi. ... Npitzsnberg, per bis Baldwin, per 4d. bh bbl, Gresaings, per db. bbl, Westerns NN. Y.. Cn tawim, 5 1b Dask Western N. Y.. ¢ State--1501 wa or iN, pi 1% 1% 15 ox Old od LIVE POULTRY Fowls—Jersey, State, Penn, Westarn, per It Western or Chickens, Roosters, per pair Western, per pair N Geese, Western, per pair.... Pigeons, per pair.......... DRESSED POULTRY «DRY PACK Turkeys—Jersey and Md, Ib 1s State and Penn, per i... 12 Chickens—FPhiia. , per Ib 12 Jersey, per lb...... ] Ntate and Penn. per Ib Fowls—State and Penn. Ib Western, per Ib Ducks ersey, por Ib State and Penn, per ib. Goose, Jersey and Md, fancy Squabs- White, per doz Dark, per dor SOTATORS AND VEOETARLES Potatoes bid. rg State Rose and Hebron, par 1% Ib Chen 135 State other kinds, 1% Ib, —_— I. 1... in bulk, per bbl... a Sweet potatoes Jersey, bbl 15 Onions Connecticut red bhi 225 Orange County, red, bbl, 200 2 Orange County, yellow, 150 @ 22 a J orsey. bulk Eastern, yellow, par bbl, 2 2 5 Eastern, white, per bil on Squash-~L. |. marrow, bbl, g I. 1, Hubbard, per bbl WN aim | Turnips, Canada, per bid, [ | Celery Mich, per doz. roots 3 Ri Long sand and Jersey, dosen bunches. ... .... 5 @ 100 am @ ay @1% Lettuce, Southern, par bhi, Tomatoes, Fla, per bush crate, LAVE STOCK. Beoves, ... . Mileh Cows, com, to good. ..20 00 Calves, common to prime... 280 @ #35 Sh 45 @ Hh , 64% @ TM 400 @ «WwW i @ 55 @ss 0 Hoge—~ldwe, .....vv 0 . DrOmsef, ioc ooee suru b @ GRAIN, XTC, Flour—City Mill Extra..... Patents Wheat No, : 4% 5% @ 510 @ 530 101d 1 9% wa «A Barley —Two-rowe 6G a 6 Corn~Ungraded Mixed..... #4 @ 51 Unts-No, | White.....oveee = @ 30Yy Mixed Wostortt. . coves = @ 343 Hay—Good to Choloe, ..ovuue 78 i] Straw—Long Rye.......0.. 5 @ Lard—City Steam WOg - FURS AND SKINS, Kastern & Rowthern # Northwestern Sowthwmsters, Black bear... ... 525 002% 00 88 0@Hs 0 Cubsand wrlings 5 00815 00 4 0g 10 00 Otter, each, ,,... T00@I0 0 500 700 600 00 S00@ 600 S80 450 250@ 85 15802 20 108 1W 1 0@ 2 AM AB j ) Sane Beaver small, , Mink, dark, fine. Mink, browa,,.. Red tox.... .... Oray fOR.. oss + Raccoon, each, . Skunk, black... Bkunk halt strp'd Skunk, strips, Skunk, white, ,,. Spo large. Routh, med , uskiat, y Muskrat, fall. ew «TEECEERTIe * | cost of repairs | preciate the importance of | place where all wheeled | farm tools generally can be housed when | not in use.— Boston Cultivator. supposing | given to keep stables warm in winter. A well-built barn, well filled with its stable | not so high in temperature as a | radiator, is | the | ruined, but there REPAIRS OF OLD WAGONS, For two or three years with proper care 8 well-made farm wagon will need no repairing. It must be housed, and possibly painted, during that time, When it begins to need repairs it will | probably eell for more than it is worth, | us the repairs required will be twice or | three times the interest on a new wagon. | s made of perforated iron, and has a con- | | , sola eddy, | It was once a remark of a country black- smith that the wagons of some of his | neighboring farmers added as much in as did the expense of | a farmer thinks | will ap- | horseshoeing. The more about these wastes the better he having some vehicles and KEEPING STABLES WARM. Farmers sometimes make the mistake of that artificial heat must be occupants, will keep itself warm. The heat given off by the animals, although steam ) vastly different in extent that water will not freeze nor freezing, A single cow presents a warm surface from her body of square feet, and the farmer who keeps twenty cows in his 1 therefore the benefit of 800 square feet of approach about forty well-built stable has warm surface const his presented to keep apartments warm, built structure, we number of anin ever 10 fre BOILED GRAIN POR POWLS, French poultry raisers cook grain for fattening fowls. They boil it until soft. It is claimed that this method not only increases its bulk but its as well, Four pints of pint measure seven times. Four pints of barley bouea will fill 4 mot measure ten times, Four pints of fil a pint mes Four pints ol pint INCASUTY : Four pists of whem pint ssewure ten times. Four pints of rye boiled will fill measure fifteen times putritive value oats boiled will fill buckwheat There is a diversity reference to feeding Our expenence fatten. sooked foods, and that for urposes it is much more rapid in its ds, — Ladies’ Hors CORNSTALK BORER. new enemy to Indian corn is slowly working its way to the Northern It is an old enemy of the sugar cane to a limited extent of Southern ¢ It was known in the West lndies, where sagar cane was first cultivated in America. In 18355 it was first noticed in limited localities in It was probably introduced by shipping in cane States. and Louisiana. from the West Indies From spread and northward, until now it is reported as far northward as the Maryland border Its life history was easily made out, In spring the eggs are laid on the leaves of the y« t the Mississippi, Louisiana horer slowly into Georgia axles, and borer stalk and commences to tunnel, upward , When ready to transform it burrows to the surface, making a hole for the exit ug cane near the young enters the ususily { of the future moth, and transtorms to the | pupa state. There are several tions in the course of a insect hibernates within the stalks Oceasionally genera season, and the inrval fields been whole are no gencra complaint from farmers. It is only the first brood that materially injures corn If the corn be vigorously attacked when DEeAr:y has | it is young the stalk will be stunted and sometimes killed, The borer is often at work doing considerable damage when its presence is not oven suspected, On July 24, 1801, an examination of twenty-seven flelds in King County, Va., showed twenty.five per cent. of the stalks to be infested, Most of the larvee were found below the see. ond joint, and the number ranged from one to twelve to a stalk. The Government entomologists ex press a beliet that, with the more careful and thorough methods of cultivation that are in vogue in the North, this in sect will have no chance for its life Plowing the stalks under in the fall, burning, or a constant rotation of crops will destroy the insect, as it lives through the winter in the dry stalks Now York Herald. George THR CARE OF BROOD MARES, Some points from an experiencad breeder on the proper osre of brood mares may be of interest to many. Io the proceedings of the Wisconsin Far. mers’ Institute, A. O. Fox, of Oregon, Wie. is reported as saying, among other things in regard to them, that too much concentrated food, too nice and comfort. able stables and too generous keep are the sure forerunners of disaster to brood mazes. The plan which in his experience has given the best net results is to turn the mares out early in the fall, so that they may get thoroughly soccustomed to it Then, instead of taking them up a field of reserve pasture composed prin- cipally of blue grass or June grass which | has been previously set apart for them { about July 1. They are very fond of this | feed and keep in good condition on it. This reserve pasture is located near time. ber in which the mares find their prin- cipal shelter, Briefly stated, they usually remain here until the snow becomes so hard and crusted that they cannot get to the grass, They are then taken into large yards in which are located common open sheds. In the middle of the yards sre covered mangers, each of which holds one good load of straw. These are filled as often as required with oat straw and supple- mented with corn fodder. Towards the latter part of the winter ground oats and | bran are fed freely. When near fealing time each mare is removed to the breeding barn, which is centrally located to three or four small fields or gaddocks. Here they receive their daily exercise, with soft, nourishing food, until their foals are about two weeks old. They are next turned into a field adjoining the railroad, where the foals become car-broken they are a month old. Colts should be thoroughly handled before they are a year old halter broken and taught to lead up promptly and their lin handled. They will be pleasant before bs all after hief —~ New nd tractable always wards, and right here is one of the secrets having gentle Bes. York ntage of fat 1 the new system the rule is pay according to the proportion of butter-fat found in the milk. When butter is made from the milk it is easy to see that the pound of milk which produces the greatest amount of butter is the most valuable, and should With cheese thoug: the the y the cheese » more valuable thus com- price of milk at the cheese } basis as at the struggle to discover of test- vigor thought all be deter- a fair test of its value t pra lairymen have de- d at il th tel amount that will con- me when be paid for accordingly. as made in this country, rule does not hold good in Europe more milk fat is worked int it becomes, same reumery, yme simple and reliable method = ng Of 0 going Ou with mined in order 1: the { milk f available SLL ISS aide 8D 1 Are cerned. There may come at cheese-makers can produce as fine cheese from part skimmed milk as the Datch now do. Insuch an event makers will have to look more sharply after the caseine than the fat in the milk The new machines for determining the fat have suggested a new industry. Stu- dents from the various experiment sta. tions are now going about the coruntry testing herds for pay. They charge so much per cow. When the herd is large the fee is only a few cents each, but suf. ficient to pay for the services of the test. test deter- mine the full value of the cow, but the student can establish a clientage, and by making periodical visits keep the dairy- man thoroughly posted as to the walue of the cows he tested It is to be hoped that this new industry will be found to pay its promoters. It is diffi- cult to ¢ any point in dairying of greater importance to the dairymen of men will give it full support. ‘hose who do not will find themselves forced to the rear. American Agriculturist, er. Of cours one does not wishes moeive of the country, and shrewd, energetic $00n FARM AXD GARDEN NOTES, Twenty-five hens are as many as should be cunfined in one yard, More than half of early maturity in poultry is in good feeding. Winter is a time for the farmer and gardener to read and to plan for the next year, One queer thing about law is that it requires a man to keep all animals under restraint, except dogs. If you worry or ill treat the cow in any way the milk pail will tell you of your sins and the profits fail to appear. “Blood will tell,” but it must be care- fully watched or it will tell stories of disasapointment, discouragement, loss and rain, It is a mistake to allow milk or cream to freeger Butter from frozen milk or cream lacks in flavor. Indeed, butter itself is injured by freezing. General experience makes it appear that rose plants when dry at their base | will stand almost double the amount of frost that they will when wet, Wash out the buttermilk, mix in the salt, press it together, and you will have | much better butter in every respect than the average housewife makes with all her weary toil and trouble, Stove palms include some of the finest varieties in cultivation. Given a fairy large house, particularly a spss roof) | one, with good head room, and these | palms are splendid objects. Roses planted with a good on their north and northeast sides, so as to prevent the disastrous results so often witids following an Sieg wide scam pusies by frost, w
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers