THE HISTORY OF BEARDS. CHANGES AND FASHIONS IN THE HIRSUTE APPENDAGE, Sometimes Regarded as a Mark of Servitude, and at Other Times as a Badge of Liberty, Beards have had a most eventful his- SS great majority of men who became prom- inently identified with the early history of America were sinooth-shaven, but at present time the fashion among our statesmen and other noted personages is to cultivate, if possible, luxuriant mus- i taches or beards, — Detroit Free Press. —— SELECT SIFTINGS. tory. At one time they were considered | a distinctive badge of old age and wis- | dom, none but those of advanced age | and philosophers being permitted to | wear them. Afterward they came to be looked ypon as one of the requisites of manly beauty. Then both old and | young vied with each other in cultivat- | ing luxurious specimens. The inhabit. ants of what is now called Germany wore long beards, as did also the Lombards, or Largobards, of Italy, from which circum- | stance they took their name. Otha's! beard was famed for its length, and his | most solemn oaths were taken upon it. Scipio Africanus, one of the most | famous of the warriors of ancient Rome, | who seemed to care little for the fiats of | fashion, veatured the bold experiment of | shaving off his beard, His example was immediately followed by all of his coun- | trymen. Slaves and servants alone were commanded, under pain of severe pun- ishment, to wear beards, and thus the adornment decended from the high rank | of being a badge of honor and became the distinctive feature of the menials, It was not until the accession | of Hadrian that it was restored to its| original of honor, and the slave | again became known by its absence rom their faces. This Emperor's reason for resurrecting the old fashion was that in | order to cover up some very disfiguring | scars on his chin it was absolutely neces- sary for him to cultivate the g beard. Prior to Great, the that monarch required his shave the grasp them by battle, as lowest post rowth of a | the time of f TeeKs wore fall that 80 tha yery those days in : In the early was conside great care POssessor « fa l looked upon wit brethren. The pious regarded this a f their Rouen, espousir vectives fr of wear dreds of the re immediately fol ample. Many, do and, as a conseqnence, there existed numerous two factions—the smooth-{aced and the bearded-—ant 1 bloody meetings occurred between In fact, these confli and sanguinary to bring about peace, and thus for question, * This marked another period in the downfall of the beard, and it quickly | came into disrepute. Persons elected to the office of magistrate, or who desired to become members of Parliament, not allowed to less their chins were clean it was that many a beard, but a time before the its before the ruthle of fashion. the case of petty however, an exception was made and they were al- lowod to retain this facial It was not uatil 100 years later that it again become fashionable, and for the reason as that which caused its restoration days of Hadrian Francis I. received a disfiguring cut on precluded shaving, and 1 scar he was compeiles to shaved weir cause, hurl He gious-minded that they owed he priestly ex- ever failed to d " so impressed hun localities em ts became so general removed his beard, settled the vexed ir ‘To shave or not to shave we assume their positiogs t Thus short } > pu saaven. wearer earer, 88 edict 4 magistrates, rnament. self-same in the his chin which to conceal the allow his beard to grow. Louis XIII. became King at the age of nine, and, as s matter of course, was beardiess. His wily courtiers, desiring to show their allegiance and respect, im- mediately scraped their chins and again the beard was relegated to obscurity. They did not, however, sacrifice all of this hirsute adornment, but grew mus taches and a small taft of hair uader the lower lip. This was also done when Philip V. ascended the Spanish throne. The early history of the rise and fall of the beard in Eagland is somewhat | similar to that aleady detailed, and dur- ing the reign of Queen Elizabeth long | beards were interdicted by statute. Those who had the temerity to wear one of | “‘above a fortnight's growth” were fined and lost many of their privileges. This | state of affairs lasted one year; then | fashion proved trinmphant, snd the | odious law was repealed, Peter the Great rendered himself very | unpopular by levy a tax on beards, re- quiring any nobleman, gentleman, trades. man or artisan wearing one to pay 100 roubles forthe luxury, If any member of the lower classes affected one he was taxed one copeck and compelled to pay it to a regularly appointed collector. Upon refusal or dereliction the beard was summarily removed by a public bar. ber, who often performed the operation with a dull razor in the public street, surrounded by a throng of indignant friends of the victim. Many of those who could not afford to pay for the maintenance of such ao expensive ap- | : pemdage, reluctantly parted with it, and 0 numerous instances preserved the | eare, di- | severed beard with the recting that it should be placed in their coffins at the time of their decease. This custom was also observed by the Jews of the olden time, Among the Turks, Persians, Arabs and Mohammedans the removal of the beard always was and is still looked upon as a mark of de; n. In ancient Feypt the men were smooth-faced except in time of mourning, when they allowed their beards to grow as a distinctive sign of grief. orthodox Jews of the present day still cling to the mourning customs of their forefathers, and for thirty days neither trim nor cut their beards. In America, no edict has ever been fs- sued either for or against beards, it be. ing left to the individual taste whether er not to cultivate this adoromens, The | Pittsburg Dulleting {| was said that he | into a fight, | declined to take his diploma, | of the | the fos | traveling al iis VIL, in order | | invested. Japan, Buicide great evil, in hotels has come to boa The battle of Waterloo was fought on Sunday, June 18, 1815, A bell Napoleon stole in Switzerland | is now used in a schoolhouse in Paterson, N. J. It was President Madison of whom it could not be kicked at Harvard, but He said Thoreau graduated it was not worth 85. Charles Tebo, of Barre, Vt., is the happy father of twenty-seven girls, all living and in jolly health, The town of Athlone is called the heart of Ireland probably because it is situated in the exact geographical centre island, Twenty-six people named Mahoney are employed in various city and county and county of Chicago, Ill. Y east be composed of minute oval particles en dowed with life, bacilli have again turned atten- capacities Dy the government was discovered fifty years ago to aud the recent investigations tion to the subject, The greatest distance at which arti. i sounds are k December Antwi rp , oe miles a now? ficial heard was on cannon at ue pulpit at the custom! yet In view of od rat story comes from Michigan, A straw held in the mouths of drew the ion of citizens of Nash. ville to a They 3 al three abreast, atten str MIge sight, were : roa i, sng the ng the wwered that x fv ’ tial the two out the centr i when it was dis Us lesding 1 id and blin s “which had been y-one days without food or weighed B80 pounds when it well, and only thirty-five it was taken out, Overestimated Fortunes “How knows ut the private affairs of our millios excisimeq little the general public a broker who had been ng in a New York newspaper that hail Field was worth 85,000,000 and that George M. fortune was $40,000,000 he went on, ‘‘that anybody in the world, nat even the gent knows how much either of them is worth: but to us, who live here in Chicago, the appears ridiculous, Why, I know of property worth over $10,000. 000 that is cwaned by Mr, Field, and 1 am not including his business in this. The usual estimate of Mr. Field's wealth here in Chicago is $25,000,000, but I think even that is low. Nor, Mr. Pull. man is a very rich man and he grows richer every day, but it is absurd to put him down at $40,000,000, He may have Pullmaa's “I don't suppose,” emen themselves, estimate | an income based on that sum, for you must remember that his business is ex- ceedingly profitable and pays a very large interest on the amount of capital It 1s the same way with P. D. Armour, who is at various times credited with a fortune ranging from $15,000,000 to $50,000,000. Armour does a tre. | mendous business and a very remunera tive one, hut I doubt if he retired to morrow he could raise $20,000,000 on all the property he possesses. 1 tell you, | my boy, it is a mighty hard thing to size a man's pile, and you're almcst sure to figure it larger than it really is." Chi sage Post. SE ————— A Far Western Sandstorm. When we emerged from this moving restaurant a sand cloud bad risen, and | little tongues of sand were pushing for. ward in Va, with the point foremost, Boon it was drifting like snow before | the winds of winter. From the distant | hills came fresh gusts laden with the | flying desert. We lay down on a cm | and tried to shield our heads with our grips, but it was no use. The wind and sand reached around after us with in. sensate fury, A sandstorm was upon usa streaming rain of earth. There was no escaping it. The whole atmos. here was gruy. Earth and sky and all tween were of the same color, There was not a moment's cessation. At last the train of flat cars moved back two or threo miles, where we joined some freight cars, Into one of these we tumbled without delay. Here the wind was broken off from our persons, but ¥e sand sifted through every crevice. All day the storm raged and we lay there in the desert. The weariness of that day ho tongue ean tell, and the night was no improvement. As the sun went down the wind wra us about with a heavy chill and it was cold for a fire, Shough at Yuma, Arizonis, the t bes forp the thermometer marked I at midnight, And we had only the sanded floor of a box car to welcome us, | Tables, book -cases, HOUSEHOLD AFFAIRS. PEAUTY OF CARPETED CEFMIYS Did the possibilities of matting ever occur to you! Every one, of course, knows how fresh and wholesome it looks { on the floor and it is quite as effective for veranda pottieres. But here is a new use forit. The entire ceiling may be covered with it and divided in squares by split bamboo sticks, The | walls, too, could be effectively treated this way with frieze or wainscoting. cabinets are now shown of matting and bamboo. Fancy an entire room furnished and decorated in this way with yellow silk draperies and lots of blue and white jugs and things. Would not it be a pretty conceit for a | country house or a suburban Chicago Herald. cottage JIEVERAL WAYS OF MAKING GRAHAM BREAD Housekeepers who have no gem pans an make very nice warm graham bread tor breakfust in several ways, Make a | dough of flour and sweet milk, skimmed or creamy as prefer or find cone venient, still enough to roll out easily, Knead this a little, roll it an inch thick and cut it into diamonds: or cut off strips snd make it into rolls with the hand: or roll it into balls two inches in diameter, flattening them a little or not at all as you or roll the dough very thin and cut into square crackers, pricking them well to prevent their puffing. Crackers are best with some cream in the mixing, you choose ; and crackers require more kneading than diamonds sad rolls, which are expected to be soft inside, Washington Star, WATERING PLAXTS IN THE not Plants while wholly dependent timely attent whic water, more than ev their ehisten: i. im : dd, on w and the sand snd large, 8; more water scantier i While all will supply, a surfeit o damaging, s sand quite moist th not be overcharged, to the convenience o : to have the or j carrying the plants mounted on castors, so that it can be readily m 0 } part of a ther : World table natform Ive room to an be New York GORI, wo THE othing ART OF OMELET is Aa emingiy in MAKIN of Mrs arnal, make an omelet, writ Parker in the Courier.J. For ald never be beaten too » y COOKS GO It well maging ome es ah without and the it will be dry and fire should 108, used must | yneiet shou and beaten separately, all through, and the whites should never bw mixing of import ance compared with the cooking, for the an omelet is of little very best made can be ruined after pour- ing in the pan. When ready to make omelst, sot the pan on the fire; break the eggs in a dish: sprinkle with salt and pepper, and give twelve vigorous beats with a spoon, put a tablespoonful of butter in the pan the fire, turn it about so it wil! mw the bottom of the pan; let heat very hot, and put in the eggs: carefully shake backward and forward and from the side, then let stand a moment to set in the bottom a little; the pan should be large enough to allow the omelet to move about. Bome cooks can toss the omelet lightly from the pan to the center of a dish when ready to take up, but if this is not done, it must be handled very care. fully, and dished by holding the pan io the right hand and the plate in the left, when the pan and plate should come to gether and the omelet will come off easily, To Make Plain Omelet —Beat six eps with a cup of milk, season with pepper and salt; cook in a buttered omelet pan, sod serve immediately, or put them in a on sten bowl and give twelve vigorous beats with a fork; put a piece of butter in a very smooth frying-pan, shake over the fire until melted, turn in the eggs and shake over the fire until they are set; sprinkle with salt and pepper, roll and turn on a hot dish, A scrambled omelet may be made hy ! adding to a plain omelet a tables poon. ful of finely chopped onion, with a table. | spoanital of minced parsley, oystors, cken, mushrooms, tomatoes. or fish may all be added to omelet, and will be found very palatable, Omelet truffles are a dainty luncheon or company breakfast dish. To make it, take six eggs, the juice of a lemon and three tablespoonfuls of sugar; grease 8 quart baking dish with butter; beat the whites of'the eggs very stiff, then the yolks of them very light, add them to the whites, then the sugar and the | lemon juice; stir carefully and quickly pile into a baking dish; sprinkle with powdered sugar, and set in oven; bake until a golden brown, and serve immedi. ately. It may also for particular cous: sions be baked in paper cares, The Otahoiteans, although great lovers of society and very gentle in thelr mas. ners, feed y from euch other, each member of the family Whig Bis or her baskst and tarainy with to all others in the room, # huge | | hope of | tive tonic and bracing nervine, = NEWS AND NOTES FOR WOMEN. | Montans has a woman lawyer, Cleopatra crepe is a new fabric, Hats are mostly of medium size, Cont basques are considered smart, Plum purple is becoming to most faces, Shell hairpins again usurp metal, Black silk handkerchiefs are considered vulgar, Paris, France, employs 195,000 dress makers, The latest toilet invention is a water. | proof rouge, Bedford cords, lace and ribbon stripes appear in grenadines, All wool surah cloth in all the latest colors is new and pretty and cheap. Berviceable jackets for ladies are made of black and colored fancy woolens, The Chicago (IIL) Presbytery has pro- nounced against training as desconesscs, women The Empress of Austria, who suffers | much from rheumatism, has a lady doctor in attendance. Stripes will reduce the width of a fat woman, and even Sarah Bernhardt would be fat in a plaid dress. There is 8 dressmaking establishment in London, Eogland, where ladies’ own materials are made up. According to statistical 130. 000 married women are engaged in busi- ness pursuits in Germany. reports Women who long ago discarded t hanging, dangling, silver still cling to the cryst clashing things watch, The prayer book bad Mrs. bouquet. IB GAY “Olid man s said to be the world, terrifvir ging The Prin a penchant 0 make thd fortunate, as it is 8 most be to most blended with gold, palest blue, wWOonen, anda oan ix sud ft pink shades The tailor-made dresses are 80 stiffened and made firm i padding that but to the actual form of th thess OW! these gowns with canvas and bones pis made Indeed, He little refer are as perfect uti ns are the garments of men with their al. ways superb shoulders, oston, Mass, is the thir if th y to be 8 bar. Mrs. Fall has a us band, with whom she studied, but owing laws of rbid : : wife, mitted to the the St to the ste, which {oral rtp os } y FORRL COntrad twen hushand a there will be The Dolly Varden style oration seems this time to have had a permanent revival, for never before was there such riot of buds and ble vines on every variety of no partnership, ssoms and trailing material ex- cheviots medium weight copt, perhaps, the and other warieties woolen goods mespuns, of One of the directors of the First Na- tional Bank, of Auburn. N. Y., is Mim Emily Howard, who is the only woman in the world, certainly in America, to Bll a position of the kind. Miss Howard, before and war, has taken an active interest in the education of the colored people. since the The brusque and fussy im- pulse of these days of false impression would rate down all as worthless because one is unworthy. Asif there were no motes in sunbeams! Or comets among stars | Or cataracts in peaceful rivers | Because one remedy pro- fesses to do what it never was adapted to do, are all remedies worthless ? Because one-doctor lets his patient die, are all humbugs? It requires a fine eye and a finer brain to discriminate ~to draw the differential line. “They say” that Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery and Dr. Pierce's Favorite Prescrip- | tion have cured thousands. “They say" for a weak sys- | tem there's nothing better than | the * Discovery,” and that the | “ Favorite Prescription ” is the | debilitated, feeble women who need a restera- And here's the proof —— Try one or both. If they don't help you, tell the World's Dispensary Medical Associa tion so, and you get your money back again, NSIS) pune] For Internal and External Use, Infammation to Hy om, Meer 1 yim — ad Mae Er ota pot o'l LR TRLYS CREAM BA EET A the Bores and Cures CATARRH. Chel me. those of | ONE ENJOYS Both the method and results when Byrup of Figsis taken; it is pleasant and refreshing to the taste, and acts Gently yet promptly on the Kidne VA, iver and Bowels, cleanses the sys tem eflectually, dispels coids, bead. aches and fevers and cures habituai constipation. Syrup of Figs is the only remedy of its kind ever pro duced, pleasing to the taste a ceptable to the stomach, pron pt tn fte action and truly beneficial in its effects, prepared only from the most heaithy and agreeable substances, ite many excellent qualities com mend it to all and have made it the most popular remedy known Syrup of Figs is for sale in 500 and 81 bottles by all leading drug. giste. Any reliable druggist who may not have it on hand will pro cure it promptly for any one who wishes to try it. Do not accept any substitute, CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP ¢ SAR FRANCISOU, CAL, EOWISYILLE, KY ' “8K Nr, w “August Flower” How does he fee! 2—1 blue, a deep, dark, unfading m-the- woo mal makes evervhbods ¢ ¢ me wav —August Flower the Remedy. How does he feel 7—He fi he ad ih i rer . ee BCTALN stant, bt nels Jul August Flower the Remedy OG CY TTL shew How does he feel 7—Je feels a . Or ImToo { ug Ui wt ra $4 ALLEY Or eaten or drunk-—August Flower the Remedy. How does he feel? the gradual de : . miserable n gs for death and lower the Rem ay of wvital n ” August F How does he feel 7—He feels so full after eating a meal that he can har walk-—-August Flower the Remedy. Po G. G. GREEN, Sole Manufacturer, Woodbury, New Jersey, U. 8. A WELL FREE BAGGY KNEES &apermamecees Wy stadents s! Harvard, Asn herst and ofhet Colleges, alse, bv professions! and budloess mes everpe whare. If not for sale In pon town se 4 2a BJ GREELY, TI5 Wash ington Surwet Fenton, NSION™ W.Nmonmis, Washington, P.O, Success sy Progsecutes Cinims, late Frincipal Bxfminer U 8 Pension Duress Jvrain inet war, bad odiosting claims, sily soos F HB SALE Oioap for gonsd farms asd LANE OU T COM PIa0 or 1000 Carefully Tuvestsd hove tng ANSL ALLY Pram THESTT 4 ot we TAOUEA ISTENTREAY ou. PATENTS Washington, Db, O. SEED MOR OIROTRAR —— DO YOU WANT A NEW Henlth Helper i» ‘3 * Ww a year Betnd for sample. De ’ : ¥ ] tr | POSITIVELY RAMEDIED. property r wi merohand lw .. # { Cotnmeros im Chinanitoey hibeagro, 1002 a Taturiy, = F. A, LEHMANN, - IVERS & — Sa ay eNo.and ¥ Advice © QOoPVRIGWTS ur faery | i exchange § # Will 1 X W. L. DOUCLAS 83 SHOE cen/en shu Grenuine Handesew ed, wy tinh dress Shoe wide oomnes 64-00 Haudesewed Welt equalled for syle and ds 83:50 Cioodyenr Welt Blair mi 6 popular rhe 83-90 Foliceman's shoes ix eapocially for r road men, farms ri. oie isjied 100 and Las only Bundene wed All Tse ng 88.00 for Ladies b th Vv ow BL Chis poplar parion $2.50 Dongola Shoe for Ladies 8 new Fiure sad gp wok 1 Oe Yor wl.? ro ped with nse on CL RRE te t supgdy otsg sa veriieed a ad or r EE and Ladies, snd for Misses r exoeiieg ol $4.00 shoe for ‘ ol " w fo © Gr a postal for ords dds on WW. lL. DOUGLAS, Brockton, Mass, WANTED Shoe dealer in every city aad town not eccupied to take exclusive agency. All agents advertised in local paper. Send for illustrated catnlogue, -VASELIN {| FORA ONE<DOLLAK B10, sont a Priv i tu i lage stamps any single artis “ wae Bll 24 Mate » fate er oalil ed viola it weal ~y Gite Ten welversn! fa v pore Cabbage pe So off « a PF.» Oulon, the fs wn vgs dionon, J show te ong #hv B 10 for Che bey hah wt trom 1 ounor of seed which | will pend! for BO ota. Ostia logue free, lsanc PF. Tillinghast, La Plume, Pa» NES OF (BINGHAMTON \% MY. a Cin. ® $10 READY-MADE SUITS FOR MEW by b " i i TON SCALES \ $60 | Boar Bo Tare Beam / \ § Almas a N "5 Poe 1’ / wy * wide leg teas fr Rend Nix Cents for 11 samy of $18 Hen 8, faad * te abd Ww megsmre. § § Uby « LD. L. HUNTLEY & OO. Wiiloasnie Tallorn, 104 Rast Balioos Sree, (ions. Fh * LADIES! * Gold W Dress, y 300 oye ntehk y arth ome Golias Frombage ou » a Silk fron + Full x . jae wort bw pay reture L. PAINE & CO, ™ Court si. Boston PROF. LOISETTE'S NEW MEMORY BOOKS. el tor Soent » ’ ag 8. Box 265 Maen, Hera, bh Ave New York | Criticiems ¢ wrt Metmory firaty | shout Apel 1m of ta forwarded those who send stamped directed cuvelope rospectus PUST FREE of the Lolsetline ASS i of tT Yorgedting Address ’ ISETTE, 28% firs are Coining Mone ON CENT MAD VERROSR | IFTEEN DAYS 17. Lndies do as well as men. A see rioed art Nowded in every bouse re and office Everybody waste it, Seids on ents lear 100 per et. For terme add ross 7 A DIREPATROL 027 Ohestant 50 Py weeps, Fa 2% AXLE FRAZER Eis EF Get the Genutna doa Everywhere, PIANO? Don’t say you cannot get it till you know how we will furnish you one. Ask by postal card and we will send you FREE, A CATALOGUE, tel! you our prices, explain our plan of EASY PAYMENTS, and generally post you on the PIANO QUESTION. a You may save $50.00 by writing us a POSTAL CARD. ANO CO Sl nelerbe mary; s -Pont refuse all: to use SAPOLIO: Iris a” solid cake of scouring soap, used forc I asked a maid if leaning purposes she would wed, And in my home her brightness shed; She faintly smiled and murmured low, “If I can have SAPOLIO.”
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers