' V'ey'"1 Sj-" V J1 wj 'WU'l V- V CTfi, tTHft;' " '' laaiaiaB m ft' r u ' u R?, A' 18k'- I; ir I! I k K' vsii1' i'it 8 uenmg public ffledget , PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY f CTfius ir. t. cuims, pbsidnt Jehn C. Martin, Vice President and Treasurer! Charlea A. Tyler, Secretary. Onirics II. I.uillna Ien. Thlllp fl. Cellins. Jehn n. William. Jehn J. fipurireen. Qeerca F. aeldimlth, David B. Smiley, Director. DAVID B. SMILEY Kdlter JOHN C. MAItTlK.... General Iluslnesg, Manager Published dnlly at Pcstle Lroemi Building--Independence Square, Philadelphia. Atlantic CitT rreni'Unttm Building: Niw YORK .104 Madisen Ave. DrrseiT 701 Ferd nulldlna- r. Leuis 013 abbe-Demecrat I1ulMlr.gr Ctlioieo 1302 Tribune llullJln N'RWS BUREAUS: WASIIIoten niRiut, N H. Cor. Pennsylvania Ave, and 14th St. Kw Yean IlcnitAU The Sun llulldlna- Ianden UURtu Trafalgar nulldlna- HUnsfKIIIlON TBUMs The Kiini.ne i'oblie Limib la nncJ te ub crlbera In l'hllalelphla. and aurreuivllna- town at the rate of lvtl U-) centa per week, payable Se the carrier. By mull te points outside of Philadelphia In the united States, Canada, or t-'nlted States pos session, postage free, fifty (BO) centa per month. Bit (10) ilelr.ns per year, payable In advance. Te nil fereian countries one ($1) dollar a month. Neticb Subscribers wishing- address chanted tnuit give eltl hh ell as new address. BEI.L. ---' 3900 WALMT KEYSTONE. MAIN 1601 Ctrfdrrss oil rommuitlcfltfens te Evening PuvHe Ledger. Independent Square. Philadelphia. Member of the Associated Press THE A.ISOCtATED PRESS is exclusivetu en titled te the um or republication et all tieics tfnpafcAc credited te It or ttef otherwise credited in this paper, and alto the local ntin pubtilhtd therein. All rtghts e reimbHcatlen e jpfclal ispatehe eSfrein are olio tesrrved. rhllid.lpMi. Tund.. Autmt 15. i: AUXILIARIES FOR THE FAIR COLONEL D'OLIER'S call for n meeting of representatives of eleven c.cic orgnii ergnii orgnii lzntlens with the directors of the f.ilr con cen tnlns the perm of a constructive pieram which may pone of sound practical worth te the undcri.miig The conference, te be held tomorrow, will be nttended by membeis of the ('number et Commerce. Mnnufai turer Club, Peer Richard Club, Rotary Club. City Clui . Real Estate Heard, Exchange Club of Philadel phia, Philadelphia Chapter ..f the American Institute of Architects, Engineers' Club, Klwanls Club and City Business Club. A wide variety of Interests arc embraced In this seleitlen. All of them are known friends of the fair project. Mere general Indersement, however, is net enough. There is a dlversltj of najs in which each of these organizations can be helpful te the exposi tion enterprise, and it Is therefore of realistic Importance that they should be brought into Intimate contact with the directorate and specifically Informed regarding its purposes. Any movement designed te provide the Sesqui-Centennlnl with an escape from a none tee splendid isolation is te be strongly commended. In line with tills laudable ef fort is the suggested formation of a national advisory body, i imposed "f lendet" In in dustry, trade, tmance, ait and civic prog ress. Such men as Herbert Hoever. Chnrles M. Schwab, Matthew Brush and liernard M. Baruch have been proposed. The list Is capable of stimulating extension. If the Idea is carried out en the proper scale, it should sent- te estahllsh the necessary im pression that the fulr is of consequence, net only te Philadelphia, but te the entire Na Na teon. Lecal enterprise I", of course, primal lly requisite, but the fair undertaking can never be worthy of the epochal event whit h it is te signalize until it lias inspired the most cordial and widespread national enthusiasm. JERSEY'S MYSTERY LET us admit that State Senuter William M. Runyon. of New Jersey, contrary te the startling allegation of Mrs. Raymond L. Denges, of the Democratic State Committee, was net. as the tndlitment runs, skated" when lie nreM- lecently te deliver a dry ad dress in Camden. Hard things said in po litical campaigns seldom mean anything and seldom sink very deeply into the public mind. The suit whtih Senater Runyon threat ens would theiefere be superllueus More over, it would net be enlightening It would contribute nothing of the suit uf knowledge which the general public in Jer sey and elsewhere wishes ei earnestly te obtain. The suit might be wen or lest ami tp should net jet knew why -e many po liticians who are dry in theory nre wet In jiractice or why many parts of New .Jersey continue te be as wet as the adjacent ocean, even though the political party repiescnted by their administrations is supposedly drj When it is possible te learn why some official "drjs" are wet and net before, something Ilk Velstendlsm may be possible In real life. REGULATING FIGARO MOST of the rules which Dr. Furbush has promulgated for the government of barber shops In Philadelphia nre observed by nny establishment of this cliarni ter en tertaining a prnctical regard for its own prosperity. Sanitary Instructions, which the average cituen may deem commonplace, ere, however, worth reiterating as warnings gainst carelessness and indifferent e, occa sionally unconscious, te the elementary principles of hygiene. The Meaith Director empheticnlly insists en the abolition of the common sponge, powder puff and chamois cloth. It leeks as though these once standard properties of the barber shop would be forced te trnvel the read of the community drinking cup and peclnllzed hand-towel. There wii1 be no meurneri for their demise. Dr. Furbush'K ultimatum contains no ref erence te the loquacity of operators upon the human face and crown. Admonitions en this Bubject are conceivably superfluous. The barber who is faithful te the Health Direc tor's long arrav of specific injunctions will gain scant opportunity for a display of con versational powers. A Figare snlisted in the modern sanitary squad would be much tee busy te retail the gossip, intrigue and politics, even of mine Uve Seville. NEW VISION IN POLAND ACCEPTANCE of the principle of racial and religious minorities was a condition precedent te the erection of the group of new states called Inte existence bj the Treaty of Versailles. Premises te refrain from the type of oppression for which the Auatro Auatre Hungarian Empire was particularly noted were freely given. In severnl of the new nations, however, performance has lamentably trailed behind pledges. Perhaps the best exhibit Is pro pre Titled In Czecho Slovakia, in which the once mistrusted hyphen Itself is nil ostensible Index of equality of opportunity. I'nder Mnssaryk and Ilenes, the Slovak population lias been accorded many of the rights lib erally guaranteed en paper, although In tfie eastern part et this republic, notably In Pressburg, considerable discontent with the present regime Is te be found. Up te the present by far the worst record bss been achieved In tumultuous Poland, where the rr.clal majorities after centuries of seml-neivltude hare extravagantly ever- i played their regained authority. t Ifr Im tttimttncrf Mir tharftfnrn s nnru tli lulfMlllrii after their latest ministerial ton ten riOTtfwu, art at laic-rising te a sense, of their a 'T -ikkrlauK rknenalbIlliis. Pratnlar Ne wait has TiT" J called rt conference of experts te draft ft home government for Gallcla. According te the tentative program, the region will be administered by n council of two sections Polish and Ukrelnlan with' one portfolio In the national Ceblnet re served always for n Ukrainian. Full re ligious liberty will be granted under the pro posed plan. Prospects for n snner rule In Gallcln will be welcomed by a population which, en the whole, suffered less from tyrannous Inter ference from Vienna than nny of the outly ing provinces of the rickety old cnuiire. The Gnliclnns, who profited by HapsbTirR rule nt Its best, are entitled by experience and tradition, as well ns by the moral values of the case, te expect nt least as consider ate treatment from Warsaw as was ac corded them In the latter days of Francis Jeseph. NORTHCLIFFE: A COMMONER MIGHTIER THAN KINGS Many People Still Believe That With Printer's Ink for Ammunition He Wrecked the German Throne and Saved the'One at Londen TATL'CH of what Is best and net a little of ' what is lamentable In the spreading democracy of these times was reilected sharply in the career of Lord Nerthcllffe and the trend of his influence ns the most powerful, If net the most gifted, of British journalists. It was with Nerthcllffe's rise nnd the war's outbreak that the direction of affairs in the British Empire was taken, perhaps forever, from the hands of the specially trained and the elect, the artstecrnts nnd the tea councils and the "gentlemanly In effective. " It was seized for an historic hour or two by thLs restless and virile pub lisher who made a parliament of the masses and came nt last te Impose his will upon a King end the Prime Ministers through the enormous power of printer's Ink. What Nerthcllffe mny hnve lacked In cul ture and the philosophy of sound govern ment he made up in earnestness and honesty of purpose. It had begun te seem that the ruling classes in England were unable te save the country from the effects of n Ger man victory. It Is tee much te say of Nerthcllffe that he wen the war. But there nre many far-sighted people who still be lieve that at one time he prevented It from being lest. That was when he Insisted in telling ugly truths te a country that preferred the com cem fcirt of pleasant but misleading fictions about the progress of the war under the Kitchener administration Kitchener was the here and the demigod of the worried public, the man of destiny. K. of K. : The Nerthcllffe pics said that Kitchener was old-fashtenei : that his methods, perfected against the Beers in Seuth Africa, were outworn and Inefficient n'nd that the wnr was being lest because the War Office had net progressed with science from shrapnel te high explosives. Nerthcllffe's papers were burned In the streets, but they went en felling the brutal truth and their owner lived te see his cam paign justified and his judgment sustained. Kitchener changed his methods. But he did se only after the Nerthcllffe press had run counter te all the prejudices of n mer curial public by seeming, in attacking the army chiefs, te be giving aid and comfort te the enemy. The democratic spirit animating North Nerth cllffe n commoner by birth nnd tradition went te the ervlce of the future England and its people rather than te the service of a class or an aristocratic legend. It was net always wholly wise or gracious nr iust or even intelligent. It was brusque and often hnrh. But it did serve England and the genera! iause of civilization ns no ether force In England of the Oxford and Cambridge nristecracy could. Had there been no Nerthcllffe In England, no agency great enough te attack the ivied Institutions and reputations rf the empire and tell the truth about them nnd bring even the min isters of state te their senses, the illusions of the British about their ruling group might have been sustained for a few years longer until the war was lest. The virtues of philosophy and learning, had they been in Nerthcllffe ns they were in some of the men whom he fought and broke, might haie made a marvelous innn of him. Jlut he had only n superficial knowledge of some of the questions which he tried te dis pose of with a sentence or an editorial article. lie had Instinct te guide him, rather than learning, and It mi?iii be said of him that he was far wiser in many ways than men mere greatly learned than he. What he had was a sense of partnership or fellowship with all men and that is a quality which the British aristocrat did net share at the outbreak of the war. It is the essentially necessary thing ;n a democratic country, and Nerthcllffe's life and methods will prove in a final anlysas that what the world needs is that same quality of mind linked with the Intellectual accomplishments new restricted, in England at least, te the minority. It has been said that the Londen Tirees lest much of Its old integrity when North Nerth cllffe "get bold of it." The Times did lese something of its dignity and the character of its thinking changed. It tried te improve its thunder with some interesting lightning. Bur, though its vision may have narrowed a little, its sympathies were broadened. It was no longer the voice of the aloof and in fluential minority. It became for a time, at least, the voice of thinking England. That was due In part te Nerthcllffe and in part te the moving force of the crisis of 1910. Nerthcllffe himself was In some de gree a creation of that crisis. The war did mero than nnytlrfng else te make a public figure of him. Before the outbreak of hostilities and after the firing ceased he was at bottom a brilliant ndven turer In journalism. Many of the papers which he controlled were and are little mere than achievements in journalistic quackery. Nerthcllffe may have been great because he was net n lord nt heart. While Colonel Rcptngten and hia sort were writing cheer ful dlnrles at teas and array dances nnd In teresting themselves In the fashions in mourning millinery and hoping te be made victorious by the mere trodltiens of aristo cratic England, Nerthcllffe's papers were raging about the dead and wounded, the re treats and the confusion In the Held nnd the terrible Incompetence of the army admlnls admlnls tratlen. Ii)waB Br or m0M bfere thft EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER British people sew that they were telling the truth. Then the cbanges enme. Asqulth left office nnd Lloyd Geerge went in nnd Kitchener took up high explosives, very re luctantly. What had happened before happened again. The democratic spirit hnil risen, this time In a vast newspaper organization, te save an aristocracy that never had esteemed or respected It. A MATTER OF THRILLS AN AIRPLANE will start tomorrow en a flight of S."00 miles from New Yerk te Brazil. It Is a casual announcement and It is being received by the whole country In n perfectly casual sort of way. There seems Inet te be even the suggestion of a thrill In It. Yet It was only twelve years nge that the whole Natien learned, nlmest with In credulity, that a chnp named Charlen K. Hamilton had accomplished the wonder of flying all the way from New Yerk te Phila delphia under the auspices of the PrtiMO Ledeku. Countless thousands watched nnd waited for him nil along his intended pntb ; a special treln with long streamers of white cloth sicd under him se thnt he could sec the way and net get let, nnd. when he landed, the world thrilled nt the accomplishment of the marvel of Hying ninety miles nenw n busy countryside. There Isn't a thrill new ns four men start out te travel S.'OO miles by the same means and with no guiding train. Small chance a train would have these days keeping ahead of a modern airplane ! If twelve short years have brought about this casual view of such an exploit, where nre the men nnd women nnd children of the future te leek for their thrills? Only a year nge a concert received by radio was enough te thrill us. Today every body has his radio set nnd most of them arc already gathering the dust of disuse. Thrills don't seem te last any mere. Wonders of science hnve piled upon wonders se thick and fast that the receipt of an ac tual message from Mnrs or Venus would probably provoke little mere than a mere lifting of the eyebrows nnd n yawning, "Is that se?" And tomorrow it would inter the drab and monotonous list of things thnt everybody knows about. The veternn et the Civil W.ir retold his fnles year after yeap for two generations afterward; the Ynnk fiem the recent trenches Is already bored te death whenever nny one mentions the eigy of hlevl that saturated Europe until only four short years nge. lie went and did it and It's done; let's talk about something else. That seems te be the spirit of the age nmv. Are we tee busy te be really thrilled V Ilns the love of adventure palled upon us? And Is it altogether u geed thing te become se sophisticated thnt enthusiasms fail te stir us? SHORT CVTS When Llnyil Geerge i meif criafie And St. I'einrare emphatic It m very karri for them te get together; Fer Orrman reparation As a theme for conversation lias an interest almost equal te the weather. Cheer up ! All our troubles will seen eer. Congress is in session again. be "Wheat Prices Drep te New Lew leveln." New let the hcadliner tell the baker. Having been banned in vaudeville, the prohibition joke lives only in bootlegger circles. The Santa Fe passengers left stranded far from home nre a symbol of the publi at large. In deciding upon a fight te a finish it is hard te figure who pulled the bigger bone, the carriers or the strikers. "Sweet." quoted Scnnter Smoot as n sack of sugar fell en his beau, "sweet are the Uses of ndversity." What a let of time and money would have been saved if arbitration preceded the strike instead of followed it? Mathilde says she is net going te he married this ear. Heavens: Hew aie we going te stand this suspense? An elastic tariff en a two-pronged stick ought te be able te toss n few sling-shots where they will de the most geed. New Yerk housewives have been prom prem ised eggs at t went j -five cents a dozen. Without adjective or qualifying phrase, we notice. Ceal strike will seen be ever, sajs Lewis. "Huh '." grunts the Chronic Grouch, "and when the coal is mined there'll be no ears te carry it." The next traffic regulation for Chest nut street, suggests one of our own earnest observers, should be te prevent the women from making a left-hand turu as they park before the shop windows. Fer the fourth time in five yenrs a Bellevue Hospital empleye has dislocated her jaw by yawning. A hospital is evi dently tee quiet a place for this victim of ennui. What she needs is a jub where something happens pccasletinlly. Governer General of the Bahamas says wealthy Americans nre buying up the smaller lslnnds nnd establishing hemes: with cellars thnt are really and truly thirst nssuagers. NVi.f,.l hetueen the islands nnd the mainland ought te provide some little occupation for Uie dry navy. Dallv alrpiane travel between England and France bus brought it ubeut that mero frogs apd snails arc consumed In Londen than in Paris. Wouldn't It be n queer quu-J; of Fnte and Time If residents of the tigbf little Island were te become known te Frenchmen as frog-eating Englishmen? When a Georgia Sen Georgia ater called another Peralitage Georgia Senuter a liar the ether day the latter gentleman promptly hit him fin the head with an Inkwell. Slightly crude repartee, but doubtless well lntentlened. He sought te prove that while truth lies In a well, it mav well be in an Inkwell it lies, and thnt Truth U given force when hurled In Us container, if you get what we mean. When Themas A. Edl- Coelt Dies seu nttended the Essex of Grief Country Club luncheon (chicken, Ice cream and sichl he carried hiH lunch with hi in' (white bread without butter In a tin box anil milk in n vacuum bottle). The dispatch doesn't mention the fact, but we just knew that the string qunitet In attendance obliged with "Come nfter brcakfuss, bring along ye' lunch nn' leave befe' supper ti-l-nie." Only Edisen could get away with It. Residents of Pleasant Stung vllle, Pa., have vainly petitioned the State De nartment of Agriculture nnd Attorney Gen eral Alter te take action against apiarists who permit bees te swarm tee Hear the borough sidewalks. Hew doth the little busy bee Improve each shining hour? it nuts the vllle In villainy end makes what's pleasant sour. It gathers honey nil the day, as poets oft have sung n..f fik In Pleasantville. Pa art sura they're) all been atung. PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, AUGUST 15, POLLUTION OF THE DELAWARE It Isn't Merely an Academle Ques tion for City Authorities, but Is a Matter Closely Affecting Our Dally Lives rnilERE wes n time when Delaware River shad was famous all Iver the Eastern part of this country. And thnt was when shad could be bought by the peer man and he and his fnmlly could sit down te n tooth some nnd plenteous dinner without spending mere for the luscious mnln dish thnn he would spend new for nn Individual piece of pie nnd cup of coffee. In the words of the immortal poet, "Them was the happy days." Thnt is only one of the points of close centnet between Philadelphia's dally life and the objects of the league formed last week te cembnt the growing menace of oil-pollution of the wnters along our Atlantic Ben Ben beard. It sounds academic te speak of the Anti-Pollution Lengue, but, ns n matter of fact, Its ebjccls enter pretty clesclv Inte the dnlly routine of a geed many Phlladclphlans. "Ds'N up any nice Saturday or Sunday te the new city bathing beach nt Torres Terres dale. Yeu will seen be convinced by the happy crowds thnt here Is n mighty profit able investment in public health nnd well being. But time yourself te get there nt certain stages of the tide and you will wonder hew nny sane person can deliberately go into such black and vllc-loeking water as flews past Its shores. There are bathing benches nil along the Delaware just ns important te the various suburban communities ns Is this one te the city. There is n strip of shore along the Sinex-Annex settlement which draws Its daily thousands from Delance and Riverside ; there are less crowded but very popular swimming places at Rlverten, Terresdnle. Beverly. Cernwelis. Burlington. Bristel and the rierence section, te say nothing of the elaborate pleasure park en Btlrllngten island. And all of these plnces nre becoming gummy and sticky and black nnd malodorous with the constantly growing deposits of thick nil upon their shores. .lust opposite the city bench nt Terresdnle is the low shore of Hnwk Island, at the mouth of the Rancocas Creek. A few years nge this shore boasted an Ideal bench of easily sloping, hard, firm sand thnt wns n delight te bathers. Today this sand is buried under the mud of many channel dredgers, and this mud hns become plentifully mixed with clinging, cloying, disgusting waste oil, nnd fresh deposits are floated up at certain stages of each tide. rpiIERE Is a commercial nspect of this pollution matter that will total well up Inte the millions in n few years. The Deln Deln ware River Bridge Is going te open up te people who nre new city dwellers all the delights of founding comfortable little henui along these pretty New .Terey shores, nnd the rise in financial values nil the wnv from Pnlmvrn te Burlington or even te Florence should be enormous. But the grent talking point in the snle of this lnnd and In Its increase In value will be its proximity te the river nnd all that that means In henlth and recreation for the wives nnd children. If the oil pollution con tinues te grew ns it has grown in the last ten years, this talking point will he null and void. Values are likely te decrease Instead of Increase, and what should be n garden spot for homes right nt our very doers Is likely te become a -disgrace te any com munity. The tipper river Is no longer prettily dotted with its lleets of pleasure beats ns It was in years gene by. Rlverten still bensts its elnli. hut Ita fleet Is nnlv'n skeleton of wlint It once wns. Beverly has abandoned N hooting altogether, and there nre e- two beats riding new off thnt former popular anchorage at Torresdale. And it is the beating, the bathing, the swimming nnd the fishing dint give the actual dellnrs-and-cents value te property along a suburban waterway. YOU can sit nil tiny new and fish even along the pilings of the trolley bridge between Delance and Riverside ever the Rnneecns nnd. If jeu lnnd a tired and dis dis ceiirnced little stunted "cntly" nfter hours of patient angling, you nre doing well. Last season the shad fsherinen did net "pay for their nets." There nre enrp nnd suckers nnd some herring and the bottom feeding scavengers of the river can still be caught down below the menace of the oil, but the day Is done when the haul of the shad net brings thnt thrilling moment when the encircled fish lirenk water and the whole surface inclesed in the nre of bobbing corks suddenly bursts into silver flame as a hun dred fine, big fellows leap and churn in a Inst desperate effort te escape the oak plank nnd the epitaph and requiem of a Bellevue bill of fnre. Memery will take the old waterman back some fifteen or mere jenrs te the dnys when the Gloucester nnd Wnshingten Park shores could be depended upon for their carloads of Hcaly beauties and when the drift nets streaked the river nil the way from Petty's island te Burlington Island and often across the very track of the Market street ferries. Tire fishermen of the lower river then had slieie winches worked by horses which plodded about peacefully in n narrow circle as the net came In until the shoal water was reached, and then what a gleaming out burst of silver there wns In the sunlight! And you could buy -your pick of them nt twenty-five cents etich net twenty-five cents a pound, but twenty-live cents for n shnd big enough for a whole family, with perhaps ten or fifteen cents ndded If it were a big roe shad. But no mere. And you could anchor your small beat anywhere above the city or down In the backwater at Essington, for that mutter and come, bnck the following week-end te find her white paint still white and her hawser or her meeting lines still fit te lie handled without the necessity for n pumice. soap nnd n reugn iewci anu net water te get the stains off before jeu dared den jour ducks for a cruise with jour friends. THERE'S a let mere thnn sentiment In such reminiscences ns these. They mean commercial value! they mean larger "lives of happiness nnd health in nn nge when the tendency Is te sleep nwav from the turmoil nnd the "twice-brenthed air" of the city uml te come te town only for business or the necessary shopping for the growing fam ily And. with the bridge looming up into reality, the lack of such things means mil lions of dollars In geed, hard cash, te say nothing of the less material considerations. Philadelphia, of all cities, should support the Anti-Pollution League nnd should wel come the election of Gilferd Pincliht te its presidency. It is possible, with adequate legislation and enforcement, te minimize the pollution nuisituee. and both ship- nnd the sewage systems of abutting towns should come within the scope of the lengue'.s efforts. The Gerilla, taut nnd Beautiful, t r 1 m - b u 1 1 1 fishing Bc.iutlful Soup schooner out from Gloucester, southeast of Nantucket HghtRhlp. bumped into n giant turlle fully neven feet long nnd weighing (never doubt it!) fifteen hundred. When a harpoon found Its soft bpet this old hard shell diver hit 'em, handed 'em his mighty Hipper, shook 'em, up nnd near upset 'em. Mighty was the hattie fought then by the tarsi and deep-sea monster; but nt last thev had and held him, towed lilm struggling into hnrber, cut him up nnd cooked him pronto. Thus we see Injustice werking: Though he fought a geed light bravely, in the soup has history placed him. Hats off te Jim Carrlgan, Liverpool Irishman, second en Jim Carrlgan Here gineer and here of the Adriatic! Hard guys are the Liverpool Teishmen who go down Inte the btelinhnMa of the Atlantic liners, for only hard guys can stand the grueling tell; nnd hard guys are their bosses, for it takes a man of parts te rule thera. Jim Carrlgan, when he risked bis life te save one of the gang that worked fe him, lived up te the tradi tions of his ship and of his raca, -s -v w. jt "rimmwmm .. Ai7r KlM f f mmimM,Mmwi -m Atehi?' y Kt .7?f -J CA- dCTTF '"" i NOW MY IDEA IS THIS 1 Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphians en Subjects They Kneiv Best ANNE HEYGATE-HALL On Summer Schools THE summer school nns many advantages both for pupils and tenchers. says Miss Anne Heygate-Hnll. executive secretary of the Philadelphia Child Welfare Federation. "The work of the summer school," said Miss Heygate-Hall. "is very different from the usual school work. The time of year a time of relaxation nnd often of cnervntlen makes systematic work very difficult . The children are with the teachers such n short time that the most important things nbeur them nre almost unknown. Tenchers knew the names and the personal appearance, but the hnbitB nnd temperament of each child cannot be understood as they should be. "The attendance Is voluntary nnd mny become lrrcgulnr nnd the discipline need net be unheld nt home, nor deeH the city law stand behind. All these things make the work difficult, but, en the ether hand, there nre great advantages. Seme of the Advantages "In the first plnee. the heurt Is in the work : no one would se tnx herself for pecuninry gain; the work becomes an net of service. 'There nre no impossible courses of study te be met. The child need net be fed with feed wholly unsulted, nor very distasteful, because of his physlcial condi tion. Generally the child comes because he wants te come, and works because he wants te work. He knows he is free, or should knew this, nnd mny regard the Bhert session as a gift which he may enjoy, "Children generally en jet the things which thev select, and If they select the summer school Instead of the summer street, they hnve put Inte the teacher's hands the gre'ntest peslble assistance. Te every teacher the first few weeks with children Is a voyage of dlsceverv. Seme tenchers keep well out In the middle of the stream, ethers pole into little nooks and around the islnuds, avoid ing the rocks nnd often gathering weed or flowers. '"Time Is net wasted when work Is en joyed without hurry. Permitting seeming idleness is sometimes a method of getting in touch with the child. The different homes from which the children come must be (.,nnrrl hv the teacher at first. The time Is short and the whole must work together te one end. Education the End "Whether regular school work or vacation achoel work, the end Is the snme a piece of education te be done, a building up of body, mind nnd behI ; n body te be dovelepcd nnd made mere graceful nnd agile by di rected exercise. "There are senses te be trained te a rapid perception of physical facts: memory te be trained te rctnln knewledge: innguage te be trained te reproduce; Imagination te be trained te mnke pictures of beauty and ideals of conduct; emotions te be trained thnt will lend te a regard for all worthy things ; will te be trained which Is ee often te decide upon the right that the right, net the wrong, will become n habit. "These habits will seen beeoine the child itself the obedient, hnppy, playing child. In all this training the teacher is but one factor, nnd her Influence is net absolute, but these considerations, Instead of discour aging her. should lead her te put forth greater efforts te overcome any resisting forces. "Indeed, the teneher should try te become the sum total of geed te the admiring chil dren. Yes, a teacher should lead the chil dren te ndreire her. Of course, subject mat ters must be studied, but In summer work, especially, the grcater rtudy should be given te the Interesting subjects nnd te nn in crease of useful happiness. Children nre mere valuable than the twine, the reed, the needle and thread. Where Laber Ts iest "The teacher who works In ignorance of these laws of human growth will find thnt much of her labor will be lest. We ex pect a cepk or laundress te work with ma ma terialseot hew much does she knew of eUker things, but does she knew hey te get 1022 ' results in the ibest wny with the 'material given her? But no piece of material is un important te the teacher. "The temptation of the teacher te ee progress is great. Parents nlse want this, but the knowing teacher wants most of nil a vigorous mind in a vigorous body and will net cram the one nor weary the ether. The child lias been bem into n beautiful world, and we should see that Ged's gifts of sky, earth, fruit, flower, stream and stone nre enjoyed, the beauty of them, the joy of tlem, the use of them. The growing memory should be stored with tilings wertli lemem berlng for their beauty nnd utility, nnd the summer schel may work te perfection nleng these lines. "Memery may be enriched nnd cultivated long before it lb taxed with tables of arith metic, dates of history and rote recitation of geegrnphy. Much arithmetic and history nnd all geography can be taken in a per fectly nntural wny, and the summer school can de this admirably. "In discipline, there Is much needful work. The children must be led te see thnt an unpleasant tnsk Is geed : that we grew by striving as the seed grows te the flower. Concrete illustrations from nature and from biography will teach tills, ns no lecturing or scolding will. The Esthetic Training "The summer work will permit much esthetic training by picture and story. The teacher must direct the effort, but the ctilld must make that effort. A teacher cannot excrcise a child's mind; she can only stimu late It. The art is te be able te mnke the child want te de, net te make him de. "Only u trained teneher with a 'warm heart nnd a love for the childten can de this. Trained, because she must work in harmony with Ged's laws of mental growth, because she must be ready for an cincrgenuv, jiibt ns nn cuginecr Is. Ne school work will run smoothly all the time; no engine will. When the emergency comes the teacher must be ready with the proper remedy , "A teacher should try te sit or stand where she can see every child in her class. I he eye must be quick. An experienced teacher, even with a large clubs, will bee any child who is net doing wlint he should, but the experienced teacher will net nhiays speak instantly of whut she sees. As a rule, teachers see the wrong mere quickly than they de the right. A child does many geed things without our notice, but few of the had ones escape. Pralse for the Children "Praise is geed for the children, even exaggerated praise for the little ones. Very bad work may be commended If It Is the best effort of the child a smile Is sometimes sufficient. "The beginnings of disobedience should be checked at once. Ne dl obedience should be tolerated in nny bchoelioom. The com fort of teacher nnd pupils Is disturbed by It nnd the safety of the pupils is risked. Children ure often disobedient bf cause the commands nre net consistent, net well con sidered, or net clenrly, decisively nnd hrlelly given. A command should net be given as a request, and a wobbly, wordy, sentimental teacher Is enough te make any child ills obedient and Inattentive. "The voice of the teacher should be clear and low, be that she may be emphatic when necessary. A loud teacher makes a nesiy schoolroom, nnd all children, who huve de fective bight or hearing should be seated where they will lie comfortable. It is well net te touch children when securing obedl ebedl obedl ence or directing movement ; If the directions be plainly spoken, they are sufficient. Ahvnys Something te De "Disorder is best destroyed by letting children have something te de and a motive for doing it. Quiet and attention are net the same thing; n class of wax figures would be quiet, but net attentive. Attention must be secured by following certain Jaws, mid the llrbt law, of course, Is interest. We give attention immediately when we are interested. "The child should be made self-respecting net self-sufficient nor vnln. Tim child , SAFETY FIRST . - , t Mi ft who respects himself will respect etbffi, will respect law nnd will respect work. "The best teachers nre net these who, il the ordinary schools ndvnnce the greatest number of children with high averages, net these In schools hnve the most orderly classes, or who show the grentest amount of handwork, but these who lend children te a .proper regard for the value of oppor tunity the pppertunity te lead te pleasun and happiness." What De Yeu Knew? QUIZ 1 Who wrote the first gulde book? 2. What State in the Union produces th most lend? .1. Of whut country is Bencs Premier? 4. Hew should his name be pronounced? R What is the act of knapping? v 6 Whnt kind of a painting Is called a Kit- cat? 7 Who waa Charles Bradlaugh? 8 Hew lenif Is n Marathon running ceurMf 9. What Is epigraphy? 10. Who were the Paladins? Answers te Yesterday's Quiz 1. "The CJreat Storm" Is the name given li history te the nbnermally severe tem pest which raged ever a large part ! Kuiepe, njid especially ever England, en November 26, 1703. . 2. The present Prince of Wales has pill four visits te the United Slates. 3. Seuth Dakota produces mere tin than any ether Stnte in the Union. 4. tdniund Ileyle, In "Twenty-four Rull for Learners," wrote "When In doubt, win the trlclt." C. The green diamond Is ranked ns the most valuable of precious stones. 0 The largest lake In Europe Is U.U Ladoga, in Ilussla, 7. Thu lightest metal known that remain! comparatively- unaltered under oral nary atmospheric conditions is maf reslum, which is only two-thirds ai heavy ns aluminum, M , 8. The expression "the thin red line" is nrtt found in the almost slmultaneeuitf published war correspondence of Hui sell nnd KInglnlce In the Crimean War. D. The Suez Cannl is thirty-five miles lenf. 10. The British colony of Barbados la th West Indies takes its name from tnt bearded fl tree, which early Portu guese) mariners saw growing In prora prera prora teon In the Island. "Barbados" Is I" plural In Portuguese, of the adjectht "barbnde," bearded. Today's Anniversaries 17fift First symptoms of "Shay's rebel Hen" developed in a convention nt Wercei ter. 1701 France received James Menree U Minister from the United Stntes. 1801 Nelsen made nn unsuccessful at tempt te destroy the French gunboats U Boulogne harbor. , . 3821' James E. Bailey,' who succeeM Andrew Jehnsen as United States Scnatef from Tennessee, born in Montgemerj County, Tenn. Died at Clnrksvllle, Tenn.( December 20, 18S5. 1817 The first postego stamps were ' ceived In Detroit. .. lMiff Rejoicing. nt Suez te celebrate M meeting of wnters of tlie Red Sen and " Mediterranean. . 11)10 King Geerge signed the Parliament Bill ratifying the peace treaty between Grent Britain nnd Germany. , ., 1021 Russlu nbellshed prohibition went en light-wine basis. Teday'a Birthdays 'Jemes Murdock, Minister of Laber In tM Dominion Cabinet, born at Brighten, Ml" land, fifty-one years age. ,, Jehn K. Shields, United States Senater from Tennessee, born at Cllnchdale, Xn, sixty-four years nge, Chnrles E. Townsend, candidate ' " nomination as United Stntes Senater ' Michigan, born at Concord, Mich., six years age. tti ' Ethel Barrymerc, one of the new nt-tresses of the Amerlcan stage, born ball Club, born In Chicago, sixty-four " I'jiiinueipnia, lerty-tnree years nu. ., I iiaries a. Uemlskcy, owner ' it of the Chlcuge American League M dent age "Delne Your Bit" In Peaca Trnrn the linden Dally Express. , .,.- The need of thu world is VreiMCWKl production needs workers. The ',,r1WJ UlllllJi JUEKJOU JO. Ulllll - ,. chnp who poses as a non-worker is a 'conscientious onjecter wmraut - jj, courage te starra. i Vf v K .
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers