P". ' iUv...... II BlBBBBBBaSBBlB TSvfpjf'i " ''$fm?w$'if$ f$&W&&& fflWm'?'! ,(T- fl,lf fii fW. l'fvy'iv ' ' ?!SwSPftWI!a m?IBH 'if-I". e s. , I' a ,-Si JRfettng IJubltc Hedges PimLIC LEDGER COMPANY P crnus ii. k. cunns, pbbsident Jehn C. Martin, Vlce Treldpnt and Treasurer: Cnarle A. Tylr, Secretary; Charles II. I.udltiB- ion, Philip H. Celllni). Jehn n. VIIllm, .lehti J. ripurBen, ueeree f. ueidsmlth, David Is. 8mll Smiley, irpciern. DaVID R, SMILEY. .Hdlter JOlnt C. MAI1T1K..., General Puslnc-a Manager . published daUy nt Public Lehekb Bulldlnc ' Independence Sciuare. Philadelphia. Atlantic Citt rrrM-t'rifen Uulldlnr Nsw Yerk .704 Miidlfen Ae Dmeir 701 Ferd HulMlns r. Lews 013 aiobe-Demecrat HulMlr.e Cuioice 1302 Tribune Uuildlnc . NEWS Ul'ItCAUS: .WiBlllNOTON Ul'SEAl', N, n. Cor. Pennsylvania Av. and Uth Pt, Hstv Yeek IH'REAU Thn Sim Hull. line Ixnden lluntAO Trafulgar Bulldlni: Si'HSCHIPTION TKHMm Th KrisiNO PtmLie Luiejra Is wri"il te iub Berlbers'ln Philadelphia, and aurreundlnc town t the rat e( lwele ll- cunts per weak, payabl te th rnr)er. .B "P."11 ,0 joints outalde of Philadelphia In wmteil statft. Can.idi. up fnlted Stnt-n ro re ro esalena, pentage free, fifty (50) cents per month, "'5. " .! delfcirs pet- enr, punM- In adwincr Te all ferelun countries nne (II t iinllnr a month Zseticb Subscriber- wlshlne adlress changed tnuat Elve old as ttell ai new addre I BELL. 3000 WAIMT Kf.YSTOM:. MlIN 1601 2" Address all commit ifrnf'ent te yvevlng PubHe t.edeer. lndtynttcncr Square, Philadelphia. Member of the Associated Press TUB ASSOCIATED rRESS ttcluHvlv en titled te the w ler , rpuMfrcitfim e nil iiru'j tHpafeftr creditrrf te it or ne: ethtneise credited In this paper, and al$e the local iicuj pubAihcd therein. All rlehta of republication e! special dispatches herein are alia reserved. I'hilidrlphla, -lurda, Ati;ul 5, 1'." DIVIDED AUTHORITY THE new Charter made the Civil Service Commission the trial heard for the ! police depart men t en the theory that It I Would prevent pelitiial influence In thn pun I lshmcnt of policemen. What It lias done is te prevent the Direc i ter of l'uhlle Safety from exercising effec. ' tlve authority ecr the men under him And what Ir has net done Is te prevent the Intrusion of politics Inte the control of th'c police The Civil Service Commission is n politi cal body. Theoretically, no partisan or fac tional political considerations nffect Its 1 decisions, but there Is no sophisticated I observer in the city who Is unaware of the evidence that such considerations de enter ' Inte decisions. I JThc commission is the creature of the City Council. Its' members were selected because of their political affiliations, and the 'Council knew what it was doing when it elected the Commissieners: and why t was doing it. The result has been te create a division of authority ever the police and te enable officers, charged by their .superiors with of fenses that justify discipline, even te the I extent of dismissal, te simp their lingers In the. faces of the Direc ter of Public Safety 'ttOm behind the backs of the Cull Service Commissioners. STABILIZE THE WEATHER Ilr IT were nor for fear lest we should -grieve Mr. Wis, of the local Weather Bureau, even te the point of saturation, we should like te discus, at length a sugges tion that has been made for stabilizing the weather. Under the circumstance-) we sh.ill have te content ourselves with a brief out line of the plan and with a comment or two. The plan, susgested by a man who has Studied Prof. Irving Fisher's proposals for stabilizing the dollar, is that the tempera ture shall be kept uniform by theoretically extracting a certain amount of mercury trSa the thermometer when the sun is het anj adding a certain amount when the sun withdraws Itself from this part of the world. SHtJthematicians could compute te the frac tion of a grain the amount which would have te be withdrawn or added se that the thefrmemeter would always register, say, 70 degrees above zero, or any ether number of degrees which by common consent should be satisfactory. la order te secure the adoption of this plan the organization of n Stable Weather 'League is proposed. The league would have lts'agents in Washington instructed te use lalt-the means known te expert ititluencers ef-legislntinn te induce Congress te puss the 1 necessary laws. The plan ought te appeal very strongly te formers, who are as aggrieved by the un certainties of the weather as by the tlu Uiu Uiu tlens In the purchasing power of the dollar. and would like te have it stabilized. The 'lavtf could provide that the temperature as recorded by the thermometer should be at the-exact degree best suited te the raiding of crops. There might be s0me difficulty in coming te an agreement en the proper tem pcfilturc, as some crops grew better when It is very het and ethers grew better when it Is i cooler. Hut it i net beyond the in genuity of Congress te devise a system of regiennl temperatures after the manner of th regional Federal Reserve IJ.iuks. Perhaps the influence of Prof. FNIier with the- members of the faculty of V.ile I'ni vefsity is strong enough te induce the meteorologists there te indorse the tem- 1 peruture-stabillzing plan. If this be se, then there is no doubt whatsoever of its late. ALICE ROBERTSON WINS THE renomlnatien of Miss Ahce Hubert con by the Republicans in the Si cend '"Oklahoma District indicates that she is a better politician than Jeanette Rnnlun. Miss Haul.in, of Mentana, served only one term nnd ceulu nut get the nomination te teiinck again. She did net de much while hf was in Washington and seemid te feel that she hardly belonged there. Miss Robertsen, who is n much elder WeTtian with greater experience in life, has conducted herself with dignity, nnd has had the courage te evpress her convictions and te vote in neterujnee wim mem. miu ims mitfle as geed u record in her first term as any of the men who entered Congress With her. The reason for (he difference between her record and thut of Miss Rankin may arise from the fait that Miss Rankin had been mere deeply Interested In se urlng votes for V$ncn than in the questions with which Congress deals. Miss Robertsen was op posed te women suffrage, but she had a deep interest in public questions. Her Oklahoma constituents apparently lire pleased with what she has accomplished. Otherwise the,y would net have asked her te represent them In Washington for two mere jears. ' PASSPORT EXTORTION r iniILE the cost or passports is unlikely l. W te deter any heroic traveler contem centem I'j'MiJtttlnB for business or pleasure a trip i' yfrnil. the nrcsent high charge is neverthe- $a one of the many irritations Incident te tVeinn travel of the present day. iThe Increase from two or three dollars te tn. wnri made by the Government at a time Ve restriction miinlu was nt its height. f k...aa..Au fnWklffll fl f V i f f 1 I II . tl U llfl.t .1... iUlCO Jlv-lVUlin vwb sw. v. vitw iiitii in-- irftilneuly pet out te vex anil tax tne aveler. It was perhaps deemed lining in ft E JVi K If yVkshlngten te join the nuUnnre brigade. '-,Wlren the foreign vise enarges are nuclei te Che Amerlcun passport 0111, tue prospective ir?? traveler requires all the stoicism nt his Baanu te waru uu iur jumevs ui uis- D sMbusment. '.Mil autherising a pattlal mitigation of - - - , . . m il. k . . ula aultmac. 'liFesi.J. 1 r i7-t-" lean Government's share in It Is concerned, nnd a reduction In United States passport costs Is new pending in Congress. The Heard of Trade of this city has seized this opportunity te present a memorial en the subject te the Senate nnd Heuse, urging the prompt passage of the bill. It is te be hoped that this petition will be followed by many ethers throughout the country. The crnze for ever-regulation has unquestionably retarded the development of after-war travel and commerce. The ac tual expense involved is merely one fea ture of an elaborately complicated system of exasperating formalities Inspections nnd inquisitions, productive of protracted de lays nnd a general crippling of enterprise. ARE THE RAILROADS TO LOSE SUPPORT OF PUBLIC OPINION? They Ignore the Main Issue When They Insist en Quibbling Over Senior ity Rights of the Shepmen ny (;i:eRc.i-: nex McCain rpiIK refusal of the railroad executives te -- accept in full President Harding's plans for n settlement of the strike has, apparently, once mere left the situation as high as C.llderey's kite. The striking shepmen by accepting the terms, even though reluctantly as they put it, have placed the burden of responsibility en the railroads and leaves them In an Illogical position. The first of Mr, Harding's prepositions was : "Railroad managers and workmen are te agree te recognize the validity of all decisions of the Railroad Laber Heard, and te faithfully carry out such decisions as contemplated by the law." The railroad executives by agreeing te this have obligated themselves te observe the mandates of a Federal body which they were the first te Hout. and whose decisions they detiuntly disregarded. It was long after the railroads' refusal te recognize the Laber Beard's decision that the shepmen decided te fellow suit. In fact the railroad managers by their example net only encouraged the shepmen te 6lmllar action, but showed them the way te de It, By rejecting President Harding's condi tions the railroad executives hnve .assumed an untenable position. It Is Illogical. Thev hae agreed te accept nnd obey the Railroad Laber Heard's future decisions en all subjects. Necessarily this includes net only the flucst.ens of wages and conditions, but of seniority n well. The seniority issue, however, they de clare, in se many words, must be made an issue separate and apart and one that must be fought te a finish new. In efliclul railroad circles the theory is maintained that if there Is any yielding te the striking shepmen en the seniority question new, it will be only a question of time until ether strikes among ether classes of workmen will drag this same issue again into the limelight. The strikers have expressed a desire te end the' strike. The question of seniority rights and pension alone Interferes. As te the matter of pensions, the men have already contributed te this fund nnd form of protection, some of them for many ears, and it is a nice point whether or net the in surance laws are applicable in this Instance, in the sense of a paid-up policy value te each Individual case. New the danger of a great crisis impends. It could have been ae!ded had the rail road executives taken a less dratle course in dcjillng with the subject; if they had de clared, after Secretary Hoever's urgent ap peal, that they accepted President Harding's preposition with the distinct understanding that the seniority Issue must be decided Im mediately by the Laber Heard and likewise the status of the new men. If, in such event, the beard's decision had been adverse te the shepmen and they had again refused te accept the decision, thpn the railroads could have demanded thnt the full power of the (levernment be made effective in ending an Intolerable situation. And public sentiment would have been behind the railroads like a wall of adamant. It is apparent that the railroads have decided te force the seniority issue and compel the Government te bring nil its power te command a settlement in their favor. Until new public opinion has been overwhelmingly with the railroads; It will be an unfortunate day when the public withdraws its moral support from any cause they advocate. HOW CAN HENRY DO IT? HLNRY FRL, who has been charged with defjlng economic lawj and making money by it, is up against u situation which may test his abilities mere severely than they were tested when he saved his enter prise from the Wall Street bankers by rais ing .."0, 000,000 out of his own plant. It is said that he hns a supply of coal sufficient te run his Detroit factory for only fourteen days. He wus hastening back home this week se fast that he was nr rested in n New Yerk village for speeding. Presumably be wanted te get en the ground in order te tell his managers hew te run the factory without coal. That the factory will close is net expected by any one. Henry will find some way te keep it going. If he cannot get along with out coal it Is within the hounds of possi bility that he will buy n coal mine and show the operators hew te get coal out of the ground en a continuous belt which pours it into railroad cars that pull away from the mouth of the mine shaft nt the rate of one n minute, just us his completed moterclirs run out into the yard of his fac fac terv at the :ne rate. He will de some thing. It will be Interesting nnd perhaps instructive te see what he does. STILL ANOTHER OVERLORD? WHEN Ovid In A. I). 8 was banished from Heme for having published his frank "Ars Amuterla" the M-xed question of censorship in literature wus old. By a com paratively slight exercise of the imagina tion, it can be traced back te Mesopotamia und the Tree of Knowledge. In the light, therefore, of quite n num ber of centuries, it Is extremely improbable that the voluntary movement of some New Yerk publishers te submit themselves te the decisions of a single overlord or a jury, commissioned te pass upon writings of al leged dubious moral import, te delete of fensive portions or te suppress the work altogether, if Its obliquity he pronounced, will permanently dlspete of a historical con troversy. Hen should the self-imposed consers'hip be strict, Its cenlinement te new productions of the se-called jeuuger school of writers is indirect sanction of certain well-known specimens of the classics, which might be mentioned here but will net be, It Is a difficult problem that Jehn 8. EVENING gPTJBBIC fDEDGER Sumner", wcretary of the New Yerk Society for the Suppression of Vice, la seeking te solve. His letter en the subject, addressed te the Authers' League, was obviously In spired in part by professional zeal, In part by n publishers' movement against deliber ate trafficking In salacity and In part by the predilection of the American public te take orders from dynasts, Will Hays, Judge Lnndls nnd Augustus Themas representing the popular type. Se far as certain publishers are concerned, It is easy te credit the sincerity of their views regarding the capitalization of the pornographic and skirting upon thin moral ice as a source of Income. Cupidity of that sort usually means the ever-exploitation of bad art ns well as an offense te convention alized instincts of decency. Hut surely n publisher, even one of very ordinary wit and Intelligence, should be capable of detecting the se-called insidious practices and marketable Innuendoes of trie "younger writers,'' An nutecrnt of modern literature cannot enforce his decrees against habitues of side side side deer entrances te notoriety nnd shekels. A publisher Inclined te obey the mandates of an overlord will be competent enough te need none. HOLLOW HEROICS THE devil, it is said, can cite Scripture for his own purpose. Geed sentences have fallen, tee, from the lips of oppor tunists, demagogues and professional mar mar peots. Unexceptionable, for instance, arc Senater Berah's words concerning the inti mate moral relationship of European dis armament te the vexed question of the debt te America, It is the mouthpiece for these tine phrases that Is disconcerting, net te say impudent. "Any scheme," thunders the Senater from Idaho, "for the cancellation of debts which does net disclose beyond question thnt it will result in reducing land nnd sen forces is net in the interest of peace, but in the interest of war, and net in the in terest of humanity, but in the Interest of murder," With this sentiment, if hardly with such florid expression, many Americans are un questionably in accord. They would be In clined te agree aUe In Mr. Berah's direct appeal for "a practical plan of disarma ment." But by what right, of ethics or politics ders Mr. Berah assume the championship of this cause? It was a "practical plan of disarmament." the most comprehensive ever proposed, which was the underlying purpose of the League of Nations, in the rejection of which by the United States Mr. Berah played se conspicuous and inflammable a role. While it is true that he suggested a naval reduction agreement between the major sea Powers, the development of that Idea nnd the conversion of a fancy into fact filled him with ostensible indignation. The treaties of the Washington Confer ence were interpreted by him ns fertilizers of war. He fought these epoch-making pacts with a virulence unci an intensity suppressed eventually only by the over whelming votes of his fellow Senators. And jet today he surveys with melo dramatic alarm the scene of armed estab lishments in Europe and is moved te theatric distress OVer foreign delas in the ratification of conventions, passed here in spite of his utmost efforts te wreck them. If pieposteteuH inconsistency. Insincerity nnd gall enn be carried beyond this point it has net lately been exhibited, even In the Senate of the United States. Mr. Berah has Ions since forfeited the right te espouse the noble cause of world disarmament. If he deems his voice as that of one crIng In the wilderness, it is a wilderness largely of his own making. SHORT CUTS Missouri has a chance te retrieve her geed name in November. Happily everybody seems willing te go ever the top with D'Olier. Werk en n plucking benrtl nevjr wins a man a feather for his cap. As the Mayer and Director see it, it is an Uncivil Service Commission. Congratulations! Shake, Gasoline down two cents n gal. old pal ! The one really serious mistake an ex ecutive can make is te reverse himself. Perhaps it is the length of legislative days that brings about legislative daze. ' .lust for a minute telephones the coun try ever knew the silence of death yester day. Can it be that the local police depart ment is suffering from sins of emission and Commission? The fact that the Irish irregulnrs have had their left wing broken by the Free State forces imperils their flight. An Iowa clay products company Is firing iUs brick kilns with corn. Driving 'em back te the mines with Missouri cobs. A new geld belt has been discovered in the Trnnsvnul. That menns that some prospectors are going te tighten theirs. It Is ndmittedly a hard coal proposi preposi tion that anthracite operators and miners v, HI face at their conference here next week. The trouble with the game of automo bile tag between Pennsylvania and New Jersey Is that both players are forever "it." Henry Ferd hns been fined $30 for speeding, Ami we even can't get n smile out of the fact that he didn't make the car he drove. A Junker's airplane piloted by Herr Gette Is en its way from Berlin te Moscow, What is there about this Item te suggest Deem? Democratic willingness te vote en the tariff predicates a disposition te believe that its pnssnge will hurt Republicans in the next campaign. There is as yet no evidence of any body connected with the coal or rail busi ness heaping coals of fire en the heads of adversaries. There is no truth In the rumor that Twe Feathers, which wen the Pittsficld Handicap nt Saratoga, escaped from the plucking beard. , Carriers deny equipment is deterior ating. Strikers deny men are returning te work. Honors (or nlleged dlshonera) even for rival press bureaus. Man discovered In Palm Beach starving with S.'IT.'KM) In cash in his clothes. Aston ishing ! The amount should have been geed for two or three meals an hew. Kansas women voters seem te be level headed, remarked Demosthenes McGlnnls, All the women candidates for office were defeated, Isn't he the cynical cuss? Said one of the two girl stowaways found en the Majestic, "The captain is'n regular old dear, but the ship's cook is the most wonderful man I ever baw." This seems te indicate the age of the girls. They have net yet lest their appetites. - PHIESaDEEPHIA,f SATUBDXY, &TTOTST 5, SIMON CAMERON'S STORY The Country Printer's Devil Who Became a Senater and a Secretary of War His Fistic Encounter With Senater ' Feete Other Odd Episodes ny GEORGE (NOX McCAIN SIMON CAMEllONUs the great outstand ing political figurcfln the nineteenth cen tury history of Pennsylvania, And yet no intimate and comprehensive story of his life has been written. His prominence 1st due net only te his multifarious and dramatic activities covering n period of almost twenty years, but from the fact that he survived the vicissitudes of his career te the grent nge of ninety years. He was n child wlnm Jeffersen and Adams were the leading political characters in the early life of the Natien. He was n personal! friend of Presidents Jncksen nnd Vnn Buncn. He succeeded James Buchanan in the Senate of the United fStatcs from this State. Webster, Benten nnd Calhoun were his col leagues in that body. Lincoln was his pcrsennl friend, and hu became a member of his Cabinet. His life, measured toy his partisan activi ties, has been witheuit an equal in the his tory of this State. HE WAS a mixture of Scottish and Ger man bleed. His father was n Scetchmnn and his mother the descendant of German immi grants who settled lit Lancaster County. His father dying wb.en Simen was but ten years of ng'c left his family, which was a large one, in the most straitened circum stances. All the children wlie were able te work were compelled te arid In support of the family. The only education tthe boy received in his early years was what his mother was able te teach him from borrowed books. Yeung Cameren's first regular employ ment was that of eCice boy for a Siinbury doctor, for the family Jiad removed te North umberland County shivtly before his father's death. In one leading respect Simen Cameren re sembled Abraham Lincoln ; his desire for an education. Te fulfill! that desire he ap prenticed himself te the publisher of the Northumberland Comity Gazette at the age of sixteen te learn ths printing trade. After a year the 9azette was forced te suspend, and then, wtlth his wardrobe In a handkerchief, the boy walked te Harrlsburg and found a place en the Harrlsburg Re publican. TN HARRISBURG fhe made the acquelnt-J- ance of Secretary of State Ingham, after ward President Jackwon's Secretary of the Treasury. A serious split nmeng the Democrats of Bucks County had endangered Democratic success in the State, nnd Ingham, finding young Cameren te be an intelligent, active chap, induced him te go te Doylestown and edit the Democrat chirliig the ensuing cam paign. He did se nnd in nddltien helped te man age the campaign and unite the warring factions. It was his first vcaiture into the realm of practical politics. Having scraped together $100, he went te Washington aiuf secured n position en the Glebe, nnd ns he subsequently said : "By the light of tallow dips I helped te set up for twenty ccjits a thousand the dully record of the preceislings of the Congress of which, then little dreamed, I was in later years te become a member." AN EPISODE in tthe life of Cameren when he entered the Senate as the successor of James Buchanan, who subsequently became President of the United States, has been forgotten in the lnitte of years. He was very susceptible te criticism nnd resented nny Imputation upon his pcrsennl or political honesty). In this respect he was supersensitive, particularly en tha subject of his political integrity, due te (the frequent charges of chicanery brought iiigainst him by his op ponents, and with considerable basis of fact. The United Stairs Senate, notwithstand ing the brilliancy erf its membership in these days, was frequently the scene of turmoil. In the course off debate one day Senater Feete, of Mississippi, addressed Senater Cameren in luugu'igc which the latter re garded ns insulting! and offensive. Cameren sprang, from his seat, rushed nt Feete and knocked,1 him down. it was In the period when duels were resorted te for thei settlement of points of honor. Feete had a rerpitntien ns a duelist nnd had fought several Hvlth success, Instantly the meiribers of the Senate vis ualized another duelwith Feete nnd Cameren ns the principals. Te their great ,surprlse, however, the Southerner promptly acknowledged his error, apologized for the lttsult and the affair ended In the most amicable fashleu. THE story of hew Senater Cameren came te be Secretars of War in President Lincoln's Cabinet is related by the late Colonel-James II. .Lambert, who had the story from Cameren! own lips. "Before his inauguration, Mr. Lincoln sent for General Cameren te conic te .Spring field for a conference. He went, nnd they discussed the sltunMen in all its bearings. Mr. Lincoln hnd previously placed at Gen eral Cameren's disposal the Secretaryship of the Treasury when his Cabinet should be formed. At this (conference Mr. Lincoln bald : " 'Chase is a vciry ambitious man and .is being s-trengly urg;d for a pluce in the Cabinet.' " 'The War Dercirtment is the place for n man who desires ;te make a great reputa tion,' was the reply. " 'Why?' asked Mr. Lincoln. " 'Because we ere going te have war,' responded Mr. Cameren. 'Your election will precipitate a civlL war, and a man who is ambitious can mnfce all the reputation he wants at the head of the War Office.' "President Lincoln made General Culneren his Secretary of Vt'ur. The latter held the portfolio of that department for ten months. lie wanted te ado,pt effective measures for putting down rebellion. Chase and Seward held ether views, and se he resigned. ue wns at once tendemd and accepted the Rus sian mission. "At the Court of St. Petersburg he wns able te perferin nervlces of the first im portance te his ctwntry, the full U!ue of which Is known enQy te these familiar with the becret of the Cavil War." SIMON CAMERON'S greatest service te his country wns the manner in which he assisted In the rcmominatien of Abraham Lincoln te the presidency. Returning te thu United States in 180.1, Cameren found President Lincoln perturbed and anxious about tthe schemes then en feet te prevent his renolminntien. Three of the members of his Cabinet were planning te buccc1' him, while Jehn C. Fre mont, H. Grntz llrewn, Lucius Robinson, Wendell Phillips and ether opponents of his nniiiv were cetntng reauy te no ci n ponven. tlen te nominate Independent Republican candidates for .President and Vice President. Mr. Lincoln, turned te General Cameren as ene in whmse political tact and acumen he had full confidence for soiue plan thnt would bring these schemes te naught. (Jencral Cnrneren told him hew he had helped te werlt up a popular sentiment in favor of a becimd term for General Jacksen by having tlne State Legislatures Indorse him, and ns 1ii (Lincoln) ulready had popu lar, opinion eji his side, there should be no trouble In scrurlng an indersement of his Administration by thn loyal Legislatures which would cffectlvely block any attempt te prevent hlnlrenonilnatIen. President Lincoln was much taken with the ideu, Cameren hastened te Harrlsburg nnd bectired the signatures of all the Repub lican ineinberrt of the Legislature te u reso lution urging Mr. Lincoln's re-election. Muny ether Northern States followed the example of '.Pennsylvania, the opposition melted away .nnd Lincoln was renemlnsted. NOW MY IDEA IS THIS! Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia en Subjects They Kneiv Best T STANLEY H. ROSE On the Value of Foreign Trade IN THE foreign trade of a nation, State or city lies much of its material pros perity, nnd it is n thing which should be encouraged te the utmost, snys Stanley II. Rese, manager of the foreign sales depart ment of the Barber Asphalt Company. "I sometimes wonder," snid Mr. Ree, "whether the average Philadelphian or even the average business mnn In our city real izes the importance of foreign trade, net only te the Natien at large, but te the State, tn the citv nnd te the individual citizen. Foreign trade te many is still n vague term, implying some incidental business done by n few firms who have surplus stocks en hand which thev wish te unload upon the far away inhabitants of Seuth America or China or Timbuctoo. Te some of these people for eign exchange with its rise nnd fall Is but n speculative game played by the bankers te make jneney for themselves nnd te lese it for the tired business man. "However, insistent and continuous geed work en the part of the United Stntes Department of Commerce, the establishment of foreign trade burenus in our commercial organizations and the starting of foreign trade classes In our educational institutions, ns well ns the heroic work being done by Philadelphia's shipping men te give our pert a larger degree of importance, is gradually though slowly calling the nttentien of the average Philadelphian te foreign trade and its benefits. Philadelphia In Foreign Trade "The fact is that Philadelphia has always plaved n big part in the foreign trade of the Natien ever since the time that the geed ship Jehn sailed for the River Plate in October, 1708, from the feet of A nlnut street. "Philadelphia manufactures can be found in cverv part of the world, and at this time men from Philadelphia representing large Philadelphia corporations and linns nre actually traveling through Japan, China, Mexico, Australia. Africa and Europe sell ing American merchandise, securing ceutrncts for American engineering and incidentally advertising and boosting our own city and pert. "Were It possible by means of long-distance radio telescopes te leek across the oceans and continents, we might see these Philadelphia foreign trade emissaries rid ng en the 'bund' nt Yokohama in, their jin rickshas, from town te town in Arnbia by camel, nmeng the Seuth Sen Islands by out rigger native canoe nnd ncress the Seuth American ranges by mule or donkey. "Apart from the utility of foreign trade te the Natien nnd its necessity te our eco nomic life, It has a romance nil its own and without doubt provides for our young men n means of prnctical world education which, I might almost say, is priceless. Other nations hnve realized this long age nnd con sider no voting man's educntien finished un less he ims visited at least two vor three foreign countries and has ncquircd at least one language besides his own. "We have ninde some progress in this latter respect ourselves, and nt many of our educational Institutions foreign trade classes hnve been formed and foreign languages am being taught, but this U still being dene in a bnlf-hearted way. Hew many of our eung men have trnveled abroad and have first-hand knowledge of foreign markets, for eign peoples and foreign customs? Distances Annihilated "Leaving Philadelphia nfter breakfast en n Saturdav, one can arrive in Havana in time for lunch en the following Tuesday, in Mexico City en Thursduy or In Paris en Frldav. In les than one week one can be in 'the capital city of a foreign country, .nn Etiwiv the foreigner and his methods in his own home nnd learn his langunge under ideal conditions. Yet hew mnny of us take advantage of this uncqunled educntien lying virtually at our very deer? "True, every steamer sailing from these dieres, especially during The summer months, is crowded te capacity, but, after all, SO per cent of these ocean travelers nre tourists, who with their Baedeker In hnnd will rush through Europe te see as mnny cathedrals ns possible, visit ns mnny cabarets ns pos sible and sample as many 'bolssens' ns pos- "Se much for the educational vnltie te the indlvldunl of foreign trnvel and of denllng with the foreigner en foreign soil and In foreign surroundings. "As te the value of foreign trade te the city, te the State and te the Natien, this can easily be seen when it Is realized that our experts alone te foreign countries amounted te $7.1120,425,9110 in .1011) und te ,$8,22S, 010,!I07 in 1020. These amounts cover many commodities and nre spread ever many Indus trial renters, but large manufacturing cities Ilk. 'Philadelphia, which rightly calls i&U 1922 LITTLE BY LITTLE The Workshop of the World,' share very considerably in the grand total. "It is clenr that such nn immense market ns Is represented by the many foreign coun tries which arc customers of the United States offers n wonderful safetv vnlve te our domestic factories in that it net only provides n ready output for our ever-production, but a means of keeping our factories going during dull times in our domestic busi ness. Saved by Foreign Trade "In the recent slump of trade throughout the country many n facterv has been saved from disaster nnd total obliteration bv its foreign trade nnd by its nbilitv te keep its wheels turning, its furnnces smoking nnd its men working almost entirely from orders received from Rie de Janeiro. Yokohama, Melbourne, Singnpere. Johannesburg nnd many ether points en the eastern as well as the western hemisphere. "As regards the actual technique of for eign trade, neither foreign selling nor the handling of foreign business nt this end presents nny great difficulties nr anv insur mountable mysteries. Like domestic busi ness the handling of foreign business Is largely based en common sense, hut it does necessitate a-higher and wider education than may be necessary for the domestic trade. "While,, ns I said before, there nre great numbers of successful American representa tives nbread initiating and upholding trade with the home country, there are remarkably few reauy enient foreign trade experts available as expert managers, as vice presi dents in charge of foreign business or ns managers of their own overseas trade. Foreign Manager's Troubles "The average domestic sales manager feels like the proverbial 'hull in the chirm shop when he suddenly finds himself confronted with foreign orders entailing calculations In marks, in francs, in sucres, in yen, in tnels or in sterling. His 'sang freld' first leaves him when he sees n Venezuelan consular in voice, nn Argentine certificate of origin, a New Zealand anti-dumping clause. "Ills correspondence with his foreign prospect or customer i difficult, ns he has net the first -hnnd knowledge of the foreigner's point of view and (he foreigner's cede of business, knowledge which can enlv be prop erly gained by foreign trnvel. However, we nre learning nnd cverv day brings ns nearer te thinking mid ncting internationally as well ns nationally and te realize that we 'need the foreigner and his business quite as much ns he needs us. "Philadelphia, through its Chamber of Commerce, its Commercial Museum, Its Expert Club, Its new Ocean Traffic Burenu nnd Its feveign trade banks, is daily drawing a wider circle of foreign visitors nnd foreign inquiries te Its boundaries, and with this spread of interest In foreign trade our city nnd our pert cannot help but largely benefit and prosper." Declaring that the Imitation Is Chilean Government had Net Flattering no right te negotiate in Washington n treaty with' Peru in the mutter of the Tacna Arlca dispute without first consulting the Sennte, Chilean Senators have protested se violently that the Ministry hns resigned, Considering thnt he fathered the treaty this suddens Uncle Sam ; and considering further that the United Stntes Senate set the fash ion In the matter of upsetting treaties, it embarrasses him, Lloyd (Jenrge Ih confident thnt questions at issnet between England and France will be settled nmlcablv at his conference with Pelncare next week. Though things de net lwajs come out as lie plnus, It innv he that the world has reason te be grateful for his optimism. A certain quip voiced by Themas R. Marshall and ascribed te Mark Twain has new been foisted upon the Danburv News man in the seventies. Backward, eh back ward, etc.! ."What Paradise needs," queth Adam te Eve, "is a geed live-cent cigar." If miners and operators fail te agree en Monday, the Governors of all coal-preduclnc States will meet in Columbus, fl., te sett e upon a plan of action. Curious, isn't it that we shall have te depend en the gover nors If the flywheel doesn't start. Mnplewoed, N. J., Iceman despises the X-ray. It discovered remising (ls tummy a wedding ilng he was accused ,f taking, And new what 11 i me doctors ,.,, ,!! a shame. Ain't science te him is a sin am wonderful? Perhaps coal and rail recalcitrants will view the President's efforts town Let ,' ment mere favorably when they uotlce tl at he Is toting a really hefty club. 1.. ': ,t What De Yeu Knew? QUIZ 1. What Is meant when a person Is de scribed ns a Dr. Pnngless? 2. What were the curule chairs? 3. N'amu live provinces in Canada. 4. What is the standard length of a stick ' of spaghetti? 5 What Is a sumpter-herse? . What Is "feel's geld" 7 7. Who Is Alice Robertsen? K. Hew did mansard reefs net their name? 0. Who wrete tlie "Hymn of Hate" against England? 10. What Is the name of the points of a crescent moon? Answers te Yesterday's Quiz 1. Leuis Braille devised In 1829 Ills point system et writing for the Wind, tha reading of which is done through th lingers. Braille, who wns hlmwlf mind from his third year, was horn In France in 180fi and died In 1852. 2. Bleemers take their name from Amelia JcnKs Bleemer, an American reformer. She was n prominent advocate of woman suffrage, but Is chiefly remem bered for her enthusiastic adoption of . Lhe bloomer costume, erlglnnllv de Msec! and Introduced by Mrs. Elizabeth .Smith Miller. Amelia Bleemer was born In Hemer, N Y in 1818 and died In 1894. 3. The largest city of the American tropics Is Hie de Janeiro, Brazil, with a population of nbeut a million. 4 Centrifugal force Is force directing or tending away from a center. Cen- . trlpetal ferce is ferce directing, tend- r .JJinif t drawlni? toward a center. 6 The Battle of Blenheim, which takes III name from n vlllnge In Western Ba varia, en the Danube, was fought in 1 ,04 and resulted In n decisive victory of the allied English. German. Dutch nnd Danish forces under the Duke of -Marlborough and Prince Eugene ever the French and Bavarians under Tal lard. C. Senater Swan-en Is from Virginia. 7. Dien Beuclcnult (1822-1890) was a noted 1!?h"Amt''',can dramatist, uuther of "The Colleen Bawn," etc. . 8. The word buccaneer Is erlfjlnally derived from the Caribbee Indian "buenn," te sme te or roast meat ; also the name of the meat and the place where It Is smoked. The name "beucanler" was applied te these French adventurers In the Aest indies in the sixteenth cen turv who smoked ment In the Carlbbe style and also hunted the wild cattle producing that men They established a trade in thu skins of the cattle. This commerce was eventually transformed Inte piracy, and pirates In the West Indies bore the name of "beucinler," or, in English, buccaneers. 9. Grumbleteniun wns the name given te the opposition party in England after th resolution of 1089. It became a politi cal nickname for representatives of the landed Interest, mostly Teries, who wcrn Ill-disposed toward William III. 10. Woedohuck Is another name for thi i groundhog Taxing Fetish Frem thn SprlncllcM Itcpcbllcan. The dlsplny of nn "old straw hnt" in the course of the tariff debate is a reminder thnt there Is no point mere vulnerable than summer headgear te the devastating effects of n consumers' strike. A new straw hat every June is an American fetish, but even n fetish bheuld net be taxed te death. Taking an Early Plunge I'rem thn Sllcesten (Me,) standard. Cape Girardeau was the bcene of a renl kid wedding the ether day. The bride was sixteen, the bridegroom eighteen, the best man sixteen, the bildcsmuld seventeen, the flower girl six and the minister nineteen. If there Is anything In this mnrry-jeung-nnd-bc-linppy idea these young people have taken every precaution. An Indian Story of Creation FIRST there was water, Water alone, Nn mountain, no canyon, no tree, Ne, stone. Then thn Persen sent for the Otter And Duck, And the bright-eyed Beaver Toe, for luck. . "Dlve down (e the bottom Under the seu And bring up some mud din Here te me," The Persen said angrily Te these three. Duck went in quickly, Badly he choked, The Otter sank headlong He was soaked. The Beaver went down Until he saw A piece of red mud Which he brought In his pnw Te the Persen, who took It In his hnnd, Let It run through his fingers Inte mountains nf sand. That Persen, who was he That did te? Perhaps It wus "Nixnt," Eds Leu Walten la the Pactta Reri i i. 1 vtV t Ns; jV m ..! ,ie .. . '
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers