IKij , , lr?x ffl w M LefUJRLIC LEDGER COMPANY IttROB H. K. CURTIS, Prmiebkt C. Martin, vice FreMiient ami Treasurer! I A. Tvler. Rrlrirrt fhnrlpa IT. l.lliltnff- fillip H. Celtlni. Jehn It. WlllUmn. Jehn J. wa. atom F. Goldsmith. David E. Smiley, br. zi H. SMTT.KT .Editor C. MARTIN... .Ocnfral Bmlnmii Minfr I'tfcVir " ,lB rvl utt"J ki lui.iu 4-fiixir.a uv tViS ! Independent Square, 1'hlladclphl rv.iMtiKTin Citt rre-r(en ,"i'fcFSw, Yerk , .1(14 Mnd ttfiJBfraetT 701 I-enl Mtahl dally at rcnue Lr.mr.a Dulldinic Ulli ila. Hull'llnr dlffen Ave. Jlull.lInK 013 Qiabe-fiemecmt llulldinc 1.102 Tribune Bulldlne JaiUfeJj, N. T fur. Pennsylvania Ave. and 14th St. MIIM 'ion niiuKtu i nn wim uumiing :VIOtf Ucurjit! TrnfaUnr nulldlnK f7aT M.'llsCltll'TtON Ti:H.Vs . ES'iMffhe EtBNlKO rcniic i.ntxiKit is served te sun Wrstmllt n l'hllndcliihli. nnd .lurreumlltic towns rvlil'. I'Mt' (it lrle (1) cmtj per week, payable 'lilt "" Points outslde of Philadelphia In mf I'n'ifM .inte. ' nnnun. (" rniiPii Mints pns pns '.uslens, pestsite free, fifty (."0) cents pr month, t'flft till) ilnll-irs per e-r, payn'ilv :! mly-inr Iff -Tn all fnrlrn reuntrli's nii (II) ilellnr a month. . Norten Sutscrlbern wishing addrenn changed Matt Elve old as well nn hew nddresi. PL ST.' ' Mt&Ad, JMO WALNUT KKYSTONE, JfAIV M01 Addrtss nil romintiiilceflons te Frenlne Publle h Lrducr, Independence Ntjuare, Philadelphia. IdUvatche fitwlAfa tidlirr. and atsu the local uiitff utibH&htd Mhrrttn. I, till rtehlx e republication of special dlpatchi herein are alto reserved. l'lilldcli!ila. Tnr.J.iy, Jul; 25. 1922 THE TAX RATE BUGABOO W rested Increase (if the tnx rnte Is sup- lujrrpil hr ii candid mid specific survey of municipal llnnnces which ennnet full te ca?ry conviction te nil persons snve thee -rftse vision Is net obscured liy fnctlennl prejudice. Mr. Moere's warning njilnst excessive gppret rliitlniiH for county departments Is pertinent nntl well timed. The joint juris diction of iiiinty mid iiiiiniclpiility In this 'clly has long heen irere thiin n source of BiWilnlsf'iflvn tnierllultv. In the present Situation machine control of the county ' enjrps Is cnpltnlb.ed by nntl-AdinliiMratlen fetces te einlmrrnss the city departments and obstruct their just claims for adequate financial support. 4The Mayer has clearly proved that the municipality will net be financially crippled If appropriations fiv the county bureaus are 'kept .within bounds. His report, in which thj dubious isnirsc of ' 'short clrcultlnc np np pijiprlatlens and depending upon transfers ml extrnei (Unary n Ipts te make up the .dejiclrni'les at the end of the year" is cm plfntlcally censured, is a model of well rrni cd, definite inforinatlen. The tax-fate bugaboo Is an old expedient xfeiv disturbing public opinion and eliciting ,ltn disapproval of these political elements surhJcli nppc.ir te bear the hlnmc for a threat nd Increase. In his citation of the prac tical and Important Improvements umlir talfen by his administration this year and 'tha limitations upon cxtriiraganie and 'Wite, the Mayer has conclusively shown iWhre the odium for imposing or planning te'lmpesc higher rates must He. :: STILL AT IT ifittf.OXKL McCAIN'S report from Chi Vjt eage that V. '.. Fester Is mil engaged 'In" his radical propaganda within the labor uriUins will surprise no one who read Fester's book en the steel strike. ) that Illuminating volume Fester Intl pijjcd that the radicals were making a gifeveus mistake in remaining outside of the .regular labor unions. If they joined these VJiBeiik they could readily turn them Inte reVbltitlenary organizations and could fujther the cau-es in which they were In -teste(l much mere effectively thnn if they wdked independently. The only flaw in the Fester theory lies In Itj.'lgnerlng of the fact that the American wtffkingman. whether in n union or outside, l?liet revolutienarj. He knows that In a political and Industrial sjstem In which ability is recognized and which Is es.sentlally democratic no worthy person has anything efear. SIMON N. PATTEN CflMOX NKI.SON PATTHN was a pre- e ' found and original thinker, of Impreg- rwile Intellectual honesty, and one of the lnf$t lucid Interpreters of the principles of canemlcs lu the annals of a complex and Claire science. Traits of personality, winning in intl inc associations, uere occasionally mis mis cepwtmed in a mere distant view, and It M-i occasionally the fate of a candid, in trjijsically lovable philosopher te be re garded as u rasli radical and an exponent cfjvcrturn In the social structure. Ills ad hijrers and thousands of the graduates of thJJJ'nlverslty of Pennsylvania can be num bfj)nl In this category will net cease te re git!: this misconception of a strongly marked Inttrlduallty. in later jears, it is true, Dr. Patten's 4prlments with literary forms uncongenial tej'hls talents such as novel and hymn Wilting saddled him with a reputation for trjhnt fantasy and oddity. These qualities ar net. however, discernible in his long 8cJ-ea of writings, ns erudlt" as they are clMr, upon economic problems and Ihelr se- clr. i luHen. irlng the best period of his activities. hltiintellectual leadcrshln In his chosen Held ycH authentic and world-wide. As an cfjienilst his rank is secure and his name ie6 unworthy te be reckoned with Mill, nj&tham, Htcearde, Henry Geerge, Carey , ami Adam Smith. Ht comparatively little of the theories of thfe pioneers Is unquestioned today, if controversy lias ranged about some of their imjyt cherished deductions, their Integrity of piMpeve and the effect of their reasoning Ulfia modern political economy Is undeni able. JPconemlcs Is a study perpetually In a tlte of llux. At the height of h'is long cliblastlc career, L)r. I'atten performed In valuable services in the cause of the critical Investigation of the modern social, industrial and financial structure. The present prWige of the Wharten Scheel of the I'nl ,Yrlty of Pennsylvania Is largely traceable cthls Inspiration J hts tlratli, despite all his later vagaries, Ut community loses one of its wise men. t I it " ,S MATRIMONIAL PARADES SjlllIKN Dr. Jehnsen defined the remar Tj rlnge of a widower as the triumph of Jhvc ever experience his characterization ,wji apt hut his imagination limited, .lust . Wait- the marital adventures of lie Wnlf Ky-JuJpiier typ'fy, unless it be an unfair race JiiVHi Nat lioedwln, ilvceiibcd, It would be F! te Kay, dda Hepper, who Is suing the popular fjcaaiwiiHii or invoice, iii'sitiijuh ner viva tiefcH8 husband as "One of the grandest men W$jnicrlca, lie is an or t tint and mere Ml Irrepressible optimist, an unwearied luitttery conquistador, purliajm even an un- CaiMflel idealist. W.m enry VIII, whose marital record is sel- f (j1! Member of the Associated Press f vjK ASSOCIATED Pltr.SS (t ivrrliirfiwli; en , x'ttilril te the uv ter rrpuMlrnllmi n all mnti i I ditvatch( ,i eridttid te It or net efi rtclj- emitted I, t jvp ui'il, even iiuiuiiiji, riiuiii uui ue. said g"J;fivijVe sincerely pursued the eternal feml- lAKfaUail T- wiiu finf mi ntitih rim 'nu-lim Ichkclt" an cynical pelltlcg which In his half-dozen marriages, Fur re, he was a "bloody old ruffian, quite With such figures of either history or fable, neither the late Nat 0. Goodwin nor the present divagating Hepper present many analogies. Beth players have steed high in popular favor. Mr. Hepper's breezy comic talents have lest little of in telligent appeal in the long period of his admirable services te the stage. His fifth wife leaves home apparently In the best of tempers, dubs him n geed fel low and by construction and In prospect blesses an imaginable sixth set of nuptials In his vnrlesnted life history. Mr. Hepper ought te be a shocking phe nomenon. He should be and the uxorious but fickle Mr. Goodwin before him should have been horrible examples of the frivolous abuse of the marriage tic. The geed-natured public persists In smil ing, evidently refusing te tnke Mr. Hepper mere seriously in his domestic than in his foetllght relations. Ills matrimonial performances bode little or no ill te the social fabric. They are, as were Mr, Goodwin's, tee amusingly ex travagant, tee naively contemptuous of ex perience, te be typical. STRATEGIC MOVES IN THE SETTLEMENT OF THE STRIKE Playing for Position Will Soen Have te Give Way te the Exercise of Public Authority and a Showdown QirrTLKMENT of the cool strike has net get beyond the stage of strategic move ments. President Harding asked the operators te open their mines nnd they replied that they could net de it with safety unless something were done te assure the men that they would be protected from violence. Thereupon the President Issued his procln precln procln metion Inviting the men te go back te work and the operators te employ them nnd calling upon the Governer of the coal -producing States te see that there was no disorder. Troops consequently were ordered out In this nnd ether States nnd they ere camped In the coal regions ready te act in any emer gency. Hut there has been no general re opening of the mines thus fnr. The conference in Washington yesterday te agree en a plan for speeding up produc tion In the non-union mines and te ration both cool and coal cars in order te Insure distribution te the points where there Is a shortage indicates thnt there Is no lively expectation that the presence of troops In the union regions will bring about en imme diate resumption of mining. Attorney General Dougherty hns expressed the opinion that there is sufficient legal authority te justify the Interstate Commerce Commission in allotting cars te the regions where coal Is being produced and te justify Secretary Hoever, of the Department of Commerce, in taking steps te prevent profit eering in the sale of coal. This conference in Washington Is merely one mere strategic move. Ne one con tell what its effect will be. There is a growing belief, however, that there will be no perma nent settlement of the trouble until after there has been n thorough and Impartial in quiry Inte all the facts about the mining and marketing of coal. The coal operators are new favoring the appointment of such a commission ns the President euggested last week. A. M. Ogle, president of the National Coel Association, has telegraphed Mr. Harding urging the Im mediate appointment of this fact-finding commission se that the members can begin the Investigation at once. Curiously enough, Mr. Ogle asks that the commission contain neither miners nor oper ators, but that It should be absolutely non partisan. This recognition of the weakness of the system of arbitration through repre sentatives of the disputants In such a crisis Indicates a growing appreciation of the In terest of the public In labor controversies. There have been arbitrations In the past and they have usually resulted In compro mises which have net token Inte account anything but the narrow and selfish Interests of the disputants. And the arbitration awards have usually left grievances which ultimately provoked new disturbances. It Is net beyond the ability of fair-minded men te find a way for a reasonably perma nent and equitable way for keeping the mines In operntlen. The importance of pro pre vidlng an adequate and continuous supply of coal must be admitted first. This lb merely unether way of saying that the public Inter est Is of prime Importance, and that it can not be made te suffer through any disputes among these whose duty it is te serve the public, either with fuel or with transporta tion. The appointment of the President's com mission, however seen it may come, will net be enough te maintain Industrial peace. A pennnnent commission, or court preferably, Is needed te which Industrial disputes may be referred without the interruption of pro duction. And this court or commission must have power te enforce its decrees. We have such a commission new exer cising supervision ever railroad operations. This commission was bitterly oppeted in the first- plnce. but the railroads would net go back te the old system of cutthroat and Ir responsible competition If they could. An extension of the principle en which the In terstate Cemmerce Commission Is based te ether Industries ns conditions warrant will bring about a state of greater peace. There Is nothing In tha theory that ether great Industries differ from the railroads In that they de net need public franchises for their operation. The essential justification for the Interstate Commerce Commission was net that It dealt with the franchise holding corporation, but that It was uecded te protect the public In the enjoyment of an essential te business. Ceal is just as essential as railroads. If the coal operators and the coal miners cannot ngtce among themselves te keep the public provided with fuel the Government Is justified In stepping In and forcing the private Interests te respect the public In teiests. WhIaT IS PLENTY ACCORDING te estimates mode in Wash ington, the whent crop of the world, exclusive of Hussla, will be U.TM.n.SO.OOO bushels this year. Iteperts from Uussla Indicate n geed crop there. These figures have been surpassed many times in the past. In llll.'l, for example, the total world crop was 4.1117,000,000 bush els, or mere than 1, .'100,000,000 in excess of this year's crop. Hut this was an excep tional 3'ear. In 1017 the crop was only 11,224.000,000 bushels. In IMS It was about Ho'eOO.OOO bushels mere than tills year, but tli yield this year Is greater than in any ether year since the war ended. If the Itiibslun crop is big enough te sup ply the local needs, the crop in the rest of which we have had for some time, will continue. The normal crop of Russia Is about 800,000,000 bushels, n considerable portion of which was exported. It Is net likely thnt anything like thU amount has been raised this year. Unfit is generally believed that she hns enough te aVtrt the fear of famine for the next twelve menthB. MELTED MUSIC IN PANAMA, In Madras or in Singapore nobody would conceive of giving en epen-nlr concert In the broiling sun at 2 o'clock In the nfternoen. Residents of the t topics understand their own climate and adjust their hnblts te its character, with the result thnt life In the torrid zone is by no means the scorching horror that is im agined by outsiders. Phlladelphlans, en the ether hnnd, per sist In pietendlng thnt their summer weather Is net violently equatorial, become incensed at high temperature which the Weather Hurenu serenely pronounces normal nnd are repeatedly vexed when the heat interferes with pleasures and pursuits suitable te Copenhagen In July, but net te South eastern Pennsylvania. If proper respect were paid le the sum mer Isotherms of this region, business would be suspended for a couple of hours around midday, cloth suits and stuffy straw hets would be disenrded for white ducks and pith-helmets, the neon siesta custom would be brought north from sensible Latin America, nnd commercial nnd recrentlve ac tivities would be confined te the early morn ing nnd late afternoon hours. Of course this arrangement of the day will never be effected here. Americans have acquired the notion thnt rushing around in the heat connotes enterprise and progress nnd that suffering in summer is a necessary evil. It Is perhaps useless te combat that view, but even acceptance of It is no pallia tion for the absurd plnn of holding sizzling matinee concerts under the blnzlng sun at I.emen Hill. Naturally a single performance that of lest Sunday afternoon demonstrated the Impracticability of the venture. Musicians, auditors and Instruments were nlmest liter ally roasted. A fortunate abandonment of the concert after the first number saved the violins from liquefying into puddles of var nish and the horns from becoming masses of molten metal. The cultivation of the tropical mind and of tropical turns of thought will de much mere te make summer in town bearable than the most determined efforts net te mind the weather. It Is geed enough weather If handled with Intelligence. Hnpplly, the management Is displaying a comprehension of realities in canceling all the Sunday afternoon dntcs of the Fnlrmeunt Park Symphony Orchestra. That admir able organization will be heard nightly en week days at Lemen Hill, where the eve ning breezes carry some refreshment, while for the Sunday program a series of chil dren's concerts en Saturday mornings will be substituted. It Is announced that these performances will begin at 10 A. M. An even earlier hour would seem ndvUable, If one reflects that there is virtually no shade in the open auditorium and that heat and humidity held sway quite ns intensely in Philadelphia In summer as en the coast of Surinam. SHORT CUTS In Kansas just new ice would all like te le. There's a coolness in Kansas 'twixt Henry and He. And such being se it may chance Jhere'll be found Of the coolness in Kansas enough te go round. Mercury seems te have a notion that he's a steeplejack. Old Sel is a clever painter, but he is no lever of music. Election returns seem te show that Ku Klux crews in Texas. Blew het or blew cold, the Third Inter Inter nateonale never lacks wind. Mr. Snyder doesn't yet knew whether It is te be a bridge or a picture gallery. The question disturbing railroad heads just new Is "Whither are we drifting?" At least (51 per cent of the news is born of tbe Irregular habits of the regular guy. Hew much of tbe coal we are getting from England is arriving in American bottoms? Ceal Strike and Rati Strike are twin screws en a rack en which the public Is stretched. State troops are due te discover that rules work better when diluted with com mon sense. Frem the very first, remarked the Sap less Hean, the radio business has been en a sound basis. Take It as a rule, any man who dires te sacrifice himself for the public is bound te get slammed. "Jehn D. at S3 Still Bnrs Reporters." Hut as he grows elder he may yet see the error of his ways. The Illegality of traffic in stolen goods is bound te have a depressing effect en Russian commerce. Irlbb irregulars are said te be retiring te the Knockmealdewn Mountains; pre sumably for a plckmeup. De Velera bottled up, remarked the Man Without a Conscience, is new depend ent upon his Cerk's crew. Proctlce Is making local postal workers expert with revolvers. The bandit business may yet beceme precarious. The natural supposition Is that if un covered kneeH are net dimpled shore-resort policemen pay no attention te them. General Bruce says the eventual ascent of Mount Everest is a certainty. Modern Hntce must have Interviewed modern spider. Smithsonian Institution report says the English sparrow is a friend of the farmer. lie never, never puts en lug6. He has an appetite for bugs. After he has been knocked out, Old Man Business will neither knew nor care whether he was hit by a cob of cool or a length of steel rail. Ii Blllle Burke will only forgive Flo .iegfeld for whatever she mistakenly thinks lie has done, an anxious world will resume its nermui functions. Burglars in n New Haven, Conn., home ere alleged te have given silver the acid test before taking it nway. It is positively depressing te realize hew bus bus plcleus the sophisticated grew. Quff your worrying and fretting O'er the future of the fair. 2,'ever, never be forgetting Ilenniuell is here! Se there! Te his charm we'll he beholden. Hennu well his talc he'll tell. Quaff the eloquence still golden Frem the dcyiih of Ilennitccll! Still, we've known some guys who knew things. What we need's a chap te de things. THE PASSPORT' NUISANCE Hew It Leads te 8ubornatlen of Par Jury and Other Thlngi The Un scrupulous Evade the Embarrass Ing Questions, the Consci entious 8uffer By GEORGE NOX McCAIN THERE is a certain Federal regulation that encourages premeditated perjury, Particularly it encourages subornation of perjury. Te the unthinking this may seem an ex travagant statement. It is a fact. Hnve you, gentle render, ever applied for a passport te go abroad since the war? Have you ever goed-naturedly listened te the foolish and irrelevant questions that the smiling clerk In the Passport Division Is compelled te address te you? Then try it j and form your opinion Inter. Yeu are, let us say, a native-born citizen, well past fifty yenrs of ngc nnd of decent repute In your community. Moreover, you nre nwnrc that the ma jority of the questions usked are net only irrelevant but absurd. It would be Impolite te say thnt some conditions Imposed verge en the idiotic In n highly civilized nnd democratic country that is, In times of peace. AS, for instance, .from the smiling clerk this query : ' "Cen you furnish a birth certificate from your physician?" Ah if the physician who officiated at your entry Inte this vule of tears had net been dead for n quarter of n century. The absurdity, tee, of requesting a birth certificate for a long-distant time when municlpnl nnd civil authorities never dreamed tf such things is apparent. But here nre the instructions under which the Biniling clerk in the Passport Division Is compelled te act : "A person born In the United States should submit n birth or baptismal certificate with his application (for a passport), or if the birth was net recorded, affidavits from the attendant physician, parents or ether persons having sufficient knowledge te be able te testify as te the place and date of the npplicant'H birth." Is It any wonder the Passport Division clerk smiles? IF IT is you-; first experience you will become gently sarcastic or mildly indig nant as you reply in the negative. Without relaxing his nmused expression the clerk tackles you from a new angle: "In such n case you must have somebody who has known you twenty years appear here and take affidavit that he has known you for thnt period, and knows you te be a native-born citizen." Possibly you have resided in Philadelphia only six or at most n dozen yenrs. The posi tion in which you nre placed Is apparent. Yeu nre conscientious. Yeu desire te obey the Inws of your country, and yet you nre fnced with the alternative of producing some one who has really known you thnt long or of getting some one te swear falsely, or perhaps of fulling te secure your pass port. . That is, if the law Is rigidly enforced. But if you intend truthfully and exactly te answer the questions required en your applications, your troubles have only com menced. Yeu must also give the name, plnce and time of the birth of your male pnrent. Furthermore, if at any time in the course of your life you mny hnve resided in Lon Len Lon eon, Pnris, Juarez. Mexico; Terente. Can ada, or any ether place outside the United States you must specify the date of your departure and of your return. After thut you will be required te tell when and. where you obtained any previous passport ; the months or years you expect te be nbscnt en your present trip and name specifically the countries you expect te visit. As a finnl detail, you must name the pert of your departure, the vessel upon which you expect te sail and the date. Then you take the oath of allegiance nnd affix jour signature. THE ordeal is completed when a few mo ments later the smiling clerk lamps you with his camera eye and notes your height, shape of forehead, color of eyes, hair and complexion; character of nese, mouth, chin and face, together with any birthmarks, de formities or physical defects that may dis tinguish you from the rest of the human herd. Then the individual who Is te testify te acquaintanceship with you is haled te the bar and swears te your residence and the fact that you are a native-born citizen. If he has known you only twenty years and you are fifty-five, hew can he be ex pected te swear you are native-born, except hv ndmissiens from you nt times? "Having provided two photographs of your self and paid $10, you foolishly imagine that you are at the end. Yeu are net. It makes no difference, either, whether you travel first or second class or steerage, the ordeal is the same. TnUS far you have contributed $1G te the United Stntcs Treasury: $5 war tax en your steamship ticket and $10 for passport. If your itinerary embraces Londen. Paris and Reme, you must new interview the consular representatives of Great Britain, France and Italy. At each consulate you secure a vise which costs $2.50, with an additional fee te the notary who swears you all ever again. When you have finished you have con tributed $0 mere te the gayety of nations. And, gentle reader, the war has been ever nearly four years. THE particular point where subornation of perjury Is encouraged can best be illus trated by this actual occurrence. A personal friend seated In the Passport Division In New Yerk patiently waiting his turn for permission te leave the country fell into conversation with the man en the bench beside him. He was a plain working man, a bachelor, as he informed my friend, a naturalized citizen, sixty years' of age, en leave from his employment te visit England. "I've heen in Amerlcn forty years," he Mid. "I've never made many friends out- nlde the men I worked with. The elder ones ere all dead or moved away, and the younger men don't like te lese a day in these bard times te come down here and identify me." 17IIAT are you going te de?" inquired W my friend. "Well, I put It up te n man who went ever lest year, nnd he told me hew he worked it. "There's lets of fellows leafing around the streets ready te make an easy dollar. He get one of them te go In and swear he'd known htm for twenty years. "That's what I'm going te de lind nobody will be the wiser. I hear there's lets of 'em doing it." , There you are l MF FRIEND, a native-born for four generations, who was going te Seuth America, swore te all the questions I have outlined above, and was compelled te bring n friend from nnether city te New Yerk te Identify him. Before the Seuth American Censul would vise his American passport he was required te present a certificate from the health offl effl cer of his town n fnmlly physician Is net permitted te render such service that he find been properly vncclnetcd. Anether certificate was required from the Mayer and chief of police that he had net been arrested or imprisoned within five In the latter case the obliging officials testified te his five years' Immunity from arrest, though they had known him but two years. The World War that required such regit regit regit lotiens has been ever nearly four years ! A dispntch from Paris tells of an Amer ican iiuiried Themas Knock who has dis covered by painful experience that the copy ing of "old musters" is ii nourishing Indus try in the Latin Quarter. He paid $ae,000 for forty-three fakes. Te the fakers every Knock Is a boost. NOW MY IDEA IS THIS! Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia en Subjects They Knew Best JULIUS ADLER On Street Problems of Philadelphia WELL-PAVED streets constitute one of the principal assets of any dty large or small, and money spent en their construc tion and maintenance is always a geed in vestment, says Julius Adlcr, Deputy Chief of the City Burenu of Highways. "The advantages of fine, well-paved streets, entirely aside from the geed impres sion which they meke upon strangers visit ing a city," said Deputy Chief Adler, "nre innumerable, but there nre four which are of the first Importance. In the first place, the cost of hauling ever well-paved streets as compared with the cost ever roughly paved highways Is almost beyond calcula tion, nnd the mere that meter-driven traffic comes Inte use the greater is the saving. There is a vast saving in the amount of gas oline consumed, in the wear and tear en the vehicle Itself, in the time necessary for the haul and in the entire cost of the opera tion. Many Other Advantages "Whlle this may be considered the main physical advantage te be derived from well paved streets there are ethers which are scarcely less important. The second, I should say, is In the smnllcr number of Oc cidents resulting In clnims ngalnst the city due te bnd condition of the roadway. On n geed read any vehicle, no matter what its motive power, is much mere easily con trolled than en a badly paved read or one which is full of holes. In accidents of this kind there nre two clnsses of claims, pedestrian nnd vehicular, nnd experience nns shown a vastly smaller number of acci dents ..-here the streets nre in fine condition than where they nre net. "The third ndvantnge Is in the greatly re duced cost of street cleaning, nnd the fourth Is that en well-paved streets there is alwnys a better class of property. Given equal con ditions, the well -paved Btrcet will seen prove te be the better business street, nnd the better properties which nre mnintnlncd thnre result in mere tnxes for the city. "The btreet problem In Philadelphia Is in borne ways niore complicated than in some of the ether lnrge cities. This had its origin probably In the fact that the origi nal plans for the city contemplated what nre today considered te be very narrow streets, and this applies te all of the elder pert of the city except Bread and Market streets, At the same time, Philadelphia being se es sentially an Industrial city, there is a weight of traffic en the streets which few ether cities have. The Other Large Cities "Contrast the situation here with that of New Yerk, for example. We always think of New Yerk ns one of the most congested cities in the world nnd yet the average width of the cartway, or the distance from curb te curb. In New Yerk is one nnd a half or twice that of Philadelphia. Therefore, we have te handle about ns much traffic here, when the Industrial nature of our city Is considered, in about one-half the cartway space. And, in addition, there is an un usual amount of heavily laden traffic here, although this same condition exists in every large city. "Baltimore hns a Repaying Commission which has been in operation some ten or twelve years and has rcpaved from the bot tom up; thnt is, has put in modern con crete foundations In the great bulk of the Im portant streets of that city. Washington Is one of the few cities of the United States which was built from a preconceived plan from the beginning and, therefere, all Its streets are of great, or at leaBt sufficient, width and there Is practically no industrial traffic. Philadelphia's Problem "The problem here la te use the available space te the best advantage, and this means modern pavements and maintenance of them te a, high degree of efficiency. Phila dolphin did net adept the concrete founda tion under the surface of the paving se enrly as some of the ether cities did. Tim foun dation here wns in many instances crushed stone nnd sometimes only dirt. The old grnnite block reads of the city were often laid en n few Inches of sand and the asphalt en crushed stene or broken cobbles, The result of an Insufficient foundation is an uneven surface. "At the close of 1021 the city had about 342 miles of granite block paving, probably zti -fr-jj-wnr -" .ai'ruiF je--r- the great bulk of which had been down for twenty-five years or mere, and of this amount, no doubt, two-thirds wns net en a concrete foundation. The life of n pave ment is about twenty-five years nnd few cities figure en any type of paving giving mere than this length of service. "There are about 050 miles of asphalt paving In the city nnd this paving will nlse overage from twenty te twenty -five years in age, much of it being net en a concrete foundation. Where a concrete foundation is used the foundation Itself Is reasonably pennnnent and the surfacing mny be re newed when necessary. These two types, granite block and asphalt, represent the great majority of the paving In Philadel phia. A Great Year for Street Werk "In Philadelphia it is our practice te use a six -inch concrete foundation in every case where rebuilding is found necessary, and it is our invariable rule te go clear te the bot tom and construct the most permanent road bed which can be lnld. Whatever surface type Is used, the foundation Is new the same where rebuilding is done. "The year 1021 was by far the greatest year in the history of the city for road read mnking nnd repairing. There wns never nny year In the past which is in any way comparable with it. Then we placed con tracts for sixty-nine miles of streets, of which thirty-nine were completed at the close of the year and the remnindcr Is In progress this year. Fer this work Council appropriated $0,000,000, of which the sixty-nine miles consumed $5,300,01)0 nnd with the remnindcr, twelve miles of new reads are under construction this year. "When it is considered that the previous average of construction wns only about fifteen miles a year, it will readily be seen what was done last yenr. This figure is for years prier te the war, as, of course, during that time very little could be ac complished. Salvaging Granlte Blocks "The policy of the bureau In repaying the granite block streets is te have the blocks reeut and set upon the concrete foundation, thus saving the blocks nnd saving n very considerable amount te the city. In the thirty-nine miles completed Inst year, twenty-seven were of recut gran ite blocks. In 1012 there were :."2 miles of granite block pnved streets in the city and new, ten yenrs Inter, there nre 343. Of asphalt, there were then 472 miles ngalnst 040 new. This means that practically all the granite block In the city then is simply ten years elder new, the recuttlng of them and relnj Ing en the concrete foundation being one of the features of the 1021 piivlne program. "Street-making rises nnd falls with the rata of new building In n city. Phllndel pliin hns new iri04 mlles'ef Improved streets and reads in the city limits, vcrv close te the length of the entire reed system of the State of Maryland. Only Greater New ierk and Chicago hnve a lnrger mileage. As a ru e the read mileage of a city fellows closely its Place in population. Condition ?. n"e,if 7 mni" th,JJB1M; "nd "' ' respect Philadelphia Is new holding its own well" Senater Smith, of Seuth Guggenheim ( arellnn, charges that Melodrama the Guggcnhelnis nrere- , spensible for the dutv of two cents u pound en white nrbenlc In thn Fer.lney-McCun.hcr Tariff Bill, ami that t v. 11 put $18 0(0,00j annually T,e '?her pockets. And he further alleges that the principal victims will be the Souther farm! crs, who nre fig it ng te exterminate the bell weevil. It's a thrilling story, mutes, but one evc'rVS & gXTJgXatg M.ILM, iSTJCWh; "p,"l,u sys he hns , objection te the staging of the lW,s" Steel Mergers, a financial drama. As t . has been no violation of accented rules i, says, there Is no excuse for a revival' ,, picsent of the amusing sketches, the Slier man Act, tbe Clujten Act or the W"bb Vet Senater France, meter r ranee, of Muryhind, wants Sinn te give Poland six wrM i ,s g from Senater France, the suggest uncle ,.., 1..UU1IHK mini milium ITU CC. me ,,,,. lien causes aiiiubcment rather thun nurprli. f &&& cm What De Yeu Knew? QUIZ 1. Where did chocolate originate and when was It Introduced Inte Europe? 2. What Is the literal meaning et Mente Carle? 3. Who was Sully Prudhomme? 4. What la marchpane? 6. What Important dominion of the British Empire Is composed of North Island, Seuth Island and Stewart Island? 6. What Is a praying mantis? 7 What Is passementerie? 8. What was the name of the Doomsday of Nerse mythology? 9. What great fortress wa besieged and finally captured In the Russe-Japanet War? w,'e wrote the celebrated modern play, The Second Mrs. Tenqueray"? Answers te Yesterday's Quiz " K est ls the southernmost city of th united Stntcs, exclusive of outlying possessions net contained In States, ilie southernmost town under the American ilafr is Pago-Page. In the. e ti, men", reuP ln the Seuth Pacific ?" -rli President's yacht 13 the Mayflower. 3. Tripoli belongs te Italy. 4. Numbers is the fourth book In the Bible. 6. The woolsack is the cushion stuffed with wool the traditional seat of the nrit sh Lord Chancellor In the Heuse of Peers. 6. Laurence Alma-Tadema was a netel R??h. p?i!?ieri He waa 1 In Hoi Hei land in 1836, but subsequently became a resident of Londen. He was espe cially celebrated for his scenes of fife t tJ" Grcjk and Reman times. 7. The word vlzler should be pronounced ayllabfe' W"h ,he nccent en 4i9 lMt 8. The British Heuse of Commens can ever ride the veto power of the Heuse of times nassl"B a given bill three 9 ThnJrati' of Guadalupe Hidalge, the ?a PJ ?. sVburb f Mexico City, ended the Mexican War In 1848. 10, AnJWcrrZ ,s nn, officer of the British lti?L household. who occasionally nrin'n "" "ie sovereign or a royal prlnce. Today's Anniversaries 1814 Battle of Brldgewater, or Lundya War ef'Tsi"0 """" destrucUve of tbe 75?0Orgx!1,' pcndlcten, United State Senater from Ohe and nominee for Vice President, born in Cincinnati. Died hi Brussels, Belgium, In 18S0. 1834 Samuel T. Coleridge, famous Eng- !,, '-.H"0,' nm' Tlter, died. Bern October -1, ii i2. u1.8t7T?.r,i,Ezrn ,Gwel. Mest graduate of Mnrine'J Celle8p. dled nt Dever, N. H., In his 02d year. n.VS'"'Tr.?fllt C ,Ge("lwln, long a popular tii.T . ve Amer can stage, born in Bosten. Died In New lerk City, January 31, 1010. 1807 The Rev. Jehn Freeman Yeung w,ne" consecrated second Episcopal Bishop of f18.7SIrL,lB!,nr,lament wted the Dukt of Cennnught sne.000 a year en his mar Prus'sl Princess Loulse Margaret of f1..1Brhe President prohibited shipment! of nrras from the United States te Mexico. Today's Birthdays Duke of Roxburghe, who married Mln -May Geclet, of New Yerk City, born forty six years nge. Rear Admiral Albert P. Nlblack, com' mnndant of the Sixth Nnval District, with headquarters nt Charleston, born at Vln' cennes, Ind., blxty-tluee years age. Jehn K. Tener, former Governer of Pennsylvania und Past Exalted Ruler of the Elks, born in County Tyrene, Ireland, fifty-nine years nge. Theodere A. Bell, former Congressman and three times Democratic nominee for Gover Gover eor of California, born at Vallejo, Calif., fifty years age. David Belnsce, celebrated dramatist Hnd play producer, born In Sen Francisce, sixty three years age. ,, , Columbus University stu- ny Net? dents have had the prlvl; ., , lege of swing pictures of the human voice thrown en a screen. ThU is marvelous, but in an age that has pro pre dined thu Phonograph and the radio we ar piepared for marvels, Perhaps the step will be te print the voice wuves se that one may read them as rapidly as one wlsnej without having te wait for. the dcllber urateilcal period of a phonograph. BK7fJ 'ftfctilXPL' tuu; 4 ?Sfc 't N V l && Rr -A te , ... I l," 'v. Oijt. tH4
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers