-tt ' V f ,r '- .vjkW M??l Vrm - -p,ir w sw ( 6 l' lu Bf h b; I! k r w l VI. Ill M & ? 10 k'SiXi- Euentng public He&ger PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY J cntua h. k. cuivtib, pbbsidint Jehn C. Mnrlln, Vlc I'resldfnt and Treasurer: Charlii A. Tylrr, Secretary: Charles It. l.udlim l.udlim Ien. Philip a. Cellins. Jehn n. William". Jehn J. Ppurpfen, Oearge K. aeldamlth. David E. Bmlley. Director. DAVID B. BMtLnT Editor JOHN C. MAItTIV.... general Buslneea Manager rubllshed dolly at Fcdlie Lederb Building; Independence Square. Philadelphia. Atlantic Citt rreti-Unten Building 'w Yebk 304 Madisen Axe, foimetT 701 Fer il Building T. Lews 013 Glebe-Democrat Building CltlOAQO 1.102 Tribune Building NttWS Ut'ttr.AUS WJlSltl.aTO.N Uir.iiu, N" IJ, Cor, Pennsylvania Ave and 14th St. Kew Yepk Itcr.iCAU ... The Sun BulMlrg Londen Bcnc-ic Trafalgar Building aU)l3CUU'110.N rtCHMS The Kvcnim. i uu.ic L,nitu li served te "Jtv. crlbers In I'hlladelphla, and surrounding towns t the rate of tweha lis) cents per week, piyabls av carrier. By mall te points outside of Philadelphia In the United ,tt! (.'atiada. or I'nlted States pos sessions, postage free, fifty (SO) cents per month. Ix ($0) ilellaiH per sear, payable In advance Te all foreign leuntrlea one (Jl) dollar a month Neticb Subscribers wishing address changed lust give old as vsll ns ncn address rXL, J000 WtLMT KF.Y9TONC. MAIN HOI fcyliMrrM oil roniintinleaffent fe Evcnlie PubUe l.eduer. Independence Square fhllnflWpMci. Member of the Associated Press THE ASSOCIATED rtlKS'J li exclusively en iitltd te the ter or ifpublicalie't of oil lines llspilcir trrrfrfrrl te (1 or net ellienrlse credited in (Mi iuier, mid alto the local uru'i publljard therein. All rlehts of rcpubllcnflen e special dispatches Bereln nra n'e reserved. - rhilidrlphU. Irl.l.t. )one 30. W2 DON'T SHIFT RESPONSIBILITY WHY does tlic Philadelphia Law Associa tion shift upon llie Legislature the blame for the pestiferous lawyers' i tinners In tlic courts? It Im nsklng tlic State Bar Association te pass n revolution requesting the Lcglslntme te pass n law forbidding the runner te solicit business in the courts or te urge citizens te bring suits. If the Law Association really wishes te nd this abuse it 1ms the power through Its disciplinary committee. There are laws already against Incitement te litigation, the offense of which the runners are most fre quently guilty. As the principal is re sponsible for the nets of his agent, the lawyers who employ the runners are liable under the nw. In ether States lawyers have been disbarred for this practice, but their disbarment cunie about through the Initiative of the repulabln lawyers. Can It be that tlic Philadelphia bar has net sufficient moral cour.ige te start a heuscclennlng? Are the lawyers as reluctant (is the brokers te Interfere with the members of their profession who bring disgrace upon it? SPROUL'S UNHAPPY PRECEDENT BY TIIH time this is printed Governer Sproul may have appointed his secre tary, Harry MeDevitt. te the place en the Common Pleas bench left vacant b the resignation of Judge Patterson. Such mi appointment would have te be viewed as a rpturn te and a flight beyond th worst sort of political normalcy. Seme ether Govern ors have made places for their secretaries as their terms drew toward a clee. But Mr. Sproul is the first te be convinced that the bench is n proper ajlum for the politi cally Indigent. ANOTHER ONE THE telegraph wires continue te sizzle with news suggestive of the devastating relictien of tee much money en undisciplined minds. High-rolling, money-drunk ;eung men hnve been doing most te discredit some brandies of the securities business, just ns they hnve done most te bring discredit en the movie colony at Hollywood. The details of the Fuller failure ought te be helpful rending te the folk who believe that ii n one can make n fortune who gees Inte Wall Street or the allied thorough fares with the family savings ntid n few tips supposed te be straight. These who get Inte the bucket-shops, and most of the ama teurs de, pay for wine, women and song behind the scenes. The Stock Exchanges of the country are said te be quietly working out a general sys tem of censeishlp of u sort that may be applied with the co-operation of State Banking Departments. Current news from Wull Street shows mere clearly than ever that something of the sort Is necessary te protect the legitimate Investment business as well as legitimate investors. A NEW USE FOR PIERS THE new Chestnut street pier, which was formally opened je-terdny, la se clese te the main line of passenger travel across the Delaware Itiver that it becomes the best advertisement of the modern works en the riverfront that has yet been devised. We nil knew that splendid new piers have been erected north and south of the ferries at Market and Chestnut streets, but enlv these who have business there have ever seen them. Tens of thousand of persons cress the river b; the ferries every day and every one of them has seen the new pier prow from its toundntiens. and they have admired the graceful uud substantial super structure that has been built upon these foundations. The superstructure is n combination of a pier and an office building, for adequate quarters hae been provided en the second fleer for the ethces of the Department of Wlinres. Decks and Ferries, and there is space te rent for shipping eflices. The tloer spare is 0 feet wide and mere than .i()0 feet long. It Is en admirable example of profitable utilization of space en the water front. When its success is demonstrated the example may be followed In ether piers te be built in the future. MANIACS AT LARGE EVHIIY alienist knows that what Dr. Het hreeh suld about the danger of per muting persons with liemlddal mania te be at large Is true. Dr. lloclireeh was talking of the young woman who gave poison te n five. j ear-old Itirl in Hersham, from the effects of whlfh the child died. The jeung woman had been nnder observation in the hospital for the Insane, but hud been removed by her parents because she complained of her detention. She poisoned the little girl four weeks later. There Is no prevision at present, accord ing te Dr. Ituehreeli, for depriving the men tally deranged of their libertv without the consent of their friends. If this be se, the law should be changed as een ns possible. It ought net te be necessary te wait until Mime overt nit Is done before a competent tribunal inn commit n dangerous mental Invalid te a hospital. The friends of sm h persons may be re luctunt te ask for the confinement of the nflllctcd, but the snfetj of the community Is of mere Importance. If the young woman In question had net been allowed te be at Large, the little girl would still be alive. There are said te lie commissions In ether countries appointed b. the courts te examine persons suspected of u dangerous form of Insanity uud te iciemmenil their (online (enline ment for the safety of the community. And these commissions act without legard te the wishes of the friends of the persons In In jVeltcd, just ns the American police net when a mail deg is at large, without regard te the fwllngs of the owner of the diur. In the absence et any legal pewrr 10 ,w- terfere In this Stnte, all persons with any authority ever the mentally afflicted ought te get expert advice as te the wisdom of putting the afflicted under restraint, and if restraint is advised the advice should be followed. A CHANCE TO CAPITALIZE THE NEW VITALITY OF THE. STAGE Victory Hall Theatre Project Coincides Auspiciously With an Inviting Dra matic Opportunity for This City THH proposed construction in the Victory Hall te be built en the Parkway of theatrical auditoriums graded in size and adapted te the range of foetllght enter tainment from intimate drnmn te elaborate spectacle is in happy coincidence with new forces of vitality in the American stnge. Much superficial nonsense Is disseminated concerning the se-called degradation of the drama and the alleged appeal of frivol and fluff seasoned with salacity reincarna tions of the Oilbertlan Micnli Sewls, whose "shouts and yells and howls" nre net wanting te proclaim the death knell of art and the triumph of the meretricious. It Is charitable te assume that these self constituted harbingers of deem arc unen lightened rather than susceptible te the ppell of cheap sensationalism. There nre evi dences of vicious taste calculated te mislead the unthinking. Hut side by side with much that is futile and foolish, an upward trend of dramatic development can be discerned which Is In high degree tonic nnd in spiriting. The stage et New Yerk in particular is emerging from adolescence and has become n scene of healthful new movements be speaking a sincere respect for the finest possibilities of the drama. While this nd venturlng lins occasionally taken the form of ever-"precious" cults nnd perhaps ex cessive emphnsls upon "toy" theatres com mitted te the exploitation of bizarre themes, an impressive amount of sane, constructive achievement is en record. I'ven the se-cnlled commercial manager is new often revealed as a creature markedly dissimilar te the cynical, saturnine ma terialist of conventional caricature. 'Hie theatre Is fundamental); a business in which the public rules. Producers today nre, as ever, taking orders from their great client, but these mandates denote a definitely in creased enthusiasm in the best drama, net necpssarll; goody-goody and prim, but in formed with a grasp of human character, with llterar; distinction, sound technique and the Indispensable art of sustaining in terest. It Is n fact that New Yerk at the present moment is the theatrical capital of the glebe, and this net mere!; en the score of quan tity, but with respei't te the variety nnd intrinsic worth of purely dramatic offerings. Since the stage has ever exhibited remark able recuperative powers. It Is judicious te suggest that the old prestige of Londen will never be regained. The position of Berlin, n decade age se secure, has been deleterious!;- affected by the war. On the French stage Government wardship sustains an ad mirable tradition, but the Inspiration te be derived from the privately managed Paris theatres Is at this time net partlculnily notewerth; . The awakening in New Yerk, where the failure of the tee flamboyant); organized New Theatre is recompensed by the brilliant and deserved success of the resourceful Theatre Guild, cannot be reckoned as an exclusive) local product. The ehnnge is reflective of genuine cultural progress throughout the country and authentic ele ele vntien of popular taste, net te be confused with aristocratic esthetlclsni. se vulnerable te satire In music this revolution lias been recognized. In the theatre the activi ties of culamity howlers have obscured a due upprciiatien of facts. In Philadelphia, te be specific, net only nre Imperishable stage traditions evoking memories of the old Walnut. Arch nnd Chestnut companies In the heyday of the resident stock era. but there Is an under current of sentiment en behalf of modern dramatic progress which needs only te be canalized, co-erdlnatrd, charted and routed te become effective. Dependence en New Yerk for foetllght offerings has been the chief obstacle te the clarification and expression of this opinion. The opportunity te release nnd encourage the forces of Initiative at home, net se much because of local pride ns because of the possible splendor of results, Is at hand In the Victory Hall project State Senater Woodward lins proposed the formation of n subscription organiza tion, conceivably en Theatre Guild lines, te back a care-fully selected company te be de voted te the presentation of the best plays obtainable, modern and classic. Se far as physical conditions are con cerned, the Victory Hnll auditorium of 2000 capacity could serve as a home for such an enterprise. Pending the completion of that structure ether quarters in Philadelphia could perhaps be secured. The possibilities of such an undertaking nre fascinating and by no means se fanciful as the; would hnve been ten or fifteen years age, before the dramatic renaissance gained headway. Artistic authority, talent and experience arc available for the pieject, notably that accomplished actor nnd pro ducer, I.euis Calvert, who has lately ac ac knewledged Philadelphia te be ripe for crys tallising that new spirit of endeavor which has borne fruit in New Yerk. "Reform of the drama" Is n suspicious phrase, ihe use of which Is te he depre cated Should a new theatrical movement be launched in this city it would be seri ously compromised by cultivating a spirit of pretest or sermenising belligerency. The contemporary drama does net deserve a scolding. Its offenses nre decidedly subor dinate te Its merits. What la needed In Philadelphia Is realiza tion of the vigor of a revolution nt once artistic and popular, nnd organized determi nation te extend nnd develop Its resources. BLACK DAYS IN DUBLIN WHKN nt luht the complete narrative of the Dublin rebellion Is written It will be seen te have a romantic rather than a purely political significance. The Seuth of Ireland, as tonic one once observed, is popu lated by poets. And in nil its pitiful nnd terrible details the demonstration at Four Courts was a poet's, rather than a pollti pellti clan's, rebellion. Keiy O'Connor, who submitted himself and his followers te the bombardment of the Free State troops, nctcd In opposition net te England alone or te the Free State. His complaint if against the whole modern world, its rigorous ways and tlic harsh prnctlcnlityef its collective mind. He is clearly reprpentntive of a considerable cle EVENING PUBLIC LEDaERPHILADLPHIArElUDAY, JUNE SO, jfe . . " ' ( menf In fnittiffni TrAtntifl tlinf ftrenmN nf rA melding the world and making It nearer te the heart's desire. "We de net believe," lie said while the bombs were dropping en the reef, "that smoking chimneys and rumbling factories mnkc people happy. We want te be a peaceful agricultural people. That Is the best way. Wc don't want te be Industrial ized in the modern sense of thjutcrm." And llery said that an Irishman In jail for fighting England or "any ether Invader" could be nobler than an Irishman sur rendering his birthright under the mask of compromise. He said ether things during the bombardment things qulte ns definitely revealing the state of mind of n man fight ing for n dienm : "We aren't afraid te din here. It's the only thing te de!" And he spoke affectionately of the men who used te be his friends until they became officials of the Free State. A very quiet nnd very young man, they said Hery was, appearing sad nnd ill. There Is no system of treaties, no theory of politics In which n lule may be found te ttnnt citfrncafllllv rip timetlcnllv wittl n mind like llery O'Connor's. Wreng-hcndcd he may hnve been, but he was net ignoeie. He is pretty sure te be in legends that peo ple in n quieter future will read with won derment, if net with tears. THE NEGLECTED COAL STRIKE IF NOTHING better or worse comes from the coal strike, it Is te be hoped there will nt least be In the public mind from new en n better understanding of the rela tion of the' mining industry te the common life, of the economic nnd social importance of coal and the Justice of suggestions that tend te make the anthracite and bituminous producing s.vstem strlke-pioef by some sys tem of arbitration or regulation adminis tered consistently b; the Federal Govern ment. Fer it is only new that the public is beginning te perceive that It has much mere te fear than pinpt; coal bins Ordinarily, when there arc threats of n coal strike, the man In the street thinks of his furnace. He tills his cenl bins if he happens te have the necessary cash and feels nt ease. Few persons step te remember that all major utilities, as well ns most small industries, nre dependent en coal for their operating energy The frank concern new displayed in Washington is inspired net b; worry about householders' cenl bins, but by visions of spreading paralysis which threatens the Natien's business ns a result of a prospective fuel shortage of unexam pled extent. Net only would most of the country be cold next winter if the coal strike were te continue much longer. It would be idle. tee. Its railroad service would he disastrously restricted. In the course of time its electric lights would cease te burn. And after that a geed mnn; cities might begin te feel the pinch of hunger. It is largely be.iue of the popular super ficial view nf the coal question, n view that Is based upon the problem of the private coal bin alone, that these who continue te urge net en!; a strike settlement, but some sort of fiindiinient.il nnti-strlke readjust ments at the source of Mippl; find little official or popular enceurngenent. It Is when you view the illimitnble field of human effort in which fuel Is n prime esentlnl thnt ;ou be;ln te see why strikes should be made impossible. And It Is easy, tee, te under stand why the groups nf the head of the industry resent any general tendency to ward icgulatien in the public interest. They control a oemmodltv that, broadly viewed. Is second In Importance te the water supplj. Any one who tried te corner the water supply or, en the ether hand, te cut it off, wet.ld be Indicted ns nn enemy of society But the conflicting groups in the mine fields continue te behave ns if they had n moral r'ght te den; the people a right te the menus of 1 1 f nnd safety. MEXICO'S STAGE BANDITS SO FAR ns conventional legal terminology gees, theie i no name for the crime of deliberately Invcdvinj peaceful nations in wars plotted for the enrichment of private groups Hut that offense Is fiequent enough te justlf; the close attention of word-makers iif well as the deep concern of civilized peo ples everv where Fumbling efforts at something of the sort were npparent fiem the beginning in the news of the latest "bandit outrage" in Mexico. Seme Americans were nbductcd, the dlspati lies said, and held for ransom. The meaning of the Incident was revealed In Mr. Gilbert's analysis telegraphed from Washington. The gnfters and opportunists in Mexico are irritated bv the growing prestige of President (ibregen and the success of his efforts te establish peace in his country. Se the reiolutien makers steal some Ameri cans te prove that Mexico Is still n land without a dependable Government. We grew slowly mere wise. A few years age the report of Americans held in duress would have had all the geed jingoes waving tiags and calling for nn Invnslen. And, os It new appears, an Invasion is the thing needed te Influence the prices of oil securi ties unfavorable te some parts of Wall Street and te discredit Obregon nnd help the cause of the pirates who pass ns revolu tionaries south of the We Grande. Who will invent a name for the crime of war-making for profit? And whnt con ceivable punishment could be ndequnte for such an offense nga'nst reason and common humanity? While the country hopes Any African thnt cenfeicnccs be in tlie Ceal Bin? twern ihe Government and the pnrtleB te the coal strike may eventual!; bring peace, the feeling is general that the pence will net be lasting until some fnct-tindlng ngency gets down te business. Just what Is Congress' objection te the appointment of such n body? Ne exception can be taken te the assertion of I.leyd Geerge that tlic Iilsh Previsional Tough ,Ieh All Bight Government has the people behind It. Frin's inpucltv te rule herself Is being put severely te the test, but no fault can bn found with the British Government for in sisting thnt the test he met. June OH, WHAT is se dank as a day in June, Wben clothing sticks like n macaroon Released bv the baker a bit tee seen ; When the dawn is drnb and the afternoon Is only fit for n blue baboon, By heat unvexed and te damp immune? Better n tropical full typhoon Or the flood of n Slngnlese monsoon, When the palms nre dancing a rigadoen And the fiends of the ccibn ware in tune Te the splash and drive of a fionn-peured been ; Aye, better the glare of a red Itangoen Than the soggy sun of n slckljr neon, When life is limp and the Ice cream spoon Is the single spur te n taste ipjune; When the sodden lords of thenr dragoon Masses of mist In n fell feste,n Fer the sky of n nauseous nlternoen, Frem which the sun, like vellP halloen, Will sink te make way t, n bleiir-c;cd moon. With a scowl suggesting a Krialy croon, Produced by a fretful and ,.rkc, msb00n. Oh. what Is the matter wli, uded June, Oppressive, drear and lnop'eritine As the jungular vapors of flr Gaboen? Joyous July come seen, ccm0 M)0 ; II. T. C. It probably will, , AS ONE WOMAN SEES IT French People Patronize, Believing Meney le the One Thing Werth While We Possess Haven't Even a Kind Werd for Our Plumbing By SARAH I). LOWRIE WE ALWAYS think e! French peep!e with n kind of awe, because It Is n tradition among us Americans that they have better manners, or rather n finer manner than xvr can hope te acquire, let alone pos sess. But wc arc eftep bewlluered in our contacts with the men and women of France te find that Irritability nnd often Irony toward things un-Frcuch nre nlse part of their cede of behavior. I have never ;et found a French person In this country, for instance, who was net palpably scornful of the ways nnd the manners of this country, or who did net mnke it n point of loyalty te France te take the Amerlcnn type with n faint mental Bhrug, What is net French is te thnt degrce In ferior. That is the attitude of the French teacher, of the French dressmaker, . the Ficncli business man; It creeps into the con versation of the French trnvcler, nnd Is net lib! with any great cure by the French diplo matist. And It lasts for two or three genera tions In colonist Frenchmen, ncuileus critical aloofness, a certain eighteenth cen tuiy hauteur, ns though the fact that te the real Parisian they were just provincials made It necessary te their own self-respect te treat all tlic rest of mnnklnd as bar barians. THAT attitude, with a certain thin-skin-ness about taking offense where no offense ' is dreamed of. has; made the assimilation of . the French t.vpc in this country exceedingly difficult. Amerlcn needs tlic finish and the particularity and the Intellectual independ ence of the French virus, but Americans nre I centinuall; baffled by the French citizens who I hnve elected fur business purposes te live in I Amerlcn. brcnusc of nn alien attitude. Seme hew they nre given te understand thnt in receiving French culture, from cookery te science nnd art. American money is tlic sole medium of exchange that can compensate. Nothing else American Is marketable. That, at nil events, is the Impression made by the majority of the French upon the ordi nary Amerlcnn, I find, and the experience of the army men during the war did net ob literate it. The feeling thnt what they could pay whs what was chiefly important te their French hosts willing or unwilling bewildered nnd nt times infurlntcd the Americans of the less educated sort, while for tlic educated, imaginative ones, who felt n debt te France for se much thnt makes life worth while, there was, I think, n sort of vvistfulness that apart from fighting units nnd supplies nnd money always money there was nothing thnt America had that France valued. line officer groaned this out te me nnd much mere last year and then he added with n reminiscent g:'n : "Why, if they hnd only admired our plumbing, it would have been something!" Remembering thnt I was amused the ether day te have n French-American who lives in Normandy sny te me : "The tiling I find hnidct te bear is nil your talk nbeut bathrooms nnd drainage ever heie. I think it is se tiresome!" 1 gathered that she thought of our plumb ing ns a habit of luxury, a sort of splash of money in creature comforts. Whnt it actually is. however, is n time-saver, and ns such Is the peer man's necessity rather than the rich man's luxur;. piOR the last week or mere I hnve been overseeing the renovntien nnd the partial rebuilding of a farmhouse in the Adlrendacks that was built In 18SS. It was built by a wan of moderate means for a family of ten persons, though mere often ilinii net that number grew te be fourteen or fifteen, counting tlie guests of the family. Fer nearly twenty of these thirty-four years in which the house wns used there was running water in only one room and that wns in the kitchen. There was no het water save for that heated In the kettle, or in the small copper boiler at the back of the weed stove. Consequently all water for the bedrooms, for baths and for cleaning, for washing dishes nnd for the laundry purposes had te be carried. The men of the family did net carry the water up or down stairs or for the dishes or for the (denning. It wns mostly done by servants, who were women. After long persuasion the owner of the house hnd n bathtub with cold running water built Inte the house, and after another long interval n boiler wns connected with tlie kitchen stove nnd het wnter was connected with the kitchen sink and with the bath room, nnd n Ftnnll stationary washstnnd was placed near the tub. But with these in novations his pregiess toward the simplifi cation of work for the household censed. He would net put running water en the second fleer. The carr.vlng of hc.ivy pnlls by the women sen nuts therefore continued te the last of his ownership of tlie house. It was net the cost of the additional plumbing that deterred him, ler thai was negligible com pared te the cost of making paths nnd for estry that lie engineered His stand wns made en the ground thnt plumbing was a luxury and that the simple life which he intended thnt his family should live In his house would be; interfered with by drains nnd cesspools and pipes and faucets. HE HAD the same theory with regard te his servants' quarters: his feeling being thnt ns these casunl additions te the house hold were destructive tenants, their sleeping quarters should be of the most primitive type, un nctunl gnrret room, tinder rough beards nnd shingles, het or draft;-, or leaky ns the weather might decide. " The kitchen quarters were also camplike in their plnn. Every time the cook put a thing into her refrigerator or took one out, she had te go out a screen deer, climb down three perch steps nnd open two storeroom doers. Her woedbox was filled each dny from a woedpilo se far from the house that the weed hnd te be carried In n wheelbarrow 200 feet or mere down n steep bank. Te fill the Icebox that was usee! instead of a modern refriger ator required six lnrge cakes of ice that hnd te be washed nnd heisted in place at least live times a week. The soapy water from the xvashtubs run out of the launch; into nn open ditch, which hnd te be filled nnd redug constantly in order te avoid the rank stng nnnt smell thnt such elemental drainage in volves. All these, nrrnngements, which weie net noticeably behind the times In that mountain region nearly forty years age, had for fully fifteen ;enrs been nbnndnned ns inconvenient by most of the villageis Thus it came about thnt ihe persons whom this old gentle man employed lis day laborers and mechanics for chores about his grounds lived In better nppelnted houses than his heure, for work ing purposes, for tlie very obvious reason that hnvlng te de the work themselves or see their wives de it, they were aware of the labor-saving qualities of plumbing. It was net the difference between luxury and sim plicity; it wns thet life nnd the work in volved was simpler with het and cold wnter nnd bathrooms en the second fleer, net te speak of celled nnd plastered rooms nnd refrigerators versus sprlngheuses, And thut is really the American point of view; i. e., shorter cuts te everyday work, I REMEMBER a charming old kitchen in France in tlie villa in which mv mother kept liuiise one winter. It was like n pic ture for its solid masonry find deep old windows and huge built-in Hinge, but the 'fuel wns charcoal nnd had te be lit and kept burning separately under each stove hole by bellows; the copper cooking utensils had te bn kept polished like silver for fear of verdi gris; the flagged stones en the uneven fi0er were damp and cold te the feet. The chef never murmured nt these things, but he did murmur that my mother did the purchasing of the previsions he cooked se deliriously and thus "did him (lllt of tlie commissions he hud counted upon from the town te shop for the household as well ns cook. Probably he xxeuld bnve found a modern American kitchen absurdly labor-saving, loe simple for an nrtlst. He would probably leave It te women nnd take te something mere Intricate, But he would recegnli-v Un being n short cut te en end, even If he refused te take Ihat short eu' t . ' - ' i Tcx. -"sMSSi Sill ?& ' -- s-- ::S'awm Sill "- NOW MY IDEA IS THIS! Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphiais en Subjects They Knew Best E. LEWIS BURNHAM On Necessity for Prison Reform THAT the present s.vstem of Incnrcer ntlng convicted prisoners is bndlv in need of revision, both for tlie benefit of the prisoner himself nnd for thnt of society in general, is the opinion of E. Lewis Burn ham, recording secretary of the Penal Re form Society of Penns.vlvatiln. "The gcnernl idea," said Mr. Burnhnm. "that the person who lins offended ngnlnst society mut hnve vengeance wrought upon him, Is fundamentally wrong. Mankind !s working under n cede of rules or ethics de veloped with the thought of making it u comfortable as possible te get along with each ether. Frem time te time, ns public feeling in these matters changes, there have been modifications nnd amendments made in these rules. "Tims, offenders who committed certain offenses were once severely .punished, but sentiment ns regards tlie nnture or the seriousness of the misdemeanor changed, se that in later years n person doing exactly tlie same thing wns much mere leniently dealt with. This constant state of flux makes it almost impossible te define accu rately the status of various offenses in tlie public mind. Severity Net a Deterrent "History hns repeatedly proved thnt mere severity is by no means a deterrent of crime. When there wns an Immense number of offenses en tlie penal cede of England which were puntshnhle with death, the severity of the punishment did net lend te nny fewer number of the Fnmu crimes being committed, nnd this hns been shown again In the recent crime wave in tills country. The Judges have shown nn Inclination te stiffen the sentences considerably, but there has 'been little if any diminution in the num ber of offenses committed, und whnt falling off there" mn; have been Is by no means trneenble te the severity of tlic sentences imposed. ''It is certain that society has the right te protect Itself against the doings of its mere turbulent members; nnd when n person transgresses the accepted rules, society has the equal right te take him In hand and te sce that he clues net de se again? but it lins net the right te wreek vengeance upon him. "As I hnve snd, society must protect itself ngainst misdeed, nnd for Its own pro tection and preservation the offender must be apprcbcnded. But tlie idea of metiburing nn offense by an arbitrary standard of law and meting out te the offender a punishment which in effect equates tlie offense te n cer tain number of jenrs in jail Is neither modern nor scientific. "Fer exnmple, consider n number of men, each of whom has committed the same ot et fense. In spite of this, the detriment or the menace which each one is te society Is net alike ut nil. Vet, nil hnve committed the snme offense nnd under the law nil are therefore liable te exactly the same punish ment. Twe Bread Divisions "There nre two bread divisions of the matter. One relates te the disposition et a person before he has been convicted by the jaw' end the ether ns te what shull be done with him after conviction. The investiga tion new being mode of the criminal courts und the method of procedure by the Phila delphia Bar Association will probably threw some vnlusble light upon the first of these tw'0 matters, nnd the second ene is the ene with which our organization is concerning itself. 'Assuming thnt nn individual has been properly convicted under the Inw, then it is ,l,e further duty of society te study that In dividual nnd te find out whj he censed te jiQ a useful member of his community nnd ll0tf, if at nil, it is possible te lead him back te thut status. "It Is here thnt the rigid sentence brenks down if nil enses nre te be treated alike. nn(j without regard te tlie specific needs of the individual who hns thus come Inte con tact vHb the law. "I think Hint there Is considerable hope jr, the studies of modern psychology and pgychintry which are new being made by some very enlightened men, who are bringing Hjienttfie methods te 'bear upon some of the most intricate problems of the se-cnlled crlmlnnls, "In enses where renllncnicnl Is necessary, there, should be sonic definite classification 'jP ' 922 ) MaaaMMMMaMi DOWN BRAKES nt tlie very stnrt. We have had countless illustrations of the evils of confining petty first offenders with hardened criminals, and ninny a young person who might hnve been made again n useful member of society hns been turned into just tiie opposite course by being Imprisoned nnd brought into contact witli in'uences which, in tlic condition of resent iu.nt which n first imprisonment neatlv ulvvnys engenders, he did net resist. "There Is nlse the matter of the care of necessary witnesses and of uncenvicted per sons. Suitable places of detention should be provided for them, with separate quarters for the different classes of inmates nnd op portunities provided for voluntary labor, physical upbuilding, recreation nnd educa tion. "We should leek upon tlie persons con v lef ed of nn offense net ns men who hnve been put nw'ny for a definite number of months or .venrs. but ns persons who for n time uie out of society nnd who mny return when they hnve given satisfactory proof that they fully intend te abide by its laws and lilies. The Meral Effect "I believe that the mernl effect upon the convicted person of such treatment would ibe very geed. As tlie law is new adminis tered, the feeling Is thnt this person has broken tlie law and he cannot get back until our vengeunce Is satisfied. When this occurs, lie may ngaln be free. The effect of this has been In many cases te make the convicted person feel thnt lie is a 'marked mnn' nnd te instill into htm n rebellious feeling ngnlnst society nnd nil Its works. "The ether method would make such n mnn feel thnt he hnd broken the law, but that lilt, fellow men still hnve an Interest in him, nnd consequently when he is relensert his feeling toward society will be of n differ ent und better nnture. The chances are many te one that n mnn who entertains such n feeling toward his infraction of the lnw unci its consequences will again become a useful member of his community. The ether man certainly will net." I What De Yeu Knew? QUIZ 1. What was the first dally paper in the United States? 2. Whnt Is the salnry of the Vlce President? 3 What is n Rtemmct? 4. What is the origin of the word nrctlc? G. In the reign of what Kmperer did the great fl.re of Itome occur? (!. Who wrote "The Physiology of Tusto"? 7. What Is I'nnliiHkn? 8, Whnt Is n baobab? Si. Whnt Is the origin of the expression. "Harkls Is vvlllln'"? 10. Wlmt is the Unto generally given for the ciucltlxlen? Answers te Yesterday's Quiz 1. A necklnce with u pendnnt Is called a lavnllleie In allusion te the Duehesse de lu Vnlllere, who nincla It fashion fashien fashion nble In France. Her dutta nre 1641. 1710. 2. Tangerines nre Inhabitants of Tangier Morocco, ' 3. The Il.ittle of the Ynlu was nn engage ment fought between the Russians and the Japiinese In 1904. The Jaiianese were victorious. On the hunks of the same river, which is In Manchuria the Jupuncse defeated the Chinese In 1 894. A caique Is ft long, narrow, pointed aklff with from two te ten enrs, used en the JlosperuB. The Flemings nra natives of Flanders of Flemish bleed and descent ; Ucl glans of Dutch descent, The nurechH Is a nearly e.xtlnct Euro pean bison. Death Valley Is In Southeast California. n in mum umii uu ieei uelew bee. level, 8, A simoom, or slmcen, Is n het, dry dust- laden, exhaustliiK wind of the desert ns In Africa and Arabia, The mon soon is a wind thnt blows steudlly along the Asiatic Coust of the Pucllla In winter from the northeast c,rv monsoon) and In Bummer from the southwest (wet monsoon). 9. The musical term gllssande Is the name for .1 sliding effect, as In thu uliivhic of a run en the plaiiofeilo by all'liim the (loners ever tim keys. """ 10, A columbarium Is n clovo-cete. a pigtou pigteu pigtou lielo in ii dove-cotc; In Iteiiinn Iin. liquifies, a scpiilchcr with niches for cinerary urns, A columbarium H HiHO :i hole In the wall ut lliu end ut a beam. SHORT CUTS Last chance for June brides. field bricks, however, are still en the frce list. As for the worries of bonus Senators their name is Legien. Ward says he can't sleep in jail. "What ,1 umii uub uunu inn mny ue. Even though the scores be even. It isn't a case of love-all In Four Courts. Uncle Rnm is new taking his Shipping Beard cocktail with a Dry Navy chaser. Russian spokesmen nt The Hague rc out te demonstrate that lack of money talks. There Is an off chance that Mexico City deplores Mexican banditry ns muchesWaih. ingten. Prof. Bewie, weather prophet, his ex plained tlic dampness of June, but be hasn't justified it. The countercheck quarrelsome havlm been reached In the rail controversy the populace may pray for en "If." Rory O'Connor Is a dandy name for a brave fighter; but vvhut Ireland needs Jmt new is a constructive statesman. King, of Utah, wants a list of the beneficiaries of the pending Tariff Bill. It's a safe bet that Old Mau Consumer won't be in It. Englishmen arc sere new because Tift 1 ion i. ru vifi ea imv uiuuglll un Has, uv 'em time! Give 'cm time! He'll grew en them. When the poet said, "Age cannot wither nor custom stele her Infinite variety, he wns very evidently talking about the weather. One point alone remains te be settled by Peruvians nnd Chileans in conference in Wushingten. That, perhaps, of the tack In Tacna-Arlca. The spirit of the Glorious Fourth con tinues te rush the season. Norristown bej injured by explosion of torpedoes In MJ pocket when he fell. The Senate hnvlng passed the Heuse bill te construct n ilnm nt Muscle Sheals, Mn. Arnbelln Mixing wonders if they are gelnl te use it en Henry Ferd. Twe New Jersey boys hnve died from lockjaw due te Injuries received while play ing with toy pistols. Death hns started his Fourth of July list cnrly tills year. Weman cnndldnte for the nomination for United Stntcs Senate in Nevada gets her crowds by following n circus through tne Stnte. A thimble-rigger could de no mere. Washington botanist has discovered in rdlbln mush room weighing fifteen peundi. "Wnltcr." cried Gnrgnntun. "I am u-nun-gered. Bring me a nlce fresh mushroom sprinkled with u few tender steaks. The frankness with which Senater Geeding admits thnt tariff rates en agri cultural products have been fixed by agree ment with the bloc, solely te permit Increiw In price is probably based en the belief tyii it is wise te stun the victim befere relieving htm of his extra cash. Earnest lexicographer wishes a jingle t fix In his mind the pronunciation of Monace, We hasten te oblige; Mon-u-ce is wrong. Nole the error in time. Se cheerfully, gladly upon a co Partnership basis we fashion this rhyme That henceforth we gamble en Joti-ac' Geed -by, June! Ae are glad te bee j oil Rell Geed-by, June! ., been Damp but Contented knowing. Ceinplnlning. mining, strain ni ever; nervr wnn iiociis-iiecus n ";; we observe. Geed-by, .lune ! Jii y limy l"' J us belter. Geed-by. June! We i5"2Jj disposed te let her. Decamp, ye dainn "- j us happily wu cioen; Geed-by, June; r h ' ... 1 flh IL m&E -dl- m L-m 'm-rtrtf.t H y6a ihAmTC. J I Wtimkj ikAHUXtJ i - g.j& Mja.' . -4
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers