vJvr' M vnr .$ v . fif ' f ri.-,'x,Wf' ,- V -1' ! vy( vPpVWSj ,?,- -,1 n-srTOis-V,r J H. T.8 t& ) :( - ,t K TO HP! i ri ' f i,r 'J-f) '!; Iff M I r. M! ,.' ' jEuenfng "jJubltc Mefeaer PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY tnrntJs it. k. cuims, ruBsmrxT Jehn O, Mirtln, Vice President una Treasurer! Chirlaa A. Tyler. Becreuryt Chnr - II, Luiim. tee, Philip 0. Cellins. Jehn n. Williams. Jehn J. HpurMen, Oeeree P. aeldsmleh, David K. Enillty, jjrtciqrp. AVIDK. SMH.KT TMltnr TJOHN C. MARTIN. ...enrl.nmlnti.Manftar Published dally at Piisuc iTiihich UuildTng , Independence Hquare. Philadelphia 'ATtlime Citt,.., Pren-Vnlen nultdlng Htit TeaK......... ,104 Maillmn Ave. .DsTSOlT T01 Ferd Bulidltiff Ct. Loen. 013 alebt-Demncrat llulldlnc sOmeiOO ...1302 Tribune Hulldlns Nr.wa nunnAt'si TTiiniMfiTOH neurit, N. E. Cor. Pennsylvania Am, nnd 14th St. Njar'TesK Deanc Th Sun llulldlns LearrON Boaue Trafalirar Jltitldlni SUHSCHIPTION TKIIMS The EriNlNd Public Lideih la eenesl te sub aKTlhsrs In Philadelphia and surreundine towns ;t tha rata of twelve (12) cents per week, payable te the carrier. By mall te points outside of Philadelphia In the United Stales, cnnndi, or Cnued Sutee tos tes tos BMsalens, peataca re, fifty (SO) cents par month, BIk (10) dollars per year, paabl In ndvanee Te all foreign countries one ($1) dollar a month, Netio Subscribers wishing nddreis changed must lve old as well as new addrcas. .ttELL. 1000 WALNUT KrYSTONT. MAIN HOI C7-ldrlrrtj oil communicittleru te Evming l'ublle ludeer. Indtpendence Square, 'tH'enf- Iphla I Member of the Associated Preea trnn assectated mess t eiciunvriu f. titled fe the use for republication 0 oil tieiri tiejatchr credited te it or net cthrruist credited tn (Mi paper, and also the local ncu-a published evei etn. All rights e rrpubllcalien of special dispatcher herein are also reserved. (-" ' ' rJiUidtlphli, Saturday, Jtnuir.T IS, 1921 " BOOK "ROMANCE" AND REAL JTIUE newspapers just new ate giving nc ,J. counts of two "romances" such us fur nish the rnw mntertnl for considerable con temporary fiction. The fiction is welcomed with unmeasured pralse by n certain school of eritles with whom the se-called puritanism of America Is unpopular. The men who write it, we tire told, are the first ndults te study the human scene as it U unfolded before our eyes. Their books are called "."treuu tuff," "virile" nnd "realistic"; their predecessors lived in the nursery, told fairy tales for Httle children, nnd ignored the bnsic fart that men nnd women arc animals with jms jms elens wheKQ gratification without reptnrd te consequences is the chief motive of life. The moderns nre selecting their characters from the barnyard, clothing them in the garments of men nnd women and gleinj ever their benlnlities with Mephistophelean Eophlstlcatleus about K,lf-expre,-sien and 'living one's own life in one's own way." Playing with passion Is like plajing with firearms. The person with the weapon may think it is net leaded, but there is no know ing whether it Is leaded or net until the bullet hits its murk. Passion in one of these "romances" was leaded and u man and a woman are dead as a result, and nn Innocent baby hits a s!aer for a mother. Tills Is dramatic, it is true. All drama is the conflict of two wills or two emotions end the climax comes with the final clash. But no history of such a clash of emotions cr wills Is complete which doe net tell the whole story, beginning with the .-.owing of the dragon's teeth of selfishness and ending vrlth the crop of tinned devils that tear the victims llmli from limb. "Remance" in real life is squalid, bestial and destructive. WAR NEUROSIS SENATOR RRANDEOHE'S suggestion that qualified neurologists be appointed te determine, bv direct examination, yyhethcr much of the testimony given te a congressional committee by former soldiers We told of murder and efiieial abuses in the army 'wns nH tlip result of war neurosis Is net se irrational as It will found te some jieenle. It is apparent that at least a few fenner soldiers notably one cr two of these who have been writi'ig heiks have In i-n permitting their hntred of war te turn Inte hatred of nil the means by which ordinarily peaceful people had te save themselves from conquest. But why should the neurologists limit their attention te former soldiers? Half the people of the world are still touched with war neurosis of one form or another. What else Is the matter with the ruling group of French pi'litleiens? Wiv i neneus eis.ij. clen and hate of neiehbnHni; eonntrles prevalent in almost every landV Why de come members of Congress jump when you talk of anything like normal relationships Vrlth Europe? If It were possible te (.wct-p out of the collective mind of humanity three-quarters of the Impressions created by manufactured war propaganda, all peoples would be able te view the world rationally and fewer pro fessors would be writins gloomy volumes expressive of doubt of the nblllty of our present civilization te enuure. IF BRYAN COMES BACK YT "WILL be nice te Lave William Jen ,1. njngs Brynn back in public life If the people of Flerida are determined te tend him te the Sennte nnd he, de-pite all the coy denials nnd the poeh-poohing of cu tent Interviews, is determined te be sent. Mr. Bryan is a vivid ami ersatile per sonality, and he will return te the political fctagc with a let of the geed nnd wholesome stuff of old-fashioned drama te remind us pleasantly of the America that used tu be before the war. These returns of the old itara are always welcome. They touch the htart nnd they revive fend memories. Mod ern politics is like many of the modern plays. It Is filled with the nervous strain of stark realism. The men who new occupy the center of the stage nt Washington ur- en&t in e Btupendeus and rather somber drama. They have te interpret subtle motifs unci they have te work through as best they can te a happy ending of a tragedy that Includes nil the world and virtually all the world's affairs. The action Is slew. The scene Is ominously clouded. That being tie case, the country we mean the audience wlli rejoice in nn occasional Interval of the lighter nnd simpler drama which It learned te love In the blessed days of peace and tiatlenal Ingenuousness. It Is n long time t-ince It Im had an opportunity te tee the villains 0f Wall treet skulking en the stage with knives In their teeth for the downtiedden f.inner or te thrill nt the dreadful aspault of the' Tariff Maker upon the Humble Heme. Mfllbe! Hew time files: We ure .ettin" old. Once upon a time Mr. IJrvan could Nvrlng our national heart and make us feel that his stuff was the htuff tlmf lid. r ,. than dreams, Is made of. New we turn te him With the queer pangs of mingled loin lein inir and delight that attend any sudd-n memory of old and beleml times.' I'hr.iugli mist that easily ma bceen),, t -nr we hall watch his cruel Wall treetcrs swag- 1- per uoeut tlirlr Ureautnl works mid beheld , mickcu Jicntniieiins grinilng humble farm a era under heel. Avf Thtsa (hint's will lm nu refrn.l.ln.. , .i.i JJL. wlmlu ttlld c.ies as Eliza Is when she cmusc 'fif the ice; as prelUic of tender, emotional inumlse as Jesh Whlteemb appears when jtunus at me portals et tirace Chinch nlnjr te the chlmcH of Yule and wen- w about the vl-oreabeutN of his lest isW. They shall iii.ike us appreciative of he times that were. They ahull make us wistful, We will net knew, overwhelmed as yre will he by the tides of memory. Nvbether te l.iueh or te cr) . nnd some of , ' t 4.TT'U compromise by doing Leth. Fer who would net wish that the drnmn In which the Dcninan Thompson of American poli tics loves te plaj were actually reflective, In all Its fine earnestness nnd simplicity, of contemporary life? Hew hnppy we should be, hew bright and pleasant and sure the prospect would appear for nil America. If there were no problems mere pnluful und complex I linn thntc created In the past by the Wicked Republicans of legend nnd the relatively naive malefactors of Wall fctrcct! WANTED A GENOA PROGRAM "niVKN Mr. Lloyd (Scorge, that censplcu---' eus champion of the Genea Conference, has refrained from outlining Its possible procedure. Concerning general principles, the Brit ish 1'ilnie Minister has waxed enthusiastic. He has pictured n cenelne engaged in the vital tiu-k of rehabilitating Europe. The entire world is In a mood te applaud this sketch. There Is no argument about the need for iececry or the necessity of substituting co-epcrntlon nnd friendly ac cord for dark suspicions nnd iintngenlsms. But the conference te be useful must be mere than a pretentious mouthpiece for avowed onimenplaccs. The delegates nt Cannes realized this need and were nt work upon n definite program agenda, In the diplomatic lingo when the I'olncnre revolt turned back the currents of progress. But there arc often limits te the most sensational obstructionism, nnd Indications nre net wanting that morning-after proc esses are already at work In France. Phi lippe Millet, foreign editor of the Petit Pnrlslen, frankly asserts that "this greatest European democracy" must nbnnden Its reckless career of self-delusion If It wishes te retain the geed will of ether nations. The Midi, this same discerning commen tator emphatically Informs his countrymen, scouts the fantastic Idea of foreign plots against Fiance, and attributes the attitude of ether nations, particularly the Fnlftl States, te misgivings, sincerely If reluc tantly entertained. It ij the best of signs that the French sense of realities, long regarded as n n.i n.i tlennl characteristic, appears te be reawak ened. As additional proof of this revival, there nre the nctleiis of M. Pelncure, which, when nnnlyzed. scarcely measure up te the pugnacity of his pronouncements. This clearing of the air, however, in creases the responsibilities of the engineers of the Genea meeting. Th agenda-makers should resume their work, rudely lntr- rupted u few weeks age. . While It Is unreasonable te be violently skepticnl of Lloyd Geerge's pmacia before It i even tried, th"re is nothing extrava gant in the desire for nn Itemized list of subject.! te be discussed nt the conference nnd for some exact definition of the status of the guests. It may be presumed that Colonel Harvey was In quest of information en these lines in his interview with Premier Pelncnrc. The frank participation of France In the parley would unquestionably go f.ir te re move the fenrs of obscurantism raised when the long-suffering Brland resigned. It Is absurd te suggest that America is net interested In the Genea project. But It would be equnlly unwle te tak" part in proceedings the character of which had net been clearly set forth i:i advanc. A play bill of the dran.a which has been heralded as e momentous Is esFcntlul. Much of the success of the Washington Conference can be ascribed te the diplo matic scenario dispatched In advance by Mr. Hughes te all the guts. The dispo sition of the Administration te wait for nn authoritative summ.iry of intentions u en tirely justified. TALK BETTER times migl't be brought nearer if most of the people who are telling the country what is the matter with it would get down te useful work. There is nn enor ener enor meus army of them swelling the ranks of the unemplevcd. On- of the first battlecries of the fanners who nre behind the. present ble- was coined te express impatience with the talkers. "The ceiintrj," said nn nngiy spokesman for the fanners of the Middle West, "is filled tilth people who, though they never did a useful bit of work In th ir lives, are loudly demanding thut the rest m" u get busy." W. J, Bnlley, former Governer of Kansas, recommended in a public address nt St. Jeseph, Me., that the people of the I'nited States lock up their meter, nrs for a j ear i:i order te husten the return of prosperity. Mr. Bnlley Is a tvplcal talker. The meter industry is the second largest In the country. Mnn millions of people nre engaged In it and ether milli-ms drhe meters and keep them In order, and motertrucks were established Ions age as efficient means of tranfpert. Presumably .Mr. Bailey knows where jobs nre te be had for the millions whom he would cast out of their present places. COAL CONTROL THE bill introduced Inte the Ne- Yerk Legislature by Asscinblj iiinu Cosgrove providing for the appointment of a State commission te cotittel the production, trans portation, distribution anil sale of coal, weed and coal prod tit ts is net likely te be passed, but it is sjinpteinatle, as the medi cal men would say. It will net be passed because Mr. Cos Ces grove is n Democrat and the Legislature Is Republl'.'in. Ne Important measure intro dined by u member of the opposition ever becomes a law. The party in power Insists, nnd rightlv. uii framing all bills tl.nf receive its approval. But there is undoubted dissatisfaction with the method of distribution nnd selling of coal, net only in New Yerk, but in every ether Stutu. About twenty years age David IS. Hill, then a I'nlt'"! States Senater, pro posed that tin Federal Urn eminent tnke ever all the coal mir.es. This was when mining had stepped beeaue of a strike in tin anthradte fields and ieal was selling for the unprecedented price of HI 5 a ten, and we- ditlieu't t" get even then. 'i'l.t price of coal has been as high as it wts In li)02 for many months without any strike te Interrupt prodnuien. If the con sumers can get lelief in no ether way the preposition of Mr. Hill, whiih was rldi r nl ! at the time, may begin te receive serious r onsideintlen. ALONE IN CUBA THE in'tieu of tin State mid Xnv. He. partuients in rirtlcrin; the evacuation by Anurlciin marines of the town of Camiiguev. in Centnil Cuba, can scnrul be called prompt, but It bus at leut the virtue of decisiveness. The entire episode Is n characteristic Instance of the difficulty of moving the wheels of governmental niu chlnery. The origin of the invasion was legitimate enough force of marines wns ordered te Cninnguey In 1!17 te proton that impor tant railway Junction from German pb fte-s, and especially te effect their suspected lu- EVENING PUBLIC LEDGERr I tentlens ngnlnst the sugar crop. Cuba was our niiy (luring the war nnd naturally the protection which we were enabled te nfferd her Interests was net resented. s But conditional changed when the occupa tion seemed te acquire a permanent nspect. Fer the last two jcars there has net been the nUghtcst excuse for maintaining Ameri can troops In Camagucy, With considerable patience the Cubann lime pleaded for a withdrawal of the de tachment. Sener Cepedes In Washington has lately pressed the case. IBs arguments were recently rc-cnferccd by General Crowder In his report en conditions In the island. Te cap the climax, there hnve been no counts of friction between the nntlves nnd the tiny "army of occupation," or 275 men. Secretnry Denby hns issued the order for retirement. The orcupntlen wns In no sense nn In In stnnce of deliberate nggresslen. Its singu larity consists In its obscurity. Beth the Government nnd the public seemed te have forgotten a fact of which the Cubans were only tee well aware. The lest legion was serving no purpose save that of Illustrating gaps In official machinery. Mr. Denby Is te be congratulated for categorically authorizing the retreat. The marines will be moved te Guantnnnme, the I'nited Stntes Naval Station In Cuba fully covered by the Plntt amendment. The pest-wnr policing of Camnguey had no such warranty. It is n curious, yet typical, manifestation of administrative lnertiu. THE THIRD DEGREE AGAIN NOT long age we took occasion te refer In these columns te nn obvious disposi tion of police In all American cities te put Increasing dependence upon the Third De gree that method of secret torture and ter rorism by which detectives attempt te force from suspects the sort of Information which they themselves have net the Initiative or the Intelligence te obtain In lcgitlti.ate ways. New the Third Degree Is coming pretty generally into print. Reasons are accumu lating te force the public te a general Kcrutlny of it. Magistrate Cerrlgan, in New Yerk, who has had long experience with police technique an it is applied In cities, has just sent n patrolman te jail for beating a man whom he had first locked up. "Xe citizen," snld the magistrate, "whether he is Innocent or guilty, can feel safe from the abuses of the Third Degree." Een mere significant Is the nature of tin defense being prepared for Luther Buddy, the Xegre caught in this city and 'eat te Xeiv 'Verk te stnnd trial for the killing of two detectives Who lind arrested him. Beddy's lawyers will charge that their client had been se rejulurly mauled nnd abused In pollce stations by detectives who sought te force from him Information which he did net possess, thnt fear of policemen became nn obsession in him nr.d that terror finally drove him temporarily Insane. Exaggerated as such claims may be, there is enough background te them te indicate a need for a general examination of the theory upon which the practice of the Third Decree is established. It Is a matter of general knowledge that suspects arrested under criminal charges are often beaten, threatened nnd otherwise mal treated behind the closed doers of pollce burenus. Innocent men have been sub jected te this sort of terrorism. And there is no process of law by which tven innocent persons may hope te save themselves from actual torture if circumstantial evidence happens te point against them. The Third Degree in applied immediately after an nrrest. ns a usual thing, and before the accused has an opportunity te engage or communicate with a lawyer. In answer te criticism of this relatively new and extra-legal practice the police will sny that they heve nowadays te deal with a peculiarly shrewd mid conscienceless let of criminals, that criminals are often organ ized for their own defense and that police organizations have net been expanded and equipped te cope en e en gteunds with habitual violators of the- law. All this is in a sennc true. But it i seriously te be doubled whetNr ach knowledge should net lend te better nnd mete scientific police methods rather than te the re-etabllshmcnt of methods of torment which were supposed te have been cast aside in the Middle Ages. BLITHE DAYS OF NELLIE BLY DOFBTLESS he -m ! ileeists could pioe that all wuj net take, and uie in the blithe days when Nellie P.iv r .. lied the Imagination of the world by outstripping the Imagination of Jules Verne. In retrospect, however, this planet In the dim distnnt dajs of s,s,9 nppenrs te hnve been a rather jellv resilience. Assuredly Its Inhabitants were deeplv and joyously Inter ested In th glebe-girdling exploit of Mrs. Elizabeth Senmnn, the Xcllle Illy of news paper chronicle. Her death in New Teil; yestenlay sug gests the severance with n past thnt Is new scarcely understood. A k'nd of breezy in genuousness was one of its prevailing char acteristics. Mrs. Sceninn circled the earth in seventy two days, six hours nnd eleven minutes, surpassing the fictitious achievement of the hypothetical Plnlens Fogg It seemed an epoch-making feat, a magnificent testimony te the grandeur of civilization. Wars were obsolete, medieil. It wr.s 11 goodly world nnd bexlshlv self-assured. This Illusion endured te the very brink of cntnstrephe and lncvltnbly glebe-circling beenme u popular diversion. Henrv Fred crick In lftOIt reduced the tim te fifty-four days. Andre Jaeger-Si hinldt In 1011 operated en a thlrtj -nlne-duy schedule and Jehn Henry Mears, the theatrical publicity mini, whizzed round this i evolving ball In 1!iF5 in thirty-five days, twenty-one hours and thirty-six minutes. It was grent fun. Possibly time, with its adjustments, will bring 'i ti'vlvul of the spnrr ti rid n reawaken ing of interest in the unclouded amenities of existence. Perhaps airplanes will smash all records. MennUiIle the rushing glebe-trotters nre rare. Passports, obligations, chaotic trans trans trans portrtlen conditions, red tii'iij and bureau crat! wnrin-ss are sufficient te discourage n" 'en the hi' -t Ini'ietneu aspirant" It is doubtful If even the heentv-twe-dn i coerd could be duplicated unless the victim were endowed with something like su crhuman pnt'ence. Dr. Lewell, the presl presl Seme Costly clout of Harvard, nays Keilnients we should learn te de bv doing. It is un ex cellent rule In college and tKcwhere, but It neraIennll has us drnwhinks. It would le exeellint In Cen less, for instnne, If It uni is 'ih'iel te the putting thleugh of il ,.. ..,,.i V ilnilnl .t rntlen uregram. It be- I (eiiies ii limine wnen Cengiesbinen appear le k tin ' tsii.iiu "inj dj puiung ene ueue alter another The girl of today i net u bit different from the ,'i'i of yosteid'iv. sn MI s Coriune Arrnld. Rlght-e We knew the truth euld come out sooner or later. Linguist lcallj unci sai'terlully just a sLude less rellccnt, thnt Is all. Tin Prince of Wa'es, according te In tere'led tepeit is he'tig 'i re fli Went t- '. 'c-'inn pints of India. "Well," remarkel the Yeung Lady Next Pi r But One, ' I guess he gcta tired of chatter new and then." - PHILADELPHIA, SATURDAY, JANUARY A WONDERFUL LAND Abyssinia Is Beautiful and Its Armies Have Never Been Beaten, Says Censul Qeneral Campbell Its Capital a City of Mud Dwellings By GEORGE NO.V McCAIN GERALD CAMPBELL, British Censul General lu Philadelphia, who leaves In n few dnys for his new pest In San Fran Fran ciseo, bus had a most luterestlng and varied career. There arc few men of rank in Britain's diplomatic service who have net had similar experiences, however. Mr. Campbell has been schooled net only In European capitals, but In some of the most out-of-the-way places of the world en two hemispheres. There ere few In the consular service, I fancy, who hac experienced such rate op portunities for seeing humanity lu the mass at its best nnd worst. Ills experience as British resident at the Court of Abyssinia wus perhaps the most unusual, and he talks most entertainingly about it. Before quoting Mr. Cnmpbell en the sub ject, the following facts about the little known land nre Interesting: TUB nume Abyssinia Is from the Arabic word Habesch, menntng mixture, nnd refers te the mixed character of the people. The country hns an area of about -00,000 equate miles poorly defined. It Is supposed te contain a little mero than 4,000,000 Inhabitants. It Is a mountainous country, many of the peaks being almost perpetually covered with snow. The climate Ib one of the most salubrious en the face of the glebe. Abyssinia is one of the most ancient mon archies in the world. The legendary ancestress of Its royal line is the Queen of Shcbn. The prevailing religion Is n very corrupt form of Christianity, professed by a possible majority of the peeple and the reigning family. Its language, religion and literature Is the Amhnrlc, with a mixture of Arable and some Greek roots. LITERATURE in Abyssinia nmeunt te little. Whnt there is denls with religion and history. Agriculture is the principal Industry, al though cotton cloth, leather and parchment nre exported nnd Iren nnd brabs are manu factured In a primitive way. Its spldiersj In Menclck'H time, Its greatest modern ruler, were recruited largely from the Gulla race. They came from the Seuth nnd nre still fierce, turbulent und difficult of control. Geld In small quantities, Iverj , slaves, coffee, leather, hides, wax and honey are the principal experts. A railroad 500 miles long runs from Djlbutl en the Gulf of Aden te the capltul, Ad is Abcba. DR. DONALDSON SMITH, et this city, who some years nge delivered n number of lectures en Africa, bad some interesting experiences in Abyssinia, He was proceeding westward from the Gulf of Aden through Southern Abyssinia when he was halted by n native general nnd bodyguard. He was ordered te proceed no further without the permission of the Negus Mcne lck. A letter dispatched te the Emperor brought his refusal, written In French, te Dr. Smith's marching further Inte the country. As the result the explorer had te turn back and make it long detour southward bu bu fere he could proceed west again. Rulers of thnt country have nlways, down te the present, endeavored te prevent travel by white men anywhere in their country. CONSUL GENERAL CAMPBELL, In n very entertaining talk about the little known country, tells me that there Is but ene American in Abyssinia se fur as lie knows. He is a colored man, n blncksmlth, and ns the United States has no consular repre sentative nt Adls Abebu he Is under British care. "The capital, Adis Abeba, hns a shifting population of about L'0,000." said Mr. CeninLell. "except when some of the big chiefs come In with their armies and camp en the outskirts for n week or se. Then the population rises te perhaps fiO 000. "The capital Itself is a collection of houses with mud walls nnd thatched reefs. "The horses and donkey h nre sheltered under the same reef with the family. "There nre no streets te speak of, merely country leads. "In winter they nre all right, but In sum mer and after a ruin the nie really im passable. "One or two of the thoroughfares nre paved with stone. Tin re are raised stepping stones whose purpose It would seem Is te lamp the ponies and donkeys. The market place lu also pacd with stones nfter n fashion. "The principal European countries are represented at the Abyssinian Court.'' con tinued Mr. Campbell. "There arc French, Turkish, Itnlian, Rtisslnn, Greek nnd Brit ish there. We take care of the interests of the United States. "There was an Amcrlcnn dentist named Leve at the enpitnl during BH.'l and 101-1, but there are very few white men cf any nation in tin country. it A DLS ABEBA occupies a beautiful site -rV 8000 feet above the sen. "It lies at a distance of 000 miles from the sea roast, and it requires three days te make the journey. "The French built the rnllread and they weru ten je. is engaged In th" enterprise. It was completed te the capital about two years age. "After the death of the Emperor Menelek his ncplitvv, Lij Yiissu, succeeded te the throne. "lie was a hlglt-llier and er.v dissolute. He get mixed up during the World War wl'h the Germans nnd Turks and whs ,. denverln,- te aid them In fomenting a Mos lem levoh.tieii. "lie was deposed lu favor of the Empress JJunditJ. v I. i still reigns. "Abjssinia Is one of the few ceuntiies where one can still find excellent big game hunting. P requires special permission, heweuT, from the sovereign te undertake a hunting expedition. "Aussiiilu, as a whole, is n beautiful country Tii.t absolutely undeveloped. "I have no doubt that It Is rich In min erals. Toward Semallliind traces of oil hnve been discovered, and I understuiid that a concession of some kind has been grunted for this. "Tplin Abyssinian Army has never been J- beaten except some years age, when a Riltish iunltlve expedition chastised it. "The soldiers are armed with rifles and they have some old-fashioned French breech breech leading cannon and u mitrailleuse or two and some ether machine guns. "They can use their machine guns nil right as long as they ate in order, but once tlicy nre broken thev have no way of repair ing them In the field. "Abvsslnlans of the south are rather dnrk, while these of the north are a llcht. or cop-' per color Thev have Semitic feature nnd held theinseUes proudly aloof from the negreid i lice. "Thej have a written history, though I fail' y It Is a rather desultory affair. "On one or two occasions when it question of the past came up. the Emperor would send fur a boeh of history and read from It In my presence. "Abyssinia's great need," sold Censul Cam'ibel1. In conclusion, "Is exploration and exploitation-''' Back In the Early Days Frem tha fit- fxiulu Pes Dlnnatch. Under present conditions some of the I'll prim father, would have wanted te keen the Mayflower outside the three-mile limit. MfiLvLFls 'Vi''jl3i' r- NOW MX IDEA i3 LtilSl Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia en Subjects They Knew Best O. L. PREBLE Talls of Inductrlal Relatiene AMONG the problems with which the grent Industries of the country are con fronted tedny, none is of greater importance nor quite se delicate ns the relations with the working force. This is the opinion of O. L. Preble, of this city, who during the war was placed In churge of the Industrial relations of the shipbuilding nnd rcpnlr ynrds of New Englnud and the Grent Lakes district by the United Stntes Shipping Benrd. where he had ubeut 00,000 men under his direction. "One of the principal elements of trouble," snld Mr. Preble, "Is the mental attitude of the average workman, who tecis thnt he is being exploited by his employers. As a c-ensrquence, he takes but little interest lu his emp eyer's problems, bellevlug lliciir te be something quite npnrt from himself. He believes, fuithcrmere, that the way te retaliate Is te get as much as he can anil te give as little ns possible in return. "Such n mental attitude is all wrong, of course, and, in the final analysis, is an in jurious te the workman ns te the employer. And vet, at the same time, 1 ennnet wholly condemn them for it, because In some eases they have been badly led and In ethers they hnve been sadly neglected by their em ployers. Net Wholly a War Cause "I have, perhaps, a little diffeicnt angle en this mutter, us I have been both un em ployer nnd nn empleye nnd had charge of the l.iber relations In New England and in the Great Lakes district for the Shipping Beard. Therefore I have experienced both sides nnd also ncted ns in biter. "The present mental attitude of the work ers is net altogether the result of being polled during the war years, as se many seem te believe. War conditien: undoubt undeubt cdlv developed it mere rapidly, but it hnd hern gradually coming en for some jeers prier te the war. The best eidence of this Is the fact thnt there, were about .1,000,000 organized workers in the country nt the be ginning of 1017. The rapid growth of the unions timing the war v..is due te the in creased daring nnd confidence en the part of the workers who hud long before become ceiivinieil of the need of organisatien, but had net tin- courage of their convictions, "In these Industries where the manage ment hud left the lalier pViev te each fore fere mnn and fe't that te Interfere was te lessen the control of the feieinan nnd thus nt lenst pnrtlallv te aulnert discipline-, nbuses crept lu which had much te de with creating the present mental attitude of the- w inkers. Why Workers Organized "The workmen felt themselves deserted: (hey dared net express themselves freely and they thep-fere turned te organization n their only means of se'f-pioieetien. They supported that organization, even when their leaders pieveit te be unworthy, much le the surprise of the public us well as of their employers, because it seemed te thein their only hope. "The workers' mental attitude may be attributed te luck of personal contact; lack of an opportunity te express ideas and opin ions freely without fear of consequences; lack of security In permanent employment; lack of n coinlctlen that a square deal wl'l lie given under all circumstances; Ignorance of the rnipleyeis' limitations ; the less (through specialization) of the creative In stinct In Industry ; a feeling of helplessness and a conviction thnt no recognition or re wird will be given for personal qualities or geed serice, and thut iiilvanc-enu nt depends upon 'pul'.' "Workers, as n rule, want no coddling or pnternalisile control eer their pilvate nffalrs, bur the employer who desires eco nomical ami maximum production must un derstand that upon him rests a iiieiiNlhillty which lie must fulfill; he must sec thnt weiktrs are protected in their just rights and that every man secures the justice te which he is entitled. If he does net de this lie must net be.surprlsed when worker ap pear te be shortsighted In the methods they ein.iley for what they deem te be their ewii protection. The Right Mental Attlttide "In these Industries where perseunl con tact wns maintained between the manage merit and the men prier (e the war and where a sympathetic understanding existed we find nn entirely different attitude en tlm part of the workmen toward the necrsity for lower production cnnts, which results In co -operation Instead of antagonism 28, 1922 SOLID? 'Certain successful industries have es tablished personal contact between the men and the management and given the workmen fi chnncc te express their Jdens nnd opin ions. They sometimes sny some things which hurt the pride of management, but which are often well worth listening te. These establishments have convinced their men by acts that they nre secure in their em ployment us long ns they give geed service, and they have free ncccss te the manager or a responsible representative, which has n wholesome effect upon the foreman In several ways. They have been shown that they will receive a square ileal under all circumstances, nrjd they are given nil the information pos sible upon these of the management's prob lems which they might help te aelvc. A .Mutual Preposition ,.l?i"'.m:,nnp',"(,"ts of tllC!- Industries talk r viV'li "!,""'" the things in which both are iimily Interested nnd conditions which tic men may help by their work te belter, fnmiiv".? ."Jl"',JCls "f the same industrial -eMllnr- ' 1,?tl,,nre prosperous or net, nc !nilnu5.,l ul,,,,1",r they together make the nei I L1 r.'ST.cin.is; e,. cnnnet bf preg. s v l, ',.thL' tl,cr ,'"" ('""1 '" leRcth,.r. Hlme p,n,,t mubt rlse r tM ic,."i!tla rc,w,.ri1 U Provided for extra serv- he r rcwnivi urn ihnve betm ""v.iicfil that uieir reward will he commensurate with the fil efZ'LVU' hiK''7-"i Potions slble ,L ii s T'1"'"1 wln'vcr that is pos- ?uV'iffiSf." bcc" crcnlJ"" "After all, the se-called 'labor problem' res"," 8 wliYe,n,:iB1'r0,,mn,t,,,r- ' te Vst tMeVlniS wwm What De Yeu K new.' QUIZ 1. What famous Amerlcnn .iu. ninnil.-r whs born inn ."l,nr" l'om l'em April? r" ll' ! nK0 In I-'. What is cochineal" . In what hook of the nihle is ti, of (Jeiiath related? ' t,lu eter' 4 Name tlnep irient in..in , . In Semitic rnrcV ,UIle" erlglrmtlnir ; 'i&d1 or te Answers te Yesterday's QUr 1. The .nnt.ln.li ' MUIZ Krani-i, philosophers and -.).?.' eup ,of drew up the famous F,..0,''r8 wl'e India of the e qht If 'i?'1 ncvde. IVAIen-bert. nirb-Vm t " "-entury Menies tu"i w reU;,,JL,",M'u and Union,, n ii. .' ""us or ante In tn.. w. , t ...,' Mi r.e n,i- csuliin.. "l """"' "d French which w.-u. form, ily en.- ,?." rl"' of Hi.. ItemJi, r&WHB f iV'0 tl,lfa "('revest lrrlKl. l)u,le-r " " ,w C. Ihr- greatrst rhr-i It, rhirei,,. ,i. ,. , Hews Inte the fasp'.in s!,. "10 1kb, C' ''"in'Ts'le U"",llU"' '""'" Union 7. Mr Uucihle, In Dickerm- --nil,. declared, '"Well' SfSnf?1 hlfl ? "l1, " law Is a ims up a Idiot" UWl ,i"1 s. Itciiibrnn.lt, the i -r l.rntci Jluth ..,. 0 A cnrrulc, or cnrei ! c n Mini m i MVP of hurtlen, also nm I for n V,l lllK. form-Hy ns, il I), th- biii',iu.!UI,t: Pet tun ties..' n Rii"eon ' i-'.'. '.""' cam. te America In a barrack ""1,1U3 10. A flfe-rail Is a .rail awund th mlnmast j fu ship, the ran oent-unirXlayrn'r cenhpl -neils lemlrrs of ih . mn which constituted aerl,,'"'..''"''";. oivlUuien prier in i, . " '"W The Aim-i Iran pesJcsk o,!s'eefre ""en. .'.nd,,,q;je'Ie,1,3 SHOUT CUTS The world Is a mirror. Is flat. Vellva aaya it It Is a cold day when the paragrapher can't get a rise out of the mercury. Flerida faces freezing weather. Tills is the time when Palm Bench suits don't. A Berlin firm has bought thirty BrltMi warships for demolition. Laber of love. Henry Ferd secma confident that Muscle Sheala will provide its own sinews of war, Spokane and Seattle seismographs record slight earth tremors. Mether Earth shim mying. Even the most advanced feminist '.u admit that n husband's nnrne Is all right en a charge account. A whistling rabbit has been found by climbers em Mount Everest. Probably whistling te keep up Its courage. The World Congress of the Irish race In Paris Is net deterred by the fact that the Government it new opposes In an Irish one. It may be that after the Reddy trlsl Is ever some investigation will be made of the beatings the Negro was given by the police. New Yerk woman Is suing for separation becausi her husband since their marrlttgt bus fed her exclusively en pea soup. Natu rally she feels like giving him beans. Japanese-Chinese accord en the Shan tung question is confidently expected by the Arms Conference. There seems te be ma terial here for the prize optimist otery. The Sesqul-Centennlnl will advance Philadelphia n century, says James M. Beck. The only security It demands, Inci dentally, Is the hardest kind of hard work. Dr. Fitch, of Amherst College, says the average uildergrndunte Is nothing mert or les thnn a complicated ass. But why the 'complicated'? and why pick en the undergrnd? Demosthenes McGinnis given It as his opinion thnt the only reason flappers haven't declared for trousers Is that the bifurcated garment would prevent tbcra from showing their knees. Prof. E. G. Slider, of New Yerk Uni versity, snys the average student Is n pea nut who would be the better for a geed spanking. Frem which we gather that seen rtudents nre net adequately Instructed. Newark, N, J,, school director seeks te cover the bare knees of high school glrlj before his term ends five dayn hence. Hut whnt will hnppcn te the knee.s of the god desses Is new en the knees of the gods. Ambassador Harvey, It Is snld, will tell Premier Pelncnrc that the United States mav consider being represented nt the deaea conference If France consents te full par par tlcinatlen. Case of "After you, my diar Alpliense." Thousand) of crews are menacing the fielch In Hie Cumberland Valley, where rtie corn has been left standing during the win ter, anil the secretary of the geme commis sion has b"en summoned by the farmer. Funni thing about tli-se e-revs. Net ft darned one of them wltl resign, Camden woman, thought Insane, turn out te be suffering from starvation. This gives tang te the news that the Bronx County, N. Y.. Sheriff Is feeding his prison' ers en football diet. He Is going te maKf nthleteii of them, he --. What is beltl; made of hungry outsiders? Camden thief e-ntci-s bakeries, IgnerM cash, steals cinnamon buns. Because ne llcl.s the molasses off 'cm, cats the raisins and throws the buns uwaj. the jet Ice " looking for a dein"iited man. llsh. t1", nnd likewise pooh! Loek for a fat u whose appetite U bigger than his tummy or his purse. What the agricultural bloc wants is net nlwn's ch-slinbli, mm net be always W'se; In iintlied- are net always pralsewnrtli) . but It may b said, at lenut, that sticni'th Mes in the fart that It hiiewn nxnctly what It wnnts nnd gee.i after It Is a method that has spelled success for many groups, both geed nnd bad, in me past, c.ua fr.. r. 4,' tfi.Ji.ti
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers