liar . IV 'KM 'THc ' l (I J1 L..1 M W h. . P'rLfl i..i i f! " 'iV' ifSY 'l .. ikm1: " i-i ir. ,r-wM tnw ti 'i ." Kw 114 . v.i ,i f-wjkins .-4BJ. - j b i H (I B I Hi! ill I lV '. W '11 f ft? K'l UV . B ?1 vM m tn "?- i Vtn m it.f i h uul iui mm li i. ., S ,',' $, 't A'.V. ntr feiv" 'g Euenmg public Htbtz PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY ?' JB evnus it k. cuims, rrstrBNT "i ieTm- C, Mrtln, Vlca Weald-nt iind Treaatiren trit A. Tyler, Bfcreiary; tnnrn 11. i.uain. i'Phllln 8. Collin. Jehn It; William. Jehn J. urifen. Oeerca F. Goldsmith, David U. Smllay, tort. tAVD E. BMII.KT Editor .WHN C. MAttTIN. .j, 0ntrl Bualnam Manar Published daily at Pcblie Lrean Building lndftvndencs Hquar. Philadelphia. Atlantic Cut... Press'Vnlen Building T.rw YanK 314 Madlsen Ave. Drnterr. 701 Ferd Hulldlr.it IT, Leuis , 013 Olobe-Demetrat llulldlns; Olioieo...... 11102 Tribune Building NKWS nUUEAl'S. tVilttlMOTOIt BCIRAQ, NV K. Cor. rnniylanU Aw and 14th SI ;Ktr Tekk Reiiiu.... Thu Sun Ilutldlne 'I-eMfO.s Beric Trafalgar Building sunsrniiTieN tkhms Th EriNINn Publio I.cixita la nerval te null nrlbera In Phlladelrhla nnd aurreundlnK town at th rate of twelve (IS) centa par week, payable 10 the carrier. By mall te points eutalde of Philadelphia In the United Htatea. Canada, or United Plates poi pei poi eaalene, peatage free, fifty (BO) centa per month, Blx (a) dellara per enr, payable In advance. Te all foreign countries one ttl) dollar a month. Netice Subscribers wlihlng address changed must the old na well aa new address. TlltX. 3000 VAL.MT KL STONE. MAIN 1601 C7yl'(trraa all rommunlratlens te Evening l'ublle ledger. Indrytndence fiquart, Philadelphia Member of the Associated Prcis TJIB ASSOCIATED riJCSS If eseluUvtlu ei tllleil fe the ujr or republication e all ntivt ditpatchei credited te it or net otherwise credilcJ in this pater, and also the local ntu'j published therein. XII rlphfa (V republication of special dltpatchee herrln are also reserved I'hiUJ.lphi., Thnridi;, Jinuirr l:, llii CRIPPLINb WELFARE WORK WITH only Sl'.'.OO nvnitnblc In lt trcnviiry for outdoor relirf, dip Dcimrltnrnt uf Public M'rlfitri- 1 hi wlnttT m'.-imjii Is im im PTCSslve cltlelly in ttx 1iIs1i-"eiiiiiHiib title. In llic bcxt of limes winter lonilltiens in larse Amcriciin citir rnir futiniiliibli' Miritil liroblein's. Wlttinnt ilUi'ieilittns ll" fereri if ppoliemir :nljntmeiii. wlmh tlieucli ',mv Jire f-tcntly. it must be lenrrilt'il llm' the nit nit rmpleynicni situntlyii In lMiilii(lilibiii iitt'l floewlieie i" till nrnte. t ennell is the rtioncy-tetins nRi'iiry in wliieli telief by the Municipality must line if eri?ln iiutl Coun cil lias been llngtnntly lax. The AVelfnrc Deimitineiit iie.e?scs the ' administrative machinery. ThN cannot function nt n rritlcal jiini'tuie. Tin mu nicipal appropriation K wretehedly insiitli cicnt. 1'rlvnte aceneles throughout I he city, lietably the Society for Organizing t'harilj. are prcswd te the limit of I heir iivcf. In n year marked by exceptional pm-per-Ity the citv would s-till lie under obligation te ullcvintc condlllens of xuffering and iil" trcss. The work is legitimate and does m.t imply any practnc aeilns of pauperiza tion. The niggard!ine"s of Council has refilled Ip the partial breakdown of a highly ne(e. Fnry branch of the city geiernuienl. A loosening of pur-e strings l impeintne. Theoretically the Welfare Department is niulpped, but nothing i.iu be done willieul dequnte funds. A PROPER REDEDICATION 'A SENSK of the proprieties anil of lu XX terlcal fitness is asserteil in Majer Moere's ifreparaliens for the rededication of the old Supreme Court building and quondam city ball at l-'lfth and Che-tnut streets. This leng-negleetril unit in the Stat" TletlW! group Is nt last being intelligently restored te n condition of honor and of benuty. AVltb the supervision of the Amcr- ' lean Institute of Arclntcrt.-. It is rca-onable 'te expect that n noble monument of the past will be made artistically worthy of its tra tra (litiens. j It is the Mayer's Intention te invite President Harding and nil the Supreme Ottrt Justices, among whom an cx-IVcsi-tlfnt is numbered in the highest rank, te nttend the reopening of the shrine en a date in May which will also mark the L'OOtii anniversary of the founding of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. , The coincident events ere eminently dc nerving of Mich recognition. After long de lays Philadelphia lias at last nrljcn te its responsibilities regarding three of the most precious btnicturcs In flic I'nited States, it Is proper also that national interest in thee treasures should be enlisted. THE SCHOOL OF CITIZENSHIP 'ALIENS who have taken out their lirt . citizenship papers were lectured en the functions of American citizenship by qunli jkd speakers in the Central lsranch of the Y.NM. C. A. last night. Thee prospective Citizens nheuld have all the encouragement end sympathy that can be given te them encouragement te qualify themselves te perform their civic duties and sympathy with them because of the pains that ought te accompany the tearing up of their roots from their native country in order that they may be transplanted here. If they de net leek back with some lingering regret te the land of their birth they ate net likely te ncqulie that love of "country which will make them Reed American citleiis. The alien planning te adept this country as hla home should alwajs be warned against misjudging the constant -criticism that Is launched agalnt the way fJevernment func tions here. That critici-m can cesll) b misinterpreted. It is directed against super ficial evils, evils thilt grew out of the de fects flf human nature. It is one of the products of that eternal vigilance without which the liberties of the people will he destroyed. American institutions aie fun damentally sound, This is taken mr a mutter of course by the crltlis of the waj they are managed. If the prospective citizens can realize this they seen will be prepared te demand a higher standard of conduct from the public officials while fhey acquire n profound faith in the jstem they admin ister. PASSIVE RESISTANCE IN INDIA NOW that the Ilritlsh (levprument has apparently .shifted the lnh problem from Its own shoulders te the shoulders of the, Irish people it is in a position te give ',' mere serious ultcnllen te the problem of India. A movement for splf.gevrrnment has grown te such propeitions under the leader ship of Crnmlhi, n Hindu religious leader, tlint it will have te be reckoned with. The tactics pursued by (iundhl and his followers nre peculiarly Oriental. The leader urges .Ills' followers te refuse te co-eperato with the Iirltlsh in making them a captured people, Non-ce-operntion, according te his - program, menus refusal te participate In any political, social, leal or educational funcWen, or iir any business transaction which is essential te the maintenance of Ilritlsh rule. It amounts, in brief, te a declaration te the British: "Ven are here pretending te govern us. New let us sec J en, de it. We stand en one side and ' uraich. the process." ganUlil objects te the iim of any kind of farce, He sajs that bleed may be shed, but net by the Hindus. If men are te K killed for doing nothing bit sitting tpjittly at one side while the Hritlh make - an attempt te govern, then let them be V killed. It may be dlflicult te consent, but . .Gandhi tells hli followers that It will take y till their will power te carry out this novel , jQRcy et pgssive resistance, lie is comment kiifc.Hat it will win In the end. 'J.jJf all India should nlept llie policy ll ,t 101)1(1 doubtless win, lis weaknes.7 'es In ?tlie comparatively small number of ,vlie a Cfiieje ja jet iiarcnuranatl i ., '. " who Is in this city this week lecturing en Indian questions, In confident thnt it must ultimately succeed and that India will have te try te civilize the rest of the world, The experiment Is peculiarly Interesting becntisp it Is the first attempt te apply en n large scale the doctrine of non;rcslstnnce which Tolstoy insisted wns one of the fun damental doctrines of Christianity. BRIAND IN THE TOILS TIIK way tif the trealyvinnkcr is hard. The leslgnntien of Arlstlde tlrinnd opens the prospect of mere confusion In Interna tional affairs. It is no secret that the jingoes of his nation lpd b. ltnjmntid I'oln I'eln care have In mi earrjlng obstructionism te such n point Hint the Premier, who Is at heiirj a liberal and a moderate, had been forced te piny a part at vnriancc with his Innermost convict ions. The recalcitrancy of France at the Wash ington Conference is evidence en this score, it has been hard te credit the prospect et a lingo I'rcneh submarine fleet. The French technique einple.vcd' In Washington at no time seemed subtle. It Is new entirely obvious. Te .subdue peMllcut chauvinism at home the French cnvejslu Washington capitalized hypothetical naval ambitions as leverage. In obtaining a protective alliance with (Jreat llrltnin. The diplomatic drama Is new reaching Its climax. A compact has been proposed in which the problem of French security becomes a matter aNe of Itrltlsh cenrern. According te the memorandum dispnlehed te Londen, Itrllnin is ready te assume military obligations if France Is attacked as in 1!1 I, and for this pledge of defense the naval rivalry Issue is te subside. "Naval competition." adds the official com ment, "would corrode any accord." M. llrintid has failed te win parlia mentary favor for a covenant of this char acter, but his manly and dramatic valedic tory once mere tevials him as a fearless exponent of Ijls own prinriplis. Politics in France is at the boiling point. A l'nincfi-l'nglish menrd would have permitted of the reduction of the French Army, of the inauguration of a sane prac tical policy regarding (.ierniau reparations and would have paved the way for con structive accomplishment at the forthcoming economic conference. It would have removed also n blot upon the arms parley if the French submarine program were relegated te the realm of fiction. As it is new noth ing enn be predicted of a new and perilous turn of events. PETRIFACTIONS ABOVE GROUND RIU'OHT.S conic from Parson-. Kan., that Hie petrified body of n man hns been found "00 feet beneath the surface in n cool mine in Welch. Hkla. The body was in n crouching nttilude. as though H had been warding off an attack. It has very long legs, admirably constructed for kicking. It is assumed that the body dates from prehistoric limes, nnd experts from the Fniverslty of Kansas have been nsked te e.xamlue it nnd the stratum in which it was found in order that some theory (nay be formed ns te its nge. The conclusions may be interesting te tline curious about the length of time that man hns lived en the earth, especially as the petrified tracks of mongers have been found in the rock near the figure. Put the problem arising out of the existence of petrified men en the surface of the earth is of greater contemporary interest. These men nre hejbituallv in Hie position of one resisting attack. Their minds have developed se far nnd have then turned te stone. Net even the sharpest diamond drill can make a hole in them big enough te permit the cntriinee uf a new idea. They are obstacles In tin: way of progress, in deed, they deny thnt progress is possible. Perfection was reached with ilieni and the race can go no further. Seme of them insist that they arc merely conservatives and beast that all that has ever been achieved has been the work of conservatives. They charge that the brain et the progressive., is flnbby stuff surrounded by a skull of soft cartilage. Put the facts, of course, nre against this wew. There can be no progress until the wall of petrifactions that stunds in Hip way has been beaten down. It is the progressives who de the bentjug. Sometimes lltey blow blew it up with the dynamite of a great idea, and sometimes they smash n jt, f10jr sledgehammer logic. Put they keep up thWr attacks until they make a breai h in the wall and open the wny te move forward. The ranks of the cempleielv petrified nre frequently re. enforced by regiments nf mfn with a fixed idea; thnt i. with only one part of the brain rendeied rigid by stony deposits. These fixed -idea f.dk arc mere troublesome than the completely petrified. They frequently pretend te be progressives and proclaim that the adoption of their idea is essential te the preservation of society. Put ll frequently happens Hint the idea is one that wns abandoned by the leal progressives-many generations age It Is net necessary te nnme any of the groups. F.very reader is famlliur with some of them anil can de Ins own denouncing And then, tee, ih,.re is n large nins of people who like te have ethers de their thinking for them, and some of thee are found lined up with the petrifactions. If is easier te accept an outworn formula than te (lecnie whether a new one hns any justi fication. We have seen an illustration in recent years of what happens when men w-lth vision have attempted te launch the United States en n broader sea. The rocky wall was raised up In the path nnd It has net yet been beaten down. It may be possi ble te tunnel under it or build u read around it nnd leave the wall standing us a monu ment te "conservatism. " Put whatever happens, the fact remains that the petrified men above the ground lire caiiblng much mere trouble than nil the stony remains be neath the surface of Oklahoma. UNDER THE DRY LID SO I.ONi; as there is any evidence te Indi cate that n considerable minority in this country manages in one way or another te make ii-ef immune from the operations of thn Velstead law, the Federal and local agencies established te eliminate the liquor trallie will have te work against the ob stacles of rather widespread cynicism nnd lethargic public opinion. Laws which de net operate fnirly cannot live long in the Tinted States. 'Yet wet banquets are net unknown te the people who have the means te attend them. Wet dinners nre often n diversion of certain classes of pub'ic officials who move iu'the atinesphcic of convivial politics. Thnt sort of indoor sport will beenme temewlint less fashionable if Majer Cuufllel, of Johnstown, carries out bin threat and tells under enth of a function at which, he says, most of the politically elite of Cam bria County and a let of State eflicials of eminence deliberately and gleefully violated almost every prevision and restriction of the Federal prohibition law. IJehlnd Mayer Caulfiel's threat theVe is a political feud of seme sort. The Mayer is seeking vengeance en home ene or endeavor ing te bwlng a club for personal ends. He will be nominated by the men he accuses for membership in the bum sports club, of course. Put the information which he Jin been mnking public by inference Is none the less interesting and significant for that. Meanwhile the drinking of htreng liquor ocremes morn and mere perilous business for liny ene .jkJie has net access te a well guar,- nntecd pt'yate stock or te seuie secret nnd EVENING' PUBLIC OLEDGEiPHltfAMfipteiA, 'THlMiDM; JANU&EtY costly seurce of supply. Four men died in New Yerk the ether day after drinking fiem n bottle that had u fancy whisky label en it. In nil parts of this State physicians nre warning the public thnt much of the stuff new peddled ns whisky is deadly poison. ' Te these who knew the ways of the Illicit whisky business HiIr news Is net astonishing. When the Federal authorities firmly closed the doers of the bended warehouses tins dealers In underground whisky began manu facturing n bubstltnlc .for the genuine hooch. They used alcohol, wnter and color ing mntter. That Is the mlxture for which many people pntd top-notch prices. Latterly the (ievernment has been rigidly restricting the innrket supply of pure alcohol, lhe bootleggers have turned te the use et de natured alcohol that is, alcohol that bus been mixed with poison In order thnt It may be circulated freely for Industrial uses. Denatured alcohol Is put through n chem ical process Intended by the" fake whisky ninkerH te remove the denaturing poison. Put competent chemists assert that no proc ess known con make denatured alcohol lit te drink or remove mere than fiO per cent of the deadly chcnilcnh mixed with it te prevent lis use ns n beverage. Seme of the people who spII lU'ttted denatured alcohol for whisky de net knew that they nre belling poison. Others de. END OF THE AIR MAIL? MUCH of the old prejudice ngnlnst avia tion persists in Congress, while all nutberltntlve opinion In the rest of the world sustains the belief that the greatest triumphs of the civilization of the future must m sought nnd- achieved In the nlr. The Postal Appropriations Pill presented in the Heuse yesterday Is notable for the omis emis sion of the usual items Intended for the support and development of the air-moll service. Presumably that service Is te be aban doned altogether. It has net been profit able It has been carried en with difficulty in some areas because of insufficient equip ment ami the natural deficiencies of aviation meters (Iradually for almost a year the scope of the service has been narrowed. Yet the nlr-mall system, instituted frankly with a view te the better development of air machines nnd the training et efficient fliers, was the only means we bed te insure something like nn approximation in this country of the progress which aviation science Is mnking elsewhere under Govern ment supervision and with Government sub sidies of one sort or nnethcr. If the air-mail service Is te be discon tinued we shall find ourselves very close te Germany in the wake of the nations that arc devoting endless time, energy and money te create small armies of efficient (lying men, lnrge reserves of airplanes and elaborately endowed technical organizations for (Hie further perfection of meters nnd general designs. And Germany is nt the end of the precession only because the Allies will net permit her te build metered aircraft. An organisatien like that which was cre ated by the l'osteilicc Department for the transport of aerial mall could net be ex pected te make money or even te pay its own expenses. It did something better. It kept Intact a large corps of aviators and It led te the scientific study of methods by which, before long, uerial navigation will be made safe through increasing knowledge of wind currents nnd ether factors with which airmen have te deal in sustained llieht. The technical work carried en by nnd iit the interest of the air-mall scrvlrc added largely te the fund of Information new' uveilnble te American tilers. Thus It was possible for iniaters In the service te fly snfely nt night ever long dis tances, te cress the Peckics snfely In their daih schedules and te make that dangerous passage in the teeth of tremendous wind' and in black darkness with the aid of special wind chads and specially devised com passes. Accidents and "crashes," with the resultant destruction of mall, ran up the cost of air mall, and tlds rising cost may hne hud something te" de with the seeming determination of thn postal com mittee te eliminate the lb in;; branch of the service. Put competent fliers Insist thnt an aviator who obeyed the rules would never have an accident. The frequent "crnshes" of mail planes were due, according te the best available information, te tilers who took long chances and disregarded the precau tionary rules which they were supposed te observe under all conditions. Thus it is apparent that the shortcom ings of the aerial mall service were due te administrative flaws rather than te tife inadequacy of planes of the current types. Naval experts have just been telling Con gress that aviation and aviators will win the next war. In every 1-urepean country the devrlepmeiit of meters and tlylng ma chines in being stimulated by the demands of well -organized ulr transport systems. I,lncs of air traffic run new between Paris ami Londen and all important Centiuciital cities. Private enterprise in the United States will new have te be depended en te continue the scientific development of aviation. Con gress nppears te be In a mood te wash its hands of that nll-inipertnnt work. . MUSICAL PROGRESS ALTHOUGH the musical virility of Phil adelphia Is unquestionable, it Is equally true that a co-ordination of cultural oppor tunities would prove a further stimulus te progress. 'I he "cleuring house plan for music levers, music ttudwits and professional mu sicians outlined nt a meeting In the Mayer's reception room yesterday afternoon is an attempt te apply the principles of organiza tion te a conspicuously flourishing musical center. The Philadelphia Music League, as the new society is called, will endeavor te gain svstemntie publicity for musical events, te fester muslcnl.uppreclntien, lectures te school children, te provide a register and musical directory for various classes of citizens and te promote geed music In the parks, in theatres, meiing-plelure houses and school auditoriums. The piegiam is ambitious, but it has the virtue in being launched in n community in which musical taste is, developing au thoritatively and rapidly. Possibly the direct practical result of the plan will be the closer co-operation of stu dents, ainnteur organizations nnd teachers. Hut the spirit of the enterprise is bread and constructive and warrants the interest dis played by the Mayer, Director of Public Welfare Warburton and private citizens of distinction. Bishop Howe, of Alaska, Conservation suys the people of the Needed Yuken will starve and the salmon supply will be speedily exhausted if the canning com panies an- successful in having the Bureau of Fisheries regulation, forbidding com mercial Ashing in the Yuken, rescinded. Ills people are fortunate in having him here te tell their story. If bv any chance Senater Jenes' pro posal should be adopted nnd henceforth speakers will be required te stick te the ques tion before the Senate, what is going te become of the legislator's most cherished in stitution, 1 Celli ii Heed's barn? The new Ireland will start its cxistenew with an unemployment problem; 12;i,(KM) men out of work and n million acres of laud out of cultivation, It mny be that wln statesmanship will find a vay of mnking one pvll correct the ether. V a '-d? - PEPPER AND PENROSE An International Incident In Which One of the Old Kentucky Peppers Figured The Night That Pen rose Started en His Career In the Senate j X By GEOKGE NOX McCAIN THK Peppers,, of Kentucky, have been famous for generations for their horses nnd their wealth. Like the Philadelphia Peppers they are an old family an1 Intensely American. I am net sure that the Kentucky family is related te the Pennsylvania family. A gentleman cldse te Geerge Wharten Tepper could threw no light en the subject. lie disclosed the fact though that gentle men by the name of Pepper net infrequently drop Inte the new Senater's law office te discover what, If any, relationship xlsts from the common patronymic. As Pepper is n name te" conjure with nowadays anything concerning the family, near or remote, is coin in the currency of anecdote nnd gossip. A story of one of the Kentucky Teppers n quarter of a century or mere age was se J geed that It was cabled te tuls country from England. COLONEL JAMES TEPPEIt, millionaire Kentucklnn, wns the central figure of what nt the time was regarded us nn inter national episode. The scene was the Hetel Mctropelc In Londen. Colonel Pepper, who was then about'forty abeut'forty about'ferty five years of age, had been touring England nnd the Continent en his honeymoon. IPs bride wns n Mrs. Kcan, of another prom inent Kentucky family. One evening the colonel and bis wife with some ether American friends returned te the Hetel Mctropelc from the thentrc. The ladles of the party walked ever te the hotel elevnter, or "lift" ns it is known in Europe, while Hie colonel went te the desk for his room key. The clerk who figured In the episode was standing nt the further end of Hie desk or counter, which was about fifteen feet long. He wns chatting with n man who the colonel nssumed wns an Englishman. When Colonel Pepper nsked for bis key no atten tion wbiitcvcr was paid te Jils request. When he repeated it the'rather dandified hotel attache replied impatiently, "I'm serving another gentleman." Te Increase the cbeler of the Kentuckian he added In nn offhand, Impudent way, "When I get through here I'll nttend te you." THE reply, ns Colonel Pepper staled te the correspondent who. cabled the story from Louden, was se unlike anything he had ever experienced abroad that Ills anger wns aroused instantly. "Come here n moment." he said in n determined tone te the clerk. "I want te speak te you." The tone of voice rather than the words cnused the clerk te cut short his confab and he sauntered ever te where the six-feet, big-chested, ruddy American was standing. lleferc he was aware of the colonel's pur pose the latter leaned ever the counter, seized both lapels of his coat and shook him with nil his might. ' The next Instant the key was in his possession, handed ever by a very abject clerk. Put this was Only the beginning of the incident. THE colonel went en up te bis room ami in the corridor was overtaken by another guest, who told him he ought te return te the office and chastise the clerk for the abuse lie had heaped upon him and upon all Americans. His friend told him tbut the clerk had declared, "That nian is only nn American anyhow, and they are always in a hurry. T made up my mind te keep him waiting for once anyhow." Colonel Pepper Immediately descended te the hotel ofli"e nnd calling the clerk te him repented what the guest had reported te him. "Yeu have been misinformed," said the thoroughly frightened clerk. "I never used such language." , The humor of the situation instantly np peuled te Colonel Pepper nud he saw the possibilities of a practical jek'c. Knitting his brews into a scowl he laid n heavy hand upon one of the young man's shoulders as he cried : "Yeu must take back everything you bnvc said about Americans and beg my pardon for what yen have said about me. If you don't I'll blew your head off." llclicvltig -evidently that Colonel Pepper wns one of the fire-enters of the Seuth about whom be had heard a great deal of tulk, the clerk abruptly apologized ami the incident ended. Americans during the colonel's stay nt the Mctropelc were treated with added courtesy. The most interesting feature was Hint Colonel Pepper had never carried n revolver in bis life. BOIES PENROSE gnincd bis sent in the United States Senate in n strikingly different way from that by which Geerge Wharten Pepper obtained his. lie entered by way of n bitter contest twenty-four years age tills month. Jehn Wiinninakcr was his opponent. The preliminary contest centered en the election of members of the Pennsylvania Heuse nud Senate, which in these days chose the Senators at Washington. Mr. Wanamaker ut the nutsturt nf the campaign had Quay's Republican organiza tion, which backed Penrose, pretty badly frightened. ile had personally campaigned the State, Every city and town of uny importance bad beard Mr. Wunnmaker. Everywhere he went he wns greeted by great crowds who were net only unxleus te benr him, but te see him. llefere the legislative session of 1S07 con vened it became apparent that Mr. Wana mnkcr's case wus hopeless. The machine wns working under full steam, for Quay had unlimited capital at Ills command. Trit. WANAMAKER had made bis fight 1YX within party lines. He wns an "in- surc'enl.' A joint caucus settled the question because the decision of the bodies jointly meant the decision of Heuse and Semite separately under party rules. Of the two most prominent men who par ticipated in, the joint Assembly en Tuesday night. January 5, 1M)7. both are still living. 1 refer te C. C. Knuffmun, then n Senater from Lancaster County, ami Henry K. IJeyer, member from Philadelphia nnd Speaker of the Heuse. Senater Kuuffninii nominated Jehn Wnn nmakcr nnd (Speaker lleyer named Heles Penrose, The cnuciis was n eut-end-drlrd affair. The Quay machine was geared and oiled te perfection. There was no jar or concussion In any of Its parts. When men pledged te Wanamaker de serted bis standard and went ever te the opposition tbere was net even u ripple of comment. Five men were voted for United States Senater that night. Poles Penrose received 1!!.'l votes, or five in excess of a majority of the Legislature. Jehn Wnnamuker received seventy-six. Tim once-powerful J. Donnld Cameren, who had obstinately clung te the frce silver fnlllcy, received one vote, while Jehn 11. Robinson, of Delaware, and Charles H. Itlcc, of Luzerne, also received ene vote ench. A majority, or 128 votes, was necessary te a choice. Senuter Kuuffman after the announcement of the vete moved te make the nomination xif Penrose unanimous. TJiat night witnessed the beginning of the memorable career of Deles Penrose a a Hepnter from Pennsylvania In the Senate oz tee UU)lcil piuiee, V i W 1-' iW JM '" '"'U'.'- " A JUST NOW MY IDEA IS THIS! Daily Talks With Thinldni PhUadelphians en Subjects They Knew Best DR. J. P. W. CRAWFORD On Seuth American Possibilities SOUTH AMERICA, und especially Co lombia, holds out great commercial pos sibilities for the United States, according te Dr. J. P. W. Crawford, et the faculty "'f the University of Pennsylvania, who was recently a member of n diplomatic commis sion te that country. "I wns a member et the Cem mission te Colombia," . said Dr. Crawford, "which went there in January. 1010, accompanying Minister Heffmiin-Phlllp, who was author ized' e negotiate a treaty with that country which should include the settlement of various questions involved in the separation of Panama in 1003. "We found that Colombin had become rest'ess nnd eager for a final settlement of the differences which had existed for se long, especially in view of the fact Hint our State Department, en its own initiative and upon severnl occasions, raided the question of in demnity te Colombia for Hie separation ul Pnnamii und yet bad failed te de anything definite. The First Treaty "In order te understand the present situ ation there und the feeling which the Latin Americans, und particularly the Colombians, bold toward the I'nited Stales, it is neces sary te knew something of the incidents lending up te the final treaty which has been inly recently passed and which closes the wlie'e mutter. "The eriginnl treaty, proposed beleic the separation" of Paiiama, offered Colombia RIO.OOO.OOO and certain rights in Hie then proposed Canal territory. This Instrument Colombin rejected, nnd u mouth later en me the revolution in'Pnnmnii nnd the estab lishment of a previsional government. 'Ibis wns in the fall of niiKi aim Ainerirau war vessels kept the troops of Colombia from landing te suppress the insurrection. "Colombia felt Hint she had a just griev ance mid this feeling was materially strengthened by the statement of President Itoesevelt, made in California, te the effect that 'I took the Canal ; I took Panama while the Senate was talking.' "Tills feeling, however, did net manifest itself tewnrd uh in our personal relations with Hie Colombians; they were as cordial ns people could be, doing every tiling te make us feel at home. A Land Law Interpretation "At the same time the fact that there was n grievance was apparent and the anti Amcrlcan attitude of some of Hie lending newspapers was noticeable. They felt that Mr. Heffman-Philip wns there te negotiate a treaty, us he really was, ami almost Im mediately he began negotiations with .Presi dent Stuircz. Things seemed te be moving nicely until May, 11)10. when an executive decree was issued, Interpreting a law passed under the presidency of Pelivar, te the effect that title of land did net include sub-soil lights. 'In ether words, while an oil com pany (at which the decicc was doubtless aimed) might have title te the land, the Colombian Government, under this Interpre tation of President Suur.cz, reserved the rights ever any mineral or ether bub-seil deposits, "Tills wns ii hard blew for a number of the American business Interests, and inniiv oil men left Colombin nt once, saying that it was of no use te remain there longer. As u result, in the late summer of lflll). Senater Fall appeared before the Senate Foreign Iso lations Committee nnd asked that ull further consideration of the Colombian treaty be postponed until assurances were given by the Colombian Government that Aincrlinu rights in that ceuntrx would be respected, "The later treaty, which has been finally adopted and the whole mntter closed, gives Colombia $25,000,000 und ccrtnin special powers. A prevision in Hie earlier treaty, Involving nn apology by the United States for certain nets, wus net in the treaty finnlly adopted. The Feeling Toward Us "The general feeling of Colombia toward the United States may perhaps best be summed up in what the editor of one of thu leading newspapers of Ilogeta said te me, 'I want you te knew,' he said, 'that our feelings are net nntl-Amcrlcaii. We have the highest regard for the United States and her destinies, and the policies of Colom Celom Colem bla must be linked with tliose of the United States, We only ask that the United States treat us gently.' "This is, in general, the feeling through out Colombin. The thinking peop'e of that country realize very clearly that the friend ship of and for the United Htutes is cuKvulinl te their own prosperity, ine nitiiuae taucn by President Wilsen .,J. ' . . r -L J? 12; "1&22 : , " SHOWING OFF, DARN and the members of the Amerlran delegation at the Peace Conference did mere than anything else te inspire Hut Spanish-American nations Willi confidence in the United States and in Its foieign policies. "A geed deal of propaganda has been carried en by the unti-Ainerlclin interests in Colombia, both foreign nud national, in which was pointed out alleged wrongs com mitted by Americans In Mexico. Haiti. Nicaragua and Sante Dominge, but the leading p.ipei-r. and the into lgent people generally were quick te point out thnt the attitude of Hie American drltgatien nt the Paris conference showed that the United Slates had no iiupeiiallstlc designs in Span ish America. "Colombia has enormous mineral and agricultural wealth, but needs railroads in r.rder properly te develop the country. There is net n single railroad connecting two large cities in Colombia. What railroads, there nre belong ulmest witlxeut exception te the llrltlbh. A Dlflicult Trip "Feihaps this method of reaching Iiogetn will make this situation plainer. Yeu land nt I uerte Colombia nnd go seventeen tuIVs en mi English railroad te Purranqullln. Then you lake it ii English steamer for eight daw en the River Mngdalenn. An English rail road makes It possible te avoid rapids in thu river and unether English bout takes you te J.irardet en the Upper Magduleiui. Frem there you tuke another English railroad .'!00 miles te 1'iicatatlva. iwcnty-twe miles fiem Hogeta. and a Colombian railroad takes veu te the ciipltal. Out of a total of ll(K) miles j ou have trim; rd all but about twenty miles en English railroads and beats. "This shows what England lias done In developing ( olembin. It means net only a i1'ifil"r,!7. 1"VPS,,n(,t. I'i'Mng geed divl lends, but It also means that all the Colom bian railroad equipment wus bought in Eng- ' "America might well get some nf this business a though the Colombians view out s de capital with suspicion. The Colombians ,v iV,wLl W' ,Twy "' mer'R'Kcs which pay IS per cent Interest or thev can get 10 per cent by simply letting their fneney li,; idle n the bank. Therefore they are In clined te let outsiders' take the risk of co ,. inercial enterprises, but ill the same time, they are suspicious of foreign capital "The stories of oil exploitation in Mexico have done much te fesl(.r tlii.s feeling and keep it ulhe These stories ...ay or nmy be true but they have unquestionably in Jured the welcome of foreign capital n saes ndn:.t 1Yr ""''"''''A'ae.Iea. states. And yet this provides nn excellent opportunity for both Americans , c lemblnuM," "", u What De Yeu Knew? QUIZ 1. Hew many ?Tvn'?rr'n :r.rr. e prison. Wnr? " U"""S the World 2. Who Invented watches" 2. At wliut pert In I'rii'iiei, ,ii,i s- . jonmiarte Und 'e"'" 4. AVlint Ih tlie seldom despised navn hv II lCJ' .,B 8 Wlmt0li,,.i "aB M"?1" l 8 " wtirer'n'a0"10""""-' of " aH-Mu, - W,aavteraVe,enl.,J?t,udeS5il,0 "as ' lowest 10. What Is tungsten? Answers te Yesterday's QUZ fcWjft oerl'a'IfeJr vP Tanner in Her mni fii by Jenn 0''M,tt nd Supe?man.-''ttWfl comedy. 3" aCJ J new vanla. ' "ul" I'miuiyi. The retirement nge for erricBru r ,. United Stutea Army X,r Jho years "yieur C Th?Ll.,..!'c.vclJ "bJhway runs from Wnh lla1fOi!-raOefeA"B0,M' """ lr"fe 7 A gradual rlse lu the bareini..,. unseltled weather '"cu e. i-unjr iuus inuKe a lurlentr in long , ...v.vp i.oiiei ia (me te return within , v. P",."ane ele.n I" October. IO2V.' ' A Vnn1.-i.. . .. ,. fxssrxs 0? ti,e te sur I SHaiiiaiiaiiiiiiiiiiiiii!aiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiVl!aT'"C !' tT lM , ' i.vi - "" "I I "T-;;:j'-..- ' r Wi!ttMen ,! "V United S, Ekr10" or 5, VVIiat nre the winter slim Vi C. Who succeeded Jehn Tyler ', ''n'" "" of thn tinii.,1 ui ... ' Ver as President COtlHt f lit Innnl .!-.., , 1. The United States has the seceml i-,,, . merchant licet In tlw wedd i,iftcat tennaue of uheut 17.000 OOfi'n1"1 a pared with Great IJr C,i und mr5" pendene ea, with u tennairi. . ri ' 22.000.oen. lounate of ubeut iV HIM(. SHORT CUTS Winter has arrived wilh both slippery feet Erin is new in the saddle nnd only her own countrymen can pull her down. Given n site and n director Scsqul Centennial weather will be set fair. There Is evidently n slackening of In terest in Fatty Arbucklc's return engage ment. Senuter Newberry has at least proved himself te be a gentleman curiously lacking in curiosity. The world new hopes and believes that the new Irish president will live up te lib name, Great Faith. Seme, of the neighbors don't like him, but nevertheless the League is a chipper kid for a two-year-old. Governer Sproul may lay flattering unction te his soul with every kind thin; suld of Senater Pepper. As the New Yerk Tribune sees it, friends of Sennler Newberry ure belnj criticized for subscribing freely te the cause of education. There is nlways suspicion that theso who "mourn ever the failure of the Wash ington Cenference'' would have rejoiced If it had been really n failure. Correspondent cemplulns that married women nre taking jobs single women need. Complaint dismissed. The married women may have husbands te support. Governer Edwnrds by a curious ever- .ll. InnA.n.l I . 1, t u tttnui-n rvn ..! f ,1 l nrml n S a at('l ,,iv"SW ill 1,, iin.prun. nvit-,n.i.i"iti'- , Hen for small nations, Hip submarine issut j und the Lamlls-Ilutli controversy. Soldiers' bonus ndvecntes are new tlui te prove the efficiency et nil active minority. They have, nt least, singleness of purpose. They don't care hew the money is raised. The dollar, chlrns the retail nrlec report issued by the Department of Laber, Is worth i thirteen cents mere than it was u year age. Almest enough te buy a dime's worth of candy, Theso whom the Postmaster General se sensibly swntted are new-in a position te appreciate Mark Twain's assertion Hint It Is n difference of opinion that makes horse- racing. .1 "Nntivc Afrlcun Children De Their Sums lu Sand." Headline. Kvldentlr, opines the Toddle Tepper, obeying the Klblical Injunction te multiply en the fact of the earth. Cape May reports n rum-running sub marine posing as a lobster beet. This ap pears te be n variation of the New Yerk theme, 'where n lobster poses as a rum running submersible. Perhaps the suggestion that n soldiers bonus be paid out of the interest en the for eign obligations te this country Is prompted by desire that the Interest he sunt allied with out prejudice until after the election. It will be a sad blew te many if. after j deciding te use the interest en the foreign i debt for a soldiers' bonus, Ceifgress should inter neciue mat it is necessary, 111 tee in terest of commerce, te wipe out the debt. The nctlen of the Uulteil States 8u promo Court in annulling North Dakota 1 , excess tax en railroads gees far te prove tnnt we are citizens et u great nation " only incidentally citizens of a particular State. Manuel Quezon, president of the Philip ntnp Ftnnntn unv. If .,,. I,-Abn nut between Jnpan and America Japan would promptly i land tier troops in the Philippines: inni ; n consequence, the islands would be safer H independent, nnd thnt. therefore. Filipinos should demand complete nnd absolute Inde pendence. And if all Filipinos were of tM same mind as Quezon, Uncle Sim's preblej1 would be simplified. He'd say, "Ge te m boys, and be banged te you." A ten-year-old Chicago boy, told by W mother te bring home, en his way l'0?1 school, fifty cents' worth of boiling meats fell In love with n hyacinth In a HerM' window, gave up the half dollar for It siw nrnuentrsl II In Ilia (minim, If la mntlier Ifliet ,..,,....,, .,. " ... 1 spanned nun,, mm very properly, rue sp: ing was tne ene tiling necessary te g npnhlt. .liimnn. In t),n u.r,..., ., u Itn tl'lll T jnifiiiber It. And Jt may well be that the HB sjitr te b,w b bc,n, U' ; s A . V n ..i.fi H. ' V . W r- t--.,,? ' ' i irri-i:
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers