"WW- iFryprnvr ,itW. T"X2gWVrV '"r-r: rWt 5i,i',,HV v ty my ft HSg&jp . f " ' v i rw Jjr" -' 10 ' 1 . L Queuing IJubttclCe&ijer ' WJBLIC LEDGEK COMPANY ' ' CVltllH 11. K. UUKl'18, 1'ar.aiDZNT Jahn C, Martin, Vlc 1'rnilit nt anJ Treasurer: f umrivn Ai iyier, eecreiaryi s.nr cs u. nuum- Wi jcmup e. 1,0111111, jnnn u. uimmB. .jumi .. 'fiuraeen. Qeersa F. Qeldsmlt'i. David K, Smiley. Ea iMrtnnra. ) JOAVID n. BMI1T.Y Editor .JOHN C. MAIfllN.. ..Ueneral lltnlnem Mftnpaer Fubllahed dally at Pusue LrMni Dulldlnf Independence Square Philadelphia. AtHHTie ClTt. Prea-Unten IlulMlnr NSW Yerk .104 Maillaun Ave. DjmeiT TOl rerd Ilulldlnic tit. Leets 013 Glebe-Democrat Itulldlnit CmeiQO 1302 Tribune Building NEWS DfnEAUSi W4iniNT0N DCRUC, N. K. Ter. 1'ennayUanla Ave, and Hlh Ft. nut YenK IlCBEjtD The Sun Ilulldlnf Londen UcmuO Trafalgar Uulldlne SUnarilllTION TERMS Til Btekine Pcblie LKimira la served te aub ecrllwrn In Philadelphia and surrounding- towns atthe rate of twelve (12) centa per week, payable te the carrier. By mall te points eutalde of Philadelphia In IB United fllatea. Canada or United States pet- Ssaalena. peataee free, fifty (SO) cent per month. '5. "v. nel'ara per ear, pivahe In adance TO all fnrelirn nfmirU. jn. rtlt .IaIib a ..... V. H KeTtOB Subacrlbera Vrlahlnr nrirlre Huni.d mttat Slve old aa well a new mlUicss. rBEl.t, iMO VAIM T KDMnvr MMN U01 lr Address all comtftinlcaKem te I.xr-nine Public tMdner lrdprnd'r,-c fs.ivnr, VI iimtrtpiila Member of the Associated Press .,Z'LB ASROCt ATFD PttFSS U rxehatvelv m tltled te the 'lit or rcvubHeatte I of all if tea dispatches credited te it or net otherwise credited i M paper, and also the local news vulUihed therein. ' All tiphtii of republication of special dktatchc nerrin are aha riervrd rhlladrlphia, TuntU. Netrmtwr 8. 1-1 BEHIND THE CHEERS "DEATTY nml Diaz hnve conic nnd gene - nnd the tit nut 1 1 nnd the shouting linve died, nnd here nnd there n new veire i rnlsed te observe with n touch of cynicism tliat the extraordinary enthusiasm which is always generated In crowd-, by the llaxh of military uniforms will continue te tnnke war mere oriels inevitable, nnd t lint the "ones of military fetes which has been preceding the Conference en the I, imitation of Armaments provided little one'iirngcmoit fur the men who are trying te find a wn te end inter national strife That is n short-sighted view of the matter. We In this ceuntrj have nut forgotten the peculiar place that Heatty and his men held In the early terrible days of the war. when they were the only force that held devastation back from the world bevend (Jerinnn. The cheers for Heatty and Phiz were net solely for their uniforms or their rank. They were. very Inrcely, for the Hritisli and the Italians whose cellccthe t-pirit imposed themselves In the way of forces that were directed te the conquest and eiisl.icuicnt of hnlf the earth. Wise men will see in the nveptiens accorded these two i-iters net u ron-scrtien of the spirit of militarism or nn sns of a new love for It. but au imperfect expression of the sense of n new nut of comradeship xvhlch matchless hardship created among en lightened people. "When we can cheer for the I'rltish and the Italians and the French as we have been doing recently It begins te Feem that the tasks of the "Conference for the Limitation of Armaments may net be. after all. rptite te difficult as some people appear te Ix'lieve. FARMERS AND UNIONISM PROPHETS of evil In the world of politics have been accustomed te amuse them selves by wondering what wmi'd hnpeen if n day ever came when the agriculturists of the country opposed themselves jn solid masses te the trades unions. Current news from Washington indicates that such a col lision of purposes and alms is net far off. The farmers have been making swift progress x itli their own organizations. They have borrowed some of their methods from the.unlens, which, in turn, borrowed liberally "Trem big business. The se-called "agrari.in bloc" In Congress working crews in the Heuse and Senate pledged te toil almost ex clusively in the interests of the agricultural interests of the West and Seuth is the result. New the agrarians announce somi-effic ially thnt they will seek at the next session of Congress te have the Unilread Laber Heard abolished. This means that the farmers are In n mood te ditch much f the economic legislation of recent years if by thnt method they enn obtain the advantage of low rail road rates and high prices for farm pteduets, with the additional advantages of a lower tariff than that which operates usually te protect the industrial areas of the ceuntrv. The West and Seuth want lower railroad ratesi in order that they may reach wider markets. Since thej de net manufacture they nrc net interested In methods by which American manufacturing industries are pro tected. They desire instend lower import duties in order thnt they mny buy manu factured nrtleles mere cheaply. Thus the West is going with the Seuth in a mere or less open war en the policies which lieth parties have always considered neces sary te insure our continuing development ns nn industrial nation. Seener or later the djf'"iTadcs unions, which always have shared the f prosperity of industrial America, may hare te join with the employing groups in a move ment against this new drive from the non industrial West and Seuth. "BRIAND AND SECURITY" TXTWH the directness of utterance for JZ,, Which his nation is historically famous, "Arlstlde Brland, newly nrrlved en American flheres, qualifies his enthusiasm for the Bcnernl purposes of the Disarmament Con ference with n very specific insistence upon tafeguards for his ceuiitrjmen. "France," he proclaims, "is ready te join In every endeavor te avert new wars, provided she has nothing te fear for her own eecurltjr which remains one of the most snlin I .guarantees of the pence of the world." i; The announcement of this policy contains 7e surprises for Americans. Under vvhntcver I ministry, it lias eeen evident ever since the r armistice that memory of the horrors of j Invasion, from which France has suffered lour times within n century, has fired the determination of her people te yield n the lntercht of arms limitation nothing that might seem te presage insecurity upon the Kastern frontier. The view held is quite comprehensible nbread, and Americans. evcn aside from their unaffected affection for France, are inclined te appreciate the Validity of her fears upon the theme of national protection. Nevertheless, "security" in International affairs is n wetd of elastic meaning. It is qultd possible for a recklessly ambitious nation such ns Germany was te Interpret as a menace te safety any position less than overwhelmingly dominant. The dogma of security carried te extremes Is applicable te a xverld of nations each armed for "protec tive" purposes te the teeth. The object of the conference is te find iwther formula for stability en this nlnnet Upen the sincerity with which this treni '"jursued depends the success of the meeting. A tuere is net a nation Involved but Iwa nursed an irreducible minimum of concession, I', is net entirely fair te censure the roost vulnerable of the group, geograph ically, for its nnxiet. A navy Incapable of defending what nre deemed the just Interests of the United States U without popular appeal here. Hut as even conceptions of justice are debatable, it H cUfM tuat exaggerated insistence en protec tive rights must mean merely a new welding t tin, wheel of madness and felly, Thwe 1 no escape from the tragic circle unless n new guiding principle is adopted. Wholesale immediate reform is inconceiva ble. It Is absurd te imnglnc that the parley will Instantly establish n new order. Hut what Is needful before even helpful com promises can be reached Is the establish ment of new tenets of faith, the inculcation of belief that honorable co-operation may constitute n mere durable defense agnltist war than the greatest navies and the most magnificently equipped armies. A world moderately policed and unltrd in pacifism Is obviously n safer place of abode than one in which the lesser nations nrc held In order through fear of powerful ticlgh ticlgh bers, the latter boasting, ns the Kaiser often did, of keeping the peace through might of armament. The truth is plain, but subject te onslaughts by outworn conventions which tend te paralyze the reasoning powers both of statesmen and average citizens. When the latter begin thinking international!, their sK)kesmen in what is called statecraft will fall In line. The conference will essential! reflect the public opinion of its national participants, which Is what Mr. Brinnd has done for his partii'iilnr constituents, whose sense of insc- curlt.v Is aggravated by conditions unfortu nate! felt in some degree in ull countries. Though it inn) be slew, the only remedy is an ideal of protection which excludes war-making ability ns nn antidote for war. The dlsensc enn only succumb te utterl new treatment. In this Instiiinc like does net cure like. THE DAY WHEN DEMOCRACY SHOWS WHAT IT CAN DO Will the Result of the Voting Justify the Hopes of Our Ancestors Who Fought for the Right of Self -Government? THIS is the day when we exercise thnt right te sm lire which our ancestors fought for hundieds of jears. The political orators t nil democratic self government a piccieiis lieiilage nd the political bessis, exercising nil the powers of the feudal barons, sit with straight faces en the platform listening te tin; glori fication of thnt deiuecrac.v which the ignore in practice. Who selected the candidates en the ticket which is voted tedaj V In theer they were chosen by the voters at the priinar in September. In fnit, they were chosen by a little group of men sitting In private offices, who decided en their own initiative what names were te be put en tlic primary ballet. The velets consent te this s.vstcm. In that icspcct it differs radically from the old feudalism. It is a. delegation of power te irresponsible governors. When the power is abused it can be conferred en ethers, nnd it tisiiall is. Hut the delegation of author it continues. Hecausp of this some pessimists insist thnt self-government is a failure, and that the people, especlullv in the large cities, arc net fitted te manage their own affairs. In order te remed the admitted evils, it has fre quentl been suggested that the privilege of voting be confined te these having lertnln qualifications either of education or prepertv or both. Hut this suggestion was never made by nil one who hoped te get elect! d te office. Citizens with political umbitiens are aware that the gentlemen who choe-e the candi dates alwa.vs consider avnilabilit , ami that a man who had public declared that a large part of the electorate was net fit te be trusted with the ballet would be de feated by a man chosen by the opposition who instated that the poorest and most ignorant citizen had the makings of a Presi dent under his hat. Hut for all tills apparent! ensldi ration of the susceptibilities of the voters, we are governed by u highl organized and active minerlt. composed of men who ate willing te take the trouble te de the work. Govern ment must be maintained, nnd because mere high-minded men refuse te "soil their fingers" in the mire of municipal politics we are governed by men net quite se squeam ish, who in the process line their pockets with the people's money. The smnll coterie of politicians who gov ern this lit nre expecting te strengthen their held en the efficlnl machinery today. If their expectations are realized It will be with the consent of the voters. The ballets cast for the Jeb Combine ticket will be cast net se much for the candidates named en it as for the political machine which named thee candidates weeks before the primary election was held. They will be cast in favor of a return te the contract system of cleaning the streets and collecting rubbish and garbage, u s)s tem which jielded 1,000,000 or mere profit every year te the contractors, n sum that the opposition wishes te save for the tax payers. And the bnllets will be cast also in favor of a revival of n partnership be tween the City Government nnd the pur veyors of vice of one form or another. If there Is no considerable pretest vote against this sort of thing, the Jeb Combine will conclude that it has received a mandate te go ahead with its plans te levy tribute en vice nnd te enrich its fnveriti s by con tracts of one kind or another. And then the pessimists will say once mere that popular government of the city has broken down. Hut they will net be wholly justified. l'erhaps the best thing that can happen te this city will result from the assump tion by the Jeb Combine 'thnt it has n man date te de as i pleases. It will then threw off all restraint and exhibit In the open Its greed and its immorality. Then nn aroused electorate, which alwas has the power te tnke the reins in Its hands when it cheeses, will be likely te insist en a change. Therein lies the great benefits of democ rat'. The power te de what it wills can nlwn'vs be exercised by the electorate Ordi narily it may delegate the functions of government te self-constituted bosses, but it haw en numerous occasions, even In this city, rebuked the bosses and put men of Its own cheesing in office. Hut it never exercises this power until the nbuses become flagrant nnd until it sees Its way clenr te cheese an adequate alterna tive. When the issue is merely between tweedledum and tweedledee the voters nver become excited. Democracy hnw net solved all its prob lems, but even with the utilises thnt exist under it the self-government for which our forefathers fought produces better results than were secured under the thing It dis placed. AN ANNIVERSARY IN RUSSIA BOLSHEVISM was four cars old yes tenia, but observance of its birthda, it is said, lacked something of the jubilee spirit. Heperts from Hlga nccredit the Soviet Government with a desire te modu late world revolution propaganda and espe cially te emphasize the hopes of Hussia for reconciliation with her sister nations. A reconsideration of the foreign debt prob lem Is sought and emphasis is laid upon the establishment of a new economic policy vast ly different from the one originally based upon a rigid application of the Marxian theory. Technically, the Communist regime is still EVENING PUBLIC LjEDaER operative. Its leaders have net changed and Lcnlne is probably mere secure in power than iu the early days following the over over theow of Kcrensky. However wryly con sidered, this preservation of authority Is ex ex trnerdlnnry. The prophets who foresaw the cojlapse e' the most radlcnl of nil successful revolutions Imve been confuted. Hut It Is necessary te go beyond externals in exnmliilng the situation which has pro voked se much amazement nbread. Remans of the lirst country H. C. were, It has been proved, Ignorant of the fact that their form of government had been changed from a re public te a mennrchy. Historical perspec tive has clarified the facts. It may operate similarly with respect te Hussia. Helshevlsm In Moscow has net pre cisely fulfilled the Ideal of Its original pnrti sans. Its fourth birthday is at once n re corded fact and n theme for further Inquiry. Ne date for the demise of the most in tolerant, frenzied and impractical type of communism lias yet been fixed. The mourners, as Is only natural, are net in clined te pnrntie tlieir grief. "IT" T?XPi:iUMi:XT8 with the wlf.pmpdlcl L-' nerial torpedo, which new is said te have been perfected by engineers of the Army and Navy Aviation Service, began cnrly in fhe war nnd were pressed with frnntic energ by armament experts of all the belligerent Powers. It was pretty generally admitted thnt the nntlen which was first in the field with this terrible device would be able te bring its antagonists nlmest Instantlv te their knees. Time nnd ngnln It was reported nt the various hcaeqc'irters that "It" hnd been completed by enemy Powers nnd mere than one nllied commander nnd Innumernble nliied stntesmen felt, when the rumor renched them, ns if the ground hnd fallen from beneath their feet. The truth was that, though the experi menters behind all the lines knew that thev were almost within reach of a method thnt teitld be depended en te give victory te their own forces, they were unable te finish their work before the war ended. When the first Jeng-distance shells fell in Paris it was sup posed for a few hours that "It" hnd nr lived. Talk of "It" was everywhere in every grand headquarters. Hver.v ranking officer knew thnt the Power that controlled "It" could upset nil the calculations of routine vvnrfarc. The torpedo which the American experts linvc perfected is nothing mere than an air plane without a pilot and steered from the ground by radio. It will carry some thou sands of pounds of TXT or gas shells and it is lniendci te lie dropped into a clt r in the midst of a fleet of war vessels. If was demonstrated long age that ships at sea may be operated and maneuvered b.v wireless. The application of this principle te airplanes will net astonish an one who happens te knew nn.v thing about the newer development of war mechanisms. What the news of tin- nerial torpedo will mean te the world at large it Is net news te military men is that in future wars there will be no front. Willi the perfec tion of this device the time hii passed when civilians :na.v live in mere or less comfort and snfety at home, while the brunt of battle falls en troops or ships many miles awn.v. War iu its most awful form will be cniried te cities as It was carried te Paris b the Germans. The evil of war seems te be spreading like a curse, and there is a suggestion of the law of oinpeiisntion In the prospect, of n method that 'will bring it te the doers of people who are accustomed te n lazy tele. mice of the preiessp, which make international conflict inevitable. It is net te be supposed that the United States has or will have a monopoly of aerial torpedoes. The principles utilized in the invention arc familiar te the technicians of nil nations. Tlieie can be no doubt 'that they are being utilized in every country where nrmameut is bein developed for future emergencies. What naval men may de te protect their ships and what the army engineers will de te protei t their armies will net matter se greatly as what Governments will de te pro tect the great cities menaced by implication in flic mere announcement of an engine of devastation that may be launched into the air and dropped with its terrible cargo en targets a hundred miles dlstnnt. What vveuld such a torpedo de te Lewer New Yerk, te Philadelphia, te Londen or te Pnris? Hew long can civilization last while It continues te attack itself with such weapons? The news of "It's" perfection ought cer tainly te have a stimulating effect net only en the Conference for the Limitation of Armaments, but upon the easy-going public which will have te make Its wishes defi nitely known and felt if such conferences are ever te accomplish nn.v thing worth while. A BOOST FOR NORTH ATLANTIC JUST why the Shipping Heard se long hesitated te npply its best resources te the rehabilitation of American passenger service en the North Atlantic has never been explained. It is geed news, however, that a change Is imminent. The allocation conference, te be held under Chnirman Lnsker's supervision next week, is expected te end the old mysterious apathy. Three of the former German vessels, new plying between New Yerk and Furepenn ports, will be used en ether routes and replnced by n brace of the splendid new "!35- footers" specially designed for the highest-class passenger operation. Presumably it Is the Hudsen, the Princess Matolka and the Potomac, by no means the biggest of the ex -Teutonic liners and rather unpretentiously reconditioned, which will make way for the model ships. Mere vessels of this type will, it is said, be used en the Seuth American run. The Inter national Mercantile Marine has lntely fyecn advertising for bids for the reconditioning of the Levinthan, n step which seems te premise that the world's largest ship will assume Its rightful pluce ns the queen of the North Atlantic passenger fleet under the American colors. Complaints of the iron-bound severity of foreign-flag competition Jn the North Atlantic are frequent and the Impression baa prevailed that the eDstacies te American progress were almost insuperable. But something is te be snid for the necessity of viewing a difficult situation realistically. Te be worth while en the Kurepean run the finest and most modern ships of which the nation is possessed must be empleed. If the materials are Insufficient, the most earnest nnd untiring competitive methods will avail little. The Geerge Washington, magnificently refitted, is new a ship of the proper clnss for this field. Se ere the America and the new oil-burning express liners of the Ship ping Heard, many of which are Delaware Hlver built. The public can hardly be blamed for net patronizing Arnerienn ships If these are greatly Inferior in blze, speed or accommo dations te foreign craft. The problem en the Pacific has been well handled by the diversion of several of the filiS-foetcrs te that ocean. It I" li'g" l',no new te accord the Atlantic its due. Margate City, N. J., haH a hen that is mothering n kitten. We surmise that she is raising it en eggnog. PHILApELPHlA, TUESDAY, SftfVEfttBER 3, LIVING FOR 150 YEARS The Average of Human Life Is Get ting Lenger Fads of Diet te Pro long Existence The "Llve-a-Century" Propaganda lly (1KOK01S NOX McCAIN JHUHNUTT GIHH Informs me thnt the nvcrnge lifetime has tended te increase in recent years. That this is se is largely due te the great decrensc in infant mortality. It does net menn particularly that the term "old age" covers n broader field. That where men formerly lived te seventy years of age the silver cord newadnys is net loosened until they reach eighty or there abouts. Mr. Glbb is an authority en the subject of life statistics. . He is actuary of n great life insurnnee company, nnd one of the leading statisticians in thnt line in tills country. "At advanced ages thcre docs net seem te be any Improvement, rather the con cen trar.v." Mr. Glbb says. Then he cxplnitis: "This has been put down te the Increase In degenerate diseases, such as enncer nnd henrCrtnd kidney diseases, which very prob ably may have a definite connection with our strenuous modern business methods." Mlt. GIHH casts this ray of hope en the current of time for the benefit of the gray-headed chaps: "The average lifetime of what might be termed the 'middle nges' seems te be longer. This mny, te some extent, be nscrlbed te improved sanitation nnd improved methods et trenting tuberculosis nnd similnr dis eases. "The mortality experience of all the life insurance companies during the yenr llt'l up te the present time Iibb been extremely favorable. "In one of the largest Industrial com panies the mortality experience is reported te be about I!0 per cent below the normal. "It Is the judgment of the company's actuary that It is probably due te Improved conditions of living nmeng the industrial classes, consequent upon higher wages. In surance applicants of his company arc largely drawn from that class." TIIUUU are thousands of men nnd women who cherish the pleasing fiction that somewhere, waiting only te be discovered, there Is some process for extending far beyond the average the duration of human life. It is probably true, as Mr. Gibb points out, that the average death rate is declining through n lessened infnnt mortality. This is Incident te the greater care of children, the hygiene of the household, as well as the multiplication of agencies for the careful rearing of foundlings and orphans. Hut this does net odd te the length of .vears among the aged. Death recruits the greater millions of his silent nrmy from the ranks of childhood. When the life of the babies is Increased It advances the average of the whole range of human life. THERE is another reason, equally inter esting, which Mr. Gibb points out. The apparently lower death rate has been Influenced b.v the large amount of selected business which was written liv life insur ance companies during the .vears 1010 and wi'e. They were the cars when prosperity reached its peak. These new risks for men with surplus cash turned naturally te life insurance ns a protective measure were subjected te strict medical examination nnd formed n larger proportion of the total business than iu previous .vears. Anether explanation is that the influenza epidemic in the enil.v months of 1920 took nwa.v ninny of the weaker lives. It differed from the epidemic of 1018 and 1010. which affected the younger people. New Yerk State health reports have shown that since these epidemics low death rates have been experienced In the general population. OXU would have reason te believe that the Sweet Singer of Israel was n trifle off his count when he declared that the "das of our .vears are thiee si-ere and ten," If he glanced ever the moiiierlnni columns of the I'ennsvlviinia Railroad's roll of honor. Superficially It would seem that nt lenst ten .veins might be added te the recognized limit of human life. I have before me one of these lists. It centnlns forty-five names. They are of men who were en the pension roll of the system. Out of the forty-five names ten were ever eight .venrs nt denth nnd twenty-seven were ever seventy cnrs of age. The vaunted strenuous life of our early twentieth century seems te have passed these men b.v. Or, possibly, it was because of the character of their employment. Nearly all of them hnd worked in the out-of-doers. A FORTUNE that would put Croesus in the piker class and lead Mr. Rockefeller b.v a hundred laps is waiting the man who will discover the secret of prolonging life. Men have been senrching for it threugti all nges. Every generation has seen some scheme, nostrum or course of diet ndvnnced for the prolengntlon of life or the cure for nil physi cal ills. Diet reforms attract n larger following nnd live longer. The graham-flour movement has lasted longer than most of the diet fads. In the seventy years of its existence it has been refined far beyeni the views of its originator. Forty .vears age there was (he blood bleed drinking practice, when nbatteirs became the meccn for the ailing and the anemic. Vegetarianism has us votaries in every civilized ceuntr. It is the original "baek-te-nnture ' stunt. In England It used te be jeeringly re ferred te as the "simian school." It con sists of fruits, berries, nutb, dried fruits and eggs. Mesh is taboo. In Londen there existed for a short time a unit of the population thnt turned te lizards, turtles, snakes, barks and vegetable sheets net used by civilized society The argument was that sickness was prno prne tlcally unknown among wild animals in their natural habitat Hy emulating their diet one might bnuish sickness nnd thereby prolong life. THE century prnpngnndn is nt present ex periencing n recrudescence. Recently n mcdicnl practitioner was quoted te the effect thnt there is no reahen why human life should net be prolonged te 150 years. Unfortunately, this latest protngenlst of the ' llvo-fer-a-ccntury" doctrine either lest his recipe or selfishly refrained from making it public. The possible solution of the problem lies according te the ablest medical authority; in the adoption of regular habits, attention te diet and exercise, lack of worry, nn out out out deer life ns far as possible and cheerfulness The majority of men, though, de net possess the resolution te subject themselves te systematic discipline Thev crave for length of years, but lack the will power te exercise the self-denial necessary te attain them. Anyhow, who wants te ivr tpp yearse , . Portland, Ore., is te Blown Acress have a fair in 1025, a the Continent year before our own and Mayer Hnkcr of that clt, has written te Maer Moerd for "words of encouragement." Mayer Haker Is a gentleman of strong personality and well btieved b ills fellow townsmen, but when it comes te the game of finesse he has nothing en our own Mayer. What Mr Moere replied wbh that he hoped the Port land exposition would prove n fitting Intro Intre Intro ductery te the great world fnlr vvc propose te held here. Neat, eh, what'? Writes Ma or Hnkcr te Mayer Moere, "Please boost our show from shore te shore." Writes Mayer Moero te Mayer Haker, "Make your curtain raiser a record-breaker," aSrfcafflfflBwwETCSw II I II 1 llll II II I I I I II I I ihMI ' -MJU r ITl TT" Hil IT MiM - prMrU' "lt"ST .daiUTE.'jrr: rtH J .. .."-iL":, ..rJ-i.. T fift.TrTll'-i PS ' $&&! NOW MY IDEA IS THIS! Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphians en Subjects They Kneiv Best JOHN D'ANTONIO On Illiteracy In Philadelphia TN TEN ears the percentage of illiteracy -L in this city has grown from 11.71 te 4.3."), which mny well be viewed us a serious situation. Jehn D'Aiitonie, who Is n sec retary of naturalization and Immigration of the Y. M. C. A., discusses it from the viewpoint of this organization. "Our figures." sas Mr. D'Aiitonie. "nie Ml OHO tf l)n ( Ziwf iMitunrir Pmtjiiu Tlnxnim ni.l the complete figures for the 1020 census J arc net et available. v e have, however, enough te knew that the problem of Amer icanization is vvitli us new in larger pro pre pro iwrtiens thnn ever before. "The tetul population of Philadelphia In 1010 was 1, 540,000; the tetul of illiterates at that time was 57, ."US, or 3.71 per cent. The increase of population in the ten .vears following, due both te Immigration and the Industrial expansion during the war. raised the figure te 1,S2.',770, with the Illiterates numbering 70,125. "Se we have new in Philadelphia almost 80,000 who ate unable te lecegnlze a letter of nny language. If one adds the people who are but barely able te scrawl their own names and can recognize liatdly a line of print the number, I feel safe te say, would be doubled. "We would seem te have then about 100,000 or almost a tenth of the popula tion w'lth whom we have no contact, save by word of mouth, in their own language. Causes of Illiteracy "Hew has this incrcase in illiteracy come about? "It cannot be renewed from immigration, for since 1010 illiterate immigrants, except In some special and i datively unimpertnnt cases, have net been admitted. We cannot be sure until the 1020 statistics, showing the distribution of illiteracy among the 'various racial groups, are ready; but we as sume that it has come through the .miliix of Southern Negroes during the war. In 1010 the foreign-born whites showed the highest percentage of illiteracy, at 12.0. Among the Negroes 2.8 per eent were il literate. The native-born white population gave an illiteracy of only one-half of 1 per "It should be remembered In the nnnlysls of these figures that Philadelphia is the most American of the larger cities; that is te sav, it has the largest native-born popu lation of all the first-class cities. Suggested Remedies "The situation is net nt all as hopeless as might be assumed nt the first glance. "Our work here hns proved te us that nn ndult person of ndult inentnlit enn lie tnttght te rend nnd write. The children, of course, will be tnken enre of bv the schools. "Hut it should be understood thnt merely teaching an immigrant te read ami write What De Yeu Knew? QUIZ 1 Te what Islands Is tt proposed that Charles ITnpsburg shall be exiled? 2 What lnngunge Is spoken In Hrizll" 3 Distinguish between the Tropic of Capri corn anJ tlin Trepin of r.incer. '4 When dirt the Cnrtb.iKlnliins under Han nibal threaten the City of Heme' i What Ih the erlsln of the expiesslen, "A sea of upturned fares"? 0 AVhe was the most skillful versifier among American Presidents? 7 Who was Oliver Hvana nnd for what Is he celftbinted? 8. What Is meant by "the descent te Aver- 0 What Is the plural of prima denna? 10" What was the H.ittlei 0f the Thames In American history? Answers te Yesterday's Quiz 1 The correct name (In Kngllsh) of the country often called Juge-Hluvla la the Kingdom of the i3cbs, Croats and Slovenes 2. Hareun-al-Hnschld was n famous Caliph of Hagdud, especially noted for his practice of wnndcrlng about his domin ions incognito and thus obtaining in timate and enlightening glimpses of his subjects and their nffnlrs 3. The F.rle Canal runs between Buffalo nnd Trey, New Yerk State. 4. The Marquis de Lafuyotte participated In three revolutions the American and the revolutions of 1789 and 1830, in France. C. Daniel AVebster was known as the Great Impeunder and Henry Clay was known as the Great Commener. C. Hans von liuelew was a noted Oermnn musician, a composer, conductor and pianist. lie man led Ceslma, Frnn.! 'Liszt's daughter, who aubsequmtly became the wife of Hlchard Wagner Ven Uuelew'H dates are 1830-1851 7. A Hembastes Purlose Is n boastful, blus- terliiK person addicted te the use of long words. He Is the here of a bur lesque opera, be called, by William Hnrnes Hhedes (1790). 8. A landlord Is called a Iidnlfacn In allu sien te a aleek, Beed-tempered j0iv landleid of that name In Kiirnuliirr'H old comedy. "The' Ileaux' Stratagem " 9. Plutarch credits the expression "citizen of the world." te Secrates. The phrase has nlse been attributed te DIeWi n 10. The City of Honolulu Is situate, I en the iS,Rthi "iL.n'VV" th0 Hawaiian group! In the Pacific Ocean "!' lt)21 WELL, WE CAN STILL KICK Bi-rf.tu"'- j,iwrai?5nv"-, vm rirfmn!T:w0-iMti3i&ru??j;h'tiwk . asiwj 't-iiuiiej hflrfSVJS535 !SSgtf our language Is net te make an American. Ner will teaching him the fundamentals of American history nnd the theory of Arneri enn Government mnkc him become Arnerienn in his habits nnd his thoughts. "As n matter of fact, our experience has shown that ruicl.v does an immigrant ndult ever become 'naturali'ed.' There nre, of course, exceptions; nnd I might cite a notable one in Jacob Riis. "The average Immigrant, however, is un willing te suriender the old associations, habitb and traditions, and it Is perhaps tee much te demand that he should. And if we can teach him our language and make him understand at least what sort of beings we are, we enn make him acquainted with nn America that is larger than his factory or his section gang, his cult or bis provin cialism." HUMANISMS Hy WILLIAM ATIIKKTON HU VI T . EARL VUXAHLi: is the new secrctury of tlie Notional Republican Congressional Committee which keeps fences mended that the chances of continuing thnt party in the majority seat in the Heuse of Repre sentatives mny be enhnnced. Mr. Venable used te be secrctnry te Senater Horab and before that he was the editor of a country weekly out in Idaho. Thev were just going te press en n Thursday. Vcnnble tas, when n preacher from down the valley hurst in nnd broke the news that n well-known citi.en hnd died, and that here was a story of his life, about n column long, nnd here was n column and a half of in memeriniu poetry," nnd would the editor plcnsc put betli of them in the pnper, IMiter Vennble explained the mechanical difficulties in the way, since the paper was en the press and there wan net room nnd nl' thnt sort of thing. The pieacher went away somewhat mollified. Twe hours later, however, lie tore bnck into the office. Mp had seen the bereaved widow. She snid that (he poetry just had te be printed. Slip explained that this was her second husband and that, when the first husband had died, she had get that same cehimn and a half of poetry printed nlieut him, and thnt new, nrrivliig at the time of the second bereavement, it would put her in the light of showing the rankest sort of partiallt.v If the space allotted te rhyme were curtailed. When I found, the ether day, that Miss Gertrude Breeke Hamilton, the writer, was n stranger te fractions, I thought I had discovered a novelty. New lieie comes Miss Mary Meek Atke Atke sen, wlie is well known te readers, of women's publications. Miss Atkeson is the daughter of Themas Clark Atkeson, who is the head of the Na tional Grange here iu Washington. She is flic niece of William Os( ar Atkeson the Congressman from Hutler. AIe., who v'venis the lace-like whiskers. She is of erudite net te say scholastic folk. ' rurtlicr than this, Miss Atkeson holds a degree from the Univcrslt of West Virginia. And et she speaks up nnd snvs that, sometimes m the idle moments when she 1ms nothing te de but sit mound and won der, her mind inns vagrant-like into the unknown and amuses itself Sjt, surmising as te whnt It would be like te knew the multiplication table. "In n gie-nt scientific Institution 'Ike the Hureuu of Standards, ' Hn8 Henry D. Hub bard, its secretin, "one comes te appre ciate the wisdom of Dr. Oliver Wendell Helmes when lie said that there are three f lasses of students the fnct-gatheiers who live in the first story of the house; the rca rca sencrs, who live in the second sterv, and the Idealists, who live in the third' story nnd have sk lights." ' Mr. Hubbard also subscribes te the theory laid down by the Chinese proverb thnt "he who puts en the capstone gets the credit." Chris Hngarty is a war correspond ent nnd went te cover the Roxer un rising neaily two decades nge. He wns half around the world with a Hritisli journalist named .lack Dally, and Tem Mellaril new financial adviser te the Chinese Govern ment. They stepped te take a leek n,t the allure ments of Honolulu, which Mellaril had seen many times, but which was new te the ethers. Tim three rode around the town in a low-necked hack. The two novices were raptured. Ilagait who was given (0 word painting, opine,! that Ged had made (his masterpiece fist and had afterward bee,,,,,, careless of the rest of the world. I H)v thought It was the dream of a seraph after the first falling in love. Mellaril vvas he, id and .vawneil. Suddenl he sat belt upright, his attention llveted en seimtliilig abend. "Hv Jove " . ejaculated, and slapped his thlght. "(hev have put up a new icehouse." Whounipeii the huge Ungartv sei7,d niln by the proper handles nnd tlitew him bodily from the carriage, ' ' ta-BT SfffeS'"- ' . .nr C.VWVV.- SHORT CUTS The bootlegger is most prosperous whta he is en his uppers. Tne political creek doesn't care much which camp he trains with. General Diaz is discovering that peace's welcome is just as tiring as war's alarms. Washington is new viewing the social preliminary beuta before the big limitation of armament mill. The milk strike Is being made a cam paign issue iu New Yerk. It is u pity the babies can't vote. Everybody hopes thnt the freeing of Sinn Fein prisoners is simply preliminary te elga lng en the dotted line. Today, as usual, the free and independ ent citizen will least his vote ugninst the fellow he doesn't like. Alexander Is new convinced that thw is one crown in .Tuge-Slavia that is net bubject te depreciation. Voters who stay away from the polls today, and some who don't, will indicate hew little they care for clean government. The Juge-Slavian crown Is only one sixtieth of its former vnlue, but King Alex ander doesn't exactly view It in that light. Congress is te be nsked for $10,000,000 for the enforcement of prohibition. But, ilemnuds the Thirsty One, is it worth the money? Only chronic nnd unreasoning Wilsen haters can object te the demonstration planned in honor of the .cx-l'rcsident en Armistice Duy. The first of the Shoguns hends the Jap anese delegation te the Washington confer ence. It is net surprising thut he should be of geed report. It vvas net the plebiscite but the strong hand that settled the muddle in Upper Silesia ; but it may be different In Tyrene and Fermanagh. It is impossible te think of ex -Emperor Charles as n martyr in the Mndeira Islands; which, peihnps, was a factor in the decision reached by bis judges. Our navy yards are turning out (in the way of submarines nnd flying torpedoes) some excellent arguments iu favor et the limitation of armaments. The woman floater has bobbed up In New Yerk polities; which would seem te show that woman in politics is no better and no worse thnn man. Self-interest will, of course, dominate the Washington conference. The best the world has a right te expect is that it will be enlightened self-interest. Marshal Pooh, former school teacher, piebably has strong Ideas en the kind of men nnd women who should be emplejed an instructors and the remuneration they ought te get. The two brawling street gangs thnt fought In n GIrard avenue church en Sun day n'ght knew the place they needed. What they lacked wns knowledge of hew te behave when they get there. The Department of Commerce warns investors against foreign securities which sometimes, it saH, show great disparity be tween the sale price here and the sale price there. Foreign Insecurities, us it vvere. An effort is being mude te have the Interstate Commerce Commission repeal the (1 per cent rate guarantee of the carriers. This may or may net be nn nppreclatlen of the fact that the railroads nowadays nre cither suffering from tee much regulation or tee little. The fact that Japan has Internal trou bles might seem te Indicate that she would have no stomach for trouble nbread. Hut It docs net nlwns work thnt way. Govern ments have been known te mnke foreign trouble in order te euro dissension at home. Which, of course, nmy have no bearing en present conditions in Japan. Tomorrow there will The Pearl of I'eace enter the Potomac te start en a Journey at once reverent nnd triumphant te the na tional capital the cruiser Olympic, proudly bearing the most powerful delegate t the Conference for the Limitation of Armaments - the body of an unknown American soldier who fell In France. The body ymbelUcs American valor, a sword raised in righteous ness; American sacrifice, the jewel Arneri enn manhood nnd womanhood plnce en the altar of duty ; and one ether thing. The sword and the jewel are plain for all te see; but en the heart of the unknown, vvheee peer bruised body is hidden bv the cerements made sacred b.v the form they touch. Is pearl of great price which only the eyes of wisdom may see through the tears of iorrew the penrl of pence. 4 i 1 Jd-n ssV
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers