tlfNM1 tHiwK- " VrV"! i V!M .v'Mf 10 'Burning public leftgcr I PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY CVltUa It. K. CUHl'lH, I'aMletNT Chart . ten, I Bfuraeen 5 tilffctert. '"pAVID V.. SMtr.F.T .Editor i.lOtIN O. .MAItTIN.. , .Ueneral Huln Manaaer l'Ubllhed dully at Fcsue Urtxira Building Independence, Hquare Philadelphia. , Alf.ANTIO Cltt rrrta-Unien Building ,NW Yeinc .114 Madleen Ave. JJnTXPIT' itivi rum jjuuuma Ht. Letus 615 Olobc-Dtmecrot Tlulldlnr Chicago 1302 Tribute nulldlni NKIVS IU'RUAUS , Washington Ilcnmn, ' ,, N. K. Cor. Penniylvanla Ave and Hth At Nkir Yerk rjcmin The Sun Hulldln Lonveti UtrntAU ..Trafalgar Btilldlnr i KunsrnirTieN tktims The Evk.mne Pcm.ie I.rwru In eerved te ub crlbers In Philadelphia, nnd urreundlnr tonne k t the rate of twelve (13) cents per week, payable te the carrier. Uv inn 1 1 te retntn eutald of Philadelphia In tlie t'nltcil sttates Canada, or t'nlted States pe aliens pnetaae free fifty (SO) cents per month, fix (Jtl) dollars, per ear pnable In advance Te oil fereien , euntrle one (tl) dollar a month .Netice Hul)crltiers wlelilnic address chanced niunt Rle old .' we I n- n aridiere. m i t il)neH MM T hrii ' I f JM' MTOK MUS 1691 ' e e Frtntng I'ubtle . -t - Phllii letphta ' Member of the Associated Press run ASSOrt ATED PRESS excliuivrtu ew tilled te thr u ter republication of all new dispatches credited te it or wet etnerttise credited in thtt paper, and alie the local nevcj pueKhed lAerei'n All rights of republication of jpertal dtepatcfiN eerrtti are nMe revri'frf rhil.Jflphl.. Vrid.r. tMeb-r 14. 1921 THE MAYOR HAS THE IDEA M AYOlt MOORE'S Insistence en the practicability of a thirty-cent out In the tux rate Is something quite different from the picayune factional maneuvering of the .Contractor Combine. ' In his IhkIrpI message te Council Mr. Moere lays significant stress upon the savings tllreetlv attrlbutable te the munici pal street-cleaning program and upon the drnstle economies effected In the various executive departments. These will warrant the reduction, nnd there can be a further etit If the count offices, nearly all of which arc under Vnre organisatien domination, will Institute. similnr economies. The timiuarv itiycn In net deeply Inter filed mnre's the pit - In the intricacies of local tin'iiicH. Wen- the reverse the case tlic proxies ,.f Hie town would be wmthy nl' its 0iiiirtiinitn'- Rut ubneimally high nev blttcrli enlist geucriil attention. In urging an appreciable tux cut the i. or is net inl politically acute, but ttccnlj ceguinint of his duty as an exeeu ri e. HALL TO CENSOR HALL THE friends of Councilman Hull have been kind cneuch te confess their Inability te recall in full the verbal frenzy of bis attack upon Mayer Moere. Mr. Hall denies that he employed the word "crucified," and has premised himself the services of a ste nographer when he indulges iu public utter puces hereafter ' There is something te be said for sm h a check en hast speech. Explosions of vulvar fury occasienall make unimpressive reading t-rcn when perucd by their originators If Mr. Hall iutends te begin scrutinizing accu rate records of his outbursts he t, perhaps. mere te be pitied than scorned EX-PHILLIES WORLD'S CHAMPS rpHE ubeence of town rivalry from the con cen tL test of the te Nut erk bnseball clubs (or the World Series pennant perhaps served lit thd outset of the scries ns a depressant of popular enthusiasm. Out this handicap, if U. ex'sted, wen pecdilj overcome by the remarkablp ninmng streak of the Yankees. followed by the dramatic and, save for a fngle game, the consistent recovery of their opponents. i The final victory of the Giants with a margin of one run was brilliant and tradi tionally exciting 'ITie World Series, cleanly played and technically dazzling, has fully Justified popular interest in the national game. But riiiladelphm levers of the game will b sure te wonder why the men who were most conspicuous in winning the games of the fiiants were nil released from the local Rational I.Cdguc club If they were geed eueugh te wm for New Aerk. wbv net for l'hlladclpbia ' THE GREAT HOOCH WAR rplIE whole State of Pennsylvania seems JJL te be drifting toward n battle of officials which in the future rna be known In 'ens and fitery as The Oireat War of thr Heech. The gun llred bv Prohibition Commissioner Jlayne. when he roughly sent a substitute te supplant William C Mot'enuoll of JShameklu. in the office of Prohibition Pi rector in Pennsvlvania. mas net be heard 'round the world. Out it ought te create some strange reverberations in Washing tjen and Harrisburg auti points West. Te the uninitiated outside observer it appears that n war is en between some of the political powers In thlp State and the chiefs of the enforcement terrlce in Ws.b Ws.b tngten. Mr McCenncll Is a Penrose man lie hus virtually defied Commissioner Havnes te oust hint New he is as geed as ousted The Prohibition Hnfercenient Bureau mar be credited with drawing the first bleed, i Mr .Mcf ennell i vp el and he never baa seemed like the sort of man who would knewlriglv pi rnnt deliberate violation of a law which lie bad sworn te enforce It is mere likel.v that he has found the job of (Meaning up Pennsylvania impossible. The hooch war will de some geed If. by breaking down the pretenses of enforcement and drnggin; the facts of the situation out into the lignt, it leads te a better general understanding of the shamefully elaborate forms that erganired bootlegging has as aumed. '. Meie nienej Is necessary te put the Pro hibition Ilnferrenicnt Service In efficient ijliape much mere mem1. Congress must supply it or the Government will have te continue le admit that it cannot enforce Its laws TO BELL THE CAT WHEN the president of the Press Congress of the World. In convention in Hono lulu, called upon journalists "te disarm the typewriter of the jingo press," thus bring ing about it real limitation of armaments, he vabh snappy rather than helpful. 1 If the journalists could, they would. History also records the suggestion that 'the cat be belled. The world will get rid of government red tape before It robs the typewriter of its blue ribbon. Which Is at it hheuld be. Pes tlfcreua though n jingo press may he, any attempt te "dltarin it" is fraught with peril te a free people. All gt which Dean Williams knows and teaches in Columbia, le,' He simply permitted a phrase te run awur with his judgment. NAMING THE CHILD QI1IA1UISTIK!V the englnal name v KJ inflicted en lawn tennis bj Majer Nlngllcld. one of Its earliest promoters, was ijestlncd for a speedy burial. Popular tol eration of birj'i a monstrosity Is iinliiMgliia lila. Once the World's Fair enterprise iu ,iis city acquires the pace of visible progress j.it-ta. unlikely that 'Wpul-centcnnlal" will t,H .., ii le pruimiiiiiuy iu current speccil. V,V$ vW word U quite as formidable and CYen , 'MMW lenguc'iwisuug man moratorium, W . ijti V i philately, mycology and agenda, all recently ceme Inte noticeably frequent tibc. At home the anniversary undertaking will probably be known simply as "The Fair." Out a crisp, serviceable, colorful, appro priate and distinctive title Is indispensable te fitting outside promotion of the project. Scores of suggestions for a suitable name have ceme Inte the office of this news paper. Without attempting te force the hand of the Exposition Committee, It ma be said that the question of the right name is well worth its attention. The war produced a flood of fearsome names, such as t'7ccho t'7cche t'7ccho Slevakla for Bohemia and .Iiige-Slavla for Serbia. In world polities a rush of syllnble te the printing press is perhaps less disastrous than In such n field as that of popular fes tivals. In that sphere It is essential that the public should be enabled te express Us enthusiasm simply and effectively. The extinction of "scsqtil" In this connec tion would come as a distinct relief te the crop of bards certain te be raised as the event draws near. Swinburne him-elf would have been unable te cope Willi the prosaic liedanlr.v of inli n weld. THE SEARCH FOR A SENATOR IS A HARD JOB FOR SPROUL In a State Where Politics Is Unfashion able It Must Assume the Character of a Desperate Pursuit pOVERNOIl SPOOL'!,, confronted with - the necessity of finding a successor te Senater Knox, finds himself in the midst of a situation which vividly reflects in ever light and every angle the major faults of democratic practice in the United States. The people of the State will, of course, have no suggestion te make out of en thusiasm, conviction, knowledge or even genuine Interest. They should worry '. And the Governer will be left te realize in this emergency hew little aid the habitual critic of government Is willing te provide In the form of personal service. There Is a con stant cry against little men In public offices. Out bi men prefer, as a rule, te stay at home Oeutlne politics isn't fashionable And it isn't a profession that ordinarily attracts geniuses It offers none of the material rewards sought b able men eimer I" get te the top et the heap Out it 'e- involve a terrific let of punishment ndtnluistried In the form of partisan criticism. When the Governer; announces his ap pointment there will, be lifted eyebrows and murmurs of derhien in many quarters no matter who s named. And men who couldn't be Induced te accept the vacant office will be the first te wonder why the Governer couldn't find a better man All the moods and Interests of the coun ceun rr come te a focus In the Senate In an endless, bewildering conflict of purposes and feellug natural te a country animated bv an Immense diversity of alms and modes of life. The business of the Senate is te reconcile a thousand hopes and deblres, te adjust them Inte something like a tolerable policy of national action. Se a Senater of the United States ought te be something of a genius. He ought te knew a great deal about business, since It is by business that we live. He ought te knew a great deal about people, nbeut the farms, about finance and about human nature nnd about the law He should be sensitive te the undercurrents of popular feeling In which all great ua llenal movements originate. Oeing thus equipped and having a taste for politics, n knowledge of political tech uique, a geed voice and endless courage and self-confidence, he will find the Senate an agreeable place In which te exercle hi talents rather than a dignified retreat for Ids old age. Mr. Sproul. traveling anxleuslv rlir isii Pennsylvania with the schedule of nci esar qualifications held firmly In his hand, could, of course, find manv men Ideally fitted for the place made vacant by the sudden death of Mr. Knox. But It happens that the qualities of mind and spirtt which are re quired for leadership In public affairs are in great demand elsewhere. They are rare qualities. Business men appreciate them even if the people, whose Government is in question, de net. The Governer, finding his Ideal man. would find him Inevitably deep-rooted In a business or profession of his own and uu willing te be disturbed in his contented prosperity. "I'm glad te see you," Mr Ppreul would have te ssy, "because they need you In Washington I want you te quit veur busi ness and go down there. "The job doesn't pav a great deal In fact, it doesn't pay living expenses imposed bv official tradition en a Senater of the United States. Teu will have te spend a great deal of your own money And you must prepare te be held up, n thrj- Eay, te scorn In the partisan prece They will call veu names and make fun of mu, and It tnav bp even hinted that you aren t honest. "Yeu will be a public figure nmi the lob leb bvists will hire detectives te go ever all your life with a microscope In erdei in have what they call ammunition when anything of interest te them Is called up en the llner. What de you say? What tram can you catch?" The gifted cltlren thus approached would de the usual thing. He would express his appreciation and beg te be excused He would feel somehow that politics Is for the fellow with a thick skin. Se It gees rnest of the time New and then a genius, with the tire nf some great purpose blazing In Mm, will buffet the sterm1- and get te a place from which he can maki himself heard and hon ored But men who arn gifted and sensitive und therefore happy and well off arc net unlikely te run away when they t't an anxious Governer coming te appoint them te exposed places In the arena of public life. TREATY ALIGNMENTS RUMORS of concerted Democratic oppo sition te the peace treaties continue te lack validity. Senators Glass and Wl. Hams have consistently championed the Versailles compact and the League covenant and have announced their intention te east adveT6e votes. In their situations, however, adhesion te principle is net particularly costly, since they are both doubtless aware of the strong prospects of ratification of the separate engagements. Senater Walsh, of Massachusetts, de scribes the Dresel-Ilesen treaty with Ger many as "useless and vicious." As he has fernierlj been ranked nmeng the opponents of the League of Nations, it Is net easy te determine precisely what this Senater wants. His plight suggests that of Oerah, whose opposition te European entanglements Is se Intense thut he Is aghast even at the pros pect of a plan of agreement that premises eemc sort of extrication. It is quite evident, however, that there will be no treaty fight of major proportions. Willi very few exceptions the Republicans EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER In the Senate are united In behalf of tliej separate treaties, and the assistance of fourteen Democrats Is indicated. This wilt Ihsure an ctitlrely safe margin above the necessary two-thirds. The fate of the agreement with Germany will probably be settled net later than next week. Popular sentiment Is markedly favorable te ratification. With the most important of the three treaties out of the way, action en the remainder will be merely a conventional performance. Conclusion of the whele matter before the regular session of Congress will clear the way for consideration of domestic ques tions thus far deprived of due attention. PROPAGANDA DE LUXE ASSISTANT WIZARD CLARKE, of the Ku Klux Klnn, obviously has missed his ending. He ought te leave the Klux and open n school of training for such nmateur dramatists as David Belasco and Geerge Cehan. That Impression was unavoidable vesterday when the news trickled In from Washington and Atlanta, where the nble hand of Clarke was revealed in the swift unfolding of n drama Intended te have half the country for a stage. At the moment when Wlaid Simmons was pi i paring for his nsteunditig burst of ora tor in a congressional committee room, the news arrived that n hard-hearted assassin had tired two shots into the home of Mrs. Ellraheth Tyler, nnd that the high priestess of all lady kluxers would have been killed had she net steeped at the right Instant "ever the bedside of her sick child." The hard malignity of all who aren't of the Ku Klux outfit was deftly suggested in an opening act preparatory te the appear ance of the Imperial Wizard In Washington and the loud reading of a speech laudatory of the Klnn. presumably written, of course, by Clarke. Here wns the sympathy-making ninchlne under full steam. Unfortunately, however, the Atlanta police, after e few hours of search and questioning at Mrs. Tyler's home, dropped the case and Im plied broadly that the sheeting was staged I That Incident and the character of the address made In his own defense by Sim mons provided the country with Its first com plete view of a propaganda organization of the first class operating In daylight. Clarke, speaking with the voice of Simmons, wasn't talking for the information of a congres sional committee He was talking for the telcginph wlies that lead from Washington te the ncvvvpapeis of the country. The sunpln.v iu Atlanta was te have been in the nat lire of soft music at this performance. Such things an- done every day in the United States. Th" people whose business it is te make public opinion have aits that the ordinary man in the street never dreams of. Of the Wizard's defense of himself and his organization It may only be said that it appears te have been formulated without any respect for the collective intelligence of the hearing committee. Simmons In his best voice insisted that he was a geed citizen, that all members of his Klan are geed citizens. Rut h revealed incidentally that whatever may be said of the members of the Klan, the Kleagles seem te have been willing te lie at a great rate te all pros pects when they talked of the membership of the organization. The Kleagles ndvertised a membership of POO, 000. Simmons swears that his followers number a little mere than 100,000. That, however, does net greatly matter. The question of geed citizenship raised by Simmons is one that he should hesitate te mention In a public plncc. What have masks and dark oaths and black-hand let ters and lynchtngs nnd razj pledges of allegiance te an "invisible empire" te de with geed citizenship In the United States? The first duty of any geed citizen is te live in peace, with his neighbor, te respect the cnnstilutlenal prevision which guarantees te all men equality under the law and the right le worship according te the dictates et their consciences. A geed citizen would suffocate in the atmosphere created in the haunts of tlic Ku Klux. Caution spoke in the actieu of the Heuse Wav-- and Means And Delays Hill Continue i omniittee in refusing ie give Secrctnri Mellen blnnket authority ie handle the leftindlug of the Government's war leans te the Allies, hut. instead, vesting the power in a commission of five te act with the Secretary This may be less effi cient than the Secretar.v's plan nnd may result in costly delay, but it Is assuredly the mere democratic waj , and people who rule themselves may expect te pay for the privilege. If the League of Nn Marhlng Down liens Council decides German Marks against Germany In rppcr Silcla the Ger man mark will fall le lin te the dollar, says a Berlin hanker. Though there be truth in the declaration and disaster In its Irani, the fact cannot in fairings be consid ered as affecting the merits t the case. The first wnrdless hespnnl in the world I- being erected in New Yerk, the Fifth Avenue Hospital. Fifth avenue and 10,1th street Out its chief claim te distinction lies in the fact that it i d signed te meet the needs of the people of moderate means. Wag earners who de net detire charity are te b given a chance te make part payments afttr a sojourn in the hospital, and a rea sonable time te pav the balance due Ex pert medical and surgpal treatment will net here at least be the delusive privilege and prerogative of the very rich or the ver peer. In a Brownsville, Pn football game even men were knocked out, there were fert.v tights en the sipfinp,, the referee, a traffic i op, was bumped nil ever the field, and the greensward was streaked with gore. That'n the kind of game for red-blooded hundred per cent American he-men And think of the experience It gives the hospital ambulance men. The complaint of Director Sproule that the action of Council In killing the Lean Olll has hampered the work of developing the .-...( la li ttrlfin i nll lita!A.wl -. 1. 1 il. I""1 " 'i'uinug junmit-u i.mi u op lliat Unde Sam, beelng the Cit.v Fathers se un mindful of the pert's needs, finds justifica tion In the fact for holding en te the control of tin' pert he acquired during the war? Because women farmer" wear pants in Zlllah, Wash., the town marshal wrote the State Attorney General about It, and the State Attorney General eavs you can't btep 'em, durn 'em. But perhaps the real evil of feminism le net that they wear pants while farming, hut Uiat thej farm while wearing pants. That the unexpected always happens Is, of course, net true, but there Is just enough truth in the old swjlng te keep us from worrying ever the result of the Limitation of Armaments Conference What happens will assuredly be unexpected though the whole world cries "I told you se ' The girl told Geerge Whitted. Pirate, that if he dldii t make a home run In the last game with the Giants she wouldn't marry hlra. Naturally, he went ahead and made the home run and they were married en Wednesday lust. They will new make their home runs together The Meyer Legislative Committee has developed the fact that In New Yerk City licenses te drive taxicahs have been granted te Oil convicted felons and liiil ether mis demeanants. Aud pretty nearly every New Yerk visitor la satisfied that he has bumped lute oue of them Add Chronicles of the Unusual The Postal Bulletin, published by the department In Washington, alleges that a cleric in the New Yerk Postefiice said "Thank you" te a man who ueiignt stamps. PHILADELPHIA, FRIDAY, OCTOBER li AS ONE WOMAN SEES IT Thore Are Many Women'a Political Cluba In This City and Explana tion Is Here Made as te the Why and Hew of Thern Dy SARAH D. LOWR1B IIIAVB been gradually learning the ropes of the political organizations for women in this city, and little by llttle I have get thorn untangled In my mind se for the hour et lenst I am capable of pass ing a civil sorvlce examination en them, or It seems te me that I am. Possibly some ether mind, male or female, has been be wildered by newspaper allusions te one or another during the summer as I have been; possibly the newspapers "have al luded te mere than they done had regnlzanee of." At any rate, this Is what I have registered In my own mind ns te the names, functions and activities of the nen-pnrtlsan and partisan, Independent and party women's cetnmitleca that work politically in Philadelphia. THE League of Geed Government, be fore women get the vote, was nn active political organization that came out for measures nnd for candidates. It con tinued Its functions until this summer, when It merged with the Voters' League. One thinks of Mrs. Frank Miles Day nnd of Miss Mary Burnham and of the Monday conferences In connection with the League of Geed Govern ment and of a solid group of responsible, serious women who took core te be Informed politically and who did net spare the red of disapproval If cither a candidate or en officeholder or n legislative measure out raged their sense of justice. Mere than any organization of the reform trend It placed exact information above prop aganda of a popular sort, and In doing this it put politics for women en a safer plat form than any of Its contemporary reform movements In the city. The organization Inte which it has merged has men and women members and under the name of the Voters' League set Itself the task of building up a political machine of a somewhat mobile character that would push certain candidates slated by the various par tics and avoiding the somewhat ncgatlve program of past reform movements, act for certain measures or candidates or office holders that after careful weighing seemed te measure up te the requirements. AS A POLITICAL machine cannot be made In a day even out of pieces of various reform organizations and as the rank and file of male votes In this town are cast automatically for candidates favored by the local organizers of the party in power, the Voters' League has a long, hard row te hoe before It arrives at the proud position of a molder of public opinion of the Crew or Penrose class; but there are many ad ad herents and mero well wishers who would be glad te see It arrive, and a geed fighting group that are willing te work te make It a power te be counted with. CONTEMPORANEOUS with the League of Geed Government, but working po litically only for the suffrage, were three suffrage organizations that were political entitles In the town before the passing of the amendment giving women the voting power. A year age most of these women who had been nctlve In getting the vote were gathered together In n large non-partisan peliticnl body known as the League of Women Voters. It was very ablv organized by Mrs. Catt nleng the lines of national, State, county nnd ward committees. It was designed te be purely an educa tional body and its county and State chair men were net permitted te held office in any political party organization. In this elly ft had two offices the State headquarters In the Flnance Building under Mrs. .lehn Miller. State chairman, and the county headquarters In the Frankllu Building under Mrs. Geerge Dunning, teunly chairman. A very able set of women comprised this body in Philadelphia, and in many wards, especially these In West Philadelphia, the organization by districts was well and thor oughly done. It was possible by means of this organization te get political information ever te nn appreciable number of voters in a very short time twenty -four hours which Is always a tesl of organization rec ognized by ward bosses. The league lu the Mute and in the county and In thn ward has a work of education te perform that the new vote mnj be mere intelligent and les.s automatic than the old vote has proved itself Throughout the State under Mrs. Miller's very nble and ardent management a very geed educational propaganda wns put through for the Constitutional mendment vote nnd a material result was shown in some counties. OF THE partisan political organizations In thin cltv there ate two Democratic ones, whic) were last year under Mrs. .Tenn Kane FeuU for the State and Mrs. Edward Davis for the city. Iuring elections they did some stout electioneering. Beth women nre noted for their enthusiastic tempera ments nnd the political traditions of their families. As organizers In a minority party they are pluck leaders of n forlorn hope and net without their fpirltual value te these who rebel again' t the "slandpnUers." THIS brings me te l he last three political organizations en my list that played a part that was observable te the general public during the year A year age lest fall the Weman's Stnte Republican Commute' under Mrs. Barclay Warburton's effective management began Its Interesting career Mis. Wnrburten was chairman by appointment int jL.nr nn,i M, wcre her count ermrmen throughout the State. It was a tn-eut of women who had in some cases lieen successful m Liberty Lean drives or Red ( iesS or war work, and In ether cases were aitlve phiianthreplcaliy or educationally, and in a very few In stances, politically. In their counties or dis tricts or wards. The try-out was te prove whethcr they could weik successfully with men in general and the political men In particular. The work was chielly propa ganda work for candidates at election time. Iu the early summer of this year at a special meeting of the State Republican Committee, of which Senater Crew Is chair man, a change was made In the State Re publican Party rules bv which women repre sentatlvra wcre admitted en n basis of fift fifty te the Stale Committee nnd the county committees. Mis. Warhurlen was elected the viee chaiimaii of the State Re publican Committee nnd Mrs. Themas Rob ins the assistant secretary Since then the counties have followed suit. Each county will Jiave a vice chairman and nsslstnnt secretary, with beats en the State Committee. THIS eliminates a separate Slate Repub lican Cemmlttct) of women and in the counties separata county Oepubicui com mittees of women. These that de exist new aie independent Republicans, such as the one In Philadelphia under the chairmanship of Mrs. Dobsen Altemiis. Incldentnllv, Mrs Altemus is vice chalrmnn of the regular Republican women of Philadelphia and Mrs. Jehn Wana maker, Hd, 1H assistant county secre tary, but as chairman of the Philadelphia Cevnty Committee of Republican Women nnd .ecretary tbey are independent of the "macnlne," which Is what sounds cenfuMng, but Is rather practical. This brings me te the last political worn wern nn's organization with headquarters In this town, the Republican Weman's Club of Pennsylvania, whose chairman is Mrs. Geerge Hernce Lerlmcr. and the headquar ters of which nre at LM0 Seuth Seventeenth street. This club hat) much the banie organ ization and educational Ideal as the League of "Women Voters, only It Is partisan in its Republicanism and therefore a mero logical school of politics for Republican voters than the league. A" R separate woman's organ ization for political propaganda It has a very sound platform and Is worth Joining. 1 "THANKING NOW MY IDEA IS THIS Talks With Thinking Philadelphia en Subjects They Knew Best t - Daily DANIEL CRAWFORD, JR. On the Building Situation In Philadelphia rnllAT the building situation In Philadel- phia has net met the demands of the growth of the city slnce the beginning of the war Is a matter of common knowledge, but that the public ts net fully Informed as te the reasons for this, is, the opinion of Daniel Crawford, .Tr., president of the Philadelphia Operative Builders' Association. "Our association." said Mr. Crawford, "Is distinctive from the contractor builders iu that we bill id homes principally, nnd therefore are Interested in the furtherance of the utilities of Philadelphia, which the ceiiti actor builder seldom Is, because he usually builds in a developed section. We often build in these sections which In this sense have net yet been fullv developed. "One of the grentcst difficulties in the de velopment of Philadelphia for twenty-five years has been the IncK of extension of the utilities, which has operated te retard the most rapid building of homes. We have never had conditions where the builder was free te select his loentlen for development because he has been confined le locations where it wns possible te get such utilities as drainage, gas. electric and tiansit, hut of Ihce drainage or sewerage Is the most im portant. An 1niK)rtant Facter "The geucinl public does net apprrclute the importance of the extension of the sew erage system, which is the ope factor which determines the possibility el development Probably tills is largely because It is buried and therefore cannot be seen, wheieas the ether utilities, such as transit nnd the ethers, nre In constant sicht und theieferc In mind. But proper drainage is the first consideration for the health of a neighborhood as well an the most important from the standpoint of the builder. "The piesent situation with regard te the housing conditions in this city ii rather anlque, owing largely le the fact that the public hat, been misled Inte the thought or rather hope tlmt It win ue HDie te oeiain housing accommodations nt pre-war pi Ices. This is net possible under tlic changed eco nomic conditions of the city and the country. "If it be admitted that labor must be p.ild an Increase of SsO per cent ever the pre-war prices In order te meet living expenses, then it fellows as a matter of ceuise that the cost of building construction must be rela tively higher. "As a matter of fact, the housing cost In Philadelphia, previous te the war, was ab normally low. This condition was brought nbeut by the fact that the city had a class of workmen engaged in the construction et small houses who winked at a mtj low niti, and in addition weiked unusually long hours. In niiiri cases this work was taken en the 'piecework' basis, and the men often worked from dalight te dark in order te finish that particular job and take another one in order that they might make mere money. The net result of tills system wns that we were able te build small houses In this cit.v fully 'J.I per cent below the cost of the same house in any ether large city lu the United Slates. War Changed Conditions "The war completely changed these labor conditions and the men were no longer will ing te work under them. "Taking Inte account the increases in the wages paid, as well as the shorter uui king day, the increase In the cost of production of heubcs lu Philadelphia has been gi cater than in any ether large city, "Before the war we could produce a house In Philadelphia for $1000 which would ce&t 5000 in New Yerk, this difference being due te the unusual labor conditions here. Tedav that same house would cost 1510,000 te build In New Yerk and also St 0,000 here, se that while the increase In New Yeik has been $.1000, the increase here has been $0000. "This Is borne out by actual estimates which many of the builders have compiled within the last tlnce months. Thev found that a house which fermcrl) cost i&OUO in build new costs $1,100, and houses whlih then cost $.1000 new cost $lill(IO, while the cost of a former $1000 house is new $0000 This docs net take Inte acieimt the cost of the land, the overhead or the financial Items' It merely covers the actual cost of construe-' tlen. hl e these ether Items have net in creased se largely as the construction costs, ai! i .ey A00' '!ave Ken'1 u "I'Precinbly! Added together, the sum total of the cost of 1921 YOU FOR YOUR KIND 'ATTENTION" building a house today Is fully double the old figures. "We nre new going through exactly what the country experienced after the close of the Civil War, with one Important difference as I see It. The fifty years following the close of the Civil War wcre the greatest that the world has ever known lu the invention and output of labor saving machinery. TIiIh made it possible te increase wages and at the same time reduce prices, because it did net cost se much te produce the material as be be be foie the Inber-savlng machinery came Inte general use. Whether or net there will be a similar increase in invention after this war. with Its correlative reduction in the cost of materlnls without the radical lowering of wages, cannot be said new, but there Is little Indication of it nt present. "While the cost of labor and materials has had this enormous advance, the cost of Ihe utilities has mere thnn kept pace with Ihem. Thus, the cost of water and sewerage installation nnd of paving Is new three times what it was in HIM. "There is one ray of lisht in the present situation for these who hope for lower house prices, nnd thnt Is the fact that the cost of the ground has net Increnscd se largely as the oilier faclers which enter into building construction. Fer this reason it is possible te buftd a house today te sell nt an average ofnbeul double the 10M cost, although the prices of the ether elements show jiu uverage Increase of nbeut 1-0 per cent. Laber the Chief Facter "The raw materials for u house -thai Is, lu their iinprepaied state, the stone in the quarry, the weed unfinished, etc. repre sent only about fi per cent of the cct of the btructure. The ether 0,1 per cent is all the cost of labor in prrparlng the materials and In putting them together. "The general economic level of values averages about 70 per cent above the former figures. In thebc things where labor-saving machinery Is ufed, und It has therefore been possible te increase the output per man. the raise during the last live years has been below this average; but lu nil commodities wherein the human clement entcis largely the value above this uverage depends upon the amount of human labor consumed In the production of the article-. As building Is practically nil human labor, it fellows that the general increase must be above lather thnn below this level. The Builders' Problem '"ITie problem new before the builders of Philadelphia Is le find a way in which te build small houses at n price which people can afford te pay, when It Is taken into con sideration that mebt Incomes have shrunk material slnce the close of thn war. or rather since the celln'pse of prices in 10110. With labor and material costs where they new arc, that Is net easy of solution. "The normal demand of Philadelphia for new houses te Inkc care of the growth of the city is about (1000 houses a ear. Before the war, for a period of about live yeais, we weic producing 7.100 new houses iinnuall.v inure than bilthcient te take care of the In crease In population and with a few te biiarc. This year we will net get mere than IfiOO, and the number produced In the years since the war has generally been far below that figure. "The question natumlly arises what be came of the people who had te be housed during this period of non-production In building? One of the chief factors in the solution of this v. us the fuct that iu 1015 there were 15,000 vacant houses lu the city. Out of these, 10.000 tenements have been created in the lasl live .vcurs. "Anether thing Is thut the people demand the best house that can be built, We have made elTeitb te lower the cost of heues by eliminating or changing some of the up-te-date features, but pcople will net buy these houses; they have become accustomed te the best and will net accept anything else. It Is certain that nil new heiibcs must have all the accommodations which prospective buyers have come te leek upon as necessities." THE SEARCH WITHOUT beneath the lustrous day Bv many a bowered and blossomed way I sought with unavailing stress. Fer happiness. When skies lea led lowering overhead Came one with visage grave who said: "If ever thou thy search wenldst win, Loek thou within!" ' Clinten Scellnrd In the N. Y,k Herald. SHORT CUTS Death is a great breaker of political dates. Wouldn't It be fine If what Council raises could be used as the official garbage lnclnernter? Every time we fail te hear any newi of the Irish Conference we grcuv hopeful of a happy ending. I see. remarked the Tough Nut. tint that guy Agenda is butting into the Arma ment Conference new. We gather from the President's letter te Miss Freed that he has no delusions con cerning the millennium. It was net until he made a fatal error that the baseball world realized what a won derful game Ward had been playing. The passport fee for exit from Russian territory is 400,000 rubles. In these dsyi of high prices this seems very reasonable. Chicago packing-house workers are Bald te lie in favor of striking. They evidently believe that the army of the unemployed needs re-enforcing. Cheaper turkeys for Thanksgiving ar predicted by a Smlthsburg (Md.) woman. Thnt is one of the things that may be classed as tee geed te be true. Postmaster General Hays Is trying te boost the circulation of the Postal Oullelln by running cartoons In it. The next step will probably be a Weman's Page. A joker In the German Reichstag pro pre poses n tax en fat folk and en peeplewltn deuble chins and red notes. Anether le sldieus nttack en the lager beer saloon. Te knew the Smoot Tax Bill Is te ap prove It with reservations. Te knew tli Finance Committee Tax Bill is te apprers the Smoot Tax Bill without reservations. When Prohibition Agent Yellevljj nskfi newspapers and actors te refrain from making jokes concerning prohibition we sur mlbe that he Is looking blackly aud seemi redly. Student enrollment In all the celleiM Is larger this year than ever before. Th altitude of the .veung men la perhapj. "Well, we might as well study, as there no use looking for a job," What De Yeu Knew? QUIZ Who said "Revolutions never go back ward" ? . j What were the names of ColumeUr three ulilps en his flrst voyage W America? . Nnme the author! of the novels "Hare Times" and "Hard Cash." who was Meunet-Sulty? HTiat kind of nnlniuls ar bniirlans Hew did the, word inazda come te ac quit e a slKiilllcance In electrlclt " . What wns the mlddle naine of Uenerai Rebert B. Lee"' . What happens te un act of CtmgM" which the President declines either l sign or veto? . . Where Is the original home of hurri canes? What la meant by a Iotharle and where did the name originate? Answers te Yesterday's Qulr Albert II Fall, Secretary of the Inter,1" and Jehn W. Weelcn. Hecretary of war, are the only members of the "re?" dent's Cabinet who have served In in" United States Senate. Chariet Augustln Salnte-Beuve vvaa a celebraled Ficncli literary critic. -, peclally noted for his "Monday Chats ("Causerles du Lundl"). ... Puce, r Wnd of purple brown, Is a color named after a ilea, "ruce" Is tn l'ench word for flea. .. ,lh Bismarck Is the capital of Nertn Dakota. The mean distance of the moon from the earth Is 238,882 miles. , Secular originally means occurring nc In or lasting for an nfte or a centurj. The seculai- Karnes of ancient JW"1" were held at long Intervals. , ... Aithur tlrllllth Ih head of the Irish at u Kiit Inn new In conference with un Urltlbh in Londen. . , . The Slclteiiff Is the great river of Ino Ine China. It rises In Thibet and empU" Inte the rhino, Heu. v Richaiit II tiarliani, writing under J naine of Themas Itigeldsby, was tne author of the "Ingoldsby Legends. Twe famous operas by Rossini f? 'The Uarber of Hevllle' ("II UarMfiJ dl Hlvlglla") , and , "William 1 ("QuIHaurqa Tell"). v. , ,.,,., ,ji "
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers