CTFT L" . h Vk V- jEuemng $Jub.Uc ledger PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY ' CVMtlltf II. K. UUUl'tM, PHMIDENt lohn C, llartln, Vice rreald'iit nd Tresetireri Chtrle. A. Tjler, Secretary! Chur'ea It. I.uJIn. tan. Philip ti. Collins. John 11. Wllllnme. John J. Pcurieon. Oeorce F. Goldsmith, David E. Bmlley, Director!. pavid n. SMtr.nr ..Editor .JOHN C. MAHTIN....Uenfml llmlnen Mnaer rubllohfd dally at PonMO Lmr.ra nulldlns Inrfpprndenco Hqanrc. rhllnrtelphla. AfUtmo ClIT.,.,. rrtt'-VnUm DulMlnit jS'mr ToK ...Iill .MirtUon Ave. Pbtxoit 701 Ford Hulldlng St. LAtnS 013 Qloir-Dtmoerat IlulMlnc Caicioo i 1302 Trflmtt Ilulldlng NKWB BUUEAUSI WieniniTow IlcacAV. N. K. CYir. rennayltanta Ave. and 14th St. Nut York Urniuo The Sun Itulldlns London Uoir.AtJ Trafalgar PullJIni sunacniPTioN tkrmh The EtKKmij Ptmi.io Lxrara la eervn) to tub. aerlheM In I'hlladelphla and surrounding; towns at the rate of twelve (13) centa jxr week, payable to the carrier. Or mall to pelnta outalde of Philadelphia In the United .State. Canada, or United flute pos. Seaatnna, poataae free, fifty (50) centa per month. la (to) dollara rer year, payable In advance. To all foreign count rim one (11) dollar a month, Xoticb flutucrlben winning- address chanced tnuit five old as well aa new address. BELL, 3000 TTAI.MT KTYSTONK. MAIN 1M1 CJTAMrtst all commnnfcnflonj to Kvrnlnp Public? iMitger. fmtpenffnce .Sewnre. Philadelphia. Member of the Associated Press TUB ASSOCIATED PRESS It cxcfiwUvrtj t-n-fUwrt to tht ue or rrjiublfrnKon o all news stUaofehes credited to it or not otherwise crrdlfriJ n iMj paper, and alto tht local news published therein. All riohts r republication of special dispatches ntrcin ore nltn reserved. FkllailrtpMi, Thunder, Scptembrr IS, 1921 COUNCIL SHOULD GET BUSY WITHOUT a considerable strain upon the verities It rnnnot be salil tlint the re convening; of City Council today minks the end o( nn earned vacation. Technically, the suspension of meetings was a recess. Actually, it was an example of quitting in the face of urgent problems. Once more these present themselves for solution, and this time the shirking of re sponsibilities cannot be condoned by argu ments in support of summer holidays. "Agenda," that favorite term among diplomatists, who appear to delight in pon derous phraseology,, la after all a penetrable mystery. The word simply means "things to be done." The "agenda" before the present Council includes the transit and gas leases, which cannot be disposed of by mere tinker ing. Unless an early derision regarding the city's relations to the P. H. T. Ir reached the opening of the Frankford elevated must appear hopeless. The only possible way In which the Coun cil can justify Its vnrntlon Is by promptly grappling with realities. JOHN'S EASY DAY GREAT hopes and great fears, cherished respectively by the ardent drys and the bootleggers' bunds In New Jersey after the passage of the State's special antl-llquor law, were alike prematura, If we lire to judge by the turn that events took in Judge In rersoll's Court at Atlantic City. Raiding has been the fashion of late in Atlantic City and elsewhere In New Jersey. The local authorities as well as the Federal enforcement agents have been rounding up men against whom evidence of dry law violation was conspicuous. When the ac cused were arraigned finally they were per mitted to go with what must have seemed to them extraordinarily light fines. Under the terms of the Van Ness act the super-dry law passed by the last Legisla ture a Jersey Judge may either jail or fine any one convicted of selling prohibited liquor. Judge Ingcrsoll refused to jail any one because the Van Ness Law is being attacked in the higher courts on the ground or unconstitutionality. He imposed fines which, while they might have hurt an ordi nary offender, certainly could mean little to any man who bandied contraband liquor in a large way. The maximum fine permissi ble under the State law is about equal to what some wholesale bootleggers have been able to make in a few hours of any busy day. Hero again the futility of too rigorous laws is illustrated. There were people In New Jersey who wanted a dry law that would be a terror to all drinkers. They got It. And it is a serious question whether It will stand the tests of an nppcnl. GOOSE AND GANDER BRIEFLY It may be said that the Public Service Corporation of New Jersey, which has again begged the United States District Court to overrule the State's Public Utilities Commission and give It the right to charge ten-cent faros on Its trolley lines, is asking for an Increase in wages. Its representatives argued that it cannot continue to live unless It gets more money. Now, It would be interesting for the mo Kent to leave all technical and purely legal arguments aside and inquire nbout the dif ference which deems to exist between the trolley financiers involved In the present case and the multitudes of wage earners everywhere who are being told that they must accept continuing heavy wage reduc tions if they wish to keep thema-lvcs and the country economically safe und efficient. Ferhaps Governor Allen, of Kansas, who preached the doctrine of lower wages and longer hours In this city, is the man who could best diagnose the peculiar affliction of the Public Service director. Between these directors nnd the workers and captains in all other Industries there is a wide gap. Everywhere railway men are seeking to bring rates down in order to get lost patron age bark. Trolley managers are finding that higher rates of fare tend to drive busi ness away and to reduce revenues. Indus trial leaders are trying for their own sake to keep the prices of their commodities within the reach of the masses of the peoplp. "Workers are accepting wage reductions. But the trolley corporations of New Jersey go on desperately demanding higher fares, running counter to nil normul economic processes of the hour, without wondering lor a moment where the people who ride on tbelr cars are going to get the money to pay the higher fares Hint tlicv .'e.nnnd. THE QUESTION OF JOBS TlTORE than a great many people expect ' may come from the meeting at which representatives of nbout 18,000 employers in tail city sought and discussed ways by which to provide jobs for unemployed men la this general region. The culminating resolution offered by Joseph M. Steele, president of the Builders' Exchange and tho Building Employers' Association, reflected a most sensible and admirnblc spirit in the presence of what is, for a great many peo ple, a very real emergency. Too many employers have permitted them elves to feel In recent months that the so called industrial slump Ir something In the aaturo of an act of Providence. It is noth ing of the sort. It Is the Inevitable result I errors of judgment and policy that may to attributed alike to many trades union readers and many influential loaders of the greater industries. It' Is too late now to frnme new Indict tnenti against the union men who urgurd too insistently for strikes and sabotage and the equally guilty exploiters like those who virtually paralyzed the building trades by erecting a profiteers' comer of all the essen- till bulb ik materials. den of unemployment falls now bor. alone, hut on the whole com- Wet w'pe MflMtr. v'la fe beeUng.at tbs Bellevue-Stratford were many earnest nnd tnlcntcd industrial lenders. They havo done fine nnd difficult things in tho past. But they will do a finer nnd morn difficult' thing now if they will combine their resources, pool their en ergies, to bring nbout an Industrial revival that, without scientific stimulation, may be deferred until enr'n CAN PREJUDICE DEFEAT CONSTITUTIONAL REVISION? It Cannot Do It If Electors With Confi dence In Representative Democracy Vote Right Next Tuesday WHETHER n convention to revise the Constitution of the Stato is to be held will be decided at the primary elections next Tuesday. The electors will be asked to vote "Yes" or "No" on the question of holding tho convention and to vote for the nomination of dclcgntes. If the verdict Is in favor of the convention the names of the delegates nominated will go on the ticket to be voted nt the Novem ber election. If the verdict Is ngnlnst the convention, the nominated delegates will be ignored and It will be as though they had not been named at the primaries. Every voter with a sense of his respon sibilities as n cltlr.cn nnd with a proper desire that the Constitution be modernized and that Its contradictory provisions be re moved will vote in favor of holding the con vention. There Is organized opposition to the con vention, but not a single valid objection has been raised to it. One group of persons objects because under the lnw providing for submitting the question to the voters nnd fixing the number of delegates and the method of their choice the Governor Is empowered to appoint twenty-five dclegntes. The objectors profess to believe thnt the Governor ennnot be trusted to name dele gates who will bo loyal to the public in terest. They forget thnt their representa tives in the Legislature approved this plan with full knowledge of what It meant. The legislators were aware that a ma jority of the delegates would bo selected by the local politicians and that the men chosen In many Instances would be without special qualifications for the work they were to do. They knew nlso that some of the ablest mon in the State, men who ought to be sum moned to serve if the Constitution is to be revised, would not make a fight for election as a delegate. Therefore, in order that the State might have the benefit of the wisdom and experi ence of these men, the Legislature empow ered tho Governor to select twenty-five delegates, confident that he would be guided in his selection by a high sense of his public dntv. If the Governor can be trusted to name ( the Attorney General, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the Highway Com missioner, the Commissioner of Public Henlth and the Commissioner of Public Welfare nnd Judges of nil courts of record In case of vacancies, he certainly ought to be trusted to name a small minority of the delegates to a Constitutional Convention. Governor Sproul, as a matter of fact, has selected the heads of the State depart ments with a view solely to their qualifica tions. He will use the same standard in appointing delegates to the convention. The convention Is opposed by a group of sectarians whoso members fear thnt If the Constitution is revised the door will be opened for the appropriation of public money to sectarian institutions now forbidden. Their fenr is groundless. If one thing is established more firmly than any other In the American political system it Is that the State must not be taxed to support religious institutions of any kind, whether they be schools or hospitals or orphanages or what not. Tho State does not interfere with a man's religious belief, and it will not tax a man of one sect to support the institutions of another sect. It is doubtful if n single delegate could be elected to the convention who would favor a reversal of this policy. Besides the necessity for a general re vision of the Constitution, there are two Immediate and pressing needs which cannot be met unless provision is mnde for them In the speedy manner possible to a con vention. One Is the financial pro-vision for a cele bration of the one hundred nnd fiftieth anni versary of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence in KUO. This city has no power at the present time to raise the money needed for the pro posed international fair. It can get that power only through a change In the Consti tution. That change cannot be brought about by the ordinary process of amendment until 1025, when it would be too late to be of any use. The other need is provision for a con tinuance of the State road-building pro gram. B.v tho end of 1028 the snm of $50,000,000 authorized by the voters in 1018 as a State bond issue for the improvement of the highways will have been spent. Without a change in the Constitution no money will be available for this purpose after 1023, save the automobile license fees, and the Constitution ennnot be changed nntil 1025, or two years after the present fund is exhausted. It Is proposed to put In the revised Con stitution an authorization to incur n high way debt not to exceed $150,000,000. If the convention should be held and this pro vision be included in the revised document, nnd If the voters should rntify It at tho polls, the way would be open for continuing without interruption the work of giving this State the best highway system In the country. Every nutoraobllist is personally inter ested in this matter. There are more thon 000,000 of thera in the Stnte, or enough to Insure tho holding of a convention if every one of them votes right next Tuesday. Every pretext offered by the opponents of the convention is on appeal to prejudice or intolerance or reaction. Every argument In favor of It Is based on confidence In the ability of tho people to manage their own afTairs in accordance with the fundamental principles of sound Ameri canism. Vote "Yes" next Tuesdnv THE WORLD COURT ENRICHED THE election of John Bassett Moore to the bench of the International Court of Justice, now In process of erection by the League of Nations, is a reassuring index of the possible character of the new trlbuuul, Although considerably younger than Elihu Root, Mr. Mooreris an unquestioned au thority upon inlerfhtlonal law, and has been enabled to seasorOfs learning with valuable experience. Since 1013 be bits been a member of the EVENING PUBLIC LEDGERPHILADELPHIA, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER T International Court at Tho Hague. Ho has served as Assistant Secretary of Stato nnd as Counselor of the Stnte Department. In 169S ho was counsel of the Spanish-American Peace Commission, and since thnt date, In addition to other duties, he has been especially active In questions ot diplomacy nnd International law affecting Latin America, n fact acknowledged v. hen ho bo came vice chnlrmnn of the International High Commission at the Pan-American Financial Conference In 1015. His "American Diplomacy, Its Spirit and Achievements," Is one of the clearest nnd most readable expositions of the subject extant. South American nations have been con spicuous in urging the choice of Mr. Moore for the new court. It has perhaps been felt that, although the Government of the United States plays no part In Initiating tho tri bunal, an authority upon New World in terests, trained in American policy, must enrich the qunllty of the International bench. North Americans will be justified In be lieving that while Mr. Moore serves in tho new court their alienation from this ambi tiously planned instrument of world peace is by no means complete. KU KLUX LETTER-WRITERS WE HAVE not space to print the letters thnt have been Hooding this office since the amazing narrative of the Ku Kltir drive began a few days ago in the news columns. But the reading of this correspondence has. been nn odd nnd enlightening and reassur ing experience, which readers would be per mitted to share if for a day wc could crowd all the news ofi two or three pages. Men and women In all walks of life, of all creeds and callings, have written to say that the cxposuro of highly organized nnd com mercialized malevolence calculated to work havoc to our nntlonnl spirit is n public service of nn extraordinary sort. These cor respondents sign their names to their lotters. A parallel stream of threats and pro nouncements nnd denunciations come from folk who invariably keep their Identity a secret. These writers threaten. They ac cuse in language wild. We arc to be pub licly hanged on the clad day when Wizard Simmons establishes his authority over the land. We nro to be tarred if, indeed, wo are permitted to survivo that long. One man wrote vividly of his hope to be the first in line when tho editor of this newspaper is lynched. Like the others of his sort, he was careful to kcop his name to himself. Thus he denied us the privi lege of telling him personally what an un happy goop we believe him to be. For It is hard not to be sorry for such a mnn. It is hard not to be sorry for tho group that can produce him a group which, through its nnonymous letter-writers, seems for a moment to turn a distorted face of black nnd unreasoning fanaticism on its critics. No He is too stupid, too transparent, to be unacceptable to some people. That is plain. How enn the would-be lyncher know that his mind has been poisoned like the minds of a good many others by people who do that sort of thing for n living so long as they can remain out of jail? In some of the small Southern and Mid dle Western communities there are print shops which once were devoted to the busi ness of printing nnd circulating obscene books and pamphlets. In recent years they have been given over to tho production of books and folders which outrageously libel any fraternal order or any creed that ap pears to have enemies. An amazing thing now Is to Jind thnt the atrocious drivel written and printed with out a moment's regard for truth or decency and so fantastic as to offend a rntlonnl miu'd has been accepted as simple truth by many otherwise sensible people. This newspaper hns no desire to be nn nrbltcr between religious creeds or a cham pion of any one of them. It is content to remember the provisions of the Constitu tion nnd to feel that every mnn hns n right to choose his own manner and way of wor ship. It la concerned only with the danger which Ku Kluxlsm brings to the spirit of unity in America nnd to the whole social order of the time. If we hod had any doubt about the wisdom and justice of the KIux exposures and wc hadn't It would have vanished after a reading of tho letters of the Klnn's anony mous defenders. They more thnn any one else need to know the truth A NEW BUILDING ERA IS DUE THE beginning of a movement to catch up with the pressing need for homes in Philadelphia is perhaps discernible in the marked incronse In the number of building permits Issued for dwellings thus far this month, Within the last fortnight the Bureau of Building Inspection has sanctioned the erection of more private houses than in any whole month since April, 1920. The total to date for the first half of this September is 220. If this new activity presages u much greater development n favorable view of the situation is wnrrnnted. Taken by them selves, however, the figures represent noth ing like the response to urgeut necessities. It has been estimated thnt the wants of tho growing population in this community can be adequately served only by the con struction of at least 10,000 new dwellings each year. While tho cost of materials re mained at tho peak excuses for tho stagna tion in building wcro valid, But although pre-war conditions have not returned and may not recur for a generation, it is indis putable that the day of exorbitant coats is passing. Ono of the requisites of the present Is en terprise inspired by practical rnnnideratlons of tho future. If the projected celebration of the one hundred nnd fiftieth anniverhary of the birth of the Nation is to become a fact here, even normal Increases in build ing will be insufficient. The citv will require new hotels nnd or commodatlons of various kinds for throngs of visitors. The resolution ptesented by Joseph M. Steele, president of the Builders'' Exchange, nt n meeting held under the auspices of the Industrial Relations Com mittee of the Chamber of Commerce this week, particularly specifies the need of vastly enlarged residential equipment. The success of the fair would bo seriously compromised should this city take on the aspect of Washington In wartime. A new era in building is certainly duo If Phila delphia Is to adjust its energies to its ob vious opportunities. Grcnt Britain favors Teasing the Goats limitution of naval nimanient no long as sho may remain In tho lead. Japan Is will ing so long as there Is no chnnce of anjbody licking her In the Pacific. The Disarma ment Conferenro Is being ushered In with many preliminary gestures. The pitchers, are limbering up. The riders are jockeying for position. The pugilists nre punching the bag. The publicists are mixing their metaphors. And nil things point to tho likelihood that when the conferees get to gether every concession will 1ms buttressed with a "but," and every "but" will behave as though It ought to be spelled with two t's. No sooner hnve we Mixed Nuts finished listening to a bunch of prophets who predict n hard winter thnn another bunch of 'cm, this time from Sussex County, Delaware, steps to the frowt with n predic tion of n mild winter btHiuse Nature hns failed to provide the HqulrreU with a plen tiful supply of nuts. But wHt'a the matter with the propheU? ,.A A RARE PROPHECY Herbert Spencer's View of the future of America and England, Spoken Thirty Yean Ago A Dire Pre diction for Hit Native Land By GEORGE NOX McCAIN THIRTY j ears ago today Herbert Spen cer, the famous English philosopher and author, delivered a prophecy on America. Nowhere docs it nppcar in nny of his published writings. Ills words were titercd in the courso of nn Interview in London with nn American newspnper correspondent. On this occasion he nlso outlined what he conceived' to be the future of the mon archical government in Grcnt Britain. Viewed lit tho light of today, nnd regard ing the course of events subsequent to the World Wnr, It Is an Impressive declaration. , mo propnecy applicable to this country is, ns to Its correctness, a matter of indi vidual judgment nnd point of view. Thoroughly Spenccrlnn, it Is characterized by the clear expression as well as the pessi mism thnt marked his wiittcn nnd spoken thought towntd the close of his life. Herbert Spencer died In December, 1003. mIIE American Imagines that he enjoys JL tho ndvnutngcs of liberty, but the fnct is thnt there as elsewhere in the civilized world the State Is steadily and rapidly ab sorbing the individual's freedom of nctlon," said Mr. Spencer. "The American has the form of self sovereignty, but he does not hnve it in reality. "It is difficult to foresee what will be the outcome of American progress, but I do not think thnt your republic will cscnpo the consequences ot tno general struggle. "The fact Is, few men have nny nny true np- nreclntion of liberty. "Suborvlcnco to n majority In personal concerns Is as bad ns subservience 'to a king, nnd thcro can be no worse despot than the majority. "Just In the same wny that men have now come to resist the dictation of the State (be It one man or the majority of men) in the respect of their religious beliefs, so when they fully understand liberty will thev como to icslst such dictation, even of the million ns of the one, in matters of prlvnto concern. fiTTUin great reform needed Is to InslBt JL everywhere and alwnys that each man shall take the consequences of his owu nature, "That he shall hnve, without deduction, nil the benefits of his own nature and ac tion, nnd tnke all the evils of his own nature nnd nctlons, nnd shall neither saddle those evils on other people nor be defrauded by other people of the benefits. "This Is the law thnt should bo InsHod on, not only in the conduct of individuals to one nnother. but also in the conduct of the State to individuals. "Teaching does little. The discipline of life does everything, "There is nothing to do but to Insist upon the carrying on the lifo in n thoroughly honest, conscientious way, and reprobntlng everything thnt docs not conform to a high standard of conduct. (tj DO not see much hope of chnnge in X this direction while your mntcilal de velopment is going on nt so great a rate. "In a society like yours ambition In evitably takes tho direction of acquiring wealth, nnd the struggle for this brings In evitable evils. "So long nR you hnve the American con tinent to subdue and people. I do not sup pose you will change much In your ethical standards." HIS views concerning the future of his native England were ultra -pessimistic. His predictions, or rather his ideas, con cerning the people of England took on n far darker and more gloomy nspcrt than did thoBC concerning the United States. "Since I begnn to write there has been a dear reaction against Individual liberty," he said. "We are certninlv tending toward State socialism, which will be it worse form of tyranny thnn that of nny government now recognized In civilisation. "After State socialism will come military despotism. "At present the State Is absorbing the individual nctivlty of men. "It is Intermeddling in all mnnner of ways In whnt should be private enterprise. "Gradually the State will usurp the func tion of private enterprise to such nn extent thnt the people will one day awake to it; but It will be long before they make an effective resistance. UT CANNOT but think that the struggle JL will be severe something terrible to contemplate. "I do not pretend to set n date for the catastrophe or to anticipate Its horrors. "The progress of the doctrine of evolution throughout the woild Is unquestionable, but at the same time I ennnot say that I rco any movement in the direction of my own view politically." Following 1i!r predictions concerning the future of the American people. Mr. Spencer predicted the revolulon In American copy right laws which has since been effected. "So fnr ns the present Copyright Law recognizes the rights of nn author, It may be nccepted ns a good step In the right dircrt'lon. There will, however, hnve to be n change before the literature which deserves protec tion can gain any benefit from it," he de clnred. What Do You Know? QUIZ 1 What fnmous specialist In optics declared "Tho eye hns every possible defect that ran be found In nn optical Instrument and oven some peculiar to Itself. If nn optician tried to sell mo nn Instrument which hart all these defects I Bhould thtnlc myself quite Justified n blnminff his carelessnesR in the strongest terms and In sendlnjr him back his Instru ment"? 3. Distinguish between KHJah and nilslia 3. Where and In what war was the Battlo of Cowpens fought? 4 "Where nnd what Is the Out of Canso'' B. When dirt Dnrwln's "Origin of Species" first appear? ' 6 Whnt four names are given hv the Rwlsa people themselves to Rwltrerlnml' 7- wl?nwoorKnhK;anprtar'en,s of Kin 8 What was the original home of the Kick. npoo Indians'" 9 Distinguish hetween Rocecrans ami Itosencrnntz. 10. What American State has the motto "Mountaineers Alwnys Freemen"? Answers to Yesterday's Quiz 1. Joseph Prleetley, nn English chemist dis covered, or Isolated, oxycen In 1774 2. Shnntunit la n peninsula In the northeast of china, hetween the Gulf of Pe-cht-ll nnd the Yellow Sea. " 8, Lewis Carroll (Chart! Lutwldee Dodo son) wrots "Alice in Wonderland" 4. Albert I-anKer la the present chairman of the United States Shipping Hoard 6. Isnbello. Is the heroine of Shakespeare's cornedv "Mensuro for Measure C. Thomas Jefferson was tho first President of the United States to he elected bv the House of Representatives 7. "The layltur on of the hands" nn erft for tho king's evil was abandoned In England after the time of Queen Anne because It was Buppored that thn curative virtues belonged exclusively in theHouseof Stvinrt.of which Anne wn the last relgninR representative, nnd did not extend to the Hours of Han. over as represented by George I 8. Tho Latin phrase, "mlra4illo dlctu " fre. quently used by Virgil, means "won. derful to relate." wu" 0 Aphnsln Is loss of speech as the result of cerebrnl affection. Aspnsla was a cele brated Mlleslnn woman of great talents and beauty, who removed to Athena In her youth and became the mistress of Pericles, the distinguished statesman Her house became the center of literary nnd philosophical roclety nt Athens anil her ascendancy over Pericles wnH hucIi that the war with Samos on behalf of Miletus in 440 U. C. was frcauent?y ascribed to her Influence. ,rcquen"y jv. Aunenne j.rtouvreur wa a celebrate icos-njd. - "or ua"9 " M rM jsr.nvi'j' if w w$$Mmm sr : .WY.rnrr.t mt mil mtii mpi tt mt irymnf ra ri irt-m wrri.T i riiiirrsm-Lii .nitT.r')'HT"ijrTU.'iiiiw7ii.TOiinnr' . $tgafr!'s7' , .'-iI-w' - j & ' SSL" ' yj'''''r-'' NOW MY IDEA IS THIS Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia on Subjects They Know Best SAMUEL M. CLEMENT Public Service Commissioner Talks of Transportation and Civic Con ditions In Europe EUROPE hns made a marvelouely quick recovery from tho effects of the great war In many ways, but In none has she re vealed greater recuperative powers than In the transportation nnd policing facilities of her largest cities, according to Samuel M. Clement, Public Service Commissioner of Pennsylvania, who hns just returned from nn extensive trip abroad. "I went abroad this summer," said Mr. Clement, "with the prlnrlpnl thought in my mind of a close examination of the trans portation conditions in the Inrgo Enropcan centers and of the Rtudy of civic conditions generally. I thought thnt In this manner I might obtain Information of how these things were being conducted In the world's largest cities, nnd especially nt the close of tho greatest war which the world has ever known. This information was bound to be of service to me in my official capacity, and thus make me a better Public Service Com missioner. Conditions In London "London wns the first place which I vlhitcd, nnd I found thnt the municipal au thorities there haye solved the problem of handling the people nnd preventing that congestion which Is one of tho public trans portation problems of every gient city. The British metropolis, in this respect, is fnr ahead of oiir yeat American municipalities. "When the British shops and factories close each day there Is, of course, an enor mous number of persons immediately thrown into the htteets nnd thoroughfares of the city. But there is nothing like the congestion in nnv pait of London which I snw, nnd I was in nearly everv part of the city, which wc in Philadelphia know at. for instance. Fif teenth and Market or Thirteenth nnd Mar ket in the evening or nt Sixty-third and Market In the morning, where In the rush to get home or to get down town the people form n struggling mob, and where It is a case of every one for himself nnd the btrongest ones get into the cars first. "In London the filtlng of tho busses nnd trams Is an orderly proceeding. Under the supervision of the 'bobbies' the people enter the convejnnccs. two by two, without hnsto and without disorder. There Is no confu sion, no hhovlng, and I must ndmlt thnt the vehicles nre filled In this orderly mnnner with more speed thnn our cars are filled by our tvpically American manner of getting Into them. More Persons Handled "And It must not be forgotten that with this orderly method London handles a great many more persons than Philadelphia or, for that matter, any other city In the world. This, too, In spite of the fact that tho Lon don streets, especially in the older parts of the city, are far narrower than those of almost any American city. "In nil the time which I witnessed this performance, which was nmazlng to an American, I -never saw the first suggestion of disorder. The people obeyed the officers ImpHcltIv nnd without qurstlon nnother fact which is an unusual one from tho American point of view. But the order was largely maintained for that very reason ; the officer knows exactly the traffic situation, and when his rommnndH nre Instnntly and Implicitly obeyed the results nre good. Vehicles Under Rama Restraint "The vehicles, llko the foot passengers, are under the saino admirable discipline. In all London I never (saw a congehtlon of vehicular ttafflc such as wo see In Philadel phia on Broad street between Locust und the Public Buildings on Orchestra afternoons or on opera nights. The drivers of the ve hicles of every description obey tho com mands of the officers, and thoro Is never nny trying to get across uftcr the slgnnl to htop has been given, or any other of the many familiar Infractions of the traffic laws which every American city sees a thousand times every day. "The result of all this Is that the streets of London nre perfectly safe nt all times for the font passenger, nnd mnde easy for tho vehicular driver to get around with his rnv or other conveyance without loss of time and with n minimum amount of risk to him belf and to others. "The tuxls, tno, nre admirably managed. They nre not allowed to stnnd around In inuiscrinunnio groups and piuces, such ns the mass nf taxis which wo aru accustomed kco riciore our great cotcis, and In other maces around the city. They have their I p bile stands and they an obliged to remain tiers until summoned to take up passengers. I .t'in,,i ir,.i. ti,m.i.. ..fi ... ',i.: ... ,? iiai.miiu Hit C cijujppeu 15, 192i .GETTING ROUGH., i and the chauffeurs nre nil In uniforms, and nro respectful nnd willing to be of the most service possible to the passengers. Tho Zono Fare System "London has worked but the zono fare system better thnn any other city in the world, it Is said, nnd nfter whnt I myself saw, I am willing to believe this. I saw it worked nnd I tried it myself from the point of view of the passenger, by riding many times on the buses where the zone fare plan was In operation. Sometimes the fnro was three cents, nt others four cents nnd ngnin six cents, according to tho length of the zono. but there wns never any troublo nbout it. The piibscngers paid willingly nnd without nrgument nnd evidently understood the system nnd Its requirements from them ns well ns the bus conductors themselves. "The streets of London nre perfectly bafe for tho podestrlan nt any hour of the day or night. I wnlkcd around the city a good bit at many different hours and I not only did not sec, but I did not hear of n single attempt at n hold-up or other similar in fraction of the lnw. The htreets are well lighted, well patrolled by the officers nnd ns a consequence, lawlessness is at a mlulmum. I'nrls Even Better "In Paris I found the physical condition of the tv in even a better condition than London .ilthough before going there I had thought tliLs to be almost impossible. The streets of Paris nie marvels of immaculate perfection in cleanliness nnd beauty. There Is no paper or other litter upon thein nt nil. "But there is a reason for this. In the first plnro the streets of the entire city nre cleaned between tho hours of 1 A. M. nnd 5 A. M. when they nre least used nnd when the cleaners have both time nnd room to do their work thoroughly. And it is done thor otighly; there lire no signs of gnrbagc, nsh cans or other defacing objects seen there, no matter In what part of tho city you may be. "But the people of Paris nre themselves largely responsible for this excellent condi tion of affairs. They have been taught from youth up not to defaco their streets and the whole city knows the lew-on well. "Tearing up a letter or nn envolope nnd throwing the debris on the streets Is n common American habit ; It is not a common one in Paris nnd ngnin with an excellent reason. If paper of any description be tht own on the streets of Paris and u gen darme happens to t-ee it done the person committing the ofleiiho is fir.st made to pick up every piece nnd convey it to a receptacle for the puipoip of receiving wustc paper. "But the mntter does not end here. The gendarme has nuthority to impose a fine of live francs and to receive payment und give n receipt for it. If the culptlt hasn't the live francs, he 1ms to remain In the custody of tho officer until it is paid. Under these circumstances It will be readily seen thnt the throwing of loobc paper nnd rubbish around the streets of Paris is not a populur sport. Ihe system Is strict and the lines are nlwnys Imposed. Ihercfoie, the people soon learn to put waste paper in the proper place und not In the stteets. On a Festival Day "While I was In Paris, there occurred one of the great Catholic holidays, Assumption lwSft, ? (,"1st0,"n,,y with Continental holidays, after church service, the theatres, movies and other places of amusement wcro opened. The parks, trnms nnd nil the places of amusement were filled to the doors, but I did not bco or hear of a single cuse if diB. orderly or noisy conduct. Every one wns bent upon having a good time and everv one did have it, but there wns none of the bolncrousuers ami towdyism which is oo frequently it concomitant of nn American hoi day. The I'nililiinH seem thoroughly to understand the principles of nw M$ 0d and to carry them out. r "I. fou.ml tho btrcct railways of Paris wonderfully well conducted. They have women conduct,,, , 0,, the surface lines, and both the officers of the cars and tho pais" -gers are courteous to each other nnd obliging. No Overhead Wires "There is not un overhead wire In Paris and this as much oh nny other single thine helps to beautify the city. The gtin m"s arc a incbo,) of men, they nie nil vve I di eased, with their shoes nlwnys shlned, un they piebcnt u fine appearance, beside belt g thi.imighl.v efficient ns police officers. Naturally, I was much Interested In the air servUo between Paris mid London; so much m that I, with my tvyo daughters, rame from PnrlH to London dn that wny The ships carry ten nasseiKn.tMiv .i... cabins, hvo on the outside wltlAthe pilot and two outside in the rear. Each, passenger Is two outside In the rear. Each, pnssengek' u allowed to bring thirty pounds of baggage," W&a&st&itoA i;,irvwi iirtjB'w'sfinMUL'rA'i.'irii.re. a-tfLOTV.srarrojJw FOivvJi'M'i',.M;nrif y.fJVJ.w W?.!ffiMKi'HM.WA-Cd',f..Fr.fli SHORT CUTS Old Tight Wad says all taxes tri nuisance taxes. Once in a grcnt while the scales c( Justice are on her eyes. A belated diet of tardy birds fattened the registry list yesterday. Looks as though the ashcart were about to make its luht trip to the dump. The suggestion persists that tht Im perial Wizard la more Imp. than WIx. Though Hope deferred makcth Erin heartsick, Hope remains while argument is possible. There is at least no question thit John Barleycorn was implicated in the death of Virginia Rappe. Finger-print experts have piovod tie authenticity of a picture by Leonardo U Vinci. Once again Pudd'nhead Wilson n cclvcs vindication. It is the liveliest bird that catches tht worm on a tennis court, and where there are two BJHh for one worm there Is bound to be nn interesting time. Americans voted for for Judge of the International Court of Justice were Scott, Root. Moore and Pound a most Impressive nnd impsing bunch of monosyllables. Because they can'c get enough crop eating iiibects to keep them alive, blackblrdi tills year are eating moro thnn their share of grapes, corn nnd lima beans. When birds become strict vegetarians they become pests. The fact that the youngster who killed two automobile salesmen In Chicago brnra of the fact that he never in his life either smoked or cbowed tobacco should be brought to tho attention of the Antl-Clgarette League. At the annual fishing contest at Paris fi-10 anglers angled for two hours and a half, the entire cntch wns twelve pounds nnd the winner won with nn eight-ounce fish. That river is evidently both safe and Seine for the finny tribe. A Cleveland girl paraded the streets in men's clothes nnd smoked a cigarette. She fooled ever body until Mie saw n cop. She tool: to her heels, he pinched her, and it was nil off. Hupplh, the feminine henrt can't masquerade as masculine and get ana; with it. From Papeete comes the news that movie bathing beauties have been barred from South Sen Islo beaches. Hlgktjr Tahiti ! Press agents becomo hard pressed. Soon we'll be told of South Sen beauties being required to dress beforo visiting Father Neptune. A Jollet. III., Girl advertises that h wants a husband who will give her lf.1000 with which to go to college. Which (sug gests the thought that if stic gets the right man she may not want to go to college; and the wonder what, if she does go to college, the husband gets for his money. Don't forget the big ucrlal which the Collector of Internal Revenue Is dolus, nil level best to make Intercstlue. Third In stallment of the "Income Tax" due today. MrCnughn Hand in attendance ""' '' o'clock this evening. Go early and avoid tM rubh. Take your lunch with you. Advt, The Antl-Cigarette Longue lilts our coffin nails and gives 'cm fits. It lams our pipes, swats our cigars, attacks our nwe tobacco juis. And ulnce there's nothing left to NonU, it knocks the stuffing out oi t-inoke; declaring that said binoke contain' carbon monoxide, unipty grains, a aunrt or two of prusbic acid and (to unset our manner plncid) some acrolein of vile nt'P," tlon and things too terrible to mention. v quite bellovo It nil, and so Wring on your piusslc add, bo! Thirty-five of tt Hjpcibole forty-eight States that compose the Leugucot Nations are indulging in n lively compel tlon for the eleven seuts on the bench of I International Court of Justice and the four fccnts in the Council of the League. l may astonish tho world nt large, but ret"" ln .1, ,....., .... ..., I Hn has PIIC things in mind. He whispered to an nvll tho other duy that iho (Junker City I Vm lated almost entirely by candidate -WJJ ' magistrate. 1 eK-L
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers