i -r , VMS. ia!Av,',Wj.Ua .wibw !W"9v i''ir-iJfTwxvvwY-w - ' ir;i ns"vn 5!fi,.",s,JVl? J !-!. .. ! lituii IA AHM I" Efi R hi :!, lu . Ut iff' JEV 11 -. If if & ' I I' St1' 9r iu 1": - r'. a-is HK- M 8 Euening Itab.Uc-IGedgec 7 PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY CYUUS 1L K. CI'IITIH, PiminiUlT John C. Mnrlln, Vic lreldnt ntl Trenjurer; Chnilei A. Tlr, Kecretnry, Charles II. Uitlln. ton. Philip a. Coilln, Jihn II. Wtlllim. John J. Bpnrsetm, (Icorse r aoltinmllh, Dai Id K, Hmlley. Dlrvlnrs PA,vm a hmu.i.TT HdTtni JOHN' C. MAHTIM, n-rl llmlneis Mnff Publliheil Cully nt filiate I.rrtim Ilulldlnr Indnmilenc tiquare, l'lilhi.tIrlil. Athmtic Citi rrj-I'ntwn ilulldlni Nnv ihk :iil Madlmn Ave. DentniT ;oi ronl DnllillnB Br. Loin 013 OtobfUrmtierat Dull line Chicago iao2 Trtbun llulldlnt Nl;W8 nt'IlRAt'S: TAjSlllNdTOS IJUIID, N 12. I'ur ronnsyttanla. Ai. and Uth St I.KW Yoiik Dinrtc Tho Sun Hulldlnr tows IiL-nrAr- .'rrnfRlirnr IlulMlne St'IISCHIlTION THHMS Th IStcMsn I'tnuc Lpikics Is rvd to iuo rrlbcri In I'lilUdeluhl and aurruundlnit tovrni ot the rule, of tnclvo (!') cents rer wk, rrb! to tho carrier. Dy mall tu feints outdd of Philadelphia. In tho t'nlled 3ut h Canada or Unl'ed Mtatu ro tMilons, rotir free tl(t (Six criitu rr Month, filx (tl dollars ?er ', f rouble In ndvanc. To all fur. len .'..untrlt-i tint- ! dollar a month. Notice Sultcrlbr wishing addrtxn chanted nuit irlie nld as p!I us niv addrcai. BELt- 3000 WAI.MT KfYSTOM' MAIN 1M0 ET .4tdrr o(l v-ofiir. i?ik"(ntnva to LveMng Public Ijfdcrr Independent Stjuare, rMtndrfrMn Member of the Associated Press THC ABSOCIATVK PRESS i. fxciuiH'fly en- tltlrd to the ui ur rpi.Mirfjfln u' ull nru dUpntctiet crrdiicrf fo II or no( olh'ru'ljf crfrf(ld n this rciptr, amX alto the Incnl niir fHinJ i therein. All H0M1 nrruWeaMon o spiJflI cV5pafcM I Xerrin nr nlu rrttrd. rhifidfiphii. ?.mrj7. Mir ;. i:i THE WILD EAST F5U almost a ; nTutini the Wpft hoi been ablt: to bmiit nbtnit U .tiindnrils of law anil order. I'owbojF ride In Tordf. Whin Is known n, "the villa elms" has taken possession of urens where, in nn older day, home thieves were h united nltnost dally. TourUtB go in bllsful pence er htfthwarp where not so very lone uru KtiiRc coaches moved cautiously and heavily armd. It Is in the East that cuns bark In th etreets and that hlRhwaymen v.-nture out and come, to ends as ntonihing n.s that vrhlch a cunmnn mt nt the hands of an mtonlshlng taxlcabby ut Hldley 1'nrk The "Wild East is a reality likely to awo the Underfoot from the plains. There was nothing in the dime novels tnoro thrilling than the feat of the taxi driver who opened the throttle of his ma chino a wide as It would go, rhased the men who had tried to rob him and Anally lunged from his seat and turned a sun that had been leveled nt him s--o that the man holding It received a bullet in his brain. It is nig clficant that even the Hldley Park police men "hesitated" for n few seconds while young Mlntzer fought the issue to its terri ble flnlh. Tt men with iron nerve are like poets. They nrc born. They cannot be made. There are few peuple who would not i "hesitate" for an Instnnt at the know ledge j that a forty-five automatic pistol wa.s leveled I at them out of darknes.s. , SAFE AND SANE PATRIOTISM IK OCR suburban communities prepara tions for the celebration of tho Fourth of July arc already pretty m.-II ndvunred. Within n week or two we vhull i,ear from various quarters the usual appeal for a eafe and .an, Fourth. Th u-.ua! advice tvIU bo directed against fireworks and there It will oikI. We shall have a long way to go toward rafe and sane Fourths even after dangerous rlreworks have been eliminated altogether. Safety and snnlty will not have been achieved In any putnotlc celebration until any man who lives by crooked politics or betrays tin- people who eleet him to otfice or deliberately makes a get -rich -quick game out of public service is forever forbidden by lnw or public opinion to spout pn tentloiis platitudes in a sn. railed patriotic oration. That -ort of thing, so common In Amer ica, is the darkest kind of fnkery. The men who on one da pervert and frustrate the Bystetn of free government and on the next paw the national color and shout about love of country niTront the popular intelli gence, and they must lie classed, in any linnl anal sis. among nr' ..il enemies of the state. Yet they thrive and thev multiply. When the are eimunat'd finally we nhnll bo able to l.ilk without blushing about safe and saiio Fourths of Julv RIVER GALLANTRY ""VJO CAl'SK lias been asigmd an yet for IN th" j.Tid'nt" i in which live pontons Tere badlj hum. There are kindliness and courtes in this verdict on tne performance of th" uurient ferrjbout Hevrly, which failed to establish the perfect correspondence between herelf und the f'umiien ferry slip yesterday morning. In her girlhood, as Joni of the oldest in habitants may recall affectionately, if dimly, the responsheness of me lleerly was tin Mirpassid on the river .-,uner with sen hitlvoness, aglow with pulsing life, the lnnd ings of the Ileverlj were poems, dainty as u triolet It is charitable and ji;-: to l-eep this van ished technique in ui,ni. Age and en rablcnes do not alw.ijs iinmnnd respict, but thev ihse-w it. Doddering between two great crimnmnweaith- to the very best of lier withered .ibillties, tho Ileverly is n Bpectiulo net for critiiNm. but sympathy. She dor j wil. it would stem, to land her pasM-ngirs ut nil In a sot,,,. he got th I'lifr she llsteth and lutet'i uli to e gneth. Hers are valiant efforts stumblings, bumps, mishaps uml ul! "Men are v.,. arid must grieve when the flhad" of that which once was grut hai passed .'nun PATHOS OF PIONEERING rplil? iiiuhet:eii! pristhuuiuu'i n-ir.ors JL heaped upon tie memorj ot Sam M I'lerpntit I.ungle weri increased .vstcrriay with recognition of the tiunj fifth nnni' rersary of Ins momentous xporiment with the first airman' . Not nil pioneers have oeeii su luckless as Luncley. nltbougli it is fashionably philo Bophlc to beliee that the fruits of Justifica tion are domed them Fulton saw at least the beginnings of the triumph of the steam driven ship Tl ere were eighteen bus jenrs of railw.iv construction In England to con sole (lenrge Stephenson before his death. EdUon und Hell live to nJoy the victory of the incand'scnt light and the telephone. These instances, however, bimply inten sify the bitti moss of I.angley's fate, per haps if Trowbridge had not written "Darius (ireen nnd His Fljlng Machine" the tireless efforts of one of America's most original ientlsts wuitld have been received with less mockery The joke is sardonically rrversed today In nil this transformed world thrc la none to laugh at the first mini that flew. Men who think cannot but be ashamed of their lack of oharitv MORE NATIVE AMERICANS r A I.THOl'iill tic cmis-us figures are not I completely anal) it cl. it is llkelj that they will show that the prreiitng of nfjti re born in the population is larger than it was In 1010 This inference Is based on the an nouncement that the forrlgn-born popula tion In Now York city has fallen from 40 -J per cent In 1010 to :w t per cent in 1I1!0 Thli .1.1.4 per ceut includes approximately 9,000 000 persons. In 11)10 the population of the whole coun try vras nindo up of 85.3 per cent native end 14.7 foreign born. Immigration vir tually ceabed for the period of the war, and in that time many children were born of parents not native to the country. When the figures of the 1020 census arc compiled It is likely that the native population will amount to 00 per cent of tho whole. Pennsylvania had a larger native popu lation, in spite of the great number of for eigners engaged In its Industries, than the manufacturing states of New England or than New York. In Rhode Island the native population was onlj 07 per cent of the total in 1010, In Massachusetts only 0H.." per cnt, in Connecticut only 70.4 ami In New York lifl.S, while in Pennsylvania 81.2 per cent were native born. In (leorglu, however, the natives amounted to 00.4 per cent nnd In Alabama to 0!.1 per cent. WHAT DOES A YOUNG MAN NEED TO KNOW? Mr. Edlson'a Tests of the Knowledge of Applicants for Employment Havo Disclosed an Interesting Condition THOMAS A. EDISON'S discovery of what ho culls the ignorance of college men Is not unique. He has been quizzing applicants for work. College men would doubtless find Mr. Edison lamentablj Ignorant of many things which they know. It is not likely that he could tell the name of the star quarterback of lust year. He may not know where Pennsylvania State College Is. If asked to tell whnt he knew about Apollonlus of Tann he might be com polled to admit that ho knew absolutely nothing. Vol Apollonius cut a considerable figure in his dn nnd has been the subject of bitter control ersy Involilng large groups of learned and deimtt persons. If asked to distinguish cetweeti Samuel Johnson nnd Hen .lonson lie might be stumped. So it goes. A western college professor has lately been bewailing In the Atlnntlc Monthly the Inmentnble Ignorance of his students. Some of them when asked what a Eeghorn was said it was n breed of cows. Others did not know where Yale Cnlverslty Is. And still others could not tell whether Itodlu was a painter or a musician. Another college professor with a llttl" broader vision hns replied to the indictment against the .students that it does not matter whether tho students are Ignorant about a lot of facts. Their knowledge varies with the surroundings in which they have grown up. A country boy would know the difference between T.eghnrns and Shorthorns and he would never think that breadfruit was a kind of wheat. Nor would he expect to see maple sugar growing on trees and he would not hope to get eggs from eggolant. Hut he would be absolutely ignorant of a multitude of fncts with which the city -bred boy is perfectly familiar. The average college does not pretend to touch anything about these things. It is occupied with f-omething much more Im portant. For the first two years th students are put through a course of intellectual gym nastics to burden the fibers of the mind und thus qunllfy them to beur the strain of the tasks which mut bo undertaken in life. For thy next two years it Is engnged in conducting a tour of exploration through the realm of knowledge under expert guides who do not pretend to hand out facts as mental food. They arc busy with intro ducing the students to literature, science nnd history nnd showing thorn the haunts of these fascinating subjects. Then they leave the students free to pursue the ac quaintance as either the mood or necessity Impels them. It has been well said that intelligence Is insensitive to a mere fact and thnt It reacts only to ideas. Tho purpose of education is primurily to stimulate reaction to ideas. They nrc the things which really matter. It is not facts but idenj that havo changed the course of history The idea of human brotherhood empha siztd in Sria two thousand yers ngo has done moro to affect the relations of men with one anotln r than all the facts about elfctriclty or stinni or coal that have been accumulated by patient and perslstmt In vestigators, 'riie application of the fncts has changed internals of human socletj , but the idea has put a new ninth e into human in tion. The idea of dirnocr.i. an outgrowth of the iden of human brotVrhood was npplied in this country In 177U, and the demonstra tion of what that idea could do started po litical movements in the rest of the world which have not yet stopped. It is much more important for a bi to understand what that idea was ami how it was deieloped than for him to know th names of the signers of the Declaration of Inilop. nucaee or the dnte of every battle .n the Heio'.utionarv war or the size of the armies or the names of the opjxwlng i.mi-luntider-i These things are In the book" nr.i! can ! r. adily learned if one has need for them. Tl.e; are a mere nintler of detail. Mr Edison's experiment suggests nn in quirj into what a man needs to know. It mnj bi undertaken by a qualified ii.vfsti gator some tin;-. Hut without !niestlgtlon it may b. .ild that he should know m.i.gh to do the work in which he is engaged If he knows more, that is surplusage, cm tributing his enjoyment of life and to his preparation for an old ago of lilsure. Mr Edison knows about elrctricity i.ml th law- tha govern its operation. Ho knows nls.it geologj and phjslcs. b'-t Ik '.. not aiq"ired this information for the mere sntisfin tion of his intellectual curiosity It is part of hi business to have it, ft r tie applies the information to his business m one av or another every day. He ran be lgtciran of the Identity of Keats and She;, lei nr.d Shakespeare and John Hampden ai.il Martin Luther and Plato wlthm.' in uuy iii I. --cuing his ability to earn on his ex) oriim nrs or to mnnufacture the machines which he has Invented. Indeed, he has virtual',., kdnuftod thnt tho ignorance of the college men appliing f. .r tork with him is not of great sigiiUicni.ee, for he hns said : "You take ,i to'.nii man of twenty tvo, anil if ho Is Intelligent he ( un do at, thing " Intelligence, h' would admit, does not consist In knowing how Cleopatra tiled, but in the abilit to find out anj thing which It is m-ecssar) to know That's where a sound college education helps. EFFICIENCY IN MINIATURE T FIND," salt! Tin Man With he Hbin J. Tie, whoss impromptu dissertation on present-dny psychology certainly K worthy of tho space given it here, "thnt drudgery irks me least in the morning. I manage to get to my desk by nine. Not long ago I tool; an early tram because I wanted to pro cure u few small articles m comfort n friend of mine who was laid up in a hospital und waiting for them. I knew tho shop where thrKe things were to be had It Isn't far from Chestnut street nnd ordlnurlly It hns n look of bright ellicleucj. Indeed, It boasts of its up-to-dnti ness, the lariety of Its stocks arid Its ongerness to oblige, "The doors were still closed whn 1 ar riiod there. Tho opening hour was nine. A lot of folk were waiting impatiently out side. At the stroko of nine the portal swung open and the little crowd trooped In It was clear, after a first look around, that thnt shop would not be going normally for an hour or so. Few attendants were be hind the counters. A sleepy -eyed boy, hired, I perceived, to dust and run errands, tried manfully to get me whut I wanted. He groped and fumbled helplessly, tlough EVENING PUBLIC LEDGEBr-PHItADELPHIA, we both knew thnt the Btuff I wanted was somewhere within arm's reach. The young men and women began straying In nnd oil of them looked drowsy nnd bored. The girl who could have sent me on my way re Jolclng did not arrive until about 0:15, Hy that tlmo I hnd become impatient. 'Per hnps,' said I to the boy, 'the manager of this department could tell us where the things arc.' " 'The manager?' said the boy jn aniaie ment. 'Ob, the manager will not bo in until 10 o'clock.' "Now, going down the street finnlly with my packages I couldn't help feeling thnt I had seen reflected In miniature n condition that iillllcts n very largo part of these United States nnd the answer to the controversy that rages In the field of Industry. Every body Is more or less disposed to lay down on the job, nnd since the boss is taking it as easy or easier than his men, there is no one to call the meeting to order. Times have been n little too flush to be nltogther healthy." fi ANOTHER VOLSTEAD MYSTERY IF HALF that is suggested in newspaper reports and rumors is true, one of the biggest scnndnls of the prohibition experi ment Is being kept under cover in the Fed eral Hulldlng at Ninth and Chestnut streets. The Immediate duty of the local enforce ment olHcc is to clear the nlr with n full and frank statement, to exonerate officials and men In the service or to set rumor nt rest by admitting and explaining nn ugly truth. It is pretty generally understood, largely because of guarded statements recently mndo by tho enforcement officials themselves, that large quantities of confiscated liquor have ben taken from the storage rooms of the postofllce building where It was placed under gunrd us evidence to bo presented nt future trials of those charged with violation of the dry laws. The news of the shake-up In the local enforcement organization just issued from Washington will naturally be asso ciated in the public mind with the per sistent reports of plundered whisky vaults. If the Federal Hulldlng was robbed, n great deal of evidence needed in pending liquor cases has vanished. Hut it hnppens that the corridors of tho Federal Hulldlng arc supposed to be guarded night nnd day. The ground-floor corridor is brightly lighted. Mr. Slonnhcr himself, by occa sional hints issued to the newspapers, has done more than any one else to encourage the suspicion of robbery and "an InRidc job" of considerable magnitude. If the prohibition enforcement system is hopelessly weak or hopelessly deficient, or If any of Its divisions are corrupt beyond remedy, the public ought to know about it. The days of governmental secrecy are past. The revenue officials have no more right to hold hack news of n significant chnracter than the officials of any other department have to conceal tho truth nbout importnnt public afTulrs. If the people uren't to be permitted to know nil the results of Vol stendism, how are they ever going to deal with the numerous complications that the 'dri laws have created? An explanation is overdue nt Ninth nnd Chestnut streets, und if it Is not obtainable there It ought to be wrung without further delay out of the prohibition office nt Washington. $800,000,000 FOR WASHINGTON? THE House In Washington continues to be in pleasant contrast with the Senate. The House has faith and It has imagina tion and the vision thnt often is a consoling substitute for temperateness of mind. Here, for example, is Mr. Focht, a rep resentative from Pennsylvania, clamoring for n federal appropriation of ?$00,000.000 to make the city of Washington "fnlrer to behold thnn nny city of the undent Nile, more imposing than Nineveh or Tyre." That Is optimism for you, Mr. Hlanton. of Texas, rising to remark thnt $S00,000.00O Is n lot of money, speaks a truth thnt cannot be doubted after mature consideration. The foil: in tho jnck-rnbblt country, Mr. Hlanton observed, would be shocked if it were to be spent to recreate Hnbylon In the heart of the Fnitod States, We agree with Mr. Hlanton, who objected shrilh to the Fucht plait. Wo agree with Mr. Foiht. who cried that S800.000.000 Is what lo'i might call small change In this fair land. The expenditure of that amount would no: ruin us. Hut Isn't Washington, in Its mental stnto at least, a little too much like Habvlon al ready? Why create a new Nineveh if you are to go on thinking In a manner calcu lated to insure Its fall? For ourtelvos, we should npproio u scheme for the appropriation of JMlo.OOO.OOti to Improve Washington If that money were to be -pont to improve the collet live mind of the House and tho Senate. PITTSBURGH DOES IT rpHF city of Pittsburgh, It appears, has JL surmounted the legal barriers to daylight saving. While it Is true that n law of 1SH7 established eastern standard time in this commonwealth, this statute does not prevent a municipality from turning Its own clocks nn hour forward during the season of long days. Such at least was the decision of the court, which refused to grant an injunction nullifying the Pittsburgh councllmnnlc or dinance. The point is of special interci.t to Phila delphia and hns been omphnslzed by Mr. Itnper in his advocacy of another daylight -saving venture b Council. The desired light economy may be attained by voluntary action of Individual citizens Tho simple expedient of bringing privately owned time pieces in conformity with the city clocks is all that would be required. There is not the sllghti st doubt that the majority of Phlladelphlnns favor the summer tin'! schedule. The power of encouraging this program Is in the hands of Council. It Is not too Into In the your, as Mr. Itoper points out. to perform this easv, Inexpensive act of public service. PIE EFFICIENCY A SIT r open sj it in an unless snoum oo, pn. lv tne lug wedge, i he campaign on be. hHlf of thi fabricated menu Is now vigor ously under nny with the stern program of standardization adopted In Chicago bj na tional pastry men. Pie in Oallup, Ariz , in to tate precisely the same us pie in Ilnn gor. Me. Tho assembling of parts, regulated to the subtlest fraction of crust overhnng or structural contents, will render posdble Identical Inunchlngs from ovens of the humblest hnmlets and most majestic cities of this republic. 3 Confusion resulting from pies cross -barred, open fared or covered Is to be checked In perpetuit.i . The reform will not, of course, stop wth this Impressive Imitation of Hog Island methods. Maryland chicken. Philadelphia pepper pot, Fulton Market dam chowder, New England boiled dinner, New Orleans gumbo, Virginia corn cukes -tin se are but n few of blll-of-fnre items Indicative of be wildering distinctions, rprohonyhlo Indi viduality and temperamental sectionalism, and In a land the synoiiin of which Is En ion Efficlei.cy experts uie loath to dwell on these facts. Fashions, railwiiTs, ships, time, are to some extent standardized. Should consideration of loathsomeness nnd the cursed personal equation justify the ex emption of food? Perish the thought nnd the dainties! Thnt one man should eat a better pie thnn his neighbor or should even differ In gastro nomic ambitions Is this not the rery nega tion of democracy? COLLEGE AND BEGGAR Pennsylvania's Standing on Higher Education Away Down the Llat. Solicitors of Alms Busy These Days A to Market Houses Hy OEOROIS NOX McCAIN PUOF. E. K. HIHSHMAN- lays this dried wreath on our Pennsylvania educational system. It Is In connection with the tiresome weeping nnd walling over the unprece dented extravagance for educational de velopment under the Flnognn system. In 1018 the great State of Pennsylvania appropriated Just nineteen cents per capita for the support of higher education, he tells inc. It ranks twenty-ninth In the United States In that respect. Nevada held the record of money given for this purpose. It spent $1.70 per head. Of course, the pullbncks will yell that Nevada Is a small State with a small popu lation. Itlglit 1 Hut how nbout California? It contributed eighty-three cents per cupitn. Ohio came through with forty cents nnd tho great state of Illinois with thirty-seven cenfs. Twice as much as Pennsylvania. Minnesota appropriated eighty-five cents, Oregon $1.10, Michigan slxty-slx cents and riotous West Virginia thirty-four cents. DU. EDWIN B. "SPARKS, now presi dent emeritus, pulled State College out of n rut, It wns languishing for lack of money and suffered from paucity of students and equip ment. Dr. George W. Atherton gave his Hfo to the work. He laid the foundations. Dr. Sparks, with Walton Mitchell and n board of tru&tces, all of thcin live wires, worked for years on the Job. They finnlly succeeded, but Dr. Sparks broke under the strain. I happen to know, for I've seen him under pressure nt intervals over since they called lilm nut of the West to head the college. Heitig it college president of the right kind Imposes more worries thau the presi dency of a great city bank. Especially if you have to go down on your knees every two years to n Legislature nnd big money to keep their Institution Kolng. Hy "their" I mean tho Legislature's, the people's college. It is the one educational institution owned nnd operated by the Com monwealth. Have you ever thought of that? It is the one great educational plant in Pennsylvania that hus no rich patrons, no prlvnte endowment and no tuition charge. FREDERICK RASMUSSEN, secretary of agriculture, wns one of its faculty. There are other big, nationally known men like Frenr and Armsby nnd a lot of others on Its staff. Its graduates, particularly In the engi neering sciences, ure scattered over the United States. Yet it has been only in the last fifteen years that it got going properly. Its school of clcctrlcnl engineering hns the finest equipment of any institution in the United States. State College cannot accommodate the ap plicants for admission. It's got an enroll ment now of 4L1I7 students. Twenty-live years ago, when I first lec tured before the student body, the old chapel accommodated all of them. iJurlng the last seven years 3500 students have been refused admission. Last fall nut of nearly 1800 applicants for the freshman class only 750 could be admitted, A PROMINENT "phTladelphian recently remarked on the rccrudosccuce of beg ging on the streets. In the course of a walk tho other day on one side of Market street, from Seventh to Thirteenth, I counted six mendicants. Thero was one to every blocjt. I did not notice how muny were working tho other side of the street. Possibly these persons are not classed ns beggars. Under our paternal clt ordinances they might be Identified as "peddlers." Throe of them, though, were beggars out and out. They made no pretense of holding two thumb-worn lead pencils as a raw camouflage. A fat, one-legged solicitor of alms held n lighted cigarette in one hand while with the other he shook some pennies In n dirty cup to nttract the attention of pnsscrsby. I bureaus, charities und police may declare to the contrary, there are more beggarn that's the word on the streets of this city today than have been seen here for years. Panhandling, too, is becoming a populur nuisance once more. Tho "Say, Ho, could you spare a nickel to git mo a cup n coffee?" citizen Is again lurking on the side streets. Always they light shy of tho big thor oughfares. They re too conspicuous for their purposes. Tho tons of thousands of the jobless may be urged in extenuation of this. It Is not an available excuse, however. The diameter of the "macers," their voice, manner nnd language nre evidence nbsolutc thut they are "regulars." Where's the police beggar (.quad, any how? GEOROE W. RICHARDS has been a market superintendent for a great many jears. Wednesdays nnd Katurdais. he tello n. are tho big retail market days. ' Twenty-five yenrs ngo e'verv dnv wns market day, though Wednesdays and Satur days were always overflow days. They're still overflow days in most of the smaller market houses. The curbs are then lined with furraers and the sidewalks nre pretty well ohtructed with the wares of gardeners und flower sellers. Old residents of West Philadelphia, in particular, recull when there wore farmers' stalls In operation every day at the Fortieth Street Market House, Not nil of them, to bo sure; but a fair proportion. Mr. Richards succinctly accounts for the chnngo from u quarter of a century ago. TN THOSE days the neighborhood store 1 wns simply a small grocery," he said "Tho extrnt of Its vegetable offerings werii potatoes and cabbage. "Today they carry all sorts of early southern nnd winter vegetables. They handle everything but sodn water and wear ing imparcl. "The gardeners and small farmers that formerly occupied inurket stalls four das a week nre gradually disappearing. "It is impossible for tiiem, with their home raised and hothouse vegetables to competo with southern growers In quality or price, "A market farmer cunnot rnulntnln a de livery bystem for two das a week ut a profit. "Just the same, the regular small retail neighborhood shops cannot supply such u fresh stock of farm products as the market house stalls on certain days. Tor that reason the fnrmers' market house will always be n public necessity." Phlladelphlans, who consume r0 000 pies dally, will be Interested in the news that the Horner treasure nnd ri,n..ti missii Assoc e has been ainnilardlzcij, the National Intlon of Pie Rakers, in convention in tnicago, iiiiYiuK uwiiit-n, iiuer gentle prod ding by the government In Washington, that some plc-bnkcrs were "getting tempern mental." A tempernmentnl plo-bnker (usually an alien of Hnlshevjst tendencies) In prone, we are told, to use substitutes for epgs, sugar nnd other necessary Ingredients. Henceforth, we nre assured, nothing but the real thing will find Its way Into the national mnw-llller. Up to this point we are ull for standardization. And happily stondardlza tion can go no further. We may still show our enthusiasm for the home ple-lmker whose temperament puts Individuality Into the pie she bakes; who fills it with sweetness that never cloys and gives the crust exactly the degree of "shortness" to titillate an eager palate. SATURDAY, MAY 7, (ESS NOW MY IDEA IS THIS Daily Talks With Thinking Philadelphia on Subjects They Know Best MISS MARGARET T. MAQUIRE On the Spiritual In the School mIIE three It's and tho materialistic con- X ceptlon of public education are doomed," believes Miss Margaret Maguiro, principal of McCall School, Sixth nnd Dc Lancey streets. "A few evenings ngo a group of business men were hoard to discuss the inadequacy of the school In achieving what they con sidered the world had a right to demand -from the schools in the way of training for life," she says. "Some of their statements were justified by the results which they were able to quote froni their experience In the business world. The general impression one gathered was that boys and girls prove themselves unwilling to mnke effort. If the work wns simple nnd the tusk obvious, it was performed in a rather spiritless man ner. When real difficulties presented them selves the voting people did not show initi ative and o'riglnnllty, they asserted. Hlame Traced to Home "The failure is not entirely to be attrib uted to the school. More than half of it is In the home. . "The modern American parents seem obsessed with the Idea of removing difiicul ties from tho pnth of children, demunding no understanding from them of the work nnd sucrlficc which nre necessary for the happy circumstances in which the children find themselves. Mothers overwork in per forming the duties of the home, while the boys nnd girls arc excused for any effort nlong these lines under the mistaken notion thnt this is kindness. ' "It Is a distinct deprivation to child de velopment If they arc not trained to see opportunities for service in tho home and made efficient in the performance of duties which such service entails. No single factor In child life is more 'significant than this thoughtful appreciation of obligation toward tho happiness of the home ns the common cause. It develops that part of child na ture which makes for personality in the future, and that Is his spirit. "It beems jto me thut both home ami school may be falling short because of their failure to catch all that is involved when children nre trained bo that tho results of the training 'carry oyer.' The actual existence of the spirit In children is only casually admitted by many educators nnd often Ignored by parents, unless perhaps they conceive their full duty to the training of the child's spiritual sldo is performed in church nnd Sunday school. "The Intelligent realization by the chil dren of their relation to the homocalling upon the deeper centers of their mind for appreciation of service and sacrifice by par ents causes a growth in spiritual life that has inestimable human values. New Ideal for America "If tbo new Ideal for America is to bo realUed that Is, making u good, wholesome, serene world for people to live in the de velopment of chlluren's emotlonul reactions must be definitely cared for, because the world grow better only us people learn to think and enjoy nlong ever higher and higher levels. The realization of the Alncri can Ideal is not to come to puss by knowing more facts about things, but rather through feeling moro deeply the satisfaction for what is rigtit and hatred for what Is wrong. "The will to do can be developed for children, through nppcal to their emotions. When ho developed it has a lnstlng quality which makes for effectiveness when the de mnnd comes, , "It Is Interesting to study modern edu cational methods and find tbot teachers nro sensing this need for the human touch and realizing that recitations may he so organ ized that children may be trained in de veloping keener understanding In humnn relations. The so-called socialized recita tion Is built upon this Idea. Instead of the old method In which the child answered merely for the sake of his own mark, the skillful teacher of today sets up the recltu tlou as the common cause of the class, and each fellow playsi his part. If this method of approach to the dally recitation Is per sisted In day after day, It Is fair to immune that children so trained will have a richer emotional nature and better understanding of tnclr"relatlnii to each other. "It Is only. In such fashion we can avoid the creed of self-interest upon which pre vious educational methods have been founded. It Is only In this way that the doctrine of man's brotherhood can be prac tically worked out, because the child has found for himself that it Is the better doc trine. "The dominant note in an effective per 102X OH, PLEASE BE A SPORT THIS M p ' I wd jyL ' $ tftf sonality is spirit. Why, then, do we spend so much time- discussing content in courses of study and so little time in finding the way to the deeper spiritual nature in chil dren? For two reasons: .Must Recognize Emotions "We have not yet realized in American education that the emotions play a very determining part in the final product of our educational system. "In the second place, we Americans have learned to bo satisfied with a very inade quate muss education which compels the missing out of many children because of the over-large classes that teachers are asked to handle. , "The school may be compared to a great crucible Into which Is poured the raw ma ti m, n ui(lcly varied class of boys and girls. There nrc not enough men and women to tend the furnace. There are too few to test the ingredients. Hence much thnt comes , our public school system Is no much Mn.?Tflt , oul' t0 build the rondbeds on which tho juggernnut of ignoruncc and blind mutcrlulism rolls on as it has rolled for ages past. "The hidden gold is still thero. but we have missed most of it. If it comes to the surface, oftentimes it is in spite of. rather than by virtue of, any ideal or practice pos sible In tho average school. "Fortunately, wo have passed the day wl"'n n Practical education could define Itself. A practical education used to he the Three R s, with enough of the spiritual thrown In to make girls run from thunder storms nnd keep boya awny from grnvo yards nt night. "The materialist who wants to hold down the future of America's children with tho chains of his own limitations simply does not belong In the new scheme of things. The great common cause is the right of hu manity to .happiness : the right to grow tin normally, well fed, well clothed, hhnrlng In tho Inughter of the sun and the cheer of u "ome that Is fit to live nnd love In. To this common cause home und school are together committed. The most casual glance back over the last six years will re veal what the materialists have done for civilization. Supposing the real spiritual coders had had the ghost of n chance it, their nntions councils, would there havo been this endless smcur of blood across tho pages of history?" ' What Do You Knoto? QUIZ 1. "Where and what is Carcassonne? 2. What Is bronze? 3. Why la It so called? 4. What Is meant by "the deflcent to Aver- C. How many provinces are there In tho Philippine archipelago? ,n C. Where Is William and Mary Colleire sit uated? 7. Wliat are Wellingtons? 8. Who was John M. Synge? 5. Of what Is brnss composed? 10. What is the capital of North Dakota.? Aniwero to Yesterday's Quiz 1. A half-nelson in ft hold In wrestling In which one arm In thrust under the cor-responding- arm of the opponent, jrrntl. unlly from behind, and the hand placed upon tho back of his neck. 2. Cabotago Is navigation nlong a const coasting pllotnge, coasting trade, ' 3. Ancient Babylon was situated on tho Euphrates. 4. The battle of Austerlltz In which Nnpo- leon and tho French army defeated tho Russians and Auotrlans occirrmi December Z, 180&, " A coppice Is a thicket or grovo composed other purposen on ft short rotation A Host Inn Is u form of rhymed or un. rhymed poem with six stanzas of alx Ints and flnnl triplet, each etanav having the wmo words as thn othnrn ending Un lines, but In dlffuront order W. M. Thackeray wrote the nvel ''He'nry Esmond." '"' "Tho Honnle Illue Flag" waa tho prln clpal patriotic song of the Southern Confederacy " Tophet was the place In the valley of Hlnnom, near Jerusalem, used for Idolatrous worship and Inter for de posit nr refuse, for consumption of which rtrea were kept burning. Tophet tUllfl utur. f. II..1.H..... . r."SS 10. ...... ..... .. .,..,,. uinc tor lieu. Aegis was the name of tho shield of Zeus or Athene In ancient (lreece. The word Is also a metaphor for protection or Impregnable defense. ONCE! SHORT CUTS Well, If nobody else will pluy at Matter and Jefferson streets, members of Council may. Many n guy gets the reputation of being a sphinx simply because he doesn't know what to say. May tho movement against the "per petual contract" be characterized ns "per petual motion"? The Hlbulous One complains thnt the prohibition shake-up is a poor substitute for a cocktail mixer. Rnndlts may eventually come to the conclusion thut these taxlcab drivers tie good guys to let alone. Tho airplane was twenty-five yean old yesterday, and "Lnnglcy's Folly," llviDf after him, gives glory to his memory. When Senator McCumbcr grow s pessi mistic over the emergency tariff bill, ndro catcs of a sales tax perk up and take notice. The Allies declare that Ocrmany must say "Yes" before Mny 1U, but our own Qutzcdltor opines that they will be satisfied with "Ja." Let us forbear criticism long enoujh to admit that In the matter of plebiscites the ficrmans can, ns It were, bcis opposite as the Poles. And there are still pessimists in plenty who believe that after (icrmany has prom ised to pay she will think up an excuse for breaking her promise. Thnt young Chicago man who had cards printed announcing the birth of u little son anil then became tlie father of girl twins ha lost faith In the hunch. London was fooled, says a dispatch from across the water, Into thu belief that Harry Thaw was in town. Hut why, we pause to Inquire, why the cxclteiucut) If ijvcry voter were n member of i working political organization It wouw really be of little Importance whether the convention or the primary system obtained. Ho would receive the adequate represents tion his indifference now denies htm. There has been found In n New York saloon n telephone booth equipped with spigot. After a dollar has been chunked for n nickel nnd nn empty glass, "Hello brings hooch. The liquid tones have now boon dried un by prohibition ugents, who forced the white-aproned central to ring off. Sixteen girlish lean protruding throuh tha curtulnflof nn auto traveling forty-five miles an hour through a Chicago subotb caused the arrest of the driver for violation of tho speed laws and indecent exposure. Thnt the legs wore papier-mache hnslerj forms seems to show that the authorities hadn't u leg to stand on in the mutter ot the second charge. A sixteen-year-old Chicago boy uooi.i.sl of tho larcouy of $772,000 in Llborty Hondi has been freed by n jury, which declared that ho was "bond-drunk and dldii t know whnt ho was doing," Thero Is nothing i" the law of the land to justify such a ler diet, but it may be,' taking Into account tne youth of tho accused, that It is not wuolij devoid of common sense. Fronch scientists who arc grieving f"r tho numerousneas of the grnphouiiiiilnc l.c who Is "k prey to an Irresistible passion to wrltu" should exult over rather thnn nr plore the fact that there are so many of lin, John Lewis Rogct a few generations bac drew attention to the truth that words iw' only explained Ideas, but also guvei birth " them. Why should wise men sorrow i cause so many In a thoughtless world bring Into operation by phllologlc moons a bene fielnl excrcitatlnn of the intellect? Let brothers, sisters, husbands, chunrn. t cetera, et cetern, Their buttonhole bouquets display And give the world a cheer. Let trumpets sound and beat the drums, ei cetera, et cetera. Tomorrow Is the glorious day Wo honor mother dear. Dear mother, high In church nnd court ' cetera", et cetera, Throughout the country has her wuy And finds no moment dull. . In politics, finance and Bport, et cetera, cetera, Ah. Mother'a Day Is every day And every day is full, etc., etc., etc. M 17jfr fst
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers