ptf&i'&JF ix ' , -v' ui ik -'' 4"" ".i.-''-sT'r ' ivrgr :j7T'r-5'r vPIiT"!"' r: ,T is .BI ' k m$ n i Fi'Sfr r .rii'.iriui f nF kl vJf'V if f!.1 J I k s .j: i r ..-' 3 I 1M h lU' ( r. ! . ., I i'1 i i t t M ( J , ' i ! n ft v1-: y iaiening !ubltcllfe&gcr PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY crocs ir. k. cuimg, pkijibikt lUrtln, trrrurr nd Triiur-ri Philip Chartrs It, laidlnslon, Vlco rrwIJenti John C. Collltu. onn wnmvmt, jonn j, Bpurxeon, Dlrtatof . on, EDtTOMAk HOArtDl Ctiui II. K. Cchtis, Chairman taAvin a. hmii.bt. .Editor .ffOim C. MAimK Central lluMnm Mnr Publlah6 dully at PcuMO I,edoe BuUdlnf Imltixntf ncs Uquarc, PhllaritlphU Atubtio Citi rrtts-Vnton IlulWInt Ni ToK sOl Jlallton Ave. Dtoit 701 roni UulUlrg Br. Locu am Olotr-IVtitotretf riullillne Cntotoo 1302 Trl&unJ BuUdlr, . N1JWS D1T.EAU3' tThiiikoto:! tlcurji', ... N. 11 Cot. rnnjr!atiU At ar Uth Ft Jvr Tokk llitriu Tin Svn Hullillnif Iohdom KnBp LonJm Tlm'it 8LDEcnirrioN tbrms The ErBStxo 1'fnLio Litkukii U rvrd to iub hcrlberr lit Philadelphia and aurrouidlnc town) t th rat" of twtlta (12) cents par week, parabl to ths carrlr. Br tnalt tr points outalJs o( Flillrdrlphla. In the United StaW. Canada, or United !Stt pot easlona, poatazo free, fitly (CO) rents per month, Six (SO) dolli ra per or paab!e In adtance. To all for litn countries on (lit dollar a. month. .loricr Subacrlbers wlshlne nddre chanted tauit slve old as well as new address. WELt. 3000 TTAtAtT Kn STONE. MAIN J0O0 a' Addrtaa all rontmunlcarlons to Vvtning Tubllo htigtr, Indry-nitcitcf Square, t'Mlatirkihla Member of the Associated Prcsa THE ABSOCrATZn PRES7 txeUalvtUj tn titled to the u for rrpublicatlm cf all neus dlptteies eredltfil to t ir tint otrrnlis rrrdited in IMs patxr, and alio th9 lval news publtjliej therein. ill rtuht$ t republication o? tpeoffll ttlepatcftts Iksreln ore nlio rfj'rcrl. rhllidflphli. MonJiy, Ifbtuarr 7, 1931 THE NEW CUBISM SIGNIFICANT news comes from the Venn syhanin Acntlrmy of tlie FJne Arts, vrhere, ot the opcuine of tlie gri'tit annual exhibition, It tins born found that the cublstt, the vorllclsts anil nil the other boNhrrltts of the world of art h.ivo cither reformed or Btopped work They were folk who dis dained form in nninttnir They were laws onto themselves. Only they knew tthat their pictures were about or what the) were driv inc at, Tliere is drawing In almost every picture now xhonn for the first time at tlie Academy. Tlie violent munta that ndllcted the studios for a number of years has passed. Where has it gone? Wo think we l.now. The news from Geneva, the Italians, 1'aris and points foiuIi and east indicates pretty clearly that the plasties of cubism and the intellectual distemper that begot vor ticism in the arts are new atliictions of a considerable group of European diplomatists. No one can tell what these gentlemen are driving at even in the days of their craziest activity. And there is a growing general eiinplcion that they themselves do not know, either. POLITICS REALLY MATTERS PEOPLE in this rountrt nrc hardened to tales of political mrruptiou seriously in volving municipal police Hut a community like Erie, in which tlie police hae virtually ceased functioning becau-o of the Influence of corruptionlsts gone half mad. is still an nrresting spectach . It is not often that the state police hate to be called to ant Ameri can city to deal with lawlessness created not by petty criminals, but by the elected author ities themselves. If rumors mean un thing, the police scandal that is about to break in New York may startle eten Hroadv.ii and H population that long ago surrendered itself to Tammany, Tho damage that nn unbridled gang hos done to Eric cannot be measured And the gang was put in power by the toters Sooner or later voters In American cities will learn through bitter experience thot politics is not a business that can be left wholly in the hands of the bosses : that it is something which intimately and constantly afreets eveTy one's life, everv one's home, Fvery one's pocketbook ami every one's children. Take a good long look at Erie if jou wish to fully understand the nature f the fores that Mayor Moore is lighting in Philadel phia. The ideal Philadelphia ns it is visloned by some of the powerful cliiiuea Would be u city very much like Erie. STONY ROADS TO PEACE IF THE world conference for disarmament which Mr Harding is said to b" pre paring for can lead to u flat statement of aims by all the existing powers; if th various governments nre willing to na.t jut what they nro Peking to obtain out of the present international confusion it is con ceivable that constructive work in the in terest of fixed pence migljt be taken up where it was dropped nt Paris So long ns foreign ollices continue secretly tn plot and intrigue and foment new hatreds, statesmen talking nmiiihlt in tlie open will get nowhere. There is too much ividence to FUggest that foreign diplomatists lutte ex perienced no change of heart The) have need to cut down military expenditures be cause their peoples ore tncd beyond endur mice nnd are In no mood to see the orgy of militarism long continued The Japanese s.i) through one group of ripokesmen that they desire friundh relations nnd even an allium e with 'the 1'nited Stan s Another group of Japanese statesmen is JVnnkly seeking to diituib a sttem of inland rule in the South 1'acifii established ht the T'nlted States solelj with a tlew of p a e and inr own natlonnl snfett In miint of the ountries that are now lam iring for u dis l rinameiit agrienicnt panHeis ot this odd . 'tuation mat ensih be true".! It fore e tan stop building ships wo nmt know just stho is who and what Is w ha: among the hpokesmen for the powers TAFT ON THE RAILWAYS AS CHA1HM.W ot the Wur Labor Hoard former l'.esideiit Taft jnurmvd nil nbotit the country to sit in at conferences liettteen iniploters nnd their employes He ) adn close vuw of the mechanism of trades unionism lie saw the places win re fuetion develops the heat that tlniillv mnki s dni ".rous spnrks And lie learned more nbmt otv tlie other half lites thnn Pro-idfhts nnd x-1'rcsldents usually know It Is not surprising to find in I is disi i lion of the fresh difficulties of tin- ruilrond n frunk nnd dire, t approach to the roots of a problem which most people nn oine of he union tinders nnd the raiiwnt adminis trators still tiew onl) nt the surfnie And t was to lie ixpnted that lie would be tlie f'rst to call the spokesmen for the roids to Ime for what appears t he a violation of the rules of fair pint in the piescnt negotia tions relntite to wage reductions Mr. Tnft ohwoiis!) is thinking toward eruiKiient peace on the roads. Ir is for ..nt reason that the effort to have the Kail ny Labor Hoard authorise n gem nil wage decrease without taking time for the full review of the question protidnl for in the I rbltrntlon clauses of tlie Esch-l'mninins law appears to him unwise, even though the allway corporations are now operating in Many Instances at a loss. It must lie ro uembercd in this instnuce that the Itnilwnj T.nbqr Hoard is in a wn.t ver.t much like tlie Kupreme Court of the I'nlted States Its thief function is to review testimont. not to try cases; to rentier judgment according to testimony nnd evidence previously gathered nd clarified in lesser tribunals It wns VStablUhed as a board of review to act only Jp emergencies nnd upon information ob tained in Inquiries and survey by regional loards nnd conferences in which employes t fl well as employers would be permitted to fcrguo nnd present evidence. Th plan of which tho Railway Lnbor Jlnartl Is a part unquestionably tended to J'ssen tho influence of the lnbor unions, and v,, ,vptnh1e to thm onlt because. Ir JL.-icd UU a Kuainutuc o itads lieurla4 aiic railroads, however, hae gone direct to the high tribunal with their requests. They seek to justify this informal procedure by describing n state of affairs that really re quires quick action. Meanwhile, however, railway workers nre given fresh causes for complaint and fresh grounds for the sus picion that the machinery of federal arbi tration may be used to their disndtantage. It Is pretty certain that wage reductions ordered by n federal board which has had no detailed evidence presented to It would cause III feeling and bitterness nmong the railroad men. New i.trlkcs would probably result. Even though wngo readjustments may be needed and even though the plight tof the railroads Is obviously very serious and trying, authority such ns the managers now seek from the federal board should bo granted only nftcr the regional surveys nnd reports, which were outlined and otdered by the new railway net as the vory foundation of a scheme of arbitration Intended to leave initiative and responsibility with the gov ernment rather than with th unions or the railway owners. WHO CARES WHAT SORT OF A COURTHOUSE IS BUILT? The People Who Must Pay for It Seem to Be Indifferent to tho Cost of the Projected Structure IF PUESENT plans for a municipal court house carry there will be no sarcasm In the tone of the people who ask the Claude Melnotte of the court, "Is this thy palace by tho I.nke of Como where the perfumed lights glenm through the mists of alabaster lamps nnd all the air is heavy w ith the sigh of orange groves?" Tho Pauline Deschapelles of the time will ho escorted through a palace which will rival in magnificence the building that sheltered Schoherczade nnd surpass the lordly pleasure house of Kubln Khan which Coleridge saw in a dream. Its corridors will be lined with pillars of onyx nnd paved with tessellations of topaz nnd chalcedony. The tribunals behind which the Judges sit will be made of jasper, jacinth nnd Jade. On each will rest n gnvel of ivory carved in symbolic patterns, with a car buncle ns large as u chestnut set in the rose wood handle. A canopy of rare lace and rilk will be suspended over tho chair, beside which will rest a cuspidor of chrywiprase holding down a silken rug wrought by the cunning fingers of Oriental women. The windows will be Btained glass that will rival the work of the medieval artificers who filled the openings of the cathedrals with jewels of brilliant color which transformed tho light of common day Into a riot of rainbow radi ances. Those who may by chnnce be ad mitted to the sacred precincts of the private rooms of the judges will find the desks made of the petrified woods of Arizona, and the electric lights shining, not through the mists of alabaster lamps, but through shades of amethyst. The push-buttons will be of sardonyx nnd the .fireplaces will be decorated with mantles of agate Inlaid with chrysolite. Concealed behind elaborately carved ebony screens will be groups of trained tipstaves playing gentle airs on the dulcimer nnd tho sackbut. And in the courtyards lush foun tains will spray perfumed waters, the fra grance from which will be forced by golden fans Into the courtrooms and throughout tho connecting corridors. This is not a. mere fancy picture. It is nothing more thnn a forecast of what the city commissioners may do under the present arrangements if they choose. They arc au thorized by law to provide quarters for the court and to collect the cost of it from the city. There Is no restriction upon the amount which they may spend. If the city does not appropriate the money the city commissioners may sue for it in the courts. No plans for tho courthouse have been filed with the city authorities. There is no othoial estimate of the size or cost of the building and no detniled Information of any hinu is available to the appropriating power. Yet the Council has made a prcllminnrv appropriation of ?1,000,000 "towurd tho construction of building or buildings for the juvenile and domestic relations nnd other branches of the Municipal Court." That Is, it has voted to turn over to the city com missioners this money to spend in any way they sco fit "toward" the construction of the courthouse If the Council wished to exercise on) supervision over the project it could oasift refuse appropriations until n specific and definite plan had been submittal nnd until tho part of that plan that was to be carried out by the preliminary appropriation was designated and nn nrchitect'H estimate of the cost was provided. Hut no The Council has not thought proper to do anything of this kind. It has apparently decided to give to the Municipal Court evert tiling that It asks for, from salaries for useless utt ndnnts to a magnificent palace so elaborntely constructed nnd fitted out that it will make arraignment in it a privilege tn bo sought by the unfor tunates who live a drab nnd uninteresting life. If crime is to bo mnde attractive and misdemeanor a mellifluous symphony, those responsible for the project are going the right ttu) about it. The Mavor, however, is a sort of an artistic and sociological Philistine He does not believe in appropriating several hun dred thousand dollars for superfluous pro bation officers and lie reduced the sums set aside to p.i) the gentlemen of leisure nt tai lied to the court. Hut the Council oter rod" his teto. If lie persists In his Philistinism he will veto the million-dollar appropriation for the courthouse, not because it is not desirable thnt proper quarters should be provided for the court, but beciuse of his sense of re sponsibility for the protection of the money of the taxpayers. IIo knows thnt the hard working men nn-i women do not wish to b compellid to pay for a structure so ornnte nnd txpensive thnt It will make the shades of tin undent despots who '.n.t (bailee upon the scene wonder at their own moderation in forcinr their slaves to build less splendldlt for thcmehes These shades ntlfltlng the glimpses of the moon may wonder who the slnves of the present ln) nre that they will ia wining to ijuuii sucn monuments ot lux ury for a petty court Certainly they cannot be free men or they would protest agalnt this wnstiug of their substance. Hut there never was un uprising of slavis without a leader. The .Municipal Court project, which has been discussed in the newspapers for mnny months, has not jet stirred any considerable body of men to pro test The people si em to bo Indifferent They were indifferent when the Council lg nored the protest of the Major against ap propriating money to p.iy 1'j.j more coutt attaches than were needed 1'nless they lime discovered that thero is a plot on fo.,t to exploit them for the benefit of men who makp a business of polities, nnd unless such exploitation makes them indlgnnnt, tlie Mayor will have to carry on his iight almost alone So lndlffennt nre the people that no effort thus far has been mndo to regulnte the np pointnient of attaches of tlie court and to limit their number. And the Council, whlth can limit tlie number by limiting tlie appro prlation, has shown no disposition to do o. The law ought to be amended so that the taxpajers ma) be protictid against the griitificotion of the greed for pntronage It ought nlso to be amended so as to nut the control oter the erection of nil buildings for which the people hate to pav in the hands of the resiHinsible city authorities; that is, in tho control of the Department of Public Works Then there could be proper super vision of nil expenditures t- snf x stein is w ,r' r - il the eld sha ol u lujuinniiioa lot LuiiOiu EVENING PUBLIC - tLEDGER n; v iiy Hull worked. The commission made Its otyn plans and had the power to decide how much money it would spend, nnd the money hnd to be appropriated. As a result the City Hall cost ?27,000,000. We have profited as little by the teachings of the pust as Bclshazzar did. When the heart of Nebuchadnezzar was lifted up nnd his mind hardened In pride, he wns deposed from his kingly throne nnd they took his glory from him. And Daniel had to say to his win, "And thou, O Hclshazznr, hast not humbled thine heart, though thou knowest all this " And that night wns Hclshazznr, tho king ot the Chaldeans, slain Uetrlbutlon will come, ns it has come to men in this city In the past. The patience of the people cnu be abused Just so far. Then n leader nppears and vengeance is organised and visited upon the bonds of the offenders. If it is Impossible to block the plans to carry through tho courthouse project, the day of reckoning will be brought that much nearer CIVIC CHARM AND PROGRESS IN ITS longing for what has been described as "a new nnd classic home" upon tho Parkway, the most nnclcnt scientific organi zation In tho United States, the Amerlcnn Philosophical Society, rejects with the most modern celerity the claims of tradition, local color nnd sentiment. There Is something to be said for this attitude. If tho proposal to exchange the old site for the new one is accepted by the city, dcsirnblo security will be obtained for n treasury of precious relics nnd documents. Efficiency systems nnd nil tho delights of cross-indexing and doublc-cntr.t cataloguing ma) flourish nmld sanitary, weil-llgnted, conventionally comfortable surnuindings. The Parkway will be adorned by another stately monument. The structure will bespeak progress nnd the development of the civic center Idea The Mayor is s)mpathctlc to tho project nnd favors the razing of the society's present home in Independence Square, that th greater glory of the State House group bo unshadowed nnd Its safety enhanced. Them is much to be said for this view nlso. Hnron Iinussmnnn, smashing right and left through the winding, narrow streets of Paris, ranks ns the ideal exponent of for malized metropolitan splendors. The modernized sections of the French capital arc of geometric beauty. Vistas are nlcel) calculated. The blend of art and logic Is Impeccable. Tho work' was so well done that metropolitan magnificence Is ac cepted ns compensation for the departure of "atmosphere," of visible historic nssocla tlons, of that charm which is seasoned by chance and nge, by elusive subtleties nnd the indefinable enrichments of unconscious art. The French ovcel in beauty by (int. Their gift in this direction Is seen also In Wash ington. In London is another story by an other race Philndclphinns of nverage per ceptions seldom feel homeless in the British capital. The haphazard quaintness, tho sub jective appeal of shrines, perhnps In them selves unbenutiful jet mellowed by time and hallowed by memorial meaning, is easily recognisable. Analogies to certain parts of Philadelphia, usuallj not those of which one is wont to boast, are strikingly evident. Whr..ever of picturesquencss nnd charm this clt) contains, on (iermnntown ntenuc. the eastern end of I'inc street, in the Christ Church neighborhood nnd Independence Square to mention only a few of the flavor ful districtsIs the result not of council manic appropriations, of grandiose architec tural mandates nor the lubors of spokesmen of the city beautiful, but of the distinctive spirit of the place nnd people, n thing ns in describable ns it is potent. City governments have struggled bnrd to combat this influence. It wns thought best to uproot the Letitin street residence of l'enn nnd to transplant it to n knoll in Fuir mount Park, where its original appeal is grasped only with tho greatest difficulty. The house in which the Declaration of In dependence was written has long since van ished. Mnnsion uftcr mansion, not nrtlsti- call) perfect but gracious, winning, char acteristic, has disappeared. And while it is absurd and useless to lament the march of progress, it is worth inquiring whether, for nil the ambitious planners. Philadelphia can ever completely imitate the Parises and Washington? Tho reasons which c.in be adduced for re moving the present graceful l.n.l-e.ir-old building where the 1'hilosophicnl Six lety now abides have undoubted tnlidit). It is the mental attitude behind the project which is questionable If the ideal is n city of vistas, the Pennsjlvnnin Hospital a true bit of Georgian London must go. The Parkway is admirably located Tlie historic and ntmosphcrie sneritices tntnilcd in the construction of thnt splendid thor oughfnre were fortunately slight Hut since nothing short of nlmost total destruction can mnke possible n Philadel phia on the Parisian model, it is assuredly worth while to consider what the town does possess of distinctive character nnd ingra tinting attraction Detroit nnd Cleveland nnd New York, n city not almost devoid of imagltite reactions, can show us cloud -cnttped towers, s.tmbollc of Amuknii industrial, commercial, financial progress in high-powered development. Philadelphia is proud of its achletements nlotig similar lines. Its citizenry justly re sents the imputation of retrogression and iiidlfferim e to the claims of elnekncy, nnd the charge is baseless Hut in its external aspects the eitt has a definite and persuasive meaning, which torn plientes the deXinitinn of b"nut). The pres ervation of this spirit, especially when the propriety of destroying teneruhle nnd pic turosr.ue structures is urged, it, n problem which i.iust cut concern Philndclphinns who lovf. the town for the garb she wears so well-in ti word, for what sin- so emphuti cn'.'t " NEWS OUT OF RUSSIA rpHE difficulty of gutting autfmith mfor X inatlon from Russia is so great thnt prudent pi rsons are suspending Judgment on i , irtthing save the general (onditions known to prevail there. The specific report thst c mios one week Is likely to be denied the next and something very diffi rent is llkelj to b telegraphed the week after i'or example, on what semis so simple n matter as the question of the life or death of a mnn v ith a wide reputation it does not fern to be possible to get the truth. Last week the news from Moscow bt way of Lon don was that Prince Kropotltin who hud gon back to Russia ufter the retolutlon, was dead Obituaries were printed and nn ffort was made tn appraise the career of the man Hut in less than n week another dispatch wus received bj wireless In London an nouncing that the prince is serlousl) ill nnd that little hope of his recovery Is enter tained Now, if tlie uniinl thing hnprns we lire likely to bear next week thnt Kropotltin Is in Ids usual health and thnt, Although he is a tery old man. he is likely to live for a long t'.n.e Under the circumstances no one has be lieved the widely -clrrulr.tid lepoit thnt Lcniufl died some time ago nnd thnt another mnn Ik acting in Ills place. And the icport that he Is not neiiu, out raeroi) crltlcallj ill, is recelted with iilmilnr incredulitt All that we know with any certmntv is that bolshevism is breaking down, nnd this Is known not because nn) one believes tlie specific reports from the countr) in which Its experiment in making, but hecause in tlie naturo of tilings it cannot sues ceil It will run its course nnd lie dlsplucecl bj something ele TIow does it feel to have a million dol j 1 r to sneiid nnv wnv ton olm ' i n ' - i tu"" lsu. - BHILABELPHIA, MONDAY, FEBRUAllY 7, . AS ONE WOMAN SEES IT The Citizenship We Do Not Always Altogether Appreciate at It True Worth Suggests a Reading of Some of Our Laws Iiy SARAH I). LOWKIE I RELIEVE we can be as much surprised by ourselves as by other folks. The un expected acts of nnger wo sometimes exhibit, the sudden waves of feeling against or for something probably do not astonish the by btnudcrs any more than they do us. I once mine out of n political scienco meeting at tho Ucllcvuo-Strntford several years ngo to find one of tho casual, Invited guests selling printed photographs in the lobby of the ballroom. Tho photographs were portraits of a man who had been con vlctcd nnd Imprisoned on the chnrgo of treason. Ho niRv or mny not have been guilty: What suddenly swept over me was nngcr nt the seller's use, without permission of her hosts, of their meeting to work in her propa ganda for nny public cause not directly au thorized by them ns their cause. It was smart, if you like, but unscrupulous. It wns vthnt n woman once did nt an ' nfter noon nt home" of n hostess I know. In tho course of conversation with the other guests she distributed to each her business card as an agent for n business llrni of the clt), saying n few woids to each fellow guest in turn nbout the obvious advantages o deal ing through her. I WAS reading the oath of allegiuncc ie quired of n new citizen of the United States last night nnd It occurred to me thnt it would bo well If each citizen on coining of nge, whether he Is nntive born or alien, should take such nn oath before appointed witnesses In order to register to nls own mind ns well ns to his limited public the fact that he understands the obligations as well ns the privileges of being included In tho great membership of citizens. In the cttFO of the woman who sold photo graphs In the lobby of the political science conference nnd in the case of tho woman who gave out business cards nt an afternoon ten, ignorance of the obligations of u guest could not be pleaded! they were both Ignor ing the fundamentals of the usages of hos pitality with n thick-skinncdness born of egotism; but ninny citizens who misuse their citizenship do It from Ignorance or, nt nny inte, from a lack of n sense of proportion ns to their rights ns individuals versus their rights as citizens. THERE are persons who believe that they are free to ignore or to flout the lawB of the community in which they find them selves Just us a group of college students feel they are free to break up a dull play. There nre certain types of boy or girl nt a ccrtnln stage of youthful effervescence who find tliemseltes irresistibly drawn to making n noise nt the back of n church during service, especially evening service. Thnt, I think, Is a lack of a sense of proportion which Is often due to inexperience; one hears it spoken of as Irresponsibility. It can be cured, ex cept In ps.tchopathic cases, by a dojc of re sponsibility. A DOSE of responsibility in citizenship is tery curative of certain forms of law lessness, just ns becoming emplo)crs gen eiallv turns radical employe into liberal minded ones. Taking the course of preparation for cit izenship demnndld of.nn alien as tho min imum required of n native-born citizen be fore lie becomes n voter, one has quite enough to ntnbill7e him both ns regards his pritileges and his obligations. The oath of nlleglnnce, which is the final test of tlie alien who becomes a citizen, is thus described by the law covering citizen bhip: "Petitioner shall, before ho is admitted to citizenship, declare on oath in open court thnt he will support the constitution of tlie United States and that ho absolutely and en tirely renounces and nbjures all allegiance nnd fidelity to nny foreign prince, potentate, state or sovereignty and pattieularly b) nnme to the state or sovereignty of which he wns before a citizen or subject; that lie will support nnd defend the constitution nud laws of the United States against nil enemies foreign nnd domestic, ntu bear true fuitli and nllegiance to the Fame." The preliininnr) steps toward naturaliza tion, i. c, acquiring citizenship, by aliens First. The Declaration of Intention : "Such declaration of intention shall set forth the uame. nge. occupation, personal desciiptlon, place of birth, lust foreign resi dence and allegiance nnd the dnte of arrival. "No witnesses nre required to first papers. "It is necessary that alien write his name in English to fitst papers." Second. Petition of Nnturalirntion : "Not less than two jears nor more thun seven tears after un alien has made such de( Ltrntlon of intention he shall make nud (tie in duplicate a petition in writing, signed b) the applicant in his own handwriting and duly verified b) at least two credible wit nesses wlio are citizens of tlie t nited htntes, and who shall state in their affidavits that t.... i.ntn .ersminllv known tlie nnnllcnnt to be n risldent of tho state for the period of one tear, nnd of the I'nlted States for a period of nt least the jears contlnupusl), and of the tcrritor.t , state or the District of Columbm immediately preceding the date of filing his petiton. and that they have per sonal knowledge that tlie petitioner is n per son of nood moral character and that lie is l n every way qualified in their opinion to be idinitted u citizen of tlie United States." nil Third. Hearings iieioro wic .saiuniuzu- "The second or find papers must be filed with the clerk of nny court in the distiict in which such nlicn resides ut the time he niukes his nppllcntlon. "Tho fee for second or flnnl pnpers is $1. "A petition for naturalization must be on file nt least ninety dnys prior to any hearing. ' The two original witnesses must bo used at the time of the final hearing. "It is best thnt the witnesses used should not lie In any way related to the petitioner and that they bate known the petitioner for a period of at least flip years, etc., und that they have been properly nati ralized. since a. defect in their own citizenship will vitinte the petition on which they nre witnesses." mi.. ..-itrlcfinns restraining tlie courts from grunting certificates of citizenship are as follows: ...... , , , "It shall not be lawful to mnke a declara tion of intention before the clerk of any court on election dny or during the period of thirty chits preceding tho day of holding nny elec tion And no certificates of naturalization shnli be issued by nny court thirty da.ts pre ceding the holding of nny general election within its territorial jurisdiction "No person who disbelieves in or who is onnosed to nrgunLcd government . r who Is a member of or nflil ated with i.ny orgunlyn tlon entertaining and teachinj such beliefs in opposition to organized fovernment or who advocates or teaches tin dut.v, neces .:... ...mn-letv of the unlawful assaulting or killing of nu) oilicer or officers, cither of Micclfic individuals or of officers generally, of the government bf the In ed Statexoi jf env organized govcii.ms.... - --- .. ..... official diameter or who is a pol.gainlst. sholl be nnturallzed or be niado a c.tUcn of the United States." These ure the laws of the country regard ine citizenship. H the citizens do not like them the) can chnnge them or they can for feit their citizenship. 'I hey cannot by any logical or moral plea disobey them. FEBRUARY GREAT men wishing to be born, Looking for a nntnl nioru. Would jou hnte us cclebtale Hotter choose some other date. Other months are long on dnjs, Short of men whom wo would praise, February brief can claim Washington's and Lincoln N fame. Oreat men wishing to he horu, Looking for a natal morn. February bids you go, Hangs the sign out "S. R 0 Mi'f.fiwlhiiitf Wit on i i , Hviuuu "N 'WWtiV 'WW -Li' .,., !',y.Ks,'..-S: -t-.1n.,r.ri--"''w u -r yvjtU-c- ....!2iJKEL i ViiH?' ait-a-1 .lj" ..-.-.' j .iti:.TU.tf..ii!' ,.uuhiiimiij ey.i iii . .vi- lt,i::nt :,tc,o:PT(r.. .-. -i ,, t " - ..-if I-r. : ' '' .jJ" NOW MY IDEA IS THIS Daily Talks With Thinking Philadclphians on Subjects They Know Best LT. COM. RALPH W. DEMPWOLF On the United States Merchant Marine THE advantages and opportunities for young men entering the United State, merchant- mnrlne nre erenter today and thn rnmence nnd call of the sea is just as. strong as It ever was, in the opinion Lieutenant Commander Ralph Vt . Deiup wolf, of the United States Coast Guard and commanding olhcer of the Penns)lvauia sclioolshlp Annnpolls. . The Importnnce of the merchant marine of the United States, apparent ns early as 1S70: the frenzied building of ships in the United Stntes durirg the world war and the necessitj for Americans lo mnn and officer these ships: the need for proper legislation und laws affecting both slillj" '' men nnd the endeavors that should do made to retnln the greatest fleet of mer chant ships thnt has ever flown the Aintri Pan flag is emphasized by Lieutenant Dcmp- "The opportunities for young men are greater todnt than ever before in the mer chant marine We have n fine fleet nnd ships cannot run without officers and crew. There are other ndt outages for young men with sen training Thet are in demand and useful In nlmost ever) line directly connected with shipping and the ineichant mar int. Graduates of the stote nautical schoolHliips arc eligible to appointment ns ensigns In the naval reserte without examination. lne are occup.ting inportniit and responsive positions with steamship companies, ship yards and in government and state nctitltlcs. Aliens Commanded Ships in War "During the wot id war vessels were built so fast that oiiicers. especially United Stntes citizens, were not numerous enopgh to sup plytUho demand. To meet this emergency tilien merchant officers were licensed to com mand nnd officer United States vessels These were called 'red ink' licences. Hits l.,.. ,. n .. jinlnilon of tlie mitigation laws of the United Stntes. but the broad scope of war authorit) permitted these aliens to officer our vessels. Steps nrc being taken to i evoke all such licenses and havo tlie placeH filled b) citl.ens "To insure a constant supply of officers for the merchant murine, various stntes. nnmclv. Massachusetts. New York, Penn sylvania nnd Washington. Iinve made ap propriations and operate and maintain stnto p-choolships. Young men, between seventeen nnd twenty yeurs of age, whose parents are citizens, ure eligible to (nter these schools and they receive n thorough training fur two tears in navigation, seamanship nnd engi neering, thus fitting them to become third officers or third assistant engineers. "The state of Penusjltnnia, through the personal efforts of the Cotcnior nnd tlie !n,-lrl!iie interests of Philadelphia, has re established the PeunK.tlvnnln nautical school ship. The U S. S Annapolis was turnei over to the stale on April 1. lil'-'O, and Is now in commission ami in unite operation ns a nautical school, with about sixty young men on board, who nre icceitlug distinction in navigation, seamanship, stenm engineer ing nnd other subjects, which will fit them to obtain licenses ns officeis The course of trniniug is two .tenrs. During this time ciulses are mnde to foielgn and domestic "Kviry encouragement should bo given voung inVn who desire to filntt the sen. Jit. advantages arc mnn). It is ns profitable) is ino other walks of life, and no more hazardous. Visiting foreign countries tends to broaden their tision of life and prepare them for tho fu'.ure. "The Pennsylvania nautlinl schoolship is under the supervision of the Hoard of Com missioners of Navigation in the Iiourse Hulldlng, Philadelphia. "Oct voting men hate not in tlie past been indifferent to tlie advantages of n sea faring life Tlie romance and call of the en Is Just as strong todnj us it lias luen in' thn paht. Mnny, if not nil, ot tho hard ships hate been eliminated, with tlie result that joung men can rise to an officer's bertn or command in a eoinpuriitltelj shnit time. "Our merchant mniine of today Is the largest and most valuable in tlie intire bis tort of our countr) . I ct us, by proper legislation and lutts nfleeting both ships nnd men, make eter.t endeutor to letuin our mag- nlflcent fleet oi iiierciiiiuiuieii. w o lieur a Kieat deal of tulk about foielgn competltloi that wo can't compete with foreign vessels I believe that If ( digress so desires nni 'iition would liecu in" novice, oi prnciicui steam ship men, t'Oino method of boliitlnti will lie found to keep our ships In operation. 1c might even require some drastic action, such us exporting Amerlcnn goods In Aiucrl-.-in shins. t"tiiin:c dues oi forelin vessel: 1 pr, uuaclbh, u-a.uil.uii u juhwjIs ftibjudj. 1921 , - NOW, DON'T OVERDO n:!ui, .-."',' to encourage American individuals, or com panies in operation of steamship lines. Profits in operation were enormous during the world war and such matters must be re adjusted along with other businesses. JLtrlno Linked Will) Prosperity "The status of the merchant murine is, In m.t opinion, the most vital of present-(lav affairs, hntli national and state. The pros perity of the country has nlwats been inti mately connected with the merchant ninriiie. t hen our shins urp busilv cngnged on tegu lar schedules, loading and discharging valu able cargoes to and from nil parts of the world, the country as a whole has been prosperous In a vast country like the I nited States, where production is grentet than the needs of our inhabitants, the only natural solution is in foreign commerce. We now hate the ships nnd n merchant mnrlne to handle our products. This condition of attain was brought about b) the world war. One has to go back only a few )ears when .the tessels of the Allies wire being'sunk so rapid!) bt the German submarines that the "'nnliig of the war looked most hopeless , 'I hen came the frenzied building of ships in the I nited States, Shiptards spuing tip along our coasts and even Inland, if thrv had suflic cut draft '.f water. Some of 'these tessels were built sc? rapidly thnt thet nre not seatvortht but the tiist majority of tlie vessels built for the shipping board and for private concerns are In excellent con dition and most of than have been sm -ccssfull) operntcd. Ships Must Not Lie Idle "I feel certain that Congress will not overlook our commercial opportunities l'v. cesslve cost of operation of American ships s being adjusted now; crews will accent lower wugts in the tame good spirit as ,n (.other trades and p. nf.Sslons.' The s lips built during the wnr cost a great deal h .-" j;vfryth i.b else. We must ma o tie best of it by using our merchant murine The longer we pencil our ships to be Idle and tied up the greater will be the loss "The world war ushered Into tho United Stntes unvt more than .".nO.OOO ,,. frn. all parts of the United Stntes. .'1' lose n were not cnlledh) draft but vol,,, cored for enlistment. After the armistice, nk , men were lelensu from the nntj. thet be came attache, to the merchant marine where the pay was better The iest.lt e ii large number of trained j citing men who have the lure of the sea and follow t e sea by preference L MU "To insure a successful men hunt mm mo good officers-both deck ,,d ,ZlJ"Hll? a necessity. The profits of un entire vojgn ran soon ho wined onf l- : ")K efficient I ,," "... " ,r"'" ' ."'"I 111- :.."... - "' " ,""1"' ''" it' is ma- toiitui.. What Do You Know? QUIJ Hint Is a mite When was the tattle 0; u,mf , , und who tveie tho bell Ic S"1"'' AVhnt Is n chamois' "'""-rents" HOW Should tlie Il.ltrifl l. ner. Who wns con..nnii,Ko.ins,pnou''"d" Canadian iirmv nm.u army run,. i. '., ' the IIUI ... e (.. .1 u'e in tho world Why Is a caboose on a lailu,,.. . . called.' latlwuy train ko What lu the significant of ts ...... niiuriiou ns applied politician'' Who was the Hoin.it hearth and home-" What is a palimpsest to .. AmrwieH goddess of the to wnat is me correct t'l-uguat ' pronunclii i on of Answers to Saturday's Qui2 Mangroves nre trcis and tti,r,,i ml and names of co. its & t!r"" iiverKreen leaves n(i , el) ' I'ey h,B The plants emit miiner, ui 'fi 'Wns loots, which ultimate h?,,;?'1 "fiU penetrable rnnss 'I h,,' A ;,i ' , ftn im times used for fuel, the l)ir'l H Rr"m" cine and the fruit Is ! ,. '," ,nt)H- Ulnrlass Is a form of rcl Ai"t,,f"111''' from some tresh-wnter nil. "'""hied sturs-nn r " especial!)- Mono; take.. Its memo from the ., MoTiet.v in whose tempi? itt1h?l,'f"rtJ"" colnnite was riade '" ""mo tlie A rumlnu.it animal Is one that chews Its A inandynus is a cmmoti law r n. , to enforc, ,0 p,,rolma , JNt hsiu,, Serrleil T-nnlm ... soldleis, shoulder to slioi,V.iP't','ul' K.i.u. in close formntlo ' 'ti w,,,,n' V. from the Piencl! ! 'Wrc "I1.1:.""" ,..""". '"Moi riwil.-s en,-,,,... . I.li' "'V T t 1 or pnsseel "U" A hoiipcon 1h n veil small om,.i. Tho word should lie proiioucn,iU?: Hquetv.ee 'SOU! All. G.UC9U..UII ,q . UOam ei. lAIOtftlUg. ii i; - IT!" i .teie SHORT CUTS It must bo admitted that Mr. Dawn piotided Marlar with a lively running mate So phenomenal is the weather that pari nuts are growing lonely for the squirrels. Tlie thieves who broke Into a defend, bank in Mollno, Fin., found a rift in tlie loot. It may be that the Armenian mnmlat would not go u-beggiug if Armenia had the oil wells of Mesopotamia. As nobody has jet suggested Mr, Hoovtr for the shipping Tio.ird, the nomination u here and now made. ( 'lent Hritaln's abandonment of the ei ce.ss profits tax is another indication that u hasn't a friend in the world. Viewing the art of politics fiom differ cut angles, the student may make the domi mint note in his picture cither Hrottn or Giev. The Utah State Senate has passed a bill prohibiting smoking in public places. We gather from this that the benators prefer chewing. Let it not be forgotten that Phlladel phia already possesses, in Washington Square, n monument for the unknown dead killed in battle. As one nfter another "strange animal bobs up in the news from New Jcrsej. onf wonders If they are not, one and nil, differ cut varieties of tho hooch bear. A dispatch from Florida sets forth that President-elect Harding plajcd golf in i chill, drltlng rnln. We could have done bet tcr for him thnn that here lu Philadelphia No man with a heart that beats resnen sive to the woes of others can remain un affected by the ngonlzed wnltlng of those in tetested for a disclosure of the personnel of the Harding cabinet. The news of the day railroads, nrnu incuts, German reparations nnd the like slinpl) serves to demonstrate that might lew controversialists ever appreciate the t irtuc of understatement. He is a good man who can rise to an imefgeiicj, nnd the local policeman who hrouscd u sleeping family in a burning limnr hv throwing his blackjack through their beJ loom window deserves that classification There is nothing lacking in the Ver saillcs Tienl)." bays Premier Hrlnnd, ' but it is not nlite." If the treaty really lnel llfe Mr. Rrlnnd's criticism Is less a paradox than a hull. Hut, of course. It muy be that tin epigram was spoiled in the translation It speaks well for the strong coinmnr. sense of tlie Amerlcnn farmer that, while facing two tery seiloUH niobiums, credits ami marketing, tlie answer to each of which might tcr) easily be disaster, he Iibb, for the most purt. kept his head cool and his feet oa the ground. The fact that the Danville, 111., woman who lusted foity-elght days in order to male her liusbi.-nd join her church has given It ui as a bad job interests in solely because oi the possibility that the gentleman vitn backbone ma) now also get a bquure meal in his ott n home. Unfortunately, tho mental attitude of the policeman who refused to chnso thjeref because they were not on his b"at is all W common. It is something every employer has to contend with though, ns n matter of fact, It hints the emplo)er less than H injures the employe himself. A sick mun's nllownnco of whisky limited by stntute, but his quotu of wine i' limited onl) by the Judgment of his Ih" Irian. Thin lb a lecent ruling of Prohibition Commissioner Kramer. Mr. Krnmer's voice is just now the best-known tolre In the ItnJ and one of tho most powerful. A "tounting-out" rhwne in a certain northwestern Pennsylvania city might iH this wi : Erie, smenr), mir), mo. Catcli a inn) or -by the too Though he hollers don't let go Trie, smeary, miry, mo. One cuu appiecintn tho mixed feei.tijt of thnt Atlanta, Gu , grocery clerk, an in toluntuiy philanthropist, who hns paid for tlie inlsing of eleteu children, ttnlfa from t liiutirnlt) hospital, his wife pnlmcd off i iur own, fooling him, ns well nN the ncljn ir One wonders if ho will eon""' " ' fthara lUa wiiu't, iuVU ivn ciUUUw i4 jtvi
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers