rtfra 'rJ v ,V'- IK- V? '", T . -V, i I V t ' EVENING PUBLIC LEDGEKrPHTCADELPHlA", 0TO3SPAY, JAOTARY 11, 1921 , , ' . i " s- l . . .. r r ;i 8 t tm m WR k Pi t v t "N. $.:& - - m-.i.i. . . ... .,. ijanipninn inun ir vnnvn 11 fswaa; imisp. pvm5jv-h '1.i PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY ev iitfcj ir tr mmmH yw. ....... -'H Chrl II. Ludlnaton, Vice Prl!nti John O. Jl. llttAtltn. Scrtarr and Treasurers Philip 8. Collins, J. " Jhn n, Williams, John J. Bpurrton, Dlraetont. ' KDITOWAIj UOATID: .. Craoa II, K, Coxtii. Chairman IsAVID B. aMILET.... Editor tjont? C. MAim?i.,..gKral Bualneai Manaftr ? " Published dally at Pcai.ta Lraxirji BuUdlng Indepemnnco Square, Philadelphia. V ATLASTIO CUT rrvtJ-lnfcm nulldlnc J Jtarw TOIK .1(14 Madison Av. Dwiorr 701 Ford Dulldlnt ST. LOCH G13 Olotw-IVmocrat rjulldlns CHI0180 1S02 Triburtj Bulldlne NEVt'S BUREAUS! VAJIIIHOTON llcrir, N. E. Cor. 1'tnnsyhanla Art. and Hth St. j.Jfsw York Nl'itmc The Sun Hulldlne .JLtDON Ilcnuv London Timtt SUDBCniPTION TEHMS The StrMiND Pernio Llama l xmil to aub Dcrlbtrt In Philadelphia nnd aurroundlnc tovrna t the ratn of twelve (12) cents per week, payable to the carrier. By mall to polnta outaldo of Philadelphia, in the United Statca, Canada, or United Btatea poa- ClM?" .P'lt ' n'ty (30) centa per month. But (JO) dollars per year, pajable In advance. To all for'lun countries one ($1) dollar a. month. H , Hotter Subecrlberc wlihlntT nddreas changed , taust sive eld as wall as new addresa BgLL. 3000 WALNUT KEYSTONE. MAIN 3000 fy Address alt cmnmuntcattont to Evening PulHo Ihtdger, nrffpnidfncvi Square, PMIadetpMg, l Member of the Associated Press THE ASSOCIATED PRESS t exclusively n- tltMrf fo tht ute tor republication 0 nil newt attipateAra credited to it or not otheru-iee credited 1' 4n IM( paper, and alto the kxral news publlthcd fkeretti. Jill right) f rruMcotion 0 ipectal dlpalefte re(tt art alto reserved, rhlUdelphli, Tueidar, Januiry 11, 1931 WHAT DID PENROSE SAY? MK. WUGLEIN, president of City Coun cil : Judge Uroivn nnd Jlr. Ciinning htm. lender of the "job combine," among othe, journeyed to Wnvliington to chnt with Jscnntor Penrose over the last week end. It Ih hardly to be KUpposed that they left the city with absolutely nothing on their minds. They did not go merely to '(nze on the grandeur that seems to be i'en roeo. Perhaps they were running to port in a storm and they wanted nothing so much as balm for the wounds laid open by the Mayor's lashing loyalty drive. On their return Mr. Cunningham and Mr. Weglehi had nothing to say ; that is, nothing f any moment. Mr. Weglcin, in fact, de eired to disposs of the subject by saying that Philadelphia matters were "merely micro copic" in comparison with the pulsating currents of great affairs at Washington. Can it be that the brilliancy of the Pen roso star completely eclipsed our local lights? Can it be that the Imposing entourage of the Big Fellow squelched their petty enthusiasms nd struck them dumb? It may be so. And observers do not ap pear to be quite without justification in as turning that the senior United States sen ator really sllcdced them. Whatever may be the real merits of the case, Senator Penrose kas been credited with being a shrewd politi cian. He is not o bad "guesscr," therefore, who insists that the Benator, using the lan guage his lieutenants best understand, advised them to "lay off" Mayor Moore. No one knows better than Senator Penrose the crushing power of a city administration, In spired by clean and fighting ideals. He knows how short Is the political life nnd usefulness of a ward leader who stands out gainst an administration with three years tnore of vigorous life, which employs the police in straight and thorough police duty. Senator Penrose did not havo to make his point in words, if he made any point at all. All he had to do was to sit in state with his retainers palpitating about the dais. Ap parently he listened and then glanced across the Potomnc. Whereupon Mr. Weglcln hastened back to Philadelphia and announced that he was more interested in public im- Jirovements than anything else. Mr. Wt'g eln should make another trip to Washing tm and take his colleagues with him. STRIKE ON GERMAN LINES THE principles if such they can be called under which the present taiicnb . utrike in this city is being conducted bear an ominous resemblance to those which pro- Yoked the United States to enter the world war. It was the German determination, regard less of all considerations of life and prop " rty, to destroy the seaborne commerce of foes and neutrals. Deliberate terrorism was the chief weapon employed. Terrorism is similarly exploited in the taxi strike warfare which has resulted ivitbln the last two months in the exnloslon f twelve bombs near cab parked in central Philadelphia. Taxles have been ditched ftcd otherwise wrecked. One machine was found yesterday at the bottom of an embankment near a Reading Hallway coiilyard at Howard and Gurney rreets. Drivers have been injured. The t lives of cab patrons have been recklessly im v periled. It is no credit to the organizers of such ,, outrageous sabotage thnt there have been no fatalities. Director Cortelyou bos announced that the depredations must end nnd that the police will bend every effort to find the guilty parties. It is said that the t-xi men are striking for higher pay. Hut there Is scant interest now in the nature of their grievance. Pub lic sympathy has been utterly forfeited by barbarities for which there is no palliation. A STUPID POLICY THE local raid on motorists with 1020 license tugs ought to havo been stopped before it begun. Instead of this, however, it was announced that ull drivers of motor J cars who did not display a 1021 license tag r vould be arrested beginning yebtcrday. Ile j' tween 200 and 300 of them were apprehended during the day, including the driver of a j poliw patrol wagon. Then Superintendent Mills ordered the raids stopped nnd nn- sounced that a different plan would have to it be devised. It wns foolish to order the arrests in the ' first place. Every motorcar owner knows that be must get his new tug if lie is to run .bis car. It Is impossible to bent th law. j And under present arrangements It Is im possible for the State Highway Bureau in S Ilnrrisburg to supply half a million license tags within the time the police here allowed. 1 Hundreds of men who have applied for their tags huvc not jet received them. Others have received the tags hut have not yet re- ceived the driver's license thut goes with f them. f The only way out is for the highway de- Vportment to establish licensing bureaus in i. the various cities of the state to which the local motorists may go and in which they may get both their tag and their license at once. If this were done there would be few last year's tags displayed after the first ten lays of the new jrar and there would bo no " excuse for diverting the attention of the police from their important duties to the arrest of men who are guiltv of tlic minor .. offense of delay in doing what they know t they must do, anjwiiy, or who are without their license tagH because the authorities who distribute them have been guilty of delay. CULLING THE IMMIGRANTS THE Inquiry of Mujor Wynne, chief of county detective. Into the crooked deals of shipping agents engaged lu the illegal r importation of lliisManx into thl pouches upon one of the most scrio tins country lous aspects ,). of tne lmmignuiou prooieni. ' v Congress has been exciting Itself over the ljegd flood of foreigners desirous of admis alon here. The caio Is complex and war Mats the slncereat Investigation. ir siUat -before tho gates oil ths side of the MfctA tfrc bhut it would bd advisable to look searchingly Into tho campaigns of decep tion nnd misrepresentation conducted abroad nt the expense of tho gullible, the helpless nnd the Ignorant. Foreign shipping ngcuts arc often n wily lot nnd their disregard of explicit regula tions Imposed by the United States Govern ment Is flagrant. This is proved by the pitiful fate of hundreds of victims who reach Ellis Island only to be shipped home. Major Wynne is concerned Just now with the violation of passport restrictions In the case of Russians dispatched hero through Po land nnd with (he sums of money of which local Russians linve been mulcted by ship ping agents who have vitlnly promised to nld in the immigration of relatives of the pioneers. Rut this is only one phase of the whole disgraceful business. When the government has, to the best of Its nblllty, checked n scries of abuses by unscrupulous shipping concerns It can more fittingly determine what races of Europe make desirable immigrants. THE FORGOTTEN SOLDIER WHO CAN MARCH NO MORE Shameful Inefficiency Rules In the Fed eral Bureaus Established to Help Disabled Men IF, IN" the fight for n general reorganiza tion of the federal systems established for the relief of sick, maimed nnd helpless sol diers, the American Legion, the Veterans of Foreign Wars nnd other soldiers' organiza tions could present the case explicitly nnd In detail It would shock the country. Hut the crimes of omission committed Hgaln&t men temporarily or permanently invalided in the military service have been so numerous thut they may be discussed only in terrible gen eralities without reference to Individual trag edies of innumerable soldiers left to die after they had found less pity nt home than they found on battlefields. The luboted routine of the Wellington mind nnd the invincible faith of untouchable bureaucrats In the card Index as a substitute for moral consciousntrs nrc often costly, often ridiculous. Hut the hnrd and Inflexible forms of official routine never seemed so monstrously cruel, so utterly inadequate to u fundamental human need, ns they have seemed In the light of whnt the country is beginning to learn of the plight of disabled service men. The national conscience seems to have been completely submerged under the welter of Indexes, reports, Invoices, let ters, orders, forms, inquiries nnd phrases thnt make any sort of motion difficult In the War Risk Insurance Rurcau, the offices of the United States Public Health Service nnd the Fcdcrnl Board of Vocational Train ing, three ngencics that wctc established to care fully for men who returned sick or wounded from abroad. When the soldiers went nwny they were "the boys." Congress dropped tears of pride for them and made the windows rattle with star-spangled speeches. The nation nnd the government promised that they should never wnnt. A large number of these same soldiers have returned sick or terribly wounded. The minds of some of them have been unbalanced by their terrible experiences. And they have returned to find the nation, its mood of exal tation passed, seemingly content to let them drift and die. The mind of Washington, which a little while ago seemed actually to have achieved wings, is again bound up in red tape, heavily inert in its accustomed orbit. The boys are boys no longer. They are broken men, most of them. And they nrc not even soldiers. They nre "cases" to be tagged, pigeonholed, Investigated, indexed. And even as "cases" they hnvc been foully dealt with. Over 100,000 soldiers returned to this country in need of specialized medlcnl at tention. About 20,000 of these nre in hos pitals. Many are still waiting nfter two years! Many have died. Forlorn and be wlldcrrd they tramped from office to office and waited in anteroom after anteroom in a last bitterly lonely hike. Meanwhile, the three war-relief bureaus nt Washington, determined, apparently, to have as little ns possible to do with one another, have continued a monotonous debate. They recognize the need for co-operation, but for some reason or another they have been unable to co-operate. Congress has known for a year and a half that the mech anism of the three bureaus had slowed down nnd was threatened with collapse. Rut Con gress, too, has a short memory and it did nothing but listen to an occasional speech on tho general question of relief for soldiers. Things have been going from bad to worse. In January of last year Secretary Raker, or one of his immediate subordinates in the War Department, issued an order that still stands unmatched as an example of the in gratitude of republics and the Inability of the average bureaucrat to think like a human being during office hours. This order was for the discharge from government hospitals of all soldier patients who, having contracted tuberculosis during their foreign service, did not show improvement in a year. The pa tients were to be sent home to die. And many were sent nnd many died. This was becuuse hospitals were overcrowded nnd space was needed for men who might be ex pected to recover quickly. Since appropriations for the Public Health Service havo never been adequate, it may be argued that this particular War Department order was necessary nnd justifiable. Rut doctors in the servlro Institutions spoke bit terly of the psychological effect of the brutal edict on suffering men, who were made to realize that if they didn't begin to recover In twelve months they would be ubandoncd, rust out from the one safe refuge left to them and cut off from their hist remaining chance for life. The War Risk Insurance Bureau is an in stitutiou financed in part by the soldiers theraelve.s. It is whnt its name implies. The Public Health Service nnd the Voca tional Board nre supported by federal ap propriations nnd they were intended to re store sick nnd wounded men to health nnd to rehabilitate and re-educate them for the new beginning in life that Is necessary to badly crippled men. Most of tho cruel injustice thnt returning soldiers have suffered has been duo to the inability of the three bureaus to recognize or determine their obligations In given cases. Shnmeless quibbling between one burenu and another Is almost constant. The simple fact is, of course, thnt in most cases nil three hnvc a more or less equal responsibility. But since enrh Is separately organized under Its 'iwn ndminlstrntion nnd since no means for the co-ordinntlon of their work or thought or alms has ever been sought or attained, delays, waste and general inefficiency were inevitable nnd soldiers who nought needed nid in Washington almost always found them selves lot in a bewi'derlng maze of for malities through which nothing could be ar rived at logically or quickly. A soldier making his appearance in either bureau was likely to be rece'ved coldly in an attn' phcre of doubt or veiled antagonism. Only lately It was nnnounecd In the nnme of the Public Health Service nnd the War Risk Insurance Rurenii that "tho burden of p.-oof" would be placed upon every man who sought osslstanre of any sort as if these men had not had burdens enough, Washing ton officialism had done Its worst. It mnde an unresponsive and unfeeling machine out of nn Institution thnt was intended to be nn Instrument of mercy and the expression of n nation's gratitude. The Senate is eager to Investigate Cuba. The House is inumood to Investigate any. tiling (rom thejfflce of cool to the. Inner consciousness of tho newer European diplomacy. Congress Is always ready to nt ta':k nnd survey nny problem that enn bo disposed of without sneclfic definitions or nn ultimate and binding conclusion. Cuba and Europe ought to lc mode to wait wlillo the House and Senate bend their energies to clear up the confusion in tho burenus established to render necessary relief to tho youthful veterans of the recent war, 'Che soldiers' organizations are asking that these bureaus be merged and compelled to concentrate their energies solely lu the inter est of men stil' in need of aid. The aston ishing filing is thnt such a suggestion had to come from tho 6oldlcrs nnd that it wns not advanced long ago in the House or in the Hcnalc. Something very much like n notional se.mdnl Is growing out of the failure of the government to keep the promises to the men who served it at terrible cost to themselves. These soldiers ought not to be treated ns mendicants or ns suppliants for charity in offices where well-fed ofilclnls dole out their email contributions with the manner of a rich nnd bored relation or n suspicious pnwn r.rokcr. They seek only thnt to which they have nn unquestionable right. Congress cannot afford to waste nny time in giving Its npproval to the bill for central ization and reorganization of the govern ment soldier relief work. And having done that it ought to provide, without nny ques tion, ns much money ns is needed to reor ganize nnd co-ordlnntc the work of tho Vo cational Hoard and the Medical Service. The country will learn with n pang of shame that many soldiers who suffered the mental derangements that attend most cases of shell shock are now confined In private and public asylums beyond the reach of the expert care that is necessary to their re covery. This Is because the Health Service has been without the money necessary to provide better accommodations nnd scientific care. The saddest example of all is pro vided by the men who, for n yenr or more, have found affairs so Involved In the three bureaus that they have been unable to get any help nt nil. The country cannot be content to rcmnln untroubled by what It cannot sec. Many thousands of the soldiers who were cheered so loudly when they marched to the ships are now broken men, shut nwny out of sight, to endure in silence the neglect nnd Injus tice nbout which they ennnot complnln. Is thnt nny reason why they should be for gotten? THOSE USELESS ELECTORS THE electors met yesterday In the capitals of the several states to go through the form of choosing the next President of the lulled Statcj. tut, as every one knows, they did cot thoos.; the Preldcnt. They simply car.-tod nut the instruction of the voters nnd vorid for the cnndldntc of their pnrty. This vote will be canvassed in Washington nnd the result announced. Then the legal formal ities will hove been completed and the title of Mr. Harding to the office will be es tablished. This roundabout way of choosing a Pres ident has come about because the constitu tional method failed to work to tho satis faction of the politicians. The theory of the constitution is that the electors shall vote for the presidential candidates who seem to them best qualified and that they shall exercise their own best judgment In the mat ter. The initiative has been taken from them and it now rests in the party conven tions, so that all the electors do no,w is to vote as they have been instructed. Of course, they have the right and the power to dis regard those instructions. If the man nomi nated by a convention should die after his party electors had received n majority vote, the electors doubtless would actually choose the President, but they would not do so without consultation with the party man agers. They are under moral obligations now to do no more than ratify the action of their party convention. Vice President Marshall is not pleased with the system. On the day before the electors met he gave out an interview in which be urged a return to the original practice. He would have the electoral col lege perform the functions of both a nomi nating and electing convention. Wo elect delegates to the party conventions with au thority to choose n candidate. Mr, Marshall apparently thinks that it would be more sat isfactory if the voters should abolish the party conventions entirely and nomlnnte ns prcsidcntinl electors men in whom they had confidence and nllow them to decide who should be President. The plan would eliminate personalities from the campaign and the issue would be between parties rather than between men. The country would be asked to consider questions of policy separated from the men who would carry out the policy. If the Democratic party had failed, tho country would be asked to turn the government over to the Republican party with confidence that the Republican electors would select n cap able man to represent it in the White House. Rut there are certain obvious disadvan tages in the plan. If there were no agree ment among the electors in the majority it would be possible to make deals with mi nority electors to bring about the selection of n President whom the majority would not have chosen If left to themselves. Something of this kind happened in tho House of Rep resentatives when John Qulncy Adams was chosen. Adams had eighty-four electoral votes, Andrew Jackson hnd ninety-nine, Henry Clay had thirty-seven and William II. Crawford had forty-one. The supporters of Adams were able to make n combination with the friends of Clay in the House and secured the election of their candidate. It is strange that Mr. Marshall did not suggest that we adopt tho French system, under which the members of the Chumber of Deputies nnd the Senate meet iu n na tional assembly and choose the President. This would do away with tho nominating conventions and the superfluous electoral college nnd It would leave no excuse for raising a large campaign fund every four years, for Congress would do the electing and would be ns well fitted for tho duty as a specially chosen electoral college could be. But If there is to be nuy change it is likely to be In the direction of the nbOlltion of the electors altogether. Mnny political lenders have been urging the choice of tho President by direct vote of the people. They are the same men who advocated the elec tion of United States senators in the same way. They hnve secured the ndoption of part of their progrnm nnd they will not stop till they have got It all adopted. DAYLIGHT CAMPAIGNERS THE Edge dnyllght-savlng bill which would advance the clock In the eastern United States in summer has already won the support of numerous business bodies in this city, including the Bourse. The latter organization announces that ".lO per cent of nil persons engaged In gnln fill occupations In tlu; United States are employed within the eastern time zone and that approximately 65 per cent of those are engaged in indus'trial, commercial, financiul and professional pursuits," The arguments on behalf of beginning tho long days earlier are, of course, perfectly valid, but their enuncintion Implies a child like misconception of tho nature of con gressional mental processes. The federal lawmaker are less frequently Inclined to give the country what It wnnts thnn what they pretend, for reasons of their own, to think that it wants. . The advantages of daylight saving to the public ns n whole nre precisely whnt they were when the operation of tho least onerous economy ever adopted In this nntlon was halted. Renewed proofs of merit In the suggested new measure rchlefly imply that persons adducing them ro still posseted of a faith as naive as It ia'Bomcwuat 'satlwtk. MILLIONS FOR CHARITY Curious Faots About the Wards of the State Counties Without an Almshouse Inebriates' Homo , Not Needed Now Dopo Hospital Instead Dy GEORGE NOX McOAIN PRESIDENT ISAAC JOHNSON, of the State Hoard of Charities, and Secretary Bromley Wharton are just now in tho throes of their biennial mathematical calculations. They are figuring out the ratio that ench eleemosynary institution In tho common wealth should receive In the way of appro priations for the next two years. Every state or semi-state Institution, hos pital, dispensary, home, asylum or charitable institution of nny kind dcsirjng nld for tho ensuing two years must file n statement of its expenses, number of patients treated and similar data with the board. There oro several hundred of them. Tho Hoard of Charities reviews their work, scans their demands for aid, decides upon what it thinks they nrc entitled to nnd then submits the result to the Legislature for its npprovnl. The board acts ns a sort of governor on tho state's machinery for supplying public money for charity. Day and night for weeks, prior to tho as sembling of ench Legislature, members of the board, witli Mr. Whnrton, nn nccount nnt nnd several assistants, work over these statistics. It's a great job. for it involves nn ex penditure of 23,000,000 or more. A UNIQUE system thnt exists in this state is the borough almshouse. There nre thirty-seven of these institu tions. Instead of sending their indigent or insr,y) to a county almshouse or nn asylum, tuc boroughs elect to care for them themselves. It is a survival of the old English "Union," which Pickens has made famous or infamous. It Is nn obsolete system. It ia unsatis factory nnd should be abolished. , .but legislation alone can uccomplish this. Every time it is proposed objections nre raised and they arc permitted to rcmnln, In mnny cases the wretched victims aro forgotten. The officials of the borough poor boards fail to visit them. The physician who is supposed to look after them neglects his duty or gives them only perfunctory core. It ts tho one blot upon our charity system that should be erased. OF THE sixty-seven counties In the com monwealth, there nrc eight counties that have neither a county home nor a bor ough poor house. Think of It I The .latter fact seems almost incredible to city dwellers, who see so much of poverty in its various guises and who aro constantly bcsecchcd by pencil beggars and others on the streets. There nre forty-seven counties that have one almshouse. The thirty-seven borough almshouses I have mentioned nrc located within twelve counties. In all the almshouses in the state there are in round numbers IS, 000 inmates. They come under the nnme of pauper and arc a clnss separate from tho inmates of homes for the aged nnd for children. ' , . AN HOUR spent in "the rooms of the State Hoard of Charities in this city discloses some wonderful facts nbout the words of the Btntc-i-thc Indigent, criminal, helpless, aged. Infirm, crippled, blind, consumptive and deaf and dumb. If they could all be gathered together in one community they would populate u city as largo as Harrlsburf. If nil the nttendnnts, guards, nurses, physicians, teachers nnd turnkeys could be marshaled together nnd uniformed as nn ' army thoy would mnke two brigndes of in fantry. There are five times ns many children and aged persons in homes that receive appro priations ns there nre inmntes of the jails and workhouses. If all the inmates in hospitals for the insane and state and county institutions wero formed In one grand procession, march ing four abreast in close order, it would re quire two hours for them to pass a given point. If the penal institutions nnd jails and workhouses should enlist their inmates for wnr today there would be enough of them to form three regiments of 2C0O men each, not including officers and ambulance corps. BRIEFLY, here nre Bomo facts additional about our unfortunates. In private sanatoriums for consumptives there nre ,1G8 inmntes. This does not Inclucbp the large population of tho state tuberculosis hospitals at Mont Alto, Cresson and Hamburg. Nor does It include the dispensary work in tho free dispensaries for tuberculosis maintained throughout the state. In the various institutions and homes for the weak-minded there arc sheltered over 4000 of these uurortuatcs. The deaf and dumb number 1000 In the various institutions devoted to their care and instruction. Incorrigible boys and girls num ber 2000 in the reform schools. The criminal population in penal Institu tions alone, Including both male und female, is 3500 persons. NO ONE thing stands out so conspicuously In the humanitarian progress of our age as the advancement in penology. i-uriiuuiuriy is mis irue in us applica tion to the erring and criminal of the female sex. At the base of Hold mountain In Lycoming county thcro is an institution iu the midst of 300 acres of laud. There are roomy stone buildings in nn environment both healthful and pleasing. The commonwealth maintains this as an industrial home for women. Any court of record, exercising criminal jurisdiction, muy at its discretion sentence to this home any female between sixteen and thirty years of nee upon conviction or upon pleading guilty of any crime. In course of construction In Union county is n vlllnge for feeble-minded women. The plan is to ndd buildings to those nlrcndy erected until it is possible to provide proper nccommodations for feeble-minded women who are now, or Inter will become, inmates of other state institutions. PROHIBITION hns, apparently, put tho skids under n proposed hospital for inebriates. Down at Whltehlll in Cumberland county five miles from Harrishurr, there are several hundred acres of land thnt In 1017 were purchased with a view to establishing n home for the treatment of Inebriates. Prohibition came along, and nothing more has been done. No buildings hnve been erected. But the seeno and the circumstance shift to n sadder theme. It will become necessary to utilize this property for incurab'e drug addicts. The idea has not culminated as yet In anything tangible. The tremendous increase in tho number of drug users will ultimately require an In stitution of thut kind. Philadelphia police authorities can fur nlsh ample statistics on the subject, JUDGE JOHNSON tells me that there Is one phase of this matter of charitable ap propriations that the board has gripped with a firm hand. It is the basis upon which recommenda tions for hospitals tare made to the Legis lature. Theso-institutions over the commonwealth are divided Into 'four classes, according to their work. To each cIobs is given o certain per diem ratio for its maintenance, Seeing the wide variation In cost per day for each patient, such action is necessary. The cost for maintaining patients in tho hospitals of the state ranges all the way from $1.40 to $4.31. The first figures enme from a Pittsburgh hospital ; the last from Philadelphia. The moment peace comes to Russia the Bolshcvlkl will have a chance to work out their theories; which is probably why .the leaders in Moscow-are planning new vara nn the fronjicrg o? atylapsllcla and Ituinoiua, ? l1,...; NOW MY IDEA IS THIS Daily Tallcs With Thinking Philadelphians on Subjects They Knoiv Best OR. WILLIAM S. WADSWORTH On Crime Detection and Prevention A RATIONAL and true knowledge of what constitutes cririic is necessary if we ore to be in a position to do anything substantial toward bettering crime conditions ; also that the work of detecting crime is primarily the work of properly equipped psychologists rather than policemen. These nre sub stantially the thoughts of Dr. William S. Wadsworth, a coroner's physician nnd him self a psychologist of wide reputation, who has had many years' experience in the prac tical work of solving crime casos in this city. "It must bo remembered," said Dr. Wadsworth "that tho seat of most all crime is located right in the human mind. Crime is an act performed by a human being. It consists not merely In breaking a lnw, but in motive and purpose. To kill may bo heroic or it may be utterly base. Even the law has come to recognize grades and degrees in killing. "The law deals only in the most primitive psychology, but In worth-while studies of crime wo must use only the best sort of psychology. We must cnrcfully consider what crime is from the personal side. Have Clear Ideas About Mahc-Up of Mind "We must hnvc rather clear ideas nbout the mnkc-up of the humnn mind both in a normal and in a disturbed state. Most studies of crime and criminals have been based on the nbnormal rather than the nor mal state. We must try to find out what constitutes a normal state of mind, uu un dertaking that requires some thought and trouble, it is true, but which can bo done with n flair degree of nccurncy, Just ns other equally Intangible things have been done in recent years. "We must understand what disturbances of the mind lead to crime and how they arise before wo con pretend to diagnose or detect it or discuss measures of prevention. Thus before Rush discovered and brought out the fact that all persons classed ns in sane were not wild animals, they were con fined under the most terrible conditions and treated with the utmost brutality nnd sub jected to nil the sordid conditions thnt neg lect can bring about. "We must know whnt are the parts of the human mind nnd how they work and where the impulse begins. We must also know how it gains force and how .it over comes the normal resisting forces of the mind before the person thus affected can commit the wrong net. "It will be of little vnlue if we try to solve the main problem by pursuing minor issues. Wo shall not get nt the bottom of the matter by touching n few of tho high spots, a method that we too often find tho curt-before-the-horse method used by sociol ogists, economists, penologists nnd various cnthusinstic persons of right motives but wrong methods. Must Restrain Our Emotions About Crime "We must restrain our emotions nbout crime if we nrc to get true results. Unfor tunately, too much criminology of tho past has been based on cmotlr blunders. "What we call crime Is very old, probably older than the human mind. As such, wo probably inherit the faculties and traits from our very primitive ancestors, bo that we need not expect to arrive simply by employing some very modern fads or fashions in 'ho field. Vie should go back to the very funda mental studies of right and wrong. "When I speak of the detection of crime I mean exactly what the word implies nnd not that popular misconception thnt Tcgnrds anything done by a detective nB expressing thnt: 1 he word Implies, of course, discov ering. It nlso Implies what is at times con veyed bv the word diagnosis. It should cover all that has to do with determining that a crime was committed and its grade and significance nnd whv It wns done. "Of course, wo must know what evidence is, ns distinguished from the mere accumula tion of data more or less irrelevant. In cer tain foreign countries men nre traiued in pschology und in medico-legal topics before they are nut to solve difficult problems. "Schools, institutions and universities give courses there thut fit men for this work. De partments of the governments bclect men who show special fitness and havo had sneclul training and these men develop the field under more or less advantageous conditions. Facilities Lacking Here "In this country wo lack every facilltv for study and the practice is so handicapped as to deter most iles rublo persons froi! entering the field. This so handicaps those who do go In that they seldom Each nny degree of proficiency. It Is n dreadfully un lit 1 Job and a most d scournglne one unX,. conditions nnd associations at present "We hm tl,0UB?nd of counties In this country with an abundance and var ety Tf crime, but in how few tilaces Imve "". .F pr.n"" fJ,.ccnty "Wnlzed work. MAKE WAY! well ns we do; nnd smnll wonder thnt for eigners make unpleasant rcmnrks nbout our methods nnd with some degree of justice. "Almost the only thing we have adopted from abroad is the identification of crim inals. And even in thnt minor phase we hnvc imitated, rather than intelligently adopted, methods nnd conditions for such work in a way that is often absurdly un suitable nnd cxnspcrnting. "But for the true problem of crime de tection nnd study so much Is Ignored and neglected that one is almost tempted to ngrce with our critics who find little to praise. If it is difficult to detect (nnd I always use that word in the corrected way) and requires thought nnd study and insight, how much more docs it reoulre of profound nnd systematic study before we can attempt prevention. Stop at Catching and Punishing Criminal "The mass of the people of more thnn average intelligence consider crime ns some thing fnr nwav and rather inhuman, and scl 'tloin when called upon to regard the prob lem as a scientific one do they go beyond catching nnd punishing the criminal. Every once in a while some one tries to nrouse us to sense by showing how human is crime nnd the criminal. it 'i'Th! unfortunate dissocintlon of re ligion nnd science has worked great damage to our problem, nnd we live in hope that tho thoughtless indulgence iu emotion by the votaries of these two great fields of work may gradually be reduced to normal. "If we could have religion enlightened by science and science rntlon&lized by religion to such n degree thnt both could work in hnr mony, we might expect results. "Prevention of crime is n fnr Inrgcr topic than punishment nnd pcnnl institutions. Laws have never cured social conditions, crime and law have run along together through the ages. iu."1',10vmotIern disposition seeks for some thing above the fear of tho law to reform the world. "It is the duty of every person to actively consider how far ho is aiding the upkeep of nv.w i re iH,no Bu,rer WRy of not Betting Sn tA,u?m,,one , hnn. thnt of 'lotting George ' "' . .''GPoHce, handicapped ns they nre. nrc not likely to upset the whole record of history. Just in our spcclnl day the prob lems of crime nrc neglected by tho citizens nnd there is no one else to blame." Armament makers, for obvious rca- abolish competitive nrmament. In their defense it must lie snld that no good man would will war for the sake of profit. On tie other hand, mnny who nre convinced thnt wnr can never be nbolished hnve, per .hups, nil unconsciously, ttllowed sclf-inter-est to monkey with the scales whllo fncts were being v,c ghed. Pence Is the mother of prosperity. War Is merely Its foster parent What Do You Know? QUIZ ,-.nttaMahr.han.Wd,anttm0'V'MI,"- 3. Who is Henry Arthur Jones? 4' W!iowr th0 MnS0' " Kn ne laid 6. Why Is n mummy so called? Tl UArner"ca K"K"Hh C0,0" ' Central l:YaWJL0tS?Won " 'tKrne ocrV U, ',m bft' Answers to Yesterday's Quiz 8. Iminunuel Kant, thutivrmtm ni.,, passed mo or ,uri?'unnphosopher. -nth century HiB"ua,e nhre " 'rh?.lTr'J1 Alliance of Germany Ai, a a Su",!i,K of the world .war. v,u j pT .j lff laTM ifaHffT'ffif'fF JflMr4nfetM"a!lT1 SHORT CVTS Another woman's right secured apptiri iu uu inu rigui iu uc pincnea tor ramtJllEf, Some doubt must exist as to whtthtr lioru Liecics is an optimist or merely an op portunist. Wo just feel it in our bones that tk) ice man next summer is going to capitalize tins open winter. It is with due nVmreclntlon-nf .the aA. vcrtlslng value of alliteration that the Kg Tvltur Tvlfin nrasants Ifa lrfm Im' lrtlia1n We judge from the Tcvfew of the Ntw York administration by the mayor that cm; Douquci Jiir. nyian inrows is a Doomertsr. The men whose interests most insistently demand the arrest of .the miscreants who, piucu UUU1U3 iu uuis are uie striKtng cnu. fcurs. Governor Miller appcare to be biriii the same kind of fight In New York.aUtt thnt Mayor Mooro is having in the city ol . iiiiuui:ituiu. It is astonishtn? hnnr hlnao iru au S,. coming. A President nnd Vico Fresldtnt were elected yesterday and nobody paid an; uvieuuuu iu me tact. The bomb charged with hydrogtn of nuii'iiur ukku 10 lorce aujournment ot til Danzig council seems to have worked li reverse in tne I'hilodelpbia body. When TT d. lnll .l....-!!. Tlf..t.. Churchill as "tho running sore of waste it uu h"i'iuiuvui it causes one to wonctr what language he would use If he decided to lulnnmn .. I... ..I.... siiiuia uuuaivv. AVTien linnillfa ImM .... -ll.... ..- ..1 ........ uuuuitf iiuiu up u iruiii-j tar aui r i a man and other bandits bind a womii wuiic rouDiug a nouse the police naturtiif have to arrest somebody, so why not a bunck v imu-jimjiui; women i While the nnvnl pmirf ta tninlrlnv hnff the navy men happened to lose their balloon In the far north, perhaps some witness will be able to tell why Uncle Sam didn't bin money nvunaDie to Bring his men home. By the will of a Topeka, Kan., busi ness mnn a local newspaper will be d llvered at his tomb dally for tho nut twenty years. Here Is one subscriber wb yon t be inconsistent enough to insist oa "llvo news." Recause three youthful robbers snld that crook moving pictures drove them crime, Chicago has forbidden the producliM of moving pictures showing criminals l work. Lvcn with the strict lines drawn, I film such ns "Jim, the Penman," is likely to puzzle the censors. In addition to his secretary and nogrnpher, the Vice President has the ap pointment of a telegraph operator. The job was created in 1870, and for nt least twentj years the appointee has had nothing to do but draw his salary. Wo hnve fifteen cetU to bet that Sir. Coolidge will nbollsh the job. A delightful little rule ndoptcd by tb New lork police department last year callj upon policemen summoned before tho Rrano jury to report all tho details to the polM commissioner. Only a politician knows ho useful thiH rule may be if the grand jury happens to be investigating the police o purtment. A Chicngo educntor hns lnaugu"1 a crusade ugnlnst the uso of baby talk M children nnd lovers on the ground that " causes defective speech'. She has commoa sense on her side, but tho chances arc tM lovers and children, like the American ntors lost in the far north, will ccatlM' to mush on. Cardinal Gibbons has turned dwj suggestion that a cathedral be built In B; tfmore and named in his honor and siiK"" Instead that St. Mary's Industrial School," Baltimore, where Rabo Ruth received wj education and which 'has been destroyed M lire, be .rebuilt und named in honor of " baseball hero. There I not only 'n,ol"?Ji here but the human quality that marks t cardinal as u grcnt organizer nnd judge 01 meii. The thrilling udvenlures of the An", icon hnlloonlsts In the fnr north bpo"''' forded one interesting little economic ' , light. Correspondents learned from an 1JJ diun trapper thut Lieutenant Hlnton J" changed $lf)0 in Amerlcun money Into U" , ndlun currency and they wished to lraJ!; , rutu oi excunngc. nut the trapi'"' r,U the dispatch, "could not get It Into lilsh at Which, v precisely thevripint of vo.w "f.'r nt j " "hv iiiui we get along gj , , A, . .'..'' 1 - . vw...ri ., . i. - . & ,WUO' UUYOCa'lutsrnttUOUfti, cui- sy ; n. rj i V!. 4 ..l,L,-i r ,, ' r . , feiiifefe SS-Sfigffig UIklLiJjutlmxJ.liiL.lSL ,&vas r M.ii....", iif '. WnrtrttWffl tf:wfo, ,dtetmfWA-.?l .XJtiMSJ.i..U "7r''TTr WV-M SV
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers