irjJ"r '; :'. '737'" V'" If 1 & r '; f. 10 Evening public UTeftgcc PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY ,,Chtlf If. I.uillniton. Vlco rreeMenti John C. MfrUn. Heeretery unci Treasurer: Philip H. Collins, John n. WlUlamn. John J. Fpnrgeon. Director. EDITOniAIi BOAnD: Cibos It. IC. C cutis. Chairman EAVIP C. S.M1LKT Editor XOIIW C. MAnTIN.... general llmlneas Manager Published dally at PoBLIa I.etoer Hulldlnr, Independence. Square, Philadelphia, TMNTto cur 'rem-lnlnn hulldlnit Hw VottK 200 Metropolitan Toner DmoiT 701 rord Hulldtne BT. Lout loos Ftillerton Huli.llne Caicioo 1302 Tribune Ilulldlnc Nnwa nunnAua: wisniNOTO!) Bonno. J- B. or, IYnnslvanla Ave, and 14th St. NaT YoitK Ourrau The Sun Ilulldlnc London Uubf.au London rimes sunscniPTioN terms Thu Err-Kiwi Pcbmo Lnwrjn la served to sub scribers In Philadelphia and aurroundlns towns -t tho rato of twelve. (12) cents per weel rnyablo j tho carrier. Hy mall lo points ouleldo of Philadelphia, In th United States, Canada, or United States po eailons, postage free, nfty R0) cents per mouth, Bli (U1 dollars per sear, payable In advance. To nil forelm countries ono ($1) dollar per innnth NoticB Subscribers wishing address chins! must clvo old as well as now address. HELL. 3000 WA1.MT KEYSTONE. MAIN 3000 T Address all comnxunUalioim to Jfrrolnp PuANo Ledger, Indcpcndeiico Square, Philadelphia. Member of the Associated Press THE ASSOCIATED MESS h cxclu lively cntlllrd to the use for republication of all lints dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited In thts paper, and also the local news published therein. All rlnhts of republication of special dis- pat cues herein arc also reserved. Philadelphia, Tunday, rrbnur) 21, 1920 A FOUR-YEAR PROGRAM FOR PHILADELPHIA Thing on nlilcli the people expect the new nilnilnlMriitlnn tu cnncen(rle lis at tenlloni The Delaware rirrr bridrjr A dr-ydock big enough io accommodate the lnrne.it ships. CcveTopuicir of the rapid transit system. A convention hall. A building for the I'rcc TAbraru An Art Museum Enlargement of the water supply. Homes to accommodate the population. PENROSE AND HOOVER QENATOR PENROSE has dismissed Hoover from among presidential pos sibilities acceptable to those leaders in the Republican party who, for want of a better term, arc called conservative. Mr. Penrose, departing for Florida yesterday, spoke in measured terms, by the book. He wa.s explicit, uncompromis ing, final. It is not to be supposed that ho spoke only for himself. He wa.s, for the moment, a mirror in which you could read the mature opinion of all his asso ciates in the dominant wing of the G. O. P. There will bo outcries now, especially from certain Democrats. But it is already plain that Hoover i no more ac ceptable to many old guard leaders of the Democratic party than lie is to the elder statesmen of the opposition. Sena tor Reed shouted abu.se at the food ad ministrator and pooh-poohed his candi dacy even before any Hcpublican had time to speak. It becomes more apparent every day that the Hoover boom, if it is to make any progress at all, will have to go v ith out assistance from standpatters in cither party. It must become the nu cleus of a vast progressive movement in "" oneamp or the other or go, before long, to oblivion. AS OTHERS HEAR YOU rpiIE country is full of college graduates -- who would be appalled if they could hear their own daily speech reproduced distinctly through a phonograph. They would hear not English but a clipped, slurred dialect that often seems to have only a distant relationship to the tongue of our inheritance. It is of these Amoiicans that Prof. Felix E. Schelling, of the University of Pennsylvania, was thinking when he raised his own voice in a demand for bet ter language training in colleges and a stricter regard for English speech as a test of scholarship. Carelessness in speech is a national habit. It is true that in the United States the percentage of actual illiteracy is low. Educational facilities are more general in this country than anywhere else in the world. Yet as a people we show little regard for the rules which make English a various and beautiful language. Hate is largf-h to blame foi this. The masses of unlettered alien-, whose children fill the public schools contribute indirectly to the defects of commonplace speech in America. It is not difficult to find school teachers and faculty men who are not beyond reproach. Any one who has to listen to public speakers knows that many people who really know better drop rejrularly into loenly English from force of habit. Education begins in schools and col leges. It is finished in the outer world. Tho reforms that Doctor Schelling has ui mind should begin in the public sihools. The colleges would raise their Standaida a- a mutter of course. ONE MAN pLIAS TAYLOR, who ha- just died in -J Kensington, a.- ninety-two years old. He worked all his life and founded a family, u church and a good name. His was a cheerful life. He never paraded With tho disconsolate. He would have been amazed if any one called him op pressed, because he wasn't oppressed. He scem.i to have been happier than any boss he rcr had. Such men are fewer than they used to be. It is hard to convince any man that decent work offers the surest way not only to health, but to happiness. What (has become of the native traits of indus try and ambition ? And what has become of tho old-faslvioned type of foreigner who, after a few years in America, could ncquire a house and n silk shirt, hopes ind aspirations and perhaps a flivver, and lilt his hat and bawl out the unruly poli ticians with the rest of us even if he did it with an accent that tended swiftly to disappear? OLD TIMES RETURN IN JERSEY IT IS said that old times never return. Yot any one in New Jersey who stops to listen to the uproar from the State Legislature might suppose, with good reason, that he was back in the terrible old days that Jim Nugent made famous Vefore ho ceased to bo tho boss of all bosses at tho Capitol. Tho habit, of party leaders to think of themselves first and ..-lv,'...SA- .,-; K of the people afterward Is again boing vividly illustrated at Trenton. Ono party has the governor. The other has a majority in tho Assembly. Tho balance is pretty ovm and no one can agree with any ono else. Legislation of tho most important sort is deadlocked as solidly as the treaty of peace is dead locked in tho Senate. An intensive survey of the state's utilities and n reorganization of tho State Utilities Commission arc impera tively necessary if the Public Service Corporation and the people arc ever to reach decent working agreements based upon fair schedules of rates for street car, gas and electric service. Every move made by one faction to these ends is blocked by the opposition. This stnte of affairs may continue far into tho spring, while the party leaders fight for position. RAILROAD BILL'S EFFECT ON LABOR AND THE PUBLIC Capital Is Protected, While a Plan Is Provided to Safeguard Wages and Prevent Strikes rpHE bill transferring the railroads - from government control back to their owners has passed both houses of Congress. In spite of the objections of the labor leaders, it received 250 affirmative votes in the House and 150 negative votes. Only forty-five of the affirmative votes were cast by Democrats, while 125 Demo crates voted against the bill. The ex planation for this will doubtless be found in the fact that the two Democratic mem bers of the House conference committee refused to sign the majority report and opposed the passage of the bill as it came from tho conference. The Democrats in tho House supported the action of their representatives on the committee. It passed the Senate by u vote of 47 to 17, with more Democrats supporting it than opposing it. The bill is the result of a serious and honest effort to agreo on a plan fox re turning tho railroads to their owners while protecting the rights of the public, of the employes and of the shareholders. It provides that there shall be no re duction in wages and no reduction in rates prior to September 1. This guar antees to the workers a continuance of at least the scale of wages which the gov ernment fixed and a continuance of the rate of income for the railroads on which the scale of wages was based for a period long enough to permit a careful study of the situation before any reductions are made. The Interstate Commerce Commission, however, may increase the rates during this period if circumstances warrant and the wages also may be increased. The point to be noted is that it is reductions alone that are forbidden for six months. The powers of tho Interstate Com merce Commission over rates are in creased and the commission itself is en larged to eleven members in order to en able it to exercise its new functions. Provision is made for a railroad labor board to adjust all disputes between the railroads and their employes regarding wages or conditions of work. The board is to consist of nine members, three rep resenting employes and subordinate offi cials of the railroads, three representing the railroads' managers and three repre senting the public. The President, with the advice and consent of the Senate, is to make the appointments. In the case of the group representing labor and the group representing management he is to select three men for each from six nomi nated by each group; but in the case of the public representatives he is to make his own selections directly without offi cial suggestion from any one. As soon as a representative of the em ployes or the managers is appointed he must sever all active connection with the body which he represents and devote himself wholly to his new duties. A salary of $10,000 a year is provided for each member of the board and the term is fixed at five years, save for the first appointees. They serve one, two and three years, so that when the board is firmly established one-thud of it will go out of office every yeai. This arrange ment provides for a continuing body. Subordinate to ,th,is railroad labor board, the bill authorizes the railroads by agreement with thoir employes to es tablish boards of labor adjustment to consider all grievances which threaten to interrupt the operation of the roads, and to remove them o far as possible. If tho adjustment boards are unable to agree on a plan for removing grievances the matter ih to be referred to the rail road labor board, which shall consider tho questions at iasue on their merits and make and publish its findings. No provision is made for compelling either the employers or the employes to accept the decisions of the labor board. It is hoped that those decisions will be so fair and just that tho pressure of public sentiment will be sufficient to com pel the parties to tho disputes to respect the decisions and to refrain from inter rupting commerce either by strikes or by lockouts. The financial provisions of the measure aie intended to protect railioad investment-. An income of .V per cent on thf value of the property is guaranteed. If the income earned by any railroad under this guarantee 13 in excess of its minimum operating expenses the excess must be forthwith paid into tho United States Treasury, but each railroad may retain enough to pay its fixed charges. A period of ten years is allowed for re payment to the government of the sums invested by it in permanent betterments, and arrangements are made for paying to tho roads 5630,000,000, which is tho net deficit that has accumulated under gov ernment operation. An appropriation of $300,000,000 is made to sorve as a revolving fund, out of which tho secretary of the treasury is authorized to make loans to the roads at any time within two years to enable them properly to serve the public. The need for tho loan, however, must first be cer tified to by the Interstate Commerce Commission. If tho commission ap proves, then the secretary of the treas k. 'svn'(H Wf.'f 'f ' -V-, EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER - ury may lend the money on proper se curity. As already said, tho present freight and passenger rates arc protected for six months against reduction, but not against increase. If it should bo found necessary to increase the wages of tho employes the way is open for enabling tho railroads to pay tho incrcaso nt the expense of tho public which uses tho roads. The labor unions arc dissatisfied with the labor provisions of tho bill and cer tain groups of capital arc also displeased with it, but tho general feeling among the railroad managers is that it is n much better and fairer measure than seemed possible to get through Congress n few months ago. They prefer to accept it and get their property back on March 1 rather than endure uncertainty for a longer period. This, aftor all, is tho most important thing accomplished. Futuro legislation can be depended upon, backed by public opinion, to protect tho tri partite interests recognized by tho bill. NOISES FROM THE CRAVE rjlHERE was no "whisky rebellion" in - Michigan. There was no thought or shadow of ono. What you hoard yester day was merely the shade of J. Barley corn giving still another vicious rattle to tho gato of that Gehenna to which all demons go when they die. In Michigan there were federal agents and county officials whoso personal egotism temporarily unbalanced them. P. A. McDonough, tho county prosecutor, who was said to have flouted tho federal authority, loudly disclaimed any desire to question the authority of federal pro hibition agents. A good deal of tact is necessary to the proper enforcement of any internal reve nue law and in this instance the revenue agents and the county prosecutor seem to have been aliko tactless. What was reported as a "rising" among tho for eigners in Iron county was a case of mis understanding and mistaken identity. Thero may bo differences of opinion nbout some of the clauses in tho prohibi tion amendment, but what ought to be apparent to everybody is that no one in this country, native or foreign born, is foolish enough or thirsty enough openly to substitute his own opinions for tho law of the land. Tho law may be changed, but it will not bo changed by force. ELEMENTS OF THE TREATY CASE TJERBERT HOOVER regards tho ---1- peace treaty quite from the angle of the average rationnl American. Before the students of Johns Hopkins University yesterday ho expressed his conviction that the majority of the people realize "tho necessity of tho league with reserva tions." Brushing aside obfuscating quib bles, he read a warning to the "lesser rescrvationists,"' who arc in this instance the Democratic minority in the Senate, urging them to agree with the "mild rescrvationists" and pointing,out to them that by such corlcession they will secure "all the major functions of the league." The great mass of Americans are un questionably in accord with these senti ments. Opposing views are to be found among those senators who wish an unin terpreted treaty and the obstinate high handed group of irreconcilables who seek to destroy the pact. Only a little more compromising is needed to clip the wings of these obstructionists. The folly of carrying the treaty into the campaign is obvious. Mr. Hoover sees it as an agitated performance over a subject about which "the public has already made up its mind." This is a simple statement of fact, but one which cannot be repeated too often so long as such a danger impends. OUR LUXURY POWER TF THE appetite for luxuries is, as has sometimes been held, an index of civili zation, the development of the United States since the pre-war days has been prodigious. The Bureau of tho Mint has estimated that in 1915 our consumption of gold for use in the arts amounted to more than $37,000,000 worth. In 1919 the total soared to $65,000,000 and for the first time since the auriferous ear of '49 we made use of moie gold in this country than the nation itself could sup ply from its mines. Very few of the arts in which gold is a factor can be regarded as absolutely in dispensable to the well-being of man. Populations in want of food or unable to pay high prices for necessities do not clamor insistently for jewelry and, even though it would minister to their esthetic sense, they refrain from buying such ex pensive trinkets. Doubts have been entertained concern ing what tho war taught ua. There can be no question, however, that after the victory wo imposingly realized our luxury power and were under no marked restraint in exercising it. A Urjn Mnwr profes .Mar.s to .Mars sor cuKRusts tuut Mars l'- MKiinled with a smoke screen the size of Pennsylvania, and tbnt old war material be urd for the pur pose. The supposition is, of course, that. War and his nnmesok" lull; the same langungt. Time nnd linrd npccssit.v uill eventually brinR about mi equalization of bonis of labor in town and countrj, mi equalization with out which we ina eventually so hungry; whnt in needed is a genius who run spur the economic law into "getting u move ou." Incidentally it may bo noted that tho loreign exchango slump is indirectly a boost for bolshcvlam. If their money won't buy what they can neither borrow nor get as u gift Europeans nre going perforce to be bad neighbors, Gloucester rond bonds nro going beg ging. Is it possiblo that Doctor Foster has forgotten the puddlo hn fell into? Policemen and firemen now know that Finance, is a fickle jade who does not always lot good Council control her. Young America made it Children's Day nt Independence Hall yesterday. A fearful public now 'tecs a possible blizzard in every snow flurry. Organization men are which is tbe organization. now realizing '" .x ,f a f. -1-" yffiJVi'. -v- -,. k? svm PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY FIUME WHYS AND WHYNOTS At Present Neither Italy Nor "Jugo Slavla" 8eems Likely to Retain It, and tho Row Is Delng Fought Over "Influences" THE Flumo wranglo has given rise to thrco widely prevalent delusions. These arc: First. That Jtigo-Slavla is the name of a nation. Second. That the secret treaty ot London accords Fiumo to Italy. Third. That Italy Is prolonging a diplo matic crisis in order to sccuro absolute possession of Finnic as nn integral part of the Italian kingdom. For thin last misconception, Gnbriele D'Annunzlo nnd his hectic adventure aro partly to blame. Moreover, it still Htlcks in the popular consciousness that Baron Sonnino ut the Peace Conference, from which he ultimately withdrew, clamored for the annexation of Flumo to Italy. But com promises of nil Boris have been suggested since that scnsattonal day. The complete absorption of Flume by tho Italian mon archy has ceased to be n' subject for dramatic dispute. Tho point nt Nunc now Is the status of nn "Independent" Flume, not to be actually In tho possession of either Italy or the country erroneously labeled Jugo-Slaviu. rnJIEiproxImnto causes of tho war of 101-t- 18 nro often overlooked. It Is evident that William llohonzollrrn nnd the "Potsdam gang" developed n great army with n view to making it nn invulnerable Instrument of depredation nnd conquest. Hut the great war did not begin on cither the Frunco-Gernuin or the Husso-Gcrman frotiticrs. It started in Serbia. Tho spark which ignited the in lldtnmiiblc Balkan timber was age-long repu diation of racial rights in southeastern Europe. Tho crime goes back to the insolent treaty of Berlin, when in 1878 the provinces of Bosnia and Ilerzegovlnn, carved out of me siinnking Turkish empire, were placed under the suzerainty of the Austro-Hun-garian monarchy. Full title to them did not, however, pass In the infamous deal. Nomi nally thu regions were still Turkish under Austrian wnrdshlp. On October 5, 1008, Austria cynlcnlly annexed theso territories. This act was whollv unjustifiable on ethno logical grounds, for Bosnia and Herzegovina wcro peopled mainly by races included In tho comprehensive term. "Scrbo-Cront-Slovcne." The neighboring kingdom of Serbia wns in dlguant, but powerless. The ill feeling took more formidable form when King Peter's troops emerged as victors in the two Balkan wars of, respectively, 1912-in and 3013, and culminated tragically in the assassination of the Austrian arch duke at Sarajevo on Juno '2o, HUM. How Austria capitalized t lii deed as an otcuso of her plans to seize Serbia and carry out on n grand scale her traditional policy of racial oppression is now n commonplace of history. T5DT not tho least of tho novelties con-J-'ticcted with the overthrow of the Haps burgs was the opportunity for the first timo in centuries of a union of the Scrbo-Cront-Hlovcne peoples of Bosnia, Herzegovina, Carntola. Dalmatia nnd Serbia. This fusion has produced the Serbo-Croat-Slovene state. Its capital is Belgrade, on the Danube. It is at present governed by Prince Alexander Knrngeorgcvitch, son of the old King Peter, who has been dethroned. Strictly speaking, there is no "Jugo-Slav" nation. It is n subdivision of Prince Alexander's peoples who have been nt odds with Italy concerning Fiumo nnd neighboring regions. It is, indeed, the same racial injustice which was one of the roots of tho war that is giving concern to the world constructionists nt the close of the contest. That is one reason why the contest over Fiume lias proportions so largely incommensurnto to the intrinsic aluc of a small seaport. There is a rfnturul feeling among nil ad herents to the principles of self-determination and racial justice that the Serbo-Croat-Slovene nation bo permitted the advantages of rational normal development. THE best Italian sentiment, of course, inclines in this direction, but Italy is a neighbor of the expanded kingdom of Serbia and Italy is engaged in the welcome task of recovering her raciul kinsmen who were formerly under the Austrian heel. The mot erudite ethnologist, however, cannot draw nn infallible frontier. When .strategic con siderations nre involved the problem becomes even more bcwildcringly complicated. A hasty attempt to solve it was mnde in the secret treaty of London, negotiated by Italy, France, Great Britain nnd Russia in April, 10ir. In this pact, fulfillment of which wns contingent upou the success of the Allies in the war Italy was to receive the Trentino, Gorizin, Trieste, of which she is now in full poseslon, and also tho Istrian peninsula, tin- province of Dnlmiitin, certain Adriatic island- and compensation in Afrien in cose the Fn-neh und British colo nies in that continent were aggrandized nt the expense of Gernmnv The mandate sjs tem wiped out that lnt nnmed claim. What cannot he ton often emphasized, however, is that Fiun.e wns not included in these pledgee Neilh. i was that port given to "Jugo-SIavia." -ime thnt territory wns not then incorporated m nn independent and enlarged Serbia. Tin- AiiHtro-IIungarinu monarchy, be it n-membered, was still in existence. The situation ha- now narrowed down to two propositions Tin- first was drawn up by the United Suire-. Great Brituin and France on Dceemliei '., 1910; the second, on January '20, 1020. has provoked the opposi tion of President AiNon. The two schemes havo numerous re-eniblauces. Neither of them grants Fiunn- to Italy, but the second is said to bo so ih vised that Italy will be ennbled to exert considerable control over the destinies of that much -discussed town. BHIHFI.V summarized, both plans, ac cording to iepi.it. seem to sanction nu Italian mandate j.,i- Albania, Italian pos session of the vulmible strategic harbors of Pola and Valona and islands of 1'clngossa, Lussin nnd I-is.sn and free sovereignty for the port of Zara under the League of Nations. The fitst proposition, however, creates a buffer Ntate between Italy and "Jugo slavia." This fie- nation, under the league, Is to Include Hume, and will contain nbout 'JOO.OOO Jugo-Sluvs and -10,000 Italians, most of whom ar concentrated in Fiume, where they constitute the dominating rneiol element. This vtate, which will include the importunt loilway und the coast strip to Istria, will hne the "right to determine its own Into by n plebiscite." It is fore tihadowed that it will bo in sympathetic relationship with the Serbo-Croat-Slovene kingdom. Under the ccond agreement, In which the United States had no part in making, tho buffer state, it is said, will disappcur and Fiume will he created n free city under tho League of Nations, with tho right to choose its own diplomatic representatives, who pre sumably will favor Italy In their com mercial arrangements, it is intimated in somo quarters, at the expi;nso of tho Serbo-Croat-Slovene btatc. Moreover, although the railway will he retained by "Jugo-SIavia," Italy is to ncquiro a btrip of territory be tween this line and the sea, thus cutting off tho Horbn-Crout-Slovcne stute from thu ex treme littoral and presaging customs com plexities and jurisdictions nntugonisms. THE Fiume debate thus resolves itself into a question of possible doniinanco of Scrbo-Croat-SIoveno or Itallnn "Influences" rather than into n dlsputo concerning actual sovereignty by tbe governments at Belgrade or Rome. That much at least seems settled U,JLy..y,, . j&fr.yH,. "LUMBER'S SCARCE . FROM DAY TO DAY mHE rresident set Complete Letter Writer inciiiatTy'corr0. President as Instructor spondenco in his let- Congressional Literature lZTyAml Why Keep Best Sellers? might have followed, Books and "Front" "coandHaatorCy"iniettCer Those Read and Thrown Away to him. They might havo written to him some thing like Uiis : "My dear Mr. President- It wns a long time since wo had heard from you wucn wc receivvu yum uwuuius "" of the other day. It took us back to those delightful and never-to-be-forgotten days nt Paris when you would send nt intervals for your George Washington to Brest, but would always find it impossible to tear yourself away. Wc arc sorry to hear ot your ill health and of your troubles with your Sen ate. Wc all know what thnt means. Our mutual friend Nlttl wns threatened with trouble with his Senate. So wo felt compelled to do a little something for him. He held a couple of notes of ours in the shape of treaties and wn offered him a little on ac count. Don't think we were moved by any desire to ignore you. Oh, dear, no, Mr. Wilson ! When it comes to settling we shall never ignore you. And in this case, why if vou insist, Mr. Nlttl is waiting just outside with his fountain pen ready to sign the re ceipt. And how is your old Uncle Jim? And how is tho denr Colonel House? With as surances of our lasting affection. J.lojd George and Clemenceau." q q q THERE nre some who ennuot see tho amenity of the presidential style In cor- respoudence. , For instance. Europe took the President s letter, the one before the last, for an ulti matum. , Mr. Lansing probably thought it was nn ultimatum When he got n letter which rend something like this: "My dear Mr. Score jnryYou're fired. But remember that my love goes with you to the end of jour days. How is your old Uncle JimV Woodrow Wilson." But it wasn't nn ultimatum. To regard It so was much too sweeping n view. Probobly on IrUh Democratic congressman was nearer the right idea when he said. "I admire ihe President more than ever since I read his letters to Mr. Lansing." "Why?" he wns asked. "Weil, do you know, I think the President meant to be nasty nnd he wns nasty. And when a mnn wants to be nasty I ndmiro him for succeeding in being nasty. They wcro the blnnkedest nastiest letters I ever suw." Only the Irish congressman didn't say "nasty," but used n word too pungent to bo printed here. The difference between beiug and writing an ultimutuiii well, it is a renl difference. j q j THERE is a congressman fiom n border state who knows well the weakness of tbe American attitudo toward books. Ho found among his perquisites a lot of old government reports which his predeces sors had found no use for. Now every darky in his district is re ceiving n book fiom his congressman. Sambo opens his package bearing the frank and finds as evidence of how his congress man always bears him in mind a copy of the "Interstate Commerce Commission Report 1807" or "Report of the War Department 1873." But "books is books." q q j AND it is just because "books is bookd" that we fill our shelves full of best sellers. Having paid ?1.7.r or $2 for the latest bit of fiction that people aro talking about, we cannot bring ourbelvcs to throw it away. Besides, it has gilt letters on the hack, has the general shape of literature, wears a jacket like literature. And, yes und who knows but it may turu out to be llteruture? i j q INTO our nttitude townrd books, as into thnt of the border congressman's con stituents, there cutcrs a largo element of un certain. Ah in so many other things, we arc not sure of ourselves. A book Is a book. Besides, a book is furniture. We use. it to fortify our social position. Even the most temporary thinjr from the fc ,,.,, i&h&ib&, JS .lf.l $&m 24, 1920" AN' WE DRAPE THE FLAG OVER THE JTOoiSl xxxxnur. -rtv '.' '.. 1 i t o r a r y standpoint must bo capable of being furniture. Mr. Veblcn probably soys or would say thnt n library, a private library, is ono of the evidences of "con spicuous waste," by which we demonstrate to the world that we belong to the leisure class. n CI fl TTAVING most of us n certain prudence even in our "conspicuous waste" we will notpay more than a certnin price, say $2, for something to rend once, stick on our shelves and ever after say to ourselves, "Why in tho world did I ever buy that thing!" Hence the British publishers cry that with" increasing costs the novel, especially the novel published nt a venture, is becoming impossible. There is n limit to whnt the public will pay for the latest fiction. And within that limit there is not profit enough to permit the publisher to tnkc chances. q q q rTIIIE answer is ns the French have found it -- iu books made to rend and throw away. Tho French pay a higher compliment to hooks than we do by recognizing frankly that most of them aro not worth keeping. Thero is no such idea ns "books is books" in France. A novel, or a treatise, for that matter, has to win its way into the company of books wearing covers just ns its author has to win his wuy into the Academic Francnlse. Primnrily, a book is mnde to read over there ; not to stnnd on shelves as one of many imposing themselves upon the uiiinitintcd ns culture in mass formation. q q q TF YOU want a book in permanent form you may buy it bound over thero. Or if you buy a book in yellow paper covers and subsequently decide tha it is worth keeping you may have it bound to suit your own tustc or to conform to the style of jour library. Iu a Frenchman's library you do not find last year's best sellers uny more than you find lust week's newspapers. Mercifully your literary indiscretions of n few weeks ago disappear. In their yellow paper covers they cost thrco francs fifty centimes, with it "temporary majoration" of price during the war. You do not feel thnt you must keep them because they cost you $1.75 or $2. Nor do you feel that their mere presence in rows nbout a room will subdue any cue iuto the belief thnt you arc u person of wide reading and much culture uny more than would the presence of nil the all-fiction mng nziticn upon jour librnry table do so. The theory that "books is booW helps only congressmen with government leports to civo away, sectional bookcase men with additional sections to sell, and men who have themselves to sell. If it is true, as reported by a member of the Americun board of tho Congregational Church and commissioner from Albania to America, that Franco is arming Jugo-Slavs to combat Italy's expansion policy, thero is udditional reason for tho immediate fuiie tloning of tho League of Nations, Senator Penroso says Herbert Hoover Is n Wilson Democrat. Probably an error If Hoover is u Democrat at oil ho is a Hoover Democrat. ii ?!?,) wf can rcasonbly hope of the railroad bill is that, passed in haste, it mav not be repented at leisure. There seems to be equal dissatisfaction with tbo wny Philip H. Johnson draws his plnns and tho way he draws bis sulary. This is poor political weather for lame ducks. What miners, operators and consuhiers need is coalition. ... Kennt0'" Ilnrding at least demonstrated that bis Is a.boom and not merely a tinkle. K " v ' " ! MONTANA TTlAR away in old Montana, wbers the mountains reach the sky, Where tho rivers roar through canyons, aa4 tho eagles boar ou high; In a gulch beside a waterfall that tumbles down in foam; There's a little old log cabin that I've learned to call my home. When tho snow-capped mountain tops-first catch the gleam of dawn so pale, And tho sunrise clears tho mists away twin out my Httlo vale; Then I rise nnd mount a boulder, thero by reckless Nature hurled, And I drink a breath of God's pure air--, nnd feel I own tho world I For away in old Montana, when the sun is on the wane; When tho shadows fill the valleys with a purple mist again; In a gulch beneath a pino tree, 'mid the silence all alone, I've n little old log cabin that I'm pleased to call my own. Oh ! and when the sun has vanished, 6unk bencnth tho western range; And the wild night crenturcs fill tho air with savage cries and strange; Then I gaze into the heavens, nnd my mlrcl is purged of senrs For although my body's in tho gulch, my soul is with tho stnrsl ROBERT LESLIE BELLEXl. The fall of foreign exchange which brings n fall in tho price of commodities to the domestic consumer may, alas! also bring nbout a slowing up of production and a con sequent fall in wnges. Favoring breezes are sometimes ns fickle as ill winds. When tho Allies demand the Gemun war criminals tho presumption is that they nre able and ready to enforce their demand. Otherwise the seeming gesture of strength becomes a sign of dangerous weakness. What Do You Know? QUIZ 1. Who was American ambassador to Tur. key immediately preceding our sever ance of diplomatic relations with that country? 2. What Is an eponym? 3. What British general captured Jeru salem in the world war? 1. Whnt was tho Whisky Rebellion in American history nnd when did it occur? fi. How many times did William Jennlnsn Bryan run for tho presidency? 0. Which is tho higher tltlo in Great Brit ain, knight or baronet? 7. Whnt is the plural of the word dwarf? 8. What is tho difference between tho m of Switzerland and tho Red Cross flC 0. What is tbo Court of Tynwald? 10. What aro tho sovon virtues- In conrrt to tho seven deadly sins? Answers to Yesterday's Quiz 1. The calumot pipo was tho symbol el peace among the American Indians. 2. Tho Easter rebellion in Ireland occurred iu 1010. 3. Tho thermometer registered as high " 12 degrees below zero and ns low as w degrees below whllo Peary remained at tho North Pole. 4. In caso of tbo death of both King Otoift V and tho present Prince of Wales, tte British crown would bo inherited W Prlnco Albert Frederick. Ho wi born in 1805. C. A chnntry is an endowment for priest' to sing masses for a founder h sou 1, w a priests' chapel or altar so endowed. 0. Sit. Kilimanjaro is tho hitches t moun tain in Africa. Its summit ",l 20.000 feet nbovo sea lovol. lbo moun tain is in the northern part of tne former colony of East Africa. 7. John Jay wns the first chief justice of tho' United States. 8. Tho total number of men called dj I'rcsldeut Lincoln for service in civil war was 2,003,002. 0. A meter is equal to 80.8 T inch". law, Wle$lk&2&
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers