MARKETGLOOMOF - CONTAGIOUS TYPE Short-Cut Experiments Fail in Solution of Economic i Problems "a huge selling wave v.' Yorlt. Feb. 14. The EveniuR Sun In It" weekly financial review today Mjr foill street's Infinite enpaclty for . . .1.. -ni nm t tip unreal, tiir huh Vt.ncV.nii the specter, ami from the it ogicnt alliance deriving Bloom or ela Ion us the case may be, is proverbial. The mnnifeotatlon of It th week was irtstat in nil phnRcs of tbousht nnd setion. a contnqion ot depressed spirits. Liquidation in the securities market; Wrun a fortnight or more ngn, extended t nrnnortions of what some were pUseTto style n "silent panic. Varl mis renpons erc advanced for this waVe of sellinc. S"me of the faqtors were tineiblc enough, as. for example, the throw inc on this market of foreiKn ifld American shares, the closinR out f none too KtrotiRly margined domestic accounts nnd the advantage taken, of vbnth movements by the speculative cle ment with bearish lennings. Bilt these things were symptoms of the psychological. They rellected n fuller knowledge of economic nnd social problems confronting the world, without any offset of ronvincing, concrete pro grams for solution, nnd gave rise to the qiiestfon whether there enn be a definite solution which does not entail long years of tiring elTort. The present situation would seem to be the culmination of short-cut experi ments hied out in the period since ac the hostilities ceased. There is nodonger a conception of a rojaj road to rehabili tation. The world knows now thnt such a road must be built on n solid foun dation of saving and productive work The knowledge has come late; it has proved a fhnrp disillusionment ; never theless it has provided solid footing at last, although the pit may be deep and the climb upward laborious. Europe's Rig Problenl The significance of this found readier interpretation in the foreign exchnuge market than elsewhere notwithstanding that thnt market was still in n state of speculate o ebb and flw. The ex ports of the United States iu 1010 amounted to .$7.!)22.000.)00 and the im ports about half, or ?3,l)0,",000,0n0. Of this country's nearly .$8,000,000,000 in outgoing shipments, some $.1,000,000, 000 went to Europe. In return this country received Wly about $800,000, 000 from Europe. These figures represent estimates of one of the leading banks here. How long this huge balance cr,n go on piling up and by what means paid for is the question of the hour. Thtrc is not enough gold in the world to pay for It and it would not do any good if there were. Gold is a token of goods, not In itself pamcnt. It remains then thnt foreign countries must contrive to pro duce goods nnd material to pay for loods and material. It is Europe's problem to so regulate her imports as to, get the greatest good out of them in the way of re-exports. This involves a curtailment of her de mand for many things of a less essen tial nature wlucti she has been buying . !.U 1 .1 1 . , - "' "" 1 ".in n-.uuie ireraum on mis side, anil Vfturrtnrmrr lioLin mnul a.nmr4.i. t ' restricting basic requirements to iier practical needs tor the purpose m hand. This, in turn, involves a backing up in our outflow of goods nnd n conse quent d liation of commodities prices. A drop in prices has already been seen, although it is not very apparent thnt the drop has as jet reached the con sumer. It has, however, created the fear of industrial depression, and while this state of things lias served to bolster the exchanges and to accelerate liquida tion of loan accounts, it has nt the same time put an (ffeetivc damper on the itock market. To Bridge the Gulf It is the problem of the United States to provide the means for Europe to bridge the gulf between her maximum ability to do for herself nnd her need I lor Dlncini! a firm fnnt nil tlln rinA in i the normal. Hence the call made last month for an international conference. "ilie (.ignntories submit," said the etjilenu'iit nccompnnyiug the cnll, "thnt v.lu i much can be done through normnl bunking channels, the working capital reeded is too lnrge in amount nnd ,is mii'ired too quickly for such channels to ho adequate. 1lic me of opinion, therefore, that more comprehensive scheme is nec-J-Mn. It is not a question of nfford ing aid mil) to n single couhtry, or enn u single group of countries which n' allied in the war. The interests w the whole 0f Kurope and indeed of the whole world are ut stake." It wns taled thnt nny scheme should encour ' to the greatest, extent the supply ol iredit nnd tho development of trade wmiKii normal channels und thnt ns Mstanee should be given in n form Milch would lenve national and inter national trade free from the restrictive S.1,',"1 of Kovernments. Hun In outline, represents what Wall ".. f Js thinking about while it con wmpidtes its own immediate problems n ilie form of receding securities prices, money tightness reflected lu the stiin Kncy of time funds, the erratic ex iwigc.. the industrlnl outlook and so oa The stock market cannot be judged rLl'"V',r,t', IIas liquidation run tts course? was the stock question heard on fyr side in the week closing today. ,! 5 u ,,nre,I t0 commit themselves awi ' """itlnlly nn irritating ' t ) " Thc Prospect of ratification I, i, !'e mce .treat5- in the not distant ".,fl good, jet thc advices irom Washington were contradictor)' ho l '"fnf.l,bnB. 'e only handle to take S ot being the fact that the treaty Hi. s ""? ,"1 for ,,el,atc on t'"1 "or of If'"1"' on Monday next under cir- of aes iuh Kavo hom' Promise tunB.i i Tnt Wlffipi(,nt 'or the necessary two. thirds vote. Hallroad Situation Complicated caud i"1"1 situaIon was oompH- . . "J llll HMMMail l4AniAn nF n Itrke nl . oV.V"J" " "i " in n,. iii, ",r 'WMii" snopworkers 10 the Middle w0 niij i. ...!. ".."?" " "I ' "rrn ann rhn . AM.....1.. i , Mes V "M'000 raihvay flinf.fi. The , '"rector general de- red Jntiacti!Vl the matt" "'as car dent ut,c White IIoll8e- The Tresi Mthm t ""'"ter-proposals to make WW i i.mn ing the 'Ifmands of the count. r n '"'' n.ot transpire What the Cite, r "Proposals were ami the whole ffrned nfari J1" .the nub"c WB " state. ,eft in 5n Indeterminate taittrf raiIroacI legislation, the cer the ,L. s,01? enaetment by March 17 heir , f tho return f the roads to has V. lts,' seemca Vured. but this th. H? taken for wanted ever since the !w?ncnt was reached to submit the mtS;n'enc,e.,r,,port ,t0 Congress In ProvFsloni ,nf ,l,, oora'nK week. The eonf 8'ns? fuming the basis of the hi 'some aKrt'cmenit have been known with Ltime, H-"-(I 1,ave ben accepted Mm?m -r neSS frB.cful resignation, been rffVif .railra(l share values have CtriaillDagrcbsroa',,y 8,0nK Wlth the Money Situation - BM r,uf(1 V VM t0 f"8'" call "f rates, Accomniod,a,tlon was of ' GOSSIP OF THE STREET STREET CURIOUS REGARDING PRESIDENT'S LABOR VIEWS Brokers Believe Wishcd-For Turn Has Come in Stock Market. Nothing Spectacular inv Yesterdays Advance fpnEHE was n gooti deal of curiosity x shown In the financial district jes terday afternoon m to what the 1'rest dent said to the licadM of the railroad labor representatives. ' ' V"'-- ur oners Faitl it was evident that tome one hud Siven the desired itvfor mi on. as r.ailroad stocks took an 1m, n. "'"J0 "Pward turn, nnd drngged almost the whole list with them. It ""eenernlly believed Jhat whatever the President said was in favor of the tailroads. , " Many brokers said thev believed the long-wished-for turn had come to the stock market. One who was asked win no had arrived ,at that conclusion said because the rise was not confined to a few specialties, but affected so manv i.1 " "PsI(Iea tl,e ri,e w-as gradual, with nothing of the. spectacular nbout It, he said. , ' , Speaking of the, railroad situation, an Investment banker said he did not believe 'there would be any strike -or walkout, but' if the' men are so mis guided as to force anissue at this criti cal junction when the roads are on the point of being returned he would be strongly in favor of (Congress putting through a railroad bill with an anti Rtrikc clause right away! He said the farmers, who had given their opinion that no body of men like the railroad workers had n right to strike, were per fectly right. The public won't stand for It, he added. The public, he continued, have no objection to a man leaving his job If he is dissatisfied with it; nnd getting another, but when a body of men like the whole railroad workers threaten to strike if they don't get all they want, they are setting up a position that their employers cannot take themselves. He Men mentioned, ns an example, a well known railroad which went jnto bank ruptcy recently. The government, he continued, when it appointed receivers would not for one moment have permitted the stock nnd bondholders to go on strike1 and say they would not allow thei receiver to . take charge. The receiver took charge without asking their nerlnission. There are always two or three interests in any "trine which arc paramount to the cause of the real strikers awl who must be considered, he Raid. Is Stock Liquidation Complete It Was Still fin nnnn nunotlnn veW,. lay forenoon whether liquidation itr the StOCk market linfl hepn nnnmlntn.l ,,. nfif Many were of the opinion that there is a sun lower level to be reached before the turn? which ther fYntftf,l in .1.. veiop unexpectedly nnd which did laUpr n T fir n It maIicm -. a ! ..1 1L.1 -. ... f - A. . ... w.w uiuniT nuiu mm speciuuiorv, as well as those who buy for invest ment, never PXilPPt tn he nhlr. tn l-no-o when the lowest point has been reached, ftrtd usually begin to buy before the Douom nns been touched. As n mnlter of fact. It is the buying of these sea soned prophets which causes the turn when it becomes strong enough. Of course, he said, the merest tyro nt the game may and frequently does nifllfP fid rrnnrl pimcana nu llin.n mL. nA " -"- - P" ftutuavo 4.T UlUilU ,, (111 Ut in cose touch with the fluctuations and .. . i . their causes from day to day. As usual, there are quite a number who claim they see no indications of any immediate favorable turn iu the stock market. The bulls, they argued, are not going to put the market up till they are cer tain of a plentiful supply of cheap money; nnd while call rates for the last few days have been satisfactory enough. It is said there is little money in sTght. The fact remains, they claim, that there are no borrowers, or at least very few, and such being the case, even 4 per cent money would make little difference. The weakness and the nervous con dition of the stock market early yester day was said by a prominent broker to be canted largely by the closing out of fered freely enough nt rates ranging from 14 per cent to 0 per cent, but in a liquidating market the demand wns light. The finnncinl policy of the govern ment came in for a good deal of ad verse criticism as the cause for strin gent money conditions, on the ground thnt the Federal Reserve s)stcm has been used not for its legitimate func tion of financing the country'., com mercial needs, but for finunciug the government wnr nnd post -war needs nt interest rntes lower thnn the current value of money. However this muy be, it is not regarded as likely that u greut deal of improvement cnu be. brought about until the taxation system has been revised so that men of large rc bources, the normnl source of invest ment funds, can afford to invest in other than nontaxable securities. Heavy Steel Demand The feature in steel this week wns the altogether astonishing showing made by the United Stutes Steel Cor poration iu Its tonnage report for Jan uary. Unfilled orders on the books of that company totaled (l,2S.'i,000 tons for the mouth, an increase over the previous month of l,A2Q,()7t tons nnd comparing with 0,081,21)8 tons a yeur ago. These arc thc largest tonnage figures since .Innunry, 11118, nnd thc heaviest increase since thc close of 1010. The trade journals stated that finnn cial disturbances of the week did not nlfect the iron nnd steel markets, that the gnp that measures the excess of demand over supply is ns wide us ever and continues to be reflected by the iutense engerness with which buyers nre seeking material, regardless of price. Obstacles to production have been Increased by the car shortage, labor scarcity, fuel confiscation and other railroad embarrassments. Few pro ducers are reported to be operating at better than 80 per cent' of ingot ca pacity. The demand is such that price strength is a secondary consideration. CLASH OVER MINE DEVICE Workmen Deny They Opposed Oper ating Machine In Pennsylvania Washington, Feb. 14. Charges by operators that mine workers in the cen tral Pennsylvania field have opposed in troduction in the mines o( labor-saving machinery precipitated a warm contro versy yesterday before the coal strike settlement commission. Denial of the charges was, made by representatives of thc mine" "workers in that field, and Joint li. Lowis, president of the Uultcd Mine Workers, said: "The bituminous mine workers are and nlwnys have been willing to co operate with operators in the develop ment and greater use of mining ma chinery. They only ask that they be permitted to Bhare equitably with the operators in the benefits derived there from." Mine workers of the central Penn sylvania field objected to a demand by the operntors that their right to install and test new machinery be guaranteed In the working contracts, on the ground that it Inferentlally charged the work ers with being opposed to this, mrnttNOr PUBLI(TEDaiDRr--l?HlElBteLPHIA, SATURDAY, - a number of accounts, no snld that while It might be thought that all the margin calls had received attcntirTu during the last few weeks, there were quite a number who had Riirplus funds Which they were willing to rime against their belief that quotations had about reached bottom. This broker said he had been ndvisine pome of his clients to look tip the pos sibilities of some of. the issues of for eign bonds ns n good investment, but he said he referred particularly to Anglo-French 0 per cent bonds. These, he remarked, ninture. In October next. and if purchased at present figures and held till maturity will net the purchaser 12 per cent on his investment. Another broker snld iu all probability there will be n Rtilb further profit In such a transaction, as. judging from present appearances, the dollar will have appreciated 10 per cent inorevbj October, making a 22 per cent invest ment. The mnturing of this $.r00,000.000 Anglo-French loan Is looked forwnrd to bv investment houses. itJs said, ris one of the grent hnppenings'of this year. it was boated in October, lino, and nlrcadV report sajs foreign financiers are at work on plans to meet It at maturity. Financiers who have been asked their opinions on the subject ex press the utmost nnnflflnnco thnt Orent llrltnin nnd France will jointly meet the obligation. A bnnker remarked that in all prob ability the recent exodus of prominent New York finnnciers for Europe last week, of which II. P. Daison, of J. P. Morgan & Co., was one, was in nil probability in relation to these plans. This banker said that It is likely some sort of a re-funding proposition, will figAire in the settlement if the invest', ment mnrket here nt that timo proves receptee. Another bnnker remarked that per haps this talk about the people of Great Britain being appealed to bv their gov ernment for all gold used for orna mental purposes may be in anticipation of meeting this obligation. West a Good Market for Bonds Is there u market for bonds not just the usual market where any day and every day eacli house sell.Tn few bonds, but a market where whole Issues are absorbed quickly as though there were a hunger for them on the part of in vestors? The question wns put to the locnl ciivtn-uiuiivf in uiuscy, niunn cc v0, with offices iu the Land Title Itiilldinir. There is, he replied, but if It is In the r.nsi. ne said, he did not know of it. But then, is such a market in the West. Our house, he added, on Wednesday offered an issue of S2.DOO.000 first mort gage i per tent serial bonds of the American Hominv Co.. whieli Ik uell known in the West, where it has a repu- luiion ior cmuo teed, etc. At 11 o clock on ednesday morning the whole issue was largely oversubscribed. .But the bonds were mostly sold in the icst, wnere they seem to have mouey for investment. '. In fact, he added, one can always find a bond market at all times in the West. Jt doesn't fluctuate ns it does in tlie East. Of course, the East absorbs a tfreat deal more bonds than the West. he 'said, but the eastern bond business is either a feast or a famine. In the WcH it is at least steady in its demand. Subject to Change MONDAY A l'si'h". Morris & Paasyunk Av. AI.I.EOiltSNY (s) Frankfiwd and Allegheny Olive Thomas In Tho Glorious I.ady May Allison In Fair and Warmer ( AVllllam Wlnga of ' nM' and 'Thompson Bta. AnrAniA i ,. . () Robert Warwick in Jackstraw fjnesinui '" .n ".. UKI-MONT ta) r,Sd above Marhet St. . Bryant Washburn Too Much Johnson ntx'Kiunn ' Broad & Suaiuehanna Ave. (e) Douglas MacLoin In 23V Hours leave HKOAmVAY Itroad and 3nyder Ave. (a) nich Hardlnir DaUs's Soldiers of Fortune CAI'ITOI, , 7:U Market (a) Elsie Janls in Tho Imp CKD B GOth St. () Sessue Hmakaua In Tho Beggar Prince and ledar Ave. nil ISEUM "li'rket Bet. 60U and 60th. Charles Red Hot COl ONIAT. ' () atn. and Mapleviwod Aveg. Eugene O'Brien In The Broken Melodj EMPKES8 Main St., M Manayuak. Rich. Harding Dai la's Soldiers of Foriune GUREKA 40th and ftlarket Sty). David Teeth of FAMILY 1311 Market St. (a) Star Cast In When Bearcat Went Dry FAinMOONT , ' 26th St. and Olrardt (a) William Ave. Wings of TOANKFOED 4718 Frankford Ave. (a) Mary Heart FRANKLIN Third and Fltiwater Sta,. (a) Clara Kimball Young Ejes of Youth BOTH ST. THEATRE Below Spruce St. (a) Fairbanks tho Clouds CJREAT NORTHERN Broad St. at Krle Ave. (a) William Wings of LMI'ERIAL ,,.. 00th and Walnut Sta. a May Allison In Fair and Wnrmer JEFFERSON 20th and Dauphin Sta. All - The JUMBO FrontSt. (a)' and Glrard Ave, Bert I.stell In Lombardl Ltd LEADER . 41st and Lancaster Ave. (a) ' Bnant 'The Six IJHEKTY ,.,. Broad and Columbia Ave. Harry T. The Birth LOCUST B2d and Locust Sta. (a) Hobart Bosworth tn Behind the Door SLtRKET 8T. THEATRE 333 Market St. (a) Emlla Chautard'a Mystery Yellow Room Clara Kimball Young Kjes of Youth MODEL 429 South St. () () 52dand Market Sta. OVERHROOK 03d and llaverford Ave. (a) Stir Cast In Male and Female PALACE , 1214 Market St. (a) Talmadgft In A Daugh ter of To Worlds PARK Ridge Ave. & Dauphin St. Douglas1 Fairbanks When Clouds Boll By PRINCESS, . . 1018 Market St. (a) Someone REOENT Market St. below 17th. (a) Marguerite All or RIALH) , , , atn. at Tulpehocken (a) Oladys Hutctto In High Speed RIVOLI &2d and Sansom Sta. (a) Rtar Cast Where Love ItUllY Market (a) Mitchell Faith of St below 7th 8AVOV 1211 Market St. (a) Ethel The 13th STANLEY Market above 18th (a) Viola Dana The Willow Tree) STRAND (a) Qermantown Ave, at Venango Vlarguerlte Clark n All of a Sudden PesKy VICTORIA Market St. (a) Alice above Ninth Shou d a Woman Tell"! Irene Castle In , The Invisible Bond ' WEST ALLEGHENY 26th and Allegheny BEQUESTS TO MINISTERS Six Mennonlte Pastor. Remembered In Ml.. Bare'. $100,000 Will Yorlt, Ia Feb. 14. Six ministers of ( the Mennonlte Church receive be quests In the will of Miss Anna Bare, late of Hanover, filed yesterday In the office ,bf Itegistcr Melsenhcldcr here. Two hundred dollars Is given to each of the fdlowlng ministers: Theodore Forry,, Ileubeu Bare, Harry II. Ioosc. Daniel Stum?., Clayton Miller this county, nnd the successor of Mnrtiu Whlslor, Mummnsbtlrg, Adams county. Mr. Stump is given an additional $1000 and his wife $100. Mr. Stump Is named as executor. The tenants od two fafns owned hv Miss Bare. Daniel Stnuffrr. Miers farm, and Charles Miller. limit- I sill farm, are each given $1000. The estate is valued at $100,000. Trotsky Tortured Officers of Czar Continued from rase One have two guardian nngcls constantly at his side.' With these words lie pointed significantly to the Letts of his bod) guard, who were linca up behind him. "This is how I came to serve the Bolsheviks, and thousands of old offi cers have been pressed Into Trotzky s army in exactly the same way. Forced to Serve Bolshevists "It has caused surprise that officers thus forced into'lhc Bolshevik service should have proved efficient military in structors and leaders, but in rcali'y this is not ro strange as it seem. The knowledge thnt they arc under constant secret surveillance nnd that their fam ilies nnd friends nrc hl'ld by the Bol sheviks ns hostages for their Ioynlty parol) zos their personal initiative. In the accustomed routine of mili tary life they grndunlly grow more or less reconciled to their lot nnd, be ing fntnlistlc Russians, they tell them selves that it is best to take things ns they nrc nnd to escnpe misery and starvation by punctually carrying out their regimenlnl duties. "The Bolsheviks, moreover, seek to demoralize these nnfortunato men by granting them lavish pay nnd cmolit8 ments of all sorts, nnd thus mnny of them finally degenerate into unprin cipled mercenaries like Trotzky's Ger man, Huiignrian nnd Chinese prctor ians. It is also n fact that the aggres sively imperialistic policy of the soviet dictators appeals to the patriotic feel ings ot the old llussian omccrs, who justify their acceptance of commands in the Red army bv saving thnt while .the Bolshevik regime Cannot last for ever, they are at any rate lighting to reconquer the Ukraine, Poland, Lithu ania and the Caucasus, nnd helping to reconstitute Peter the Grent's dismem bered empire. Trotzlty Calls Them "Radishes" "The aoviet dictators, of course, know perfectly well that the vast ma jority of their officers have no sym pathy whateer for communism nnd are at bct but fatalistic opportunists; Trotsky facetiously calls them 'rad ishes,' because they are Red outside and white nt the core. Indeed, very few genuine Bolshevik adherents or sympnthizers nre to be found -amongst the officeis of the Red army, and these nrc almost without exception Letts. Cases of promotion from the ranks to n commission nre ns rare under Trot zky's rule as they were in the czar's time." My informant gives a vivid account of Trotzk)'s military activities and the personality of his chief ml'itary advisers. "It is futile to deny that Trotsky SEE ANNOUNCEMENT DAILY IN THE PUBLIC LEDGER AND EVENI NG PUBLIC LEDGER PHOTOPLAY PRESENTATIONS FOR WEEK OF FEBRUARY 16 TO FEBRUARY 21 TUESDAY Olive Thomas In The Glorious Lady May Allison In Talr and Warmer Farnum In tho Morning William Farnum In Wings of the Morning Robert Wnrwlck In Jackstraw Bnant Washburrr Too Much JohnBon Ethel Claton In 13th Commandment Rich. Harding Davis's Soldiers of Fortune Elsie Janls In Tha Imp Sessuo Hayakana in The Beggar Prince Ray In Dollara Charles Rav In Red Hot Dollars Eugene O'Brien In The Broken Melody Rich Harding Dals's Soldiers of Fortune Powell the Tiger David Powell Teeth of the Tiger Dorothy Dalton In Gamble In Souls Farnum In Alice Brady In The Fear Market, Mary Anne the Morning Plckford In o' tho Hills Marv Plckford In Heart o' the Hills Clnra Kimball Young Eses of Youth In When Roll By Fairbanks In When the Clouds Roll By The Farnum In the Morning William Farnum In Wings of the Morning May Alllnn In Fair and Warmer star Cast 'Westerners Robert Warwick Tree of Knowledge Oeraldlne Farrar In Maria Rosa Washburn In Best Cellars nnant Washburn In The Six Best Cellars Morrev In of a Soul Norman Kerry In Soldiers of Fortune Gloria Male Hobart Bosworth In Behind the Door Emile Chautard'a Myaterv Yellow Room Emlle Mystery Clara Kimball Young . Eyes of Youth W. Kerrigan in Live Sparks J. W Kerrigan In Llvo Sparks Star Cast In Male and Female Talrnadge In A Daugh ter of Two Worlds Douglas Fairbanks When Clouds Roll By Star Cast In When Bearcat Wept Dry Anita The Must Pay ', Clark In Marguerite Clark In AJt of a Sudden Peggy SudVlen Peggy Dorothy Dalton In Flame of the Yukon Mary Heart In '.Romany Rifts Wild Star Cast In Romans Where I.oe Buns wild Lewfe In the throng Monroe Salisbury In The Phantom Melody Clayton I in Commandment Ruth Clifford In The Amazing Woman Viola Dana The Willow Tree Marguerite Clark In All of a Sudden Peggy esy Lake 'In 1 Alice Lake In Should a Woman Tell? Sessue llayakawa In The iiiustnc rrlnce has real orgnnlzatory talent," be says, "but the Napoleonic airs ho gives' himself arc rather ridiculous) Although he was never a soldier, he appears in uniform and on horseback at parades In Moscow, where he pins crosses of the 'legion of the revolution,' the Bol shevik military decoration, on the breasts of his soldiers, for all the world like another 'little corporal.' nnd present, regiments that have dis tinguished themselves at the front with embroidered Red (lags. Real Strategist Employed "However, he has sense enough to realize that he is not a great strate gist, and he leaves the conduct of mil itary "operations to competent special ists. Foremost amougst these is still the LcttVacctls, who until recently was cominaudcr-in-chicf of all the Red armies. "Vacetis is a remarkable military adventurer nnd for a long time bis pcrsonnlit was shrouded in n good Henl of ni)8 cry. He wns n colonel on the staff of the Grand Duke Nicholas Nieoloievltch, and nt one time played a prominent role In the councils of that commander, lie is credited not ably with hnvlng drawn up the plans for the first offenshe ngalust Austria which carried the Russian army into the henrt of Gnliciu nnd resulted in the capture of Lcmberg.. On later occasions, his advice was not followed nnd he became a notorious malcontent. Being very ambitious, he readily es poused the Bolshtvik cause as a means of achieving his pergonal uims. "In nil military mnttcrs Trotzky, nnd even the new nominal commander-in-chief, Kameneff, are completely domi nated by Vacetis.. who is the real stra tegic genius of the Red army and is now personally directing its operations against Denikine In southern Russia. His headquarters as commander-in-chief were at Arzamas, near ICasan, and it wus there that I first saw him. Trot7liy's Eye on Commander "He is a strikiug-looklng man, with a round, dean-shaven face, thick lips, and a pquare jaw. Many people believe that he is secretly pursuing ambitious schemes of his own, and this is probably the reason why Trotzky considered it advisable to take thi supreme command from him and to give it, at least nomi nally, to Kameneff, one of the regular Bolshevik commissaries. "Other notable Red commanders who previously held high rank in the czar's army are Antonoff, a veteran of the Russo-.Tnpauese wnr. nnd Stupln, who defeated General Pctliurn nnd captured Kiev Inst summer. It is n remarkable fact thnt the Bolsheviks themselves have produced no prominent military leaders. Een Sorokin. wlio u.se,l to be a school teacher, and who commanded the Red forces in northern Caucasus got his military training and first rose to high rank in the czar's army during the world war. Red Army Numbers 1,000,000 The present total strength of the'lled armies is estimated by mv informant. at somewhat more than 1.000,000 men. This is bv no means n lnrire force, con sidering the vnst area over which it is distributed. The backbone of the army are the Lett, Hungarian and Chinese mercenaries, who constitute a sort of pretorian guard on which Leninc nnd Trotzkv cnu absolutely rely. There are about no. 000 Letts and Hungnrinns, the Intter being former prisoners of wnr ano the same number of Chinese, who are coolies formerly imported by the czar's government during the wnr. But the bulk of the Red army is raised by compulsory enrollment, and consists of, workmen and peasants. "The workmen generally prove bet ter soldiers than the peasants," de clares my informant, "becnuse the con. ditions under which they nrc forced to live and work in the great cities undoc soviet rule arc so depressing that military life seems a welcome change. "While the industrial workers, in WEDNESDAY THURSDAY Olhe Thomas In The Glorious Lady Tom Mix In The Feud May Allison fn Fair and Warmer May Allison In Fair and Warmer Will Rogers in Almost a Husband Henry B Walthall The Boomerang Robert Warwick In Jackstraw Robert Wnrwlck In Jarkstraw Bryant Washburn Too Much Johnson Marguerite Clark All of a. Sudden. Peggy Charles Rav in Red-Hot Dollars Star Cast In Checkers Rich Harding Dals's Soldiers of Fortune Brant Washburn In The Six Best Cellars Elsie Janls In The Imp Elsie Jnnls In The Imp Erjant Washburn In The SK Best Cellars Brvint Washburn In Tho Six Best Cellar? Anita Stewart in The Combat Anita Stewart In The Combat ' Eugene O'Brien in The Broken Melody Tom Moore In The Gay Lord Quex William Russell In Sacred Silence William Tarnum In Wings of the Morning Bessie Barrlscale Beckoning Roads B Warner, Fugitive Trom Matrimony Charlotte Walker In Eve In Exllo Tom Santschl In City of Purple Dreams Miles Mlnter In of Green Gables Rich Harding Dals's Soldiers of Fortune Sessue Haakawa In The Illustrious Prince Sessue Hnakawa In Tho Illustrious Prince Leah falrd In Thi Capitol J W Kerrigan In The Joyous Liar Rex Reach's Qlrl From Outside Dorothv Dalton In Thii Weaker Sex William Farnum In wings of the Morning May Allison In Fair and Warmer May Allison In Fair and Warmer Oliie Thomas In The Glorious I.ady Mary Miles Mlnter Anne of Green Gables Eugene O'Brien 11 roken Melody Maurlcn Tonrne'ir's the Broken Butterfly Maurice Tourneur'a the Broken Buttertls Douglas Fairbanks In When Clouds Roll By Douglas Fairbanks In When Clouds Roll By Swansnn In and Female Gloria SwMnson In Male and Female Hobart Bosworth In Behind the Door Hobart Bosworth In Behind the Doer Chautard's Yellow Room Lew Cody In The Beloved Cheater Clara Kimball Young .Eyes of Youth All-Star CaBt S-oMlera of Fortune W. Kerrigan in Live Sparks Christie Comedy Wh Men Go Wild Clara Kimball Young Eyes of Youth Clara Klmbill Young Ees of Youth Talmadge in A Daugh ter of Two Worlds Talmadge In A Daugh ter ot Two Worlds Blllle Rurke Wanted A Husband Clara Kimball Young Ees of Youth Stewart In Juggernant The Mystery of the Yellow Room Marguerite Clark In All of a Sudden Peggy Marguerite Clark In All of a Sudden Peggy Plckford In o' the Hills Maurice Tourneur'a Victory Star Cnst In Romanv Where Love Runs Wild Star Cast In Romany Where I.oe Runs Wild Ruth Clifford In Tha Amaslng Worn a n D. Ma.'Lean In What's Your Husband Doing? Dorothy Glsh tn Betty o' Grestone Marguerite Marsh in The Hellion Vlola Dana The Willow Tree Viola Dana The Willow Tree . .Marguerite Clark In All or a Sudden Peggy Sessue llaakawa In The Beggar Prince Alice Lake In Should a Woman Tell? Alice I.ake In Should a Woman Tell? Viola Dana, In Please Or Married Viola Dana In Vleaae Oft Married F&RUARY 14 1 spite, ot their ostensible political prlvl leges arc often half starved, the Red soldiers ore usually well-fed and cloth ed, for Trotzky makes every effort to keep the array adequately (supplled. Consequently many workmen enlist and they nre inclined to be willing nnd contented recruits, "Not so thoj pensnnts, who have plenty of food of their own and only want to be left in peace to work their farms. Conscription Resisted "The rountrv neonle stubbornly re sist conscription and the Bolsheviks are forced to send troops into the vn lnees to seize the men liable to mill tar.v service by force. As this to not alwu)s prnrticnblc, the orders of mobil ization issued by Trotzky in Moscow remain u dead letter in numerous coun try districts. "This explains bow it is possible thnt the Bolsheviks nrc at present re duced to the necessity of mobilizing youths pf seventeen and eighteen, while they have but a million men of the older classes under nrms The peas ants form the most unreliable9 clement of the Red army nnd even when they do not desert to the enemy they nre Continually trying to mnke their es cnpe in order to return to their forms. The Russinn pensfint, never warlike, has had more than enough lighting "Generally snenklnc the Red armv does nob differ materially today in spirit nnd organization from the old imperial . ..I, .,!.. i1 1 ..!..l army of the czars. Trotzky has suc ceeded in doing what Kcrensky failed to achieve lie hns abolished the demor alizing soldiers' councils and re-established the ncnaltv of death. Soldiers guilty of cowardice and insubordination are mercilessly shot. I myself have re peatedly seen Red infantry driven for ward to the nttnek by machine-gun fire from their renr. This barbarous method wns frequently employed during the wnr both by Germnns nnd Russians nnd Trotzky has adopted it without hesi tation. Many German Drillmasters "The comparatively good discipline of the Red army is also in a great measure due to the presence in Its ranks of numerous Germnn noncommissioned of ficers. These Germans, who were pns oners' in Russia at the outbreak of the revolution, receive very high pay and enjoy privileges which maKe them ex- iruiiitiv LatLT in serve life jjuiaucvifto. They are used to instruct the recruits te a: J.l&&s$ffi&& army always suffered greatly through lack of competent instructors of non commissioned rank, the Red forces nre amply supplied with energetic nnd ex perienced 1'russian drllimasterH, w-no know exactly bow to lick the unwieldy Russian recruits into shape. "In other respects, however, it is a great mistake to apply western stnnd nrds to the mllltnry operations now go ing on in Russia. The opposing forces arc scattered over an immense terri tory, and there are' scarcely ever as many as 100,000 men engaged on both sides in battle. Even of these hnlf nrc generally irregulars, who do much loot ing but little fighting. The fighting be tween the Bolsheviks nnd their adver- saties often degenerates into mere guer rilla warfare on n large scale. There fore, fluctuations in the fortune of war ie frequent and sudden, but rarely of decisive importance. Shortage of Ammunition "The Bolsheviks have been hnndi enpped for a long time by shortage of ammunition. In spite of their despotic measures. Lenine and Trotsky encoun ter great difficulties in getting the workmen of the munition factories to work. Until now the Red army has been chiefly supplied with ammunition from the immense stocks accumulated during the last months of the czar's regime. These supplies nre still suffi cient to supplement the output of the munition factories for six months more, but then they will be exhausted if mill- FRIDAY SATURDAY Tom Mix In The Feud Tom Mix In The Feud May Alllpon In Fair and Warmer May Allison In Fair and Warmer Owen Moore In Piccadilly Jim Eugene O'Brien In The Broken Melody Robert Warwick in Jackstraw Robert Warwick ; Jackstraw Marguerite Clark All of a Sudden, Peggy Marguerite Clark All of a Sudden. Peggy Norma Talmadge In Isle of Conquest Star Cast In Checkers Rrant Washburn in The HI Best Cellars Bryant Washburn in The falx Best Cellars Elsie Janls In Tha Imp Elsie Janls In The Imp Charles Ray In Red Hot Dollars Charles Ray In Red Hot Dollars D MacLean In What's Your Husband Doing? D MacLean In What's Your Husband Doing' Tom Moore In 'I he Gay Lord Quex Tom Moore In The Gay Lord Quex William Farnum In Wings of the Morning Glad)s Brockwelt In Chasing Rainbows Sessue Haakawa The Ull.Etrlous Prince Mabel Normand Jinx Chautard s Mstery of the Yellow Room Anita Stewart In The Juggernaut D MacLean in What's Your Husband Doing7 Sessue Hayakawa In 1 The Beggar Prince I D MacLean in What's Your Husband Doing? D MacLean In What's Your Husband Doing" Dolores Casslnelll Web of Deceit Karle Williams In The Fortune Hunter Clara Kimball Young Ees of Youth Clara Kimball Young Eyes of Youth May Allison In rlr and Warmer May Allison In Fair and Warmer Olive Thomas In The Glorious Lady Olte Thomas In The Glorious Lady E. K Lincoln Desert Gold Owen Moore Plradllly Jim Slla Braemer In M Husband's Other Wife Viola Dana In Please Get Married D MacLean In What a Your Husband Doing? D MacLean In What's Your Husband Doing' Miriam Cooper in Enngellne Miriam Cooper In Evangeline Hobart Bosworth In Behind tho Door Hobart Bosworth In Behind the Door Lew Cody In The Beloed Cheater Lew Cpdy In The Beloed Cheater All-Star Cast Soldiers of Fortune All-Star Cast Soldiers of Fortuen Christie Comedy Vhy Men On Wild Christie Comedv Why Men Go Wild Dolores Casslnelli In The Right to Lie Sessue Haakawa In Tho Beggar Prince Talmadge In A Daugh ter of Two Worlds Talmadge In A Daugh ter of Two Worlds Clara Kimball Young Kjes of Youth nthel Clajton I3th Commandment Dorothy Dalton In Gamble In Souls William Tarnum Wings of the Morning Marguerite Clark in All of a Sudden Peggy Marguerite Clark In All of n. Hudden Peggy Richard Hiadlng Dai Is' Soldiers of Fortune Lmlle Chautard's Msler of Yellcnv Boom Star Cast In Romany Where I.oe Runs Wild Star Cast In Romany Where I.oe nuns Wild Marguerite Marsh tn Tha Hellion Charlotte Walker K In Dxlle Bessie Barrlscale In Luck of Oeraldlne Lair Harry Carey In Marked Men Viola Dana The Willow Tree Viola Dana The Willow Tree Sessue llasakawa In The Beggar Prince Sessue Haakawa In The Beggar Prince Alice Lake In Should a Woman Tell? Alice T.ake In Should a Woman Telll Hobart Bosworth In Behind tha Door Hobart Bosworth In Behind tho Door tarr Alterations nre not interrupted. For this reason and many others Lcnlno is anxious to obtain a breathing space by concluding a temporary armistice with his adversaries. , "The successes of the Red army nre, In my opinion, chiefly due to tho fact that it has Inrgcr reserves of mnn power upon which to draw, nnd thnt it holds a central strategic position which facilitates the dispatch of re-enforcements and supplies to any partic ularly menaced point. Could Not Withstand Western Troops "But It is absolutely certain that tho Red regiments would never stand for nn instant against western troops, nnd thnt Trotzky's mllltnry machine would bnve rollnnsed lone nco if the Allies had been able to Rend nn efficient rinedltlonnrv force, to Russia. For a long time Trotzlty was naunicn ov me drend of this Intervention, for he knew perfectly well thnt a western army of 200,000 men would have sufficed to take Moscow and annihilate soviet rule. "The mllltnry strength of the Bol sheviks is rooted not so much In their own power ns in the impotence of the western governments to net ngniust them. The Russinn soviet republic is todhy in nbout the same situation ns Germany during the last year of the war Its military successes nrc para lysed hv Its economic collapse. For the o'nly positive nehtevement of these 'com imunists,' who owe their advent to power lo their nromise to bring the Russian 1 1 ,U. .......1-t..., f people peuce, ll-s urril hi,' ririiiiun ui a grent nrmv, on which their dictntor sliin 1r hased. nnd thus, nt a time when the entire civilized world is striving to realize disarmament. Lenine and Trotzky have revived militarism in its most dnngerous form." Such is the account given me of the Rod army nnd its lenders by this ex Bolshcvik officer, who has certainly en joyed exceptional opportunities for obtnining accurate information. His story seems to me to merit nttention at a time when the western world to puzzled by the sudden reverses of Kol- Hpeflal yotlcea Office of INSUBANCK CO. or NOnTIT AMERICA 3d nnd Walnut sts. l'blladelpliln 'ebruarv 1 lnsn. At a meeting of the atockhoK m held Friday. Sh.q?blaire.,Ba.t,?f 55! mPany from 4,ooo.ooo to fs.000,000. At a ''. JX'Xu.rZ i...j. IiriU mm ...- -.-... .... , nnsoLvnD, Each atockholder of record new atock on account of every four (4) hares held. The amount to be paid for each ehare ahall be twenty dollars (120). ten dollara (110) of which Fhall be placed to capl tal and ten dollars (UO) added to tho surplus of the company. Warrants will be mailed February 21, 1020 " ' JOHN IOIEMER. Secretary. Dlvldenda (JSS AT A REGULAR .MEETING OF THE ,L3' board of directors of the United Auto Stores lnc . held Saturday February 7. 11120. a dividend of 29e on the preferred stock was declared, liable to stockholders of record December'l 1U1II. and a dlildend of 2 on the preferred stock to stockhold era of record February 21. Mill both na- able March 1. VjJXBiM Treasurer. efn.jssi- u 'T'i.fW t ntr Axrr. ni'itivn 1X"Vv1i7 .lAlls'noi' ' i UiaLlLlU ijuiirui.AUU Fort Worth, Texas The hoard of directors has declared regular monthly divmena or i: per cent 12) to all stocKnoiaera ei rjjeura on reoruary lev. 1920 Dividend checks hae ben mailed HE GKANVn.r.K, SfCTPtarv STEAMSHIP NOTICES rassenger 'and Freight Services Vcitalia Philadelphia to London Feb. 17 Navarino Philadelphia " Antwerp Feb. 19 SAX0NIA NEW YORK " PLYMOUTH, HAMBURG & LONDON.. FEB. 21 Netherpark Philadelphia " LWtrpool Feb. 23 Chipana Philadelphia " London Feb. 25 Doonholm Philadelphia Valdura Philadelphia K. A. Victoria New York Carmania New York Imperator New York Royal Gcorje New York Colombia New York Vennonia Philadelphii Manretania New York Saxonia New York Pannonia New York K. A. Victoria New York Carmania New York Royal Georje New York Manretania New York Columbia New York Caronia New York Imperator New York " " " " " " For Later Sailing Apply to 1300 WALNUT STREET. PHILADELPHIA GREEN STAR LINE GREEK-ADRIATIC PORTS Piraeus, Salonica and Trieste Other ports as inducements offer. We will start receiving cargo at Pier 78 South Feb. 16 for American Steel Steamer "ZAREMB0" Sailing from Philadelphia FURTHER SAILINGS American Steel Steamer "HAZELHURST" . .About March 20 For Further Particulars Apply CHAS. KURZ & CO., Inc., Agents 10th Floor, Drexel BIdg , Phila. Phone: Lombard S104 Main 11?n SOUTH AMERICAN 1 U 1 HE LANDS WHERE IT'S SUMMER NOW FOR BUENOS AYRES. MOCCASIN (a), 8,000 tons displacement. March 10 FOR RIO JANEIRO, SANTOS, MONTEVIDEO AND BUENOS AYRES e EARN-LI1VJE: HOLLAND flMERJM Incorporated 1891 V LINE U. b. Shipping Board Meel Meameri General Cargo Regular Service Philadelphia Manchester SS "West Bridge". . .Loading Philadelphia Havana SS "Lake Galera" . . .Loading SS "Coquina" Feb. 20 For rates and particulars apply to Earn-Line Steamship Co. 139 South Fourth St. PHILADELPHIA, PA. 17 cbnk nnd Denlklii, and when H 1 wllderment in being adroitly exploited bv tho Bolsheviks to lure it into a trtt!-", ctdnl pence. EXPRESS & TRUCKING, BUSINESS FOR SALE (New York and llrooklrn) Tno Curs nnd Two Tnirkm dolnit rood liintliieofil have my onn liousri will mil or rent name. Real enuae for Bellini tdekneu. AMtnn 0 4Jn Ifdr oract. FIRM OP CONSULTING ENGINEERS who InventUtnte bunlneBri promotion. apJ prnlfio plantd. report earning power and. reeommnd riann pf necurltlen to lnnn,i open omces In Philadelphia, shortly and, d"lfCnc'l'."t.'-ixi,nr.K nrnm HOME VICTOR WATER HEATER FOR COAL Ntw principle! constant frap plr: 24 to .0 sallo, lc. rteata radtetora. too. There la notk tne Jut aa food. Free Book. Reeves Stove 38 & Foundry Co. So. 2nd PETRONITE Composition Floors Quickly solve tho question of bath., kitchen, laundry and store floors Last forever. Sanitary, beautiful, economical. Immediate service, day or night. Phila. Rep Factory 531-533N.9thSt Phila., Pa. ' Market 4228. A. R. Rosia ,2315 Walnut Spruce 5415 Salesmanship Salesmen are needed eerywhere. New companies are forming old concerns nre expanding and reaching out into new territory. Now Is the time to sret tn the selling game. Training Is neces sary You must know how to sell In order to make good New sprint? class starts Friday, Feb ruary 20, 7.30 p. m. Expert Instruc tion. tee3 moderate. Details on re- Suest. A few free scholarships for ilscharged Serlce Men. YMCA Central Branch, 1421 Arch St. n t i , wnTJWt SiWllICSWNHKK M HLJ FAUCETS iiiv. nuiip o, iifi. .o npiiimi or unp. xo I complete without them. roMt.Te Its whut-olT-aies vintrr. Ask jour plumber ' or nimirn nwnn-nrcK laurtm. THOS. SAVILL'S SONS 1310 WALLACE STREET STEAMSHIP NOTICES Bristol (Avonmouth) -. . .Feb. 28 Antwerp Feb. 2S 3 nrmootb, Cherbourg and Liverpool. ...mar. 2 Plymouth, Cherbourg and Liverpool. .. .Mar, Cherbourg and Southampton Mar. Plymouth, Havre and Southampton Mar. Londonderry and Glasgow Mar. London Mar. Cherbourg and Southampton Mar. Plymouth, Havre and London Mar. 30 " Patras, Dubrovnik and Trieste Mar. 31 " Liverpool Apr. 3 "Liverpool Apr. 6 " Plymouth, Havre and Southampton Apr. 14 " Cherbourg and Southampton Apr. 17 " Londonderry and Glasgow Apr. 17 " Plymouth, Cherbourg and London Apf. 17 " Cherbourg and Southampton May 1 PASSENGER SERVICE CALLAO (a). ' 12,000 tons. March IS ??,ATi1AuWASH,NGTON W- 15 tons. March 30 HURON (b). 17,000 tons. April 20 (a) 1st Class only, (b) 1st, 2d and 3d Class. tor pas'afft rates and other particulars apply to anu 1'asxtngtr Aprnci or to MUNSON STEAMSHIP LINE rassenger Department. HJ.irl heaver St., New Yejck. NEW YORK Jo RnTTFimAM Via Plymouth & Boulogne-Sur-Mer 1S.S, New Amaterdtim Feb am Feb si. Apr. 3, Alar u Apr 17, . A,ur ?. M"y 1. nirtlier Infuriuntlo 1. Apr. 3, May IS n.?. CNouruam, H. S. Kotlerdani Juna in ror rutrM iinu riiriiir nfiiraini... u.i. ui.a.iiirf nflli lilVU r.l-". :i""....,.'F" "--' - - i nm ii ni.. a-niiA. Java Pacific Use Ulrert Krrrlee .Nan :rant'lsta , i NETHERLANDS ! M i EAST INDIES l'aat Carre Line i. V. Hnreeklf. a, ljroa. Co.. Oen. AirU. 3 I'lm ML, Han 1'ranclfKo nefv iprw iimrp, 17 im i f err nae State Bank of Philadelphia Fifth and Bainbridge Sta. STEAMSHIP TICKETS u a 4i S" a ft e.f 8 e 9 13 18 20 t.rt.weolbi'tort MhTbltlofc (,) b""n P'ClUr" thrUeh th"8TANLET COMPANY OF AM EIllCA. which 1. a guarantee of early ahowlnu ot th. finest production.. All pictures I ' V '4 1 AhVa, .f)t)-Jl3. wwm
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers