WtVPt-Vv fiH',,' - sr5 V' !(M 'l 'r Vr ,?, v :i EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER PHILADELPHIA', TUESDAY, AUGUST 19, 1919 IS SENATORS President Agrees tO Interpretations !" "'Ivantase of seeing paper by .General Smuts, of South Africa, who .fonUntiKl from Tnie On .1. . dent snld the action contemplated would i rest entirely on n moral obligation. vStf&t ,nd8nenrmanyawa;Vhn0o,,,UKa 'member of the lengue of nations. nmendments to the league covenant m-ould not be submitted to her. and she iVould not hnve to give her consent, me rreaineni sain : "I will admit that that point had not occurred to me. No,- she would not." Disagrees With Lansing Mr. Wilson daid he disagreed with Ij Uip opinion given the committee by Sec- reiary iansmg mat .tapan wouia nave aigned the treaty regardless of whether It contained the Shantung provision. To a query aa to what sovereignty Japan retained in Shantung the Presi dent replied 'She had not ictained sovereignty over anything. I mean she has promised t in Konntnr ttnmh lifts nslcpd whether this understanding was oral or otherwise. I do not like to describe --- --- , I.' the operation exactly If it is not per fectly discreet As a matter ot tact tnis was technically oral, but literally writ ten and formulated, and the formula tion agreed upon." When is the return to be made?" asked Senator Johnson "That was left undecided, but we I were assured at the time that it would I be as soon as possible." "Did ncft the Japanese decline to fix any date?" "They did at that time, jes: but I i think it is fair to them to hay they could not at thnt time say when it would be." r Says Japan Won't be Master Senator Johnson hsked whether the economic privileges retained would not give Japan "a fair mastery" over the province. The President replied that while he did not feel qualified to judge, be would regard that as "an exaggera tion view." In answer to Senator Knox the Presi dent said he believed a league of na tions would have prevented Japan from spreading her influence as she has over Manchuria and Korea Senator New thought Japan's promise "indefinite" nnd oompnrnble to "Eng land's occupation of Malta " The President declined to comment on the question, but added that Japan's agree ment had been recorded in the .dailj procea verbal kept by the council of four. I-odge Questions President After the President hnd delivered his statement, Senator Lodge said : "Mr. President, so far as I am per sonally concerned and I think I rep-j resent perhnps the majority of the com mittee in thnt respect we have no. thought of entering upon arguments ns to internretntions nr nnlnts nf tlmt char- I'acter: but the committee was verv desirous of getting Information on cer tain points which seem not clear and on which they thought information would be of vnluc to have in consideration of 'those general clauses. I did that be the treaty which they, I think I may! rniisc I coveted the moral advantage ay for myself nnd others, desire to 'that that would give us in the counsels I hasten in everv nossible wav. I of the world." f"Your reference to the necessity of I . ,-, ... ... .. . Action leans me to n&K one question, ii'menn we woum claim unuiniK ni m- p have to restore peace to the world pinking of the Lusitania?" it Is necessary. I assume, that there I THE PRESIDENT "Oh. so. Thnt jehould be treaties with Austria. Hun-did not cover questions of thnt sort at igary, Turkej nnd Bulgaria. Thos'nll." 'treaties are all more or less connected1 The President added thnt pre-war with the treaty with fiermany. The claims were not covered by the repa- question I should like to ask is, the prospects nre of 'receiving treaties for action?" German Treaty is Model THE PRESIDENT "I think it is ery good, sir, and so far as I can THE PRESIDENT "By the com judge from the contents of the dispatches mission." from my colleagues ou the other side of1 Senntor Lodge asked If there had the water, the thief delay Is due to the been any recommendations by American uncertainty ns to what is going to hap-naval authorities as to whether the pen to this treaty. Cnited States should have one of the "This treaty is a model of the others. Lndrone, Caroline or Marshall Islands I saw enough of the others before I left for naval purposes. Paris to know that they are being .. framed upon the same set of principles,1 ncr "far" r an nd that the treaty with Germany is the THE PRESIDENT "There was a model. 1 think thnt is the chief elc-lPoP" on that subiett. senator, which ment of delay, sir." I has been published I only pnrtlally BENATOR LODGE "They are not ' remember it. It wn. n paper laying 'legardeif ns essential to the cniisidern !ollt ,h general necessities of our nnvnl tion of this treaty?" policy in the Pocific. nnd the necessity , THE PRESIDENT "They are not of hnvlng some base for communica- regarded as such ; no, sir ; they follow Hon upon those islands was mentioned, this treaty." just in what form I do not remember. SENATOR LODGE "I do not know y1"1 et m..w,,:T ,nlf : Th,r " '"tle bout the other treaties, but the treaty ' I with Poland, for example, has becu completed?" THE PRESIDENT "Yes, and signed ; but it in dependent upon this ' treaty. My thought yvas to submit it upon the action on this treaty. Senator Lodge then asked whether the President could show the committee the tentative league-of-nations drafts sub mitted by tircnt ilrltaln, trance and Italy. Hasn't British Draft THE PRESIDENT "I yvould have Bent them to the committee with pleas ure, senator, if I had found that I had them. I took It for granted that' 1 y.A .hem hut. the naners that remaiu in my hands remain there in a hnnh-1 ard way. I can tall you the character of the other drafts. "The British draft was the only. one. ) 's I remember, that was in the forln of ; a definite constitution of a league. The K'rench and Italian drafts were in thel form of a series ot propositions laying down general rules and assuming that the commission, or yvhatcver body made the final formulations, would build upon ihne nrinclnles if they were adopted. 1 They yvere principles quite consistent With the final action. "I remember saying to the committee when I yvas here in March I have for gotten the expression I used, but it yvas nomething to the effect that the British draft had constituted the basis. I thought afterward that that yvas mis leading, and 1 am very glad to tell the committee just what 1 meant. Redrafted English Plan "Some months before tbe confer ence assembled u plan for the league of nations hnd been drawn up by a llrltish committee at the head of yvhlch a Mr. Phllllmore I believe the Mr. cThillimore yvho was known aa the au- ' Altnalli. n Inttt.nallnnil Inui A MnV of that document was geut to me and I built upon that a redraft. "I will not now say whether I thought tt was better or not an im provement', but I built on that a draft which' was quite different, Inasmuch as It put deflnlteness where there bad brn what'seemed Indeflnlteness in the PMHlmore suggestion, ""Tbvn, between that time and th? QUESTION time of the formation of the commis sion on the league of nations, 1 had deemed to me to have done dome verv ..i,. - tlilnlttnr. iinrtlcntnrlv with re- ignrd to what wad to be done with the ., . ......... .a. i .,- -.. - . iiir pieces of the dismembered empire. I TooU Srnu..'. SuggcaUon, ' ..... . t. , ii .. f "After I got to Paris, therefoie, I rewrote the document to which t have auuaen, nna jou may nnve, uoucen inai It consists of a series of articles and then supplementary agreements It was in the supplementary agreements that I embodied the additional Ideas that had come to me not only from fiencrnl Smuts's paper, but from other dis cussions. That is the full story of how the plan which 1 sent to the committee was built up." SENATOR LODGE "Then, of course, it Is obvious that the Oeneral I nmuts s pinn nan Been usea. i nai appears on the face of the document. THE PRESIDENT "Tes." SENATOR LODOE "Then there was a previous draft In addition to the one you have sent to us. You spoke of n reilmff Tlint ,v. tmf snhmltted tn the committee .. ' THE PRESIDENT -"No; that wn privately, my own. SENATOR LODOE "Was it be fore our commission?" THE PRESIDENT- "No, it was not before our commission Drafted Article 10 The President snld a draft of Article 10, which Senator Johnson had pre sented to the committee "wns part of the draft which preceded the draft which was sent to you." Senator Johnon said he had tnken it from the Independent. THE PRESIDENT -"I read It with the greatest interest, because I had forgotten it. to tell the truth, but I recognized it as soon as I read it SENATOR JOIINSO.N "11 was me original plan?" , THE PRESIDENT "It was thel- original form of Article 10, yes." Sonator Lodge said he had been about to ask whether Article 10 in its present form had been in the British plan, but if there were no definite drafts of these plans, of course, the committe could not get them. Asked by Senator Lodge whether he had seen the resolutions for a league submitted by Secretary Lansing, the President replied : "Yes." SENATOR LODOE "No ( specific action wns taken upon them?" THE PRESIDENT "Not in a for mnl way." Senator Lodge then asked whether i the I'nlted Stiites would receive nny part ot the Oermnn reparation fund. THE PRESIDENT "I left that question open. Senator, because I did not feel that I had an) final right to decide it." Wnnts No Reparation "Cnon the basis that was set up in the reparation clauses the portion that the United States would receive would be very small at best, and my own judgment was frequently expressed, nnf ns n drcidlnn. hut as a Judgment. .thnt we should claim nothing under SENATOR McCl'MBER "Did that ,., -!-! ...LI ..- l. what. ration clause, and said the reparation those 'commission would decide. He repeated I that American participation in the rep arations remained to be decided. SENATOR LODOE "By the com mission? BI0D? wnlpn ' m',st n,Imlt ' had not heard nf before.' SENATOR WILLIAMS "The isl and of Yap?" THE PRESIDENT 'Tap. it id one of the bnses nnd centers of cable and radio communication on the Pacific, and I made the point thnt the dlsposi- tion or rattier the control of that l.lnnH hm.iH h , o...i .. ernl conference which is to he hpM in regard to the ownership and opera- tion of the cables. Thnt subject Is' iio-uiiiiut-u uuu uisposeci oi in mis treaty and that general cable conference Is to be held." SENATOR LODOE "I had under- tood or r hni, h d ,. " , " ... ..', "S" "Iari ..c TfS0"' at partlnfc;n7 our ch i'ef of pera,io7s, had Kccomln,ndei, thnt WP ,C01lllI ,,' . footing there, primnrily in order to se- rlre ,able communication." THK PRRSIDENT "I think you are rif.ht Hr .. unngs ii nnaniung issue Senntor Lodge referred to the secret treaty between Orcat Britain nnd Japan rprfirrllnir Hhnntnnv nnrl aM .lia In the correspondence relating to the treaty it was stated that Oreat Britain Biuiru itiui isrcui i.riium should have the Oerman islands south of the equator and Japan those north of the equator. SENATOR LODGE "If It should seem necessary for the Bfitety of com munication for this country that yve should have a cabin station there, would that secret treaty Interfere with it?" THE PRESIDENT "I think not, sir, in view of the stipulation that I made with regard to the question of construction by this liable convention. That note of the Brltisb ambassador (regarding the German islands) yvas a part of the diptomatlc correspondence covering that tubject," SENATOR LODOE "That was what I understood." SENATOR MOSKS "Was the stip ulation that that should be reserved for the consideration of the cable con vention a formally signed protocol?" Not Protocol on Cable TUB PRESIDENT "No, It was not a formally signed protocol, but we had a prolonged and interesting discus- I tion on the subject, and nobody has PRESIDENT nny doubt a to what nn agreed ii pou. " Henator Lodge snld that it deemed that the treaty "'would give the five principal allied nnd associated power the power to make such disposition as thev iaw fit of those Island' ' a . n...i. .t-j .. i. u pass on the question under the ,,., rlrntinl 1nt,cia nf till iPIlffllP CnVPIiniif ...u..... ......-. ... ...... ' whether n nation had fulfilled Its Inter national obligations THK PRESIDENT "Nnbndj " SENATOR BOIIAH "Does the council have anything to say about It" THE PRESIDENT "Nothing whatever." SENATOR BORAH "Then if ai country should give notice or witn lrawal. It would be the sole judge nf whether or not It hncl fulfilled Its in 'afterward contended thnt so far as that ternntinnnl obligations. Its covenants to'uns rnncomivt It una nctv mniirr. tn the lengue." i rriti' mii.'aim.'CT"Thl is l i understand it. The only restraining in fiuence would be the public opinion of the world." Senator Borah then nsked whether. ,u p ti , i,,,,,,, iv(,u the right i.lj.. ...u i.- .. ii.i.i i iif n II inn hi iim wr ""'""",' mltt, ntm(.irirVT .l--1l ...!... the notice is given It Is conditional on the face of the conscience ot the with- , drawing nation at the close of the two year period." ! ... ,, , J mmarawai l nconumonai SENATOR HOHAH 'Precisely, but it is unconditional so far as the legal right or the moral right is concerned. THE PRESIDENT "That is my interpretation." SENVTOR BORAH "There is no inornl obligation on the part of the I'nlted States to observe anj suggestion made by the council." THE PRESIDENT "Oh, no." SENATOR BORAH "With refer ence to withdrawing?" THE PRESIDENT "There might ,. . ohl,ntinn if ,hnt KlllArps,ion had weight. Senator, but there is no other obligation." SENATOR BORAH "Any moral obligation which the United States would feel would be one arising from its own sense of obligation?" THE PRESIDENT "Oh, cer tainly." Senator Borah asked whether the suggestion that the council would pass ou such an obligation wns erroneous, and the President replied: "rs. certain." OUcs Commission's View- Senator Borah asked whether the President was expressing the lew held by the commisdion which drafted, the league. , -jj ;( 'HIE PRESIDENT "I am confi dent that that was the view. That view was not formulnted, you understand but I nm confident that that was the view." In reply to Senator MrCumber. the i-residcnt repeated tint he felt it woiil, be a mistake to embody interpretations I.) the resolutions of ratification, sayifig: or can interpret only a moral Obll- gallon. The legal obligation can be en- lorccd by such machinery as there is to enforce it. We are therefore at lib ertj to Interpret the sense in which yve undertake a moral obligation. Senator McCumber -nsked whether the other nations could uot nccept in terpretations by the Senate "by ac-. quiescence." THE PRESIDENT "My experience ns n lawyer was not very long, but thnt experience would teach me thnt the language of u tontrcct Is always part in ine oenarnoie mutter, nun I can testify tint in our discussions in the onunission on the lemrne nf nnilnns upI did not discuss IHpns hnlf ns n,el, we discussed ..hrnscoWv" Reservations Mean Delay The President said if reservations were embodied in the ratification "there yyould have to be either explicit ao - quiescence or the elupslng ot a long enough time for us to know whether they (the other governments) were implicitly acquiescing or nut." SENATOR HARDING "Mr. Presi dent, assuming thnt your construction of the withdrawal clnuse is the under standing of the formulating commis tion, yhy is the lungunge making proviso for the fulfillment counts nut into the article?" THE PRESIDENT "JUtfely as an argument to the eonscijuj'r'e" of the na lions. In other twflls, it is n notice served on them that the time they with will expect that at the time they yvith -draw they will have fulfilled their obli gations. Senator Harding said if that were true the language seemed "rather a far fetched provision." Senntor Pittman asked whether Ger many put the same construction on articles of the treaty as did the allied governments. THE PRESIDENT "I have , no meiind of knowing." SKVATOR PITTMAN "licrmany I then has not expressed nerseii 10 in commission with regard to these moot TUB PRESIDl'X-"! nav j,-0 Expression Uy Germany THE PRESIDENT "No, we have no expression from Oermnuy about the league except the expression of her very I strong desire to be admitted o tt. I The President acquiesced in a sug- Vstion by Senator. Plttmat that any change would require resubmission to Oermany SENATOR LODOE "Mr. Presi dent, in that connection I take It there is no question whatever under inter national law and practice ithat an amendment to the text of the treaty must be submitted to every signatory, and must receive either their assent or , '"'j1! Msscnt- "l ,ha,d ""PP"""1 ' ,had 1 gen- ... . -.- ... .,.,. i .. eral diplomatic prauuee .. rrg.rucu reservations which npply only V the reserving power and not to all the sig- natories, of course that with regard tn reservations it had been the general practice that Bilence was regarded as acceptance nnd acquiescence: that there was that distinction between textual amendments yvhlch change the treaty for every signatory and a reservation which changes tt only for the reserving power, tn tnat i muy ue. mistaken, however." Opposed to Reservations THE PRESIDENT "There is some difference nf opinion among the authori ties, 1 am Informed. I have uot had time to look them up myself about that; but tt Is clear to me that tn a treaty which Involves so many signatories, a series of reservations which would en Bue undoubtedly would very mwh ob scure our confident opinion as to how the treaty was going to work," BENATOR WILLIAMS "Mr. Pre. Ident, suppose, for example, that we 1 adopted a reservation as the senator ABOUT TREATY AT CONFERENCE Why President Wants Sccdy Ratification Readjustment of our national life to normal conditions absolutely de pends on it. Mines, factories and business of the country require it. Orrat Britain and other nations will get the Jump on the t'nlted States In a trade war If ratllicatlon is delayed. The so-called doubtful provisions mean exactly what the t'nlted States Senate wants them to mean. from Massachusetts calls It. and that Gcrinnnv did nnthlnc nhout it nt all. nnd which she was never a partv. Could her nnsltlnn ), In.tiflnhw iiUnnieilV" the PHESIDENT "No " sn(r .. ... , . ..... v under which the league members under- . '" , ""P"'1 "" preserve as against external aggression the territorial in " ' ". "U" cxiKlinc political nmrprii- '''"' P " " "'enibers of the league, " n ' fmt "f '' ,",r j sugges ed that th,H '""I'1' ,"ornl 'l'Katlon. Tn,; PRESIDENT "Yes. sir. Inas- much ns there is no sanction In the treiitj " HKNATnii unit tit"it.,i thee would be a legal obligation so far as the I'liited Stales is concerned, if it should enter into; would It not?" Comrndeslilp and Protection THE PRESIDENT-"I would not interpret it that way. senator, because there is involved the element of judg ment as to whether the territorial In tegrity nr existing political Indepen dence is invaded or impaired. In other words. It is an attitude of comradeship and protection among the members of the league which, in its very nature, is moral nnd not legnl." SENATOR BORAH "If, however, the actual fact of Invasion were bejond dispute, then the legal obligation. It seems to me I am simply throwing it out in order to get a full expression of views, the legnl obligations would Im mediately arise if the fact of actual in vnsinn were undisputed." THE PRESIDENT-"The legal ob ligation to apply the automatic punish ment of the covenunt. undoubtedly, but not the legnl obligntinn to go to arms and actual to make war not the legnl obligation There might be n very strong moral obligation." Kepi) lug to Senator McCumber. the President said. "We would hac com plete freedom of choice as to the appli cation of force." Asked whether there would be the freedom ns to application of a tt. the President replied: "Only n re nrd to certairuftrticlcs. The breach of cc -tain nrtlclesof the coyenant does bln, on. Tnt ' Save designated ns an , nnd in thnt we would " r " . ""' "" ' '""' 7. SI NATOR KNOX "Mr. President. alio me to asU this question : Suppose thatit is perfectly obvious and accepted thn there i fnn externnl uggresslon wer, nndsStu)pose it is pcrcetl) obvlofts niidyffcceped that It caiiiot be repelled Wcept .by force of nriis, would wV e uudr nny legal nbpgntlons to Compelling Obligation to Fight i'HE PRESIDENT "No. sir; but should be under nn absolutely com- T""m?rn' ?"B""" ... .. "' "'P'.""h '" ."" ..........-.. 1'resicjent said agnui inui im- apiiuv. ft'it.v of the principles contempla ed I the covenant would rest entire! imtionnl decision Senator Knox referred 'O'he White House statement of Mtiyjctt). which, he iRuid, had quoted the JPfesident as sny- nig thnt the IreneTi ''nslve treaty wouhl merely bjUcT the United States to do IminedloUtV what bhe would other- wise be WTind to do under the league covenajn. RESIDENT "I did not use word 'hound' but. 'morally bound ' Let me say thnt jou are repeating what! I said to the other representatives, said, 'of course. It is understood we i.i i... ha ..nndnpeft thnt it wns JWimiti !! IV ." ...w.- ...... .. lin unprovoked movement of aggression' I. ,L. . ,., enln.PP,l In thnt. nuu ,iii-i ", "ii- i Differ Only on Form Discussing further the question of res ervations yvith Senator McCumber, the President said : "We differ only as to the form of action, I think it would-be n very serious practical mistake to put it In the reso lution of ratification ; but I do hope that wo are at liberty, contemporaneously with our acceptance of the treaty, to Interpret our moral obligation under that article." SENATOR KNOX- ".Mr. President, h It not true that such matters nre ordinarily covered by -j mm ''"? of notes between powers, stating that . they understand in tnis or tnat sense, or do not so understand?" THE PRESIDENT "Yes, sir: or dinarily." SENATOR KNOX "That would be a matter that yvould require very little i time to communicnte it if these con structions hnvn already beeu placed upon tt in their conversations with you." THE PRESIDENT "But an ex change of notes is quite a different mat ter from hnvlng It embodied in the res olution of ratification." SENATOR KNOX "If yve embody in our resolution of ratification n state ment thnt yve understand Section 10 or Section 16 or section something else in , a particular sense, nnd this government, ' through its foreign department, trans-1 f.ro the nronosed form of ratification to the chancellors of the other nations that are coricerned in this treaty, and if these interpretations are the same as you have agreed upon wi'h tliem in yur conversations, I do not see how we would need anything more than a meio reply to that effect." Would Require Confirmation THE PRESIDENT "It yvould need confirmation." SENATOR KNOX "ei. it would need confirmation in that sense." THE PRESIDENT "My judgment is that the embodying of that in thei terms of the resolution or ratuieaiion yvould be acquiescence not only in the HOME VICTOl WATER HEAIEER tor rOAL fcfu nvttirlnl. lonitnt IU0' ply. 24 to SO aalftny ll Hesti rHtori. too. fhcfe IL """ Ing Juit ao rood J lTSjrinook. Reeves Stovfe 38 & Foundry Co. So. 2nd 1 Ftentd" Interpretation, but In the very phrase-'should immedlatelv contribute an armed ology of the Interpretation, because it, force to stop thnt war or to bring the would form a part of the contract." SENATOR KNOX "It might with us. because we have so much machinery for dealing with treaties, but In other countries where it Is much more simple I I should think it would not be Discuss European .Methods A more or less general discussion of the method of denting with trentics abroad followed at that point, after which Senator Full suggested thnt ys ervatlons to the league covenunt could be met. so far as Oernuiin was on cciiiod, bj her decision Inter on as to whether she would join the lengue. THE PRESIDENT "I dlfTer with jou there, senator. One of tin- reasons for putting the league In the treaty was thnt Oermany was not going lo be ad mitted to the lengue immeilintel) . and we felt thnt it wns very necessary that we should get her acknowledgment ac ceptance of the league as nil interna tional nuthnriM. pnrth beVnusc we were excluding her. so thnt she would there after hnve no cround for ouestionlnz such nuthnritj ns the lengue might exer-1 cle under its (ovennnts " ...... upon the npproiug or dtsnppro lug stale Germany Outside I-cague ()f pim()l ))f ,h(,p r(lntri ho ,Plr SENATOU PALL "Oermnn is oiitjrPpl.r,pnllItn,, jn thr council would ole nf the league. Any amendment pro ln mntteis nf this sort posed l.v the other members or the .., ,- inconceivable to me thnt. unless lengue prior to her coming Into the ,, opinion of the Cnited States, tlu league would not be submitted to her. ,orn nnj prnctlcnl ludgnients of the would it. she not being a member?" I people of the I'nlted States npprnird. THE PRESIDENT "I will admit j t10 representatives of the Coiled States thai that point hnd not occurred to0n t10 ,.onnrj .h,,,,,) vnt0 nn, ,or, me No, she would not." I advice as would lend ns into war " SENATOR FALL "Then so far n Replying tn Senntor Borah, the Presi we are concerned we could mnke nl,,Pnt njd fh(1 defensive treaty with recommendation in the nnture of an Vinnce rested on the snme bnis ns amendment SENATOR HITCHCOCK -"Did Ii understand jour first reply to Senator! Vnll tn Kn Hint fi .irrn fill V Mtlllot tills U 1W in- I1IUI (1ItIIiail1 .....1.1 .... I'lllllllFI lllllllllll rllffd)l IIIUI il treatv already hnd n relationship to thejjf t,r rouncil unanimously advised, it league by reason of Its international ,n, still "up to Congress either to ac character, and its participation In a , 0,, or reiect thnt advice." number of questions thnt Oermany was interested? THE PRESIDENT "1C8 SENATOR HITCHCOCK "It bus n 'relationship to the, league of nation,, even before the time that It may apply for membership?" ruv. i'iipainp'T "Ve " s.iol.r Tlnrnh r,np Arllele P.Ipren declaring "nny wnr or threat of war.",rf"",?" nP "'e1- a matter nf concern to the league nnd THE PRESIDENT "Deemed ap- directmg thnt "the lengue shnll take propriate by whom? That is really the nnv action thnt may be deemed wise point." unci effectual to safrgunrd the pence of. SENATOR JOHNSON "Deemed nations "He asked whether the Presi nppr0,,rBf(1 for thf. pllrpof'0 of defeating dent applied the interprctntion of a or frustrnt!nK thp nKKrPS,on." moral obligation also to thnt nrticle ,.,...,,....., , . He replied his construction nf Article1 Tm'' PRLMDLN1 "Deemed by u Eleven wns the snme as for Article Ten , appropriate. SENATOR HARDING "If theVe is Senntor Borah nsked if Great Britain nothing more than a tnnrnl obligation 'nnd France insisted upon maintaining on the part of any member of the lengue. I nt the Peace Conference the secret what nvnilSiTttc)s Ten nnd Eleven?" j treaties yvith Japan regarding Shan iioimd id Solemn Way THE PRESIDENT -"Why. senntor. ' is "urprising tjpt thnt question should be .hsked Ifywe undertake nn obllgn tion we nre nonnd in the most solemn way to carry tl out. f SENATOR fHARDINO 'Is it moral oMigati I'he point 1 nni try ' ting to get n is. suppose something &es niiectini the peace of the world. I nnd the counc takes dteps nd provided here to conse e or preserve, and an nonnces its d Isinn. nnd everv nntion in the lengue tnlcis advantage ofthe con struction thntiyou plncjj. 'Upon those articles tnd says 'well this is only a moral nbligatioiijifnc! we assume thnt the nntion Involved does not deserve our particinaym or protection.' nnd the wholpjifffng amounts to nothing but an expression of the lengue council. THE PRESIDENT "There is a nntlonal good conscience In such u mnt ter. I should think that was one of the most erioils things that could pos sibly happen. My understanding, when I sneek of n lecul oblicntion. I monn . it t. ii ti i?. i . I . p lmr,inltnr (hnK ndor ,.pr,in s1)(. ,,,, Thnt is a (1Rn, rib1iRntion- "Now a moral obligation is. of course. i Mil n i n ii i Biinoinpn nr niium tjiii ici nil I)Pror to n legal obligation, end. if may- sav so. has a greater bind ng force. i t f.yy moral obligation there Is an I element of judgment: in a legal obliges- tion there is no element of judgment." n n,,i,i .,,. ,,.., -Jl. ,,,.. .... ,, I SENATOR JOHNSON- "But, Mr. . President, when the moral obligation 1" undoubted it will impel I'Ptimi more i ,,. ., i i i,. ,. ! rvuuiiy iiiuu u ir((ni ,uiit,aiiiiu. i THE PRESIDENT "If it is un nDCnssAoir r-nn mon pi iwe doubted, yes: but that invob.es the cir- PREDMARIE FOR JUGO-SLAVS cumstnnces of the particular case." The President 'thought a moral oh- ' Territory Awarded to Belgrade Gov- ligation, because of the element of judg .. t,., d.,, i--.-.- . , ,i, i . i ,i "i- ernment oy peace conference ment. less likely to involve the conn . , ' , ' try In armed participation in trifling ' ,irls- A.K- ,n- aj5' A ' 'The matters. I rPm'" minister at Belgrade has in SENATOR HARDINO -'Suppohe, formed the Jugo-Slnv government thnt the nllntted territory which comes un- "" Peace Conference has awarded It the Hor the control of ItaU should in some way be assailed from the Balkan Mates Br,"1' "lupateh published by the Temps, nnd the council of the lengue should Thf notification wns given the Bcl i j:.! i i. ........ il., . .. .i .i'grnde Oovcrnment unon instructions inn I'liimriv ii un u wii nun un u in i-ii i f inTolTinB other ,, 0BI, nouW say .iat th, Mon, of th, ,PKll0 j&he: r r THESE PRICES NOW . Night fVirtviian n SVIICHHOC, Drawers Knee Ixing Petticoats Lonon All Waists (about 200) Vi PRICE & LESS Silks and Georgette. ' Mostly 34 and 36 sizes, 100.8 Chastnirt treet nttnckiug nations to terms; would w be a perfidious people, if I mil) use that term, would we violate our ohliga tion. If we fniled to participate in the defense nf Italy?' THE PRESIDENT-"We would be mr own judges ns to whether ue were obliged in those circumstances to act in that way or not " I SENATOR HITCHCOCK "In such jn ense the council would only ncl unnni mously and our representntie on the council, of fourse. would hnve t con cur in am adiice given " l'p to Congress The senators got into n dicusior. over whether Congress would decide what course the I'nlted States would take. Senator Hitchcock suggesting thai after the Americun representatives on the council had concurred in the lonn cil's recommendation "it would then be up to Congress to decide " THE PRESIDENT-"You are quite right. The men who were discussiiu these er important mutters were nil the lime nwnie that II would depend Ai tides X unrl XI moral nlilientions Council's Decision Not Final Unnnfm Pitlmnn ciino.iEtArl (lid ?, ' niK thp President gave his ns pn( Senator Johnson, reverting to the ex ""' of uggresslon ou Italy, asked "'"'"ler that compelling moral obllgn tion would require us to use such means nt. ii nnlil naim anncniiSato ftttlirtr Aon. nc n vuiu civil! 0'li ii'l iuii i s 1 1 us. i . I HOmiC or moral?" is mat not cor- lung. Bound By Secret Treaties THE PRESIDENT "I will put it in this way. Tliej felt that they were bound by them But when they in volved general interests, such ns they realized were involved, they were quite yvllllng. nnd Indeed. 1 think, desirous, thnt they should be reconsidered with the consent, so fur ns they were con cerned, of the other parties." The conference was not held in thf Blue room, as had been planned, the President taking his visitors Into the Enst room where they were seated around n big table. Senator Lodge sat next to the President. The conference was adjourned in the early afternoon for luncheon nt the White House and it yeas not resumed, the members of the committee departing at - :4." p. m. The conference offered the first op portunity for the President to confront home of the most determined opponents of the treaty in its present form, and Mime of the interest critics of his I iiniiraa in tVin nan ift ntMrnf infimic Tl are seventeen members of the eommit- itee. as foltows: I Senators Lodge. Massachusetts. ywuini iu iiir isuis tr.wviut-isii,-i i imp chairman; McCumber. North Dakota; Brnndegee. t onnectiout , Borah. Idaho: Kali. New Mexico; Knox. Pcnnsvlva- uia : Harding. Ohio; Johnson. Cnli- Il'ornin: New. Indiana: nnd Moses. New 'Hampshire, Republicans; and Hitch- cock. Nebraska: Williams, Mississippi; U,,.,' .n virrri'r,!o i'mnrn ri.i! ,inuili1lfll, ' II hll.lt. , li'.l.ill.,.., ,71111, , Smith Amonn : Pittmnn. Nevada, and . . .. rrlB nmer,,C Tennessee, Democrats. I Predmarie territory, according to a Rel , - . , . . . ... -.-- 'from Pr.nler Clemenceau nnd included . authorization foi- the Immedin.e occupa I tion of the district by Jugo Slny troops. Wriwx Cow: Petticoats, nB-5yr:4b, itYo, $2.50 ratsOT2iH?-t?aflrag 8S PffiPsssiffiiaigrofflpy 4. -.- . -.. - i.iiiifWfWHK3u:i -ih i nm m i n t ittbihm . 3,Vir i p- i n- WwW '-.isaalmml WSSisamsaEBtiSSmy ,ft,aQr-:5J.:35, $1.50 MlHflHHHG&WrHHEBHJrHSHHHttHai s i- . . vBmmmm&tmaLBJwmKiiKrmv clniiKlaKArViil 1C1 Rft CO OK tH" 'J9 IHW l" HU W U m HSJ '""imi s Brassier K-wchmrm SM Aal IfiiillillEU" HP wXninV vH L 1 1 I 1 1 I I 11 i I ifFS -& n. -xv -.. Him - "- wm m , si m ih sv , , . 'A',1, 1. KHL M. jl M J H IL MM nas lUKen aimtnergump in price that means you will Rave tWgy&onsid erably more for these garrrtqnts (tyvu miss this chance to buy them at he prices we quote today. You know our goods super-excellent in material, cut and finish. Reduced to Figures This Is What These Tires Save Maintenance with The Motor Hauling Company, Inc., of New York, one of the largest cartage concerns in the country, is a singularly fine science every penny in upkeep and depreciation being carefully tabulated. Read now why the great fleet of The Motor Haulage Company rides only on the sleek, burly treads of Goodrich De Luxe Truck Tires, as told by the books of this concern. Our yearly record showjs tlie following tire economies : v Average mileage, front j wheels J 15,000 miles Average mileage, rear wheels . . 12,300 inilea Gasoline consumption" , . reduced , Oil consumption ' reduced Repairs, etc. maintenance, Why not reduce your high cost of haulage? Here are figures to show you the solution buy De Luxe Tires, made only by Goodrich. 1 0,000 Miles Adjustment We Sell and Apply De Luxe Tires B. F. Goodrich Rubber Company 519 North Broad Street Atlantic Tire and Rubber Company 1414 Mt. Vernon Street Foss-Hughes Company 21st and Market Streets Elmer Barber 1 127 Land Title Building Service Stations : 4232 Ludlow Street and 2516 East Cumberland Street MM w M W Deluxe 1 iHSP3?Wrw3B I sSr2e3ia5- IT I IHACl MM) I io 10 V 15 fj si vl j - I fl .." - h .-. "im lfitorti&!rititUjnis.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers