yJfiM-"1' j?$rw ftfr '.. U T. ' Vl t1. I'll "H ', '-trt!f'"-If :- tA -, .J &'' lv i i? i H 1 I r ?1 s ' ' t I-Vv Iff S ts. L I i iV ft k M Bi4' Ef Ef-t Cw. 1 .? ft iv.. ; 8 EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER-PHILADELPHIA, WEDNESDAY, -APRIL 30,' 1910 MLEAGUE PACT STRENGTHENED Htkc DV A TTI?ATrlMT?ATTO T A Z7T C i'VC Ex'President Analyzes Document and Asserts Alterations Remove All Valid Objections to It by the council or ns By WII.MAM HOWAKI) TA1T , league after Its full exuiiiluntinii iinil nnnunaht 11)19. tiu Public l.tioct Co. , UBrpcineni. .uiireovcr. mere 11 i w " .i -,i..u . tl,n .mennnt of ! rc-Mnmitintlon of tlie 1UU UIIH.UMIIHIII-' KJ ........ "- 1. the lraRtie of untlcm nilopteil in I'nris on Monday will bear careful study, iiml perhaps it l unwise liastily to rxpre;i a confident opinion. Hut several lean ings suggest the follow ins comment : In the first place, the language and nrrnngement of the article have been greatly improved. The ue of different terms to mean the same thing, which tended to prevent mi rn. rending of the document, has been largely avoided. Provisions having immediate relation to one another linw- been aeinbleil where they belong, avoiding application of tlicm to subject or countries which they were not intended to affect Then nnmes. misleading or clumsy, have been changed The executive council, which uni and is not cecutic but ndvlsorj. haw become the council The bodj of delegates has become the nsscniblj. n much more suitable term. Second, rule of lonstruction that ought to have obtained in interpreting the original covenant are now made ex press and lelievc the real doubts of friends and supporters of the league. The most important of these, perhaps. is the priilcge specinllcallj i evened to any member of the league to with rirnw fimn it after two enis. notice, and after a compliance with its obliga tion under international law and the league cowiiant inclined befoie with drawal This gie anj nation nn op portunity lo test the operation of the league and its usefulness anil to nxoiil undue nml unreavuiable danger or bur den In the future wliuh in tunl trial ma I develop I Can Keisc Cown.int Moreover, laKcn with the power of amendment which can be cfTete In 11 ' unanimous Mite of the nine countries i whose representatives compose the council anil bj a mnjorlt of the mem-, bers of the league, then- is ample op- i portunit) for sin h u country as the IInited States to secure a revision of the covenant 'and a ie examination f the status of the stales composing the league after peace has stabili.cd conditions and has shown where changes should be' made. AVe are so inipjirtaiit a member of an effective world league, and so in- , dispensable to its successful working.1 because of our impartial position anil World power, that an announcement of I our purpose to withdraw unless amend- of the plan and the limits every ten tears, and meantime a specific limit may be increased by con sent of the council. To Slop Knee of Armaments Thus we are to stop former the race of armaments. the truculence and bullying they engender, their temptation to war and their cruel aud enormous le striietiveness when war ensues. 1'nlevs we have this league of nations, this race of armament must go on with the dreary round of events first, burden some taxation and consumption and waste of producing lapacitv. then war. then world suicide. These are the only alternates to a league. It h now made an express pimisiou that onlj nations who choose to accent the dutj maj be made mandatoiies of 'the league This removes another ob jection that was stroiiglj pressed. We , dou't have to take charge of Con 'Kantinople or Armenia unless we choose to do so. One important change made lv ad dition is the result of .Mr. Knopfs con structive criticism. .Mr. Hoot thought, and all who supported the plan of the League to Kn force Pence agieed with him, that the provision for arbitration ought to huvc required arbitration in .tustieable issues, and he defined what he vciitinnal hiiriii ter thought was donrlv within the meaning of that term. P.v the present article lll the member agree to siibmir tour InTation any dispute which thev lecog nbe as suitable for arbitration The I covenant then declares disputes of the! Chararler described hv .Mr. Kool. and as the writer recolleits, in Mr. Knot's' langunge. to be suitable for arbitration. Disputes as to interpretations of trea ties, as to international law. as tnfactsl 1 upon which it.s application turns mid d.ima's for its breach nie all declined to he arbitrable, or, in other words,' 1 justiciable. ' referred sembly. Monroe Uoi trine IlreugnUrd I The piovislon for mediation and , recommendation of settlement in the first report of the covenant, which met Mi-. Koot's unqualified approval, has not been (hanged, except that the unanimity required for an effective recommendation by the body of dele gates Is now made unanimity bj coun tries repiesented in the council and a majority of the nsseinbl.v , a change ! which makes for effectiveness. Another Importunt change is the addition of Ar 'tide XXI, as follows: Nothing In this covennnt shall be deemed to affect the validity of in ternntioiinl engagements, such ns treaties of arbitration or regional understandings like the Mouroe Doc trine, for securiug the maintenance of peace. 1 This meets two of .Mr. Koot'S criti cisms in full. First, it removes all doubt that all present arbitration treaties are to stand and bind the par ties to them whether members of the league or not. and relieves those who vveie 1 oiieernrd lest piogress Inward peine bj arbitration nlieady made might he lost. Second, it not only enables I he I'nited States to maintain the Monroe Doctrine, which was all that fi iends of that doc trine asked, but it recognizes it as a legionnl understanding for the securing 'of international pence. Never before in our history has the world set its ap proval upon the doctrine as in this covenant. It is really a great triumph for the supporters of the doctrine. It is not iiulv a leservntion in favor of the Tinted Stalls asserting it, but it is an alfirmntlve declaiatinn of its con- and of its value in j take to respect and preserve against ex- 'Little ternal aggression the territorial integ-innlvei I rity and political Independence of every member of the league. Mr. Hoot. HS the wrltet understands, strongly favors this nrtlcle: but he thiuks there should be a re-examination of the arrange ments made under the influence of the recent war, niter conditions have be come stabilized by peace, to remedy the possible mlstnkes made and to avoid too great rlelditv. How this can be I brought about Indirectly through powers of amendment and withdrawal has al- 1 ready been pointed out. 1 The arguments against Article X I which have been most pressed are those directed to showing that under ItR ob ligations the United States can be I forced into ninny wars and to burden some expeditionary forces to protect I countries In which it has no legitimate j interest This objection will not bear examination. If (lermany were to or ganize another conspiracy of militarism against the world, or if she nnd her ild nllies. together with Kussin. were to orgaulze a militant campaign for Kol shevism against the world, we should wish to do our shnte in lighting her. and in doiug so quickly. if any. In the first place, the ersal boycott, first to be applied. will impose upon most nations such a withering isolation nnd starvation that iu most cases it will he effective. In the second place, we'll not be drawn into any war In which It will not be rea sonable and convenient for us to render efficient aid. becauc the plan of the council must be approved by our rep resentative, ns already explained. sicuiuig international peai;r Domes! ir (uestions Kxrluded The collision of immigration and larilT and oilier internnl nnd domestic question" is sicuied liv the following: If I he dispute between the parties is chinned one of them anil is found b.v 'the council to arise nut of 11 mutter which hv international law is "olelj within the jurisdiction of thai pnrtv. Ihe council shall so re poi t and shall make no recommenda tion ns tn its settlement. If any thing is cleailv settled in in ternational law. it is that except where a nation limits its lights bv tieatv, it ma.v impose whatever londitinn it 1 houses upon Ihe ndmissinu of persons or things into its territory. Those who express alarm lest the fniiiuil should tench 11 different conclusion, ill spite of international low. can hardly be aware how jealous all uiuiitries must and will be as to their method of rais ing taxes and protecting their indus tries, and how anilely many of the na tions will insist on the right to ex clude persons not desirable ns perma nent residents. Indeed, .Inpan has not urged the view that immigration was anything but a domestic question in this cnnferenie. hut only pressed for an express reiognition of 1 acini equality of treatment of foreign persons resi dent in each lounlry, and even this The International Commandment If a stronger nation were to nttaik n weaker nation, n member of the league, our immediate and selfish inter est in the matter would be determined b.v the question whether it would de velop into n world war, inevitably drag ging us in. Hut we nre interested ns n member of the family of nations in maintaining international justice in the interest of international pence every where, and wo should do our share in maintaining it. It was a mixture of all these motives which carried us into this wnr and we accepted ns n slogan the cry : "The world must be made safe for dcmocincy. We make this war to secuie the liberty and independence, of nations against the doctrine thai j might makes right." " This is all that Article X proposes It is an answer! to llerinauy ' assertion of her right of! Hoycott Threat Effective In the third place, the threat, of the universal boycott and the union of over whelming forces of the members of the league, if need be, will hold every nation from violating Article X nnd Articles XII, XIII nnd XV. unless there is a world conspiracy, ns In this war. in which case the earlier we get into the war the better. The warning effect of such a threat from u combination of nations, like those in the league, is shown con clusively In the maintenance of our Monroe Doctrine. The doctrine was announced in !8i!H. Its declaration was depiecnted b.v Ameriian statesmen be cause il would involve us in n continual friclion nnd wnr. It was directed against most powerful European na- lions. Yet we have maintained it in- I Wolnto without firing a shot or losing! a soldier for now near n century. Article X merely extends the snmc protection to the weaker nations of the world which we gave to the weaker na tions of this hemisphere ngaiust the I greed of non-American nations. If our declaration accomplished this much, how much more can we count upon the effectiveness of the declaration of a powerful league of world nations as a lestraint upon a would-be bully and robber of n small nation V Ktlitorinl from lotlms Public l.nlgcr.l STRIKE PLANS MUDDLED Many N. Y. Longhoremen Appear for Work as Usual Today New Yorlt, April 110. (Uy A. P.) The strike vote token by 3000 members of the International Longshoremen's nnd Freight Handlere' Union at a meet ing here Inst night, directing from H.', 000 to 15,000 men to cease work on fifty-two piers in Manhattan and Brooklyn at 0 a, m. today, is reported to have been disregarded by many of the freight handlers, who appeared at the piers nt the regular hour prepared to eo to work. Confusion among the men regarding the summons to strike was shown at union headquarters, where telephone calls were being constantly received, Daniel Walsh, chairman of local Xo. (115. said he had heard nothing of the strike order. 1000 CHURCHMEN MEET Flnt National Rally of Iriterchurch Movement Held In Cleveland Cleveland, April HO. (Uy A. I'.) Approximately 1000 officials of national boards representing seventy-six Protes tant denominations nnd L'OO.OOO churches were In attendance today at the opening of the first national meet- Ins of the Interchurch world movement of North America, Keconstriictlou problems In tilts couutry and abroad, community nnd so cial service and Americanization of im migrants were among the features of the movement's program referred to by Dr. H. Enrl Taylor, of New York, general secretary of the movement, in Ills opening address. Ship Line to Scandinavian Porte Megee. Steer & Co., who recently established n steamship agency In the Drexel Building, announced that the Itrooks Steamship Corporation, which conquest, i.i organizes tne powers or n,itains regular steamship services out the world to maintain the international ! , Np... Yo,., .....i vP... Orleans, would Ihoii shall not steal b, I ,n ,, ,nr,v nt nionth ' . , , , freight service between Philadelphia much will it involve us in war? and Scandinavian ports. commandment force." How A dog-on good place to buy VICTROLAS and JQRECORDS Because of Our Great Stock and Variety SV Xlrlrola Mixtrl H. with Automatic Stop. lt5 Talking Machine Shop 4804 N. Broad St. Ii S. WHITE. Prop. VV.iomlnc 4408 Opfn Kvfnlntn grant. Kinally. we come to Article X, by which the members of the league under- TIKKS imtllhUMIIrtJ Settlement of Disputes Tins imposes mi members of Ihe league having il dispute the diltv of recognizing such disputes lo he urbitra ble and to submit them to arbitration. Can this duty be ctifoncd under the the league? Practically yes. If n na tion declines to arbitrate such no is sue, it goes to the council or assembly, with interested members excluded. Sin h bodv will at once in minuend arbitra ments were made would lie most per- tion or will refer the issue lo an in suasive. In this view Mr. Hoot's sug- tcriintionnl court of the league, as it RCStion that it would be well to re-' may. to determine whether the issue is examine treaty provisions made just I arbitiable under the obligation of the after the war in the light of the test league, and will doubtless follow the of five years or more of peace can be, judicial advice thus given, carried out. As this machinery thus works nut in- Thc second iliange of the same char- directly the result sought for in the plan llctn is !hl lirm isn.n tlint nvcnnl of tile 1.CI1EIIO tt I'nforH Peace, an where otherwise specifically provided, amendment to substitute a court of the i hll (.OI1f01Pm.,, ,j, not deem it wise to the nctiou of the council or the assembly league to take up unci iiecuie wn iiucs shall be by unanimous vote. The tions directly will doubtless approve it original covenant, properly interpreted, i self to the nations, meant this, but it is of great im- jir. Hoot was nnious that, in nddi portance to remove objections of those tiou to the declaration in the pi nimble. who did not think so. There are somer,ere should be practical recognition of who believe that such required unani- i fnteruatioiial law as a guiding star of mity will make the league ineffective I ,10 league, its tribunals and its action. and that a majority would have suf-' j lnp addition to Article XIII. which ficed. But progress toward complete I wo have been discussing, we find such international co-operation in a new field recognhion in the present Article like this must be gradulal. and must. I .jy providing for a permanent for the prcscut, leave safeguards to international court of justice which is nations against ubuse of joint power . mmpetent l henr and determine anv which, experience may show, can be dispute of international i haracter sub dispensed with. mitted to it and o give an advisory Expeditionary Forces Explained opinion upon any dispute or question The required unanimity in thij action i - . of the council is very important in tne answer it gives to the claim that under i Article X and Article XVI the I'nited , States may be required to send expedi- , tionnry forces into distant parts of the . world to defend the integrity and in- dependence of a country with which we have no relation of Interest or to I suppress remote wars not affecting us. j Such expeditions ure to be planned and recommended by the council, and the plan is to be accepted in the discretion I of the countries to whom the recom- mendatiou is addressed. j Iranian would certainly mark the llmiqO the obligation of the nations to whom it is presented. The United! Stutcs will have a representative on. the council, whose Mite must npprovc, the plan before its presentation. Is it ' likely, then, that the plan will be tin , leasonable in proposing an undue share of the league's work to the Tinted States? May we not be sure that what is to be done will be apportioned ac cording to the convenience and uutural interest of the members of the league, because it must in effect be by mutual agreement .' It is now made clear that under Article VIII the limit of armament for ' each country, under u general plan of reduction proposed by the council, is only to be adopted and mode binding as a covenant for euch member of the I don't know of a single man in this town who hp ever worn out a Nation do you? The i40i U. Dealer 01 SAMUEL EARLEY MOTOR CO. 675 North Broad Street st:i:.Ms too good to bg truc bit wr: can priovt: it MOTOR SPECIALTIES CO. J 1803 Market St. Wait for the New Hudson Super-Six Here Soon Price $1975 Prompt Deliveries Assured Early Buyers U is a Perfected Development of the Car You Know So Well jdritoh SIX SUB-DEALER DISTRICT AGENCIES Will be placed with responsible garages (or the sale of the famous "LEXINGTON" MOTOR CARS in Philadelphia and suburbs. ATTRACTIVE SALES CONTRACT Immediate Deliveries LEXINGTON MOTOR CO. OF PENNA. Lexington Building, 851 North Broad Street Philadelphia SafeTflillC Infants nd Invalid! HORLICK'S THE ORIGINAL MALTED MILK Rich milk, milted grun, in powder form. For infinu, invalid d growing children. Pure nutrition, upbuilding III wholebody. Invigorate mining mother! ml the aged. Moie nutritious than tea, coffee, etc instantly prepared. Require no cooking. Sftbititates Cost YOU Stat Pric. tMFTTT. . T rc ""i i i' si tmm m I sys tnis HiS about njirhr tint for coouint il WULC7 9 Vw t'onl (ar ( n"k Hi aW .!rtvTl, J Jar aw . -ift:T'J.' --' j .ww w mm J5-wf ifV'-'H'jifiJt-'.-li f1". U v s. v Seeley's Adjusto Rupture Pad Increases efficiency of a trust SOVt i i flHHHHHHiwH - f VBHSaHBLV ...MBW r . - m UaiUIBaBat aU MEATa-ST RUPTURE RETAINER tUSH'MIHlw feature- tt tUPl ru;.r..ai. They say it is the most beautiful and the best arranged gas range made ' That it performs all kinds of baking and broiling equally well at least gas expense. Glass doors permit you to see progress of baking without opening doors. The FORTUNE gas range is a standard Abram Cox Stove Company product made like the famous NOVELTY goods, of FLEX-O-TUF iron strong, sturdy, durable. Can be purchased at any U. G. I. sales room or any dealer's. We make all types of Heating and Cooking apparatus, so can give you unprejudiced advice as to which method is best for your particular home or - building. Consult your dealer or telephone or write to us, or come to our attractive factory show room. ABRAM COX STOVE COMPANY A new Hudson Super-Six is coming. It reveals how four years' experience with 60,000 cars has enabled Hudson en- gineers to free it from many of the annoy ances regarded as inevitable to all cars. It embodies the qualities which men said would make it the greatest car known. It Is Worth Waiting For Production on large scale is now un der way. Dealers will have their demonstrating cars within a few days. You must not fail to see the new Hud son Super-Six. Think of the history of earlier models. They have made a place in every branch of motor car use that has not been matched. The first Hudson Super-Six, four years ago, increased motor power by 72 with out added weight. It retained all the sim plicity of the six. It minimized vibration. Proved In A Thousand Ways You remember how endurance was proved. Nothing to equal Hudson Super Six records of performance had ever been known. Most of those stand today as achievements that no other car has been able to match. But one thing those feats did, you per haps do not know. They showed ways for development of subsequent models that find their expression in the new car soon to be offered. Such a car could not possibly have come from any other organization. It takes years of experience to learn and develop the qualities we now offer. The same engineers responsible for the first Super-Six have watched it in its service for 60,000 users and now offer the new Super-Six as the expression of their greater knowledge. Isn't such a car worth waiting for? Watch the papers for the arrival of the new Super-Six, then go see it. The New Price Is $1975 Hudson production will be irwice as large this year as last. Because of that the new price for the 7-passehger phaeton will be $1975. Without the experience we now have such a car would have been impossible at an earlier time, regardless of the price at which it sold. Stfll, as you know, the Super-Six has always been one of the world's finest cars. You hear that on allvsides. It has led all other fine cars in sales. There have never been enough to equal the demand. A like condition must surely .obtain this year. But those who buy early wili get early delivery. They have the records of every Hudson Super-Six as an assurance of its value. If you are on the point of buying a new car, go or telephone to your Hudson dealer. Perhaps he can tell you when you may see the new Hudson Super-Sixj u. Hudson Motor Car Company Detroit, Mich. Distributed in This Territory by Gomery-Schwartz Motor Car j Co. 128-40 N. Broad St., PhUadekjluaPa. (ISM I mwwtfl (i -5J I " 1 M VJ w Wmw ..... -t 'Wi ' MWItW riif,t, IMHfc.MyalaM Haw; ' y wwkw ,! n. -!c .t ,. u.'f'ij . ' v "MtiwaMMMi mm a 4wm s'-.arijvim i'.. 7i',' 'Ti-,rriB aw 5afti WWr I'WaRlrpRBtnP'.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers