n. j-,;v' H,l t V ' 'EVENING PUBLIC (CEDGW-PHnJADELPHIA SATURDAY, FJ3&&UAEY 1$, '1911 J A S . f K I! IV Siv h ', r.i l-f .. v. m V. SENATE RECORDS fc, WORLD COVENANT "Plan and President's Ad- !' dress Made Pari of Con- 5 crcssional Document ,V. " .'. HOT SHOT IN RESERVE Vi-fi .f . 1 1 Tl f nation s LawniaKcrs rrciiurc f ii VniPA Oniniiins tut League Structure WaiMmlon, Ffb. 15 Vimmi request of Minority I.adr I0(1r, th proponed constitution of the leapue of nations tra put Into the congressional record today and ordered printed as a Senate document. Senator Plttman. of Teada, Demo rrat, nsked and Senator Ixds;e aarreed that Trcsldcnt Wilson's address In pre senting the constitution be Included. The members of Congress, and partlc- ularly the Senators, read tho plans of t the league of nations -nlth great Interest ' and then declined to comment on It until after they had studied It carefully. The only Senator who discussed It was Senator Hitchcock, chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, to which body the official draft of the , tlan will be referred before It Is sent to the United States Senate for ratifi cation. . Senator Hitchcock praised the plan 3t la not the monster that Its opponents predicted It would be, he said. He was favorably Impressed with the covenants . providing n guarantee against sudden war, for tho reduction of national arma ments, the guarantees to the small na tions and the disposition of the German colonies. A prolonged and Ihorouah airing of Views on the plan will occupy most of the time of the Senate until adjourn ment on JIarch 4. Nearly every Sena- Jor la preparing a speech on the subject, nnd Mrtuall every Senator wants to deliver his speech today, Copies of the plan wero eagerly read .oy the Senators and HepresentatUe ft" Vrhom the newspapers reached the Cap . ttol. The Republicans In the Senate Jjand the Republican leaders of the House held n hurried meeting to de cide upon a plan of action. They agreed nut to comment on or discuss the plan, except on the floor, until the official plan i -is adopted by the Peace Conference Is '"deceived by the Senate. The Democratic Senate leadeTS also conferred. Thev want to have the cov nantrcating tho league ratified by the Henate on the earliest possible date. They decided to await 1'resldent Wll non's return before making any definite plans, however. JThe plan to have tho league ratified ;irs soon as possible will force the con vening of the incoming Congreis Imme diately after March i The President Is dire to arrne on February 27 or 28 Should he place the draft of the plan of the league before the Senate Immediately all appropriation bills and other pending legislation will have to be sidetracked, for the Senate will not ratify the covenant without prolonged discussion on every phase of Its provisions. In that event, a special session of the new Congress would have In he called Immediately to uass the iy,T a iitvBOBi ayjj.v'il..iwii ..iuvu.a. .&Maaar. nnvnnvl t. . I . m Al nllcta rrr-Vmfirinii imim.Tfr.mri f l rKUdMIMAAlUllIMIA MHITARE E POLITICA Re Vittorio Firmera' il Decreto Quantlo Sara' Proclamata la Societa' Delle Nazioni Fubllah.d and Distributed Under PERMIT NO. 341 ulhorl7d by the act of October 6. 1817. on n: at the Fostofflce ot Phlla delpfctk, fa. iy wdi wX ma rreatdant. a. a. uuitL,issoN. I'nlmiilar Central. Roma, 15 febbraio E' stato an nunziato che Re Vittorio Emanuele, In occasione della proclamazione per la coatituzione della Societa' tra le -?fazioni, firmera' un largo decreto di mnistia militare e politica. Roma, 1 4 febbraio t"n ammlrevole lavoro, superiore a nualslasl eloglo, e' atato compluto dalla Croce Rosea Amer icana neU'.ilutare II CJoverno nell'opera dl soccorso ed asslstensa tra le popola zionl delle reglonl devastate dal nemlco e farle tomare alia vita normale. Ta Croce Rossa Americana stablll' died principal! rentrl di distributions e iSS" sub-centrl, the fomlrono al popolo -estlmenta, vlverl. medicine, utensil! di casa eco. Aporosslmat! vamente 600,000 persons rlceverono del soccorsl. Le cantine provvedevano a dar la manglare ad oltre 3000 personeglornalmente. , Parlgl. 14 febbraio. 11 Presidents del Cablnetto Itallano, On. Vittorio Kman- Uele Orlando, ha avuto un altro colloquto con II Presldente Wilson, Informandolo che, dopo users! consultato con 1 suol colleghl nlla conferenza della pace, rlteneva Imposslblle premiere una deci sions sulla proposta deU'arbltrato fatta dal jugo-slavl e su quells dl nomlnare 1ir.b!tro 11 Presldente Wilton, senza . prima consultare al riguardo II Ra d'ltalla ed II Conslglio del Mlnlstrl e magarl II Parlamento. We handle only the very Best Coal f Satisfied customers for 80 years. 2240 lbs. to every ton for 30 years. Our busi ness has increased from 8000 tons a year to 150,000 tons. We Serve You Right NEW PRICES Egg Coal $10.30 Nut Coal $10.65 1 Stove Coal ...$10.55 Pa Coal , $9.05 fin Letters' Sons VtvaJ CW Yaril A, i UU, BBBaf Sal laHssaattisaHaaftailsBlAalaUal Wt " aPeW rsnB m m Physical Force as Last Resort, Wilson Declares President, in Presenting Constitution of World League, Says That Union of Wills Cannot Be Resisted l'arls, reb. IS In presenting the constitution for a tragus of nations to tho Peace Congress yesterday, Pres ident IVltson mado the toltoicing ad dresn: "Mr. Chairman: I have tho honor, and assume It a very great privilege, of'reporting In the namo of tho com mission constituted by this conference on the formulation of a plan for the league of nations. 1 am happy to say that it Is a unanimous report from the representatives of fourteen potions tho United States, Orent Britain, rrance, Italy, Japan, Belgium, Braill, China, Czecho Slovakia, Greece, Po land, Portugal, Rumania nnd Serbia, "I think It will ho servlceablo and Interesting If I, with your permission, read the document ns the only report we have to make" Tho President then read tho draft. When he reached Artlclo XV nnd read through the second paragraph the President paused and said: "I pause to point out that a mis conception might arise In connection with one of tho sentence 1 have Just read 'It any party Hhall tefuse to comply, tho council shall propose measures necessary to give effect to tho recommendations Hjpothetlral Case Stated "A case in point, a purely hypoth-, etical case, la this Hupposo there is In the possession of a particular Power a piece of territory or some other substantial thing in dispute, to which It Is claimed that It Is not en titled. Suppose that the matter Is submitted to the executive council for recommendation as to the settlement of tho dispute, diplomacy having failed, and suppose that the decision is in favor of the party which claims the subject matter in dispute as against the party which has tho sub ject matter in dispute. "Then If the party In possession of the subject matter In dlpute merely - - . sits still and does nothing, It has ac - repted the decision of tho council In the sense tnat it manes no resiaiiuico; but something must be dono to see that It surrenders tho subject matter In dispute. "In such a case, the only case con templated, It Is provided that the executive council may then consider what steps will be necessary to oblige tlm nnrtv mralnst whom tudsrment has, been given to comply with tho deel- sions of the rouncil." After having read Article Jv.IX. President Wilson also stopped and said: , ., . "Iet me say that, before embodied In this document, this was the sub ject matter of a very careful discus slon by representatives of the five greater parties, and that their unani mous conclusion is me mauer em bodied In this article." Common Aim Evident After having read tho entire docu ment. President Wilson continued as follows: "It gives me pleasure to add to this formal reading of the resolution of our labors that the character ot the LIUniHLLZ. m The most Potash-Perlmutter At the Peace Conference Montague E 1 I wmmt&iMBtomiMmm.JmL iriiriiteii --- Mttmmk mb.it BmB.W.MiiiriliiiM discussion which occurred at the sit tings of tho commission was not only of tho most constructive but of the most encouraging sort. It was ob vlous throughout our discussions that, although thcro were subjects upon which there were Individual differ ences of Judgment with regard to tho method by which our objects should bo obtained, there were virtually at no point any serious differences; of opinion or motlvo ns U1 the objects which wo were seeking. "Indeed, while these debates wero not made the opportunity for tho ex pression of enthusiasm nnd senti ments, I think the other members of the commission will ngreo with me that there was an undertone of high respect and of enthuslnsm for the thing we wero trying to dd which was heartening throughout every meeting. "Because wo felt that In a way this conference did Intrust to us the ex pression of ono of Us highest nnd most Important purposes, to see to It that the concord of tho world In tho Tnture with regard to tho objects of Justice should not bo subject to doubt or un certainty: that the co-operation of tho great ooay or nations snoum De as surcci in the maintenance or peace upon terms of honor nnd of Interna- T E ; The compulsion of that task was constantly upon us, and nt no point was there shown the slightest desire to do anything but suggest the best means to accomplish that great ob ject. Thei o la very great significance, thercfoin, in tho fact that tho result was reached unanimously. "Touitcen nations wero represented, among them all of thoso rowers which for convenience we have culled the Great Powers, and among tho rest a reptesentatlon of tho greatest variety of circumstances and Interests. So that I think wo aro Justified In saying that tho significance of the tesult. ,ici;.w.u, nun uiu vkwjrzen. vt uu ...trull- , lnBfl ,ho unIon ot wllIg ,n a common therefore, has tho deepest of all mean- purpose, a union of wills which cannot bo resisted, and which, I dare say, no nation will run tho risk of attempting to resist Simple in Structure "Now as to the character of thodocu ment. Wlillo it has consumed some lime to read this documont. I think roil will seo at once that It is vnrv simple, nnd hi nothing so simple us In tho structure which It suggests for a league of nations a body of dele gates, an executive council and a per manent secietarlat. "When It came to the question of determining the character of thn repre sentation hi the body of delegates wo were all aware of a feeling which Is cuirent throughout the world. "Inasmuch as I am stating It In iho presence of the official representatives of the various governments here pres ent. Including myself, I may say that there Is a universal feeling that the world cannot rest satisfied with merely official guidance. There has ieached the one thing that we wero called to us through many channels tho feeling make definite. It is a definite giiaran that If tho deliberating body of the , tee of peace- It Is a definite guarantee league of nations was merely to be a against aggression. Jt is a definite GirardV Talk of the Day distinctive and men and aitairs m America, M.V-"-l, - - --- . - m I - 4 m I monon, "nviuuK "'v -tMci-iui) iu , adopt a resolution containing a declaration that the German people would never accept a peace of v(o lence and protesting against the "ex aggerated" conditions pf the armistice tending to ruin Germany. The resolu tion also protests against the denial of self-determination to Alsace-Lor- T-i T tI There will be a sliarp seizure of the H I' -ortt-pes of the wealthy, accoidtng to -a --. . Am hfnrA tllw Assem- II ... I 1,1 -1-. n..t.1.. ... Glass is now and Mawruss will tell tne Humorous side ot the Peace Conference in tte OAjBHHUHg VERY SUNDAY EXCLUSIVELY body of officials representing tho va rious governments, the peoples ot the world would not bo sure that some of tho mistakes which preoccupied offi cials had admittedly mado might not bo repeated. ' "It wns Impossible to concelv'o a method of an assembly so large and various as to bo really representative of tho great body of the peoples of the world because, as I roughly reckon It, wo lepresent us wo sit around this table more than twelve hundred mil lion people. ' 1,100,000,000 People "Tou cannot havo a representative assembly of 1,200,000,000 people, but If you leavo It to each government to havo. If It pleases, ono or two or three representatives, though only with a tingle vote, It may vary Its represen tation from time to tlmo not only, but It may orlginnto tho cholco of Its several representatives." (Wireless hero Intelligible.) "Therefore we thought that this was a pioper and a very prudent con cession to the virtually universal opinion of plain men everywhere that they wanted tho door loft open to a variety of representation, Instead of being confined to a single official body, with which they could or might not find themselves In sympathy. "And you will notlco that this body has unlimited lights of discussion I mean of discussion of anything that falls within the field of International relation and that It Is especially ngreed that war or International mis understandings or anything that may lead to friction or tioublo Is every body's business, becauso It may affect tho peace of the world. "And In order to safeguard the popu lar power so far as we could of this representative body, It Is provided, you will notice, that when a subject Is sub. mltted, It Is not to arbitration, but to discussion by the executive council. It can, upon the Initiative ot either of tho parties to the dispute bo drawn out of tho executive council on tho larger form ot tho general body of delegates: because through this Instrument we aro depending prlmarly and chiefly upon one gieat force, and this Is the moral force of the publlo opinion of the world- the pleasing and clarifying and compelling influences of publicity; so that Intrigues can no longer have their coverts, so that designs that are sinister can at any time bo drawn Into tho open, so that thosn things that nro destroyed by tho light may be promptly destrojed by tho overwhelm ing light of tho unlveisal expression of the condemnation of tho world. "Armed force is in tho background in tills program, but it is in tho back ground; and If the moral force of the world will not suffice tho physical forco of tho world shall.. Hut that is tho last resort, becauso .this Is In tended ns a constitution of peace, not as a leaguo of wai Document "Vrtilclp of Life" "The simplicity of "the document seems to mo to bo ono of Its chief virtues, because, speaking for myself, I was unable to teo the variety of cir cumstances with which the league would have to deal I was unable, therefore, to plan nil the machinery that might be neccsbary to meet the differing and unexpected contingen cies. Therefore I would say of this document that it is not n straight jacket, but a vehicle of life. "A living thing is born, and we must seo to It what clothes we put on It now It Is not a vehicle of power, but a vehicle in which power may bo varied at tho discretion of those who exercise it and In accoidanco with the changing clrcumstnnces of tho time. And yet, whlio It Ss elastic, whllo It Is general m its terms, It Is definite In fc interesting comment on ;:luRJvely in $fce3u yy Hate T SATURDAY in Paris and through Abe ta BMP guarantee against the things which have Just come near bringing tho wholo structuro of civilization Into ruin. "Its purposes do not for a moment lie vague. Its purposes aro declared and its powers ars unmistakable. It Is not in contemplatlonthat this should be merely a league to secure the peaco ot the world. It Is a leaguo which can be used for cooperation In any Inter national matter. That Is tho signifi cance of the provision Introduced con cerning labor. There are many ame liorations of labor conditions which can be effected by conference and discus, slon. I 'anticipate that thero will do a great usefulness in thn bureau of labor which it Is contemplated shall bo set up by tho league. Men nnd women Bnd children who work havo been In the background through long ages and sometimes scemod to bo forgotten, while governments "have had their watchful and suspicious eyes upon tho maneuvers of one another, while tho thought of statesmen has been about structural action and the larger trans actions of commerce and of finance. "Now, if X may hcilevo the picture which I see, there comes Into the foreground the great body of tho labor ing people of the world, the men and women and children upon whom tho great burden of sustaining tho world must from day to day fall, whether wo wish it to do so or not; people who go to bed tired and wake up without tho stimulation of lively hope. These people will be drawn Into tho field of international consultation nnd help nnd will be among the wards of the combined governments of the world. This Is, I take leave to Bay, a very great step In advance in tho mere con ception of that. "Then, as you will notice, there Is an imperative article concerning the publicity of all International agree ments. Henceforth no member of tho leaguo can claim any agreement valid which it has not registered with the secretory genet al, In whoso office, ot course. It will 'be subject to tho exam ination by nnybody representing a member of tho league. And tho duty is laid upon the secretary general to publish every document of that sort at the earliest possible time. "I suppose most persons who have not been conversant with tho busi ness of foreign affairs do not reallzo how many hundreds of these agree ments are made In a single year nnd how difficult It might bo to publish the moro unimportant of them Imme diately. Hon uninteresting It would be to most ot the world to publish them immediately, but even they must be published just as soon as It Is possiblo for tho secretary general to publish them. " Helpless to He Assisted "Then thero Is a. feature about this covenant, which to my mind is ono of the greatest nnd most satisfactory nd. ances that has been made. We are dono with annexations of helpless peoples, meant in some instances by some Povveis to be used merily for ex ploitation. "We recognbe in the most solemn manner that tile helpless and unde veloped peoples ot tho world, being In that condition, put nn obligation upon us to look after their interests primarily before wo use them for our Interests; and that in all cases of this sort hcieafter It shall bo the duty of the league to see that tho nations who are assigned as the tutors and adviseis and directors of these peo ples shall look to their Interests and their development before they look to the Interests' and desires of the mandatory nation itself. "Thero has been no greater advance than this, gentlemen. If you look back upon tho history of the world you will see how helpless peoples have too often been a prey to Powers that had no conscience In the mntter. It has been ono of tho many distressing revo- S .s Jl latlons of recent years that the great Power which has Just been, happily, defeated, put Intolerable burdeps and Injustices upon the helpless people of some of tho colonies which it annexed to Itself; thst its interest was rather ther extermination than their devel opment; that the desire was to possets their land for European purposes and not to enjoy their confidence In order that mankind might be lifted In thesO places to tho next higher level. "Sow the world, expressing its con science In law, says there la an end of that; that our consciences shall be settled to this' thing. States will be picked out which havo nlready shown that thoy can exercise a conscience in this matter, and under their tute lage the helpless peoples of tho world will come into a new light nnd into a new hope- "So I think I can say of tills docu ment that It Is nt one and the "ame tlmo a practical document and n hu man document. Thero Is a pulso of sympathy In It. There Is a compul sion of conscience throughout It. It is practical, and yet It is Intended to purify, to rectify, to elevate. And I want to say that so far ns my observa tion Instructs me, this Is In ono sense a belated dooument. I bolleve that the conscience of the world has long been prepared to express itself In somo such way. Wo nro not just now discover ing our sympathy for these people and our Interest in them. Wo aro simply expressing it, for It has long been felt, and in the administration of tho af fairs of more than one of the great States represented hero so far as I know, all of tho great. States that are represented here that human Impulse has already expressed Itself in their dealings with their colonies whose peoples are yet at a low stagoof civil ization. "Wo havo had many Instances of colonies lifted Into tho sphere of com lfipiM "Bum Gas in Mantles Not in Flat-Flame Burners.'9 U. S. Fuel Administration Get the newest Welsbacli mantle light: A small gas mantle light, so efficient and so inexpen sive that it leaves no reason for using the wasteful old fashioned flat-flame lights. Made by. the Welsbach Company to meet the demand of the U. S. Fuel Admin istration for fuel conservation. ' 30 Candle Power Light on2Feetof Gas Per Hour Complete Thrift" Light -mantle and burner, actual size. Come in to'day to any Evans's Drug Store and' see this wonderful new light. See it demonstrated in the windows of Evans's Stores. '1106 Chestnut 1221 Market 1012 Market .732 Market 17th & Chestnut Try it in your home. Get a supply today at the special price, 4 for $1, regularly 35c apiece. GerlfatSiwns's Your neighborhood dealer in Welsbach goods is also demon strating the "Thrift" Light at tho special, sale price, "4 for $1.00. Buy.NOW save 40c! WELSBACH COMPANY Wholesale Distributor 1010 Filbert St. If you cannot convi)l.ntlr bur of jour d.al.r. sen! us 1.00 and wa will .end jrou kr parol pott. 1 "Thrift" Lights, rtaar (o lsttaU, plete self-government. This is not tho discovery of. a principle. It is tho universal application of a prin ciple. It Is the agreement of tho great nations which have tried to live by these standards in their separate administrations to unite In seeing that their common force) and their common thought and Intelligence are lent to this great and humano en terprise. I think it li a reason for the most profound satisfaction that this humane decision should have been reached in a matter for whloh the world has long been waiting and until a very recent period thought that it was still too early to hope. "Manr. terrible things have come out of this war. gentlemen, but some very beautiful things liavo corns out of It. Wrong ha been defeated, but the rest of the world has been more conscious than It ever was before of the majority of right. Peoplo that were suspicious of one another can now live no friend and comrades In a single family and desire to1 do so. The miasma of distrust, of Intrigue, is cleared away. Men ore looking eye to eye and saying, 'Wo are brothers and have a common purpose. We did not realize it before, but now we do realize It and this is our covenant of friendship.' " Veteran Cyclists to Dine The.Century Dining Club, whose mem bers are veterans of the Century Wheel men, will dine this evening at the Rltz Carlton Hotel. There will be 160 mem bers and guests In attendance. A special feature will be an address by Lieutenant Andre Drot, of the French High Commis sion, who also Is a member of the Dlue revi!s. Private Paul R. Miller, of the Sixth Machine-Gun Battalion, who was in the front-line trenches and a prisoner at the German prison camp In Cosset. will relate experiences In the service. The other speaker of the evening Is Thomas W. Armstrong, of this city. J. Frank Shellenberger will be toastmaster. Flat flames burn at least 8 feet, and give far less light. ' , The "Thrift" Light is so simple a child can put it up. Fits anywhere; can be used with or without glass ware. Will not blacken mantle, nor break globes. You can even turn it low. Mantles are soft and unbreakable before burning off; bright and long-lasting in use. Where To Use "Thrift" Lights Vestibule, Halls and Stairs, Cellar, Bathroom, Pan-' try and Storeroom, Side Brackets. 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The organisation, to be known aa the government price conference board, will he constituted Immediately, Aa devised by Secretary Redfield, the plan calls for nn Investigation of the costs of produc tion of baslo commodities and determlna-i tlon ot prices which government will pay, Adjustment of prices will be sought to avoid any commercial depres sion. . Secretary Redfield Indicated that the personnel would Include men who served en the war Industries board. The first product for which prices will be recom mended, It Is thought, will be steel. The board will work through a series of subcommittees In each Industry. t Business Letters Must be Business Building letters. If not they are valueless. Tour own value dentin's on your ability to create safes, collect money and build up good-wilt by means of latter. You can get thorough training under experts by joining the class In Busi ness Building Kngltsh now being formed which will meet Wednesday evenings beginning February It, at 7.45 P. 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