K. itn IhWLIC LEDGER COMPANY us it, k. cunna, rriDit.T n. iAMinirton, viee President: jnnn u. retarr and Tnurfri I'hlllDH. Collins. VIIIIsbh. John J Bpurgcon, Directors. KniTOItiAL JIOAnt) Kf!Tttj It K CtnTlt, Chairman iprsitit.Kr n.lllor , WAtVMN General Business Manager dally at I'miic I.Msua. llulldlmr. epen'tenca Snuarr rnlludefphla. stiil , liroad and Chestnut Streets C1II. ', i-as-l'ulon llullillnt K. . . . SOU Metropolitan Tower .. . .111.1 FnM lluliaine IS... llios riillrrtnn llullillna- .... rju;: iriOMMB uuuuing NRVV8 Dl'IlHAfH, TON Itl'SKAt. . E. Cor. Pennsylvania Ate and 1 tin St. llisr.tu . in liuiining Dcriuu . lMjmlon rinicj SUBSCIUrTlO.V TEltMH -JSruiiso rt.ai.io LtDura la served to sub- in I illailsInhlA and surruunil c lowna -rata of twelve (1-) tents per week, payable carrier. mall to points outside of Philadelphia. In Ited mates. Canada or rnu-ii smies po- postage tree, nny I."" cents r-r mumn. alt foreign tountrlrs ons 1st I dollar per I" TWflHfls ! 'Kubscrllrers wishing address changed JstsRH arivf old aa well as new address. Kit, J000 HAIM'T KFASTOXK. MVI 3000 s'ty DMrfftrra nil ' - vpXtttetr, fade rnt,ilnililrnfio,is lo .Vralno public deprmienf r Snuart fhilndclphta. Member of the Associated Press i r Q'-t THE ASSOCIATED I'tlHSS is crclii- . sjitw entitled tc the use or republication 1 '4fiN ieic fiUvatches credited to it or not i.Mhcnclsc credited In thli nnner. and also fttke local ficirs published therein. , r '-A win of rcintoiice.iion u, snsiai ais "fitches herein arc also icservcd. i i . ,-' rhilsdVlpMi, Fri.l.). Oilsber I. 111S ,f HINDSIGHT 11ETTER TH VN BLINDNESS 'vAS ATTK 1T Is to tie t udc at lust i ".X.get back Into tho coal mines tlic inin Who have left them for ot lei Industrie". , AThe United States Employment Set vice FA.tta selected K. IS. Chase, o' the Berwlml- -AVhlte Coal Mlnlnc Company of this illj . i''fb comb the other Industries for the mliieis and to send them bach mi fr r n.s possible. ;" It .Is hoped that he will succeed. About 'fl.OOfl mine workers have loltied the colors rr,T ' ' " ivi and about tha Mine number have abor.- Klveioncd the mines for other work. Such n .'depletion of the labor supply for this most essential industry could have been pre vented by a little foresight. Hut it Is bet ter lo use hindsight than to do nothing . at ah. m. - EjA , It Is obMous that Director Krutcn's ban against gatherings and crouds was not e- t "Jnded to trolley cars only for fear of ex terminating the transit sen lee ? LENS AT LAST .' nIIK news of the evacuation uf Lens -.fffc comes fiom a source which sweetens -t yur saugiucuon to me utiernuisi. .v ier iiian communiriue obviously unedited by "the Wolff bureaA announces the Hun re tirement from that war-riddled coal city fi& from Armentleres. , Such authenticity on thli theme was '.fegerly desired. The captuie of Lens has Iwig" been so passionately sought that the " cablegrams have often whizzed ahead of JlMtt, The town was supposed to have been taken more than a year ago when the Canadians fought heroically In Its freight JWfds. "Lens Kails" was headlined again Met 'i August, and with apparently cery ?Wence of truth. V '" ,i; jit "was 'ndeed open to hair-splitting ar- .! fitment as to what actually constituted the .Kyilaltloji of that long-elusive prize. Urlt- ,J8h patrols unquestionably penetrated Into fta streets, but there was a slight letlre- fJBent and Lens remained under Teuton " Way. The present categorical confession ?' ot tho vamiulshed is satlsfiing Indeed. . ,i ' Aside from the strong feutlmcntal up- ,y peal In the Allied victory, its strategical C JBnlflcance Is potent. A Herman retreat j.- Aiyk iiiu tcMioii uuum i.iiie iii largest ,v vJiy luiten uy ine ioo since tue war oegan . and a withdrawal from at least a por- Ktton of Belgium Is now definitely presaged. L'Xens was the key, and with It a new door I'XjJo liberty will bo unlocked 1 It Is perfectly possible to avoid crowds f.tWid patriotic rallies and still subscribe fur ;. a, fine blp sheaf of Liberty Bonds. K THE DOCTOUS' DILEMMA t", TUIE influenza epidemic has emiihasized a .- anew the short.ice of nh kIpI:miu In l'hiin. CIPhla and Intensified the moral dilemma ', fhieh doctors who were at once good citi- fsena hiiu houu uiiiois nave nail to iacc b TlimlannrlH nf ritir IipmIiIi iriiitftlinu ti..... "lieen quick to aid their country b enlist- ivment in the army medical service and the I? 7 Jled, Crosf. Without Impugning in the least their :!'H&lrlt of self-sacrifice, it is worth reflection fi'jf that they also serve who stay at home and -work in the homes and hospitals. Xo uni. v.. form labels their devotion to the health 'security of the city. Hut their perform ance, though tinspevt'icular. is none the im arduous. It is an unavoidable conse qtaence of war that the supply of doctors t;',la1 unequal to the demand. ( Sm... ii.i,.... - .... 4...C .coinmii,i..y in me .uuuceu ranks 'ahomc Is high. The spread of the grip i 'enlarges the aspects or heroism. The " o&nplexltles of the situation are now sucl that doctors will do well to balance their uMIgallons before flttly deciding that over. ''aa work has an umiuallfled claim on tfcelr services. -" i - ,1'; ' The schoolgirls who have tlocktd from tfatr hat'trimmlng courses to the Industrial 'Biant were evidently of the opinion that the ' euMre'eniphMls on millinery was on the first liable, .TV TH LOSS OF THE TAMliv loss of the cutter Tampa and all personnel of US olllcers and men (a for tho Tnlted States the major disaster of the war. It Is for the -and otlicers that tho ' nation will The vessel was little and slow appears to have been taking undue by breaking far away from the $asels ot a convoy As u lesull she troyea oy a torpedo or a mine off nh coast. our losses ut sea have been pro--' triy less than those of any olfier L Some U-boat captain may enraptured at the opportunity 'att an American war vessel. Yet II those of Ms servlco have by bitter reason to know that the navy can take care of Itself. all of our patrol vessels are on aide. Loss is to be expected. In Of time the Tampa will be .&. tori WiTfG THE (MP Drastic a I: Is, the Closing Order Warrant" Aercptance as a Sane Preventive MeaMirc TITITII disease, aa with nn embattled ' enemy in war, unconditional sur render is dependent upod unconditional rlpor and severity of opposition. Upon this pertinent principle is wisely justified the most drastic Rcnernl closhiK orders executed in this city and State for many years. It is highly likely that parleying with the Spanish grip was largely responsible for its extension in. this country. Vic tory over it, to be complete, can be won by prompt and decisive measures. Doctor Krusen has taken them in issu ing his ruling whereby theatres, churches, motion-picture houses and other places of public assemblage ate temporarily shut. The regulations of the State Health Commissioner arc even more com prehensive and compel the closing of saloons. Rightly viewed, the rigor and sudden ness of the orders should inspire confi dence rather than anxiety. Any indul gence in a case of nerves over the situa tion is folly. Philadelphia in its history has experienced more dangerous and even more contagious epidemics than this twentieth century form of grip. Plagues of the past have thriven on dilatory treatment. The well-organi7ed offensive against poliomyelitis in VJV't te sulted in its virtual extermination heie. Coming in the summer time, the regula tions naturally interrupted the normal course of metropolitan life much less than the present ones. On the other hand, swifter and sharper strokes ngainst infantile paralysis might possibly have speeded its extinction. The present action of the health au thorities is taken less to conquer a great crisis than to prevent its existence. If transient hardships must pay for this foresight the price is cheap. A much more legitimate complaint on the subject is referable to the lightness with which the disease was regarded during its early manifestations. Thnt Spanish influenza was brought to this country by European steamships with which quarantine and port pfficials were lenient cannot be specifically proved, for several cases of it broke out in Greater New York almost simul taneously with the cables announcing its ravages in Spain. It is also a matter of record that the epidemic's double, origi nally called Russian grip, beat the fastest vessels in its flight from Europe to America in 1888. A theory that the germs were blown over the Atlantic by wind cui rents is still held. Nevertheless, it is demonstrable that the present epidemic did not nssume se rious proportions until after the Nor wegian steamship Rcrgensfjoid, with a record of four deaths from influenza at sea, had been permitted to pass the Now York quarantine and several persons suf fering from the disease had been allowed to land. The worst cases were treated in the Norwegian hospital, but were not isolated. On the voyage of the Hergensfjord two hundred passengers were smitten by the grip at one time. The American health officials were unafraid of infec tion because their diagnosis of the cases read pneumonia. As this disease has been proved to be the really perilous sequel of grip theie can be little doubt that indifference and its common ac companiment ignorance permitted a plague ship to pass muster. There are other instances of similar carelessness all along the Atlantic sea board, including one in this city with tegard to the British steamship City of Exeter, from which vessel three sailors, suffering from what was then called a "peculiar disease," died later in the Uni versity Hospital. It seems idle to ascribe the spread of influenza to the dastardly methods of the Hun while evidences of our own laxity are so strik ing. It is precisely lepiehcnsible disregard of precautions against which the present step of the Philadelphia health authori ties is sensibly taken. Hope, not dis may, should mark the leception of the closing order. Firm expectation that tho disease will be vigorously checked should be accompanied with scrupulous co operation on the part of each individual citizen. Fiesh air. censorship of the sneeze, plenty of sunlight and avoidance wherever possible of crowds are cardinal features of the personal campaign against the "flu." Facing the situation cheerfully, with one's armor fully girded against panicky irresponsibles, will hasten the return of normal health conditions and strengthen the hands of the authorities now ener getically working to keep the public well. -niest he the bonds that tie" our fighting into abroad to the strong summit of the treasure chfhts at home. A TRULY AMERICAN ALLY-I1RAZIL TOYALTY to her national motto, "Onlcm Li Prngreso" (Order and Progress), is stlrringh disclosed by ISrazil In the promise made by her American nmbassador of troops under the green und yellow stand ard on the western battlefront. Senhor Da Uumii, who wu the siKikes man for his country when its national colors were unfurled ut the Liberty Loan Altai" of Libert)', In New York, has fore cast n co-operutlon In the cause of free dom wholly In keeping with the Ideals animating his native land. Among Ilrazll's contributions to progress have been the emancipation of her slaves without bloodshed and the converJlon of a monarchy Into i. republic without the loss of a single life, For years she has been a bulwark of ran-Amerlcar.'sm among the Latin nations to the south of us. For years the 14th of July has been a holiday in Brazil I. because she took any actual pert in that world-shaklnt; event, bit b, KVKlflTfll WUBJjIV III! Illll ft, I I taue her sympathy with all -ifteraJtem k. Instinctive ami tincxllngulshable; Her break with Ocrmany was born ol spontanecous and unselfish enthusiasm for the right. Already she has backed up her words with deflnlto contributions to tho Allies' naval power. Numerous dllllctiltles, Including thoso -ot transput t. stand In tho way of tho dispatch of a large Brazilian army to lJuropo, but her eventual representation on tho battle fields Is scarcely to be doubted,' As an earnest of run-American solidarity, the ef fect of such a contlnrcnt, however small, would be superb. Freedom has Indeed a sincere and zealous champion In the second largest nation on this continent. Shakespeare amended to lit u mnida clous emperor: "l-.'asy lies the head that wears a crown " JUST A PAINTED DECO TT WAS the Archduke Maximilian ot Aus tria whom an attempt was made to foist upon Mexico as Its empetor. Hut he was shot by the Mexicans. Now wo ale told that It is another Maxi milian this time a pilnce of Haih'ii whom the Kaiser has selected as his Chan cellor as a sop to the demands of the I2n tento Allies for gteater dcmocriry In tlei mii ny I'rline Maximilian is an able and amiable man. ald to be In pcisonal sympathy with the element In Germany that favored lib eralizing the Government before the war. Hut tho Impel lal Chancellor Is the per sonal agent of the Kaiser. He holds ofllce at the Kaiser's pleasure and Is responsible only to him. No adverse vote In the Itelchstag cun force his teslgnatlon, but In- can dissolve the Iti'lchstiiK with the con sent of the Kaiser and order u new election if the existing Itelchstag tries to make trouble. The promotion of .Maximilian can be te garded us nothing more than a move In the game the Kulscr is playing. That he Intends to surrender any of his power or to tuin his back on the military party Is incirdlble. No one outside of Germany accepts In good faith the Kaiser's lcmark to von llertllng on his resignation that the Government must be made more demo cratic, and It Is doubtful It any one In Germany is so foolish as to believe that this l email; leveals any change of heart In Wilhelm. Gciiiiaii" 1. seeking lo save as inn. h as possible from the wieok of her umhi tlous plans. She will tuljt about popular government am the tights of the people so long as It seems to servo her pirpSies. Hut the abdication of the Kaiser is moie probable than his consent at the present time to the establishment of a ministry tesponslble to a Itelchstag reallv repre senting the German nation. Nothing of this kind Is likely lo hap.ien until revolution threatens the rot-dum gang, and there is no credible evidence that revolution is ut hand. It may come when the Kt iser's armies are completely and dlsastiously defeated in the Held .ml when the Germans realize how they have been duped for four years, The part of wisdom just now Is to dis count by about 100 per cent every cport ot liberalizing tendencies that the military censors allow to be sent out of Germany. Never tll us he Spanish are neutral after the direct attacks lur Influenza has luadt against us. "STRIPED. PANTS MAY WIN THE ViR" ryVJNG to the scarcity of wool the War '-' Industiles Hoard is nuking men with loats and vests fiom Milts of which the trousers are worn out to buj another pair of troupers ..f different material and take the coats from the closets and wear them. Thus necessity may revive a fashion which was once prevalent Thno was when the only persons in Kngland und Scotland who wore a whole suit of the same cloth were the herdsmen and farm eis. They raited their own wool and wove It Into tweeds for their own Use. The test of the men wore a coat of a dark colored cloth, a fancy waistcoat and striped ttousers. Then cheviots and tweeds came in and whole suits were made from the same piece ot cloth, until now In both Kngland and America a man careful of his dress would almost as soon wear eve ning clothes to business as appear In a suit of which the trousers were unlike the coat such slaves aie we to fashion. Theie is no leasou, however, for object ing to striped trousers with a dark-co'.oicd sack coat. And thcio Is economy both of wool und of money in getting all the war possible out of a coat, even though tjie trousers which matched it lire no Ioniser in tit Lomtllion for use. Instead of blowing about skillful retreats the Germans would be Vt est aril the Course of K.nplrc, more Justified In bul letining the progress nf their soldiers toward I'arls, London and Washington. It Isiilll dally announced that the Allies took 60,000 prisoners last wtek, Turkey appears to With lirstnut", have been stuffed by You Mean Germany with the same old sort of lying promises that were used by Uerlln to corrupt all Hi'" other allies of liunlsm. Yet It is com- fortivig to know that the Allies are going to have tin- Kaher's Turkey for Thanksgiving. Now that King Al I'uttlMK (lie fonso is down with In- Mail In Madrid fluenza, Spanish grip seems to have earned Its title Nevertheless, it is n safe bet that any kingly Indorsement from the royal palace In Madrid will be Indignantly withheld. Turkey is said to bo "moving toward peace." If she doesn't hustle a bit Alleuby ahead of her formal I lie tiiol.e of I'eare or I'leces will give it to her wooing. The grip that has Troubles or Kings prostrated Alfonso of Spain isn't as uncom fortable us that which Is tightening around Wilhelm of Germany. TI. Don t sneeze in public, Buy Liberty Bonds. It's an 111 germ that bodes the bchoolboy no good, "Law declares end Is coming," says a headline concerning the Kngllsh parliamen tarian. And '"Und declares 'law Is coming" Is an equally truthful statement at this Jiir.cturu, ) JMfM aodU WRATVRE AlWWARi By Dart Haley TO It HAD the newspapers nowadays la to feel like one who vvntches nn almost un bearable drama hi Its progrtss to the end of the third net, when the ncllon quickens toward final denouement and the ultimate revelation. The entire background Is filled with tho glittering structuro of nn rmplre about to fall. In the Intervening bjuicch nil of civilization Is crowded and grouped for a climax that will shake the world. Now, It was to have been expected that the lords of letters und the crowned heads of literature would play In these mighty hours the part of the Greek chorus and ex plain and celebrate fittingly tho Inner mean lug of each succeeding crisis nud develop ment. It Is amazing, therefore, to realize how little the accepted writers In Kngllsh or In any other language, for that matter have contributed to our knowledge of the war, to our conceptions or our understand ing. Staccato cable dispatches sent along from the front and crowded Into tho news columns tell more than the books of the war. The messages written by unnamed corre spondents from muddy dugouts, simple truth compact In a few sentences, nie often ade quate to touch your henrt like sudden music. Muimvhllc the men who made an art of literature have failed. Tho truth. In this In stance, Is too wonderful to be adorned as they are accustomed to adorn It, , H(! WHI.LS has written books about the . war. yet he has succeeded only In show ing how the universal agony has touched a reflective mind and stimulated a novel phi losophy Wells himself, as he Is discernible In his iicent work, Is more tragic than any llguie In ids narratives. He is the humane man, dazed, dissatisfied and disillusioned, fiierlng helplessly in a tog in search of goals and reasons and Justifications, and n way out. llernard Shaw wildly scolded tho Brit ish Government for n while and lapsed Into silence after thcyell of defiance that Is the piirog.itlve of his race. Kudyard Kipling wmt to the North Sea to write about the llrltlili navy. Hut the people in his great narrative were only Mulvaney and the Brush wood boy and Mcl'heo In new guise It was a news l-orrespondont somewhijre In north tni" Itussia who could tell of a Russian tor lieiloho.it destroyer that fought a hostile fleet and ktpt her guns going even as she sank hi flames Joseph Conrad, one of the new great mas ters of Hngllsh. has been slUnt about the war John Mafled went to Gallipot! to write of the battles there. But he wiotc of the sea and lis striving people Instead. Much was expieted of I'at MacGlll when he went to the front after writing a book that convinced Ihigland of his genius. MncGlll, when he sat (low n to w rlto ot the great war, was witched by the humor of the Irish regiment In which ho served and he wiote ot that. And so, while an Inaudible voice sings the aunies forwaid and though the soldiers see visions in the night or In the midst of battle, the crow ned beads of letters do not seem to hear or sie Kipling wrote two stories of the war, mid in lach he merely strafed the Germans. Ol'H own Henry van Dylte represents ade quately enough the general failure of American letters In the war. lie appears on the great stage at Intervals, with borrowed emotions, chanting aniid the thunders and the lightnings things that might be sung In a moonlit garden to the accompaniment of a ukulele. And theie ale moments when Doc tor van Dyke appears to think hj nisei f an In spired voice! rinreds and patches of verso written by poets who become soldiers touch the war more closely. Alan Seegor left tome verse before he died that might have been .sung by any youthful warrior, since It Is tilled with the mystery and the sense of fatal Ism that must descend on every man who fiels himself moved onward to a glorious or terrible end by forces which he can neither see nor understand But the war has bafTled even practiced Imaginations. It Is too big to grasp. Most ot the poetry written around It merely tinkles. Its meanings cannot yet be clearly seen. For the war has a new meaning for humanity. It waits only on the Interpreter. INDHRD, when the war has been over for a time, when the nations can think calmly again, It is likely that the general estimate will Involve for all the peoples of civilization some new si rise -of contrition somo vuguo sense of error that contributed lo the causes of the disaster and tin awareness of faults not to be excused even by tho explicit, guilt of Germany. Had the world been right, had It been propel ly educated, would It have permitted the growth and spread of the ma lignant forces of Germanism In liurope? Would It have tolerated the sort of compro mise that made of pne royal family so ter rible a menace to peaceful men and peaceful nations" The manner In which the war lias been fought shows plainly that something deep In human consciousness is opposed to much that has been toleiated and applauded In the older systems of government. All the martyrdom of the past, all tho epics, have been surpassed by tho men who have been lighting m Hurone. What has netu.ne,! iimi,,? What do they want? What light do they sco at the end of their terrible road? Surely It Is the function of literature to explain all this. Literature may explain it later on. It may explain the war. No ONi: has yet trieil to explain the war fullv. Frenchmen have tried and failed. Itonuilne Holland trle.l passionately at She outset to make It appear that only an Imagi nary border line divided French and Ger mans. He was expelled from France. An dreas Latzko, who was an officer of Hun garian troops for two years, has written the most terrible of all the books that the war has pioduced. It Is a passionate, an almost hysterical outburst of hatred and rage dl leetcd against empire and kings unci gen eral". It is full of tattered corpses unJ men with faces shot away. Tho book was sup pressed In Germany and In Austria. Till: unnv orde-rs of Joffro and Foeh will, It Is said, make an epic literature In them silves when they are printed. Meanwhile news from the front Is the .best literature of war produced in a thousand wears. Dally and hourly, as a narrative of stupendous truth. It is more valuable than anything be tween hook covers. What Do You Know? QUIZ .' "'Knli;, tfr'.'hr.ttnj'.W" f-"" "" "' V !! '" '. " . ilmii.it Irilte? J. When N Halloween anil li.( , Xlr r.ini . ., """il'iE nf Hie te.llial? "rifin.il .. ,..,. ,, ,, nnrieni '.iirt or Til i-onri? ... tjliu w, ToiisMil.it 1,'lluirrtiire? B. Win. I. l,e .reent KIllB or Arilbla ttlm en .. ...,fr.'d 'n.asnn nit i r.eneral Allenn.? J. U hut . i. "ft areonmll"? 'enn7 " "'.'". "I'.1'1. .Tn'th 1" straimer tluiii notion hut It Is lieraiisr. trull. ohllced to ?rk .. .. ,'" .""lMllllesi llftlon N nnl"? MICK II. Hint ,ern,.ln liri.irr la u M to ), ., , named in, the new Thanie lor of (lermint? ill. llo .,,.. i,r, .iid TheoUore Itoosetelt tun for the iirexldrneyT "Tit run nwers lo Yesterday's Quiz J" .'ri,M',"mn' 'i '.'"'"d"" ?' Ilulearla. S. 'The inllk nf human kl.iili.e.s" fron, . "Vlailieth." '"' ' MHcb"" "' ."hake-r'eJre' 3. Irlnus l it final eiamlnatinn ut Cumbrian I'lilierfclti. i:i.liid. or (he llt wherein i iiiil.IUI.eu- the. names of the sue-Yellf," ?,,! illillle.. The v.or.1 I. derltril from trliM.il and r'.'fr." idTk. '? "' t'lree-leiiiceif stool, on "o sit "'"drnu under elimination uied I, The word "(irlnro," used Id Metlrans to dr. .- .... .... I-..,,. ", Vl,!'s ti'. e- -. .......... .,, ,.- .iinru j.uiea i, lusen Hi (iaina nus a I'ortuauese asm hi i.am.i muh a rorluauese nutlcatur "'!" dUeotered the seu route In India In 6. "Miiirn limn" Is an American word ilesrrintlTe of u man who mills himself aloof from iiarlj nollllrs. 't i drrlteil from the ulmrli inul word "miiiiiiiomn." "area! rhlef." ., llanmsrus Is the largest ellr in hirla, with a noriiilutlon of about u quurter of u million. T".?i",fV,.".n I "sldents were Inaiituralrd In liillailelnlila Oeorce. Washington (for his . .l,?Pd1 ''. "nil John Adams. , The I edera llureau of , htamlards Is eon. rerned win. H.e ereutlon and comparison of standards ul wrlchta and measures In seieuce, encliirerinc und toinu.erre. I lis tenting of meusurins; unnaraliia and the accurate solution ot i.mblcms urlsl.n In connection with stundards. ID, Klba. to which atiolron was banished In 1811. Is M sin ill islaiid In the. Mediter ranean rust uf C'ursua, It h-inni to llalr. iftiiaiS, a u ,-.,. KfuMMt.uii ui .ne first words of an !',,'!. "?'.' '"''"d"' "ireen row the rushes" III" The tone nas jery noiTular umonr Ihe 1 x toll V ,roon" uhhh Invuded Mulco In SUPREME CHANCE NOW FOR THE ALLIES By PHILIP GIBBS Contlniieil from I'tice One It Is now Octobor, and the men who are advancing today belong to the. same divisions us those who fought back hi the desperate rear-guard actions when the enetii? flung his massed armies against them lu March. These are nun ot tho same divisions who fought In the beginning ef thp British offensive bat tles when the tide turned In August, and every day since then or nlmost every day they have fought forwaid thioMgh trench systems and village fortresses against tho desperate resistance of the German troops until they have thhty miles of liberated land behind them, from Albert to Lo Catclet, and every mile of It Is strewn with relics of their frightful stilfe. They have loyt many comrades on the way this wake of war Is scattered over with little white crosses and new drafts come, out to fill the gaps, but tho spirit of the old divisions goes on und new boya mingle vvltli veterans not much older than themselves, and carry en the tradition. They are Just worklngmen of Britain and the colonies, fanners and factory hands, clerks and ollice hoys and lads who were at school four years ago, und. with their steel helmets nnd tneli khaki with dust and mud on them, they are all reduced to u dead level of humanity and discipline, and ono sees no difference between them. They Keep on CJoliig One ve.ung Tommy, trudging along the, road. Is the type of all Brltleh Tommies. One lean Australian stands for all Australia, one Canadian for all Canada; but In this mass of men theio have been revealed anew. In recent weeks, a high and wonderful aver ago of courage and devotion to some Ideal that burns Inward and does not flame In their eyes or in their speech. Day after day, they tight and trudge on through fields ut lire and, whether death may or may not come, whether they have a few hours or no sleep whether their bones ache vvltli fatigue or tlielr bodies are wenk with their burden of toll, th-y keep on going until they I each the breaking point which Is In human nature. , , . Knowing tho frightful hours ahead of them, they go toward the enemy's guns; know Ing well the full cost of v Ictory, Ihey go nnd claim It There Is nothing funny In shell fire, but they kill their fear by some magic they have and many who are afraid to do the most heroic things. Not only the men, but their young otli cers and their headquarters staff; do not spare themselves tho last spark of, vitality; and a tribute Is eluo to inose urigaue ana divisional corps and army staffs who have been toning for victory and what help they can give their men, In the old days of trench warfare they lived In a chateau or far behind the lines and wero tnrge.ts ot r-atlro because of their comfort. There Is precious little comfort for tnein now, ana the corps flags und divisional flags fly over holes In the ground, amid old trenches und old ruins, and generals and their ofllcers are very far forward with Ore hostile fire digging pits around them, while In the German dug outs abandoned by the enemy they direct battles within sight of them nnd snatch a few hours' sleep In somo narrow bunjc be tween cozy walls, IfShey have the luck to sleep, livery other day now they seem to shift their lodgings In tiro earth to some spot further forward. Yesterday, for instance, I met a general washing outside his dugout like a private soldier whom only a week or so before I had nut In a dark cave fifteen miles back, which Is a long way to fight when every yard of It Is under fire. Ko the whole army Is animated by tho single purpose of grim endeavor to make baste to victory, so that the world may get back to Its sane life and men to their women and babies after these years of exile and agony, Average Men, Tl.rae Heroes I already have written accounts of the astounding feat of the Sixth MldlanuVOIvl slon, which on Sunday last flung itself across the Scheldt canal at Uellengllse and captured 4J00 pVlsoners, great numbers of guns and over 1000 machine guns, but further details that como from these Lelces ters, Stafford and Sherwood foresters In crease the marvel of this achievement, which will rank In history as one of the most heroic episodes ot the war. These men were not romantic fellows, like Qreek heroes. Theyweru bootmakers ;PrTWra4 to trvkvrtn from Leicester and lacemakers fiom Not tingham and potters from Arnold Bennett's five towns, where life Is rather drab and Its color Is monotone. I met them several years ago near Armentleres and afterward at "Funky villas," as they call Fonqucvlllers, near Hebuterne, and the Hobirr Hoods of Sherwood foresters Ih their steel hats and their muddy .khaki would have frightened Friar Tuck It he had met them on a sum mer's day all under tho greenwood tree of that orchaid In Hebuterne, where every day birds t death came howling. Their look was as little heroic as that of any of the muddy men who trudge along tho duck boards leading to shellllie, but the spirit of England's old heroic soul was in them. Bootmakers and potters and laceniakors and factory hands of the Kngllsh Midlands practiced for their passage of the canal. One of their brigadiers, a V. CI he has the Eliz abeth touch' of character borrowed llfe beUs from a leave-boat and, putting one on himself, went down to the Sonmie and led his men In wading and swimming the river, which is cold these days, and taught t,hem how to keep their rllles dry and their heads above water. it was with these lifebelts on and with . scaling ladders and hand grenades and haw sers that the Midland men went forward to the canal in a thick fog last Saturday moi nlng and made their crossing. Shels burt about them, machine-gun bullets whip ped the water and the banks, but, some swimming, somo wading, tome hauling them selves across on ropes which they fixed by throwing lead lines across, and then by the first men over pulling the ropes to the other side, they gained tho German banks at Bellengllse and forming up In Hue went nlrca'd to LehaneourL nnd Jlagrry-la-Fossa. On both hldcs'ot the valley the Geimans had their guns. The gunners were firing and hard fighting ensued before the guns could be captured. Some of the tanks were -cho first to advance upon these gun positions and came under dlre'et fire ut close range. , Before tho Midland men clejed In with large numbers the Germans were In hiding In the great tunnel by the canal. Thousands of them 'who wero efbwn there would not tome out, hoping to fight again. The British waves passed and then en countered mines to blow up the troops. One ot the sappers, advancing almost alone and cutting down two Germans who tried to kill him as he crossed the bridge, hroko tho leads of the mines and raved tho lives of many of his comrades, Oner.of tho captured German howitzers was placed'at the mouth of the tunnel and fired down, it made u noisi as If mines had been blown up and tho bowels of tint earth were rent, nnd before its echoes hail died away tho Germans came rushing out of their tunnel In a mad panic and were captured by the Mid land men nbove, who, by this day's work It was all over by 10 o'clock that morning had seized the key of the Hlndenburg lino above St. Qiientln, Tho enemy's withdrawal from ihe La BaBsee neighborhood was preceded by a heavy bombardment n a final salut'o from his guna which had ravaged this mining country for four years, and then his troops stole away on a wide front, leaving only a few machlno-guii crews hero and there, The British, amqng whom were Lancashire, Scottish and Irish units, followed up as soon as the withdrawal was noticed and went Into tho empty trenches round about Aubers rldgo and through old ruins such as thoso of Wlngles, Salome and Illlebe, Into which the British poured shells year after year and whoso tow. era they have seen, ns I have seen them fr.om the trenche'S about Sullies and tho Hohen zollern redoubt. There are no towers there now, for the enemy destroyed them before ho left by fire and explosives. In Cite St. Auguste, that mining village northeast of Lens, Into which ome Gordons went on tho first day of tho battle of Lops In September, 1015, and never came back again, there were Wednesday somo rear-guards of machine gunners, and fighting took placo there, before the British rooted them out. Elsewhere scarcely a shot was fired, und the enemy went away rapidly to his new lino ot 'defense, which may possibly run behind the Houte Deulo Canal at I'ont-a-Vendln to tno outskirts pf Lille or rather to the edge of those formidable defenses around Lille, whlcn make tha.fT8wn a strong fortress. The abandonment of Cite St. Auguste means that Lens itself has been delivered Into British hands with the neighboring coal delds for which the English and Canadian troops have fought such long and fierce bat tles, and our men are now going through Its ruins. The report comes to me that one of the British cavalry patrols met a German patrol on the road southwest of Fournes,' which Js northeast ot Illlcsu, but. I urn unable to confirm that by certain knowledge. In any e-ase, however, the British are far for ward from their own line of ye-Bterday and from ruined villages like Salome, and they are staring nt the chimneys and roofs of Lille, which seems near, though perhaps a river of blood away If we tried to take It now Buttle for Cuinlirnl Meanwhile, further south, hi tho ie.il btelrm center ot the present fighting, Cam l.ial still remains In German hands, within a closo glrdlo of British lines. North of the city tho Canadians did not attack yester day and are holding tbelj gains against that mass of men which tho German high com mand concentrated there In order to safe guaid their line between Cambral and Doual, which would ho vt deadly consequence If bioken through. South ot the city English and Scottish troops are In the suburbs and streets close to the Faubourg St. Sepulchre and the Fau-bourg-dc-Parls, and drew closer last night by the capture of a leelcmbt near the last named avenue-, from which there conies the patter of niachlnc-gun bullets. The enemy has organized a strong machine-gun defense of Cambral under some commander who knovy-.s his job and posted lis gunners on the rtAifs of Cambral, with a clear field of fire over the glacis below them, where the British havo to move In the open. There do not seem to be many troops apart from these machine gunners In Cambral. After msgracoful orgies r.f looting. In which otlicers Joined with their men, the city was put out of bounds to nil German troops, except the garrison of defense. Several new fires were started yesterday and aro burning today, their flames red lunong' the houses, nnd there are also big llrfi In the neighbor ing villages, like Nlergnles nnd Caurolr. The chief lighting yesterday was a good deal bouth of Cambral, where the English anil Australians made an attack shortly after G o'clock. , Here the enemy had a strong defensive line, which Is part of the Beaurcvolr-Mas-nleres line, broken further north, and hi front of It there are a number of Wages, all strongly fortified for maehlne-gun de fense and nhle to bring an erfulading flro from one to another verf terrible position to attack and not easy to hold. One village called Sequehart has been the scene of fiercp fighting for two days or moro by the men pf the Thirty-second and Forty-sixth l-lvislons. Twice they captured its garrison of -00 men, and now once again It has been taken. The troops nghtlna here have advanced successfully and taken nearly 2000 prisoners. Beyond Vergles and north of them the Australians have gone forward south of L Catclet and Gouy toward the Beaurovolr line, having hard fighting round the village pf Wlancourt. )n the left of the Australians, English tioops captured Gouy nnd Le Catelet, which, by error, had been claimed In somo papers as already In British hands. Three thousaiu. prisoners nt least have been brought back today, and If the British break tho Beaure voir line there Is not much to hold them back from L!Cateau, whero the qld "Con tcmptlbles" fought on their' way down from Mens In the first days of the-war. On tho right of tho lino above St. Quen tln, the French army was moving Wednesday nt 1 o'clock, but I know nothing of Us part In the battK It Is wonderful weather, with sunshine like liquid gold In the fields, and a bky of un clouded blue. Even tho ruins of tho battle fields have u spell ot beauty lu this light, 'and I notjeed how their broken walls, daz zllng wllte, and all tho ruhblsh heaps of timber and bricks and twisted Iron were touched with a kind of glamour. The sun is shining over the sweep of bat tle from the Alsne to the' sea, and on the British front the steel helmets of the men are all agllttcr as they move forward with a sense of victory. Chain Armor , An Ingenious Improvement has lecently been made to the already familiar steel shrapnel helmet In use "over there." It Is designed to protect tbo eyes and the upper part of the face from splinters of wood, stone sand and metal thrown up by exploding shells. The new device Is merely uu adaptation of the chain doors which have been Introduced Into metal, chemical and glass works In recent years to protect the workers from the heat of the furnaces and the splashes of molten metal. It consists of a fringe of separate short length? of fairly heavy chain which effectively urrestji tin .liylpg particles I'opular Sqltmce Monthly, N t , t- , -i . ' A :,SK t -,sli ' T;.vsva ,.- v 1 ?'' i5 J, Eateii It,. mmm &g mm tmm
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers