$f KS !?' gT'sL.."'!. .. $ut$c Set&i: EVENING TELEGRAPrt PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY fcmtJS It. K. fMttlTIfl Trunin firiM H. Ludlnrton. Vice Prealdentt John C. tft. fjecrst.ry anil Treasurer. PhlllnH Colllna. ITB, Williams. John J. Spurgeon. Directors EDtTOnlAt, nOAHD; Fit ' CCS H. ytVlD E. BM1LET Cruel II. K, Cestui. Chairman MtttK C. MARTIN. . .General lluilnesa II an user r-: Published dally at 1'iblic I-cdum Iiulldlns. inaeptnaence sujjuare. I'nuaaeipnu i Cbxtral.. .. .Itroad anJ Chestnut streets KTIO Cut.,.,. I'irii'Untoit Uuliainr inu .zoo .Metro no man Tower OIT. ...... ...... ..... .....401 i'tird Itullillnir IjOcIS... 1008 Kullerton Tltillrllnc ifCatfO.. ..1202 THbtirff llulldlnir tvV news bukkavp WiilUHGTON DtlKAC, v W V?. Pnf P.nniilvinti li. u rut 111k 7t fltlwToiK TtLBlciU... .. . ,' The Mm Itulldlnr 4jvnw iiviuui ijouuuu j inirs J?, SUBSCRIPTION TERMS ?T1 Ktbniso Public jLedob Is served to tub j,teHbr In Philadelphia and surrounding towns lVJP th carrier. i joy mull io pom m uuisiue 01 i-niiauripniH. in v mm I on s, postage free, fifty (3U cent pr month. VfBlr $0) dollan per ear, pajable tn adance iZ J,T to mi loreifn countries on i) dollar pr JS-Ve- NoTica Subscribers tv I shine address changed fcust slve old as well as new address. rVif IV fclLL. 3W0 HALNLT k. KMSTOM". MAn 3OT0 PAtX Addrr$s alt communications to hxentna public AjTL XaCgger, inaeptnaencr square, rnuaaeipiua hh -,! . :rrz... .--- - - x Member of the Associated Press kWi" THE ASSOCIATED Pit BUS It cxrlu- ! l,)i Steely entitled to the use for republication ESr alt netci dttpatches credited to It or not gf'4 tnericwe credited In this paper, ana alio t.,. tke local ttwa published therein. pl All rights of republication of special dls- paicnei nerein are aiso icieiBra u 'ik.. Fhibdelphb, Mond.y. Srplrmbrr 33. 1916 : LIGHT NEEDED fcu TUDOE WESSEL has threatened to In K ' " stltute a sneelal nrobe with n lev to fs- determining responsibility for the death of a negro who was killed In one of the police stations during the su-called race rt-T-lnt. nf lint Tut- El"..... ... -.-', . , Aiuy me ouier utij u c iiiiiaiu in imih-h ft prisoner who was locked up with him In a cell at Moyamenslng Two district detectives at one of the downtown stations applied the third decree to a Bfteen-j ear-old boy who was an used t of the theft of $16. ' Kas the time anixed for the penodknl and Inevitable investigation of the polite nd nrlann Kslpm In this rlt " The revenue bill Is one of the hpt J.-"" answers to the Bill tax originated bv a i lTil.ValBA.. mnCA Hlnl.ll.. n.11n.l llViclli. ..t- 'afoAt iiiu c llifiiuij ..nticu ...iiiviiii SJ-- -- UNAWED AT THE BARRIER KT'vipEFERABLE to the Huns, there is no M-v respect that must she us pause. Time Qwas when the Hlndenburg line so innmi-f-v dated us. Save for Byng's brilliant et y V.1ifAi.lin nMnnl naaf fomlirnl rifinHt fl S-0year ago, comparative stagnation ruieu Vrfl the Allies side of that harrier or ooast- aJuifiilnesa for manv months of 1917. kyVfl 4U.. nw wtnn tl.a mcoMf eltitifirm R7ri ' ii. me H"-1"' .............. E. hv GMm nlnsnlv nUin tn rlAt m .1KI nil. -tttmn. But the resemblance Is onlj buper- fcjM nciai lie ji ensure ul riciiuu niiu iuk Utah on the line from the Chemln des lpames to Lens Is as mobile and persistent j-ra thaf nf an n rrtnn t tl Icltcirl tin VAT itl n for-ISulklnK antagonist. tvK The. last week has been one of limited gffi sharp offenshes of Interlocking effective- iL'tvesB. There is cumulate e advancement ard Cambral, St. Quentin and I.aon. Is a possibility that the menace fytJRalnst these three strongholds may reach r-B. maximum or intensity un at once. f""W. I. T- It 1. ..... ? iie variety vi runis mows win tnen ')i,jtove very xJetlnlte and vivid meaning One Krtf their significant features alreadv is thi kft, awe of Uermanj s "Great Wall ' is a thing fcv$ m thft nnnt- l i .' "x Questlon-alr is an cntirelj natural com ponent of drafts in a war-charged atmos phere. t' , " PLENTY OF JOBS FOR HEROES niHIS State's preparations to take tare " of Its disabled soldiers disclose both a "rjurage In facing grim facts and a well- f& organized humanitarian energ. The men ."iBady to make poignant physical sacrifices l&v fjjr their country, and indeed making them 2j jtoday, will want something more than ven. the most fervent sjmpathy when they return. They will want jobs Thev KWitKlUwant and deserve legitimate plates In KT.fr 4 Waai I Mil it a t ! T and unnlil rjtninliirA r1 i- lif primarily dependent neither on copde- BiC a.nttlnn nn run .lorlf Ir I. mirh nnsltlnns whlnh tlio Ktnto na. Pfirtment of Labor and Industry Is en- OMvonnB 10 ruunu up tor urave aeienaers ! rot pur liberties. Acting Commissioner Lew Ei'lt-Palniei has announced that as a lesult M aalnnMntf Aa lavi l OAl l J.....l .1 pRants, 47,321 jobs are found suitable for , Mrmanently Injured men. KPBvin men with lost evesiglu are not a-ailed out from self-support. .The lnves- ;Mition proves that with proper training -f equipment they can be emploved as r jcigarmakers or telegraphers. It aUo has PE-SJS?estlmated that 90 Per cent of the f& t, Ibled soldiers will be able to tesume &i ialr fnrmpr nrniinnflnna K3t ?: "" -r - .. tH x-BHuayivanmns, unairaia to ienct on f jifUb ineviiaDie bitterness of war, mas ie i,j!Jelce that impoitant steps to establMi a KCCHI readjustment with regard to citizens jworthy of the utmost expenditure of fore- fPr'mm" w ntii uiiuti rt. fe--j, Epitaph for a slain autumn mosquito "fft INEXCUSABLE MEANNESS p ncinici ci-uiiuuiii; nor moral lr.Jwtification in the citj's plan to halve ai irmy w ucficiiuciiis ul lis employes in I'aervice. A sense of patriotic obllga- l has Inspired many business concerns riclVe to families of employes In the war tJwK.'dlfference between the old wages and JtfJIfj, Government's, Financial obstacles . najvo sometimes stooa in tne way or the -' Maf intentions in this matter. By the 'cpeoposea out ;istea lor consideration In ells the city assumes that it is siml- Handlcapped. feU la absurd pretense. If the mil- ijlty as It is now run is reallj too pto care for public servants willing to Jthelr lives for democracv, the restora f solvency is a comparatively simple put the chair-warmers, gang super and privileged soft-snap holders ag rniiaaeipnta's income and the ,cnard for patriots who deserve it made much easier to bestow. The hoe business will go on In spite of auld be foremost In setting an ex- -t;"U waployeri. T3pfr? "''"ayfi - ' PEIVNSVLVANIA'S , WAR ACTIVITIES A Brief Rettmie of Them for hc Benefit of an Inquirer Away From Home and Others rpHE following request for Information has been received from a Pennsyl vania soldier: To the Editor of thcKienlng 1'uMic Ledger Str I would like to know If vou toulil give mo nnv Information as to how tnui.li of the war work our State Is doing I have lived all my life In Philadelphia We often get Into conversations and arguments about JMiat dlffeient SJates are doing and pome try to knock I'ennsjlvanla and Id like to know n few things I know ue ale doing more than our share In shipbuilding guns and other munitions of war An information you tan give me will he gteatly appreciated Private OEUItUi: V. fM.HMHNT Madison llarratks, Ordnance Department Oun Proving (Iruunds, Sacket Harbor. X V, Sept IS Private Clements is not the only l'cnn qylvanian who has discovered that there is a disposition outside of the State to belittle what we aie dointr Visitors from this city to Baltimore, for example, have reported on their return that some Baltimoreans knew nothing of the great work going on here. It is fitting, there fore, for the information of Piivate Clements, as well as for the information of men and women at home, that a biief summary of the war activities of this Commonwealth should be made. We have contributed oui quota of men to the army and navy as a matter of course. The exact number cannot be stated because it is changing fiom week to week. The figures today would be too small next Monday. The last official statement on the subject was made at the end of July, when it was announced that 202,350 Pennsylvanmns were wearing the army uniform. This did not include those in the marine corps nor in the navy nor in the naval reservo. It is piobable that at least 250,000 men are now in uniform. The money contributions should be considered next. Three Liberty Loans have been floated. Certain amounts were apportioned to each Fede-al Re set ve Distiict. To the distnct of which Philadelphia is the banking center SI 10, 000,000 of the first loan was appoitioned. We subsciibed for $232,300,250 worth of the bonds. We were asked to take S250. 000.000 of the second loan. Wc ofTued to take $380,350,250 of it. Of the thud loan wc were asked to take $250,000,000 and subscribed for $361,003,500. That is, we oversubscribed our allotment of the three loans by the sum of $334.(523, 000. In addition to lending our money to the Government we have raised millions for the Red Cross and fo- the Y. M. C. A , the Knights of Columbus and other war efforts nnd for Belgian and French relief. This money has been given outright. We have committees of patriotic women in Philadelphia, headed by Mrs. J. Willis Martin, M-s. Bayaid Hrniy, Mrs. Cornelius Stevenson, Mrs. Robc-t von Moschzisker and others, which are devoting their time and energy and money to all conceivable forms of war work. There are similar committees in Pittsburgh, Harnsburg, Lancaster, Wilkes-Baire, Scranton, Erie and other large and small cities of the State. There was organized in Pennsylvania the Friends' Constiuction Unit, composed of men with conscientious objections against fighting, but with an earnest de sire to do what they could to mitigate the horrors of war. They have been doing splendid woik for the lehabihta tion of the devastated villages of France, building homes for the homeless and re storing such houses as were left in a condition that made restoiation possible. Several hundred members of the Engi neers' Club of Philadelphia are engaged in war work of various kinds, to do vVhich they have abandoned high-salaiied posi tions or the'r clients and have given their time with meager compensation to the Government. A similar ,record has been made by physicians and dentists of the State. It is said that the proportion of Pennsylvania doctors in the aimy is larger than that of the doctors from any other State. Our medical colleges and hospitals have organized and equipped hospitals in France. Moie than a hun dred Pennsylvania business men have volunteered to serve without compensa tion as executive managers of Y. M. C. A. work in Europe for a year and they are now on the field. And nurses without number, trained in our hospitals, are engaged in their work, of meicy. Eve-y one knows what is doing in the Pennsylvania shipyards. It has been said by those in a position to know that 60 per cent of all the ships now building in the United States are building on the Delaware River. The fact that some of the yards are just over the State line in New Jersey and in Delaware does not take them out of the activities of this Commonwealth, for the men and ma terials used are obtained largely within the borders of Pennsylvania. One of the greatest factories for the production of gas masks is in Philadel phia. The Midvale Steel Worksvvithin the city limits, built the great guns with a lange of many miles which are to be used against German fortifications. The fact that they have been made is not a secret, but the number of them when published will astonish the Germans. The greater number of locomotives sent over to France to haul supplies for all the armies were made in the Bald win Locomotive Works now, as always, a Philadelphia institution. Shells and cannon in great quantities are making at the Bethlehem Steel Works. Our cloth ing manufacturers are making thou sands of uniforms daily for the soldiers. Our textile mills are weaving great quantities of khaki dotal from which they are made, as well as the cloth for tents and for covering lorries and muni tion dumps. The orders are given by the ten million yards. We also are making army blankets and hats and un- i "'nn derwear, as well as riflC-Ml medrfAl supplies in vast quantities. Typhoid and typhus serums used to prevent the spread of these diseases come largely from the great manufacturing druggists hee. Wc mnhe surgical instruments because the presence of medical colleges and their hospitals has made the development of that Industry necessnry, We hnvc cited enough to give some impression of the variety and extent of the war activities of the people of Penn sylvania. It would take this whole page to covei the subject. The reader will doubtless think of scores of omissions, but this article will have served its put posc if it helps those nway from home to a tealization of what is going on here. , The doctrine that half a loaf Is better than none is a dangerous snphMrv In war time, as the Hog Island management has ptomptlv realized IHi: SLiWTE WILL MAKE THE BILL S USUVL fTlHE House has passed the ipventie bill aftei lens than two weeks' debate, and now It goes to the Senate It Is announced that It will be Impossi ble for that bodj to dispone of It before election The President was hopeful that It might be enacted Into law before the l.ibeitv Loan drive begins nett Snturdjv. Hut Congiess, which Ins not adjourned politics, prefers to postpone the definite tiing of the new taxes until after the elector-, have voted And the House also prefeis that the Senate should take the responsibility of taking out the unwise and foolish provi s'ons which it has Inserted In ta bills for political masons The Senate has made iner.v great financial measuie for more than a generation in spite of the Intention if the fintneix of the Constitution that financial legislation should original? in the House. The Senate has on occasion gone so fat as to itmentl a House bill hv omit ting evcijthing sue the title and sub stituting an entlrelv new measure The countrj Is hoping that the Sena tors will do their ilutv hv this measuie hv eliminating fiom it its unjust and op. piesslve features and hv distributing the burdens nf the hoa taes more eqult ahh upon Ihe people Vpiopos of Oetitian I'riiphrllf submarine dlflkulties sl'e with Spain Prince Itallbot, the Hun am- hassadoi tn lint n it ion, asserts that 'one inuntrv mote oi less against UH will make little dirfettiue (it In othet woin uie fate of the liailiatians is aheadv Milled i:en If nnv of the llrmnlllnn ilt tmploves maceil How Woiih Into sharing their alatv with the ging denj that thev are dug-, tliex are tpilunlv riuallfjlng as tilliu- teirUrs H the pnwei nf his eloiution Hem Watd I'.eecher is said to hav e W Kli the Mrrs tli VlrsM been able to pronounce the word Mesopotamia In sui h a wav ns lo in ike pinple ir. Hut with (leimans foi his audience an KnglNhninn quite de void of oiatorlcal technique could draw the tribute of teais with those sjllables nnv time lie feels like it The German states ratriotiMti nun lie to their people for a living Thev leave It to their misguided "oldlets to lie on the battlefield JUST "THE PRESIDENT' GENERAL PERSHING S message to the President thanking him for his appre clttlon of the work of our soldiers in 1'iance recalls a tonlroversy that waged hotly in the earl.v das of the Republic Geneial Peishing's message began, "His Excellencj, the President of the United States" It is manv ears since such a superscription appeared on a communica tion from an American to the chief ex ecutive. Thete Is no foimula prescribed in the Constitution foi addressing the President. The Massachusetts Constitu tion directs that the Governor shall be ad diessed ns 'His Excellencv" and the Lieu tenant (lovernoi as "His Honor." But the Federal Constitution speaks mereli of the President and the Vice President. When Washington reached New York on April 23, 1789, preparatory to taking the oath of office as President there was much discussion In Congress as to the proper method of addressing him Joint commit tees of the House and Senate were ap pointed to devise a form They finally re ported that the forms of the Constitution were good enough The Senate was not satisfied and appointed n new committee, which recommended the stjle of His Highness, the President of the United States and Protector of Their Liberties. ' After a long debate on the subject the House appointed a second committee, but the two committees failed to agree on any thing und no leport was ever made It was suggested, however, that the Vice Piesldent be addressed as "His Superflu Piesldent be addressed as "His Superflu ous Excellencv." The House established the precedent which Is followed today bv directing its leply to Washington's first address to Congress merelv "To the President." This was too simple for manv and some com munications written by men who thought Washington favored greater formality were addressed to the President as "Ills Bxcelleno " It was said that Washington piefened "His Mightiness," after the fash Ion prevalent In the Dutch republic. But all frills gradually disappeared apd com munications for ears have been addressed either to ' The President," to "The Presi dent of the United States ' or to "Mr. President." General Peishlng lias reverted to the earlj and long-abandoned formula per haps because of the contagion of the Kiench example of formality In address. But the President lemalns merely "The President." The phrase of General Pershlngi would mean nothing unusual If used In Portugal, for every Portuguese in addressing another calls him "Your Excellency," as the com mon Portuguese word of address, "Vosse," is merely a contraction of the phrase which in other countries Is used only in addressing persons in high positions. PUBLIC r THE CHAFFING DISH PptlE Chnfflng Dish, always passlon- atel.v serving the public, has In stalled mi tip-to date hot storage room whete the ladles may store their furs during the winter months. TjM'RS will be kept safely, at the even slimmer temperature they are ac customed to. I T IS now cjulte tool eunuch to ills. cam summer wraps, io not delay - . . this or the frost may get Into vour furs. Svnthetic Poems i Marksmanship The lolling barrage of wolds Apparently wins . The argument, ft But Truth Is more often hit By the snlpei. Frustration A man I knew hj sight And also h heiilng Said, "I have u good stoi) For nu " After I got in mind the corner I thought what 1 should have said: "That Is not a stor, It Is on hell loom " I hurried aftei him, But he was gone Charily They sav that a great many biewers Are pro German, But please remember That th ' beei Is not responsible For the opinions of the man Who makes It. Mv Questionnaire Mj favorite kind of scenery Is blown eves, Mv chosen foim of endeavor Is peeling the froth from The top of the tankaid. I)en Yourtelf If ou haven't any ideas, Don't woirv You tan get along without them, Mun of the nltest people do. False Colors Do not be alaimed bv the truculence Of in) poems 1 mvself am timid, dllaloiy, Fond of plentv of grvv. And I hate liquor. Mv motto Is the velvet hand In the lion glove Casually .Mans a family Has skidded badh At the family entrant c Disappointed Thete nie a great manv men Getting leadj to say (The d iv peace is declined): "How I wish 1 could have had a hand In wtlloping the Hun " One of Many The man who told me He invented indirect lighting, Was a Ha i. How about the moon' Call for Volunteers The Tiuth Is gieatlv Improved Hv not being uttered Assist in tills great woik! Reflection Women use shop windows to look through Admiring the goods dlsplajed. Men use them to look at, rinding them agreeable As mirrors Tli Trail of the Serpent One of the penalties Of being a human being Is this kind of thing. Lark of Ralantr The Piune Exchange Bank Refused mv account Because 1 tried to deposi A dew-spangled cobweb And a postdated sunset. Advit e Never try- to tell people in thing Unless They know It ahead. Even then, It is well to refrain While I'm in the Mood If there Is any kind of poetrj I haven't written, You might tell me about It And I'll do some. Wlial, Indeed? , A girl with brown eyes Said to me, Whet's the Big Idea? And to tell vou the truth . I hardly know SOCRATES. The French Foreign Legion, gallant rep resentatives of which have reached our shores, has for Its motto 'We never retire" which Is to sa) with lespeet to the foe these indestructible fighters neither have noi are resigned. Speaking of assessment mandates, the Major Beems to have started a little Balkan campaign of his own In these gripping das secret sneezes are just as necessary to the world's physical health as open diplomacy is to Its moral betterment. Those self-denying Y M C A chaps who are working for'nothlng In Europe are the very ones who are working for some thing. News that the civil Inhabitants are pre pailng to leave St Quentin Is the most gratlfvlng Indication that the uncivil popula tion will soon follow suit with a permanent departure. No matter what the Turk will say about It, the capture by the English of great stores of supplies and equipment In Pales tine demonstrates that they have made "material" progress The gas shortage In Washington signifi cantly happens to have been reported Just when Congress was taking its Sunday holi day. The beat way to avoid becoming bonds men otone type la to be bondsmen of another In the Liberty Loan campaign. Both Manager Plez and General Crow der have emphatically resolved that Hor Island stud! not become Jog Island. i .. . ;; rTSagliJalsfcilljrlPaJliffc F -r?3 fffiS. t Jr ' '.'WMBMaWaaaafflallaaaaaatieLlBaamigETa Jz iaHirflcf,faWKata359E5w c -RStBtBfj ErSaS'JaiScSftwK&'BcWWrWMij'ivtij rm. rTTrgvy IMrfTlfrrfcr-rJafarlanr liJ. It affl Wltflr i! ''' 4)U aatSkfaMh -BBBBBaWfKamliSaBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBaBlJsBlni WlDt. .J -Ml SaaaaJirraTiPMtirlSaTi Ifrflaff fliVT- -r ' IT rPT i t a3Ca air ?W;i5iw .MaffiffmS9twpaBlaHHBHBalv& mESMmi&k wr-SW??47. llilrik a AafaHiaf f laVCMlV tf 7, ' VaSjAyHaMRSSGUaBBBBBBBBaaBaffr-rx -nl w -f7 I 1 MMmJSiL' eaBaF JrfiCNS tk lrMlitnlT' TYvKMiiUtVTV 1 . . ''-hi ..-- I 4aUHt'tBr 'It Imh BiNPBTTwiWflWtt7a7"MgB3i- , i tJc't , .tjjrP-sirir ' uKlL, IsBuilmji ilMi MJmBBuSBBBBs""i J&Pv&z rt mSll ivtMHrc iBUBH3iaw.lip li.'ntiJJf"! ,.- 1,-mh I. ririiiililll 'I iriii I'll S.'V. J - .. OUR AIR WARRIORS OVER EUROPE Chivalry and Good Humor Are Characteristics of the Ameri can Style of Sky Fighting THl'S fin, of toui'-e most of the epic achievements in skv fighting aie to the ciedlt of British nnd Euiopeati nvlatols The.v weio winging It in blue battlefield, foi three vears before the Amei leans had tuken riving sciinuslv. Yet our own aces aro swiftly on their way to places beside the best of their piedecessors, and when the Lihcrtv motor Is finally broken to the war we piobabh shall have n Guvnemer of our own. THIS Is -aving much; for Fiance went Into moutnlng when Guyncmcr died, ii nil evei.v Fienth battleplane that didn't have othei piesslng work to do hung ibove the earth and watched foi his slaver -who was permitted to live Just two das after his gieat exploit. When Boelke and Immelmann, the great German aces, were hot down, Gcimanj son owed fiom end lo end Tliese men weio worshiped by then people because sliesses of war, Inti mately felt In Fiance and in German, gave them in popular Imagination the as pect of winged knights ever present to guaid the tlueatened land. Most of the great filers who Mist made an art of air fighting are dead. Major William Thaw und Lieutenant Bert Hall are the only two survivors of the Lafay ette Escadtille. Major Thaw, like D'An nunzlo, has been wounded time after time. One of his arms is almost helpless. The sight of one of his jes Is almost gone. And et he files. Hall was Invalided homo to America a ear ago. THE newer tnood of Amei lean' airmen have taken to the skies with equipment that would thrill the older fliers to ecstasy if they were alive today. The Ameilcans have the Liberty motor, the most power ful ulr engine in the wold. They have not jet been privileged to use It exten sively. It is an engine so powerful that it has toin airplanes apart In flight. The ability of the Americans to put this ma chine to the best uses when once they have the opportunity is being manifested dallv In the wotk they are doing with other motors. And to air lighting the Americans are contilbutlng something of noveltj. It was Captain Charles J. Blddle, of this cltv, who. after a battle a few weeks ago, had the honor of taking the first prisoner in the sk. Tho incident itself suggests something of the newer character that Americans are giving to sky fighting. CAPTAIN BIUDLE had a long fight a mile above the earth with a two-seated German plane. He killed the obseiver, who was filing at him with a machine gun mounted in the icar. The American aviator, had he followed thu usual course, would have finished off the enemy pilot with another round and gone tranquilly upon his way. Instead he spared the life of his adversary, signaled him to descend, flew along behind him, landed near the enemy machine and marched his prisoner Ave miles to the American lines. Eddie Rlclenbacker and the other Amer- Inn. nnii. t.ni n ilnna Hilnmi nxttn on DtlAA. liUII atca iiato uyuo tunica ,uiid na bjv-. tacular. But of the Americans It may be said that they seldom kill unless they have to. Many of the German filers on the other hand, have appeared to find a peculiar joy in tiring even at disabled and helpless men. They have been known even to circle about observers who tried to escape from damaged balloons and kill them by machine-gun Are as they de scended to earth with parachutes, Imniel- i i,V THROUGH THE SLOUGH OF DESPOND x pjm'iwnis4iBHf!ft(i,snetjtE-rcirte-3jw(t maun and manj of the other Continental fliers fought with an Intensity of reckless fuiv that tarried them often ffj the edge of disastei. Thev seldom tteated a help less enemy with mercy. fruiE moie recent achievements of Amer-- lean flieis, who have moie than once acteptcd great lisks In oider that they might spare u helpless adveisaij, mike it appear that there are two schools of air fighting. In one the tight only ends when nn enemv is dead In the othei the lllei goes forth to battle as he would go out to some pal ticulailv dangerous sport. Two books iccentlv wiittcn bv air veteians lllustiHte the essential dlffeiences that m iv be appal ent in the tendencies of air fighters Each aviator described his work in attacking intienched Infantry from a low altitude "We sprajed them with bul lets," said the American, "and they were demoialled. But 1 was glad when the order was issued to tiun back. It Isn't good spoi t. The men are too helpless." "It made my heait leap with delight," wiote the other avlatoi who, as a tighter with one of the other nimies, doubtless had the memory of poison gas and flame throw ern to embitter him "to drop to about a hundred feet and turn loose on them with the machine guns and see them diop or flee like rats for shelter," fTlHE avlatoi 's tiacer bullets have made - air fighting a tenlblo spoit. A tracer bullet has a small cavity filled with a, sub stance that Ignites and becomes Incan descent at the Instant of firing. When tiacer bullets are fired in a stream from a machine gun they leave a line of light In the air to guide the gunner's aim. In daytime the course Is matked by a pencil of smoke. It is with such bullets that the gasoline tanks of enemy machines are exploded. And one such bullet passing through an observation balloon will set its gas afire. RECENT cables indicate plainly that the American fliers aie on the way to add some new and startling chapters to the history of aerial fighting. One airman wrote lecently to say that the new De Ilavlland airplanes are "the fastest things in the air." An airplane is a fragile thing that is whipped and flung about In the air and subjected to unbelievable stresses. Yet all its delicate adjustments must be main tained. Tho Liberty motor was too power ful for the familiar tvpes of planes. When It Is given wings powerful enough our air warfare Is likely to amaze the world. Liberty Memorial Buildings The September Issue, of the American City, discussing memorials to the American soldiers that fall In this war, suggests that munici palities, Instead of erecting monuments to the heroic dead, begin now to pUn for torn munlt houses, to be known as "Liberty Buildings," which will help the living while at the same time commemorating the dead It Is suggested that the buildings be planned to include such facilities for recreation, culture, fellowship and public service as a practical idealism may suggest, apd that while one such building will be sufficient for a small city or town. In the larger cities sev eral may be needed It Is an Interesting nnd attractive suggestion, and doubtless will find many enthusiastic supporters Springfield Union, 1 . , Triends Wanted Vorwaerts laments that Germany has so few friends, but In the works of Treltschke, Bernhardt et al, It carl find a lucid demon stration that the function of a State Is not to make friends, but to exert power, Spring fjeld Republican, . nMPBl THE READER'S VIEWPOINT No Parallel Between Germany and the South To the Editor of the Eienlng l'ublic Ledner Ml It Is with special pleasure that I read Vout Instructive ami historically accurate article appearing In the Issue of the 18th, en titled "There Must Be u Repentant Germany." 'Iheip Is absolutely no basis for comparison between the Cotifcdetate South of yesterdav and the Germanv hr today It Is with the greatist regret that I have seen a wide spread manifestation of ignorance and preju dice in rtgard to this matter. It Is almost universal tluoughotit the North and is most unfortunate Oil the other hind, this attitude Is not un natural, nnd I am well aware that If it had not been for the fact that I am partly of southern parentage and that 1 have lived in the South I would have come to tho same conclusions and have evolved the same atti tude In other words, I should have learned from tho histories taught in this countrj for fifty j ears or more that the South fought In tho defense of slavery, and that the south ern people were guilty of barbarous conduct on the field and behind the lines I recall distinctly that at the age of ten and eleven I spent winters In Philadelphia with rela tives, and I recall reading Issues of Harper's Weekly In which were lurid pictures repre senting Confederate soldleis scalping their prisoners on the field of battle. Would there were throughout the North more articles written like the one jou have prepared under the title to which I have re ferred It would do much to lcmove sec tional prejudice and misrepresentation. It would help further to unite the country, even though the South Is doing her full share In support of the flag and the cause. MATTHEW' PAGE ANDREWS. Baltimore, September 20. Lunrh Is a Luxury To the Editor of the Evening Public Ledger: fair r want to congratulate nnd thank the writer of the editorial entitled, "lis Lunch a Luxury?" It covers the ground com pletclj'. Thej the restaurants to put it the short vvaj-, gouge us three ways both ends and the middle. They Increase the price 100 per cent on many articles and reduce the quantity and the quality of them. 1 asked the manager of one of the chain restaurants why they raised certain articles 100 per cent? He replied that they didn't want to bother with odd cents! But that didn't explain tho other two gouges J. S. C. Philadelphia, September 20. Try It on Your Piano Former Queen Lilluokalanl's genealogical chart has been considerably smeared up by one Jonah Kuhlo Kallanlanole, delegate to the United States Congress from Hawaii, who sajs that Lilluokalanl's Hawaiian cognomen Is Kahakaullakelllmoewalowalaulla, meaning. In plain English, "flash of lightning of the chief who sleeps along the stream of the Walaulla," Lll was socially known as Mrs. Nawahle. Savannah News. What Do You Knotv? QUIZ 1. What la the capital of nultarla? S. From what State dots Vice President Mar shall com.? 3. Wlint I; the orlrln of the expression. Ucmnt- tlon bow wow"T 4. W hut its a casserolef 5. What U an Isosceles trlantle? 8. What la Uie nifanlnr of (he musical terra andante? 7. Who wrot. "The Cloister end the Hearth"? 8. What Is the Salle lair as applied to Uie auc- tesalon in certain monarchies? U. Vthen did Str AWIUnm lllackstone lire and for what work Is lie particularly noted? 10. What Is the flar of Turkey? Answers to Saturday's Quiz 1. John W. ItaTla. of Weat Mrgtnla. has been Hiinnlnted American ambassador to Great llrltaln. 3. The nlaiiet Saturn U surrounded br rlnrs of luminous fuscous matter. 3, "Iloh" Is the colloquial kntllsh term for shlil- Inc. 4. An escarpment Is a steep bank, 6. A fiilqne Is a tie of llsht ronboat used In the llosporus. " 0. The. description of a cabman as Jehu Is an allusion to this passage In the ninth chanter lit, nussaef, In thM ntnlt. .I...U.. of hrcond Klnasi "And tho driving- is like tne "iriinuc tir Jehu, trie son of Mmsb.lt for lie ilrhelh furiously." 7, Incunabula are books printed before th rear 1-MHl. The word Is laitln for swaddling clothes. 8. "I,'e;'l l, the soul of wit" Is snlil by 1'olouius In sihukcsiieareN "Hamlet." 0. Th- -ir' "fec't." r-i incurring nn nnl-L Incs nfler the artist's noma Is Latin for imul." i 10. Tlij itiji"is.,tnirrlruu Mnr opened on si:, iihis. -jne ueuce protocol was 'Vt' . uu August am vi sua same year. v . r h i 5- fJil J 1 A k& V s I h . Vm, f!lijLi 'r..ji IM y-r cv
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers