W iu EVENING PUBLIC LEDGER-PHILADELPHU, FRIDAY, JANUARY 25, 1918 - pff-w.;,, in4ifiAi;p ft Eucmh$ public HcDflcv PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY f-TftfT str r mttorta .., $ !? V1 ,ntonJ "Vic Pretldtnti John C. viiMil'jf:' John 8pur'"n' EDITORIAL BOAIID: r. n. IiUI-. ?-. !??. .V".?. ..Editor JOHN C. MArtTIN... General Buelnets Manager 'published dallr t rustic f.snoga Building. . . Independe net Square, Philadelphia. Vl??i" CfSTaii.,.. Broad and Chestnut Streeti ATlAltTlo CITI Yeu-LTniait I)ullJln J. " ....109 Metropolitan Tower DrroiT... .....403 Kord llulldlnc Ti Locu. .x .. ......1008 rullerton Building CsKiao, , 1202 Tritium HulMlnt ... NEWS BUBEAUSl WiskirejTox Bessie. m.. ft.5,0.,i nniyhnU Ave. and 14th St. tI7, TfVF.?1"" ..-.The San BuMIng I.eKDos Heine Xlarcon House, strand rii Btaiav 32 Itu. Louis it OrnnJ SUBSCRIPTION TERMS -M' E,",i!?i,p?,l,,a. I'w l -iend to sub scribers In Philadelphia and aurroundlng towns at lh rat of twelve (IS) cents per week payable to the. carrier. ikP-Jt"?.1 L? F,nl2 ""'side of Philadelphia. In tha United Stalee, Canada or United Slates tv steelons. rojtago free, nfty ISO) centa rer month. al IMIcoUara r,r J'"r rayablo In advance. rtr-tU foreign eountHea on (l) dollar per rne-ntn. ifOTicr-SuberlbTi wishing address changed mint give old aa well as new address. BtLt. SOM TALMIT KKmo.NE, MAIN S800 - - C? tAfrcss oil coninmr'coKoin (o r.rtnlno Public T cdaer, fndereiidrnce Square. Philadelphia. - i i. ivrtito at thi rnitinctrsu tout oitics s sgcoso cues uiil vnria. &. '. - - - . - - -. . . . -. PailoUlpMa, Krldir. Jinuir; Zi, nil PROBLEM IN APPLIED PATRIOTISM ptriZENS could wish that our holds, -cstaurantB and trolley cars had the v undlty of rabbits. They inlglit In that . " bo able to satisfy tho demand!! of a papulation which has itself increased with j,h rapidity that congestion within the .iy rivals, It it docs not equal, the freight congestion tu New York. Wo do not attempt to estimate tho num ber of people who have been attracted to (his territory durlns the last few months by "the amazing Increase In Industrial pur suits. Wo do Know that the new ship building plants alone will require from ro'ff.OOO to 250,000 additional expert work men In the district from Bristol to Wil mington, which means a new population of Hot Icbo than a million. Moreover, tho Indications ate that the demand for skilled labor will bo Just a great after tho war as It Is now, drawing, however, from n larger supply. The new Philadelphia Is not a temporary Philadelphia. It Is a Phila delphia that has como to stay. Tho ex travagant estimates of yesterday arc to morrow criticized as hating lacked vision. The new population which wo hoped to havo In the distant future wo hae now, and the influx continues. Wo are amazed sometimes at the inertia which falls to take advantage of the fact. Consider as an example of possibilities the Chestnut Street Opera House, it stood in tho center of the city as a monument to a day that had passed. It was out of tho theatro district, men said, although xJe,itht almost opposite, seemed to keep Its- Grip on a large clientele. Soino gentle men of astuteness, however, concluded that a vacant Chestnut Street Opera House was ridiculous. It seemed to be on a proper site. Why not utilize it, par ticularly as the demand for amusement seemed to reflect tho Increase In popula tion? Some paint, some refitting, attrac tions of merit, according to tho taste of the day, and tho rehabilitated playhouse comes Into Us- own almost overnight! Too often a community bewails as liabilities posses sions that a little common sense would convert Into very real assets. Vfo havo an acute housing situation on our hands. The Government has con cluded to solve Us own problem by car rying through nn enormous house-con-xtructlon program for the benefit of em ployes at Hog Island. There arc some thousands of other workmen for whom no organized provision of any sort Is being made, so far as we can discover. There nro" many houses In the city which havo .een virtually abandoned for years. Somo of them earn no revenue whatever, while the value of others has seriously de teriorated. We believe that an energetic committee on the lehabllltatlon of old houses would add appreciably to tho housing capacity of the city and at tha rame tlmo offer accommodations consider ably better than are now paid for In some quarters. There are, too, many enormous old houses of an era long passed, some of which have been converted Into lodging houses and more of which are not being properly utilized. Many of them could with profit be converted Into modern flats. The man of moderato Income has to be provided for as well as the laborer. A scientific survey of the possibilities for supplemental housing would, we believe, lead to positive results. The situation demands "something, more than private en deavor, although many men, supposedly ihrewd, are overlooking opportunities to benefit their bank accounts and the com munity at the same time. Still the prob lem Is a public problem, a municipal prob lem, and the municipal authorities ought to grapple with it. ThU thing of simply throwing up our hands and crying, "There aro not enough houses" does no good. There are lltc-ally tena of thousands of cubic feet of Inclosed pace now valueless for housing, but ffbJch by the expenditure of some money -t. Mf brains could be converted into com- fertile quarters. There are lofts that cam be made into flats, there are houses H" .,.- i. ...kn,....4 .u Ittail au IO iciiautilLAtvu, Lucre u o ovfuic (abandoned hotels that can again be put trto ue. Let us anticipate Government JtUjldinf by doing a little reconstruction lflturelvcs. The energy that pumped '"Jo thfFtfhwIiiUt, Street Qpera House can lake somo hundreds of housing liabili ties In Philadelphia and transform them into housing assets, to tho greater good of the city as well as of tho owners, Let us show somo practical patriotism and back It with brains and money. NEW EMPIRE OF TRADE ACCOIIDINO to statements compiled by xTl the National City Dank our lmpoits from South America during 1917 were allied nt (377,000,000 moro than in 1913 and our exports amounted to (209,000,000 moro than In 1911. We nre doing about two and one-half times t.s much business with South America us wo did before tho war. While tho gicatci part of the Incrcaso may be attributed to war conditions, somo part at least 1 due to the opening of tho Panama Canal nnd tho icsultlng caso of communication with tho West Coast. Tho Chilian ports aro now nearer to Philadel phia than the P.iazillan ports. The intense hostlll to fJermany which Is found gen erallj In South America, the Increasing ap preciation of tho value of American prod ucts us compared with thoso of Germany and the extension of our banking facilities nro factors which aid In promoting u feel ing of optimism to far as a continuance of South American trade Is concerned. Wo havo cujoj ed a wonderful oppoi tunlty to tie our fellow republics to ui with commercial tics of the strongest kind. H Im mi opportunity which wo must continuo lo ctiltltato with enthusiasm ami courage. I. AROR VOTES FOR WAR rpim Billlih labor party, by a otc of - 1,855,000 to 72:',000. supports tho Uoyd George Government. Moro than the ques tion of "peace or wtir" was at stako In the drawing of factional linen, wherefore It would ho decidedly unfair to count the minority an u solid pacifist tutc. The bal loting was on a inthcr tcehnlc.il point, a.- to whether the Labor party members of the cabinet should resign. If tho conven tion had so ordered. Its action would not havo meant a demand for peace or ccn for peace negotiations, hut for a gcneial elec tion so that the Labor paity could send a greatly Inci cased representation to Par liament. That parly's leaders arc stout!) in tavor of President Wilson'u pcaco conditions. They want to control Parliament, not in order to bring about n. speedy peace, but to forro through a program of radical labor legislation. This program is for oflcr-thc-war ai well as picsent legislation and does not contemplate surrender tu the enemy of any point at teiuc. STEALTHY IILOWS AT AMERICA rpilEIUO may be Americans who accept tho alarming iiiercutc in fires and other domestic catastrophes aa purely accidental, but It requires moro faith than wo pos sess. Scarcely n day passes that some fac tory engaged In the production of neces sary war supplies is not dcstrocd. The loss of motortrucl.H in Philadelphia has been appalling. In lctiolt It was discov ered that whole consignments of delicate tools had been mutilated until they were worthless. We need si few public executions In this country. We cannot afford to handle spies with kid gloves. They need bullets. Wo suggest to citizens generally that they bo more than ccr vigilant in watchlnir suspi cious characters, constituting tliemaehes an unofficial supplementary Intelligence bureau, and that they notify tho polleo Immediately If they observe uctlons on the part of anybody which seem to indicate destructive purposes. ATROCITIES AT HOME TNSTUAD of the 9.300,000 who registered 1 under selectho conscription thero should havo been 1.1,000,000 or nrc. Between Juno o, 18SC, and June &. 189C. we mur dered enough men to make a whole modern army. This fact has been brought home to the authorities by tho effects of near-murder which so many of the registrants showed. One-half of tho deaths of young children aro preventable today. Much more than one-half of tho physical defectB found In thoso who aro unfit to be soldiers were preventable. Starting April C, the first an niversary of our entry Into the war, thero is to be a "Children's year" twelve months of work to save youngsters and ten million women will be naked to help. "Doing one's bit" will not stop with the dawn of peace. For most of us It w III only then be beginning. NOT THE WAY TO S.MASII THE HUN COAL consigned to New York for ships' bunkers Is held up by the freight con gestion. The ships, not getting tile coal, are held up in New York. Were the ships at Philadelphia they would have their coal. Moreover, the railroads between hero and New York would bo relieved of the neces sity of handling tons and tons of fuel. What Is the use of talking about efficiency, or organization, or coordination, or smashing the Hun while so stupid a situation Is per mitted to continue? The sensible thing Is always the clficlcnt thing. Dlxhop Derry w-ants an antl-llquor Gov ernor. We have one now and a great deal of liquor. There Is nothing half-uay about Senator Chamberlain. He Is either terribly right cr terribly wrong. If the Bolshevik! can split the Central Powers we'll lend them the megaphones with which to do It. Why John It. K. Scott for Lieutenant Governor? AVe understand that ho wanted to be Governor without qualification. It Is one of the paradoxes of war life that tho records for coal output and coal famine should both have been broken In tho game year. The Viennese revolutionaries are said to have named a provisional Cabinet It could not be more provisional than the official variety produced In that capital. To win an election a party muit not only get the otes. but It must have them counted. It appears that getting them counted la the more difficult of the two tasks. In the last three quarterly periods tha weekly average rate of big ships sunk has dropped from twenty-one to fifteen, and then to twelve, in uie last two weem me a vera go was six In this there It reason for optimism ana neavtn Knows PENNYPACKER NARROWLY ESCAPED. DEATH WHEN HORSE RAN WILD Steed Bolted When Breech-Band Broke at Top of Hill Near Phoenixville Carriage Was-Wrecked, but Governor Escaped Unscathed ri.MruKi:n, AtTnniooiiAriiv no, so iCoruriahi, jsm, iu VuWo Ledger Vohiyauul (TUtlS successful effort to enhance tho rep- utatlon of tho State waa a gratification to all of its decent citizens. There w-as, however, a fly In tho ointment. Tho North American was lying In wait for a chance. When my proclamation was Issued, call ing upon all citizens and their descendants who could to bo present, the newspaper reporter, cither through dcslgrt or ncci dent, copied the refcrenco to the until ersary of the Iiattlo of Fallen Timbers as the ono hundicdlh Instead of the ono bundled nnd tenth. Tho editorials fol lowed, yaying that I made tho battle oc cut after tho death of Wayne. An ex amination of tho original proclamation in tho ofllco of the Secretary of the Com monwealth disclosed, however, that It was tho newspaper teportcr who mado the mistake, nnd the plan of attack fell flat. Those In charge ot the ngrh ulturnl dis play had, becauso of his supposed know Irdgo of tho subject, cmplo)ed a Demo erall pi.'ot..v at the State College, and he i,c;.-ii -i ipunllty ot seeds, for which he !"nl .'.: jnd placed them on exhibi tion I i' m-ii' and tho seeds had both been rcin i ' ii May, The Noith American got b- i f the story and munlngly ex ploited It on tho nineteenth of August, Just in time to teach tho exposition on Penn sylvania Day, and as far as possible fpoll tho demonstration. To make a sensa tion, it gavo to tho subject nine columns and seventeen pictures, with oarlcatuie and other nonsense. It talked of "unpai allejcd, fraud" and "graft," though this suggestion In connection with n sum of J'.'S.OO was supremely silly. It concocted nn Interview with a member ot tho Com mission, which he denied, tu whlih ho was made to say that not a leaf of Penn sylvania tobacco was In tho exhibit, al through our display of tobacco received the highest award at tho fail. Indignant at the baseness of tho scheme and the way In which it wa3 carried out, 1 did what I could at tho moment and telegraphed to tho Ledger, branding the publication as ,i malicious falsehood Intended to harm tho State. Thero Is an honor among tho members of this fraternity, as In another, which bands them together, and tho Ledger suppressed tho dispatch and en deavored to excufo the North American. Some Personal Incidents On September 17 thirteen monuments to tho soldiers of Pennsjlvanla regiments who fought In tho battle of Antlctam were dedicated and handed over to the custody of the United States Government. I was present with my stalT and made an address. During this month thcio occurred two events of a personal nature which made an impression on me. A hoy In n junk store In a Maryland town came across, amid tho old iron, a stove plate with tho name Pcnnybackcr on It, and he wrote to me about it. I bought It a rather elaborate piece, with tho inscription. "D. Pcnnybackcr. Ills Itcdncll Furnace, Sep tember 21. 1787." Ho was an iron master and tho grandfather ot tho late Judge Isaac S. Penii) backer. United Suites Sen otor from A'irglnl.i, ot whom President Polk, In his Journal, speaks In terms of the warmest friendship. A day or two later I received a letter from Thomas Gate wood, a messenger in the public buildings in Pittsburgh, who had been n slave In "JINGLE BELLS" ON THE WISSAHICKON The Racing and the Softer Charms the Romantic Old Creek Has Held IV THIS were the Lvenlng Sporting Ledger we'd lay a bet and It would run In this wise: A bottle of Bryan li. J., Unit, to any horse man who can prove that ha ever actually received one of tho bottles ot wine tra ditionally offered by certain Park roadhouses for the first cutter to skim over the season's first snou and claim it. That wine appears to have been terribly volatile stuff, for no horseman we ever talked to would admit that he ever got hold ot It. though many have tiled It fecms alwa.vs to bave been a m)th and it's growing mtnler and mvthler now that the automobile has come to push the horso out of favor. Not that sleighing In the Park Is no longer a tingling delight or that tho Jingle be Is bave ceased to "Jlnglo all the way" ; but the olden number of devotees has been decimated for the reason mentioned above and more than decimated again by the exigencies ot war. On tho Last P.lver Drive, where not fo long ago there were snow-scatterlng brushes between high-steppers driven by William or Ham Plsston. John L. Hill. John Bower. George Slngerly. Joshua Lvans, P. P. S Nichols. Prank Caven and a host of others whoso activities ran through several decades, there Is now too much danger from motorcars to permit of the mettlesome speeding of the oat-consumlng thoroughbred. ... " ven before the arrival ot the first horse less carriage the speedway favored by the racing sleighs sh.fted to the Hat. alone the Wlssalilckon. and there you'll find the sport s devotees of this day. George It. Supplee, of Ci nvvyd. has been out every day during this present spell of weather, and so. perhaps, has Dr Charles Williams, but a great many of tho real old-timers seem to have taken flight to Florida, for some reason or other, and there Isn't as much doing along the creek as then ""! t b0 ln 5ear? p.a8t ", ,h! snow was as good and as lasting as it Is at ThecTng, at any rate, seems to have gradually petered out since the winter of l5o3 which was one of the liveliest In the history of sleighing hereabouts. That was the year when C. Henderson Supplee, behind his unbeatable trotter. Alabaster, carried oft a 1 the prizes In sight. At that he never won any of those bottles of wine, although he frequently "beat tho first Inch of snow" to the WUaahlckon Drive. One evening in that year, with Bob Laycock In tho sleigh beside him, he ran Into a "plant." At tho rfcd Bridge, going down the drive, he came upon a half dozen sleighs lying In wait for some easy mark and they had planted an other racer some distance ahead to pick up the winded lctlm and beat him in the stretch. Alabaster smothered even this fel low and Bcampered up to the i door of the HlEh Bridge Hotel yards ahead of the field. There Supplee found a boastful winner of small brushes who offered to trounce any norse among these new arrivals for "wine for the house," and Alabaster made him look a sorrier thing than he had the others. The Lad and Lass In the Cutter Though it seems to us the olden glamour of thoso racing days has largely passed. It is scarcely likely that the silvery charms ot the Wlasahlckon will ever wholly erase to tho family of Senator Pcnnybackcr, and I had sbmo correspondence with him. On October 3 I presided at a mooting In tho Academy of Music, In Philadelphia, tendered by the United Irish Leaguo to John K. Redmond, tho Irish Parliamentary leader, nccompanlcd by two members ot Parliament, Captain A. ,T. C. Donclidti, ot Cork, and Patrick O'Brien, of Kilkenny. Aichblshop Hyan, an exceedingly nblc, bland and peisudslvo man, participated. On October G I was at York to attend tho fair, the guest of Senator U. K. Mcconl.cy. At tho horso taco tho driver ot tho lead ing horse, ns he approached the goal, gently dropped the lino. Ills nrnifi foil to his side and he lolled out upon the track dead. On November IS Mrs. Pcnnypacker and r upon tho invitation ur Mr. GcorgO W. Athcrton, the president of tho State College, attended tho dedication ot tho Carnegie Library connected with that Institution. Mr. and Mrs. Carnegie and Mr. and Mi's. Charles SI. Schwab were there, and since we spent a day or 'two with them.ln the tame house wo reached a Blago of ac quaintance. We found Schwab hcJlthy. hearty and earnest, and Carnegie shrewd and agreeable. The latter gave much at tention lo Sirs. Pcnn.v packer and told her many incidents ot his early life, and she has never been willing to ll3tcn to critical comments concerning him since. The coat of my CAcnlng suit of clothes was missing nnd I was compelled to appear nt tho table in street costume Sits. PennypacUor made her own explanations to account for m costume, and Sir. Carnegie ac cepted and covered them 'up with both giacioucncss and adroitness. Carnegie, Schwab and I made addresses and SIit. Carnegie cpiesscd pleasure lit seeing and hearing such nn exhibition of Stato pride n feeling, she raid, inter)) nonexistent In New Yoi k. A Narrow E&vapc On Sunday, December I, I had a per sonal adventure. William 1. IIunslcKcr, tho farmer at Pcnnypackcr's SIllls, drove mo In a buggy, with a rather wild horso, "John." to Phoenixville. A mllo from that town the elevated divido between tho Per hlonicn Creek nnd the Schu)lklll River falls abruptly tow aid the river. There Is a very long, steep and dangerous hill, the load In the valley below crossing a ravine nnd small stream by means of a narrow uncovered and unprotected bridge. Deep gullies parallel tho road on each side. Aa a general thing tiavclers make a detour of about a mile to avoid this sudden de scent. For somo i canon IIunlclccr con cluded to dilve down the hill. At tho 'very top the breech-band broke, letting the har ness fall upon tho heels ot tho horse, lie gave a kick, knocking the shafts to pieces, anil started on a wild run. "We aic In for It, Hunslcker. Keep In the middle ot the road. It you can," were the only words uttered. The wagon swnyed to nnd fro toward the gullies. Ilunslcker'a hat flew In ono direction and mlnte In another. Sly umbrella was tossed Into a gutter. When ue reached the little brldgp, where Hunslcker succeeded In bringing tho horse to a stop, "John" was badly injured, and the wagon a wreck, but neither of us hud a scratch. It waa an experienco to bo lcmcmbered. but not to be repeated. Tomorrftir tlie ftrs.1 pnrt of (tnrernnr rennr rSIr" "mJ"."'"'. ,0. "'" l-enlnlature. In Jnnuurs. 1B0V, III he printed. luio tho lad and the lass In the cutter. That sort of thing Isn't destined to pass ullcil It Is aj old and older than the town. John T. Faris, In his charming Iwok, Old Roads Out of Philadelphia," quotes fioin William Priest, a visitor ti these parts at the close of tho eighteenth cenlurj. this lively paiagraph: "The chief amusement of the country girls in whiter is sleighing, of which they aro passionately fond, so Indeed are the whole se la ibis country. I never heard it woman speak of this diversion but with rapture. The snow seldom lies on tho ground nioi c than seven or eight days together. The consequence Ih that every moment that will admit of sleighing Is seized on with avidity. Tho tavern and Innkeepers are up all night, and the whole country Is In motion. When tho snow begins to fall our planters' daugh ters provide hot sdnd, which at night they place In bags at tho bottom of the sleigh. Their sweethearts attend with a couple of horses and away they glide with astonishing velocity, visiting their friends for many miles around tho country. But In largo towns In order to have a sleighing frolic In btyle, It Is necessary to provide a fiddler, who is placed at the head of the sleighs and plays all the way. At every Inn they meet with on the road the company alight and have a dance." And long before that another visitor, Alex ander Sfaeltraby, writing to Sir Philip Fran cis In 17C8, prattled enthusiastically of a slelghrlde he had had. "Seven sleighs with two ladles and two men In each, preceded by fiddlers on horse back, set out together upon a snow about a foot deep on tho roads to a public houso a few miles from town, where we danced, sang and romped and eat and drank ami finished our frolic In two or three sldo boxes at the play. You can have no Idea of the pulse, seated with pretty women, mlddeep In snow, )our body covered with fur and flan nel, clear air, bright sunshine and spotless sky, horses galloping, every feeling tuned to joy and Jollity." "Sunlight," says he. Ah! but moonlight is the stuff that dreams are made ot; and if the snow holds and if the clouds will but take themselves off, the moon now waxing to the full will make paradise for many, even for those who merely sit by the Are and remember For on n Inter nlghta rhoat-mualc playa (The belli of lons-forcotten aleltha) Alom the VVIaaahlckon. . v And mny a allver-headed wltht Who drove that pleaaant road by r.liht Slsha now for his old appetite Tor waffles hot and chicken. And grandmas now, who then were belles! How many a placid bosom swells At thought of love's old charms and spells Along the. VVIaaahlckon. T. A. V. EDITORIAL EPIGRAMS Wllhelm will now devote himself to writing an Easter address. New Tork Sun, nus-ila Is making history like a stuttering an telling a funny story. Kansas city man Star. Perhaps It was the Intention to wait and capture machine guns from the Germans Kansas City Times. The Bolshevik! will hurt their causa by bring the Russian prisoners home from Germany. They have no Idiotic delusions rbout the Germans, St. Louis Globe-Democrat. v''j ,1 THE PRESIDENT VS. THE COMMITTEE SYSTEM Possibility of Present Conflict Between Executive and- Congressional Groups Foreshadowed in Mr. Wilson's Writings 25 Years Ago By H. S NO AJIKRICAN has been in tho thick of our national politics ln so potently l evolutionary ti manner for so many jears a. President Wilson This is a highly un orthodox opinion. It Is mote fashionable to say that he leaped from the obscurity ot tlie schoolioom Into national activity nt the age of ntl.v-llvp without the slightest prepa ration for a big Job. People who say that forget that those who nro Interested In gov ernment read books on government. Mr. Wil son set ou'. somo thirty :cars ago to ie form our governmental sjstem and, by ono of thoro coil 'denccs, that como onco In a millennium, '. has bad tho chance to try it. How it happened that a group ot deep thinkers, who saw In Sir. Wilson the combi nation of ilia conservative Inslstenco upon law and ordr nnd legal proceduro with the radical insistent c upon fundamental change In methods of using delegated authority, managed to "put him over" is another story that can be left to the pen of Colonel Harvey. The present Issue has been called "a fight between the President and Congress." What It really Is la u flght between the President and tho congressional committee system, which Sir. Wilson was in caching and teach ing his growing circle of students lo combat back In the '80s. For "Ministerial Responsibility" Sir. Wilson has alwas seen the defcets In our Constitution. Ho has always recognized the supremo power of Congiess and the im potence of a President who did not have the suppoit ot Congress. He has consistently urged the closer co-opcratlon of tho Admin istration and Congress b) tho adoption of some form ot "ministerial responsibility" such as the Lngllsh ablnet has. He has seen that there ian be nu lesponalble leadership In Congress: that all responsibility ran be dodged through the multitudinous commit tees, no ono of which represents the majority In cither house, ln 1891 ho suggested "en trusting the preparation and Initiation of legislation lo a single committee In each house composed of the leading men of the majority In that house." The present facts are instructive In regard to this point. Chairman Chamberlain, of tho Senate SIIII tary Affairs Committee, has been told that his war cabinet bill should be considered also by Chairman Swanson. of the Senate Naval Affairs Committee, because the pro posed war cabinet of three members would have as much control of the navy as of tho army. And Senator Swanson radically dis agrees with Senator Chamberlain about the war cabinet plan' One committee, responsible to the whole Senate, would apparently have had a very different tale to tell. In hla essay on "Government Under the Constitution" Sir Wilson, advocating the "single committee" plan, says that "Such a change would not necessarily af fect the present precedents as to the rela tions between the executive and the legisla ture. They might still stand stiffly apart. Congress would be Integrated and Invig orated, however, though the whole system ot the Government would not be. To Integrate that, some common meeting-ground of pub lic consultation must be provided for the executive and the houses. That can be ac complished only by tho admission to Con gress, in whatever capacity, of official rep resentatives of the executive who understand the Administration and are Interested and able to defend it. Let the tenure of min Isters have what disconnection from legisla tive responsibility may seem necessary to the preservation of tho equality of House and Senate, and the separation of adminis tration from legislation ; light would at least be thrown upon administration; It would be given the same advantages of public sug gestion and unhampered self-defense that Congress, its competitor, has; and Congress would be constrained to apply system and party responsibility to Its proceedings. "The establishment ln the United States ot what Is known as 'ministerial responsibility' would unquestionably Involve some Impor tant changes In our constitutional system. I am strongly of the opinion that such changes would not be too great a price to pay for the advantages secured to us by such a Gov ernment." The Irresponsible Committee In explaining why the congressional com mittee system falls (and, twenty-five years In advance, Inadvertently predicting tho present difficulties of Chairman Chamberlain) Sir. Wilson said; "The measures born In Congress have no common lineage. They have not even a traceable kinship. They are fathered by a score or two of unrelated standing commit tees: and Congress stands godfather to them all. without discrimination. Congress, In effect, parcels out Its great powers amongst groups, of Its members, and so confuses Its plan and obscures all responsibility. Our legislation Is framed and Initiated by a great: many committees, deliberating In secret. BUT HE MUST BE THINKING WEBER whoso proposals aic seldom debated and only perfunctorily Judged by tho sovereign legis lative body. It is Impossible to mistake tho position and privileges of the British Cabi net, so great and conspicuous nnd much dis cussed are they. They simplify Hie wholo British sjslrni for men's comprehension by merely standing at tho center ot It. Hut our own system Is simple only In appearance. It Is easy to see that r,-r legislature and execu tive aro scpaiate, and that tho legislature matures Its own measures bv means of com mittees of lis own members. But it may readily escape superficial observation that our legislature, Instead of being served, Is ruled by Its committees: that thoso commit tees preparo their measures III pilvntc: that their number renders their privacy a secure secrecy, by making them too many to hn watched, and individually too Insignificant to bo worth wnlchlng; that their division of prerogative results III a loss, through diffu sion, of all actual responsibility : nnd Hint their co-ordination lead.s to such a competi tion among them for the attention of their respective houses thnt legislation Is rushed, when It Is not paralyzed, "It, Is thus that, whilst all real power Is In the hands of Congress, thnt power is often thrown out of gear and Its exercise brought almost to a standstill. The competition ot tho committees Is tho clog. Their reports stand ln tho way of each other, and so the complaint Is warranted that Congress can get nothing done." ihcre being no Premier In Congiess, Mr. Wilson appeared on Ita floor In pcison lo accept a Premier's icsponsiblllty. THE NEW FRANCE Hcic indeed is a new France, new even to those of lis who did not know the old. Some Idea of Franco wo had, an Idea gen eralized from a little knowledge and much Ignorance, and it Is against this generalized background, familiar and Ill-seen, that wo see these newer Frenchmen, perhaps no more justly. They are not moro serious than the older generations, but their seriousness is nearer the surface, they spend themselves less In mockery, they nre less afraid of being bored, thev see less merit In living so as to escapo hor'edom, they arc not afraid or being duped, except by life through failure to understand it. Their mallco Is less, or less often a weapon, a gift that they aro too busy to cultivate. Let our touch bo heavier on tho keys of life, they seem to say, If life will not sound Its most authentic tones in answer to any lighter touch. For the sake of truth, of s;ncerlty, they are willing to make moro nnd more sacrifices ot pleasure to themselves from life, of pleasure from their art to others. Tired of mere cleverness, of meie dexterity, they seek new and significant forms In art and In life, and appear at first too tolerant of lack of form. They arc less ruses, superficially, than the older genera tion, but oven more resolved to see things as they are. Usteemlng se'ence no less, they know its place In llfo more accurately, do not expect from It more than It can give. A deep religious current runs through them all, believers und unbelievers alike. Their desire to bo strong has not killed In them their fathers' desire to let live. The New Republic. the r.irtr. nE leaves iieiiind him Whste'er may be aald of a sweetheart "Too giddy," "too old" or "too new" There's one point admits ot no question: She can't be "too good to be true." What Do You Know? QUIZ Mho was llenrr Ceorge? Where and what Is friemj.l? Who are the llpabnrT Who wrote "Knickerbocker's Hlitory ot.evr York"! ' Heflns "federation." Name the llreat 1-al.et. Define "logic." ' What Is conifer? VV hnti It a ballad? Who l Viscount llrrce? Answers to Yesterday's Quiz , JtM.h Y. Hewl A blahop or the Methodlat KpUropal Church. '"a , Bohemia It nnder Austrian soverelgntr, ' CTrIt,Unm4mA'rVn.it.b,.liihfme5,ft,'Uir " tM A1ft fte.IU,Jlrnr0O4,.",DO'r,J' '"""O" , The sttarka on Lincoln culminated In h eatabllahment of a Contreiolonal Cofflmll. te on the Conduct or the War" ''m,l,m'' , Tractori machine, used to draw vchltle. agricultural Implement!, military JouRl ment. etc. wmip- A print la addressed' as "Your Hlghneae," "Drawing a red herring arroaa ts track", niierttng nlbantlon from the subject In hand br sterling JrrrJevo.nl qutatjona, A sblrsi an Kntllili tvuvtv. Dedtl a large eittnct bird ot Maurllhu, Song of the Scuttle (Afltr Uucne Field) Oh, c who arc fond of music (and tome of you may recall Field's "clink of tho ice in the pitcher Hie boy brings up tho hall"), I challenge yc all to name me a song of n rarer tone Than here in my cozy kitchen I know for my very own. I grant you your harps or fiddles, your symphony bands or jnzz, Or the latest vocalization that Gluck or McCormack has; You may take 'cm for me and welcome, for nothing on carlh compares With the rattle of coal in the scuttle Hint Mom drag3 up the stairs! A helpless creature is Mother. She 'if bothers me quite u bit And routs me out of tho comfy chair in, the kitchen where I sit To get her the tallow candle from its place on the ccllarvvay shelf For Mother is thin unci little and couldn't reaeli it herself And then there's the trouble to light it. But when that trick is done And I settle back by Hie lire the reward of mv lnhor's won. For up from the depths of the cellar jj ascends tno sweetest of airs Tis the rattle of coal in the scuttle that A Mom drags up the stairs. The bucket in which she gathers the nuggets that may be found Akng the tracks of the Reading emits but n U'nnilnn .nlmrl And her day-long comings nnd goings 'W 1 scarcely notice at all For her feet in wrappings of burlap go softly along' tho hall: But when in the winter twilight arises .,A trcnic cicnr It stirs mc here in my corner to cock up a drowsy car To catch the delightful music so soothing ' 'to all my cares The rattle of coal in the scuttle that' jviom drags up tnc stairs. J Time was, when the carbon nuggets were,, easy to get and keep, '; The song of the brimful scuttle had a" bass note full and deep, , But then Mom handled a shovel instead. of u tablespoon, And now there's a dwindling treble in the half-filled scuttle's tune. Yet here by the kitchen fire, I dare you, to name me a song ', To p'ay on my tender emotions and get ' to mc nan so strong As the one thut finds mo drowsing, sprawled out on the kitchen chairs The rattle of coal in the scuttle thatj Slom drags up the stairs. TOM DALY. ACORNS Being the Little Beginnings of Some Worthy Timber Johnny SIcGowan left Glrard College insj 1SS5 with a diploma under his arm and4 clothes upon his back, and that's about stU-j Oh, jes, ho knew something of shorthand! but typcwrlteis weren't growing on evemj bush In those days. Still he became al stenographer, nt a salary so small It wouWl be a shame to men'.lon It. It Just about paldj his board. Then his sister got sick and hej started to take her to Colorado, though BfJ hadn't any prospect of a Job when he gc there. Pretty nervy, eh? But wait! Hij couldn't leave his best girl behind, so" h'J married her and took her' along. When ho got to Denver he fell Into a JoVi aa stenographer with the Colorado SoulhrrnJ itaiiway, but tie man t move up rasi enoui'v to suit him. Ha went to the Chlcaco Great Western people nnd Induced them to glvea mm a jod as District ireigm agcni. '". nn-prert him SIOO n mnnlh nml rommlefionv! hut he. refused the hnndrefl nnd said hs'dl tako what he could earn. Ho developed tbej freight business of the American SmeltlnCJ and Iteflnlng Company, as related to the Cffl (1. "VV.. and In a. little while was earning mor'fl than sonie of that railroad's officials. ThO'l told mm they'd have to reduce his ra " 3 per cent. He kicked and told Guggonn;1" nhnilt It. and niltrrenhelm thole him tO tVSf Vnrlc HM nnrphnnlnv npnt for tha AlnSliCUn Qmpltlnp. anA TTflnlnc- PnmMnv. MayuC thnt vvatm't the. snrnut that made him blffJ timber 1 Well, It was. We haven't lacfl t0-1 tell ou how he got a shipload of coppffj away rrom Germany when ncbody etse coj do It Anvvvav. vuu've nrobablv read of tua.. ! But pow tunic at hhu' Ladles and gentlemen Sir John K SIcGowun. vice prtltder.t aw dli-cua- uf ae American Smelling nn ' lining CuTOpaityi l a. v. w need it. ft k. O
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers