W't''-'' ; EVENING LEDG-EPHILADELPHIA, T I ' t O '. ( b f to si "V ifT. v THURSDAY JULY, 26, 1917 a r rem Heigtr yS - FUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY CTHUB ir. K. CUIITIB, rmiCINT CMrlH M. iAidlnston. Vlco frealdant rhlllp H, opurnon. i., ----;---...-.--.. T--- -..-.-...,.,,,, ,Hn. oeureiarr una iressureri l'MU Pallliw. John II. . Williams, John J r. . vvsaiay, uiroctora. EBiToniAii noAnDi Cibc II. K. Cctii, Chairman. P. H. 'miAXEI'... Editor Jf t c M011H C. MArtTIN.. General Tluslncss Manager A y.v ;& Bfa t Published dally at PiuiLIO I.X1H1I1 PulMIng, Indapondanc Squar. l'hlladtlphla. 2PJi CWTBi.t.. . .Hroad and Chestnut Streets AUfSJ10 ClTT lYrss-fnlon tlulldlnc Kir.-T2"K 20 Metropolitan Tower tkoit " "ord MulMlnir gt. Louis. ..t 1008 Kullerton HulMlna CICoo io2 Trlfmna Uulldlng NEWS IJUnEAUSl K.jroi?.lt.-,u,,"!AD Tn" " Itulldlna- rJ!5iy 'J!.?."." .00 rTledrlchetrnsso fe?2n?n 'i",AU Marconi House. Hlrand Fahu BotAU 82 Kuo Louis Is Urand sunscniPTiON TEnMn -Tw,iiEIE.'"J'in I'tJ, ' served to subscribers In Philadelphia, nnd surroundlnc towna at the rate ol twelvo (12) cents r week, rayabla to- tho carrier. v.!'?.,.1"! I". "obits outside of Philadelphia. In the United mates, Canada or United Mntes ton. bionth. Six (0) dollara wr year. ayabl In Advance. To all foreign countries ono (II) dollar per month. ,ii?T!S08,l!.,"crlbr?. "I'hlne ad Iress chanced Miust give old an well as new address. . DEtL. S000 VAUMJT KLYSTONE. MAIN S000 Address alt communications lo Evening reaper. Independence Square, I'hiladelphta. rvTEUKD at Tn ruit iij.t.rmi. rosTorric-s as sECovD-cuaa mail uatter. rhllidtlphl.,Thornly. Jul; 26, 1917 GOLD ALONE WILL NOT WIN THE WAR m B M' s Eft Itles. Tho cause of tlio steadying down, howovor, Is decpor than that. Now that wo nro In It, wo see that war conditions will not chango much with tho day of peaco. So many of tho undertakings that a'whllo ngo soctned emergencies nro now soon to ho permanent now Industrlo, to bo on In pcaco as In war. Ships for this country, railroads for Ilussln theso aro not temporary but pormanont nnd Browing demands, l'verywhcro ono tutna thoro Is ovldcnco that busincys Is neither to contrnct nor expand suddenly when tho war Is over, but that, through a gradual ajul unlvers.il process of emanci pation of peoples and reoiBunlzutlon of Governments, 'hutilncss Is steadily nnd naturally crow Ins to meet tho needs of n tnoro wldcnnlo and mom ambitious, though mom unhappy, world. "YOU SHALL NOT HOHBLC ME" TT IS Inovltablo that criticism should grow bolder as a keener appreciation of tho task to which tho nation is dedi cated sinks deeper and deeper Into tho consciousness of tho peoplo. Knormous grants of money nnd credits to tho Allies Induced at tho beginning n. feeling that wo could buy our way through, that tho xtent of our sacrlflco would bo financial, that It would bo a 3'4 per cent war, we furnishing tho capital and collecting our Interest at dates agreed on. Each billion dollars Is another nail in tho Ilohcnzol lern coflln, was tho popular thought. V,'o know now that there Is as yet no corpso ready for Interment. Wo have, an most Americans have, a upremo confidence In our ability ulti mately to pry tho Hun's hold loose, tear out his teeth nnd send nlm whimpering home. But wo can't choke him with gold dollars and wo can't malm him with harsh words. "VVo'vo got to back our coin with American genius for organiza tion, American industrial ability, Ameri can bulldog tenacity and American will ingness for sacrifice In a great cause. On those altars In Flanders wo must put our lives as well an our wealth, for neither will be of much value to us unless we win decisively this battlo of tho giants. We have no sympathy. However, with nlarmlsts who spread tho doctrlno of Ger man invincibility and arouso tho feeling that it Is hopeless nnd'useleRs to attempt to break down the Kaiser's military ma chine. The Teutons have dug themselves In and with wonderful skill and bravery they hold their lines. But, as wo pointed out recently, sines' September, 1914, they have shown no superiority In any field against disciplined and organized troops under anything like equal conditions. If I It will bo dlfllcult to 'drive them back to 1 tho Rhine, it is even more demonbtrably truo that the lines of tho Allies can hold Interminably on tho western front. We have a chance to break through; they apparently have none. German propaganda has Impaired, If It has not wrecked, Russian cfllclency. The ground Is laid for another stupendous Teu ton victory, ono of those victories which Involve littlo fighting and aro no cvldcnco whatever of Gorman Invincibility, but which exert an enormous moral effect and give to the unthinking tho 'impression that there is no powor which can with tand the mailed flst. Tho American pub lic must bo warned against such impres sions, must be taught to understand that We Are to take tho place of Russia and wage the fight to a decision in tho West, Whero German skill Is met by equal skill, Where she must fight for what she gets, and whero tho master stroko forever ex ploding the myth of German military Invincibility must bo delivered. We have four things to supply: money, hips to keep supplies moving, airplanes to assure Allied dominance of the air and troops to fight. Tho flrBt wo are providing, tho second wo are about to provide, the third wo shall deliver next Boring, and tho fourth wo have broken S " all the Interpretations of modern democ racy to supply, wor snau wo ran in any 7 fntiir of this fourfold program. Wo j. 4 ;:-iav bo about to pass through a Gorman JMriod of the war, one of thoso dlscour- il lrAa etmllni- fn fhnt fnllnwlncr "in . lit- ... It i I ltl tin Ua & i-nancoiioroviiiw, uui. ", tint tit uch Doriods. Thereafter day will K-V-Tj - " ,V has In to break. rpiinitn nro men who In their prajcrs J-nightly thank God that tho President of tho United States can Identify lnsln ceilty when ho looks It In tliu face and seldom has dllllrnlty In teat tug tho sham from tho statt'smiushlp which masque lftdes ns patriotism, although In fact play ing petty politics. Undo Sam has a min's Job on his hands. Ho needs freo uso of tho limbs I'rnvldvnco has glen him. Ho cannot win this fight with his hands tloil or his feet hobbled. Not without ilsklng ruin can ho keep a notebook nnd run to 1'apa Congress whenever he wants to spend a nickel. Ho cannot battlo with confidence If suspicion runs riot at home and no man Is to bo trusted with tho expenditure of coin until a congressional auditing com mittee has had Its t.ay. The Henato knows this nnd so does tho President. But the Senato no-erthcl,ss proposes to l un the war on tho decentralization theory. Tho President, on tho contiaiy, Is responsible for tho conduct of tho war, In tho last nnalysls, nnd ho does not Intend to bo hogtlcd befoio ho begins. So ho speaks right out and tells tho truth. "Section 23 would, If enacted Into law, rendei my tnRk of conducting tho war prac tkally Impossible." And he cites tho experlcnco of Lincoln to prove that ho knows what ho Is talking about. " Tho lnslstenco of tho Senate on what It considers Its time-honored privileges translates Itself too often Into a mero meddling policy, ceitaln to impair elll ciency and halt progiess, nnd unlikely In tho cxtremo to bo of any service to tho nation. Tho Upper Chamber would have driven from Washington tho business men of talent who aro gllng their serv ices so freely and patriotically to tho nation. It strives now to prevent food conservation by Insisting on three men Instead of one man coutiol. It has n mania for sidestepping and winding led tape about every Instrument of adminis tration. It seeks to tako u part in execu tive functions and In muddling along theso lines spends weeks In passing legls- Iatlon that ought to go through In a few days. Tho nation Is vhtually unanimous In support of tho President. It will stand shoulder to shoulder with him In his de mand that ho bo left unhobbled In this crisis. Tho House must put Its foot on this particular formula and unequivocally demnnd that tho Senato recede from Its program to supervlso war expenditures through a congressional committee HOW AMERIdA HONORS HEROES Thcro Never Wns Much "Fuss" Mndo About Our Medals, but Thcro Is Now Quito an Arrny of Them FHOM tho times of tho Crusades, cmbloms In honor of personal bravery havo bcon tho rewards of fighting tnon. And customs, so changeable In most matters, change littlo In this rogard. Tho soldier urged on to victory by tho blazing eyes of tho Lion Heart slow his Saracen nnd gained his cross. Tho modern Briton slays his ilochc, nnd, porhaps, gots his Victoria cioss. Tho modern Teuton sinks n liner and, almost ccitalnly, gots his lion cross. Not so much fUHS Is ma do about mili tary decorations In tho United States. Vet wo havo quite an uuny of them, cov ering many brandies of the service. In the not distant future thcc medals will need scanning, If wo aro to know how our brothers, fathers, sons nro being honoicd for their work In France. Tho historical Ista In this connection Is ns interesting us most historical facts that aro tinged with tho romantic llro of the early days of a nation and with tho "pathos of distance" that great men tako on after they mo dead. So It Is woith recording that tho first medal of honor Issued by tho United Stutos Government for military service was to Gtorgo Wash Ington. In session Monday, ilarch 2G, 1776, Congress passed a resolution of thanks to the Commander-ln Chief, simul taneously providing un honor medal. Tho devlco and Inscription for the gold sym bol woio as follows: "On ono side, head of General; Legend: Gerglo Washington Supremo Duel Exer cltuum ndfcprton Llbortatls conlctla Americana on tho reverse, taking pos session of Bottom Tho American Army advances In good order toward tho town, which Is kcii nt a distance, while the British At my Hies with pietipltatlon tnwntd tho shore to embark on board tho vessels with which tho hatbor Is covered. In front of tho American Army appears tho General on horseback In a group of olllccrs whom ho seems io make obsorve tho flight of tho enemy Legend Hostl bus Pi lino Fugatls "Bxergno Bostonlum Bcraperatumo "Du XVII MAUTII MDCCLXXVI." Tho quaint phraseology depicts In few words the cause for the bestowal of tho modal, which was described as high-grade art. Possibly because of tho cost of It, and possibly because the members felt that no such honor ought to be cheap, encd by too frequent usage, Congress held back on nwnidlng others to Revolu tionary Army men. Less than half a dozen wero voted. Tom Daly's Column v WOMEN WHO WASTE ryuin great majority of American women --wero economists long befoio tho food crisis was emphasized. Theio has lfen plenty of waste In American households, but for tho most part It has been In tho kitchens of the well to-do. Mothers with thieo or four children to feed and keep In clothes on a small nllowanco have been taught In tho strictest of all schools how to mako a dollar do Its full work. They aro adepts In tho art of food conserva tion, because. In nlno cases out of ten, thero Is no food left over to bo con served. Put threo or four hungry boys at a' table and seo how big a pllo tho scraps make. It Is buch mothers and such families that ought to be protected, and ono way to protect them Is for moro fortunnto housewives to prevent waste and thus keep tho supply on a normal parity with tho demand. "HOT AIR" THBRn aro references In tho pret.s oc casionally to "hot nlr" In tho Senate. The Indictment Is general, but thero nro specific Instances which piove the accu racy of tho situation complained of. Wo quote from tho Congressional Record, the leading humorous periodical of tho coun try, If read in the right spirit: Mr. Stono: Mr. President. In what I havo to say I have no thought of Baying anything that will especially contribute to the pleasure, still less to tho enlight enment of tho Senate, hut what I have to say I wish to say liecaue I desire on my own account to havo It constitute a part of the Record. There aro other Senators as competent ns Mr. Stono to say nothing In tho max imum number of words. They prove it repeatedly. o YEBTnttDAY IN OAttMlN A dav of checrt ant luoinan' tears and when tho tun went doim Tha consciousness of right to Mess tho homes In Camden town. Ohl Ootham loves her Elxtu-ntnth and 1'hlllu loves her Vint, And manu another gallant corps her peaceful breast has nursed; And cast and west will Tovc tho best tho lads that each begot, And pray tho Lord to stay tho sword that It mav harm them not. Ochonot Ochonel each speeds Us own In Its peculiar wau, Jlut thcro wasn't an eva In Camden dry when tho llatteru went attai. Footnoto Which Includes tho Thhd nnd tho Bnglnoers, too polysyllablo for Inclusion In our rhyme. WD HAD an argument with another grnybcard tho other day ovor the color of tho ono-horso (or bobtail) car which used to run west on Spring Garden stroet to Twontythlrd when General Grant's last lllnosa at Mount McGregor was tho big now s In tho pupers. Tho othor old codger declares tho car was painted jellow all over, whllo wo contend that It was red with a plaid dasher. Wo havo particular reason to remember that dasher. It was our delight after depositing our four cents In tho box (wo wero always small for our age) to retlrd to tho black plat form nnd squat on tho wooden rail utop of th dasher. Ono day something scared the horso und wo lost our balance but only partially. Wo clung with hands nnd knees hooked over tho rail and with tho bosom of our seersucker trousers violently renewing acquaintance with tho dasher at each Jump of tho startled hoi so. Wo never took things ncrlously In thoso days, nnd wo laughed so hard as wo hung thero that we couldn't right ourpelf and llnnlly dropped off Into tho street. Tho dasher, wo repent, was plaid of a purplish cast. Hifiors of War Tho young daughter of tho man at tho next desk returned homo from Red Cross hcadqu irtcrs on Tuesday night and re ported: "Great tlmo doing Red Cross work tonight. A Juno bug crawled down Catherine Wllson'h back nnd some of the ehahs were newly varnished nnd when tho glriu In them tried to got up they stuck to them nnd couldn't." What a pity the President cannot ask a dozen or so Senators to resign! t Wtt & THE MARKETS STABILIZED 'nAMERKJAN markets experienced bull k'vA nr.H honr movements In ranld alter- m., H.. T- . .jMulon rar neuri wuvu jrcuo. vu&uo "rVport would arrive that England was Ifftdly In need of copper, and then copper luld. jump up. Then It would bo ned that England naa enougn copper -the price would drop again. And iip- through interminable ramifications. Rm pappy uiuo AVI cttniy jruutitt who knew how to use "rumors" took that go up now nave , tf'MP, im wax raaaon naa tth,"poM oon7 or, rpre- MtttUkt. AWarieft'a ntranoe Wo rather suspect that Mr. Gerard has something to say, and Is going to pay it. According to Congressmen, every appropriation tho othor follow gets Is "pork." Outlawing champagne seems some what unnecessary. The income tax will be sufficient. Historians will dccldo between Goethals and Denman. But Mr, Wilson is not a historian Just now. If some street-cleaning contractors were as efficient In that Job as they are In voting dead man on election day our streets would bo models. Thero is some reason td believe tftat It was a good thing Mr. Denman had "nothing to say about the construction of the Panama Canal. . The rush of enlistments that started Immediately nfter the draft num Dftr'a were, announced seems to imply that mi ,inoAi)ence' uiai Kepi ma C m-A M. m . a a. . ' lt ' Strict Rules Relaxed In tho War of 1812, however, tho Gov. eminent abated its stricter rules nnd paid moro ample tribute to tho country's de fendeis. Tho navy camo out on top. It Is a commentary on tho attitude of tho times that In nil tho years beforo tho Civil War no medals or honors of such a chatactcr wero voted to men lrt tho ranks. Then camo tho Sons of the Revo lution to lemedy that evil of forgotful ness of tho mute but glorious nameless ones. Tho picsentdiy system of medals In this country, without coasting of any violent elaboration of character. Is still fairly comprehensive and calculated to servo for iv tlmo In tno piesent conflict. Tho mednl of honor for tho nimy la mndo In silver, heavily electi opiated in gold. Its form Is a five pointed star, In tho center appearing tho liiad of Minerva, goddess of wisdom Sut round ing this central feature, arranged In cir cular form, are tho words "United States of America," representing nationality. Tho medal Is suspended by a light blue watered silk ribbon spangled with thir teen white stars, lcpiesentlng tho orig inal States, and is attached to an eagle clasp suppoited cui a horizontal bar, upon which Is tho woul "Valor." Tho elaborateness of thfs design Is somewhat modified In tho mpdil of honor for tho navy. Mndo available by act of Congress, npptoved December 21, 1801, this decoration Is bestowed upon petty officers, seamen, landsmen and marines who distinguish themselves by gallantry in action or other scamaullke qualities during warfare. Profictaicy in Arms Badges for proficiency In small nrms practice, while possessing Intciest for their posEessois, aro haidly as pictur esque as tho other forms of metallic tribute. Tho army and marine corps havo a similar set of distinguishing badgos. Tho navy Issues but ono sucli medal, the sharpshooter's. By gazing back over tho list of special legends ono can almost tiaco tho vital momenta In North American history. In deed, this part of tho system of personal decoration Is tho most vividly reminis cent and plcturcsquo of tho lot. Bach division Is connected In the common mind with great events or small that have con tributed somo Interesting chapter to American notion and thought. Thero Is, for example, tho Philippine congressional medal issued to volunteer olllccrs and men who bcived beyond their enlistment with tho army in tho Phil ippines. It has a ribbon, with a broad 1 band of bluo and a nariow white strlpo separating it from nariow stripes of red, vvhlto and bluo on either edge. The medal displays marching soldiers, Tho Civil Wur campaign badgo has a ribbon In which tho national colors aro used, suspending n medallion of Lincoln. Tho Indian wars campaign badge dis closes u rcdman on his steed. Contrast ing shades of red composo tho ribbon. Tho Spanlsh-Amorlcan war campaign badge portrays what seems to be the entranco to a fortress perhaps Morro Castle? with tho legend "War With Spain." Yellow, red nnd bluo are the ribbon's tints. A decoration for service nt tho same period is given the navy and marine corps. It is similar, but moro dellcato In design, and has a red and yellow ribbon. Othor decorations of various periods lncludo, tho Philippine insurrection cam paign, the China relief .expedition, the DewoV congressional, tho West Indies campaign, Hie Philippine caropaim aad WH1LB we're dabbling In ancient his tory, and theiu's so murh talk of war, lot's ask grnndpa what gang ho belonged to when thoso widely ndvcrtlsed clga lettcs weie being smoked. Tho Schuyl kill Rangois, for Instanco, held that sector bounded by Spruce and South streets and Twenty-third street and tho river, with tho Skinners, a subelan, holding Twenty third nnd line Tho Str.ipholders cen tered at Twenty-fifth and Spruce, tho Pollywogs Twenty-fourth and Locust, the Ramblers Twenty-fourtn nnd Walnut, tho Badgers on Market from Twentieth to tho bridge, tho Bluo Pigs Twenty-first ' nnd Vino and tho Ragles In West Phila delphia. Thero was no No Man's Land, but stono fights wero likely to bloom on any street on Blight provocation. Grand pa was a tough old guy! FRANCE'S FLYING jCHOOL Seventy-two Americans, Including Ten Philadel; phians, Are Receiving Instruction at the Great Airplane Academy at Avord By HENRI BAZIN Btaff Corretpondent o Jie Evening Ledger In rrance, ALUA3IBHA roicns Ihc shiver of Icavci on Alhambra, faint MMfc that falls Through the fountains the palp moon li haunting; night cymlnlt and calls Unto rillylnp ghosts down the tiilllnht of pa don and halli. Out along the steep hunparti there I? fire upon cactui ami thorn Ai the sun like some red tambourine the mad autumn lias hotne Seems snatclitd fiom a revelry ended tilth gesture of scorn. And tatter of satcenct and samite in the thotns on the breeze Show where sultan and caliph went forth unto fortune's decrees, With their shields and their banners and litters, the pageant of these, "Whilst behind tho blood-tin sclcd horizon the conquistadors, With plumage und jicarls in high galleys of cloud, unto uars And to farther adicntmo go forth upon lonelier shoies. ncllsl Iftls of the nightfall responding pom hospice and splic Of clolstcis of t'a rou I, of canons en throned in their choir Till the stones of Alhambta arc stirred as the stilnos of a lyre! Then hush on the plain; the trystlng of teind and of star Through the midnight of heaven or tho song of some lover afar 'iVic sJiWH "11'oc is met" and the strum of a gipsy gullart TUP MAS WALSH. Dead Ones? Not Much! "T.nftlfltin , ah . t -.,..... ,, ull, durBey noy3 Jn a morn, contemp," says R. C. R., and know ing most of tho lively lads in question, this news rather hit mo In tho midriff: PITMAN' The Slnsonlo Club, com prised mainly of members of many dif ferent lodges of tho order who spend tholr summers In the grave, has nearly DO members enrolled this season. GBNTLI3 readers will remember our contribution to "Famous Sayings of Great Men" wherein wo told of Arnold uonnott's crying, "I shawn't eat It!" when a dish of terrapin was set beforo him. Now this, by Richard Butler Glaenzer, Jn tho August Bookman, isn't hawf bad: 8NAIVSII0TS OlAjOMSH AVTHOItHi Drlat-mlll of tho riv Towns; llakfr of bo many loaves, Ko finely kneaded and ao large That they have startled America Into overwhelming him with uralse llrllllant, versatile, diffuse. '. With an amuilns noso Vnr tha ntcaresauo! I'erhnps too sell-complacent, I.Ike his mouth Our fault, for we slid our laurels Korgettlnir. like himself, , That his la "tho way of all flesh." AFTER TUB HIKE Two army shoes lay resting, Propped up by blanket rolls; Their tongues hung out and wearily They Viewed two fagged holes. "These arc the times," the right ono said, "Tha times that try men's soles." UOnAOfl HOOK, THE ROBIN is no clock-watcher I KeeD an eye open for him these evenings and you'll -see him hopping about In the grass ute aun, ion afur aA PARIS, June 30. T6onTIIi:n with a number of Journalists and writ, I havo boen tho gucrt of tho ITcnc'i War Ofllco at Avord, the airlo of Allied aviators. Thero I saw 000 young then, wnr filers In tho maklnr, every man jack ns nt ns a flddlo and eager for his pilot's hrovct. Tho Brent majority were, of course, Trench, but with them wore Russian, Jnpi nere, Italian, Serbian, Rumanian, Belgian and Portuguese youths, and last, but not least, soventy-two tboys from tho United States. They come virtually from every State In the Viilon, with a bravo showing of twenty fiom Pennsylvania, of whom ten aro from Philadelphia or suburban potnts a few miles away Their names aro Charles J Diddle, Andalusia, and Julian C, Blddlc, Leo J llrennnn, Lewis Leslie Bycrs, James A Connelly. Joseph Plynn. Upton S Sul livan, Archibald O. McCall and Stephen Tyson, all of tho Quaker City, with Charles Kcrwood, of Brn Mawr. I urn honored In being permitted to hero Inscrlbo their names, and I pray every reader of thlf article may mako them a silent salute. Avord Is In tho Department of Cher nnd nbout 160 miles duo south of Paris, being thus virtually In tho center of Franco. Be foro tho war It was a vlllago hardly to bo found on tho map, nlthoUBh n small avia tion school had existed thcro from 1913 Today It h tin largest nnd most Important in Iatlon school In all Krance, with a popu lation of 4000 people It Is ft vast camp of Hying men, mechanics, sleeping quarters, nhops and hangars, with vnstcr fields ns Hying, starting and landing points. Hangars abound all over tho placo Six hundred machines aro In uso and over 1000 motors. Prom 12,000 to ir.,000 gallons of gasoline nre used dally Bxpert mechanics, In tho main from l'rcnch colonics, quickly repair, adjust and put together motors as well as virtually icbutld the mnchincs when neces sary There Is i hospital and a llro depart ment and all tho adjuncts of a city. Tho buildings nro of wood and cement, t-olldly constructed and In no sense temporary Thoy aro, It goes without saying. In tho simple good tasto pievalcnt everj where In Prance. Like a Flock of Birds Wo who wero privileged to seo witnessed a nover-to-bo-forgottcn sight within an hour after our arrival, 200 f! Ing machines being sent Into tho all at ono tlmo for our benefit, tho purring of their motors roscmullng a great roar In different notes of a fctrnnpe srilo, and tho machines themselves a hugo jck of birds which flew not In llock forma tion, but seemingly haphazard In every di rection under tho lovely blue of June. And uftor dark, amid a starlit, moonless sky, 100 flew again, each with a starboard and larboatd light, as a ship About a third of this number perforated thrilling stunts as their lights Indicated, while others executed such maneuvers as are usually only to be seen nt tho front, dropping bombs upon lm agluary foes, thootlng LevvU shells at Imagl nan Hoches, discharging graceful rockets as usid In Zeppelin attack and defente It wns altogether an uutoigcttnblo sight, dem onstrating tho full worth of this Important branch of a Eervlco that luis becomo an heroic reality and a stein necessity of mod ern warfare. Tho American boys were marshaled In threo squads nt different points of a tast field, J 000 hectares hquare. Two of tho squads wero photographed, among them five of the boy3 from Philadelphia. It was my pleasure to shake hands with cad' of them, and to noto their eager, modest vigor and outhful manliness If signs count for anything, thc&e boj s will bo heard rrom One, Charles Kerwood, of Uryn Mawr, has tho distinction of being the first Ameri can voluntarily to enlist In any branch of American nrmy scrvlco after tho entry of the United States In tho war, having appllea In Paris for aviation Instruction within threo hours after tho April news came over tho who. More Than 200 Americans Trained It Is and was at Avord that 222 joung Americans were nnd nre being entrained ns members of tho Lafayette Fl lug Corps of the Kiench and now the American nrmy Twenty of these oung men aro members of the Lifajette ccadri!lP, filing tho Stars and Stripes on tho western front. Six af'e la French escadrllles and two In Allied Army escadrllles They rink from captain, tho titles In tho French army held by IJert Hall, of Kentucky, to slmplo pilot. Seventeen have received the CroK do Gueire, and four the Military Medal, truly tho proudest distinction of tho Fiench army. Three aro ncos having bi ought down five or moro enemy planes. Nine havo given their lives for tho cause, and ono Is a prisoner hi German). Ono hun dred and six are now nt Avoid, and eight at other schools In France. Of tho Avord trt- iniv.mvnn nrn men Wlin ironi. u- perlenco. being temporarily detached to tho school as instructors and Interpreters. Fully 20 per cent havo seen service of six months or moro In tha Amertcan Ambulance, and eleven boys havo cerved In tho Foreign Legion or various branches of tho French nrmy during tho last two years. Of these, Lugcno Bullar.d twenty-six years old, of Columbus, a Is tho only negro from over tho sea. Ho Is as black as tho proverbial aco of spades. Buliard, whoso physiognomy Is full of Intelligence, has Hoosovelt beaten forty blocka on white teeth This boy has served thirty months In "tho Legion nnd was twice wounded, in each Instanco ho was reported killed nnd tho nous telegrnphod to America aa the flr.'t black man from tho United States to give his life for France. Ho wears tho Croix do Guerre, the Military Medal and the smile that won't como off. He Is a qualified pilot on ajl types of machines savo tho Hunting plane, in which ho is taking flnal instruction Finally, ho has tho dis tinction of being tho solo rcprosentatlvo In nny Al Ind nrmv of tho millions of negroes in tho United States As such ha Is very proud and .lonely. Bemcmborlng ho had been reported killed, I said to him Just before tho photograph wns taken: "Tho next tlmo you nro rolng to die, Buliard, send mo word In advance. And If your nlr courago Is as good as your skin Is black, you'll bo somo flier." As I reached for his hand with tho words, ho rcpllod: "I am proud to havo served Franco, an'' now moro proud to servo tho United States Tho only part of her that will bo in tho nlr' Is tho bunch that will fly for her. And won't you try nnd get somo moro black men over thero to como over nnd help on this Job?" French, Bolgian nnd Italian Machines Tho machines used at Avord aro of tho Farman, Coudron, Volsln, Blcrlot, Spaed, Nieuport and Caprona types, being thus French, Belginn and Italian, somo with ono nnd others with two and threo motors, and serving In tho varied branches of ob servation, photographing, bombthrowlng nnd fighting. Upon our arrival eveiy ma chine In tho outfit was drawn up ns If on parade beforo their respective hangars, looking for all tho world llko so many gi gantic Insects. And ns more than a third took tho air, the sight was one of wonder nnd admiration Beforo wo left for Paris, Doctor Oroh, who has truly fathered tho American Am bulance nnd Lafhyotto Flying Corps, gath ered nil tho Amorlcnn boys together nbout us and spoko feelingly of and to thesa bravo joungsters whoso faces wo could hardly mnko out In tho night, saying that they wero tho real advanco guard of a great American army, nnd that thoso who had enteicd tho rchool and tho scrvlco beforo American entry were entitled to special honor for serving their hearts ns well ns their country. And ns wo entered our cars, some joungsters yelled ouf "Boys, glvo a real cheer for tho littlo old U. S. A." It camo from their youthful throats with a vim nnd a will that sounded like home Avord Aviation School Is In chargo of Captain Max Boucher, of tho French Army, and under tho direction of Lieutenant Colonel GIrod, Inspector General of Avia tion for Frnnce. Since America Is going in strong for aviation, nnd since, too, aviation is playing and destined to play a tremen dous part In tho war which must, In tho main, end through American arms, tho moro American boys that can come to Avoid, tho better. It might bo fully possl blo to secure cntlro control of Avord School and make It virtually a purely American baso for nv Iatlon pupils from the United States. For hero aro tho machines, tho shops, the instructors and all tho accessories that would permit teaching tho gamo of filing ,.u Mu.tiiij- ana to ueuer advantage than at any school existing or to be constructed In tho United States. Certainly It is undenl nlily truo that at Avord a thoroughly ex perienced, progressive, methodical couise of Instruction Is given, as Is evidenced in tho record of 300 able fliers turned out monthly. This means tint for puiely or almost purely American purposes Avord means more than woulj convey In American future nlr glory Hero are nil the needs for manufacturing heroes, whipping Into shape Intrepid soldiers of the nlr. who lake their lives In their hands to n degree Impossible to nny land or sea sol dier, no matter how brave and true Here moro than C000 aviators could be turned out In n year, and twice that number at less expenditure than 1000 in nny school for aviation In any part of the United States Send would-bo flleis for tho cause of right to Avord And send them in ship loads. Bvery man of them would be full welcome, and what's moio to the point every nnn of them Is needed. AJNXUJN J-iiUNvj 1JN . m THE TRENCHISi Ho Was Found Working In Oh. mergau Last Year After Munich R, nn.ln nf tile, TV..1U ! . ... W i,u" " "Mm in wattle ' mill! report that Anton Lang, ciMi.nua ui vjuuruinmergau, la nt,ii in the German armies is again In clrcuj uon. ii iiibi uJieurcu in 1915 and October of that year it was announs Hint- tin li!,1 tinnn 1II1A,1 I- t Korvlnc n maehlnn f-iin cnm. "3 newspapers printed graphic account. tho ndlon In which ho was killed ana 3 yuiistui minion ui mo tunuiy expresniJ oi ma mew uiiu una oi murderous for tho French. Early In 191C, D. Thomas Curtln, was in eiormany to siuciy war condltl made inquiries nbout tho fate of t In Berlin littlo was known of hlmi Munich ho was told that thero mlsM S u iiusi.iKu in mo icport that Lang been killed. Curtln wont - . ,.,v ,, tu iinM-OT. mcrgau. As ho passed tho village church! yard ho went In to find tho grave of .c3 dead actor of tho "Passion Play," if j.ia tdimvu ii iMifc". yu incrc. no found at stono with tho nnmes of Hans and T?!' nrd Lang. Ho continued his walk till hi' l cached tho 'Pension Bahelm. th t. of Lang. As ho enteicd tho door he saw a man nt work nt his potter's wheel i was tho famous Anton. Ho had not been out of tho vlllago sinco tho war beM$ Curtln lived in tho house while he tl'M malned in tho village nnd 'talk,i .IVH Frau Lang. Sho showed him the Amerli -un ijaiiuia containing tno accounts Of Iff nusoand-H ugiiting nnd his murderoui .uu... ..; iiU ..nuv.ivi.-u u .frenchman with ix iviiuo two icet Jong. "Amnrlrnn nntfcnnnH .... . -"l'fa tell storlw which arc not nil true, don't they?" 6ni usKeu. vJ Cm tin nflmltforl fl,n ... i..i M w- " "" sensational newspapers which wcio not ovcrpartW lar about their statements. It tranam" during tho conversation that Lang him self had read In a Munich paper the rC port of his death in battle. Tho Amer? can correspondents had evidently read It' uiou uiiu hoiii n io incir papers. ;vs u matter or fact. Laff ,, nevefA had a day of military training In his life? Ho is at present flfty-threo years old . unless it has become necessaiv for tv,; Government to call to tho colors men fari beyond the customarv military n v. .1 . " "J "b 110 U,! no lunger jiaoio to seivice. What Do You Know? I,' ' It THE VOICE OF THE PEOPLE A Socialist Defends American Law Guardsmen Need Tobacco i TROOPS NEED TOBACCO To the Editor of the livening Lcilner: Sli I am writing to find out If I could interest you In obtaining, through jour val uable paper, a fund to buy cigars, cigar ettes and tobacco for tho bojs In Company No 3, Supply Train, X G. P, of Philadel phia. Most of the boys In our company aro those who worked hard and wero compelled to turn over a largo part of their wages to their families, and, as a consequence, came hero nearly broke." I bellevo If you would glvo tho matter somo publicity tho nubile of Phllndelnhla would start a subscription to help us estab lish a fund to buy theso things. Wo need nbout J100 or moro to start our fund, and after tho boys get a pay we can maintain It ourbelves. Tho proceeds of our fund, at tho termina tion of tho war, will bo used In fitting up our headquarters so as to mako everything comfortablo for tho men. I feel sure tho Philadelphia peoplo will respond liberally to this fund, especially thoso who are unable !2 ? ?"! $bM- So- ns lons as wo can do their "bit." they can help keep the boys comfortable. C. ItLSLEY TltACV Sergeant. Truck Co. No. 3, Supply Train Mt Gretna, Pa., July 21. purposely confused. That Is why I prefer American socialism to plain socialism American socialism does not mean to creato trouble nnd -dissension among tho peoplo when the American principles are nt stake. American socialism knows that n order for pure liberty, politically and Industrially to come to pas,. It Is necessary ,i. .. , ""':'- minu, were uncon stitutional he wouldn't havo asked for It American Socialists do not question the honesty of the President Volunteering nnd had"?nJ.',1 .ar ,h0 n,y two methodH "S had for raising an army of defense Tho first has been tried and failed AVe had to adopt conscription on a selective basis This Is a war between democracv of d ffercnt nations against tho autocracy of other nations AVo know which wfll in n, .i, ..".., ;.'""" "l ,uro uemocraey v n i m ainn-. t .- ..- ....v.uv.aiia Know tho QUIZ 1. Inn Unll-an countries will nrotrst aealnrt" "X.A '?9 . "' o "ll'' them nWaJ52 ju.inuii- powers nt the confer I'uris. Narno them. " n Tt. .. t, . " itrift" "r"ne" uo c"mPt '" " Dillltarr! Allan0 IW'..0"" !" """ Fr,nth Ed"l 1. IVI'jt rhrr l mentioned In illipatchfii iH'iSeXia.irThS pr S. VI ho Is llio ruck of Gel-ninn fnlMni.. 0. Vthat Is the chief difference between tV theatres? "' Am"'ran " EI18 7. Mho It William Denman? 8. Vthat was the "Ilaby llolllngtr ease"T 9- M '!?,-!" "oppowI to lime mined the phran, "ClrriiinjtunccH over which I have no 10. What comooier. imnnlnrly nnnoed fo bo or liiiro (.ermaii origin, hud IleUlan blood in Ills velni'. Answers to Yesterday's Quiz 1. About 22.000 nlrrdnnes are provided for in tho new United Htntes air Hett. 2. Van Vollenhnien. director of the Nether. J lands bunk. Ik n member of tho Dutch i joinmlmlon which will come to Ameriej tlon with American export. K 3. Mauri Itennnd. n famous French oneratlll htlritone. left fhA Ktne in upia In thAVl rim, nfter hnvlne refused to do all-' trt len ultn n tniinv min 17 Itnrj 4. - 'Quota," In the easo of the mllltarr drsftjf me ins lislr tup number or men who vll lie callctl for phlcul examination front y each dlfitrlct, 5. Ceornei Vi barton I'epner. of Philadelphia, It? Iinlrtnnn nf the National Commute of t l'atrlctlc nnd Defrnno .societies. "lr 0. "Tlneo D.mnos et donn ferentes" nioaiu.'f' "l fenr the (.reeks, even when they brimrj Elfts." I 7. .Mo lor General Thomns II. Ilarry. V. S. A..vS Is hinted tn succeed Major Oenerol Huttr I., hcott. U. S. A., ns Chief of Staff jf tbn nrmy upon the retirement of tool I illor - , Gitalin. ,4 latter. R. Tn "Tim UhUlniwl." liv novpA trerrv Is a prediction or n treat war vt-f which I'ncland will be Involved. v.- 0. A "protean nrtlst" Is a staito nerfonaM f who fiHNiimeH various disguises during on, "act." The origin of the eTnreslon Ml In llnmer. l'rateus belne mentioned as K erratum nble to at-sunio many shapea of 'J nntnnils. 10. Tho Russian national nnthem forma thai muslcnl basis of "llall. Pennsylvania." J line of the University of Tennsjhanla'IJ over tho world. intern ana purpose of the Dccliritinn T, independence because we have he A" can feeling unadulterated. Ameri- mo principles of Americanism ,,. .u. . ... . " " ""J A SOCIALIST WHO BELIEVES IN AMERICANISM To the Editor of the Evening Ledger: Sir No riots attended the dnv .ti tration, and Americans, by appearing an proved tho plan. They nro also satisfied by the way In which their numbers were drawn. Servitude means bondage, and every American feels ho Is In bondage by choice t0Jth.?.me,,lcan.prln.clplea of Kovernment, nud ""JU" must maintain theso principles through tho wpMd. It Is tho same kind of bondage a man feels toward the wife ho loves. Democracy la a much-abused word. Llko liberty, it has ben defined. n as many ways as there, are different speaking tongues throughout tho world, it's confusing r0 I prefer tho word Americanism. Under standing tho American temperament, I un- ucr.iiiim ip, icmiiumni or .Washington dependence, and thplrftTf ""&?"?: .and preamble of th r-r...tiiV...tl.clar.at?n ft2f3M&H ism and Ivu8Kini ".. 5rom. German- distance between brass and" gom"1 ' Philadelphia, July 24. a B, N. THE ENIGMATIC ENGLISHMAN It IS a bit dlfllcult fn- A .. " Ihe S. ;Tn' L n. ?fi'wa S' " L"" " w Pert. accordlno ","J V" IHshman and the American nBllshma. the ho''"seVetetek.nAethrenlan f W'" thin And vXrneteen onuSn errs8tw MW zneroT0r ,r sssr&tiz American nnd." hlnSritT UieomoT a man who possesses certain n.m,panjr ot knowledge, t seems S'"TU BU1" or him to draw that n out bnon'ili111 for subject. -Hut when deaUng with a EnW man he usually draws a blank ?i 7? '! either by a cold stare or n sml'lln i la mot Tho man may be a dlstinEu8heanefvnslPn' or soldier, or writer: but to i,f t5te8man' responseglhalf awkward hJie 1 ttom "s to your hrewde7anm,oSaBeahrUera.oroUB rles on tho subject of polHica S?lnK qu' letters, you will bo left with the imWar' ,or that you havo been conversing wm? WB pant and rather superficial amateur r??' American, who Is accustomed to '"m" prayers to the gods ot KnowiiriJS f i i'8 Ileum. WwL.to doiwJ K ' -"" " " ' ' ,""MyMOMV U Ills. hOIIBH. JQ KOSSUTH IN PHILADELPHIA T-aECENT demonstrations at Independencti' JLvHall followed precedents that go fajlj back Into Philadelphia's past The reP; tlon of Louis Kossuth centered nbout tM old Stato House In tho last days of Do ccmber, 1851. The bulldlng'was decorated) with tho flags of Hungary, Turkey andj the United States. It Is odd that Turkey should ever have been praised at the Shrlns of Liberty, and It was Indeed only super flclally that tho Porto had aided the great Hungarian patriot. When he fled from Hungary after his revolution of 1848 ha., took refuge In Turkey. The Sultan w&J?' nt ono tlmo on the point of delivering up Kossuth to the Vienna authorities and onlfj tho Influence of England and FranCa saveS, him from this fate. tj Kossuth arrived In Philadelphia on th day before Christmas. He was escorted from his lodgings by tho City Troop to Inde pendence Hall. Ho was In a baroucn drawn by six horses. The military pro cession was remarkably large. So great ah Impression had tho liberty-loving Hum garlan's career made that all parts of tn Stnto sent delegates. There were twenty companies from nearby counties, ana twenty-six companies of tho First Dlvlslow under Major General Patterson quite W army, which tho patriot reviewed. Tw existence of so many military organization lrt evnlnlnArl hv hv tnrt that this V Bhortly after tho Mexican War, before tS martial spirit had died out. i Mayor Gilpin addressed the visitor at fh Stato House and then Kossuth spoko fret a platform in Independence Square. A CO rlous phase of tho reception, of partlcuU Interest at this tlmo, was the partlolpatlo of many Germans radicals who had fj from their Fatherland after the revolutU of 1848. Thoy were denouncing the Prt slan tyranny at Berlin as well as tho Hap burg tyranny nt Vienna, and they sang ti "Star Spangled Banner" In German In how of Kossuth nnd vejth 'the hope of .a fr Germany and a free Hungary In th hearts. On tho night of tho 26th there wi a great banquet in honor of Kossuth I Musical Fund Hall. Ouests leaving building heard an alarm of fire and saw.tl sky lit up over Independence Hall. Tw thought tho building was on fire and It w a narrow escape Indeed, The fire w . the northeast corner ot Sixth and CheitM streets and was a big one, but lucKiiy .....v. vo huv irum wiu iiuionupBWf -y That Are may have been an, ow" ouPVIUllftW..:tolfc Not..wiui iM
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers