am T PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY crnira ir it ct'ivrifl, rtiotst 6ar1e tt Ltrtlnetott.V.cet'rtiildrnt, John 0. Martin, ftrrytarr una Treaeiirer. millo S Collin. John a WlWama, Dlretrfare KDITOTIIAL liOAItD! Ciaosll K. CctTta, Chairman. WlTAtKT Bitnitlre Hdltof It joitn c MAimw Ofnrrml Botlnee fnrr Published dally at ttaue Leroaa Itullrtlnf , Independence Square, Philadelphia. ttlvjfa CaiTRAt. llrond and Chntmit Btrete AruiUJfl Cm ,. ., . . .1'rns-Unlon ItundlnK Saw Voa J.0-A, Metropolitan Tnw.r DaritorT ., for1 ntillillne; fir txima ... . ,.,tOB atobe Democrat IluIMInf CllKUBO .1203 rrtoiKi Uulldln Lonoos.. ..... 8 Waterloo riace. Tall Mall, 8. IV. NEWS nt'ItliAUS: Wiaitiwrof ttrsaiur Trie rent HulMInK New Teal Dctui . .. ,,..TFe rimm niMMIn HtnU JIdrud ... ,,.,,(10 Friei1rlchntrM Iflinos limit; S Pall Mat! Kant, B W l'lKIS Ucicac 32 Hue Loula la Grand 8unflcntPTio.v tefims Br carrier. Duly Oitr, alx cente Ilr mull po-ipal'1 Jut-Me nt Philadelphia, tit.pt where foreign poMeae la MHiolrad. D1U.T OstT, on month, twentr-ne centa; Jam OMT one year Mire dollars All mall eub iirtptkwia parable In advance. VoTlpe SubFerlhera wlihtn addreae chatieed miiet llv old aa well aa new addreae. BFIX. J009 VAI.NUT KFYSTONF, MAtV JOOo Cy AAArr all errnimuttfrafton to rvrntng lao'r, IndtptruUnoe Square, rhUai'lpMa SfTutn at tub rimiottrmi roaTorncs ia atcoiD oun uiil uirrsa. THE AVEItAOK NET PAID DAIt.T CIRCULA TION OF Till: KVBN1NO l.EDCJEn FOn JUNK WA8 B1.8J7. rlllLADLLrillA, MONDAY. JULY 20, 1913. The march of progress tias tierer hastened bu assassination, though wars have been precipitated bu it. THE Evenino Ledqeii has received many letters, signed with pseudonyms or with initials only, somo of which end with the familiar "we daro you to publish this " Whllo tho Evkning l.KDOEn publishes letters to which tho author's real name is not ap pended, It docs so only when tho Identity of tho writer Is known to tho editor. Anony mous communications aro invariably thrown Into the wastobaskct. Prevention Better Than Contrivances for Rescue THIS death trap has dono Its work Now tho Investigators will do theirs. It Is so caBy to find out why a thing happened; so hard, It seems, to discover In advanco how to aold catastrophes. It Is nppurcnt already that no extra sup ply of lifeboats or able seamen would havu been effective. Tho object of tho law should bo to prevent accidents, not to minimizes their effects after they havo hoppencd. Yet tho wholo purpose of tho LaFolletto legislation, which Is about to drlvo tho American marine from tho oceans, Is to provldo means of red cue, Thcro Is nothing In It to assure such rigid inspection that pxcldonts aro not likely to happen. Tho Eastland was a vessel notoriously un wieldy and dangerous. Cleveland was glad to got rid of her Yet sho plied hor trado unhindered in Chicago. It may bo comfort ing to think of tho (lnal tragedy as an acci dent, yet tho accident really Is that tho catastropho did not happen long ago. Fate, not tho Government, delayed It so long. Against tho dangers of Insidious Iceberg, fag and storm, man is Impotent, but thcro Is ona thing tho Government can do and that is prevent tho uso of enselH that aro not sea worthy. Strict lequlrcment") before vessels are given certificates will save moro lives than all tho LaFollotto laws that over were conceived of or put on tho statute books. Tho Law Is the Law r IN England tho Nation, a weekly newspaper, advises tho Government not to put cotton on tho list of absolute contraband. "Somo such similar action," it says, "united against us in activo warfaro tho wholo civilized world 100 years ago, even In tho end dragging us Into a dreary fight with tho United States." It also points out that England protested against cotton being declared contraband during tho Russo-Japanese war, and con tinues: "American cotton States wish to know whether Britain's command of the seas Is to Justify her In making or unmaking In ternational law as It suits her convenience of tho moment," . England docs not make International law. She cannot vary the rules to suit her con venience. Sho has no Jurisdiction over American rights. Her arbitrary edicts wo havo not recognized. Tho only law wo know anything about Is the law that existed be fore this war broke out, and that is the law which this country will obey and which It will expect all other nations to obey. It Is beginning to dawn on the British that rigid adherence to tho principles of Interna tional law is of far more Importance to tho Empire than any temporary advantage that can possibly be gained by opportunistic vio lation of accepted precedents No Interference in European Affairs; Defense of Our Rights Always! WE ARE not concerned with the machina tions; of foreign Powers, Tho great prin ciples on which tho prosperity of this nation roats are written for the most part In the Constitution and tho Declaration of Inde pendence. One of the most important, how ever, found1 expression In the warning of Washington that we beware of foreign en tanglements His close adherence to that policy brought down on his head the bitter denunciation of men of his time. But he never wavered. Europe seethed and injus tice reigned In those days, but the American Republic took no sides. It permitted Itself to be interested In only one way, namely, In the protection of American rights. To this It dedicated Its young strength and eventually had to fight, first France, and then England. It hesitated in neither caso when it was evident that there vas no other way out. The rape of Belgium and Luxemburg and the atrocities thereafter committed have sickened America But ofttaJftUy these out. rages are none of our business. That has been the policy of the Government, a polloy fur which there Is an abundgntp qf hlatorlo precedent and with wutea the grat maw of Amwlcans ore in full accord. ' But when Europn begtu to repeat the aggression of a century ago when the bel llrmU attempt to fence In thai Mentis, when they prey on Amerloan eemmweo. murder our uttzena and Ue our Bfwfterty, there tf no course left open to us but lnalnt. inn our immunity from attach Here eVfeie this Government follows precedent It ftaay le that the time U not ripe for a plltJ prwll tu Uitat Britajja, Wbfesfe has :ili-.dy tMtea warned and ayatatt the de iitjm uf vsrn iiiw court a. caveat bite i.o rild i'euiiHly tbe (teieiMw of AJcrl : l, rat i of tn.t ifnmUr UuporUlKe ttun.it ' i. c Mt ftt Aiwrteifi iropert Fr the I :"!-.il liu ai U? luido- t!itt U Uu 0 EVFK1NG power that cnn lift corpse from the grave or, from tho ocean's depths and restore to them tho breath of llfev Wo have received nnd are receiving from tho Alltesino hurt for whlAh full recompense cannot bo i given. Wo havo received from Germany Injuries of tho sort Cor which thercicah bo no reparation. It 1st Incumbent on Washington, In a crisis which affects all neutral nations and wilt eventually affect oven lho belligerents, to atnnd footauro for Um law of nations. It must ncqulosco In no aggressions, It must mako no compromise, It must nt any cost Insist on tho full recognition of neutral rights. That It Intends bo to do Is fully ap parent In tho latest German note. No Amcr lean need fear that Great Britain will bo shown any special consideration. Her time Is not yet, that It alt. Go Ahead: Councils Will Fall Into Line "PHILADELPHIA Is nn old woman, nl- ways looking for reasons why a thing crinnot bo done. Sho has the caution of ago, instead of tho optlmlBtlo vision of youth, Tho way to got tho Republican National Convention Is to go ahead on tho assumption that Councils will nuthorlro tho convention hall Tto assumo that Councils won't latho sort of 'drunken fatalism that ends In dry rot and I extinction " Tho man rcsponslblo for this thought In tho kind of fellow who would drlvo a railroad through tho Andes. Ho wouldttnko n "Mcssago to Garcia." What happened .after ho delivered It would not make mucin difference As far aa-tho contention hall Is concerned, Philadelphia has tho money, has tho plans nnd has tho sites. Tho only thing it has not got Is tho authorization of construction on somo particular Blto by Councils. Yot what Is Councils but otio of tho Instruments with which tho community accomplishes Its pur posos? It may bota blunt tool; but It Is not bo blunt that tho drlvo of tho community behind it cannot mako it work. It will re spond to public oplrdon. It has dono so bo foro. Thcro Is no power that can provent It from registering tho will of tho community If that will Is properly expressed. Councils Is Republican. It Is absurd to supposo that It will definitely warn tho na tional party not to havo Its convention In Philadelphia. That It what a refusal to authorlzo tho convention hall would mean. Let the Chamber of Commerce put tho full weight of Its authority behind a dcflnlto slto and thero need bo no fear of what Councils will do. Botter a convention hall on any slto than no convention hall at all. Botter a straight fight to compel Councils to show Its hand than no flghtiat all. It Is an absurdltyto supposo that Councils can checkmato tho progressive program of tho business men of tho city. It Is ridiculous to assume that Philadelphia's future Is in tho hands of polltlclansand not In tho hands of Industrial leaders. The fight to got tho convention has been launched. Lot's seo the Phtladelphlans who will daro to submarlno ltl "Bill" Needed in Washington THE nation needs Its great statesmen at Washington. Admlrablo as Senator Vare has found tho qualifications of his brother for the mayoralty to be, it Is apparent that tho same qualifications are greatly needed In a Congress not overloaded with brains. "Brother Bill" has been re-elected byahand somo majority to sit In tho House of Repre sentatives and assist in the making of laws for tho wholo nation. Ho must bo needed down there, whero statesmanship Is at a premium. It would bo selfish, Indeed, of "Ed" to withdraw him. Wo have no doubt that at least 100,000 Phtladelphlans would be glad to sign a petition urging tho emlnont Congressman to stick to his last and continuo to be a maker Instead of an executor of the law. How Will They Vote? ABOUT 600,000 metal trades workers In fac Xjl torles producing arms and munitions, it is ofllclally announced in Now York, will do mand moro pay and shorter hours. They base their move on tho prosperity of the factories affected. How will theso 600,000 workers vote next year? Tor a tariff policy that assures low wages or a tariff program that renders higher wages probable? They aro undertaking now to take ad antago of an abnormal situation. How about a fow months ago when they wore unablo to get any wages at all? Peace wages, not war wages, la the prize worth striving for. Tho workman who wants to protect his wage will vote to protect tho factory that pays it. Now It Is Poisoned Poland BLEEDING Poland now becomes Poisoned Poland, It Is not enough that Germany, Austria and Russia should be raging back and forth over this unhappy land, involving an innocent people in their bloodshed. This time Poland's prayer Is to bo saved from the terrors of Germany's asphyxiating gases. In Its appeal to President Wilson the Polish American Committee calls attention to an entirely new development in the use of gases, "If used henceforward," they say, "it will poison our citizens, make the water and the crops unfit for use and poison our wells and cattle, Tho effect after the war, we believe, will be to cause tho population to die out slowly as a consequence of chlorine poison ing." Surely a, terrible penalty to pay for the ac cident of living between the Russian and German belligerents! The Germans, may get to Warsaw. Napoi leott gat to Moseow, i imawaawaei n I i ina.i Mr. Hearst Bays there are no statesmen left In Washington slnoe Mr, Pryan left. r&ubt!M Mr. Bryan will agree with him. Mr. WBamakers prepal to py Jl&Q.OOo,. cm.m for Belgium need, no be taken too serfMMdy. "There ain't that muah mosey." AH of our statawwao n to be In favor of a "adequate" avy Just, as the Qeju cratlo platform was, but why doeWt sjrM one of them ay what he means ta4e ojuUe"! Tb difference between lnllltariaw 4M4 tuwptradiUM Is the dtffwwe btW4&pMM your boy to be nolclier nd rlsl ltrB in ufc f W8.y thai tt kuwwe tww ( U U turn tvi, LEPGEK-PHIEAPKCTmA", MONDAY, JTTinr 2B, TS; . ..... .. "' '" " ' ""' Mill DOES GERMANY CONTROL AMERICA? Tho Recent Assertion of Jurisdic tion Over Germans In Munitions Factories Hero Raises a Vital Issue. By ST. GEORGE BOLTON ONE of thd causes of tho War of 1812 with Great Britain was tho British inslstenco on acting in accordance with tho policy ex pressed In tho saying, "Onco nn Englishman, always an Englishman," Thoy denied that a British subject could transfer his allegiance, and they Impressed Into their service American seamen who had been naturalized and had forsworn alle giance to tho King. Tho United States could not admit the validity of any such aot or grant tho sound ness of tho prlnclplo underlying tho famous British boast that a man who was born British must dlo British and was at all times subject to tho law of tho British Emplro. A nation whoso citizenry was to( bo re cruited from peoplo of all tho nations of tho earth must Insist on tho right of tho Immi grants to chooso for themselves whom they would servo Tho diplomatic archives In Washington aro bulging with loiters In which tho right of Immigrants to American citizenship Is dis cussed. As long ago as September 23, 1800, John Marshall, then Secretary of Stato, In urging tho payment of an award by Spain to naturalized Americans who had been British subjects, a payment resisted by Spain on tho ground that tho claimants wcro not Amer icans at tho tlmo Great Britain acknowl edged tho Indepcndonco of tho colonlos, de clared that when tho lawn adopt on Indi vidual no nation han tho right to question tho validity of tho act, unless It bo ono who has a conflicting tltlo to tho person ndoptod. And In 1812, Jnmes Monroe, who was then Secretary of Stato, wroto to tho British Min ister in tho courso of a letter demanding tho rclcnso of lmprcssod seamen that "It Is im posslblo for tho United States to discriminate botwoen tholr native and naturalized cltl zons; nor ought your Government to expect It, no It makes no such discrimination Itself." It was not until 1870, however, that tho British Parliament formally renounced tho old doctrine, "Once an Englishman, nlways an Englishman," and passed a law recogniz ing tho transfer of allegiance from England to another Power. The Purpose of Pan-Germanism Modern Germany, with Its Pan-Germanic theory, has Btrlven to rotaln tho loyalty, if not tho formal allcglanco, of Germans, wherever thoy may havo migrated. Tho Kaiser has dovotcd himself to keeping allvo their Interest In tho Fatherland It was In pursuit of this policy that ho sent his brothor, Prlnco Henry, to tho United States a few years ngo, and has kept in close touch with tho Gorman colonies In South America and has sought ta pcrsuado tho South African Boers that Germany was their best friend, although tho Boers oxo Dutch and not Ger man. Tho publication in Berlin last week of an official declaration that Germans working in munition factories, particularly In tho United States, 'aro liable to prosecution for high treason Is an attempt to exercise criminal Jurisdiction over Germans wherovor they may be and to punish them for acts dono outside of tho territory whero the German laws run. It is a formal announcement that Germans who wish over to return to tho homo of their ancestors must earn .their living In some other way than by making weapons that may bo used against Germany If they wish to escapo Imprisonment. Although tho United States has a treaty with Germany It was negotiated with tho North German Union In 1868 recognizing tho right of Germans to transfer tholr allegiance to tho United States,! It would bo as easy for Germany to punish thoso who disregard the recent notice as it has been for it to punish thoso who havo boon naturalized hero with out having first served their term In tho Ger man army. Treaties Full of Loopholes Tho European nations, with practically no exception, have Insisted on military service from all their citizens, wherever universal servlco Is required. And this, too, In spite of agreements with tho United States In tended to protect tho naturalized alien In his rights of citizenship hero. Tho treaties are so drawn as to leave many loopholes. A man must first receive the con sent of his homo Government before ho can become an American citizen with tho same rights as a native-born American, If he be naturalized here without receiving that con Bent and then return to Italy or Austria or France or Germany, ho Is liable to arrest on the chargo of trying to escape his military duty; and If ho Is within tho activo military age, he must servo his term before ho is re leased. But It Is not easy to get that con sent. M. Vlgnaud, Chargo d'Affalres In Paris, wroto to John Sherman, Secretary of State In 1897, that "before or after his naturaliza tion abroad a Frenchman may ask his Gov ernment for its consent to renounce French national character; but if he Is of the age during which active military service is due, this consent Is never given, or given only under very exceptional circumstances, I do not know of any successful applications of this charaoter." But, M, Vlgnaud 'satd, the consent would bo given if the man had passed the military age; yet tho American Embassy has con sistently refused to make any applications' for such permission In behalf of naturalized Americans, "as such a step might Imply an improper admission on our part," meaning that It would Involve the admission of the American Government that Its naturalization papers are not valid without the approval of the Government to which the man had forsworn allegiance. Jf Germany should try any German-American for high treason because he had. worked In the Bethlehem steel planfy for example, there would doubtless be a new diplomatic correspondence which would make that over the Lusltanla stum tame. TUP SUMMER CLOTIIE3 PROBLEM Fran tii Chlcaro Utti4 KethJus Ui so Important to a man aa to be dreseed property at an evening fuaetlon When you aw lBvlt4 to a dlmwr during these eura row months call up other malee that you knew are going to be Invited and And out what they ate aeJnB to wear. They will all He jke war centers, but never naiad, call them up anyhow aild get oma kte of an Idea. " ' But if yo PWt OK your flrat part clothw you will diffCMMr when the round up at the club dinner com that every r,mle i, weafaag bis Ofttiajuy QfSce or ueat going ay tlolh irttb tf. ebOM On the oil.c; hand If you WMjr yoyr oAce Uotbo e,.j-,i od ei,, ftlj rtehjy ba ornavwiy atttr.a .,, Iuu veul drt tK welter ni i I. fjpKiouii at tu u.nd row b4e w . , ,v ,( , Qt (l my teUjL t ought to have told you that the men were go ing to dre" Ft U almost Impotslble to tell you how to get the right dope on tho correct thlttg to wear at dlhner or ntt evening party In the summer It would probably be best for you to go out to the country club early wearing your tuxedo and carrying your evsnlng dress suit, jour business clothes and the flannel trousers and black cOat and vest In jour suitcase Also take along a neat tent. Erect tho tent In a small but com pact forest and then, climbing briskly to the top of the highest tree, gn?o earnestly upon the ctubhouso Yernndft through a telescope. In due time tho guests will come out on the veranda to Inlmlo their cocktails. Then you can see what they ore wearing and, sliding down briskly from your tree, hasten to your little tent and adorn your person In the appropriate raiment. LfcTtERS FROM THE PEOPLE Securing tho Sympathy of tho Gorman American Justice for Mr. Lovekln nnd tho Women of Maine. To the Jldltor of the r.vsnlng Ledger: Sir At a time when mighty Influences and powers of Inesllmablo strength are at work In an endeavor to keep our nation from the guilt of unjustifiable war, or from the dire conse quences of war for which we may not be full' prepared. It Is somewhat encouraging to read In somo of our dally papem editorials of tne safio and evenly balanced character of those of the Evr.NiNo Ledgeo. And yet, not with tho view of praising you, but rather with the Idea of pointing out somo of the un-American and very questionable nolhocls of thoso favorable to Germany In this 'world conflict hns this letter been written. What, Indeed, may not bo the significance of tho oratorio efforts of on ex-Secretary of State, who, with tho advantago of a close acquain tance with the former policy of our Stato De partment, and a soomlng determination to mako himself heard, given forth expressions of Ill concealed hostility to our Prcsidont In rhetori cal phrases which cngngo tho attention of a large following? And, on tho other hand. we find this effort to secure tho sympathy and otes of German-American citizens counter balanced by the hoarso and dire muttertngs of nn ox-President, to whom the policy of tho Administration seems weak, and who would havo unhesitatingly plunged hla nation Into war with no possible reasoning as to Its causes or Its results Indeed, besldo tho strongly pro German tono of German dallies, wo find In our own city our supposed legal counselor address ing an audience of several thousand hyphenated Americans in a frenzied appeal for a protest against the policy of our national Government. But In tho midst of all this passionate pro test against tho shipping of munitions to tho Allies and denunciation of our present Admin istration, combined with hypocritical protesta tions or loyalty to our Government In case of war It Is gratifying, ovon encouraging, to ob servo that tho moro sober-minded citizens of foreign birth or extraction aro cither main taining a rigid silence or clso by their acts and expressions aro openly expressing a pref erence for tho American flag first. And not less encouraging Is tho absolute Inability of tho German Ootcrnment to distract attention from hor barbarity by references to alleged misdeeds of England, or to evade the Issues Of humanity raised by America. So, too, fa her failure to enlist American sympathy a tribute to tho bettor Judgment of our peoplo. With our President at the helm we can truly expoct an honorable peace If practicable, or wo can awalr with somewhat of tho spirit of '76 a Just war. If necessary. JOSEPH McC. BnOWNLEE. Philadelphia, July 22, 1915. HIGH PRAISE FOR MR. LOVEKIN To tho Editor of the Evening Ledger: Sir I notice with much pleasure that In the list of 14 Phtladelphlans deemed eligible to aid Mr. Edison on the Invention Board, which jou published In your edition of July 15, you have given the namo of Mr. Luther D. Lovekln a place. The list Is a flno ono, and Its only mis take Is In putting Mr. Lovekln'a namo at the bottom of tho list Instead of at the top Speak ing as an engineer of more than 40 j'ears' serv lco and from a close personal knowledge of Mr, Lovekln's remarkable abilities, I havo no hes itation In saying that tho transposition sug gested would do no more than pay to thoso abilities a proper and well-deserved tribute. Mr. Lovekln's position as chief engineer of tho New York Shipbuilding Company does not re flect In any full measure tho merits of his qualifications, even though tho marked and un surpassed excellence of the naval vessels built by that company show In no small degree his designing ability. Ho isia noted inventor along many lines of engineering and Is probably today the leading mind In practical steam engineering problems The records of tho Patent Office will bear witness to tho variety and Ingenuity of his successes In evolving means to accomplish results, and when It comes to Inventive genius as a requisite Phlladelphlans should be proud to doff the cap to Mr- Lovekln aa one who has no peer In, tho community. I congratulate you on tho selections you have published A. B. WJLLITS, Rear Admiral United States Navy, late Director vi inavy xarus. Philadelphia, July 23, 1915. 'INJUSTICE TO .MAINE WOMEN To the Editor of the Evening Ledger: Sir Maine Is one of the States where any bill passed by the Legislature can be held up until tho 'voters have expressed themselves upon It. This year the Maine Legislature passed a law that women In factories should not ba mado to work more than 61 hours a week. But tho luw has not been allowed to go Into effect. It has been held up by a petition signed by 13,000 male citizens of Maine the signatures of women would not have been legally valid calling for a popular referendum on the ques tion. Tho people are to express themselves; at least, about 50 per cent, of tho adult citizens of the State aro to express themselves. Tho other 50 per cent, that share of the population most directly and vitally concerned in the ques tion at issue, has no legal right of expression when this law Is submitted to the popular vote Could there be a more striking illustration of the reason why women, wage-earning women working under conditions established by law, should want a chance to help in framing those laws? ELEANOIt G. KAUSTEN, Bryn Mawr, July 21. LIMITATIONS ON FREE SPEECH To the Editor of the Evening Ledger: Sir E. A. Crewe in answering "American Legloner" makes the mistake of confounding free speech with license. In this colony, whose dependence on England is as complete as that of a babe on Its mother, It Is a prime necessity that the enemies of Great Britain should be considered our foes, too, and those who side with Germany and her allies should understand that they cannot plead "free speech" as an ex cuse. By the way, If E. A. Crewe believes that free speech etlll survives In the States let him tell a Philadelphia or New Tork "bobby" or policeman, eo and he will speedily be con vinced to the contrary. If Mr. Crewe was as sure as I am that only England's strong arm stands between us end the wrath of a certain transpacific nation he would, instead of pratine about "pro-German lines" or a miserable USD -000.000 worth of cotton lost or detained, thank Heaven that his country has euch a guide and mentor as john BULL. Palmyra, N J , July 28, J915. BEST IN ANY PAPER To the Bditor of the Evening Ledger: Sir I than yt for the neat dleplay you wade oj &atmajhs of the Welsh jirls I gave yew qb Wednesday of this week. Jt was the neate-t oianUy ei any Bauer in the city and the material was mora readable. JOHN T. B1CHARJM3, Divlaloa Secretary. V. M. o. A. Philadelphia, July M. HIS GREATEST PEAT r-rn tM 0MU la4Btf . A ceneeMMaoeM of tt Kew Ywk Sua wm a remarkable tribute of a negro peaafear to a wfcite preacher who had contented ta tiitmirr the bl&ok faratfeer's pulpit one Suwlay V mM: "0U noted divine u on at create! wan or da Af He kaowe unknowable, ta im dff the un4oble b kin eAmrew 4s onsnt t4l" THE "SERVANT" What a Woman Thinks of the America She States Its Elements and Suggests a Way Out. Pays Her Respects to the Sterner Sex. By COROLYN DULLEY THE question of hired girls is an extremely dangerous ono to tackle. For landing you swiftly and uncomfortably In personalities, It Is only equaled by the national pastime, "Discussing T. It." Indeed, It Is1 far moro opprcsslngly near than that great household duty. Somo peoplo declaro vehemently, "It lo all woman's fault," others blame It (or rather undofino It) on mon, whllo again tho naturo and habits of hired girls como in for a severe .drubbing. But everybody agrees that thero is some thing vitally wrong at prcBont Jn tho regime of housekeopors and housoworkors. Now that Is qulto hopcfulj bocauoo when you got everybody truly convInccd,that thcro is a wrong abroad in tho land, you havo dono ft considerable sllco of tho work toward getting It righted. Among other things, why expoct all women to bo either borr) or mado not only house keepers, but teachors of tho gontlo domestic arts as well? Supposo whon a man "gots himself a houso and gots a wlfo besldo," ho bo expected personally to Instal a plumbing system In his house, and keep it in ropair afterward. Tho Rcductlo Ad Plumber "I don't know anything nbout plumbing," says ho. "How can I fix up a plumbing system?" "Shocking!" retorts tho world (and his wlfo). "Eyory homo needs a plumbor. What woro your parents at when they reared you to years of discretion In Ignorance of man's Noblest ArtI Howovcr, If you can't do tho work yourself, and perhaps you can afford not to do It all, anyway, hero Is a nlco young map, a 'Moran' (ono of thoso products of our oocloty whoso montallty can novcr bo devolopod boyond tho point supposed to bo attained by all normal chlldron of tray 12 years), you can toach him to plumb." "Worso nnd moro of it!" cries tho dis tracted man. "How can I teach him, who Is In tho first placo untouchable, what I don't know myself?" "Thai is silly," ho Is told. "Tho subject must havo boon written up in books. You can find out all about It If you try." "Oh, well," says ho cheerily, being a young nnd hopeful husband. "No doubt wo can both learn it together in tho courso of time." "Courso of time, nothing!" rejoins his wlfo. "Can't you soo, my dear, that as wo' begin living In thl3 houso right away, now, this minute, you'vo got to get somo sort of do vlco going whilo you learn tho prop'er sys tem?" Tho world is nearly convinced, at last, that thcro will bo Just as many marriages, and moro of them happy ones, it girls marry bo causo thoy havo an activo dcslro to do so, and not simply becauao thcro does not seem to bo nnythlng clso for them to do, But it is perfectly Just criticism that, if wo want to rush about doing ovory sort of thing ex cept or,bosldo housekeeping, wo aro much to blamo for tho lack of system in tho house work proposition, for not organizing tho household arts and standardizing labor, as men havo dono in tho field of plumbing. I am morally certain that in tlmo we aro go ing to do all thoso things. Of course, that doesn't help tho situation for this year's crop of brides, who are sotting up house keeping now, this minute, and no doubt tho process Is going to cost tho world many masculine digestions and dispositions. But wo shall arrlvo. Don't forgot that wo aro a Big Social Problem, nnd Blg'Soclal Problems move slowly. Tho Eight-Hour Housemaid " Not that I mean to suggest, by tho way, taking tho organized plumbers as our pat tern of standardized labor. Just picture it: A young woman wnnders in leisurely about 10:30 in tho morning to do our housework, pokes nt tho dirty dishes, looks over tho dusty rooms, and finally announces that she cannot do any work on tho Job until after lunch, because she has to go back to tho office to got hor duster, soap and tea towels. Of course, sho couldn't guess what she had to do till she came to seo. No, sho can't stay to get lunch, because sho has left her union cook book at tho office, and sho isn't allowed THE AILING FARMER His Cure Was Not Effected Till Ho Bought An Automobile From the Indianapolis Nana. Farmer Hopkins had been ailing for coma time. He did his chores in the customary manner one expected of a Hopkins. He paid Just as much attention to the drove of hogs over in the pasture lot. He followed the plow Just as he had followed It for 5 years. He swore softly at times, mayhap, at the contrari ness of old Ben as he went down between the rows of corn, After the day's work was over he milked tho threo Jerseys and bedded down the horses In his old painstaking manner. But with all of his thoroughness there was an air of preoccupation. Tho clean white boards of the barn door on the Intldo were covered with rows and rows of figures His wife colm? down there on her dally egg-hunting expedi tions had noticed the figures and wondered what they meant. Could it be that after all their years of married Ufa her husband was engaged In somo transaction which he wished to hide from her, that he should do his figur ing on the barn door Instead: of at the oldv fashioned secretary In the living room? She ran back over his actlonu of the last few weeks. Sho remembered how he had grumbled at Nellie as they rode to town behind her. Surely he could not think of selling her? He had always boasted of the trim little mare's speed; how he compared her to a snail. The children had all married and moved away hiiu it bcvu'qu iu iud who mac no snouia he taking life easy Instead of raking up trouble for himself as he seemed to be doing, One evening when he had come back home from a drive to the town alone he seemed to be in a moro cheerfuj mood. He told his wife the children were away all year and only got back In the summer. To go see them meant a long ride to the pwji and then a longer ride on the train. Then ho adroitly shitted the conversation around to horoea. Feed was high. Horses needed shoes, they were liable to eleken and die. Tby must be fed whether they worked or not. They could not be driven hard in the hot sun. It always took a horse two Moure at the least to make tho 11 miles to town. At last the faithful wife was gettlne at the cause of her husband; preoccupation! Soon she would know what the real trouble wax Probably he wished to sell Nellie endt that 9 JO trotter he had beea looking over at the county fair w v 00 So so viom h mind if he bought an au. totuobllel They were so much cheaper now Ty mHA set around so muah mere qulakly ta vlstt their liee. and take their friends ildlog. eta,, 4 Injnllum la a half hour 'Mm. HpoMm wa ao extte4 that ab tntet Sa wa to took at a roa4 rami to see how thiv acting a catalogue tho next day and even hi wouU e to & JewU and the hby la two weotta ooe of the ataua had been torn out te M4 room lor Ow uu od iMiMd teak 4 been -ok lu tho frtmui itMtoui U. it J r Aos U i a,, 4Hvl5Jg IN THE HOUSE Greatest Domestic Problem ii i to cook out of any other. Eventually M comes back, works along steadily enough perhaps, hut can't possibly finish a day's work in threo or four hours. So na tho It o'clock whistle blows she departs, leaving & ungodly scattering of dishes in tho kltrh. ai itho drawing room furniture herded in the hall, and upstairs tho mattresses turned ovejj tho bottoms of tho beds to nlr, with instruct tlons to tho family not to try to uso the beds till sho gots back in tho morning to fix them! But let us go back to thnt "Moran." PraeJ tlcally tho only person who cnn bo persuaded' to becomo domestics for tho present-day f3 housawlfo are tho malm, tho halt, tho blind and the "Moran" In other words, persons who would bo Jolly unpopular anywhere else. In short, as things aro now, wo are up against plowing and sowing barren soil, against making bricks without strniy,' Women and girls who can get any olher remunerative employment under Heaven- oven clerking In our department store basetJi monts, which Is considerably under Heaven- won't do housoworlc. j Peoplo say that is becauso wo havo made'j nousowont now. won, wo protty nearly have, and wo need to mako 11 considerably moro attractive out i tion't think that is tho explanation. Waiting on tablo Js no worso than standing behind a counter In a ton-cent storo soiling asbestos matB and cur tain roas lor eigne nours every day. To watch tho family roast is not a more satanlo imposition on a girl than to havo her hang over a stovo in a factory all day, and fill Bmali tin boxes with soft, hot, brown stovsl polish. No, but call your domestics, your hired girls, by that fatal synonym "servants," and you havo tho wholo fundamental soclayl wiujih uuiuiu you in symDOl, Women Want "Sorvant3" No matter what somo pooplo may bo, tS? fact remains that what many men aft women havo had, and What as many morf hopo to buy with fresh-earned fortunos.js1 sorvants, not employes. To bo frank, they,', want an obscnulous croaturn nf thnlt- hM,ii wh030 subsorvlenco to tholr commands seuf thorn off as Important persons. And tho2 really Immoral part of It Is, they will put Upj with no end of lncompctcnco In a ''servant ,..-w ..., .w ,.,,.. ,,, b liufc una tuaa too strongly, becauso, you see, this survival of an ngo of rigid class distinction, beside being vlolontly undemocratic, in stiirmntMnw i A .... . . .. . . "'' certain iaDor in an ausuruiy arbitrary lash- Ion. When wo women can mako of tho neces sary work that Is to bo dono In our houses al standardized, respected profession, and ca give tho hired girl at least as elevated social position as the ton-cont storo clerk now en Joys, wo shall havo achloved moro comfort! nnd domestic happiness for ourselves and for? "tho working girl" (whoso determination to bo "tho working girl," not "tho lower class," Is tho most hopeful thing In modern society) than wo now produco through nny four dozen of tho charities to which wo dovote our sparo hours and dollars. - Wo women are not unllko the rest of man kind in that wo novor seem able to seo a fix coming until wo aro in it. Tho few rare ones who look nhcad can only howl in tho desert, llko all tho prophet mon. But, then, this domestic social moss wo aro in now will havo been entlroly worth whllo and, after all. It has not boon so verv terrible If In the 'end wo shall havo given tho hired girl her long-denied casto, and if, which Is equally, important, wo shall have mado it possible for, tho women who do not llko housework, arst not iittca or it ana can't possibly do suc cessful nt it, to go forth and do tho things ' they are fitted for. Don't suppose I advocate making tho hired girl "ono of tho family." I fancy sho herself, wouldn't bo tho last to object to that. Iin aglno a lawyer or an nrchltoct who expected all tho young men In his ofilcc. no matter how interested ho might bo In their personal woiraro and development, to becomo mem bers of ,hls family circlet No doubt In tho end women aro going to"jf emergo from all this not only liberated, but' Chastened SOUlS. Tn tlm m.nntlmn hnnv.r r' do we not llvo, love and dio pretty much as U4UUt f lesson Farmer Hnnklnn lmrnii th.t hr-, when a plow Is to be guided to the right pre- u. o um no cxenea on me loft Handle, wnen an auto Is to bo guided to tho right the steer-J, ing wheel must be turned to the rltrht. 3 - And gasoline isn't so hitch, after all. THE NATIONAA POINT OP VIEW1"? President Wilson has not been caught In th clumsy net spread for him by the Germans.-" uumreai jieraia. ,rt . T Who will venture to mediate between 3wl ACdams and tho Colonel oil the peace question? uyuuiiucia j.cpuoiican. If President Wilson Is not the mart to draw a Nobel peace prize by service in ending the war, Pope Benedict XV Is likely to be,-Nebra ka State Journal. If the Mexican guerrilla leaders haye dont nothlmr. nelth ho. r.i.i-.. a v. .! : . - ' '- ." ....ajwiigwu, mm cam f tne country Is more and more impatiently woH dertng what may be Mr. Wilson's Interpreta tion. the phrase "a, very short time," as sp plied to the Mexican situations-Detroit Fret Press. Say what you please of Roosevelt's "Jmpul slvcnees." "JInKOlflm" nnrt fh. Iltr. nnalltlCS whleh are misapplied to him. As a leader of mo iieop.e anu doer of things that ntti to be dope in the people's interest he is vrortU a million Bryans any day Colorado SprinM Vi.AJ.VltD. THE QHAPEL ON THE HILfc There is a church of Qod Upon a hillock nigh, Its pavement la the sod, Its vault the dreamy sky And there at fall of day My dear ones love to be. To hear the organ play And Jn the ebanoel see God lighting, one by one. tw eandlea, pure and bright. To guide Ills holy nun In safety through the nlrbt Harsuwa Htx4era. la Collier a Weakl H AMUSEMENTS B, F. KEITH'S THEATRM outtamnn amd Twaunit srREEra BIO mn-SVUMDK JUUIUSS' LILLIAN SHAW Fajneuj JU11 Feaatty tuyawnd tanc IwwU ft Calhoun QaHaglw 4 Muli lti GJNUtOMft Mjralsiloua Uliliuo- RAND Dooto 'r,"i v " isw s j. at v way afcfcanNid i j- 4 Jaaek. lfi ftw .. .1
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers