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PltlLADELPIIlA, MOMIAY, APItlt. 19, 191.1.
Tho spendthrift of time squanders life itself.
Removing the Schuylkill
THE final opening of th Pnssyunk nvenuo
bridge, 14 years ufler the awarding of the
first contrnct, was celebrated in a manner
fitting tho Importance of tho event. So far
as tho relations between south and south
western Philadelphia nro concerned the
brldgo removes tho Schuylkill Hlver nnd
achieves tho close connection between two
largo districts nt the city which they havo
long been awaiting. There nro vast tracts
of unoccupied land in both districts. In ono
Bcctlon It Is expected that largo factories
will bo built, nnd In the other, now acces
sible by way of tho bridge, thousands of
homes will bo erected for the accommoda
tion of tho workmen. Of course, now homes
will bo built in South Philadelphia also, but
there is not room thero for all tho people
who can bo employed in tho big manufac
turing plants to bo put up near tho great
transportation lines, on both banks of tho
river.
The pressing need of the wholo city is the
removal of all obstacles In tho way of freo
communication among its various parts.
Great arteries must connect the business
centre with tho outlying districts, and tho
bullying districts must bo brought within
easy access of one another, so that the mu
nicipality may becomo conscious that It is a
single unit of throbbing life. This consum
mation of tho desires of the forward-looking
citizens Is well on Its way, and when tho
now rapid transit system Is built tho whole
city will be benefited, as part of it has been
helped by tho opening of tho long-delayed
bridge.
Not Yet Time to Rejoice
UNCLE SAM has received $2,831,000 for tho
uso of tho Panama Canal slnco July 1.
"There!" say the Government-ownership
people, triumphantly. "Wo told you that tho
Government could make money operating
canals and railroads."
But, can It? Tho some report from Pan
ama which announces tho incoma also an
nounces tho outgo, and it lias cost about 10
per cent, moro than Undo Sam has taken
-ln to pay for operating and maintaining
the waterway In tho period covered by the
figures, with no allowance made for Interest,
tor sinking fund or for depreciation. Re
joicing over Panama Canal profits is prema
ture. But tho ports of tho United States aro
gambling to tho extent of $100,000,000 In Im
provements on the business to bo developed
througn. tho new route, and it is i.jt a "long
Bhot" at that.
Schoolmen as Statesmen
SAM McCALL, of Massachusetts he is
always "Sam" to his udmlrers who do
cllncd tho presidency of Dartmouth College
to devote himself to saving his country, took
pains at the Lotus Club dinner In New York
to remind tho nation that tho Republican
party has an actual college president who
could serve it In tho Presidency as well, if
not better, than tho former president of
Princeton is now serving it. Ho nominated
Nicholas Murray Butler, of Columbia, as tho
successor to Woodrow 'Wilson.
President Butler agrees with ex-Congressman
McCall that a man who has been at
the head of a great college has had training
that fits him to bo the head of a great na
tion. Andrew D. White, former president of
Cornell, and David Starr Jordan, chancellor
of Iceland Stanford, and Charles B. Van
lilac, of the University of Wisconsin, will
nil agreo with McCall. And every schoolman,
with any hankering after public life, stands
ready to maintain that if thero were moro
of his profession In public ofllca it would be
better for the country. And thero ore many
Pennsylvanlans who believe that If all the
schoolmen were llko Doctor Brumbaugh tho
country has made a mistake in not calling
on them oftener to servo It.
Dr. Dernburg's Peace Plans
THE letter which Doctor Dernburg sent to
Portland Is interesting only so far as It Is
an Informal reply to the peace terms which
have been outlined by the Allies. The French
Premier, a few days ago, announced that
France woula not lay down arms until It
had recovered Alsace and Lorraine, until
Belgium was onco more free and until Prus
sian militarism had been crushed. Russia Is
supposed to have views about the Balkan
district as well as about Belgium.
Doctor Dernburg replies that Belgium is
necessary to Germany, so that Germany may
have a front door opening on the sea. But
the real German front door Is Holland and
the mouth of the Rhine. German states
men for more than 75 years have looked
longingly at tho stretch of the Rhine that
extends from the Holland frontier to the
sea, and they have made more than one at
tempt to divert German shipping by canals
, from the Rhine to the smaller German rivers
Ja the north. Belgium, however, by the exi
gencies of war has taken the place of Hol
land In the German dream. As the alterna
tive to retaining possession of Belgium, Doc
tor Dernburg suggests that not only the
seas, but the narrow straits, be neutralized
ejuj made free to all nations. He doubtless
has in mind the narrow straits connecting
jhe Baltic with the North Sea. And he says
that If these straits could be kept open to
commerce Germany, which has no dream of
verld dominion, might be satisfied.
It 18 not necessary to inquire Into the
Merits of hi argument or Into the other sug
gestions which he makes, but it is Important
tfit all thoe who are watching the growth
at tit feeling that the war ha been ought
ivi)f n&ouaii sawild uaiieritaad tfco signm- J
aVjJllltJBjje
EVENING-
cance of the alternative suggestions for
peace mado by tho head of the German Pub
licity Bureau hero.
The Challenge of "Booze" to the Common
wealth fTlHIS week will loom largo In significance
-Hn the political history of Pennsylvania.
Tho Governor Is engaged In a mighty fight
to protect property Interests In this Com
monwealth, and at tho same tlmo to give the
people of tho several counties tho right, If
they desire, to drive out tho saloon.
His fight Is a fight for property Interests,
because if locnl option falls, out of Its car
cass will rlso prohibition, a propaganda
which la espoused with fanatical nrdor,
which takes no nolo of precedents or estab
lished customs, but Is Intent on utterly dis
rupting nnd exterminating ntl alcoholic fao
lories. It has nothing to do with temper
nncc. It works with tho scalpel and cuts tho
cancer out.
The Governor fights for property Interests,
because under local option thero will not bo
prohibition In tho largo cities, but chiefly In
tho rural district,' whercforo few liquor
manufacturing establishments will bo driven
out of business nnd their property confis
cated. Itn fights for property Interests be
cause he lights to dilvo tho liquor Industry
Into a position satisfactory to public opinion
wherever operative.
Tho liquor Interest Is Intent on cutting Its
own throat at Harrisburg by opposing local
option. The Governor Is endeavoring to lead
a great group of citizens out of madness Into
a clear vision of the situation.
"The saloons were the centres of nearly all
tho corruption in tho election nt Tcrro
Haute," said Judga Amleison, when sentenc
ing tho men who had pillaged Vigo County.
"My notion Is that the saloon will have to
go."
That is tho conclusion to which a great
majority of tho citizens of tho United States
are coming. Tho saloon In Its present form
must go. It must go becauso It has becomo
tho breeding place of political corruption. It
has not been content to ply Its trade. It has
reached Its tentacles Into tho penetralia of
government. It has debauched political load
ers and parties, governed cities and common
wealths. It has hatched conspiracy nftcr
conspiracy against good government and fer
tilized with strong drink tho elements on
which corruptlonlsts have depended to work
their will.
'.And nowhere has the saloon In such activi
ties been moro energetic than In Pennsyl
vania. It comes fresh from the triumph of
last fall; flushed with tho success it then
achioved, boastful and Insolent, nrrngnnt,
it endeavors to cover with Kb slush-funn
blanket a Governor who ns a candidate
steadfastly refused to havo anything to do
with It; but, on tho contrary, wns emphatic
in repudiation of it. Whatever other Re
publicans may feel and moro than ono of
them has openly acknowledged at Harris
burg a barter of voto and influence Mr.
Brumbaugh stands strtin-frce, nnd in his
hands ho holds, as no man In this State be
fore has held it, the future of the Republi
can party. t
Tho reasons why tho local option bill must
pass molt Into ono another. It Is a life-saver
to tho liquor interests,' which, many citizens
think, are entitled to a chanco to reform. It
ratifies tho American principle of local self
government. It minimizes the danger to
democratic institutions Involved In tho
saloon. It Faves the Republican party from
tho stigma of carrying out an Infamous
bargain, entered into by a few leaders nnd
constituting a conspiracy against the State.
Tho saloon must go. That does not mean
prohibition, but it docs mean new methods of
selling, and particularly separation of beer
sclllng from whlsky-selllng. It means nn
end of tho saloon In politics, and the end of
It altogether In communities that aro utterly
opposed to It; Its retention under different
conditions In communities that want It.
Moro important than anything else now Is
tho local option bill. History will bo mado
when tho vote Is taken Wednesday. A black
day it will bo for the Republican party and
the liquor interests, too, if tho bill goes down
to defeat and the conspiracy of barter la suc
cessful. Germany Is not much on tho water, but
below and above It well!
It Is reliably reported that a great many
Councllmen are going to San Francisco this
summer.
It may be said that every Mexican boy lias
about a hundred times ns good a chance of
being President as any American has.
King George, although ho Is abstaining
from alcoholic drinks, Is taking pains to pro
tect tho wines In his cellars from deterio
ration. The Impetus of the bigger Chamber of
Commerco movement Is bo great that It
seems likely to keep on going for several
months.
Wall street has a way of coming back that
reminds tho unfortunate of the performance
of a rubber band which breaks when it is
stretched too far.
Henry Ford Bays that ho does not want
any political ofllce. The trouble in this
'country is that it's generally the men who
haven't made good who do.
Either the court will have to decide In
favor of Mr. Roosevelt In the libel suit
brought by Mr, Barnes or tho recall of de.
cIbIoqs will be in for another talk boost.
After seeing New York's East Side, Huorta
remarked that he hadn't thought before that
Mexicans were so clean. Huerta will be get
ting in bad with our local opponents of good
bousing it he is not careful.
The most phenomenal student In Harvard's
Graduate School has announced that he will
never marry. "A pretty woman means noth
ing to me," he says. Now let Home one write
an way on the effect of higher education on
the marrying butUnct la men.
LEBGER - PHIUABI3UPHM, MONDAY, APRIL1 10, 1915?
COLONEL NELSON,
VOLCANIC EDITOR
Well Loved nnd Well Hated, na He
Wished to Be Ho Was One of
Kansas City's Greatest Distinc
tions. Ry JULIAN STREET
ny flpctol Arrangement with the Century Company.
COLONEL WILLIAM R. NELSOtN, for
many years editor of tho Kansas City
Star, who died last week, Is tho subject of
a chnptor in Julian Street's book, "Abroad
at Homo." Mr. Street visited Kansas City
for tho purposo of seeing tho Union Station
and Colonel Nelson, "ono ns big ns tho
other," and his characterization of tho edi
tor, written, of course, several weeks ago,
follows:
Colonel Nelson is a "character." Even If
ho hod not tho mind ho has, ho would bo n
"character," If only by vlrtuo of his appear
ance. I havo called hlni a volcano; he Is
moro llko ono than any other man I have
over met. Ho Is rven shaped llko one, being
mouulnliious In his proportions, nnd also
in tho way ho tnpcrH upward from his vast
waist to his snow-capped "peak." Further
more, hio fnco is lined, seamed and furrowed
In cxtrnordlnnry suggestion of those strange.
gnnrlod lava forms which ndoru tho slopes
nf Vesuvius. Even tho volco which pro
ceeds from tho Colonel's "crntor" Is Vesu
vlun; hoarse, deep, rumbling, sttong. When
ho speaks, groat natural forces seem to stir,
and you hopo that no eruption may occur
whllo you aro near, lest tho flro from tho
mountain descend upon you nnd destroy
you.
"Umph:" rumbled thr Volcano us It shook
hands with my companion nnd me. "Vou'ro
from New York? New York Is running tho
big gambling house nnd show hnuso for tho
country. It doesn't tako any moro Interest
In whero tho money cornea fiom than a
gambler cares whero you get tho money
you put into his game.
Kniisiins nnd the Rest
"Kansas Is tho greatest State In tho Union.
It thinks. It produrcs things. Among other
things, It produces crazy people. It Is a
great thing to havo a few crazy people
around! Roosevelt Is crazy. Umph! So
wcro the men who started tho Revolution
to break away from England.
"Most of the proplo In the United Stales
don't think. They aro Indifferent and npa
thctlc. They don't want to work. One of
our Star boys went to an agricultural col
logo to seo what was going on there. What
did he find out? Why, Instead of making
farmers they wcro making professors. Yes.
Pretty nearly tho entlro graduating class
went there to learn to teach farming. That's
not what we want. We want farmers."
Tho Colonel's enemies have tried, on vari
ous occasions, to "got" him, but without dis
tinguished success. The Colonel goes Into
a fight with Joy. Once, when ho was on tho
stand as a witness in a libel suit which hnd
been brought ngnimit his paper, a copy of
the editorial containing the alleged libel was
handed to him by tho nttorney for tho
prosecution,
"Colonel Nelson," said tho attorney,
menacingly, "did you wrlto this?"
"No, sir!" bristled tho Colonel, with np
parcnt regret at tho forced negation of his
answer, "but I faubscribe to every word
of It!"
Almost in Jail
Onco tho Colonel's enemies almost suc
ceeded in putting him in jail.
A Star reporter wrote a story illustra
ting tho practice of tho Jackson County Cir
cuit Court in refusing to permit a dlvorco
caso to bo dismissed by cither husband or
wlfo until the lawyers In tho caso had re
ceived their fees. Tho Star contended
that such practice, whero the couple had
mado up their quarrel, mado tho court, in
effect, a collection agency. Through a tech
nical error the story, as printed, seemed to
refer to tho Judge of ono division as tho
court when It .should havo applied to an
other. Tho Judge, who was, through this
error, apparently retorted to, seized tho op
portunity to issun a summons charging
Colonel Nelson with contempt of court.
Colonel Nelson, who had known nothing
of tho story until he read it In print, not
only went to the front for ills reporter, but
caused tho story to bo reprinted, with tho
added statement that It was truo and that
ho had been summoned on account of it.
When ho appeared in court tho Judge de
manded an apology. This tho Colonel ro
fuscd to give, but offered to prove tho story
true. Tho Judgo replied that tho truth of
tho story had nothing to do' with tho ense.
Ho permitted no evidence upon that sub
ject to bo introduced, but, drawing from his
pocket Homo typewritten sheets, proceeded
to read from them a sentenco condemning
tho Colonel to ono day In Jail. This sen-
PAST AND FUTURE OF RUTHENIA
By A HUNGARIAN
TIII3 Ukraine, nlso known as Ruthenla, la In
the southern part of Russia. It is Russia's
granary. Odessa is the principal city of the
Ukraine.
What may be termed as tho Ukralnlc move
ment, akin to a national crusade, has two spir
itual centres, one in Vienna, moved there be
cause Lemberg Is in tho bauds of the Russians,
and the other In Philadelphia. There are
1,000,000 Rutheninns in this country, whose
national aspirations for an Independent
Ruthenla are embodied In their resident Bishop,
6otor S. Ortynskl, whose sole churchly superior
Is the Pope In Rome.
While tho religious liberty of the Ruthenlan
is unfettered, his general welfare is In the
hands of tho reactionary Russian oligarchy.
In Uurope that is, Russia, Austria and the
surrounding States the.ro are 40,000,000 Ru
thenlans, with 200,000 more In Canada and
60,000 in Argentina. This great number of hu
man beings Is lacking In the capacity for self
government; certainly It has failed to wrest
Individual freedom from Russia. And yet,
according to so noted an authority as Dr.
Stefan RudnyckyJ, professor of geography at
the University of Lemberg, the Ruthenlans are
as dlstlnot a national entity as the Poles, Rus
sians, Czechs and Bulgarians.
As a matter of historic faet, the Ruthenlans
are an enslaved race within a conquering na
tion. Ruthenlan historians and researchers
assert that In former days there was a Ru
thenlan State, which the Mongolian, Jenghia
Khan, destroyed. The desolated land fell first
into the clutches of the Lithuanians and then
came under Polish suzerainty, Both conquer
ors were tQO weak to withstand Tartar Incur
slons, which covered a period of E00 years. '
A new Ukraine arose In 1618 under the lead
ership of Bohdan Chmelnyzkyjs, only to be an
nexed to Russia a comparatively short time
Utor. By the end of the 18th century the last
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tenco ho thon ordered tho sheriff to execute.
Howovor, beforo tho sheriff could do so, a
lawyer, representing tho Colonel, ran up
stnlrs nnd secured from tho Court of Ap
peals, In tho samo building, a writ of habeas
corpus on tho ground that tho decision of
tho lower Judgo had been prepared beforo
ho heard tho evidence. This tho latter ad
mitted. Thus tho Colonel wns saved from
Jail somewhat, It Is rumored, to Ills rcgrot.
Later tho caso was dismissed by tho Su
premo Court of Missouri.
An attorney rpprcscntlng tho gas com
pany, against which tho Stnr hnd been
waging war, called on tho Colonel ono day
to complain of injustices which ho claimed
tho company was suffering at tho hands of
the paper.
"Colonel Nelson," he said, "your young
men nro not fair to tho ga's company."
"Lot mo tell you," said tho Colonel, "that
If they were I'd flro them."
"Why, Colonel Nelson!" waid tho dismayed
attorney. "Do you mean to any that you
do not want to bo fair?"
"Yes, sir," said tho Colonel. "When has
your company been fair to Kansas City?
When you nro fair my young men will bo
fair."
Power of Negative Action
If there Is ono thing .ibout the Stnr moro
amazing than another, it Is pcrhnps the ef
fect It can produco by mere negative action
that Is, by ignoring Its enemies instead of
attacking them. In ono case, a ninn who
had mado most objectionablo nttacks on
Colonel Nelson personally wns treated to
such a course of discipline, with tho result,
I was Informed, that ho was utterly ruined.
Tho Star did not assail him. It simply
refused to accept advertising from him and
declined to mention his name or to refer to
his enterprises.
When tho victim of tills slugulnr reprisal
was writhing under it, a prominent citizen
called at Colonel Nelson's ofllco to plead
with the Colonel to "lot up."
"Colonel," ho protested, "you ought not to
keep after this man. It is ruining his busi
ness." "Keep after him?" repeated tho Colonel.
"I'm not keeping after him. For mo he
doesn't exist."
"That's Just tho trouble," urged tho media
tor. "Now, Colonel, you're getting to bo nn
old man. Wouldn't you bo happier when
you lay down at night if you could think
to yourself that thero wasn't a slnglo man In
Kansas City who was worse off becauso of
any action on your part?"
At that occurred a sudden eruption of the
old volcano.
"By God!" cried the Colonel, "I couldn't
sleep."
JOURNALIST
vestige of Ruthenlan independence had disap
peared. All that remained for tho Ruthenlans wero
her folk songs and her crude literature. It
must be said that In tho last M years decided
Bteps forward have been taken In this regard,
and that spiritual and elevating Influcnceo havo
gained the upper hand In a struggle against
Illiteracy and even slovenliness. And yet to
dayor, rather, when peace shall have come
again to Europe the Ukraine question will
be one of the most Important to be settled by
diplomatists. Bismarck realized the Importance
of Ruthenla as a buffer State to limit the fur
ther encroachments of Russia.
A decisive victory for Germany, Austria
Hungary and Turkey would, according to the
presumption of many Ruthenlans, fall to ma
terialize their dream)f nn Individual and au
tonomous State. The Ideal of the Ruthenlan
dreamer Is a nation bounded by ethnographic
lines; that Is, a land Including all the terri
tory Inhabited by Ruthenlans. Thus say the
Ruthenlans who are fighting on the aide o
Germany and Austria-Hungary against Russia.
They assert, and rightly, that the defeat and
weakening of Russia la a primary necessity
prior to the creation of a new Ruthenla. Of
course, they expect to Incorporate In this Utate
parts of Gallcla, Bukowina, and the northeast''
em part of Hungary,
The future of this Immense primitive peo
ple l bound up In the outcome of the great
war. Victory for the Teuton allies means a
complete metamorphosis for the Ukralnes. It
does not of a necessity follow that this race
of 40,000,000 will attain national Independence.
For there arises the natural question whether
the Ruthenlans are qualified for self-government.
A large part of the Ukraine is friendly
toward Russia proper. One thing- Is certain,
however the future of the Ruthenlans will
figure largely at the pea.ee conferences. ,
RIGHT; UNCLE WILL INVESTIGATE!"
..k iv. t.?r.t&TFk r
mtsmsemsmm'
(1) Century "Cabbages and Kings."
(2) Atlantic Monthly "Tho War and tho
Wny Out."
(3) New Republic "Tho Prosperous
War."
(4) Yalo Review "Tho Real Thing."
(fi) Forum "Tho War of tho European
Cultures."
ENGLAND TODAY
"TTlOlt IT'S English, doanchor-know" tho
JD phraso used to suggest such a variety
of pictures, from tho swagger young fop,
sucking his cano down Piccadilly, up tho
scalo to royalty, nnd down to tho other ex
treme, our comedy-slago notion of tho cock
ney, blltholy dropping his h'.s and hinging
coster songs, Today, however, these thoughts
aro almost forgotten and tho word English
suggests only a nation In the throes of war.
And then wo drift along lntu mild or sor
rowful or violent thoughtH, according ns wo
nro neutral or pro or anti-the-Alles.
Tho month's magazines present a compre
hensive picture of English lifo today, as tho
nation adapts herself to wartime conditions',
with ono or two glimpses from the past, as
In tho memoirs of H. R. II. tho Infanta
KuU:i,a of Spain, which aro appearing in
tho Century (1):
Spaniards nro simply incapable or under
htaudlng the English lovo of lifo In tho open
air. Moro than Hint, they aro Inclined to
look upon such tasto as rather ill-bred. For
instance, only tho humblest Spaniard would
dream of eating his cold lunch by tho road
side, and I nm suro that tho truo nrlstocrat
would novcr npprcclato tho charm of seeking
out somo pleturesn.no spot nnd having tea
from a tea basket. No Spanish lady of qual
ity would even allow herself to walk liatless
in her own garden, and reclining In a ham
mock or on tho grass would bo ruthlessly
banned. Ono Hummer day Queen Christina
rami) to me with a look of sheer consterna
tion on her face. "Eulalia," alio said. "I havo
Just seen an appalling sight nn English
woman lying on tho grass In the park-" Tho
culprit was a. lady-in-waltlng, who had been
brought to Spain by an English Princess
visiting tho court, I had homo difficulty In
convincing tho Queen Hint such an action
would not bo considered a shocking breach
of etiquette In England.
Ono tiling that used to delight mo was tho
Informality of tho English tea. It was In
variably served sans ccremonlo In tho draw
ing room. After tho servants had brought
t in they retired and left us to our own
devices. Neighbors frequently dropped In
without warning, nnd often as wo gathered
round a big blazing flro nnd nto those won
derful homc-mado delicacies unknown to
continentals, there was a charming feeling
of expanslvoncH.s and intlmaoy that wo
never hud at other times of the day- Of
lato years I havo noticed that tho custom
has changed. You find your placo act at
a tablo loaded with expensive flowers nnd
accessories from tho chla caterer; footmen
aro In constant attendance, nnd tho charm
of informality has entirely gone-
Asquith Speaks for England
Thero is oftlclal significance to Mr. As
qulth's htntcment, quoted by O. Lowes Dick
inson In tho Atlantlo Monthly (2). It is, to
bo sure, tho Btntcment of an ideal, toward
which, as Mr. Asquith points out, thero has
been little progress In tho last CO years, but
that ho should emphaslzo It Just now gives'
It both Interest and Importance-:
I should like, If I might for a moment,
beyond this inquiry Into causes and motives,
to ask your attention and that of my coun
trymen to tho end which In this war wo
ought to keep In viow. Forty-four years
ngo, at the time of the war of 1870, Mr.
Gladstone used these words. Ha snld: "Tho
greatest triumph of our time will bo the
enthronement of the Idea of public right as
tho governing idea of European politics."
Nearly 60 years havo passed. Little prog
ress, It seems, has yet been mado toward
that good nnd beneficent change, but It
seems to me to bo now at this moment as
good a definition as we can have of our
European policy.
The Idea of public right what does It
mean when translated Into concrete terms?
It means first and foremost tho clearing of
the ground by the definite repudiation of
mlllturlsm as tho governing factor In the
relation of States and of th,e future molding
of the European world. It means next that
room must be found and kept for the In
dependent existence and tho free develop
ment of the smaller nationalities each with
a corporate consciousness of Its own.
Belgium. Holland and Switzerland, the
Scandinavian countries, Greece and the Bal
kan States they must be recognized as
having exactly as good a title as their mora
powerful neighbors to a place in the sun.
And It means, finally, the substitution for
force of a European partnership, based on
the recognition of equal right and estab.
llshed and enforced by a common will. A
year ago that would have sounded like a
Utopian idea. It Is probably one that may
not or will not be realized elthej today or
tomorrow- If and when this war Is 4eclded
In favor of tho Allies, It will at once come
within tho range and before long wlthla
the grasp of European statesmanship.
I War always means first the eoldiew la the
BEST THOUGHT IN AMERICA
DIGEST OP THE MAGAZINES
trenches, and tho battlo and the wound,!
Rut It is tho people left behind, golni aboufl
incir prosaic round or dully duties, ah'
Walter Woyl describes In tho New Republic
tw:
England has mado tho transition from T
'"i1",1" " wur looung wun a minimum c!
suffering, Tho cost of living has rien lj
or 20 per cent., and the burden Is hem'
upon thoso who aro on flvivl x.iinri.. ..i
IhoHO whoso wages cannot bo Increased, hr
many cases, however, wages have ItttM
iiii.-H.Mi, mm m nu cases employment hasbn
moro steady. Two million men taken from!
industry at a tlmo whon tho demand forfS
iMiuiH, uioincs, guns anu snips is a maii-I
tnlim mnn.in ln nil ...111. I .. J . l , ...4f
..,...o inn,. (Li, wiiii uiuuairiat capacity
oven tho seml-employnblcs can get Jobi
If thoy want them. Tho sign "Boy Wanlel",
Ik almost as conspicuous In London as Ikit
other sign, "England expects every man to'
u" ins uuiy, i
Tho situation of working women Is moci
ocSl
worse. These Is no need for them In th
trenches, nnd tho Industries benefited by the
war havo not always been thoso In which'
womon nro predominant. There is still
much unemployment among women. In
ninny places women aro taking tho places of
men, though to a less extent than I believe
is mo caso in Franco nnd Germany.
With nil HmltntlnnH. Iinwnvor It la nn;
m
doubtcdly truo that on tho whole the maMMl
of tho British peoplo feel tho war but bIIeM-"!
ly. it is a prosperous war. The tobacconlit;
around tho corner from whom I buy ckH
rottcs, tells mo that business was never bet-X
tcr, and tlio grocer nnd tho butcher ana,
others tell mo much tho same story. Ta
real burden of tho wnr will come later after.
pcaco has been declared,
"Up Against tho Real Thing" )
Tho present mental attitude of the thoujht'
ful Englishman is well presented In an artlj
clo by I. P. Jacks in tho Yalo Review (0.
Mr. Jacks 1b professor of philosophy at Ox
ford, and edits tho Hlbbcrt Journal: t
"Wo aro up against tho real thing," TWi
Tnmlllnr colloquialism sums up uener ina
any other statement I can think of the who''
mentality of Great Britain at tho preMM
moment. It Is frequently used in solmerri
letters written from the front; I have hears
It in sermons nnd nolltical sneeches, In Cpn;
versations with working men on the carvB
and lit tho comments of (llstlnguisiieo piim
ncnnlinra T An nnt mnnn itnt tllrfi 1ft DSDlCt
WllllIIIV.IOl A J llUi. I11MH1 . ..-- -- - ,
for thero Is none. England is calm, reeorow
and prepnred. Her teeth nro set ana mj,
has braced herself to meet a tremenewj.
shock. And tho need so to brace herself MJ
ncted ns a stimulus to every faculty of Mr,
nniil Wn nr fonllnfr mnrn deODlV. thlDMWi
moro clearly, willing more vigorously ; tliJ
wo do In normal times. There Is exaltauoai
t tkf, nntlnnr.1 m 1 n 4 fir A fnn AVflfl HIV 1
truth In tho strango' remark recently nJjM
by Mr. Harold Begbio that r.nsmu rm
never happier than nlte is today. But dim
hind It all thero Is the sonso of a preMMjj
threat. jfl
Another professor. J. S. Schapiro, Ph. ?,
i, 1.11...1.. i i.a TtAnim (5) Qti
wuii-a tiiijjreuiuitvciy in nm ., - .-,
England's Individualism:
Tho Englishman Is an Inveterate IndlvUlB
ualiBt. During tho last uecauo '",(
developed among Englishmen an '",$
social reconstruction which differs from i".
Socialism of Karl Marx In matter " "i,
ns it docs from tho State PaMrllHB j
isismarci; in spun. 4.1111 m, . "-r&jm
1.1 io-morl iha TaW TnH 1 l ft linllsm. TW!Zm
society as nn organization comP"eai,iiSB
dlvlduals whoso economlo well-being "iM
be promoted by tho State. The latter -
longer a sort of rofereo that merely JTaM
ilin ul.-,.rrrrln nllH nrnivnn tllO VlCtOr W.Yj
Old Individualism. On the contjarftHJ
State Is Intensely interested in hj '"'SH
.1.- . (....I., iisolf in rejsv?.H
ing tho handicaps of those who nlwuHH
Bernard Shaw nnd it. " ,Ve"".JS biH
prophets of this now ideal, nioiw"",-,
trice Webb Its formulators. and !
George and Winston Churchill Its iSjffigsB
Tho enormous amount of social IeP5' dj
enacted In England during tne w -$
laiKCiy ntrii-u-uiiiiiuaiwvu - - ,,:--UJ
bureaucracy Is an eloquent tes7Vi,i1
niu nuciiijiii u WtO 1WM ' ., l -m
the rising generation of Englishmen.
WHAT THE CHIMNEY SANQ
Over the chimney the nlsht-wlnd mm?
. ., t ..j ,.i. nn hn Knew,
And the woman stopped, as her babe (W gj
Aim inougni or ine one duo .- - ,-,
Anil onl.l on tin., loanlrnnil haCK Sn6 XOiV"
"I hate the wind In thd chimney."
nt,.,.. ii.& .(limn.., nfirh t-ivlnd sanf
Anil Mmntori n nielndv no one knef, J
And the children said, as they closer or jB
" 'TIs some witch that is cteavlng t gM
night through, , v,,.. 1
TIs a fairy trumpet that Just t"? J?W
.Aim wo iflur wio viui; -
rii.a- ii.. nhi,n. it,, nli-lit-wlnd SSBC
And chanted a melody no one n7..i1a
And the man. as lie sat on his heartn f" M
Bald to himself, "It will surely now
And fuel Is dear and wages law.
And I'll atop the leak In the chlron'?-
Ov.i. th ntilmnov ih ntffht-Wlnd SSOt
And chanted a melody no one Sri!r:hi "'
But the poet listened and smiled, 'orlh?LlS
And said, "It Is God's own haWPn
This wind we hw In toe cUJ
I