. f WW 4. HTciiger PUtiLIG LEDGER COMPANY JSl?Ilt "il'SS'Won.Vlet-Pretldentj John C. Mortln B. KDlTOIUAt, DOAnDi Ctstts 11. K. Ctntu, Chairman. P- H WltALET .Ilxi-cutlve Editor jOHH C. MAntlN. .... , . .General Business Manager Published dally at r-tiBLio LrtxiM IlulMlne. IndepenJonco Square, Philadelphia. l.tixt CKSTStt. , Broad and Chestnut Streets ATtluttc Citr. ,,,.,, .....rrMs-tnlon nulldln Nbw York. .,,,,,, 170-A, Metropolitan Tower CijIcaco. ...... 817 Home Insurance ttullrlln- LOxnos .....t.t,,S Waterloo Place, Tall Mall, S. W. WmntNowi. TBaV.l?.U.fhe !. t.uiM.n NBWTona ncnKAD,.,t The TlmM llulldlnir nenUs tlrjRKAt) no Frle-lrlchiitraM J-osbom IHiKuo.it a Pall Mall i:aet, S. W. Plan Bcnntr... 33 Itue Louis le Urand sunscnirrio.v terms By. carrier. Dau.t ONtT. rx renin. Ily mall, pontnald rutalde of Philadelphia, ejtcepl where forelim roUe m rrquireci. uaii.t u.ni.t, one mnnin, iweniynve cents; DAitt Oni.t, one year, three dollar All mall sub. fccrlptlons payable In advance. BE t.t, 3000 WALMUT KEYSTONE, MAIN 3000 W7" Addrvs$ all communication) to Evening Ledger, Independence Rquarr, Philadelphia. knihed it Tin rntUDEt-rnu rosTorrici is second runs mail u att in. PltlLADELPIIlA, MOMIAY, APItlt. 19, 191.1. Tho spendthrift of time squanders life itself. Removing the Schuylkill THE final opening of th Pnssyunk nvenuo bridge, 14 years ufler the awarding of the first contrnct, was celebrated in a manner fitting tho Importance of tho event. So far as tho relations between south and south western Philadelphia nro concerned the brldgo removes tho Schuylkill Hlver nnd achieves tho close connection between two largo districts nt the city which they havo long been awaiting. There nro vast tracts of unoccupied land in both districts. In ono Bcctlon It Is expected that largo factories will bo built, nnd In the other, now acces sible by way of tho bridge, thousands of homes will bo erected for the accommoda tion of tho workmen. Of course, now homes will bo built in South Philadelphia also, but there is not room thero for all tho people who can bo employed in tho big manufac turing plants to bo put up near tho great transportation lines, on both banks of tho river. The pressing need of the wholo city is the removal of all obstacles In tho way of freo communication among its various parts. Great arteries must connect the business centre with tho outlying districts, and tho bullying districts must bo brought within easy access of one another, so that the mu nicipality may becomo conscious that It is a single unit of throbbing life. This consum mation of tho desires of the forward-looking citizens Is well on Its way, and when tho now rapid transit system Is built tho whole city will be benefited, as part of it has been helped by tho opening of tho long-delayed bridge. Not Yet Time to Rejoice UNCLE SAM has received $2,831,000 for tho uso of tho Panama Canal slnco July 1. "There!" say the Government-ownership people, triumphantly. "Wo told you that tho Government could make money operating canals and railroads." But, can It? Tho some report from Pan ama which announces tho incoma also an nounces tho outgo, and it lias cost about 10 per cent, moro than Undo Sam has taken -ln to pay for operating and maintaining the waterway In tho period covered by the figures, with no allowance made for Interest, tor sinking fund or for depreciation. Re joicing over Panama Canal profits is prema ture. But tho ports of tho United States aro gambling to tho extent of $100,000,000 In Im provements on the business to bo developed througn. tho new route, and it is i.jt a "long Bhot" at that. Schoolmen as Statesmen SAM McCALL, of Massachusetts he is always "Sam" to his udmlrers who do cllncd tho presidency of Dartmouth College to devote himself to saving his country, took pains at the Lotus Club dinner In New York to remind tho nation that tho Republican party has an actual college president who could serve it In tho Presidency as well, if not better, than tho former president of Princeton is now serving it. Ho nominated Nicholas Murray Butler, of Columbia, as tho successor to Woodrow 'Wilson. President Butler agrees with ex-Congressman McCall that a man who has been at the head of a great college has had training that fits him to bo the head of a great na tion. Andrew D. White, former president of Cornell, and David Starr Jordan, chancellor of Iceland Stanford, and Charles B. Van lilac, of the University of Wisconsin, will nil agreo with McCall. And every schoolman, with any hankering after public life, stands ready to maintain that if thero were moro of his profession In public ofllca it would be better for the country. And thero ore many Pennsylvanlans who believe that If all the schoolmen were llko Doctor Brumbaugh tho country has made a mistake in not calling on them oftener to servo It. Dr. Dernburg's Peace Plans THE letter which Doctor Dernburg sent to Portland Is interesting only so far as It Is an Informal reply to the peace terms which have been outlined by the Allies. The French Premier, a few days ago, announced that France woula not lay down arms until It had recovered Alsace and Lorraine, until Belgium was onco more free and until Prus sian militarism had been crushed. Russia Is supposed to have views about the Balkan district as well as about Belgium. Doctor Dernburg replies that Belgium is necessary to Germany, so that Germany may have a front door opening on the sea. But the real German front door Is Holland and the mouth of the Rhine. German states men for more than 75 years have looked longingly at tho stretch of the Rhine that extends from the Holland frontier to the sea, and they have made more than one at tempt to divert German shipping by canals , from the Rhine to the smaller German rivers Ja the north. Belgium, however, by the exi gencies of war has taken the place of Hol land In the German dream. As the alterna tive to retaining possession of Belgium, Doc tor Dernburg suggests that not only the seas, but the narrow straits, be neutralized ejuj made free to all nations. He doubtless has in mind the narrow straits connecting jhe Baltic with the North Sea. And he says that If these straits could be kept open to commerce Germany, which has no dream of verld dominion, might be satisfied. It 18 not necessary to inquire Into the Merits of hi argument or Into the other sug gestions which he makes, but it is Important tfit all thoe who are watching the growth at tit feeling that the war ha been ought ivi)f n&ouaii sawild uaiieritaad tfco signm- J aVjJllltJBjje EVENING- cance of the alternative suggestions for peace mado by tho head of the German Pub licity Bureau hero. The Challenge of "Booze" to the Common wealth fTlHIS week will loom largo In significance -Hn the political history of Pennsylvania. Tho Governor Is engaged In a mighty fight to protect property Interests In this Com monwealth, and at tho same tlmo to give the people of tho several counties tho right, If they desire, to drive out tho saloon. His fight Is a fight for property Interests, because if locnl option falls, out of Its car cass will rlso prohibition, a propaganda which la espoused with fanatical nrdor, which takes no nolo of precedents or estab lished customs, but Is Intent on utterly dis rupting nnd exterminating ntl alcoholic fao lories. It has nothing to do with temper nncc. It works with tho scalpel and cuts tho cancer out. The Governor fights for property Interests, because under local option thero will not bo prohibition In tho largo cities, but chiefly In tho rural district,' whercforo few liquor manufacturing establishments will bo driven out of business nnd their property confis cated. Itn fights for property Interests be cause he lights to dilvo tho liquor Industry Into a position satisfactory to public opinion wherever operative. Tho liquor Interest Is Intent on cutting Its own throat at Harrisburg by opposing local option. The Governor Is endeavoring to lead a great group of citizens out of madness Into a clear vision of the situation. "The saloons were the centres of nearly all tho corruption in tho election nt Tcrro Haute," said Judga Amleison, when sentenc ing tho men who had pillaged Vigo County. "My notion Is that the saloon will have to go." That is tho conclusion to which a great majority of tho citizens of tho United States are coming. Tho saloon In Its present form must go. It must go becauso It has becomo tho breeding place of political corruption. It has not been content to ply Its trade. It has reached Its tentacles Into tho penetralia of government. It has debauched political load ers and parties, governed cities and common wealths. It has hatched conspiracy nftcr conspiracy against good government and fer tilized with strong drink tho elements on which corruptlonlsts have depended to work their will. '.And nowhere has the saloon In such activi ties been moro energetic than In Pennsyl vania. It comes fresh from the triumph of last fall; flushed with tho success it then achioved, boastful and Insolent, nrrngnnt, it endeavors to cover with Kb slush-funn blanket a Governor who ns a candidate steadfastly refused to havo anything to do with It; but, on tho contrary, wns emphatic in repudiation of it. Whatever other Re publicans may feel and moro than ono of them has openly acknowledged at Harris burg a barter of voto and influence Mr. Brumbaugh stands strtin-frce, nnd in his hands ho holds, as no man In this State be fore has held it, the future of the Republi can party. t Tho reasons why tho local option bill must pass molt Into ono another. It Is a life-saver to tho liquor interests,' which, many citizens think, are entitled to a chanco to reform. It ratifies tho American principle of local self government. It minimizes the danger to democratic institutions Involved In tho saloon. It Faves the Republican party from tho stigma of carrying out an Infamous bargain, entered into by a few leaders nnd constituting a conspiracy against the State. Tho saloon must go. That does not mean prohibition, but it docs mean new methods of selling, and particularly separation of beer sclllng from whlsky-selllng. It means nn end of tho saloon In politics, and the end of It altogether In communities that aro utterly opposed to It; Its retention under different conditions In communities that want It. Moro important than anything else now Is tho local option bill. History will bo mado when tho vote Is taken Wednesday. A black day it will bo for the Republican party and the liquor interests, too, if tho bill goes down to defeat and the conspiracy of barter la suc cessful. Germany Is not much on tho water, but below and above It well! It Is reliably reported that a great many Councllmen are going to San Francisco this summer. It may be said that every Mexican boy lias about a hundred times ns good a chance of being President as any American has. King George, although ho Is abstaining from alcoholic drinks, Is taking pains to pro tect tho wines In his cellars from deterio ration. The Impetus of the bigger Chamber of Commerco movement Is bo great that It seems likely to keep on going for several months. Wall street has a way of coming back that reminds tho unfortunate of the performance of a rubber band which breaks when it is stretched too far. Henry Ford Bays that ho does not want any political ofllce. The trouble in this 'country is that it's generally the men who haven't made good who do. Either the court will have to decide In favor of Mr. Roosevelt In the libel suit brought by Mr, Barnes or tho recall of de. cIbIoqs will be in for another talk boost. After seeing New York's East Side, Huorta remarked that he hadn't thought before that Mexicans were so clean. Huerta will be get ting in bad with our local opponents of good bousing it he is not careful. The most phenomenal student In Harvard's Graduate School has announced that he will never marry. "A pretty woman means noth ing to me," he says. Now let Home one write an way on the effect of higher education on the marrying butUnct la men. LEBGER - PHIUABI3UPHM, MONDAY, APRIL1 10, 1915? COLONEL NELSON, VOLCANIC EDITOR Well Loved nnd Well Hated, na He Wished to Be Ho Was One of Kansas City's Greatest Distinc tions. Ry JULIAN STREET ny flpctol Arrangement with the Century Company. COLONEL WILLIAM R. NELSOtN, for many years editor of tho Kansas City Star, who died last week, Is tho subject of a chnptor in Julian Street's book, "Abroad at Homo." Mr. Street visited Kansas City for tho purposo of seeing tho Union Station and Colonel Nelson, "ono ns big ns tho other," and his characterization of tho edi tor, written, of course, several weeks ago, follows: Colonel Nelson is a "character." Even If ho hod not tho mind ho has, ho would bo n "character," If only by vlrtuo of his appear ance. I havo called hlni a volcano; he Is moro llko ono than any other man I have over met. Ho Is rven shaped llko one, being mouulnliious In his proportions, nnd also in tho way ho tnpcrH upward from his vast waist to his snow-capped "peak." Further more, hio fnco is lined, seamed and furrowed In cxtrnordlnnry suggestion of those strange. gnnrlod lava forms which ndoru tho slopes nf Vesuvius. Even tho volco which pro ceeds from tho Colonel's "crntor" Is Vesu vlun; hoarse, deep, rumbling, sttong. When ho speaks, groat natural forces seem to stir, and you hopo that no eruption may occur whllo you aro near, lest tho flro from tho mountain descend upon you nnd destroy you. "Umph:" rumbled thr Volcano us It shook hands with my companion nnd me. "Vou'ro from New York? New York Is running tho big gambling house nnd show hnuso for tho country. It doesn't tako any moro Interest In whero tho money cornea fiom than a gambler cares whero you get tho money you put into his game. Kniisiins nnd the Rest "Kansas Is tho greatest State In tho Union. It thinks. It produrcs things. Among other things, It produces crazy people. It Is a great thing to havo a few crazy people around! Roosevelt Is crazy. Umph! So wcro the men who started tho Revolution to break away from England. "Most of the proplo In the United Stales don't think. They aro Indifferent and npa thctlc. They don't want to work. One of our Star boys went to an agricultural col logo to seo what was going on there. What did he find out? Why, Instead of making farmers they wcro making professors. Yes. Pretty nearly tho entlro graduating class went there to learn to teach farming. That's not what we want. We want farmers." Tho Colonel's enemies have tried, on vari ous occasions, to "got" him, but without dis tinguished success. The Colonel goes Into a fight with Joy. Once, when ho was on tho stand as a witness in a libel suit which hnd been brought ngnimit his paper, a copy of the editorial containing the alleged libel was handed to him by tho nttorney for tho prosecution, "Colonel Nelson," said tho attorney, menacingly, "did you wrlto this?" "No, sir!" bristled tho Colonel, with np parcnt regret at tho forced negation of his answer, "but I faubscribe to every word of It!" Almost in Jail Onco tho Colonel's enemies almost suc ceeded in putting him in jail. A Star reporter wrote a story illustra ting tho practice of tho Jackson County Cir cuit Court in refusing to permit a dlvorco caso to bo dismissed by cither husband or wlfo until the lawyers In tho caso had re ceived their fees. Tho Star contended that such practice, whero the couple had mado up their quarrel, mado tho court, in effect, a collection agency. Through a tech nical error the story, as printed, seemed to refer to tho Judge of ono division as tho court when It .should havo applied to an other. Tho Judge, who was, through this error, apparently retorted to, seized tho op portunity to issun a summons charging Colonel Nelson with contempt of court. Colonel Nelson, who had known nothing of tho story until he read it In print, not only went to the front for ills reporter, but caused tho story to bo reprinted, with tho added statement that It was truo and that ho had been summoned on account of it. When ho appeared in court tho Judge de manded an apology. This tho Colonel ro fuscd to give, but offered to prove tho story true. Tho Judgo replied that tho truth of tho story had nothing to do' with tho ense. Ho permitted no evidence upon that sub ject to bo introduced, but, drawing from his pocket Homo typewritten sheets, proceeded to read from them a sentenco condemning tho Colonel to ono day In Jail. This sen- PAST AND FUTURE OF RUTHENIA By A HUNGARIAN TIII3 Ukraine, nlso known as Ruthenla, la In the southern part of Russia. It is Russia's granary. Odessa is the principal city of the Ukraine. What may be termed as tho Ukralnlc move ment, akin to a national crusade, has two spir itual centres, one in Vienna, moved there be cause Lemberg Is in tho bauds of the Russians, and the other In Philadelphia. There are 1,000,000 Rutheninns in this country, whose national aspirations for an Independent Ruthenla are embodied In their resident Bishop, 6otor S. Ortynskl, whose sole churchly superior Is the Pope In Rome. While tho religious liberty of the Ruthenlan is unfettered, his general welfare is In the hands of tho reactionary Russian oligarchy. In Uurope that is, Russia, Austria and the surrounding States the.ro are 40,000,000 Ru thenlans, with 200,000 more In Canada and 60,000 in Argentina. This great number of hu man beings Is lacking In the capacity for self government; certainly It has failed to wrest Individual freedom from Russia. And yet, according to so noted an authority as Dr. Stefan RudnyckyJ, professor of geography at the University of Lemberg, the Ruthenlans are as dlstlnot a national entity as the Poles, Rus sians, Czechs and Bulgarians. As a matter of historic faet, the Ruthenlans are an enslaved race within a conquering na tion. Ruthenlan historians and researchers assert that In former days there was a Ru thenlan State, which the Mongolian, Jenghia Khan, destroyed. The desolated land fell first into the clutches of the Lithuanians and then came under Polish suzerainty, Both conquer ors were tQO weak to withstand Tartar Incur slons, which covered a period of E00 years. ' A new Ukraine arose In 1618 under the lead ership of Bohdan Chmelnyzkyjs, only to be an nexed to Russia a comparatively short time Utor. By the end of the 18th century the last "OH, ALL j$Mumt.s$n4u,. mwm imm&m&Mm ittwsai sw;'yn-iiA.Jjr sffcTJHii&.tTO?wt:-,;f.,v.w vJSW.siiy 1 1 1 II I M k 1 1 'it (WfiJ SL 1 I I II i i K b Ibi as. JcT.fflmVsxi & ffimkMwMkmhxm& f 1 m m mm mm m Wwm iMmWi'Wm 1 tenco ho thon ordered tho sheriff to execute. Howovor, beforo tho sheriff could do so, a lawyer, representing tho Colonel, ran up stnlrs nnd secured from tho Court of Ap peals, In tho samo building, a writ of habeas corpus on tho ground that tho decision of tho lower Judgo had been prepared beforo ho heard tho evidence. This tho latter ad mitted. Thus tho Colonel wns saved from Jail somewhat, It Is rumored, to Ills rcgrot. Later tho caso was dismissed by tho Su premo Court of Missouri. An attorney rpprcscntlng tho gas com pany, against which tho Stnr hnd been waging war, called on tho Colonel ono day to complain of injustices which ho claimed tho company was suffering at tho hands of the paper. "Colonel Nelson," he said, "your young men nro not fair to tho ga's company." "Lot mo tell you," said tho Colonel, "that If they were I'd flro them." "Why, Colonel Nelson!" waid tho dismayed attorney. "Do you mean to any that you do not want to bo fair?" "Yes, sir," said tho Colonel. "When has your company been fair to Kansas City? When you nro fair my young men will bo fair." Power of Negative Action If there Is ono thing .ibout the Stnr moro amazing than another, it Is pcrhnps the ef fect It can produco by mere negative action that Is, by ignoring Its enemies instead of attacking them. In ono case, a ninn who had mado most objectionablo nttacks on Colonel Nelson personally wns treated to such a course of discipline, with tho result, I was Informed, that ho was utterly ruined. Tho Star did not assail him. It simply refused to accept advertising from him and declined to mention his name or to refer to his enterprises. When tho victim of tills slugulnr reprisal was writhing under it, a prominent citizen called at Colonel Nelson's ofllco to plead with the Colonel to "lot up." "Colonel," ho protested, "you ought not to keep after this man. It is ruining his busi ness." "Keep after him?" repeated tho Colonel. "I'm not keeping after him. For mo he doesn't exist." "That's Just tho trouble," urged tho media tor. "Now, Colonel, you're getting to bo nn old man. Wouldn't you bo happier when you lay down at night if you could think to yourself that thero wasn't a slnglo man In Kansas City who was worse off becauso of any action on your part?" At that occurred a sudden eruption of the old volcano. "By God!" cried the Colonel, "I couldn't sleep." JOURNALIST vestige of Ruthenlan independence had disap peared. All that remained for tho Ruthenlans wero her folk songs and her crude literature. It must be said that In tho last M years decided Bteps forward have been taken In this regard, and that spiritual and elevating Influcnceo havo gained the upper hand In a struggle against Illiteracy and even slovenliness. And yet to dayor, rather, when peace shall have come again to Europe the Ukraine question will be one of the most Important to be settled by diplomatists. Bismarck realized the Importance of Ruthenla as a buffer State to limit the fur ther encroachments of Russia. A decisive victory for Germany, Austria Hungary and Turkey would, according to the presumption of many Ruthenlans, fall to ma terialize their dream)f nn Individual and au tonomous State. The Ideal of the Ruthenlan dreamer Is a nation bounded by ethnographic lines; that Is, a land Including all the terri tory Inhabited by Ruthenlans. Thus say the Ruthenlans who are fighting on the aide o Germany and Austria-Hungary against Russia. They assert, and rightly, that the defeat and weakening of Russia la a primary necessity prior to the creation of a new Ruthenla. Of course, they expect to Incorporate In this Utate parts of Gallcla, Bukowina, and the northeast'' em part of Hungary, The future of this Immense primitive peo ple l bound up In the outcome of the great war. Victory for the Teuton allies means a complete metamorphosis for the Ukralnes. It does not of a necessity follow that this race of 40,000,000 will attain national Independence. For there arises the natural question whether the Ruthenlans are qualified for self-government. A large part of the Ukraine is friendly toward Russia proper. One thing- Is certain, however the future of the Ruthenlans will figure largely at the pea.ee conferences. , RIGHT; UNCLE WILL INVESTIGATE!" ..k iv. t.?r.t&TFk r mtsmsemsmm' (1) Century "Cabbages and Kings." (2) Atlantic Monthly "Tho War and tho Wny Out." (3) New Republic "Tho Prosperous War." (4) Yalo Review "Tho Real Thing." (fi) Forum "Tho War of tho European Cultures." ENGLAND TODAY "TTlOlt IT'S English, doanchor-know" tho JD phraso used to suggest such a variety of pictures, from tho swagger young fop, sucking his cano down Piccadilly, up tho scalo to royalty, nnd down to tho other ex treme, our comedy-slago notion of tho cock ney, blltholy dropping his h'.s and hinging coster songs, Today, however, these thoughts aro almost forgotten and tho word English suggests only a nation In the throes of war. And then wo drift along lntu mild or sor rowful or violent thoughtH, according ns wo nro neutral or pro or anti-the-Alles. Tho month's magazines present a compre hensive picture of English lifo today, as tho nation adapts herself to wartime conditions', with ono or two glimpses from the past, as In tho memoirs of H. R. II. tho Infanta KuU:i,a of Spain, which aro appearing in tho Century (1): Spaniards nro simply incapable or under htaudlng the English lovo of lifo In tho open air. Moro than Hint, they aro Inclined to look upon such tasto as rather ill-bred. For instance, only tho humblest Spaniard would dream of eating his cold lunch by tho road side, and I nm suro that tho truo nrlstocrat would novcr npprcclato tho charm of seeking out somo pleturesn.no spot nnd having tea from a tea basket. No Spanish lady of qual ity would even allow herself to walk liatless in her own garden, and reclining In a ham mock or on tho grass would bo ruthlessly banned. Ono Hummer day Queen Christina rami) to me with a look of sheer consterna tion on her face. "Eulalia," alio said. "I havo Just seen an appalling sight nn English woman lying on tho grass In the park-" Tho culprit was a. lady-in-waltlng, who had been brought to Spain by an English Princess visiting tho court, I had homo difficulty In convincing tho Queen Hint such an action would not bo considered a shocking breach of etiquette In England. Ono tiling that used to delight mo was tho Informality of tho English tea. It was In variably served sans ccremonlo In tho draw ing room. After tho servants had brought t in they retired and left us to our own devices. Neighbors frequently dropped In without warning, nnd often as wo gathered round a big blazing flro nnd nto those won derful homc-mado delicacies unknown to continentals, there was a charming feeling of expanslvoncH.s and intlmaoy that wo never hud at other times of the day- Of lato years I havo noticed that tho custom has changed. You find your placo act at a tablo loaded with expensive flowers nnd accessories from tho chla caterer; footmen aro In constant attendance, nnd tho charm of informality has entirely gone- Asquith Speaks for England Thero is oftlclal significance to Mr. As qulth's htntcment, quoted by O. Lowes Dick inson In tho Atlantlo Monthly (2). It is, to bo sure, tho Btntcment of an ideal, toward which, as Mr. Asquith points out, thero has been little progress In tho last CO years, but that ho should emphaslzo It Just now gives' It both Interest and Importance-: I should like, If I might for a moment, beyond this inquiry Into causes and motives, to ask your attention and that of my coun trymen to tho end which In this war wo ought to keep In viow. Forty-four years ngo, at the time of the war of 1870, Mr. Gladstone used these words. Ha snld: "Tho greatest triumph of our time will bo the enthronement of the Idea of public right as tho governing idea of European politics." Nearly 60 years havo passed. Little prog ress, It seems, has yet been mado toward that good nnd beneficent change, but It seems to me to bo now at this moment as good a definition as we can have of our European policy. The Idea of public right what does It mean when translated Into concrete terms? It means first and foremost tho clearing of the ground by the definite repudiation of mlllturlsm as tho governing factor In the relation of States and of th,e future molding of the European world. It means next that room must be found and kept for the In dependent existence and tho free develop ment of the smaller nationalities each with a corporate consciousness of Its own. Belgium. Holland and Switzerland, the Scandinavian countries, Greece and the Bal kan States they must be recognized as having exactly as good a title as their mora powerful neighbors to a place in the sun. And It means, finally, the substitution for force of a European partnership, based on the recognition of equal right and estab. llshed and enforced by a common will. A year ago that would have sounded like a Utopian idea. It Is probably one that may not or will not be realized elthej today or tomorrow- If and when this war Is 4eclded In favor of tho Allies, It will at once come within tho range and before long wlthla the grasp of European statesmanship. I War always means first the eoldiew la the BEST THOUGHT IN AMERICA DIGEST OP THE MAGAZINES trenches, and tho battlo and the wound,! Rut It is tho people left behind, golni aboufl incir prosaic round or dully duties, ah' Walter Woyl describes In tho New Republic tw: England has mado tho transition from T '"i1",1" " wur looung wun a minimum c! suffering, Tho cost of living has rien lj or 20 per cent., and the burden Is hem' upon thoso who aro on flvivl x.iinri.. ..i IhoHO whoso wages cannot bo Increased, hr many cases, however, wages have ItttM iiii.-H.Mi, mm m nu cases employment hasbn moro steady. Two million men taken from! industry at a tlmo whon tho demand forfS iMiuiH, uioincs, guns anu snips is a maii-I tnlim mnn.in ln nil ...111. I .. J . l , ...4f ..,...o inn,. (Li, wiiii uiuuairiat capacity oven tho seml-employnblcs can get Jobi If thoy want them. Tho sign "Boy Wanlel", Ik almost as conspicuous In London as Ikit other sign, "England expects every man to' u" ins uuiy, i Tho situation of working women Is moci ocSl worse. These Is no need for them In th trenches, nnd tho Industries benefited by the war havo not always been thoso In which' womon nro predominant. There is still much unemployment among women. In ninny places women aro taking tho places of men, though to a less extent than I believe is mo caso in Franco nnd Germany. With nil HmltntlnnH. Iinwnvor It la nn; m doubtcdly truo that on tho whole the maMMl of tho British peoplo feel tho war but bIIeM-"! ly. it is a prosperous war. The tobacconlit; around tho corner from whom I buy ckH rottcs, tells mo that business was never bet-X tcr, and tlio grocer nnd tho butcher ana, others tell mo much tho same story. Ta real burden of tho wnr will come later after. pcaco has been declared, "Up Against tho Real Thing" ) Tho present mental attitude of the thoujht' ful Englishman is well presented In an artlj clo by I. P. Jacks in tho Yalo Review (0. Mr. Jacks 1b professor of philosophy at Ox ford, and edits tho Hlbbcrt Journal: t "Wo aro up against tho real thing," TWi Tnmlllnr colloquialism sums up uener ina any other statement I can think of the who'' mentality of Great Britain at tho preMM moment. It Is frequently used in solmerri letters written from the front; I have hears It in sermons nnd nolltical sneeches, In Cpn; versations with working men on the carvB and lit tho comments of (llstlnguisiieo piim ncnnlinra T An nnt mnnn itnt tllrfi 1ft DSDlCt WllllIIIV.IOl A J llUi. I11MH1 . ..-- -- - , for thero Is none. England is calm, reeorow and prepnred. Her teeth nro set ana mj, has braced herself to meet a tremenewj. shock. And tho need so to brace herself MJ ncted ns a stimulus to every faculty of Mr, nniil Wn nr fonllnfr mnrn deODlV. thlDMWi moro clearly, willing more vigorously ; tliJ wo do In normal times. There Is exaltauoai t tkf, nntlnnr.1 m 1 n 4 fir A fnn AVflfl HIV 1 truth In tho strango' remark recently nJjM by Mr. Harold Begbio that r.nsmu rm never happier than nlte is today. But dim hind It all thero Is the sonso of a preMMjj threat. jfl Another professor. J. S. Schapiro, Ph. ?, i, 1.11...1.. i i.a TtAnim (5) Qti wuii-a tiiijjreuiuitvciy in nm ., - .-, England's Individualism: Tho Englishman Is an Inveterate IndlvUlB ualiBt. During tho last uecauo '",( developed among Englishmen an '",$ social reconstruction which differs from i". Socialism of Karl Marx In matter " "i, ns it docs from tho State PaMrllHB j isismarci; in spun. 4.1111 m, . "-r&jm 1.1 io-morl iha TaW TnH 1 l ft linllsm. TW!Zm society as nn organization comP"eai,iiSB dlvlduals whoso economlo well-being "iM be promoted by tho State. The latter - longer a sort of rofereo that merely JTaM ilin ul.-,.rrrrln nllH nrnivnn tllO VlCtOr W.Yj Old Individualism. On the contjarftHJ State Is Intensely interested in hj '"'SH .1.- . (....I., iisolf in rejsv?.H ing tho handicaps of those who nlwuHH Bernard Shaw nnd it. " ,Ve"".JS biH prophets of this now ideal, nioiw"",-, trice Webb Its formulators. and ! George and Winston Churchill Its iSjffigsB Tho enormous amount of social IeP5' dj enacted In England during tne w -$ laiKCiy ntrii-u-uiiiiiuaiwvu - - ,,:--UJ bureaucracy Is an eloquent tes7Vi,i1 niu nuciiijiii u WtO 1WM ' ., l -m the rising generation of Englishmen. WHAT THE CHIMNEY SANQ Over the chimney the nlsht-wlnd mm? . ., t ..j ,.i. nn hn Knew, And the woman stopped, as her babe (W gj Aim inougni or ine one duo .- - ,-, Anil onl.l on tin., loanlrnnil haCK Sn6 XOiV" "I hate the wind In thd chimney." nt,.,.. ii.& .(limn.., nfirh t-ivlnd sanf Anil Mmntori n nielndv no one knef, J And the children said, as they closer or jB " 'TIs some witch that is cteavlng t gM night through, , v,,.. 1 TIs a fairy trumpet that Just t"? J?W .Aim wo iflur wio viui; - rii.a- ii.. nhi,n. it,, nli-lit-wlnd SSBC And chanted a melody no one n7..i1a And the man. as lie sat on his heartn f" M Bald to himself, "It will surely now And fuel Is dear and wages law. And I'll atop the leak In the chlron'?- Ov.i. th ntilmnov ih ntffht-Wlnd SSOt And chanted a melody no one Sri!r:hi "' But the poet listened and smiled, 'orlh?LlS And said, "It Is God's own haWPn This wind we hw In toe cUJ I
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers