EVENING LIUDGEB PHILADELPHIA. THtTBBDAY, tf EBB START
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PHILADELPHIA, TIltlltSUAY, lEuntlAUV 10, 1915.
That man h o good general who can
compiand himself.
San Francisco Is Ready for Her Guests
GUESTS from all parts of tho world tire
arriving In San Francisco on every train
In order to bo presettt at tlio formal opening
of tlio Panania-t'aclllc Fair nest Saturday.
Tho event Itself promises to bo a most
noteworthy ceremony. Foreign delegates nro
already present In sufllclcnt numbers to In
Ruro the success of tho brilliant parado of
200,000 visitors to tho grounds. Franklin K.
Lane, tho Secretary of tho Interior, -will rep
resent tho President In tho ceremonies, but
Mr. "Wilson himself will prosa tho button
In Washington which will start tho ma
chinery in motion.
This exhibition Is ono of tho most elaborate
ever planned. Tho men In charge have suc
ceeded In completing all tlfo great structures
which are to houso tho exhibits, and llttlo
remains to be dono by private concession
aires. It might havo been n different exhibi
tion If war in Europe had not lntorfcred
with tho plans of somo of the foreign nations,
but tho world Is so big and Its interests aro
so varied that not even a continent In arms
can prevent tho arrangement of a Splendid
Industrial show.
And tho managers of tho fair liavo gono
ahead with their plans confident that the
flood of travel this yenr will bo westward
and not eastward. Tho Americans who
usually spend tho summer in Europe will go
west this year and learn something of their
own country. Thoy will doubtless find their
Imagination stirred by tho vision of tho Far
East which will confront them as they look
through the Golden Gate, and tho vast Hold
for American energy and enterprise which
there spreads Itself out. And they will also
see in imagination tho Panama Canal filled
with tho shipping of tho world bound for
American ports on tho coast of both oceans.
Every Easterner who can get so far from
home this summer should make tho educa
tional trip across tho continent.
Champ Clark at tho Chariot Wheel
CHAMP CLARK deserves more from tho
White Houso than tho Whfto House de
serves from tho Missourian. Ho haa boon
co-operating with tho President in tho work
of Jamming tho shlp-purchaso bill through
the House, and has dono his work so effec
tively that tho comproralso bill was sent to
tho Scnato on schedules time.
The submission of tho Speaker to the Pres
ident illustrates once more tho remarkable
driving power of Woodrow Wilson. There
13 something about that sharp face with its
lean Jaws which Beems to hypnotize opposi
tion within his own party, and to compel
full grown men to surrender not only their
Wills but their Intelligence to tho Judgmont
and the direction of tho mind which Is dom
inating everything in Washington nowadays.
Mr. Clark has already been selected by tho
party caucus to succeed himself in the
Speaker's chair In tho next Congress, so that
all arrangements aro mado for a continuance
of tho pleasant custom of delaying action at
one end of Pennsylvania avenuo until orders
aro received from tho other end.
Not the Way to Allay Industrial Unrest
AS THE days go by the publio is acquiring
.sufficient knowledge of tho intellectual
temper of Frank p. Walsh, chairman of the
United States Commission on Industrial Re
lations, to enable it to give duo weight to
the report of tho commission when It
appears,
Mr. WolSh haa mado several publio ad
dresses this winter in which ho has advo
cated tho wildest form of Socialism, and he
was credited on Tuesday with charging John
D. Rockefeller, Jr., with making statements
at the hearing In New Tork, which, on
Wednesday Mr, Rockefeller spoclflcally de
nied. Mr. Rockefeller not only says that he
did not testify that the funds of tho Rocke
feller Foundation could bo used for strike
breaking, but that no question leading to
such an answer was put to him.
Of course, the newspapers may have mis
quoted Mr. Walsh, but that gentleman has
mado so many rash statements' that the pre
sumption Is in favor of tho accuracy of tho
reported interview with him. If he can
quote the atenographlo report of the hear
ing' to substantiate his remarks intended to
inflame the labor organizations of the coun
try'agalnst the Rockefeller Foundation, he
will escape unanimous eleotlon to the
Ananias Club. We know what htrf personal
opinions are. It is desirable to know now
whether he is capable of meeting an issue
squarely when It la put up to him.
Do the Printers Want This Law?
WyiW the contract for printing the May
or's message was awarded last year to
' printers outside, of the State it was not be
came the city administration was opposed
t-9 jfciviBg work to local printers. Every pub.
Ub pfttcer la interested in providing work for
the people, who elected him. But if he U
faithful to his trust he is opposed to robbing
tha majority for the benefit of a few.
TJie proposition to forbid any publio offi
cial to award printing contracts, outside of
tk Stats and to forbid any one but residents
of tba State to work on public, printing is
umwtlvorf in a narrow spirit of rovenge. The
1UwM Wr$ Interfiled in the conservation
of it UmJ 'tiB in fostering any local print
ttt mux - to Harrlsburg or la Fhiladel
i uS wUj.1 woa be the effect of pro
i i-ribtera iH.ng in Caffldett from earn-
t i s ntie' We might as welt poo a.
i ..; ,$ an eitlatta ef .New Jry
from doing business in this city as to handi
cap all employing printers hero by making
it a misdemeanor for them to uso expert
workmen on public documonts who have
found the living conditions across tho Dela
ware bo favorable that they havo bought
homes there.
If Pennsylvania Job printers cannot com
pote with printers anywhero thoy ought not
to confess it by Rooking to build a wall
around the Ota to to protect themselves.
Tho German Right to Use Submarines
GERMANY has reached tho point where
sho "no longor has sufficient food to feed
her people," according to Admiral Behncko.
Tho ships of tho Allies' liavo drawn n, ring
about hor, which presses harder and harder
upon her vitality. Tho futility and clangor
ot sensational falds Blmllar to that at Bear
borough havo been demonstrated. Tho In
feriority of tho German battlo fleet renders
ImpoBsIblo tho keeping open to gcncrnl trndo
of oven ono port Thero remains to tho Kai
ser, therefore but ono resource, and that Is
tho employment of submarines in the difficult
and hazardous enterprise of cutting England
off from hor supplies, thus striking at tho
heart ot tho Allies, and exposing them in
somo wlso to tho weakening process which,
in tho caso of tho Fatherland, after six
months, threatens to sap Its vigor and de
moralize Its land forces.
Thero can bo no Just complaint that Ger
many should utltlzo to tho fullest its subma
rlno power. It Is ldlo to attempt to limit a
nation to a procedure formulated beforo sub
marines woro practicable) and based on con
ditions which modern Invention has entirely
overturned. No nation, fighting for Its ex
istence, whether in tho right or wrong, would
fall to employ Its full resources In tho
conflict. Should a British submarlno, for
Instance, alone stand to prevent the delivery
of n cargo of copper to Germany, it would
sink tho ship bearing that cargo. Tho exi
gency of tho caso would require it. So the
use of Gorman submarines to lrfolate Eng
land is defensible. It is part of England's
task to meet thla now implement of naval
warfare and cheokmato it. Control of tho
oeoa means real control of the boos, not con
trol by teohnical interpretation of Vague law.
It was not fair combat when tho armorod
Mcrrimao fought wooden ships, but nono
questioned tho right of the Confederacy to
uso tho Merrlmac. When projudlco haa
cooled It is likely that tho omploymont of
submarines by Germany to torrorize and de
stroy British merchantmen will be accepted
ns a legitimate and defensible war measure.
But tho wanton destruction of neutral Bhlps
is another matter. Thlri Government docs
not recognize tho right of any belligerents to
monopolizo tho seven seas and Interrupt all
commerco thereon. Tho oceans belong to all
nations alike. No one Power can fonce them
into zones and warn .U others out. Wo
havo rights to bo maintained and privileges
to bo conserved. Tho protection of our citi
zens and our ships Is ono of tho Government's
first duties. It has notified Borlln of our
vlow and purpose. Of what advantage will
it bo to the Kaiser to violate a single Ameri
can ship, If ho thereby forfeits absolutely any
chance of obtaining from tho ono possible
source of supply any goods whatovor? To
arouse the hostility of this nation would be
to render tho British blockado absolutely
effective, though not a British ship stood off
tho German coast. It would bo to assure
success for tho Allies and overwhelming de
feat for Germnny. There must be soma
sound counsel left In Berlin. It there is, not
ono American vessel will bo sunk wantonly
by German submarines.
Prosperity In a Circle
SECRETARY OF LABOR WILSON has a
plan for wiping out unemployment. "Put
thn inhlp.q.q to work." ho says, "on land
reclamation. Government buildings and river
and harbor Improvements. Let Federal,
State and municipal authorities do tho same,
and thero will be work all the year round
for those who want it."
Goodl It is a splendid time for tho be
ginning of great publio enterprises that
would be undertaken anyhow. But this Idea
of a paternal Government that will always
furnish work and wages for tho peoplo Is
decidedly awkward. No peoplo over got rich
by taking money out of ono pocket and put
ting it into another. Thero can never bo any
permanent prosperity achieved by piling on
taxes for the purpose of doling them back
to the people as wages. That, nevertheless,
is the principle on which .many of our states
men base their conclusions. They aro con
vinced that business is something to be
whacked and government something to bo
fed with pap.
The sooner Washington understands that
there will always be unemployment unless
business Is encouraged Instead of discour
aged tho sooner the country will be back on
a bread-and-butter Instead of a soup diet.
Death Made In America
AMERICANS must take a curiously uncer
. tain satisfaction in the report from Ger
many that the American shells used by tho
French armies are superior to the shells of
French manufacture. Four out of every flvo
wounds inflicted in a certain area were by
American-made shells, and the Germans re
port that 80 per cent, of the American sheila
exploded, while only 9 per cent, of those
made in France did the worlc expected of
them.
While we are selling death-dealing ma
chinery wholesale, it la some satisfaction to
our manufacturers, as Mephlstopheles would
say, to know that the goods aro np to speoi
flcatlons. Beauty used to be skin deep until art got
busy.
Marine life on tha English Channel seems
to be lust one submarine after another.
It Is a little annoying, too, to havo Phtla-
delphl&'a next Mayor chosen in Florida. The
law saya he should be selected in Philadelphia.
The compensation law in Massachusetts
has proved to be a great success. Bo will
the one to be enacted in Pennsylvania, If It
la not butchered.
Bo far aa South Carolina la concerned, the
penitentiary is Oiling up again. Many of the
pardoned convicts could not get rid of their
habit of facing juries.
There la some reason to believe that local
option will not tako up much of the time of
Senators Vara and McNlchol during tha Flor
ida trip. There are so many things to be
disposed of.
r"" ' ' ' w
Every naval facer's heart the world over
goes out to the captain of the Bluecher, who
ha Just died In Edinburgh from pneumonia
Induced by exposure following the destruc
tion of bis phip by the British. Thla Ger
man officer would have preferred to so down
1Mb, bl vest
PROFESSOR TAFT
FOR PRESIDENT?
Ho Isn't a Candidate Yet, But Thcro's
Talk of Getting Him Back Into
Politics It is Hinted That Mr.
Wilson Has Cause to Worry.
By J. 0. HEMPHILL
WILL Mr. Taft bo tlio candldato of the
Republican party for Presfdcnt next
year? Not if Colonel Roosovclt can help it',
but thero Is no doubt that tho regulars are
warming up to tho professor, and that there
Is serious talk ntuong sertous-mlndod men of
bringing him back into politics. Mr. Taft is
in no sense behind tho movement. Ho has
had enough. Ho Is quite hnppy in his pres
ent employments, and Is ebntent to rest hie
reputation for eminent publio service faith
fully performed upon tho record. He needs
no "vindication" -this being the keynote of
tho campaign upon which tho promoters, It
Is said, Intend to work out tholr plans; and
thero will havo to bo some bettor plea than
this to obtain his consent, Ho Is not a. can
didate. Ho has no wish to get back on the
firing lino. Ho will talk about men In tho
Republican ranks who havo been suggested
as nvallablo candidates, Hughes and Burton
and Hcrrlck and Whitman and Borah, for
all of whom ho has respect, and express his
views freely ns to their respcctlvo strength
and qualifications; but ho is absorbed in his
present work, and will say frankly that ho la
not hunting for trouble Tlioro is no doubt,
howovor, that thero aro sovoral million Re
publican voters who aro sorry that they did
not voto for him In 1912, and the fnrther
they go tho sorrier they got.
Tho Democratic candldato next year will
bo Woodrow Wilson. Thero is no other Dem
ocrat In sight, and tho crowd who likes a fight
would rojolco to seo Wilson and Taft pitted
against each other on "a free field and no
favors." Mr. Rooscvolt defeated Mr. Taft in
1912, If he would go to South America or
Mexico now and stay thero until after tho
campaign and election next year he might
mako himself avallablo for 1820; but nobody
believes that ho could mako It this tlmo.
Taft's Record of Accomplishment
Mr. Taft need not worry. In his retire
ment from public olllco ho has Impressed tho
wholo jountry by hlo manly conduct. As I
said In an nrtlclo contributed to, Harper's
Weekly when the fight was on in tho Repub
lican party threo years ngo: "Strength,
courago, decency, respect for law and order,
sanity, havo been tho distinguishing marks
of his great administration. Ho has vio
lated no personal confidences, he has sought
no unfair advantages, ho has not trimmed
his sails to catch any shifty wind that has
blown; ho has kept his head In all tho storm
of lies that has beaten about him, soreno in
tho consciousness of having dono his best."
Peoplo aro beginning to talk about what
Taft did when ho was President, and in view
of tho movement to bring him back into ac
tive politics it will bo Interesting to noto a
few of tho things accomplished when ho was
In tho Whito Houso:
Tho conviction of the Sugar Trust.
Tho dissolution of the Standard Oil and
Tobacco Trusts.
Tho Indictment of tho Whisky, Lumber and
Beef Trusts.
The building of tho Panama Canal.
Tho reorganization of tho business of the
country at tho custom houses and tho re
covery of millions of dollars of unpaid duties.
Tho establishment of a Bureau of Mines
for tho protection of thoso engaged In peril
ous work.
Tho adoption by tho railroads of safety ap
pliances for tho benefit of the men engaged
In this dangerous calling.
The establishment of the postal savings
banlo.
Tho removal of tho Census Bureau from
politics.
The wise conservation of our national re
sources. Tho extension of the civil service of the
Government.
Tho creation of tho Court of Commerce for
tho more speedy and Just settlement of ques
tions between tho shippers and the trans
portation lines.
Tho opening of China to the employment
of American capital on equal terms with the
rest of the world.
Tho taking of Judicial appointments out of
politics.
Tho passage of the reciprocity treaty with
Canada.
Tho avoidance of entangling alliances with
any of tho nations.
Tho establishment of oommerclal relations
with the South nnd Central American coun
tries. Tho list of Mr. Taft's achievements could
bo extended greatly; but these Items will
show that he was faithful to his trust, and
all that ho did was done with the idea ever
uppermost in his thoughts that he was
President of tho wholo country and not the
leader of any political party. It is a great
record, and It is not to be wondered at that
thero should be a desire on the part of many
of the thoughtful men of his party for his
return to tho White House.
If it could be so arranged that the next
race for President should bo made between
Mr, Wilson, and Mr. Taft without interfer
ence from other good men who think they
could "do the Job" better than either of
them, and a series, of Joint debates rould be
scheduled for the campaign, the people would
all get the worth of their money. That would
be a "sporting event" worth while, Indeed.
Both are good speakers Mr, Taft once said:
"I think Mr. Wilson is the best speaker I
have oyer beard"; but that was before he
waa a candidate for President, and Mr. Wil
son would probably say that Mr. Taft is a
mighty fine fellow. Neither thinks, possibly,
that the other could be elected) but that
would only add to the Interest of a straight
out light between them.
If Hughes Should Run
A wise political worker from New York,
who has made a high reputation as a
prophet, said when he was In Washington
several weeks ago! "No candidate of either
or any party can be elected without the vote
ot New York State. Justice Hughes could
carry New York by at least 250,000 majority,
Mr, Wilson carried the Statel in 1913 by a
plurality of 200,017, but he failed by 181,974
yotea to receive a majority. If Justice
Hughes would consent to Btand for Presi
dent he would change the Wilson plurality J
into a uepuoucan majority."
If he could be assured or anything like the
solid Republican support Mr. Taft would be
able to do tha same thing. If the Republi
cans in Congress had not made thenjaolvea
responsible for some at least ot the achieve
ments or the present Administration they
would have a better chance of going to the
countiy with any candidate they might
ebos Many of thua rrow dltfereat mM
TO THE DEATH
iiSsssssBMssii.i inS"iri'ryrTrlrii,rii,iT, rrm if vmIbssW'i1!Imh , , ,, - ---isMiilrji'iiiMgrwTOBiBsVlTiistirffflTrt?fltfftHByfl
tssssM!aWBjMKflaraaiKwas4&
ilissssssF5SSS58;?8i!ff'" ffliBlMiSwW4t?W)w3rS SHMl'25WI?E?,vW?iH4
gg&a8irgr;r
rwe$y&5fifl22S
of the country within tho last fow days have
said that Mr. Taft Is their best chance.
Will Taft bo a candldato? Not unless ho
can bo assured of tlio practically united sup
port of his party. Will Mr. Wilson bo a can
didate? Ho will havo to be. There is no
other man in sight.
COOKS WITH IRON CROSSES
They've Earned It Under Firo for 100 Per
Cent. Bravery.
"mHEKE Isn't anything heroic about
X cooks," writes Herbert Corey to the
Now York Globe, "and when things go wrong
ono cither apprehends a cook as chasing n
waiter with a brcad-knifo or giving way to
tears." Yet tho Gorman army contains many
a cook whoso oxpanslvo apron is decorated
with tho Iron Cross. "And tho Iron Cross,"
Mr. Corey reminds us, "Is conferred for ono
thing only for 100 per cent, courage." Tho
writer tells an interesting talo:
" 'They'vo earned it, said the man who had
seen them. 'They aro tho bravest men In tho
Kai3er'a four millions. I'vo seen generals
saluto greasy, paunchy, sour-looking army
cooks.'
"Tho cook's Job Is to feed tho men of his
company. Each German company is fol
lowed or preceded by a ficld-kltchen on
wheels. Sometimes tho fires nro kept going
whllo tho devico trundles along. Tho cook
Btands on tho footboards and thumps his
bread. Ho Is always tho first man up In tho
morning and tho last to sleep at night. The
Touton believes In plenty of food of a sort.
A well-fed soldier will fight. A hungry one
may not.
'"When tho company gets Into camp at
night,' said tho man who knows, 'tho cook ia
thero beforo it, swearing at his flrea and tho
second cook, and turning out quantities of a
depressing-looking eal stow, which Is, nev
ertheless, very good to eat.'
"When that company goes Into tho
trenches tho cook stays behind. Thero Is
no placo for a fleld-kltchen In a four-foot
trench. But these men in tho trench must
bo fed. Tho Teuton insists that nil soldiers
must bo fed but especially tho mon in a
trench. Tho others may go hungry, but
these must havo tight bolts. Upon their
staying power may depend the safety of an
army.
"So, as the company cannot go to tho
cook, tho cook goes to tho company. When
meal-hour comes ho puts a yoke on his
shoulders and a cook's cap on his head and,
warning tho second cook as to what will
happen If he lets the flrea go out, puts a
bucketful of hot veal stow on either end of
the yoko and goes to his men. Maybe the
trench is under fire. No matter. His men
are in that trench and must bo fed.
"Sometimes tho second cook gets his step
right here. Sometimes tho apprentice cook
tho dish-washer la summoned to pick up
tho cook's yoke and refill tho spilled buckets
and tramp steadily forward to tho line.
Sometimes tho supply of assistant cooks,
even, runs short. But tho men in tho
trenches always get their food.
'"That's why so many cooks in the Ger
man army havo Iron Crosses dangling from
their breasts,' said the man who knows. 'No
braver men ever lived. The 'man In the
trench can duck his head and light his pipe
and be relatively safe. No fat cook yoked
to two buckets of veal stew ever can bo safe
aa he marches down tho trench under n.
But he always marches. His men aro always
fed, and fed on time. The hero of the
German campaign la tho fat cook of tho
fleld-kltchen.' "
THE RUBAIYAT OP A BOY
I wonder why it Is I fl so queer
And everything stands so close like, and clear!
The woods that used to seem so far away
Last winter, nose right up to ma and sayi
"Come on and play, for spring Is surely here!"
"I'm sort of creepy all along- my spine.
And when the hlueblrd warbles on the line
I want to yell, and kick up in tho air
And go and bo an Injun chief somewhere
I sometimes think I'll bust, I feel' so fine.
I heard a meadow lark this morning and
I knew Just by his voice he'd understand
What make me want to stand upon my head.
And plant some morning glories by the shed.
And organize a bold highwayman's band.
But mother doesn't seem to know at all.
For when I try to sneak out through the hall
Sho says. "Put on your coat and overshoes I"
And thin I kind think I have the blues
And wl'lil that I was only big and tall.
I dpn't see why school keeps on any more,
For when I look out throuKh thn rw.n rfnn
y And see the lilacs all about; to blow,
Ana everyuuny so oneni ana green. I know
I don't know even what I learned before.
X found last week a yellow violet
Down in a sheltered place all shiny wet,
With lltts dabs of unihlne now and then
I won't tall whirs, but when Z go again!
There'll be a rog'lar flock of them, I bet I
The teacher says we'll have a "nature" clais
And go out hunting flowers in the grass!
As 11 1 didn't know what that would hal
A 1st of gh-Ui a-stumbUng aftsr me
And scarlns every ilvipf thing they paasi
! CJaolfcnilt CeamisrsUl TtibsLss,
VhBKSBSS!"
Half a Hundred Species Spend the Winder in
Philadelphia They Eespond Eeadily to a
Welcome to Our Dooryards.
By WITMER STONE, Sc. D.
Curator ot'ths Academy of Natural Sciences.
THE study of wild birds is probably at no
tlmo moio fascinating than in midwinter.
Thoy aro fewer both in species and Individuals
than at other seasons, so that tho adding of
another kind to our list glvc3 us much greater
satisfaction than when birds aro singing in
every thicket in spring ."Jid summer.
Birds, however, aro by no means so scarco
In winter as tho casual observer would sup
pose Tho records show that in a circle of 10
mllo radius about Philadelphia no fewer than
65 species regularly spend tho winter; whllo
ono year or another C3 additional kinds havo
been seen within this area, Somo of these are,
of course, raro or local and as It Is impossible
to cover all parts of, this clrclo In a slnglo
day, not nearly all of tho species present
within its limits can bo observed on a day's
tramp.
Bird Walks
It has become quite a fad among amateur
ornithologists to tako a bird walk on Christ
mas Day In order to ascertain what blrd3 may
bo seen, and tho average number recorded
on such occasions during tho last 10 years
in this vicinity is about 25, although on tho
New Jersey sldo of tho Delaware, where win
ter birds find more congenial shelter, sev
eral competent observers working together
were ablo to record 41 and 42 species, respect
ively, on Christmas, 1912 and 1913.
Tho crow la probably tho most generally
distributed winter bird, nnd may bo seen In
tho evening In all sorts of weather, winging
its way In long lines to its roosting places
near Salem, N. J.; nt King of Prussia and
near Doylestown. Tho gulls, tho most con
spicuous featuro of winter bird llfo on tho
river, are tho herring gulls.
Along the river meadows, ast well ns in
swamps and meadows inland, thero aro,
throughout the winter, flocks of various birds
of tho sparrow tribe, several species being
frequently mixed together. Conspicuous
among these aro tho slato-gray snowbird, with
thin white breasts and conspicuous white tall
feathers, tho speckled-breasted song sparrows
and tho rusty-capped tree sparrows, with the
single dark spot on the middle of tho breast.
Small flocks of goldfinches nro not uncom
mon, now in nn olive brown livery, but still
characterized by tho black wings, undulating
flight and canary-like call.
In tho thickets or edgo of the woods we are
likely to find flocks of white-throated spar
rows, the "Peabody birds" of the north; big
plump follows with a whlto throat and white
crown strlpo.
Tea-kettlo! Tea-kettle! Tea-kettlel
Under the overhanging bank of a stream, a
diminutive winter wren will bo playing hide
and seek with you, dodging In and out among
the roots or from a thicket; his largor rusty
coated cousin, the Carolina wren, will break
the silence with his loud "Tea-kettle, lea-kettle,
tea-kettlel"
In the tree tops a wandering hand of llttlo
birds pass along scouring trunk, limbs and
twigs for concealed cocoons or hibernating
insects.
The speckled, black and white, downy
woodpecker hammers on the dead branches
while the brown creeper; mottled like the
bark over which he climbs, is mounting, spir
ally, up the main trunk, creeping like a
mouse. Meeting him midway, we may see a
white-breasted nuthatch, with slate-blue
back and black cap, who prefers to alight high
up on the trunk and come down stub-tall In
air and head toward the earth.
Out on the slender twigs aro the chlokadee,
tufted titmouse and golden-crowned knight
a characteristic winter party,
Tyrlan Purple
The alder thickets along the tidewater
creeks, especially on the Now Jersey side of
the Delaware, harbor here and there a pair
of cardinals, the brilliant red plumage of the
male seeming strangely out of place amidst
winter surroundings of bare branches and
patches of ice and snow. Wilder woodlands
may shelter a fevv noisy blue Jays, ever alert
and screaming their disapproval at the ap
proach of any intruder. A flock of purple
finches may to come upon, perhaps, picking
apart the, cone-like seed of the tulip trees,
the females and young obscure brown birds
with heavily streaked breasts, much the
build ot an English sparrow, and In each
flock a few old males looking as If they had
been dipped in a pot of Tyrlan purple. While
this waa the "purple" of olden times wn
should now deseribe it as pink or carmine,
gveri common soianer Wr3a ruaaia -with
THE BIRDS OF CITY AND SUBURBS
or
us in varying numbers through the winter
Meadow larks their yellow breasts veiltc
with brownish flush from tho river mana?
in compact flocks, feeding thero In the mos
open ground and along tho water courses liii
til tho return of spring makes it possible to'
thorn to scatter back over tho uplands. 1
Purplo grackles- or "blackbirds," in smal
number3 often remain in their autumn roosti
a small garrison left by tho great herd thjt
haa passed on to tho southward, and scatter
ing ovory day over tho country; they furnfi
a winter record of Interest. Robins and w'u"
birds and an occasional flicker are found' io
cally throughout tho winter months, snt
these, with tho several species of hawks whld
scour tho meadows for mlco, a fow owls an4r
varying number of wild ducks on the river
constitute tho bulk of tho regular winter al
fauna of Philadelphia and vicinity. In ax'cep
tlonal years or in tho wako of a great snow
storm como flocks of horned larks, theSS
raro snow buntings, or tho crossbills, pfe
siskins and red-polls, but most of these ar.
decided rarities. W
Tho introduction of the English atari
gives us another conspicuous winter bird
though it is hero nlso, if less in evidence.'
summer ns woll. Its black plumago recalls lit
blackbird, but tho slighter spotting, the ilen
der yellow bill, tho short tall and tfeculS;
flight will ldontlfy it at onco. t
Tho question uppermost in the minds?
tho host of bird lovers, which the wlcjjo
tho Audubon Societies haa developed,fS
"TTn, ,... ... .. i ... iij . i :!?.
..-.ft im ,vu utkiuui. uio uirua una tuutnui
their numbers about our homes?'' 9
Keeping tho Neighbors' Cats AwayJ
Tho main points are to provide morose
less native thickets in your grounds -wheri
birds will find natural shelter, and where jj.
the dead leaves and sticks will not be raiS
up leaving tho ground baro and "dean." The?
excludo tho oats tho worst enemies of rtjd
bird life. The number of stray cats at law
passes all belief, but when wo flnd'that lnnljij
months in 1905 tho Society for Preventlonjo
Cruelty to Animals in New Tork City pa't'on
of existence no less than C3,r933 cats, we sft
some idea of their abundance. Those ttEc
care more for wild birds than blrdeaUjl
cats, having no cats ot their own, may pr
tect their grounds from visits from ncUS
boring cats by fastening chloken-wlre toS,1
top of tho fence so that It stands about tj
feet above the fence, leaving it free of am
rigid supports. When a cat Jumps up earn
wire It bends back with the animal's welsh
and tho cat dropa oft on the same side t'd
which It came. No cat likes to cllntbg
anything that Is not stationary.
Winter birds can be further attracted
fastening pieces ot suet to tho trunks or UoAf
of trees,' but the English sparrows often UJf
possession of such food. They may be elim
inated by melting suet and pouring It log
a cocoatiut shell which has a large openlnon
ono sldo, then suspending the cocoanut bj
string or wire from a branch. The wild biw
downy woodpeckers, nuthatches or chkjj
adees will come readily to feed, but th fJ5j
rows. like the cats, are susnlclous of a wij
ing object and will not come near It, Fedjj
shelves or boxes, protocted on top to
off the enow, may be placed on posts loj
grounds and supplied wjth grain, we
other food, or similar shelves may be arri
Just outside a window, by which means b
... . . .. ..- 1n
may do nrougnt ciose 10 an opserm -
the house. w
There aro innumerable ways of ttrlSS
birds, and now that the publlq is arous,edlJJ
take an interest In the matter there tug
reason why the decrease In various 'MsS
and the absolute neirleet of Dreaervlns ce
tlona necessary to bird life, shall a
checked. Let everybody lend a hanai
Culture
r'llUtli'A IriAlra Kftvnnit tviAfhfnltrV. CUltUTO I
hatredt culture has one great passlon-u!
Inn fni- ivln,li nnrl llffllt. It liaS 0.10 S
yet greater, the passion for making thU
prevail. It is not satisfied tilt we ftU wS
perfect man; it knows that the wetB,Hft
lllrht nF th. fan iTtllllf- lu ImMrfOCt USD
raw and unkindly masaea of buroanWi
touched with sweetness and hght.-S
Arnold. .
MaWngr Frfenda
ninftsAjl SM thAV Yvlifi linva tha Sift Of
frlalidi. for it Is on of Odd s best gift
volvea many things, but above all th Sf
going out of one's self, acd ppr'',ro5i
vr t nnlil. Ami Ibviy.. in afiQltlEl J
IlUtfhU.