Eancastet 3rttelligertcer. WEDNESDAY, MAY 4, 1870 The New State Treasurer Yesterday R.W. Mackey, Esq., retired from the office of State Treasurer, and Gen. W. W. Irwin was installed in his stead. Mr. Mackey displayed consider able ability in the management of the financial affairs of the State, and would have made a perfectly unexceptionable officer under a proper system. He was fully as honest as Gen. Irwin was when in office before, and only followed the example which had been set by his pre decessors in the manipulation of the funds of the State for the benefit of him self and a favorite set of bankers and speculators. An act designed to reform some of the abuses which existed under former ad ministrations of the office of State Treas urer was passed by the last Legislature, and under its provisions General Irwin goes into office. It was not such a bill as the true advocates of reform desired, but was the best that could be got through so corrupt a Legislature. The first section provides that a bond shall be given by the State Treasurer in the sum of five hundred thousand dol lars, instead of one in eighty thousand, as heretofore. That will allbrd fair se curity against defalcations. Section al fixes the salary of the Treasurer at $:5,000, instead of the meagre suns allowed before. That ought to be sufficient to compensate him for his ser vices, and to do away with all excuse for speculating upon the public funds. Section 3d directs that two sep arate books of account shall be kept by the State Treasurer, in one of which all moneys received from revenues belong ing to the Sinking Fund shall lie cred ited on the day they are received, and in the other similar entry made of all moneys received from other sources. A balance is to be struck in cruel of said ledgers on the last day of each month, and on the first business day thereafter a certificate to be delivered by the State Treasurer to the Commissioners of the Sinking Fund, showing the balance due to them on the Sinking Fund ledger for the preceding month. Se - etion dth makes it the duly of the Commisslihiers of the Sinking Fund to apply the moneys at their command on the first days of the months of Marc!,, April, May, September, october and Noc'ember respectively, to the purchase of interest -bearing honds of the State, at current market rates, provided the saute does not exceed three per cent. above par; and the bonds so purchased are to be immediately eaneelled. balances shown to be due it the first ‘lays of January, Febru: u •y, June, July, August and Devember are to be deposit ed by the Commissioners in the Farm ers' and Mechanics' :National Bank of hiladulphia, to pay the semi-annual nteruit on the ;-ilatv dcht ; any balance greater than iv lll,ChSary for that pur pose to he used in the pktrchase of inter est-hearing Load:, which are to be can celled. Seetion the State Treas trrer, in his ;ininial report to 11w future, to furnish two tlistinet state ments, uric showing in detail the monthly receipts from :each source of Iteventie helonging to the' Sinking Fund, the other :1 similar report of all moneys received frontlltill'y Sources; and the C0111111iS,i011,TS:l1V rcyuirod toannex 1.. this an nnuual rrport SIIIIW i lig in de tail lire :nnount of each month's receipts in the Sinking I owl, and the amount of debt redeemed and interest paid. Section tltli wakes it an impeachable °lli:nee for the State 'Treasurer or the Commissioners to neglect or violate any provision of this :tel. Section 7111 ❑iul:es it the dilly of the l'oniinissioners to receive sealed pro posals during the innnth ni s J :11111 ill every month thereafter, wlu•u they shall have 1 . 1111(IS, redelllpli4lll part of the State debt next due, and toitly and cancel bonds \viten it Can he ,ii)11, lo the interest of the State. Section 8111 pi vines for the tuurttlity pillilivation Iraln•r ill till• Cities i' Jilarrisbitrg, l'ittslitir,g i ora &i.. See(ion 2(11 diri•et, I:e,ping I If a re IMI I /1 . 1./C( . 1., !ill g, I/1 t Ile Cumuli.. Diule , with it' ILr tln • re of loan,. lOW III:112S it the duly of the Treasurer, tt. furni,li a lletaile.l -I,iteiclit to tlic uditor ticiteral, on the lira i\londay of each mouth, .or till sows whirls .g 0 lit make up the total ol rveeipns; giving the aniount tlepo,itcd xvith earl: hank, corporation, firm or in dividual, or remaining in thocaull, With he 11:/.111(.. 1::111k, individual or t.orporation ; and when die lurid, arc 1114101 call, if ',itch ho in vault, haul: or elsewhere, giving the amount, kind and value of ,ecurities held Gorsuch moneys not on call ; statement to lie made on oath, to he re:or(lcil in a hook, :0111 tl !iv , 11,1211 .:11 . 11•1:lk :Mil li e cis iron, of the Hate,— section also roptires each banl:, corporation, hurl or individual, with \ Vb."' th' State TlVa" l " . 'r MUY have tie any nioncys, to renthir a month Iv account (d . amount, 1111 hand or de posited with them. Another act was pat,cd tutthorizini the l'omini,,i4,llol'Si)i . :Ill' Fun, loapply (of the sumac, resolved L\ thou a sullicicncp to Illvt.( ally halanec re,tir eil for the ordinary espouse, (Tiili.nt, in cure the amounts receive( froin ' , tat ree, not devoted to the Fund ,hall prove ; and 10 Ser:l rate :IC0 , 1111( Of 1110110)', , rueeivel frifill the half mill lax uuthuriralhy acs :\lay Lt , Pstil is W be hurealler kept Such is the law under which the now St:ite Treasurvr goes into orrice. It 11111 he seen that the great evil complained of, tliQtolver of the ante 'Treasurer to utakc tii•posits at. will with hanks, firms, corporations and individuals is nut done ttway with. That alaKe was too firmly intrenelied to Ire successfully assailed in the last Legislature. The present law must, lioNvever, reform some of till' \vhteh have whj,•ll j( gives to the .1, tho,, \rho have the titatmgentent or the finances or the State will eilahlo the Workings of the present system to be watched, and will give opportunity for that exposure oCaltuses which 111ay lead eventually to a complete refortnatilon thereof. The Attempt to Assassinate Napoleon. The all important question Involved in the adoption or the I'llfdscilam by the French people is the succession or the sun of the Emperor Napoleon. The Senatus Consultutn allbrded a plausible pretext for au appeal to the people, and the emperor took advantage of it to foist ill the question whether the nation would pronounce in lover of his son. Should the Pietri,citft,f be adopted the rights or his sun to the throne will rest upon the same ostensible title as his own, the Empire having been establiolfed by a Ph bixcitum adopted in 15:52. 'file Emperor no doubt feels sure of a large majority in favor of his project or he would not have submitted it to a popular vote. To make tile majority overwhelmingly large is to discourage attempts at revolution, and t.) do all that can possibly be don. , to in sure the permanency of the dynasty he has rounded. The plot to ff,sassi mate the Emperor no doubt sprang from a consciousness on the part of the Republicans that the adoption of the Plebis,ilmoi would crush out their party and delay indefinitely all the plans which they cherish. That the discovery or the plot will increase tile majority in favor of Napoleon seems to be certain, and tile probability is that the vote in favor of the Plci iso it um will be overwhelming. Napoleon under stands how to manipulate an election in France fully as well as any military sa trap ever understood the management of negro votes in one of our southern States. The Negro Jubilee We are not disposed to find fault with the negroes, because of their having de sired to celebrate the adoption of the Fifteenth Amendment. Their political elevation and enfranchisement is an event which they would be less than human, if they did not desire to cele brate and rejoice over. The negroes are perfectly right to be jubilant that they, an inferior race, are placed on a politi cal equality with the superior white race, which has heretofore exclusively governed the country; and they have abundant reason to rejoice at their ele vation all day long, from the rising to the setting of the sun, for all time to come. No one could possibly blame the mouse for associating on equal terms with the lion, if the latter:would consent to it; although we would be entirely justified in entertaining a very con temptible opinion of the king of beasts who would condescend to associate as an equal with so inferior an animal. We would expect the little mouse, admitted to so distinguished a companionship, to joyfully gambol about and laugh and be merry in appreciation of the distinc tion conferred upon him ; and the more happy he was the greater would be the evidence that he was, able to fully ap preciate his elevation. We have to find fault with the negro jubilee, on Tuesday, so far as the negro participants in it were', concerned, only because of the smallness of the affair and the want of enthusiasm which prevailed. The few negroes in attendance seemed to go through with the performance just because somebody had given them the job to do, and not because they felt any spe cial interest in it themselves. None of the negroes seemed to have anything they wanted to say on the occasion nor :my feelings of joy and gladness to which they desired to give expression ; for not one of them except the Chairman of their meeting, opened his lips to give expression to a single sentiment; even their pastor Cult had nothing to say. The negroes on the Common did not even feel sufficient interest in the occa sion to give their attention to the speak ers ; but they left their orators to talk to the white people present while they roamed over the ground, munching or anges and peanuts, and talking and laughing loudly with their acquaint ances. 'Phis apathy indicated clearly that their fee liugsarenotgreatlyaroused by their elevation to the suffrage, and that they c:u•e very little about it any way ; which is a strong indication. of their mental darkness and intellectual feebleness. As we have said, We in not blame the negroes fur being jubilant on this oc casion ; but we have no language to ex press our deep feeling of loathing and contempt for the white men who took part in the atrair, and who sympathized with the negrov, demonstration of sat isfaction that they were raised to an equality with the white man. We envy not the taste alld the sensibilities of those men who can rejoice that the de graded African is admitted to an equal share in their inheritance as American citizens and who can welcome him ill his ignorance to a joint tenure with them of the ballot. Comparatively few white men of any note made their appearance in open connection with this negro jubilee, which is an encouraging sign that even the Republican politicians of the city are not wholly lost to shame. A few area appeared On the stand and glorified the negro in extravagant language, to their own deep abasement ; and these few belonged entirely, we believe, to the "Thug" branch of the Republican organization. Col. Dickey, the leader of the other branch was advertised to speak, but happily his stomach was not strong enough for the occasion, and he staid away; his followers did the same 111111 the field was left in the possession of I teorge Brubaker and his crowd, who had also engineered the meeting in the morning when that shining light of their wing of the party, Wickersham made a speech in which he proclaimed himself the negro champion. These area are thus early attempting to embroil the ncgrocs iu their political disputes, and some of the negroes are smart enough to sec it. ISrother Boston intimated yesterday that the colored folks could not be used in any such way ; they had not yet to be politicians, says Boston, and hints very strongly that until they learn enough to protect Own:selves, they will keep hands off; and when they have proper ly learned their lesson they will try to paddle their 11W11 oauue. 0111' friends therefore had better not rely too surely upon their grateful colored breth ren being always ready to draw their chestnuts out of tile tire; doing the work and getting none of the Maws. fuccrnor lioll'inan's Veto of Kai [rum Bills. In the I.egislature of New York. a combilthlion WaS r”riitcd durin g tic rc cent session similar to that by which the proposed Sinking Fund swindle WaS put through in this State. No less than seven newly projected railroads joined in a raid open the State Treasury, and nuffhlgeil to seen re the passage of sepa rate acts appropriating an aggregate of The same plea Was made for taxing the people of the State of New York for the construction of these projected roads which was employed to give a show of respectability to the big steal in our Legislature. Governor Hoff man has vetoed the whole batch of bills, and has done so in a message which meets with the hearty concurrence of the people of every section of his State ex cept the minority who are directly inter ested in the projected roads. The time has gone by in the more thickly settled States when public aid is needed to con struct railroads or canals. Private en terprise and private capital will build railroads wherever there is a chance fur making such works pay, and no portion of Pennsylvania will long want the means of development when it call be shown that t here is a prospect of making railroads or canals pay for their con struction. In vetoing the bills propos ing to lake four and a half million of dollars from the treasury of New York to aid in the construction of local rail roads, Gov. Holllnan acted on sound principles of public Ventilation Needed And now comes the cry that the I liaise of Representatives at Washington must lie better ventilated orabandoned. It is said to lie constantly full of foul air and bad odors. That distinguished grammarian, John Covode has been "in westigatin" the matter, and he solemn ly declared in a speech the other• day, that " Experiments ohic•h he had tried showed conclusively that the joulesl rlie in the House was immediately around his seat." That statement settled the question, and a resolution was adopted authorizing extensive experiments to be made to improve the ventilation of the hall. It is rumored that the prospect of having a number of negro members in the next House has stirred up the Radi cals to the absolute necessity of protect ing themselves against the conse quences. It is probable that the gal leries, which have become a regular roosting place for the filthy and odor ous negroes of Washington City, will be cut away. The projected alterations will cost a large sum of money, but the health of members is said to be suffering seriously froin the existing state of af fairs, and they cannot be expected to suflcrwhen a liberal expenditure of pub lic money in experiments of ventilation may afford relief. If nothing else will do we shall have the costly structure pulled down and a new one erected on correct principles. Nothing must be left undone to provide for the period when the negroes shall be fully repre sented in the Lower House of Congress. Philadelphia boasts that she will use 350,000 tons of ice this season. THE LANCASTER WEEKLY INTELLIGENCER, WEDNESDAY, MAY 4, 1870. The Philadelphia Sunday. papers bring a very serious charge against State Sen ator Kerr. They allege that he sold his vote in the Watt-Diamond contested election case for $12,000 and that this amount had, he thought, been actually paid to him when he voted for Watt ; but it turned out that the sealed package deposited in bank for him, contained brown paper instead of bank notes. The Sunday papers relate all the circum stances alleged to have accompanied the transaction with great particularity and tell the story with great apparent gusto and relish. We have waited some days before giving publicity to it, in the ex pectation that if not true, it would be promptly denied on the part of Senator Kerr, but so far no denial has been pub lished, and we are constrained to believe that the story is true. It manifestly comes from Bunn, the man who bought Kerr and then cheated him; and who by his disgraceful conduct in the afthir, first in:corrupting his victim and then in rob bing him, hasearned forhimself a meas ureless infamy and merited a felons cell ; and yet this man is a prominent candi date for the Republican nomination for Register of Wills in Philadelphia; and more than this, he actually expects that his "smart" conduct in this matter and his success in securing Kerr's vote for Watt, has given him such a claim upon his party friends that they will not be able to refuse him this nomination! The people have become so accustom ed to hear of the corruption of their chosen Legislators, that the relation of the fact that one of their Senators has been bribed by the offer of $12,000 to vote to give a scat in the Senate to a man who was not elected to it, although it will deeply disgust them, will not startle them, nor will they find anything so intrinsically improbable in the reported fact, as to cause them to disbelieve it. The peculiarity of this affair is, that Senator lierr, a Republican, is said to have been bought to vote to adinit Watt, a member of his own party ; a thing which party fealty would generally love been suffi cient to cause a dishonest man to do, without being likewise paid to do it. It is charged that lierrhad been offered annoy to vote for Diamond, the Demo cratic contestant of Watt, but no evi dence is produced to sustain the charge; and as _Diamond was in our opinion fairly elected, it is altogether likely that Kerr had determined to vote to give him his seat, because he was honestly of the same opinion, and that he was seduced from voting according to his convictions by the olrer of the $12,000. His action, if it is correctly stated, has covered him with an infamy, which those who boast ingly confess that they bribed him, will fully share; and by it the Democracy have lost a Senator whom they had fairly elected. The Richmond Disaster 'l'ii E terrible accident which occurred in itiChnlOnd, Va., in the Capitol build ing, Wednesday last, the particulars of which are given elsewhere, was of the most distressing character. The number of persons killed is put down at fifty eight while about one hundred and forty were more or less injured.— Among those killed were many distin guished citizens of Virginia. The ca lamity has caused the greatest sorrow in Richmond, and cannot fail to awaken the deepest sympathy throughout the country. building in which t h e acci dent occured• the State Capitol, is the one occupied by the Confederate Congress during the war. It is an old stone structure, not of great size andtnot in very good repair, but still apparently strong and substantial ; it is difficult to see why the floors should have given way alter the building has stood so many years and doubtless held as great crowds as yesterday, during the excit ing period of the war and during other eventful seasons in Richmond's history ; and we can only account for the disaster by supposing that t h e floor beams had rotted through age. The State House is situated in the heart of Richmond, on the top of one of its seven hills and in the middle of an open square. The 11,0111 in which the accident occurred is, it we mistake not, the one in which the Con federate Senate sat ; and in the Hall, into which the victims fell, the Confed erate Representatives Gn•u n •rly assem bled. The contest bet,ween Ellison and Ca hoon for the . .Nlayorality of Richmond, has been a singularly Woody one. It commenced with the killing of a num ber ,it• persons in street collisions, and as it was about to end through the de cision of the Court, it is signalized by the slaughter of a number of tie 'nest noted public. men 4,t . Virginia, of both political parties. The Laneaster and Delaware Rlter We see by the Engito Report on a portion of this road, that the people at the Eastern end of it, are seriously preparing for its construction, and we trust that their activity will soon awak en our citizens at the Western end to the importance to their interest of pushing tltis enterprise forward to completion. The merchants of Lancaster are con stantly complaining of the unjust dis erhoination that is made against nil city in the rate (d' freights, In' the Penn sylvania Railroad Company; and they have now here all opportiminy of doing away with this evil under which their interests are greatly sulrering, by going energetically to work to build this com peting line which 'Viii run through the richest section of our county and will furnish us with a near and direct route to New York. Traversing the magnificent awl popu lous country through which it, MUM is ' , milted, it is illlperidiVely dolnalided and would amply repay its cost, :IS a Meal road ; but When in add iliOn to this it will form the most direct route to the commercial metropolk of the coun try, and become a road, for connection with which, the projected air line from - Washington City would :din- -thus mak ing Lancaster an important point on a great national highway flouting north' and south, as it now ism' the great road connecting the east with the west—it is difficult to believe that our citizens will hesitate twig before they determine to put their shoulders to the wheel, to push forward the Lancaster and Delaware River Railroad to speedy completion. Lam:aster city has prospered slowly hut surely on the trade of the magnifi cent county of which it is the county scat; but if we do not take heed and be both liberal and energetic in time, in securing railway concentration here, we may rind before many years a number of railways raversingour count•, avoid ing the city and carrying away its trade. .lust as by oursupineness we (kited to se cure the running of the main and short est line of the Reading and Columbia Railway to this city; just as We See the Baltimore Central railway tapping the Southern tart of our county; just as the Reading and Wilmington road is doing the same kind Mike by its Eastern section ; in just this way if we do not take care, we will find numerous other railroads, somd of widen are even now projected, traversing our borders and bearing away front the city the country trade on which it lives. Will not then our citizens taught by facts and rendered wise by experience, be up and doing to secure the early com pletion or our road to the Delaware; or will they continue to lie supinely on their backsand trust to a kind Providence that the grass will not grow in our streets in the years to conic. GOVERNOR Geary lies approved the bill submitting the location of the pub lic buildings, of Philadelphia, to a vote of the people of that city. The bill pro hibits the use of Independence Square, and the choice twill lie between Penn and Washington Squares. Senator Kerr Simon Cameron and Jefferson Davis When the negro Bevels was admitted to a seat in •the United States Senate, Simon Cameron could not resist the temptation to make aSplurge. With the dramatic air ,of one who prophecies af ter a thing has happened, he asserted that he had told Jefferson Davis, when he left the Senate Chamber to engage in secession, that he would live to see a negro occupy the seat vacated by him. It was not long until Jefferson Davis wrote the following letter to a friend who inquired in regard to the truth of Cam eron's statement : iiimrems, Tenn., March 23, 1870. My DEAR Sin :—Yours of the 3d instant reached here during my absence, which will explain the delay in this reply. Sena tor Cameron made no such statement as that quoted by you. He made no remarks to me at the time of my withdrawal from the Senate other than the expression of his good wishes for me. His relation with me had been uniformly those of personal kind ness, and I have expected him, as a duty to himself and to truth, to deny having made such remarks as have been imputed in the newspapers. Men had not then reached the degree of stultification which caused the withdrawal of States from the Union to be called "re bellion ;" and the only remark, so tar as I know, made by any Senator, which had the least practical bearing, was the expression of Mr. Hale, of New Hampshire, that he expected us all soon to come back. Very respectfully and truly yours, JEFFERSON DAVIS. Cameron was in trouble as soon as that note found its way into`the news papers, but he summoned his present henchman, Forney, to the rescue. With subservient alacrity the author of the celebrated Jamison letter answered the call of his master. A consultation. was held, the scene of the story was shifted, and Forney writes up and publishes in his two papers, both daily, a highly colored account of a scene which is rep resented to have occurred at the break fast table of Jefferson Davis,when Came ron was partaking of his hospitalties, couple of weeks before Mr. Davis retired from the Senate. If Jefferson Davis should see tit to do so, we have no doubt he can demolish this second fabrication as easily :is he did the one which was first sent forth. Should he see proper to deny it a majority of loon of all par ties will believe his assertion in prefer ence to that of the Senator from Penn sylvania. Even the loyal men of this State will take the word of the great arch rebel in preference to that of the man who owes his seat in the United States Senate to the grossest bribery and the most shameless corruption. The Thirty-Eighth State To increase their power in Congress, and to make sure of a majority in the Senate for years to come the Radicals have admitted one territory after anoth er into the Union, setting upState Gov ernments where the requisite num her of inhabitants was not to he found. -The Washington R?pubtican thus announces the advent of another bogus State : "There is no longer any doubt that lw lore Congress adjourns alt enabling act will be pussed to authorize New Mexico to or ganize a State I lovernment, elect two Sen ators and one Representative to Congress and to apply for admission into the Union next December. The proposition to create the thirty-eighth State at first met with some opposition, but this has disappeared under the assurance that New Mexico will be as Republican in politics as she will be Republican in form. The Committee on Territories are already prepared in the !louse to report a bill. That is a plain confession of the fact that the admission of the territory of New Mexico into the Union of States is made dependent upon its political com plexion. It' it was not prepared tosend two Radical Senators to Washington it would be kept out for an indefinite pe riod. It is only because the admission of Ness• MeNiCO will add two more to the Radical majority in the Senate, that its small population of a mongrel character is to be endowed with the attributes of State sovereignty. The Death Penalty The Detroit Post in a recent issue has an elaborate article upon the recruits of the abolition of the death penalty in the State of Michigan. It gives statistics which shiw that murders have decreas ed since the abolition of capital punish ment, while convictions have been ren dered more certain than they ever were under the bloody code. In 1547 the change was matle, and year by year, front that time to the present, the ratio of murders has decreased. During the first eleven years which billowed abolition, the average per eent age of murders in comparison with other crimes, was two and seven tenths; during the last elev en only one and seven-tenths. These statistics ate calculated to substan tiate the position taken by those who urge the abolition of the death penalty. It is solely a question of ex pediency, a n d favorable reports front such States as have changed their laws hi relation to the punishment for mur der, constitute the strongest argument which can be brought against the con tinuance of capital punishment. An experience of over twenty years has convinced the people of Michigan that the destruction of the gallows renders human life more safe, and the crime of murder less frequent. That is a fact which legislators would do well to pon der carefully. Mr. Tom Scott's Latest Our readers will be astonished to learn that the Managers of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company Italie ordered that on ;mil after Monday, May Lid, two of their trains shall cease to make Lancaster a stopping place ; one of these is the train cast, passing through here about noon, and the other the train west, which goes through Lancaster about :2.j o'clock I'. M. It will strike every one that this is treating in a very cool and high-handed way a city of the size of Lancaster, and a place which is so important a feed er to the business of the road.— \\'• are glad to understand that our Councils, justly indignant at this outrageous treatment, purpose, ;it their meeting on Wednesday even ing, taking effective measures to enforce the strict letter of the city ordinances, regulating the speed at which trains may pass through the city limits; and adopting such other measures as will hilly satisfy the men who control the Pennsylvania Railroad, that there are sonic things which they cannot do, and that there is a limit to the amount of extortion and insolence which we will patiently endure at their hands. Their excuse for not stopping here is, that to compete with the Erie Railroad, they must run through from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh in seven hours; but our Councils will at least take care that their train shall run through Lancaster slow enough to enable all the passen gers on it, who don't want their necks broken, to escape that fate by jumping off here while the train is iu motion; We tire so lIIUCII to humanity. Somi: of the negro orators who have been spouting polities since the adop tion of the Fifteenth Amendment have threatened that terrible things shall be done to any colored man who may vote the Democratic ticket. The places where they live are to be made too hot to hold them,and they are to beostra cised and exiled. It is surprising how completely these black fellows have be conic imbued with the proscriptive spirit of the Radical party. They echo the teachings of - Wendel Phillips with parrot-like precision. Let them go on with the programme they have laid down. They may whip all the negroes of Pennsylvania into the Radical ranks, but they will drive out more than an equal number of white men, and the Democratic party will be largely the gainer in the end. A CASE taken up to the Supreme Court by J. Edgar Thompson, Esq., of this State, to test the right of Kansas to tax the Pacific railroad has just been de cided. Chief Justice Chase affirms the right of the State to levy the tax and to collect it by seizing property of the company. Achapesnorricher Our thanks are due to Hon. John S. Stiles, M. C., for a variety of rare vege table and fruit seeds. Our friend will place us under a still greater weight of obligation, if he will advise us how the lonian Islanders—whence it is said to come pronounce the name of that "green fleshed Musk Melon" of theirs ; the label spells it "ACIIAPESNORRICIE ER. Somebody has borrowed our Dic tionary of the lonian language, or we would not bother our friend for the in formation. We have a Dictionary of the Hawaiian language, and also Lexicons of various other remarkable tongues, but we cannot find the word in any of them: We have no doubt the melon is a very valuable variety, and is appro priately given a big name from the im mense size of the fruit; acting under this impression, we intend h) plant only ne seed to the acre. We judge, too, that it is a spicy melon, a near relative of the nutmeg variety, and that the name, being translated from lonian into English, would proba bly be the " Pepper" melon, the fruit being heavily stocked with that article, and not requiring in its consumption, the accompaniment of pepper and salt. This being the case, its sneeze-sounding name is very happily given—A-eh-a ! Who Stole that Bill? The bill authorizing the people of Lancaster county to elect a Keeper of the Prison, went to the House, and was there adopted with a single amendment. It was never returned to the Senate, but mysteriously disappeared in 1 ran,itu, What become of it no one can tell. It is believed that the bill was stolen front the files of the House, anti its passage thus defeated. Who was the thief? He ought to be hunted up and incarcer ated. his services would entitle him to the most tender and considerate treat ment at the hands of the man who will be largely benefitted by the larceney.— Mr. Sensenig could very well afford to furnish him with every luxury the mar ket would supply for services rendered, to clothe him in luxurious raiment of the latest cut, and to supply him with wines, cigars, &C. Who is the thief that stole that bill? What detective can ferret out the scamp? The Mayor of Richmond The admission of Mr. Ellison to his place as Mayor of the City of Richmond is a rare event in the subjugated South. It is a victory of law over carpet-bag impudence and arbitrary power. Ca hoon was appointed Mayor during the military rule of General Canby and, like others of his class, he undertook to hold on to :1 profitable position after a successor bad been legally elected by the people. The question who shall be Mayor of Richmond is not in itself very important, but the settling of a priiwi plc, and the subjection of military rule to the civil authorities in the South, is something to rejoice over. THEN" are quarreling in Maryland over a fund raised for the purpose of building an Asylum for Inebriates, and the probability is that the institution will not be built in consequence. This can scarcely be considered a public ca lamity. Inebriate asylums do not ac complish the cures that were expected of them. They cost fearfully in consid eration of the few semi-reforms they elfect. A drunkard who dues not drink only because it is restrained by force as it were—who abstains simply because he is placed where he cannot get intoxica ting liquors, is liable to fall as soon as he is put in the way of temptation. The man who has the will to lay Mr the habit while in his usual haunts, and without experiencing any but self imposed mural restraint 'nay consider himself sale. Such a man has no need of asylum treatment; while all others will find that treatment but of tempo rary and imperfect value. The Pennsylvania State Sunda) School Convention The annual convention for the year 1.470 will be held at Ilarrishurg, Wednesday and Thursday, June 11, 15 and lli. Geo. 11. Stuart, Esq., is expect ed to preside. Each Sunday School in the State is invited to send two or wore delegates. Pastors of churches, Super intendents of Sunday Schools, and proininent Sunday School workers from all parts of the State are invited to attend and participate. Tim Freedmen's Bureau investigation as it progresses shows up the specious hypocrite, lieneral Howard, in an unen viable light. The evidence already tak en shows that lie has received lots of land in Washington city, lute been in terested in contracts, and has been engaged in sharp practice with the moneys entrusted to his charge. This saintly loyalist is likely to come out of the investigation with his reputation for piety and purity seriously damaged. A QrnsTios.—:-;ince it is a well ascer tained fact that the Vice President of the Pennsylvania Railroad thinks that he owns this State, are not our geograph ers wrong in making us residents of Pennsylvania; should they not at once get out new and revised editions calling our State Scotland?" Pr seems that Mrs. Lincoln has re cently written to Gen. rant, a begging letter, in which she complains of her poverty, and that a pension has tot been granted her. Those who know the amount of money which she received as her portion of the estate of her hus band, and from the subscriptions made for her benefit in different sections of the country, (.an not account for her as sertions that stir is in great want of It eans. IM=!! A mysterious disease is mal:ing sad havoc tinning the cattle iii stimiersid county. Greensburg, 'Westmoreland comity, has two excellent tire companies sup plied with good engines, : ,, eventy-live horses, netting about 9d0,0141, were sold during court week in Waynesburg, I ireClie county. Bich iron ore has been dicovered iu Lyeconing county. By a recent act of assembly, a uni form series of school books is to be es tablished in Somerset County. J. N. Boyd, Esq., forit n of Wash ington county, has become associated in the editorshipof theChillicothe, Afo., Journal. The Governor has appointed Sylvan us I. Frazera Commissioner of Deeds:it Hancock, N. V., and E. 11. Tharp a notary public at Philadelphia. It is understood that thirty thousand tons of railroad iron will he forwarded this season from Johnstown via Erie to Duluth, to be used in the construction of the Northern Pacific railroad. The emigrant trade on the Pennsyl vania railroad is on the increase. Ifeavy trains pass through Harrisburg daily, bearing hundreds of foreigners to the far West. A Pennsylvania farmer states that he cured his daughter of the (Irecian bend by pouring water on her, and holding her out in the sun till she warped back again. The law which authorized the Com missioners of Westmoreland county, to premiums on fox scalps has been re pealed. The repeal dates March Isth, and no premium can be paid for those killed since. Several families were taken suddenly and violently ill in Somerset, Somerset co., the other day after eating cheese, purchased at one of the grocery stores in that place. Mr. Joseph Wilson of Canonsburg, Washington county, while in Pitts burgh ou the 14th inst.. was attacked G by tour men hear the rain Elevatar and garroted and robbed of a valuable gold watch and $l3O in greenbacks. James Keys, son of John Keys of Smith township, Greene county, at tempted to jump from a train at Skel ley's Station on the. Pan Handle Rail road on the 15th inst., and fell under the cars, and had both feet cut off. On the 16th inst., a stranger while standing near a burning log-heap in the vicinity of New Florence, Westmore land co., was seized with a fit, and fell into the fire and was severely burned before lie could be pulled out. SMRTCMES OF TRAVEL NORTHWARD No. lll.—West Point. [CONTINrED.] The cadets' encampment corrunencts late in June, and terminates about the 29th of August, during which period little or no time is devoted to study, but all to military exercises. The encampment is located on the north east portion of the plain, directly in front of the Hotel, and consists of eight rows of tents, opening in four streets, run ning parallel to each other, and a broad avenue running through the centre. The officers and instructors occppy tents oppo site their respective companies, and the tent of the commander is in a central posi tion on the avenue. A short distance in front of the encampment are the guard tents, six or eight in number, and sentinels surround the camp day and night, the reg ular discipline of au army in the field be ing enforced. The summer uniform is white linen pantaloons and dark gray dress coat, trimmed with black braid end largo bullet brass buttons. The military exer cises commence as early as five o'clock in themorning, at which time reveille is beat; but the first exercise that is particularly interesting to the visitor, is morning dress parade, which takes place at 8 o'clock. It occupies about three-quarters of an hour, and is well worth seeing. Nine o'clock is I the hour for artillery drill. There are three batteries: the siege battery, commanding the river on the north, the light foot battery and flying battery. The latter is drawn by horses and most of the commands are given by the trumpet. In this connection we may state that on the morning of our departure, a salute of thirteen guns was tired in honor of the arrival of General Humphreys, and we do not think we shall ever forget the grand eChoes it awakened among the mountains. • At half-past ten o'clock the engineer class proceeds to the river bank on the north for drill. We saw them 011 two or three oeeasions, construct a pontoon bridge. The boats consisted of wooden frames, fit ted together and covered with ea/IV:I,S, and it is astonishing It/ set` how quickly the bridge is constructed. The instructions in cavalry exercise, are given in the riding hall in the winter months, and during the encampment the evolutions of a squadron are occasionally practiced on the plain. InfantrY drill takes place at 4 o'clock in the afternoon, and the new cadets—ur " Plebes," as they are almost always called —drill at interval, from II A. M. to 51'. M. At sunset every one proceeds to the pa rade ground, to witness evening dress parade. It is interesting and is generally considered tho great event of the day. Just as the sun sinks to rest and a parting ray illuminates the crests of the mountains, a single drum is heard. In a few moments the full chorus of the baud proclaims that the hour for evening dress parade has ar rived. The music is echoed and re-echoed in tone, softer, sweeter and Minter until the surrounding mountains all resound with the notes of exquisite melody. The music ceases. The various military move ment, are executed; the orders Mr the succeeding day are published; the band marches in front of the parade, and as the last sounds of the music die away the re verberations of the evening gull announce that the duties of the day are ended. Hops are given in the Academy building every Monday, Wednesday and Friday evenings, and all the visitors are cordially invited to attend. On Tuesday and Thursday eve nings, the camp is enlivened by the excel lent music of the post band, which is uni versally conceded to be one of the fittest., if not the finest, military - bands in the coun try. At tell minutes before ten o'clock the tattoo is beat, which is the signal for every cadet to be in camp, and at precisely ten o'clock, the drum is tapped three times, when every light is extinguished and dar ing, the rest of the night a death-like silence prevails, which is only broken every hour by the sentinel's cry of all's well." I•'lirtation Walk - -an elegantly shaded path, lined and overarched by trees—winds through Koseiuszlio's garden :Ind extends from the hotel to the Library. The "drives" about "The Point," though limited in extent by the rugged character of the country, are in great variety anti beauty. A fine road leads to o,7.7.ens's Hotel, two unites :South, or the visitor inay cross the river by the ferry and see the beauties of the eastern shore, or lie unay drive up to old Fort Putnam, nC o hich we shall speak presently. Like most summer resorts, West Point, is rather quiet on Sunday,. At S o'clock in the morning there is an inspection of tents, anus, clothing, etc., by the officers in command of the post. This is the only military exercise of the day, except morn ing, and evening dress parole. The cemetery is located a little northwest of the plain and commands a fine river view. Here are the graves of aMI whet of distinguished others, and their beautiful monuments tell the sail story- of many a battle-field. Conspicuous among the at tractive monuments is the 0110 crested 1,1) the memory of the cadets who have died while at the Academy. It is large and im posing, composed of separate hocks of marble, on which the names are inscribed at id surmounted by a tield-piece, flags and other appropriate emblems. A handsome block of white marble, bearing the follow ing neat inscription, marks the grave of (hen. Scott: WINFIELD SCIvrT, Morn lit Dinwhitlie county, l'irginia, Julie 13, 17st1, Died at West Point, N. 'l'., May 211, llistory records his eminent , ervices as a war riur, pacificator anti general-to,3ller ta the armies of the United States. 11.1111 Uri equestrian statue, (,rdered by Congres:es in the Capitol or his country, are his public monument,. This stone is a mark of the love and vt•m•rot or his daughters. Upon the top of the mountain immediate ly West of One plain is old Fort Putnam, one of the most noted and memorable points of Revolutionary interest. It has never been used since the Revolution and having been subject to the storm for nearly a cen tury is rapidly falling tin pieces. Inn tine immediate vacinity are the ruins of Forts Webb and Wyllis. No language, however graphie, can de scribe the beauty of the landscape present ed front this hallowed and memorable spot. Six miles below we behold Anthonc's Nose " looming to the skies" a little nearer is the IMliimain House, !mule famous by the treason of Arnold; on the north rises Cro'nest; nine miles farther up is Newburg, while the Shawanyunk and Catskill moun tains may be seen in the extreme distance. (if entirse we have only spoken of some of the attractions Of that Point. Vie have said nothing ()fits great importance (luring the Revolution or of its being the scene of Arnold's treavhery. A visit to West Point must he ever pleasing and interesting to an American, as no spot on our continent re calls to his litind mone vividly the memo ries of the glorious past. Here Wash i ng• ton, La Fayette and others, whose names shine brightly in our i•onntry's history have tread, and "Thore•s not a vortlant Lamle, nor mountain ll„ary. hot treaNtires ttp the no tootles d freedom's story." EU= The following is a remid:akin of the public debt statement for the month end ing April 1970: Debt bearing interest in coin, bends at live per cent., 9:121,590,300.- 00; bonds at ;six per cent., 31,880,333.90nu0; amount outstanding, ; in terest, 802,841,778.88; debt bearing interest in lawful money, certificates at three per cent., 815,185, 000.00; navy pension fund at three per cent., $14,0101,000.00 ; amount out standing, $59,535,00.00 ; interest, .81310,i1-1.1.- ; debt on which interest has ceased since maturing, amount outstanding, 9:1,790,587.- 22; interest, 8,490,153.30 ; debt bearing no interestanded and legal tender notes, .:86501T,221 ; fractional currency, 3:39,530,t1:34118 ; certificates of gold deposited, 9:13,840, 100 ; total amount outstanding, 82,- 900, 570709.4:1; total interest, 853,622,795,2 0; total debt, principal and interest, to date, including interest duo and unpaid, $2,1154,- 10:1,494.7S ; amount in Treasury--coin, 3115,52.5,213; aurrency,sB,os4,oo4.o6 ;sinking fund in the United Stales—coin, interest on bonds (purchased and accrued interest thereon), 77,55:3,850;$ debt less amount in Trea-sury"on the ; Ist ult., ;3. 2,432 , 5 6 2 , 27. 7 4 ; ileereae of the debt during past month, 311,697 x 793.39; decrease of the debt since March 1, 1870, $17,404,1-12.942. Health of Alexander H. Stephens It will be hoard with regret that Mr. Alex ander 11. Stephens writes from Crawfords ville, Ga., under date of April 12, in such a strain as to leave no doubt that his health is as far from as good as was recently sta ted, and as had been hopefully believed by his numerous friends. lie says he is a lit tle better, but hardly able to sit up to scrib ble a letter. lie can neither stand nor waik without assistance of some kind: writing has become so painful that any thing of that kind is now done for him by others. His letter concludes thus: "The heavy work on which I have been engaged so long being now completely oft my hands, the visits of congenial friends are the more welcome." This will be read with the hope that Mr. Stephens is mista ken with regard to the extent of his weak ness, and that the genial spring and the so ciety of his friends will assure him a prom ise of many years of active usefulness. THE RICHMOND HORROR heart rending Scenes and Affecting Inci- Statement of Those WhO Were Rescued RICHMOND, April 28.—Business was almost entirely suspended in this city to day. Bells were tolled and the day was observed as one of general mourning. The citizens nearly all attended the funerals of friends who were victims of the appalling disaster. So great was the demand for hacks and horses that it was almost impossible to obtain all that were needed. In several instances funerals took place from the same church, one following upon the other. Among the incidents of the fatal accident of yesterday are many of an exceedingly remarkable character. A Northern lady and gentleman, Miss Frothingham and her father, of Brooklyn, who wore viewing the surrounding coun try from the cupola of the building at the time of the sad event, were entirely cut off for nearly two hours, and were kept in ter ror in their lofty prison, from which they could witness the movements of the exci ted crowd below, the display of dead and dying on the square, the endless scene of confusion, with the tolling of bells, wailing of women and children, without the remo test idea of the occasion at all, beyond the terrible shock. In this predicament they, together with a negro, remained, all escape being cut oil by the falling of the staircase by which they had ascended. A door be hind had also been locked, so that they were prevented leaving until the negro broke through a skylight and lowered the gentleman and lady to the roof. Tho lath and plaster was then broken and they sue ee&led in reaching the library, through which, in a fainting condition and with fear and trembling, they reached the open air, where they beheld in all its horrors the disaster that so nearly included them among its victims. Both of the Mayors fell through, ono of them, Chahoon, being injured, am were two of the counsel on both sides. Mr. Thomas Joynes fell, together with l/r. J. Bock, and his mouth rested against the doctor's cheek. Ile asked Mr. Joynes who it was near him; the other told him his name, and he asked him in case he survived to carry many messages of affection to his family. "I ant dying," he said. "Tell my poor wife how much I loved her and thought of her in my last moments." With other words of endearment and love for those he left be hind, Dr. Brook then died. Mr. Rush Bur gess fell on top of a gentleman whose name • he could not learn. Ile asked, "my friend can you not move a little?" Mr. Burgess replied, "No I cannot stir." "Well," said he, "I must die then ; goodly," toil soon after he was sleeping the sleep that knows no waking. During the time in which Mr. leerge William Brent, of Alexandria, was covered in the ruins Mr. Chandler, who was between the Window and Mr. Brent, was endeavoring to get away, when Mr. Brent ~,ught him by the arm and begged hint for Goal's sake to let hint get some air ; but in the latter position it was impossible for him to comply until assist lance was rendered. In ashort time, how ever, he was taken out and his life saved. Mr. Chandler, who is ono of Mr. Cahoon's counsel, says that :qr. Samuel Eaton, of Boston, former member of the press, was sitting on 1110 back of his chair, both con versing, when the floor fell. Mr. Eaton's neck was broken While Mr. Chandler was only slightly injured. A Mr. Keenan, who was buried in the debris fir over three quarters of an hour, was at last rescued and taken from beneath a pile of dead bodies, almost suffocated. Ile had since nearly re covered. 1/r. Thomson, member of the I louse of I delegates from Ilanover was caught under two men who were instantly killed by the falling of a heavy beam. Ile was slightly injured himself, IM=I Among the killed WaS a Mr. Burnham, of New fork. Mr. It. Burkholder, fine of the members of the I louse from Lynch burg, hearing that Mr. Burnham was a relative of one of ilk constituents—a well known builder of Lynchburg—at once sought out the lucly, which had been tem porarily deposited Aar identification in the l'it3 I fall, and had it glared in a splendid inetalic case, and made arrangements to have it deposited in a private vault at Hol lywood until called fur by friends. Mr. Kendall O'Dwyer, one of the oily detective corps, went with the mass into the abyss, and thus describes his !WI and subsequent experience: I was standing near the gallery When it gave way, and rushed, with others, to the centre of the room, and then we fell with a crash, and in a mass were tangled and half buried in the plaster, timbers and laths. I cannot tell how I felt, but it was an exceed ingly curious and scared sensation. With the settling of the ceiling upon us I was crushed down lower and beneath many others in total darkness and almost unable to breathe. A portion of a man's body, which was bleeding, pressed close to my mouth and thus, I believe, I swallowed not less than a pint of his warm blood - , which, however, moistened my mouth, which ry as full of dust and sand. How long I lay praying, not with my lips, but in my heart, don't know; but in that terrible position it felt like an age. I got weaker and weaker each moment as I lay with the dead and some breathing men around me, until I be held a glimmer of light near tv. I stir never forget that little particle of light as it penetrated through the broken tinibers, benches and sullbeating, (lust and mortar. It saved my life, for I had then new hope. Some time afterwards I could hear noises and then the timbers were pulled away met I was taken out more dead than alive. Mr. N' I rwyer was theh placed in a wagon still praying. Ills aria was broken, lint of this accident he did not seem to be aware. When he reached his home he warmly em braced Ilk wife and mother, exclaiming, how I prayed for you both ; I thought I should never sue you again." Mr. Hugh Il utchinson, who was aMong the dead, yesterday morning went to the (file(' of the Piedmont Insurance Company and paid his premium on tel Insurance of 37,010. Ile then walked to the Capitol Building, from which he never re turned :dive. From all that can be gleaned to-day from survivors, the feelings of most were similar to those of Mr. O'Dwyer. The unfortunate victims were all jammed be tween the floor, the falling coiling, the gal lery and the staircase to the rotunda, all of which were precipitated on them. Many of them died solely front suffocation, as not a bone has been discovered broken or joint dislocated in numerous instances. Aiming the brat who made their appear core after the falling in, was Major Peyton Johnson, of this citv, his venerable gray beard covered with dust, blood and perspi ration, with tattered garments and without his hat. Ile appeared in one of the windows on the north side of the Capitol, and was called to by officer Knox to stay where he was until the arrival of ladders, and to keep cool. 'rho Major heroically responded, "All right, Captain Knox; I'm cool ; " Just then several other heads were protrud ed front the same window in much the same eondition as Mr. Johnson's, and with great difficulty they were restraihod from jumping to the ground, a distance of about eighteen feet, which, in their enfeebled condition, would have caused additional wounds and suffering, and perhaps death. Soon after the ladders and other aid arrived, when the work of rescue was vigorously eommenerd, as described yesterday. Up to the present the list of dead num bers sixty, and the wounded, as fir as as certained, number 125—a large majority of the number of persons the court roma was capable of containing. Major Calvert, late State Treasurer, makes the following statement: I was iu the clerk's office, just under the gallery, looking through the window in the court room. Standing by my side were Maury Roberts and Mr. Baldwin. I was nearest the door, leading out a friend of mine. I started to i.ome ill Ile remarked "I will stay here; it's much safer outside than in side." lie went outside the door and had hardly ilkippeareil when the crash came. I tugged to get near the door. I had almost made my escape when I was borne down into the darkness below. I hardly remem ber anything but the confused din of voices and falling timbers. I found myself en tirely revered ; my left side seemed nearly crushed, lint my right arm Was free. With this I removed the rubbish from about my head, and was thus enabled to breathe little. I was released in about three-quar ters of an hour. My left leg was Ladle brok,n and my lilt side bruised. tie of the Most remarkable escapes of yesterday was that of 1). 11. White, !sin her of the Legislature from Elizabeth City. Ile fell through the llbor with the rest and did not receive a scratch. lle did not leave the spot, but, despite the suffocating dust, remained and worked rigorously to get out the wounded and dead. Major Kelley, of Fredericksburg, WILS conversing with Mr. A vlett when the crash commenced, and says he (Aylett was kill ed by a beam from the gallery. The larger number of deaths occurred among those persons who were standing tinder the gal lery. Dr. Brock was just in reach of it, sitting at his table writing, when the Maine beam that killed Mr. Aylett struck him.— When he was brought out from the ruins he was breathing, but expired in a few mi nutes. The scenes on the Capitol square were such as cannot be described. In sev eral instances wives C4llllO upon the bodies of their husbands. One of them was so shocked that it is scarcely hoped that she can live through the day. Another is in sane, with but little hope of recovery. Telegrams of sympathy and offering aid for the afflicted aro corning in from all parts of the country. A citizen of New York has given authority to a gentleman here hi draw on him forsl,WO for the relief of the sufferers. A telegram from Alexan dria announces the death from sorrow of Mrs. Brewis, the wife of ono of the victims. An experienced architect, who has re viewed the plan of the Capitol building, says that the girder which gave away was composed of two pieces of timber, bolted together, making, when combined, an area of thirteen by twenty inches. It was for merly supported by columns, which were subsequently removed to improve the ap pearance tho ball of the house of Dele gates. In the centre of the girder was a mortise which reduced the available strength to nine and a half by twenty inch es. The fatal error was in making interior changes without examining the girders with reference to their capacity to endure the new stress placed upon them. PRESIDENT GRANT has returned to Washington refreshed by a trip to West Point and a Sunday spent with Corbin, the chief of the gold conspiracy. HoN. 0. J. DICKEY has distinguished himself by rushing through the Lower House of Congress a bill granting Airs. Lincoln a pension of SAM) a year. The McFarland trial. Dr. Reuben A. Vance called by the de fense in the McFarland case on the 25th inst., to give evidence as a medical expert on the mental condition of the prisoner, gave the following interesting testimony as to the organism and functions of the brain: Q. The brain is universally recognized as the great centre of the nervous system? A. Yes, sir, by those competent to judge; the brain is composed of two materials, the external envelope, which is of gray matter, and the internal Structure, which is of white matter or nerve cells, which conduct the impressions that originate in the gray mat ter; these cells are tilled with minute se cretions: Q. What is thought when the brain is in a healthy condition 't A. It is the.result of a chemical change which takes place in the gray matter; each of these chemical changes leaves a greater or less residuum behind it. Q. Now these residua which aro left by the evolution of thought may also form a nucleus for subsequent thought ? A. Yes, sir and they form the basis of memory. Q. When thoughtis healthy is it not necessarily the result of a healthy action of the brain? A. Yes sir, there can be no human thought except through a healthy human brain ; the brain must be supplied in the first place with a due amount of good blood; when the organ is affecto.l, though moderately, thought is affected; some of the organic diseases of the brain, or such as affect the organic structure of the brain it self, are ex travasatiun of blood in the brain; cancer of the brain, tubercles of the brain, syphilitic growth in the brain ; they affect the brain in such manner that we can see it after death. Q. Functional diseases or the brain--to what are they due? A. They are not or ganic; they do not depend upon palpable changes in the brain structure, bet upon the quality and quantity or blood rircula ting through the brain ; a 1111111 under the influence of liquor is under the influence of functional disorder of the brain ; also when a person Lakes hasheesh Or belladonna, giving rise to illusions and hallucinations, and strychnia, giving rise to spa..sins; but they don't leave a change appreciable ;liter death. (2. what is ran rztiun ~r tho brain? A. It is that condition nt 010 111,111 iI I ‘vilich Store blood is attracted to it and circul:w•s through it than in liralth ; it is ;In owidcncc of insanity. t/. In health is or is not the exercise or the functions of the brain accompanied with an increase ot . the amount of 1,1.41 cireulat ing through the brain? A. Yes, sir; CVery thought requires the consumption of so nnu•h material, and that material is ear riot there by the blood-vessels; a due amount a repose makes up the waste by giving; time to the blood to carry the material to the brain; sleep is a provision of nature to make up for the wear and tear in the use of the brain while awake; ;luring sleep the supply ~t blood to the bmiti Q. Suppose a period of activity occurs, not succeeded by sleep? A. A physical change takes place in the walls of the brain; the blood vessels become permanently dis tended, and an increased amount of Blood is permitted to circulate through the brain at all ti rites. AN'hat causes cerebral congestion? .Alternation in the quality of as front alcnholic drinks, medicines; but the most prolific cause is intense mental nr emotional anxiety; to watch a wan during; anger will show what must take place in the brain while the excitement continues ; it that congestion iScolitinlied a long time it hecoines chronic, and is attended by certain symptoms, comprising two elasses of ithenomena; first, those which are 111,- served by the physician ; and sc,•oncliy, those that:try observed only by the individ ual and mentioned to the physician. Tho,e which would be restlessness of manner; twitching of the muscles; omgestien, or rather suffusion of the fce; eonestien of the eyes, apparent by looking; throbbing of the carotid and tem poral arteries of the neck ; distension of the veins of the neck ; partial paralysis of the muscles of the tongue and face ; a per manent increase or tho puke, which may range as high as 1:;11, and hardly ever lower than !In, and an increased heat in the head. witness explaine,l to the jury' ht. W be employed the ophthalmoscope for examin ing. the interim' structure of the eye, and thereby through observing the condition of the blood-vessels, the retimt, and the Optic to predicate the condition of the brain, which, he said, could be done with greater accuracy than by examining the tongue to determine the etilolitioll of the stonia.,h ; where there is congestion of the brain, there can lie seen a ditTereneo it, the size of the vessels, and thecolor of the retina. In eimgestion of the brain the patient com plains tirst of want of sleep—that is tin in symptom , pain orsoine un easy sensation in the head or the eyes; or they may complain of it as neuralgiaof the face, tin impairment ur alteration of the vision, or that they see Lloyd: Specks or Ilashes of light ; in some eases or complete inability to sleep, of anises in the ears, sounds of towing water, or of somebody driving nails—a general fooling ~E Uneasi ness; in other eases there is kiss of pawn in 01el side, and dellilleSss Slid inability to See,. persons Se/ sulicrinq are also S111).plel. lIIMEINIZIMEMEIMMI U. In reference to the illeedie id treating these persons by sedatives, what kind of Arses do you have to administer? A.-- Very largo closes; 1 have known cases of congestion of the brain Whore throe grains Cl morphine has becii:administered ; in or dinary dose is one-sixth or iellte-han . :1 grain ; if we do not sueceecl in reducing, cerebral eongestion it will result in lull ::f four conditions—an attack of apoplexy, epilepsy, softening, of the brain cur Mania; mania is great mental and bodily eooite -1110t1t, with a disposition to do violent :Lets; this would come on suddenly with the congestion, and when the congestion was quelled it would disappear; the existenve of insanity is determined in the same man ner as the existence :if Inc: other disease uf the brain, by incoliring, into the condition of the mind, the sensibility, aml the powers of motion—that is paralysis; ycal will lied sensibility to touch diminished in refrain kinds of mania, increased in others, :Lll.l perverted in others; sensibility to pain may be diminished, ler Illay give positive pleas ure, so that they voluntarily prick theiu selves, :aid Monte women roll 11111V1/111,1 all through their body, giving them a sense of pleasure; sense of sight may also be exag gerated, diminished, or perverted ; the pa tient may see double, or see sparks or lire, or see horrible Ihees ; the same may be said of the sense of hearing; slight sounds may become painful, and the person may hear all sorts of strange sounds, and construe tltein into ail sorts of clangers. Q. Did you make any examination of the sense of utste—is that affected? A. We don't usually do it; a patient with 1,11g1,- Lion of the brain .iiiietinies complains that he cannot eat and things do not taste right; may imagine lie is ageing to be, poisoned ; muscular power may be exaggerated, di minished, or perverted ; there will be a tremor of the muscles of the face; the walk is affected, and sometimes a person pre sents the appearance of hieing drunken; the person can sometimes stand an enor mous amount of fatigue, and is SOIIIOOIII, easily exausted ; misuse of words Inlet in coherence of speech are mental phenomena connected with CellgCStieell, also talking to oneself and Illtatering ; tilleygenterally tine themselves to nine object, One train of thought, and that they will repeat unreas ingly ; I have seen letters of persons lalsur in,g under uotigesticm where their hand writing had undergone a total change, and the letters were as incoherent as their talk; they are unable to sleep. Q. Do you know how lone; Illarl call live • without sleep? A. Then: is one rase on re cord, stated on the authority M a mission ary—that of a Chinaman, whose death was caused by want. of sleep. 110,lived nine teen clays, but at the end of eight days lie implored to be put to death by burning or any way the ferocity of his executioners ruuld su g gest. 111 eongeotiou of the brain or (Onetime( Sell a'Wein oar ,xpres.ion of starting of the eye, the real cause of which is a congestion of the soft parts behind the eye, and thus the eye projects ; no man call aNSIIIIIO it; he van open the eye wide, but can't press it forward ; there is a general change of character on the part of those suffering from con gestion of the brain ; a feeling of exaltation or depression is very common, and a general failure ,it memory; the judgement is in variable impaired, and :lino ability to draw conclusions from premises; the fact. of in sanity in :Lit ancestor renders a descendant more liable to insanity; where insanity appears ill families, ::1110 members may show nervous diseases without being in sane, while another may be insane; if one descendant is insane without speci:Ll cause, then we have to go back to the ancestor for the cause. New Yong, April SG. —The :\ I , •Farlaiel trial to-day was without any new feature of particular interest. The examination of Dr. Vance, as to the condition of the prisoner's mind, was continued at great length. The substance of his statements was that he Wan laboring under a perversion of the mind, at the time of the shooting, amounting to a mania. Ills pulse varied from 10.2 to 125, and a person in that state could not be con sidered in a sound condition, NEW YORK, April 27.—The McFarland trial still hinges on the insanity question. Various persons were called to tell what they knew of the prisoner's condition of mind anterior to the shooting of Richard son, but their statements were in general but a repetition of what sad already been tittered by previous witnesses. Iforai,i (freely, editor of the Tribune, W:18 one of the witnesses examined. NEW Yonx,April 28.—The court-room was more crowded than over, Mr. ( ireeley's examination promising unusual interest. Mr. Greely testified that the substance of the last interview was the relation by Mc- Farland of incidents connected with the first shooting up town. On erms-exami nation he said he knew Richardson in Kan sas in 1859; ho (Richardson) was never reg- Airily connected with the Tribune ; re- Metnbered writing an article on the subject of revenge, having this case in his eye; never wrote or mused to be written any editorial in reference to this case in any paper other than the Tribune. Witness was interviewed by a reporter read the account in the Stilt afterwar ds; re porter did not tell him his name; did not think the interview was to be published ; did not know he was being interviewed. Mr. Graham here read - the interview al luded to. Mr. Greeley denied several portions of it, particularly those that put oaths in his (Greeley's) month and made him give ut terance to free-love sentiments; never en couraged Mrs. McFarland in her attach ment to Richardson ; never spoke of the matter to Mrs. Calhoun; did give Mrs. Calhoun a letter of introduction to Henry Ward Beecher when Richardson was on his death bed. Mr. Samuel Sinclair, publisher of the Tribune, wan next placed upon the stand. His testimony related chiefly to his ac quaintance with the prisoner, and to vari ous interviews with him, in the presence of his wife, Oliver Johnston and other par ties in the spring of 15.'57. Counsel for de fence objected to going so far back. The defence claimed that the prisoner was mad dened by the intercepted letter, March ltd whereas these interviews preceded that. The District Attorney, on the other hand, contended that they had the right to follow the life of the prisoner through those years, to show that ho was not insane and had no predisposing symptoms of insanity. Mr Graham characterized this as "weak, flim sy, disreputable logic," and as slimming the weakness of the prosecution in their efforts to tie the defence down, and then trying to leap the limits themselves had laid down. The Distriet Attorney said they proposed to show that, in this conversation, an agree ment was entered into by husband and Wile. As the other side hail travelled over the prisoner's whole life, they could not be cut from going into Annie portion of his life also in rebuttal. Finally the question was allowed, and then I%t r. Sinclair proceeded to give the de tails id the verbal agreement between the prisoner and his wire to separate, will which the public are already sulliciently familiar. rho prisoner, after the separa tion 1111(1 frequently said to him he IeILS de termined that Itichardson should never lies with Mrs. NleFarland. Even if married, they would not live together, as he tv sulrl shoot hint, Oliver JOIIIISAJII and J. I IDwell Mr. Sinclair, after which the Court ad journed till to-inerro‘y. NEW Yogi:, April 29. -The tisl'arlanil trial developed nothing to-day tint of the usual IS/Mille. M r. 1 Lowell oecs pits' the stand during the greater portion of the hire noon. Mr. Graham asked him what pro rt,sion lie follii,ved. A tis,vcr.-- - Jai-k -id-all-trades. I tsinsider myself All n ventnr.- elleitt•il a laugh from the l'ourt, iv huh the reporters, Si ilk their 11,1.11 116111E0110,5, did nut tail to note. Mr. Iliddrillge Dewey' lestititsl that lit that Isits, li t , heard the prisoner, :it that nine, tall: about shooting Itieharilson, tin iIIIO iletiANitill he Melt lie said he kept about hnu is sliest t anollier said it he did not kill Min he itaul,l train up his little boy todos \l - hues hdil seen loot lit leo intoxicated. Mr. Dewey further rout that he did not take any step to wart Itichardson, in t•iitisequettee or these threats, lieeituse, in the first place, he did not lielieye in them, and in the second place, he itas a Friend or McFarlantl's and it itsll't going to take the run lilt'. .After testimony 11,111 tiro or dirt, sill, witnesses, going to ,how that the prisoner WAS addicted to liquor, r. e iraltani Jrfo the rose, and, \VIEII saute reeling de clared that the prosecution were holy try ing to run in all kinds of evidence. They wore raking the gutters for evidence, ete.„ Nlr. Davis, for the retortotl . that the emirs° or the 41010114'0 hie, and ontrageons to the last Its, , ,ree. Ile thought that the Court sltnitl.t. inferrer° to prevent fitrther outrage. Mr. Davis otrered to road Mel'arland's statement as in the hot it Wit., ruled out. Ito then offered to ',a.' the statement of r. Itieharilson as nolo lished 111 the S:11110 it,llrlllll, 111111111s:0Ni, •,•111111`.1. The Court. then ailiontAinil till Monthly next. .\.+the two voutisels alsn o mentioned were leaving the hall high words I assed lief trill them, 111141 hot for the in terference .it . t . ril.ll,lS a 11 . 11,•:14 NV4,11111 has t• 14,11 1111,11ah11.. lot Friday, :titer the ieljournmetit of the Court, \sidle the crowd sv:ViSIONVIy Mr. Ili - all:um ss Ito ss welt ntgly 'waled ut the result of his argument against the admission of the decree and agreement, and at the mild reprimand ot the Recorder, I,llllllll.lliiiiii till Davis regarding the tatter's trying tn.., lir:I -ll:1111 Clillllloll 1110 prurrrdiues in advr to gather nirther testimony, Judge Davis stood coolly arranging his !lapels, and listening in prosoking silence to the reeriminationsoftheopposingeotinsel, now :mil then dropping a word, which only served to increase the atiger of the latter, until Mr. llralnun indulged inn epithets against Judge Davis. The ilia -10:2,j11.. Willt•11 Lad Wail nuts Bonn carried on in a emnparatively loss teen of V. I tog:tit to gross' si, loud that it attracted tint attention of those within the inelostire. Tho ladies stopped in their exit from the rnoin turned to witness the ailair. 'VI; re porters- -wino 'were gathering together then paraphernalia of nianindd and note-hooks, and vongratitlating each other upon the early adjournment. dropped their station ery Nvitli alacrity, twit leaped epee dcti rs :ulll 1.111111, to gaze over the heads of tho nosed around the counsel. 'I'M. two 1,111- liralmin,with his neck stretch ed forward. his fare Hushed and his eves fairly emitting sparks; Judge Davis, semi his loan dr;nvw hunk, and IL prossion of astonishment arid alitilsement ut his fill.° :11111 apparently a little dread or the list that shoot: so threateningly I,el, his nose. “I;--d 11—n yl,ll 1;1,11:1111, ,‘,bl, 1 he 111,1111,1 by yell! I'll I sky the omit burl: right !lyre in till. I '1,111.t...,111 I 1 1:111 lick Lw i iii you, !” .Itidgo I)avis ivas Lt. 111114•111,t4•111i11,•.1 01 1,111 the 1t1•e4,411-r,,V111, haulhrourun cla',litg with it gontlentalt iicar hy, :tttentimi asattr.totod \II, Ult. 1311,, ;1,110 ,1•1`1111.(1:1.1.111. S(1•11.1•311,14t• 1/1, ;11111111'111:111(11.41: "IVltat's all this, ?" r. Graham 1...ha1:M.4 . hi , list. in llu. Itt— cmder's face;—"And cull 141,,,,1vr, you hail nu right M Lark him ilk in this ntatmt! ti-41 ,1--n it air. Graham was thcf% pushed hack by the Mlicers M the %vim call,l unpin all perMrll:i tit. 11,111, Anil liar Lino 1111,1111•11 L till' I' X , 11.1•111 , 11 t luau intcnse. In a nimnent, Mr. (ira.hatok .Lgain rush.l through I he , ,•IVII, 113 , 111 . 11 a,so,•iate \1 r. l ierry, slo,u1.1: " Il y 1,11! I NV ,, 11 . i hi. ill,llllcii in Iliv 1/11rS1 , W,IS '4Ol/1114i tioo tiumi hp 111, r. :%1 c• land, lulu appri•- lomsion, plswed hi, hand uu 1;1,11..11'4 ,1.1/Ider, ax lio .said: " II t 1,11! Grahaul, hunk! 01.1'1. pot kIII,V pot IVO sottoAttlog to Inc.,' 1 . 111,1 at 0111'0 1 . 111111 , 1 111111, :11111 110 IIIrilt•,1 I,:h•k, :Is .1 wig. , Das is, echo had 11,', I'll lolled, :it wit, till the, court room ti ith 16e Itecorch•r. r. thvir glrfcirl ure, ewitihilett thh rollllnl.l 1 , 11 the prh.....c•nithm, declaring : "The i; d miserable, cowardly bumpkin! I knew he soils 11 coward! I ran Like hint in our hand and (;:irvin in He' other and lick them both I I swear," ho continued, again growing heated, and striking his list upon the table, "I've felt ail through the trial like taking hits by the t•fdlar, the 1 1—d II- Ti, in I could hardly restrain myself.' At this juncture, moTILLI our outside the railing clap pe d his hands and shouted, '"l'liree cheers for John r"I'lle people, however, did 1140.11,0 d the MIL! Sl,Oll afterward Nit'. Graham and r. leery, the former still muttering enrses, left the room anti the Court Unit... Nlcl'arland was visibly ittbectt4l lie the occurrence. Ile deplored it 1,14 . 1,11111g1y. I le said lie thought there ,vas 011111.1,1•110. for it, however, t , ,r the fact that Mr. 61,- 11a111 11,111 entered With all his heart into the defence. "They have been gathering," said the prisoner, "all the isolated install - COS of drinking I ever experienced; ami the baseness of this course had struck >I r. powerfully, especially as I .1111 /I I trial for my life. I think the alriir it this atternooti will he overlooked by the public• when it is seen 1111!%* basely the prnsr•ruGo:l 1131,2 eondurtrd the rxsr this week.'• Nray Voiti: May 2.—The Meat h,ttil re of the McFarland trial to day was the testimony of Mrs. Ittinkle, form erly Mrs.!Calhoun. Iler appearance iii the Witness box•made a great stir in court. Tho substance of her evidence was that she Brat mitt li•Farland i n January,lslii;, al an evening party at the house Ma friend and saw her from that time till the Sepa ration fr.!t her husband very often; NV:to not h 1611111145 With her before going to the White liiiintains; write her front hall a dares to lilt letters, at intervals; lielde arrangement with her to play at. the Win ter Garden ; also aided her in giving a series :if readings ; McFarland heartily ap provisl of her going on the stage. In ISn7, went ti 72 Amity street, where she and her husband boarded; came in in an excited condition; answert her so rudely that she wa.s glad to leave the room ; he turned on Lis wife, and said, yon have revel veil a letter from sante inn:: :Wit that W0111:111 huts brought it. Mrs. MeFar lanil, at that time, was Writing fir the In dependent :toil Riverside Magazini•; also making children's clothes for her support. In reply to a 11110,01011 Pram coUllSel, 10510 What Were her thetiVeS in all her dealings with Mr. and Mrs. McFarland, wiluess replied, that she wished simply to enable her to earn a living for herself and for her children. The witness fit rther stated that she never knew of any improper conduct between t 1 Richardson and :qrs. McFarland. JI r. .Grahatti read to her a portion of the famous "intercepted letter, " and asked her if she thought that was proof that he had outraged Mrs. McFarland's huffily/ Witness replied: "It sounds so much unlike Mr. Richardson, that except on your 1111thority, 1 would not believe lie wrote it. " The Court then adjourned. TO-1114,rroW Mrs. litilth Is will lie cross - exainined. " Brick" Pomeroy testified that he knelt' the prisoner; while the IM,itkiltial canvass was pending in ISiki saw him at my Mike ; he railed on roe :URI wished me to purchase certain letters in his possession to pubiisli in my paper; he informed um that the let ters contained a lust report or the dehaUeh cry of his wife by Richardson ; he stated that Greeley and others in the Tribune were running a free - love establishment; that by , publishing the letters a sensation would be made, making, him even with Greeley fOr What he said about the prisoner, Cincinnati Times pitches into the widow of the late lamented, in a manner quite unbecoming a " loil" paper: It says " Widow' Lincoln is a pauper," and her two., au extraordinary one of pauperism, " as well a. 4 of national disgrace. It was under stood that her husband was worth $lB,OOO when he became President, and $75,000 at the time of his death. Besides this Congress gave his widow a year's salary, $25,000. Hero was, therefore, a widow with an estate of 8100,000—fully half of it in her own ex clusive right—and now a pauper, disgrac ing the nation to the view of all tho wurld by her beggary. • ° • Her case is evidently a most striking illustration of 'dirt. got up,' "
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers