r ' WEDNESDAY, JUNE 2, 1869. CAMPAIGN OF 1869. Club Baieslol the Wc?Uiy * ntell Slnglo Copies, One Year. Five ** " Ten “ Twenty “ Thirty “ Fifty Eighty lloiv to Kill the Legislative lUnff. A Radical paper calls attention to e fact that out of 1590 bills passed by the last Legislature of this State only seven ty-one were general laws. All else was special legislation, conferring privileges upon individuals and corporations, privileges which in very many cases could never have been procured except through the agency of bribery and cor ruption. 11 is safe to say that the great hulk of the acts of Assemb Iy, ' will fill the huge volume of P a “P“ e j laws shortly to bo issued, will be found to be contrary to public policy and the general good. ..... In view of this state of allairs the Republican journal to which we have alluded, insists that it is high time to cheek the constantly swelling tide of corruption, and asks whether there is no way in which it can be done. IVe reply that there aro two ways, and two only. Kitlier wo must have a Democratic Legislature, or a Demo cratic Governor—or, better still, both. dive us a Democratic Legislature next winter and we will ensure honest ii-’islation. With the honor of the party at stake no Democrat would dare to be guilty of the rascality into which a few were drawn last winter. It would not be safe for any of them to imperil the prospects of our future suc cess by acting the part of “roosters’ or “pinchers." They could not then find a refuge for their viliiany within the circle of a ring of corrupt Radicals. Jf any corrupt men should be elected |,y the Democracy they would he com pelled to put on at least a semblultce of honesty. They would be closely watched, and any attempt to plunder tiie public treasury or to pluck corpora tions or individuals would bo promptly exposed. We have sullicient confi dence in the Democratic press of the Slate to believe that this would lie freely and fearlessly tlono, Hut., if the infamous gerrymander of this State is to insure our being cursed wit it another Radical Legislature, it is of the highest importance that a Dem ocratic Governor and a Democratic Judge of the Supreme t’oiirt should be elected. In New York Governor ]lofi nuin applied the pruning knife of the veto to the a'-ts of the Radical Legisla ture very freely, and hy so doing he j.uved the people of that "State from many burthens and grievous imposi- tions. The act.i which he so judicious- ly vetoed would have been followed hy mans of the saint* class which were mi I! i ovd t-., die ih the Committee rooms, because it was certain that they would he spiadily killed hy a veto if they were permitted to >ce the light. The value uf the veto” power in the hands of an lioncsl (lovornor can scarcely he too highly estimated. It is a bulwark agam-L Mirh rascally legislation as Ims cursed Pennsylvania. And iliseqttally nupo; laiit that some high-tented man of ability should he placed on the bench of I la- Supreme (’uiirt. If Geary should bo re-elected it is ah-eluicly cutain that we can hope for no r :.i. The outrageous scenes which have di.-craeed this once proud old (’oiiina'iiweaUh will he repeated year after year ; and at the close* of each ses sion of a 'legislature we shall sea* the “ roo.i, is ” and “ pinchers ” marching up :■> the masters of the “ring” and opi nly clutching in their greedy hands the li.i-e bribes for which they were ever I'-aily to do any piece of disrepu table work, no odds how dirty it might lie. There was no attempt at conceal ment on the last day of the late session of our Legislature. The rooms of the paymasters were open, and the scoun- dtvis who had sold liioir votes were see sneaking in with empty wallets ami mareliing out with welMilled purses. If this tiling is to be stopped —if we are not. to go on from bad to worse there must he a change made at the coming eiei'lion. The election of another Rad ical I legislature and the choice of an other Radical (lovernor, whether it he that prince of humbugs (teary, or some one i'lsi•, will he very properly regarded as a verdict in favor of the rascality which has disgraced J’ennsylvania.— The people can only inaugurate a reform by taking the power out of the hands of that party which has so shamefully abused it. There is no other way in Which it can possibly he done; and none but til oho wiio are willfully and stupid ly blind can fail to si e the [ml It of wind we a‘.sell. The kmnnrr Policy Grant, v.i- nr.- (old from Washington, in not Simmer, which is so far gratify in/r; imr is Secretary Kish, Simmer, ■\\lii<’li i'-; also gratifying. "Whether Sumner is Ilia whole I'. S. Semite, which he rlaiins lo he, miicc llie nearly unanimous rejection of llie Alaliania treaty, remains lo he seen. Tlu* self conceit of the Senator from Massachu setts, witii hi, many Mirnyneraiaes, ami peeuliarUmperament, make him a very unsafe counsellor. At the Capital, those wlio know him charge him with adopt ing the foreign policy of Rus-ia. He is hen L on a sysi cm of propagate I Um, with mixing up the Coiled States in the complicated crafl'am! cunning systems of ilie (toverjiments 01 Kurope, and with certain ideas, wlierehy all tin; des potisms of Kurope may ho suddenly metamorphosed into a full Mown de mocracy. In a few years, “ not a mon archy shall he left to tel! the talc,” —he has argued, it is said,--and we can be lieve ihi-t or any oilier mental or physi cal policy from Sumner. In litis view of thiiense, il is pleasant to learn lhat Dram is nol Sumner, and all the more so, when we read that “ (Iran! must surrender i m mediately to Mint tier, or they must part altogether.” hel them pari. The interest of the eotinl ry requires ait absence of all tom-fooleries in our foreign policy. We have had enough of foolishness at home, u ilhoul practicing it abroad. Tin: Chief of the Thugs thanks ie< for our nolice of his qualifications as a lawyer and his peculiar iilness for llie office of District Attorney, lie sent us hy the hearer of the message of thunks a tiiekle cent. I it* tno one he surprised at the smallness of llie gifi. llis fortunes are in a waning condition, as was abundantly proven by the overwhelm ing defeat of the delegates lie ran for the State Convention. The little fat printer, who was the especial represen tative of his lather-in-law,scarcely mails a show in the light. He holds the posi tion of Notary Public under (leary, and was therefore an ardent supporter of the U humt>u(j<jcib (ton rnor." Geary, and “Pup,” and his e.itibby son-in-law all gota hard full together on Saturday. It is said the shock shook the foundation of‘‘the soldiers’ monument.” We are informed, however, that Jack Copland has hail extra stayH and props put up; so the hungry and thirsty public need not fear to visit his restaurant, ns they have been accustomed to do. Jllsouly Llie upper part of the structure which is In danger, and that Is said to have been rendered very shuky Indued. Gkant’e vindicative attention to ev erybody who held Johnson for that reason merely, isan indication of a small spirit. He has no more reason to assume that everybody who held olllco under Johnson is corrupt than the next President will have to assume that ev erybody who held otllce under Grant was his cousin. Political Corroptlon m lancaater County. That the Republican party of Lancas ter county is completely controlled by a ring of corrupt politicians Is openly admitted. To break the power of the few men who from year to year set up their favorites as candidates for office, the Crawford County System was adopted, it proved to be powerless for the purpose designed. The ring found no more difficulty in managing matters underthe new sy&fcem-ttian they did under the old order of affairs. In almost every case the candidates select ed and supported by the “ring” were successful. A few men in this city are recognized as the heads of the organiza tion which dispenses office, and the township and ward politicians are in league with them. The simple country folks, who roll up the big Radical ma jorities which this county gives, are mere tools in the hands of a few interested and designing demagogues. When the day for holding a primary election comes round the rank and file are driven up to the polls like a flock of unthinking sheep, and they run where their local leaders run, and jump when they jump, whether it be over a fence or in the empty air where no obstacle U to be seen. . The candidates of the “ring” have no more difficulty in se curing nominations under the Crawford County System than they had under the old plan of electing delegates. Wit ness the result la9t fall, when the whole slate of Brubaker & Co. was put through without a single break in it. In fact the power of the “ ring ” seems only to have been increased by the means adopted to curtail it. We venture to say that Geo. ,7 - ■. !32 00 '777'.!... .5 oo “ toonesdetren. com Brubaker could never have secured the nomination for District Attorney under the old delegate system. The wishes of the membersoftheßarwould have been respected, and some one not so notori ously unfit would have been selected to fill that important position. We do not wonder that there are murmurs of discontent in the Republi can party of Lancaster county. It is not surprising that numbers of honest men in the organization are disgusted. We hear them complain every day, but we know that their protests will amount to nothing. They lack the courage and tho independence of character which is necessary to enable them to inaugurate a reform. Their feeble wills present no obstacle to the tide of corruption which Bweeps on unchecked. Now and then we hear a faint note of protest from some one of the Radical newspapers of the county, but the belief prevails gen erally throughout the party that these spasmodic sputterings about reform are only called forth by discontent in refer ence to matters in which the editors have a personal or pecuniary interest. The masses of the county have no be lief in the honesty of tho newspapers to which they subscribe. If they had any confidence in those which profess to be independent, such articles as the fol lowing from the Columbia Spy would not fall upon unheeding ears. In its last issue that paper says : The Republicans of Lancaster county tiro a patient kind of people, who have submit ted for many years past to the most glaring impositions by some of tho most corrupt politicians. By fraud and falsehood, un scrupulous men who have made politics h i mile, and bartered office and patronage for monoy, have tnkon lrom tliohouest tux payers the control of their own political in terests mid placed at every avenue to offi cial position a corrupt ring or clique whose continual cry is money! money!! mo ney !!! No man, no matter how popular, competentordeserving, can reach a positiou unless he precedes his approach with green backs, and conciliates the leaders by yield ing tho required amount to their demand. Kvory aspirant must run the gauutlet of tho rings and cliques, and submit to be lloeced and stripped of more than tbo emol uments of ollice if he would bo successful. Hence, honest men will not encounter tho disunion of such a conflict, and the field is left to those who will bribe and be bribed. A seat in the Legislature, is. legally worth Shone a year and mileage, and no more; but wo know that some realize from ten to twenty thousand dollars. They of course can nthird, and do spend thousands of dol lars to be elected. Tit at every word of the above article is line thousands of Republicans through out Lancaster county will at once ad mit. But their knowledge of the cor ruption which exists in the party will not change their course of action. They will go on jumping just when their local leaders leap, as foolish sheep in stinctively follow the motions of the old bell-wether of the flock no matter how silly they may be. There is no inde pendence of spirit in the Radical masseß of Lancaster county. The bulk of them will continue to he made the dupes and tools of a set of corrupt and designing politicians. We have no hope of any reformation. The musters of the “ring” will continue to drive the sheepish masses just where they please. There may he spasmodic mutterings of dis content here and there, and an occa sional newspaper article like the one we have copied may create a slight ripple on the lake of profound stupidity in which the Old Guard is ingulfed; but the Rip Van Wiuklcs of Lancaster county wijl sleep, undisturbed as the oxen which repose in quiet on their rich pasture lands. It is not hard to control such a population, and we do not won der that political corruption stalks abroad among them without being re buked. Another of (i rant's blunders, Mr. Grant is a very buugliug writer. He knows no language except one, and seems to he utterly incapable ofexpress ing himself intelligibly in that. The mistakes which have appeared over his signature since he was inaugurated have excited much ridicule. Now comes another of the same sort. In his Eight Hour Proclamation he says there shall ho no reduction of wages “from aud after this date, or the date of May Hist, Ison.” That leaves the workingmen just as they were under Attorney Gen eral Hoar’s interpretation of the : law, and they can only receive ! pay fur eight hours' work. The 1 President's proclamation does not do ! away with the ordep of the Secretary I which was issued in March last; itonly relates hack to May Hist. Mr. Grant j will, therefore, be compelled to issue 1 another proclamation supplementary to : and amendatory of the original. By the j tin:* the American people get through ; with four years of Mr. Grant we have , no doubt they will he convinced that it requires some brains to make a respect -1 able President. The Union League of Philadelphia dined and wilted the negro Minister to i layti the other evening. A promiscu ous assemblage of whites and blacks sat down ton splendid dinner. The frater nization of the races was complete, and the leaders of the Republican party in Philadelphia could scarcely find words sufliciently strong to express their ad miration of their dusky compeers. The poet of the League recited an ode, which fairly glowed with the rich im agery that distinguishes the writings of the advocates of miscegenation. The darkeys were greatly elated and their white associates scarcely less so. No body went home until morning. Thk appointment of a number of negroes to offices lias turned the heads of half the colored barbers and waiters and whilewashors in the North. The White House is besieged by them, and they are almost as importunate in their demands for ofllce as Mrs. Dr. Walker. Jt is said that the Steward of the Presi dential Mansion has ordered a large sup ply of deodorizers to purify the atmos phere, while Grant is actually impair ing his health seriously by pulling very high flavored segars to keep down the musky smell which pervades the rooms. He Intends shortly to seek relief in numerous and varied excursions throughout the country. Now the Connecticut people are In tribulation. It is officially reported that “the relative number of children" in that State has been decreasing for forty years.” The subject of the decrease in the number and size of shad in their river bothers them the most, though. The Judiciary of Virginia to be De graded. Every step taken by Congress in refer- ence to the Southern States has been directed by a desire to ensure the con tinuance of the Radical party in power. The good of the nation, the material interests of the country, and the well being of the people of both sections have all been disregarded. One wretch ed device after another has been tried in the States which engaged in rebel lion. The same system has not been applied to all of them, but a set of mer cenary scalywags and office-seeking carpet-baggers has been allowed full sway in each of them. Congress has stood ready at all times to back up the most infamous measures which gangs of desperate, disreputable and impecuni ous adventurers might devise, to estab lish and maintain themselves in offices which they are utterly unfit to fill. The State Constitution, framed by mixed assemblages of mean whites and ignor ant negroes, have differed according to the vagaries of their ignorant framers; but they have all agreed in this, that they have been constructed with es pecial and almost exclusive reference to the continuance of all political power in the hands of those who are least fit to exercise it. In some States all officers have been made elective by the people, but in others the most extensive appointing power has been given to the Legisla ture. In Virginia the Radicals found that Judges were elected by the people, and a purer and more conscientious Ju diciary did not exist anywhere than that ; possessed by this State before tho war. No man’s cause was delayed and im partial justice was meted out. But now comes up for adoption or rejection the constitution which was framed by the Radicals. Retrograding from the ideas which they have clamored for so loudly at home, the carpet-baggers who con trolled the constitutional convention, limited the power of the people and made many offices, which had hitherto been elective, the subjects of legislative appointment. The new State Constitution, which is now before the people of Virginia for adoption or rejection, provides that all Judges and many other officers shall be appointed by the Legislature. The ob ject of this retrograde movement is seen at once when we look at other provis- ions of the instrument. It contains a moststringent disfranchisement clause, which its framers fully expected to see adopted and enforced. Should that be done a large proportion of tbe intelli gent property holders of the State will be deprived of all voice in its pub lic affairs, aud the control be given up to carpet-baggers, scalywags and the negroes whom they control through the agency of oath-bound Union Leagues. The State has been so cut up in the formation of Legislative Dis tricts as to give undue representation to those sections in which the negroes most abound. This has been done for tho express purpose of insuring tbe election of a Radical majority. The carpet-baggers having learned how to gerrymander States from the Radicals of Pennsylvania and other Northern States have adopted tbe system in the South, aud aro prepared to push it to its most repulsive extreme. The submission of the disfranchise ment clause of the new Constitution to a separate vote may save the good peo ple of Virginia from some of the inflic tions which the Radicals haveprepured for them, but the negroes arc already anticipating the new order of allairs which the carpet-baggers and scalywags hope to inaugurate. At the African Republican State Convention, which was held in Richmond tho other day, a resolution was unanimously adopted urging Gen. Cauby, the present Mili tary Governor, to "yh'c colored men rcpr<.satiation upon the benches oj the Courts.” Tho ignorant negroes have been flattered into the belief that they aro entitled to representation in all official positions, aud led to expect the abolition of all distinctions between the two races. It is safe to say that there is not a single negro in the whole State of Vir ginia who is tit to occupy any judicial position, But fitness would never be considered hy such men as would com pose the .Radical majority of a Legis lature elected under the proposed sys tem. They would he ready to pander to every demand of the negroes, in order lhat they might maintain their control over them. Not a single while Radical can he elected in the Stale except it he done hy negro votes. All such will owe their seats entirely to a negro constitu ency. Is it to be supposed lhat the base creatures who pander to the blacks for their votes,would for a moment hesitate to accede to every demand which their sable constituents might make upon them? Not they. They would thrust the most ignorant and degraded Jield hand upon the bench of the Supreme Court, if by so doing they could further their own selfish designs. The carpet baggers and scalywags noth ing except their own personal in terests. Of all the political adven urers with whom the country has been to much cursed of late years, they are the meanest and the most mercenary. Bhould the Radicals obtain a majority in the Legislature of Yiigima wo may confidently expect the Judiciary of the State to he degraded, and to see ignorant, thick-headed negroes, who have never heard of Blackstone, occupying the seats made illustrious hy the great law yers of that grand old Commonwealth. History ol the !9tk We'publish to-day the history of the 79th, as it will appear in the second volume of the History of Pennsylvania Volunteers, now being printed. It will be read with great interest by many in this city and county. When complete the work will contain an accurate tabu lar statement of the date of enlistment, period of service, &c., of every man con nected with this gallant regiment. Our Western Railroad Connections. All the newspapers of the State ap prove the recent consolidation of the Pennsylvania Central with the Port Wayne and Chicago Railroad. The event is unquestionably one of prime importance. It gives to one of our lead ing railroads control of a vast amount of business which it could not otherwise obtain, and will shortly enable it to make a great reduction in local freights. The people aloug the line of the road and the whole population of the State will be benwlitteil by this improvement in our railroad connections with the great West. The National Executive Committee of the Union League met in New York City the other day, Hans Geary in the chair. The principal subject discussed was the pending elections in the South, and measures were taken to raise money to bribe negroes to support the Radical candidates. Geary • intimated that he would need a great deal of money to en able him to come within thirty thou sand votes of being elected this fall. It was admitted that the prospect in the South was very gloomy, and that iD Pennsylvania still worse. Many Radical newspapers are crying out for the annexation of Cuba,'Canada, Mexico, San Domingo aud other frag ments of real estate on diffierents part of the continent. In the midst of this con fusion a seemingly sensible people have ventured to suggest the propriety of re annexing the Southern section of the United States, hut the Radicals “can’t see It.” Mr. Ulysses S. Grant has Just re ceived a caskof superior California wine by express over the Pacific Railroad. What will he do with it? He don’t drink, you know. The Alabama Difficulty. Some of the lawyers in Washington remind the President, in discussing the Alabama Claims, that one of the most difficult points is the fact that theU. S. Supreme Court recognized the belliger ency of the South seventeen days before the Queen’s proclamation was issued, and so far at least as Spain is concerned, we are on record on our diplomatic correspondence as thanking that coun try for not having given more substan tial aidand countenance to the rebellion In this connection, some facts need remembrance and restatement, and they are condensed as follows : When Sumpter was bombarded, and Jefferson Davis issued a proclamation speaking of issuing of letters of marque and of reprisals, Mr. Lincoln issued his proc lamation declaring that such letters of marque would be considered as piracy. Queen Victoria then issued her procla mation of neutrality, declaring against all who Bhould violate the provisions of the neutrality act, and Lord John Rus sell announced to Parliament that the Southern States must be treated as bel* ligerents. May Oth, Lord Russell wrote to LordLyonscallingthisstateofthiugs “ civil war,” and this is assumed to be an unfriendly judgment; but the ques tion was not what-, the Uaited States called “war,” but what neutrals should call it. What then is belligerency?— and was Lincoln’s blockade a pacific blockade. The declaration of belliger ency is a declaration of facts, and more difficult to decide in case of civil war than in other wars. A recognition of belligerency in a civil war may convey moral support and encouragement to one party. The necessity is to so guide the subjects of the neutral issuing a proclamation, that such proclamation may release the parent State from the acts of insurgents. The declaration of belligerency shields foreign subjects, and relieves from a responsibility inci dent to privateers. Such a declaration also declares to all citizens that war ex ists,, and that the Foreign Enlistment act goes into force. French and American Despotism; The Radical assaults upon the mili tary government aud despotism of France sound very singular indeed when we look at the military govern ments and despotisms which they have established in the Southern States. The whole French system is one of popular repression, and the whole Radical sys tem in non-reconstructed States and in States reconstructed, after the fashion of Tennessee, Georgia, Louisiana and Alabama, is the same. Radical preach, ing against French aggressions is like the rebuking of sin by Satan. If the Radicals were not stone blind, they would contrive somehow to see and feel their own infirmities and de formities. They are gradually estab lishing an imperial power among us— see an imperialist journal progressing in their midst. They have become the advocates of suicide to the States, as in Spinner's programme; have revived their war upon State currency,—see Boutwell’s letter on National Banks; have witnessed the advocates of an American Empire prosperous in our midst; have given minorities of the people more power than majorities, and made ouc branch of the Government supreme over the other two. All these events are seen in our midst, and they will endure just us long us Radical Government endures, and perhaps too long ever to restore the spirit of the Union established by our fathers. A Reminiscence of the State Treasurer. The Pittsburg Comm< rciul , one of the staunchest Radical papers in the fctate, lias been moved to indignation by the method in which Republican State Treasurers have been managing tbe revenues of the Commonwealth. Il re' lates the following incident as being il lustrative of the matter in issue: We have an incident of tin* State corrup tion fund—the “unexpended balance’’ in the hands of the State Treasurer. It occur red some years ago, hm whether under Democratic or Republican rule we are not positive, hut think it was during tho ad ministration of a Republican Treasurer. Among the members was a devoted advo cate of the Treasurer, whom it was deemod advisable to pen-don lor services. The State Treasurer placed twenty live thousand dol . lurs of the States funds in the hands ot this AsM-mb!vrnati. This money the member ; put in a ceriain bank, subject to the order ; of the Harri-burg ollieiul, nud received from the bank for its use live per cent, or twelve hundred and fifty dollars a year. This was a ivmfor'able'arningement all around, for the bank, the State Treasurer and the lumber. L shows, the uses to which the fund* of the State may bo di verted by unscrupulous ollicials. We do not cite it for tbe purpose of throwing any reflections upon individuals, but merely us an argument to demonstrate to the Commis sioners of the Sinking Fund the necessity of keeping the balance down in the State Treasury. The Slate—the people—the lux payers should lmve the benefit of the inter est on tin* “unexpended balance," and not the politicians. The above furnishes serious subject for comment during the coming cam paign, in view of the fact that the late Radical Legislature refused to amend tbe law under which such iniquities have grown up. The Hariiaburg &(<itc Guard, Gover nor Geary’s organ, complains bitterly because the negroes of that city were not invited to join in the procession of those who decorutcd the graves of the soldiers. This eager desire to break down all distinctions between the two races finds no response in the hearts of the white masses of the North, yet ev ery Radical newspaper keeps up an outcry about it. The leaders of the party see that they must break down the last barrier between blacks and whites, if they are to control the negro vote. Hence the persistent outcry. The New York Tribune lias a letter from a special correspondent who sailed with a lillihusteriiig expedition to Cuba. According to the writer four hundred and fifty men, with ten pieces of artil lery and small arms and amunition for five thousand men were successfully landed on the island. The ship sailed from New York. Are we not bound to prevent the departure of such expedi tions? Will not our acquiescence close our mouths in reference to the Alabama claims? These arc questions which should receive the serious consideration of,Mr. Grant and his Cabinet. Tin: New York Tribune maki s the grievous complaint lhat “some forty freedmeu’s schools have been closed in Maryland because the teachers could not fiud homes with the white people. Could notthoy carry their ideas of social equality’ no far as to take hoard with the negroes, or are they so deeply imbued with the prejudice of caste that they would rather leave the poor African uuiustructed than to consort with him ? Our Radical friends should be consistent on this subject. The women are going to Washington with a monster petition at the opening of the next Congress, and mean to in vade the House with it, and present it in their own proper persons. The pe tition will claim for them the right of suffrage. They will make it a strong point that they aro better entitled to the ballot than the negro. The Springfield llcjmblican is slightly disgusted with the rush of negroes for office. It says: “ There Is just now u little tendency ut Washington io overdo the negro nnd give him places because ho is black, uud not be cause he Is lilted for the work ho seeks." Sensible talk for a Radical newspaper. Wendell Phillips wants working men to strangle Republicanism with one hand aud Democracy with the other. They will have to follow the first part of his advice, or become serfs. In the Court of Common Peirce has pronounced an ©pinion pre pared by Judge Allison, sustaining the 27 section of the Registry7"which pro hibits the assessment of inmates of ho tels, taverns and sailor boar ding houses. THE POLITICAL SITUATION IN TEN- 2VESSEE. Editorial Votes. There are many poor people in Eastern Tennessee, large cambers of that class of Southern whites who were once described on the floor of Congress as a population which “ ekes ont a precarious existence by hunting, fishing and doing odd jobs.” They live in one-story log houses of rude con struction, and seem to enjoy few of the comforts of life. These structures abound throughout Hawkins county. There is scarcely a farm which has not more or less of them located upon it, and we found about a dozen on a single tract which we exam ined. The proprietor was a liberal gentle man, and it was said of him that he could never refuse the privilege of a home to any poor man who asked for the right to build upon his land. Many of these people have a horse or two with which they put in small crops “on the shares,” a cow or two sub sisting ou the natural pasturage of the woods, and some hogs which lively rooting through the summer and grow fat in the fall on the mast and a little corn. It is so easy a matter to make a bare living in Eastern Tennessee—the mere necessaries ol life are provided with so little toil that habits of indolence are readily superinduced. He who owns a log cabin with a roof which will turn the raio, and has an acre or two of ground which he can cultivate in vege tables, is placed iu such a position that a few days of extra labor will produce all else which be and his family need to sustain life. There are comparatively few small landholders. Tbs farms are large, and it is not an uncommon thing for one man to own thousandsofacres. Themansion house is generally eligibly located, and on out of the way nooks and corners of the estate are found the homes of the squatters. Still the poorest men who lived rent free on the land of another were never mere dependents. There was, and still is, more independence of feeling and character among this class than cau be found among the farm bands Of Lancaster county. In politics tbe poor white man held stoutly his own opinions and voted as ho pleased. To interfere in any way with his spirit of independence was regarded as ungentlemanly on the part of the land owner, and to submit to it a degradation on the part of the voter. Tbe mass of the poor whites have had compara tively limited opportunities for education in school, but he who would infer that they are either stupid or ignorant would find himself much mistaken. In our conversa tions whb them we found them sagacious, ! and more than ordinarily thoughtful. Their habits of life seem to develop the reflective ; faculties, and they evidently think more for themselves than the mass of working men in the rich agricultural sections of '/Pennsylvania. They are said to bo very i sharp at a bargain, and able to take good caro of their own interests. They are a healthy and vigorous race of peoplo, and it is evident that tbe crime of infanticide which is depopulating New England, is not practiced by them. We saw many.fine specimens of physical manhood among them, and noticed anumber of well-formed and bright-eyed maidens planting corn and engaged in other light agricultural labor. Many of tbe farmers of this section have dispensed with negro labor entirely since tbe war. Good and reliable white men can be hired at very reasonable rates. The time will come before long when this class of people will become small landholders, and they will yet build up East Tennessee and make it one of tbe richest agricultural re gions of the world. Tlicro are no manufactories of any im portance in the rural districts of East Ten nessee. There is hut one woolen mill in Ilmvkins county. That is a good one, how ever, and with a ilour mill is owned by a gentleman named David Kirkpatrick. lie was a strong Union inan throughout the war, lost heavily, anil gave away great quantities of Hour to poor Union people, women ami children, whoso natural pro tectors were either serving as unwilling conscripts m iho rebel army, as volunteers in the .Federal army, or hiding in the mountains, Yet Mr. Kirkpatrick is now a strong Conservative, and n bitter hater of the Radical faction which is ruining and disgracing his native State. In a ride through his neighborhood, we found tho original and well-tried Union people of substance, those who had suffered and lost by the war, of a similar way of thinking. Wo only saw or heard of a single white man, of any means or character, in all that part of Hawkins county, who was a Radi cal. • There were comparatively few original secessionists in East Tennessee. Both po litical parties were led by men who were strongly attached to the Union, and bitterly opposed to the movements of the “lire eau rs " of the Cotton Stales. Andrew John son was recognized as a leader by the Demo crats, and Col. John Netherlaud, of Rogers villa, who ran for Governor against Isham G. Harris, was a leadlug representative of the Whig party. With them stood "Old Tom. Nelson,” as he is familiarly called, and other prominent men of both political parlies. The coming of the war conse quently found tho people of East Tennessee much divided in sentiment. It is safe to say that a very largo majority were at first strongly opposed to the programme of the secession leaders. Many eventually took the side of the South, who could not have been induced to do so, if the action of Mr. Lincoln’s administration had been so con ducted as to luster and encourage the strong attachment to tho Union which originally existed. That the war might liavo been ended in one-lialf the time, and at a cost of less Ilian half the blood and treasure which was expended, is tho opinion of tin* most sagacious and reliablo men of tho South* The rebel armies derived much of their best material from the ranks of the original Union men, and they proved to be tho staunchest and most enduring soldiers. Of the original Union men of East Tennessee a large majority stood steadfastly to their principles throughout the war, but there nre very few among them who aro not now bitterly hostile to tho Radical party. When Andrew Johnson returned home, after the inauguration of Mr. Lincoln and tho adjournment of Congress, ho at once took the stump and at the peril of bis fife exhorted the masses of East Tennessee to stand firmly by the Union A gentleman who witnessed the scene described to us a meeting which was hold in Kcgersville at* that time. Tho announcement tbut An* drew Johnson and Thomas Nelson would speak for tho Union had gone abroad, and the hardy mountaineers tuYned out by thousands to hear these champions of a cau=e which they regarded as sacred. The young bloods of Rugoraville and vicinity were busy forming a company for the rebel army, and threats had been made that neither Johnson nor Nelson should speak there. The hour for the meeting came, and the Court House was crowded, while mul titudes were unable to obtain admission. I The meeting was organized amidst much confusion, the young men who had furmed themselves into a coofcduralo company creating considerable disturbance. Old Turn Nelson, who was announced to speak first, commenced by ..saying that ho was ulwuys ready to defer lo public opinion* and. he proposed to take tho sense of the nudieneu as to whether he should address them. The question was decided hy the Union men present withdrawing to one side of llie hall, leaving the rebels on the other. The audionco was shown to be over whelmingly with the speakers, and there was no further disturbance, though a son of Judgo Nelson stood behind his father while he was speaking with a revolver in his hand. Mr. Nelson was attentively lis tened to, but It was not until Johnson took tho stand that the audience was fully aroused. After urguing the questions pre sented, in the forcible manner of his great speech In the U. S. Senate, Mr. Johnson proceeded to address himself to the feelings of his audience. Tho effect of his words upon that assemblage is said to have been a-thing long to be remembered. He painted the horrors of the war,upon which the country was then just entering, In such colors of truthfuljterror as to make the stout est hearts quail and tho most resolute shrink from the .bloody picture. Ho esti mated the magnitude of the struggle aright, and did not indulge In uuy silly predictions such as Seward and other fool ish people In the North made. Ho told his bearers that it would be a long, fierce and unrelenting contost, which would involve all presont In its whirlpool of blood and passion. He prophesied that Union men would bo roused from their slumbers at midnight,by tho rude battering of the butt ends of hostile muskets against ithe doors of their hitherto peaceful homes, that they would bo dragged as unwil ling conscripts into the rebel army, or be forced to fiee to the caverns of the moun tains for concealment. His audience lis tened In wonder to his utterances and they could scarcely credit his predictions. Yet* when he urged them, in that resistlessly strong' language which he knowff\well how to employ, to stand firmly by the old flag and the Union at the risk of life itself, the answering cheers »ld how deeply his words had sunk into their hearts. To Andrew Johnson and the men who'acted in’concert with him was due that division of sentiment.which sent more than thirty thousand hardy soldiers from East Tennessee into the Union armies, and many more from the same class of popula tion in Western North Carolina. Had Andrew Johnson, and Judge Nelson, and Col. John Netherland,and a few such men, sided with secession, the people of this section would have become a unit, as they were in many other parts of the South, and tho task of conquering the rebellion would havebeen rendered infinitely more'difficult, if it had not been made impossible. This division of sentiment was a great source of weakness to the confederacy. It gave to the Federal armies victories in the South west which they could never other wise have achieved, enabled them to hold the country and eventually ■ opened the way for Sherman’s march to tho sea. When an impartial his tory of the rebellion comes to be written, the value of the services rendered to the j Union cause by the class of men we have mentioned will be properly estimated. The war did not end in Tennessee with the surrender of the rebel armies. The bitterest feuds had been excited during its progress, and in numerous instances the vengeful feelings of parties who had real or fancied grievances to redress, led to scenes of a revolting character. The robe) portion of the population of Kast Tennes see were left in an almost completely de fenceless condition, and numbers of them wore shot down at their homes and else where. In Rogersville, there nourished for some time after the close of the war a desperado named Bill Sizemore, who killed no less than eighteen men in cold blood. One morning he shot three ex-rcbeis down in the open street in front of the Post Ofhce door. Ho bad voluntarily joined the rebel army at the breaking out of the rebellion, but afterward deserted and became a sort of Federal scout, with a roving commission and the rank of Captain, lie was a thief and a coward, but, as such characters often are, was a bully when there was no danger. For months there was a virtual suspen sion of law in Kast Tennessee, and this fellcw Sizemore, and others like him, glutted their vengeful passions without restraint. Sizemore at last met the fate he deserved, having his brains blown out in front of the Court House door by a Federal soldier named Willis, a man who had re ally seen hard service in tho army. Willis had a personal quarrel to settle with Size more, and he pretended to be very drunk until he was almost in contact with his in tended victim, when ho suddenly present ed a pistol and blew his brains out. Not satisfied with this, be fired several balls into his body after be fell, and then, per fectly sober aud completely self-possessed, he walked about the public square with several pistols ou bis body. N*o one at tempted to molest him. Tho Sheriff of the county did call upon some of the bystanders to help him arrest;Willis, aud among othet s on tho gentleman who gave us the facts we have related, a perfectly reliable man, who had served honorably as an otlicer in the Union army. Ho told the Sheriff to go ahead and he would follow him, but tho ollicer of tho law considered the chances of getting off uuhurt very doubtful, and quietly subsided. Tho body of Sizemore lay where it fell for several hours before any one attempted to remove it, and the hogs rooted it about and ate the blood and brains of the murderous wretch. Willis and iiia brother, who had also been in the Federal anny, afterwards tied up a couplo of fellows who wereslealing promiscuously and Hogged them, having stripped them to tho baro back. They also served a sis ter of tho parties in the same way. The two moil whom tho Willis brothers thus punished had boen in tho Federal anny. One of them afterward shot the Willis who killed Sizemore and lied to parts unknown. These are only samples of the lawlessness which prevailed in Kast Tennessee for months after the war ended, but the bloody deeds which were thus committed were perpetrated by a few villains who warred among themselves until they killed one an other. Tho peaceable people of property were not involved in these feuds, and for more than two years there has been no more orderly community than is to be found in the very districts where the scenes which we have mentioned occurred. With the ending of the war the property holders (f Kast Tennessee forgot their dif ferences, and old ties of friendship and now bonds of interest speedily eradicated the animosities which civil strifo had engen dered. The result is that thero is a marked agreement in sentiment among the intelli gent men and tho property holders of Kast Tennessee. They are almost a unit against tho Radical faction which is ruiuiug the State. Tho present political situation in Tenues- 1 see would bo an interesting study did not ; tho details excito so much indignation and ; disgust. The present form of government 1 was organized under a special act of Con- : gress, and laws were passed which enfran chised the negroes and disfranchised nil the whites who hud in any way given aid or comfort to tho rebellion. Under thissystotn tho voting population of the State was divid ed about as follows : Knfranchised whites, 00,000; enfranchised negroes, JO,OOO ; dis franchised whites, 110,000. Theoufranchtsed 90,000 are now divided about as follows : Radical whites, 2.'>,000; Radical negroes, JO,000; Conservative Union men, ;r»,000. That we were assured by a prom i non LUn ion man is tho actual numerical status of parties at present. As we have -aid, it is a very raro thing to find a man of respecta bility and intelligence in Eastern Tennes see who sides with the Radicals. Here and there one can bo found who is an exception. Wo tnelj but a single man of any pr. p erty or Character in Hawkins county who was a Radicul, and wo conversed with many who had been substantial Union men throughout tbo war, and who had n<c •• u pled to risk property and life forth i .uin ciples. It is safe to say that a lure-- n ;-:nv of.the real soldiers who went in .*i J-. -• Tennessee into the Union army are sin mg!/ Conservative. Wo met numbers of them who occupied that position, and they were most bitter in their denunciation oi Brown low, Stokes, Sonter uud the wholo crow of mercenary wretches who aro preying upon the Slate. The ex-rebels showed a spirit of greater palieuce than the Conservative Union men. They seemed to regard the wretched condition of the State as tbo legiti mate result of Radical rule, and ns some thing for which they were not respoiiMbh*. The Union men felt disgraced by the relfi-c -lion that the wretched condition of affairs which exists should have boon inaugurated and sustained by that party, to aid which, they had made so many ami such great sacrifices. The Radical Jaetion which rules in Ten* nessee is made up of a conglomeration of the basest materials. The men who lead it are, almost without exception, despicablo scalywags and wretched carpet-bag ndven turers. Brownlow never bad any social or political standing in tho .State before the war. The Whigs with whom ho acted de spised him. His scurrilous paper had a very limited circulation, and ho was barely able to make a living by it. He owned.no property except tbe small amount of print ing material with wbicb bo managed to is sue bis filthy sheet. Docent Wbigs would not let the fjpul thing come into their bouses. We talked with a number of prominent gentlemen who had been Oid Liub Whigs, and who were strong Union men through out tbe war, and they all agreed in declar ing that Brownlow bad always been utterly destitute of character and political inllu ence before the war. They very natur ally regarded it as a disgraco thnt Ten nessee should bo represented in tbe Senate of tbe United States by the foul mouthed old wretch,who has used his posi« tlon os Governor to enrich himself and a party of tho worst and meanest men now living. Brownlow and bis friends bayo stolen everything they could lay hands on ; even tho school-fund has been gobbled up by Jthe Radical cormorants. Never were any people cursed with so wrotched a gov ernment as that under which Tennessee has groaned since tho war. Those States which were kept under martial law w'ere very for tunate in comparison, and the bulk of tho white Union men of Tennessee, and all tho ex-rebels would gladly have accepted mili tary rule as a relief from the despicablo system of government to which thoy havo been forced to submit. The indignutlou and disgnst of the Union mou Is most strongly expressed. Thoy speak out freely, while the rebel element is more quiet. Brownlow and his gang have exercised absolute domination in Tennessee ever since the war closed, in the spring of 1865. Under the laws passed by the Legislature, he was, to all intents and purposes, invest ed with the powers of a supreme and irre sponsible Dictator. No man could vote or hold office to whom he was opposed. He appointed the Kegistrars of Election, and they could strike from the list of voters any name they pleased, and there was no re dress for citizens who were thus summar ily disfranchised. If he conceived that any Registrar sufficiently unscru pulous to satisfy his purposes, he at once dismissed him and appointed a more pliant rascal in his place. He could order a new election to be held in any county from which returns came that did not suit him, or could declare tho election void and treat it as if it had never occurred. The carpet- bagger Senter inherits this power, and there is no doubt that he will uso it in the pend ing gubernatorial campaign. Stokes and his supporters are likely to feel the hot end of the poker which they hoatea. Senter is backed up by Brownlow, and he and his faction will not be put down without a desperate struggle. Sonter has the great advantage of being able to appoint whom he pleases as Registrars, and they will of course manipulate the vote to suit the pur poses of their master. He who wishes to learn the true character of the Radical par ty in Tennessee, to be assured of its utter baseness, need do nothing more than read the published reports of what was said and done in the State Convention which recent ly assembled to nominate a candidate for Governor. The crowds which used to gather in Kit Burns’ dog pit from the purlieus of New York city were respectable and well behaved in comparison. Nover was such a scene of rowdyism, of drunkenness, and of blasphemy* witnessed in this country. The low passions of the scallywags, the carpet baggers and the negroes who have ruled and plundered Tennessee had full swing in a scene which would havobcen regarded as a iirst-elass performance in pandemo nium. Itjis not strange that the Convention broke up in a row without making any nomination. The quarrels of the Radicals of Tennessee over the spoils has been grow ing in intensity for several years, and the disgiaceful tight over tho Governorship was only a culmination of the content- The leaders of the different factions are alike destitute of principle. Their only aim is the plunder of the public treasury, and the despoliation of the State. It matters not which may win. The State will bo equally cursed under the rule of Senior or Stoko3. The Conservative men of the State had re solved not to run a candidate for Governor. What they'may conclude to .do uuder ex isting circumstances remains to be seen. How long would the people of any North ern State enduro the wrongs which have been indicted upon the wbitos of Tennes see? Would Pennsylvanians submit fora ! single year to tho outrages which Tonnes j seeans have borne with quiescence ? : Suppose live-sixths of tho white men of this ! State should be disfranchised, and ull po i iitical power be giyen to the negroes and a | small minority of carpet-baggers and im ; peeunious and disreputable 4 native whites, I would tho majority here submit quietly as ! they have done in Tennessee? Not they, j Wo know the people of this £stato too well ito believe that. The life of any man who I should lead in such usurpation would not Ibe safe for an hour. Wo would have, not [ another Buckshot war, but such a short, ! sharp and bloody contest as would set an : example for all coming time. The people i of Tennessee, the Union men and the ex ■ rebels have been alike outraged, but they . have-quietly submitted because theyjudged | that any outbreak would only be misinter -1 preted and taken advantagoof by the Rad : icals in Congress. Had tho people of tho j North known.the true conditiou of affairs, l they would have applauded and aided any : movement by which the harpies, who have j preyed upon tho State, might have been hurled from power. They would have said ! well done, to those who might have swept j Brownlow and his whole gang of robbers i off the face of tho earth. Tho people of j Tennessee have chosen to bear their irmu j merablo trusting that lime \ and reason would make all right, and they I will reap the reward of their unmatched ; endurance before long. Tha Registry law j of the State is now under consideration by j tho Supremo Court of tho United States, i and it is confidently expected that it will be pronounced unconstitutional ; but, oven i if it should not, there is nothing which can i keep the Conservative white people of the State from speedily obtaining tho con trol which rightly belongs to them by virtue both of numbers and intelligence, i That the infamous gang of reprobates, who constitute the leaders of theliadical.fuc tions in Tennessee can in power is utterly impossible. Kven if they pos* i sensed some decency they could not do so, j but they have made themselves so utterly detestable and havo so completely alienated j the respectable Union men of tho entire State that their downfall must como very speedily. The conservative citizens of tho i Stato number four-fifths of tho white popu ! lation and represents at least nineteen. ; twentieths of its wealth. Bower must ! speedily ruyert to tho intelligent and prop ! erty-holding masses. ] In the coming final struggle Andrew Johnson will bo a most prominent actor. He may not make speeches just suited to a Northern audience, but when ho goes out into tho mountains of Kast Tennessee, the masses to whom he appealed so success ' fully ut the breaking out of the rebellion will all pour out to hoar lum; and, as he recalls the scenes of uliior days his great power will again bo fully felt. It is tho universal testimony of Whigs and Demo crats that Mr. Johnson Is tho most effective stump speaker that ever addressed tho peo ple of Kast Tennessee. His peculiar powers wore umply illustrated in bis contest with John Bell for the Governorship, when they met on tho sumo stump. Counties which lmd always been staunchly Whig woro swept from their political moorings und carried down tho current by tho force of Andrew Johnson’s personal strength and his resistless appeals to tho masses. .That ho will be returned to tho United States Senate, if ho lives, we regard as absolutely certain; and judging by his present appeurunce he is not likely to dio soon. Ho is ovidcntly in robust heaUb, and bears no marks of 'issipation or diseaso on his person. The K ulicals circulated the story industriously that he was a druukard, but it was a base falsehood. Ho has nover been addicted to tho habitual uso of intoxicating liquors, and Grant has boon drunk twenty limes to Johnson’s once. Tho return of Andrew Johnson to the U. S. Senate is a piece of retributive justice which the future lias in store for those who persecuted him so bit terly ; and ourobsorvation of affairs in Tep nesseo convinces us that it is by no means a remote event. The “Deccncy.Fartjr.” At the late Radical State Convention in Tennessee, while in the midst of the session, Mr. David Nelson* itad a fisti cuil* light with one of the three Chair men (Congressman Butler.) Pistols and knives were drawn by the friends of the respective parlies, and had it not been for the active interference of the police, there would have been a general melee, wiili a great loss of life. Both Nelson and Butler were arrested. As a specimen of the elegance of the Convention, take the following, from the speech of Captain Hathaway, of militia fame, in reply to Colonel Brown low. He said: “ Don’t say any more of your G—d d—d stuff. If you wunt mo to fight, by G—d. Fin in. If nothing else will do you. and you must have a d —d robel, put N, B. Forrest in nomination, and vote for him in spite of hell. By G—d, men, I want it distinctly understood that I’ve got a milt in me big enough to wrap twice around my body, and tio in a knot behind my buck, with theends lapping down upon tho calves of uiy legs ; and G—d d—n me to bell if I can bo howled down by any set of men.” This is one of the representatives of what calls itself the “decency part^r.” Through to Chicago, Tho Pennsylvania Central is tho first railroad in the country to make a through connection from the seaboard to Chicago. A lease of tbe Port Wayne and Chicago road has been perfected and signed by tho directors of both companies. Its terras are mutually ad vantageous, and as Pennsylvanians we aro disposed to rejoice at the success of ouo of our greatest railroads. There is ami call be no antagonism between the and such institutions when they aro properly managed, as the Pennsyl vania Central is. Mit. Ulysses 8. Grant’s sister Jen nie married a widower with an unlim* ited number of children. Happy chil dren ! Ulstory of the Seventy-Kinth Bcglmcnt Pennsylvania Volunteers. * In the early part of August, 1861, Henry A. Hambright, of Lancaster, was author ized by the Secretary of War to recruit a regiment. With the exception of company D, which was recruited in Washington county, the companies were all raised in Lancaster county. As fast as organized they were sentto Camp Wilkins, near Pitts burg, and on the 11th of October the last ; company had arrived. The regimental or ganization was effected by the selection of the following field officers: Henry A. Ham bright, of Lancaster, Colonel; John 11. Duchman, of Lancaster, Lieutenant Colo nel ; William S. Mellinger, of Mononga hela City, Major. Thtromcers and most of the privates had served in the three months’ campaigu. Brigadier General James S. Negley was assigned to the command of the brigade composed of the Seventy-seveutb, Seventy-eighth nnd Seventy-ninth Penn sylvania Regiments, and en the afternoon of the 17th of October it left camp and \ marched to Allegheny City, where tbo State 1 colors were presented by Governor Cnrtin, ! who accompanied the presentation with u i stirring address. | On the following day the brigade marched ; through the city of Pittaburgund embarked upon a tleet of steamers bound for Louis ville, Kv. A short time bofore starting the deck of tho steamer Sir William Wallace, on which was a part of the Seventy-ninth, gave way with a tremendous crash, se riously injuring Adjutant C. R. Frniley, so much so that he never after returned to the regiment. Daniel Landis, of company B, and Daniel Clemens, Leader of the Baud, also suffered some injuries. Soon after iLs arrival, tho brigade proceeded by rail to Camp Novin, on Nolen Creek, and throe weeks later across the stream to Camp Nog ley. On tho 17th of December it moved south, and after some delay at Bacon Creek it continued the march to Camp Wood, near Munfordsviile, on the north bank of Green River. It was bore engaged in drilling, anti in picket, guard, and scout duty. U’pon the opening of the spring campaign, Geuerul A. M’Dowell M'Conk, lo whose division Negley's Brigade had been assign ed, was orderad to proceed north ria the (.‘bio River, and join Grant in his movement upon Forts Henry and Ihmelson. At I Bacon Creek the order was countermanded, | 1 and the division returned to Nashville. It i remained in camp near the city until the , 2ikh of Mareh, when the Seventy ninth was ' ordered to Columbia. Soon after its arrival ( a detachment under Captain Kendrick, of' company A, was sent out to repair the lines of telegraph between Colombia and Bulas- I ki. While busily engaged in this duty it was suddenly pounced upon by a squaii <>i ! Morgan’s Cavalry, and nearly the whole i party captured. As soon as intelligence | , reached htadquarlurs, four companies un der command of Major Meilmgor, a squad ron of cavalry, and a scctmu of atldiery, were dispatched in put-;ii:. When near Pulaski, the prisoners, who had been paroled, were met on t'ntr wav back to camp. Mellinger moved forward to the town, encountering a lew rebel pickets who lied rapidly as ho approached, and o a-upied it without opposition, lie was soon alter relieved bv Colonel Sirwcil of the Scvetity eighth and returned with his command to I‘camp. The Union forces in eastern and central Kentucky hud at lirst been under the com mand of’Gen. Anderson, of Fort Sumter lame-but subsequently under Gen. Sher man? The latter, upon being relieved at his own request, was superceded by Gen. Buell. F.arly in April tho main body of the army of tho Cumberland moved to Pittsburg Landing, to the support of Grant, but the Seventy-ninth was left as a guard upon the Nashville and Decatur Railroad. On the 10th of May Gen. Negley made no expedition to R-ulgersville, Tenn.. tho ad vance brigade consisting ot too Seventy- | eighth and Seventy-ninth Pennsylvania , Infantry, two battalions of cavalry and a , section of artillery, all under the command i of (Ml. Hambright. Tbe enemy was dis covered upon the opposite side of the river, 1 which is hereabout seven hundred yards wide. The brigade was hastily forme*], the Seventy-ninth in advance, and opened i tire. The enemy took shelter in some log huts standing along the shore, but were j driven out by a few well-directed shells. ! On the LUh the command moved on to wards Florence. Before starting, iqdetach meat of eighty men, under command of , Capt. Klein, of Company F, was sent down the river in boats for the purpose of captur ing and destroying rebel oralis and contra band property that they should llnd on the way. In passing tho Muscle Shoals, which extend ten or twelve miles, many uiflieul ties wore encountered, the bouts grounding and the men being compelled to leap into the water and work their way through as best they could. Nine boats were destroyed aud a rebel scout captured. From Florence the command returned again to Columbia. On the -Ulh of May, General Negley was ordered to proceed with an independent force consisting of infantry, cavalry, ami artillery across the mountains lo Chatta nooga. Colonel Hambright was now in command of the brigade which formed part of tho force, ami Major Mellinger of the reg iment. The enemy's pickets were lirst en countered at Waldon Ridge. They fell hack, as Negley advanced, upon their main body under command of General Adams, drawn up in lino of buttle ready to dispute the passage of Sweden’s Cove. Three com panies of the Seventy-ninth, under Captain < Kloin, were thrown forward us skirmishers, 1 which’scoured ihe hills ami brought in a ! few prisoners. Tho cavalry was hold under 1 cover in the timber, and tho artillery,which had been brought up and ! posted, opened lire. A few shells sent tho oneiny dying in confusion, when the cav alry emerging from tho woods, gave chase. Two miles out he was overtaken when n spirited skirmish ensued In which his loss was considerable. Without I'urtheropposi lion the command advanced, and arrived in front of Chattanooga on I bo 7th of Juno. Tho enemy was found on the opposite side of the river, well intrenched, closo to tho bunk, auil cm the summit of the hill over looking Ihe H’reum, and prepured with ar tillery to dispute the crossing, Hambrighl's • | Brigade was ordered forward to reconnoi . tro the ford. Syphor’s and Nell’s sections of artillery were brought into position, with • the Seventy-ninth in support, Company A, 1 Captain Benson, being thrown forward to • the river bank to act as sharpshooters and pick oil’ the enemy's gunners. Tho Filth • Kentucky Cavalry, Colonel Haggard, and tho Seventh Pennsylvania Cavalry, Major Wynkuop, were thrown to the rear under 1 i cover, and out of the range of (he enemy’s guns for the protection of Hunks ami rear. 11 is infantry soon opened Irom his inlrenchmcnts, ami his artillery, con sisting of one twenty-four pounder, one eiLd.'.oV-n pounder, and four smaller pieces, v,- i- served with spirit. The tiro was promptly returned, and fur live hours a brisk cannonade was kepi up, silencing iiin guns, and causing him to heat a hasty ro treat. Tho loss in Ihe Suvonty-ninlh was one wounded.'- The object of this expedi tion was a diversion in lavnr of General Smith, who was attempting to forco his way through Cumberland Gap, into Fast Ten nessee. The end having been accomplished, General Negley returned with his command to Sholbyville, having been absent but fourteen days, had two engagements with the enemy, and performeda toilsome march of two hundred and eighty-four miles. Tliollh of July was celebrated by Ihe command with becoming honors, raising a National Hag, bring salutes, and parading. Hon. Kdmuud Cooper delivered an orution, after which the command was treated to a dinner prepared by tho citizens. To this (late tho following changes in the regiment had occurred: seven men lmd deserted, thirty-three had died, anti lifty-ono had been discharged, leaving nine hundred and soven, of whom tifty were in hospitals. Burly in July, Major Mellinger with lour companies was ordered to Wurlrncu to ro inforce General Barnes, who, having loft a small forco to hold tin- place, had gone in search of tho enemy. A Ipw days lator the entire regiment wus ordered forward. A detachment of two companies wus sent to Duck River with orders to fortify tho south bank, erect a stockade on the north bunk, and protect tho rail road bridge at that point. It soon became evident that the position must bo abandoned, and before the works were completed, an order was received to reduce them, and retire v. i'h the regiment toTullahoma. , Upon its arrival it was unsigned (on brigado composed of the Fifteenth, .Six teenth, and Nine-month Regulars, com manded by William S. Smith. From Till lalumta tho brigado proceeded to Manches ter, where a detachment of tbo Ninth Pennsylvania Cavalry was engaged in picket duty, <>n the Mb of A tigusi the reg iment was ordered to Nashville, and upon its arrival encamped on College Hill, south Of the city. The enemy hovered übout tho Cupital, und made frequent attempts to capture the place and destroy the railroad. Tho regiment was sent by General Miller, on the 20lh, to the support of a party of Indiana troops defending tho trestle-work of u bridge near Gallatin, ami threutoned by a superior force. Befuro its urrival the enemy had succeeded In destroying it, but could not overpower the guard. It was, subsequently, again ordered to Gullatin, to the support of tho Seventh Pennsylvania Cavalry, which had boen attacked by Mor gan’s bunds, but did not urnvo in time to have a part in tbo engagement. After re maining a few days it returned again to Nashville, and was assigned to tho Third Brigade, General Sfarkwculher, First Di vision, General Roussenu, Fourteenth Corps, A. M’Dowell M,Cook. Tho brigade was composed of tho Seventy-ninth Penn sylvania, First Wisconsin, Seventeenth Kentucky, und Fourth Indiana Buttery. About tills time tho regimental bund was mustered out by general order of tho War Department und returned home. Burly in September tho movement of Buell’s Army north, commenced. Brugg with a strong force had broken into Ken tucky, ravaging and destroying on evonr band, and wus directing his course towards Louisyillo. Buell made forced murches to reach It in advanco of him and was success* ful, arriving in front of tho town on tbo 20th, Foiled In hU purpose, Bragg soon turned back, and, huvlng collected Immonsostores, begun to inuko his wuy south. Encum bered with his trnins, his progress wus •EXTKACT VflOlf UCNinAU Nkolkt'h ovn- CIAL Rjti’OHT.—Uur expedition Into Kiwi Ten nessee ban proved successful. Wo are return ing with eighty prisoners, {lncluding o num ber of prominent officers; also captured a drove of catue and a large quantity o/ norseHlntond cd for tho rebel in my, Tno defeat ot General Adams' rebel forces In Hwedon's Cove was much more complote than reported, lio es caped without sword, hat, or horse. Wo silenced tbo enemy’* batteries at Chattanooga on the ovenlng of tho 7th, after a fierce can uonudlng of throe lionrs. We opened on tho Blh at nine A. M., aud continued six hours upon the town nnd and rifle pits, driving the enemy out and forcing him to abandon his works and evacuate the city, He burnt several railroad bridges to prevent pursuit,— Moort's Mcbcllicm Record, Pol, K,p. 187, Docs. * slow. Buell moved in pursuit and came up with him near Perryviller To save his trains Bragg was obliged to tarn and give battle. Artillery firing commenced early on the morning of the Bth of October. Rous seau’s Division waß hastened forward and drawn up in line, Barn’s and Lytle’s Bri gades on the right, Harris’ In the centro, and Starkweather’s on the left, with Ter rill’s Brigado of Jackson’s Division on tbo left, in front of, and somewhat in advanco ; of the main line. Favored by irregularities of grounds, and woods in bis front, tbo enemy was enabled to approach upon tbo left in heavy force unobserved, and at a little after noon, fell upon Terrill’s Brigado in great violence, accompanied with un earthly yells. This brigade, composed of raw troops, staggorod under tho torriblo blow, ana. soon fled in confusion. General Jackson was killed by tho first volley.* Starkweather’s Brigade stood in rear of Ter rill, the First Kentucky and Fourth In diana Batteries on the hill, tho Twenty i first Wisconsin iu front, tho Sovonty-nintlr-> ; Pennsylvania, tho First Wisconsin, and , Twenty-fourth Illinois in rear and ln*aup ' port of the batteries. As soon as tho panic stricken troops of Terrill bad passed to tho ! iear, tho enemy followed up his advantage, i with iutent to crush and turn M’Cook’s left, but was met by Starkweather who stood firm. The batteries of Bush and Stoue did fearful exocutlou, and the infan try poured in a steady fire. Three times tho rebels charged with determined valor, bat were as often bloodily repulsed. At length, the ammunition having boen vx bausted, the infantry retired to replenish it, tho guns were moved back near Russell’s House, and the infaniry again returned to ! its place in the lino. The battle raged upon : tho right with equal violence, and tbo line ' was carried back ; but tho divisions of ! Mit-'holl and Sheridan, of Gilbert's Corps, I stubbornly bold their ground and the eno | my was at length forced to give up the con : test, t’pon advancing on the following 1 morning, it was discovered that ho had lied (luring the night. Tbo Seventy-ninth lost in this engagement, thirty-seven killod, one I hundred and forty-nine wounded, and three ' missing, an aggregate of one hundred and I eighty-nine. Captain Samuel J. Boone ami | Lieutenant Henry J. Test, were of tho l killed. Tho urmv followed up tin* retreating rebels, harrassing their rear, passing Drainesville, where a largo number of their wounded were found, Stanford, Crab Or chard, Lebanon, and Bowline Green, at which place tho pursuit wus staved, and General Buell was superseded bv General Rosoeraus. While hero sani tary stores from the “ Patriot Daugh ters of Lancaster ” were received. On the Uth of November tho brigado, tinder command of Col. llambright, was sent hi Milehullsvillo with orders to guard tin* Louisville and Nashville Railroad. Tin* regiments were detailed along the road, the headquarters of the Seventy-ninth being at Camp M’Cloud, six miles south of Milch ollsvilie. A month later tint brigade wus summoned to join tho main body of the army encamped at Nashville, and about to start on the campaign of Stono River. Upon its arrival Rousseau’s Division was assigned to Gen. Thomas’ corps. On tin* 117th the division left camp and marched down tho Franklin Pike, thence across m Nolansville and to tho Murfreesboro Pike, at a point about ten miles north of Mur freesboro, where a junction wus formed with tho main column on the evening of tho ‘-bib. Fairly on the following morning the army moved forward, tho advance soon encountering the enemy's skirmisher'*, who fell back before it. Late in the even ing the brigade was dispatched to Jefler son, on the Stone River Pike, to protect the train and cut oil' the retreat of tho rebel cavalrv. On Tuesday, tho 3Uth, the wagon train belonging to the brigade separated from the mam train and followed the col umn to Jefl'ersoti. Whilo on the way it 1 wus attacked by M heeler’s Cavalry, and 1 before help could bo obtained twenty-two Wagons, containing stores and eumpequip pnge were burned and six men captured. ( m the following morning tlie brigade cross ed the* Stone River Bridge and moved on towards Murfreesboro. Two miles out, a number ofstragglors were met who report ed Kosecrans* Army cut to pieces and re treating towards Nashville. Soon an order ly came who directed the brigado to return ami join the division, which wus accomplish ed before nightfall, it wus moved into a thicket of cedars and posted to repel an nt ' tack. Tho following day, January Ist, lS(i:t, i was spent in feeling thoouomy and recon uoitertng. Marly tiext morning tho enemy opened a brisk tiro. Tho infantry was rapidly moved forward und the engage ment, which soon became general, raged [ with unabated fury for four hours. The Third Brigado was in lino with the left rest ing on tho pike, tho Seventy-ninth iu sup port of Loomis’ Battery. Thu rebel guns, half a mile distant, opened a rapid lire upon it, to tho sore annoyance of the supports, but was finally silenced, in the afternoon the enemy made a fierce assault upon the left, but wus met and driven by Negley's command. During tho evening the brigade was moved to the front line, the Seventy ninth occupying a rifle-pit which was hast ily thrown up after darkness had set in. Companies U, F, H and I were thrown out as post pickets, but the enemy having learned their position, posted a battery so as to command it and drove them out, gain ing possession of the cedars and holding them until the following everting. During the night lie was dislodged, but before morn ing hud withdrawn, leaving his dead un buried. The loss of the regiment was two killed and ten wounnod. Tho casual lies up to this time lmd been as follows; nine, commissioned officers had resigned; one died of disease; two killed in uetion ; three wounded in action; one captured; thirty-seven enlisted men killed in uclion ; one blind rod and fifty-six on listed men wounded; seventeen died from wounds received In action ; fourteen cap tured, paroled und exchanged ; six cap tured, paroled and not exchanged ; one im nil rod and throe discharged lor disability; eighteen, members of band, mustered out; forty died of disease; fifty-three deserLod and two transferred; sixteen recruits re ceived, It numbered at tins time thirty five commissioned officers, and six hundred and eighty-eight enlisted men, of whom twenty-live officers and four hundred and eighty-four men wore present for duty. Une hundred and forty-eight were sick, of whom seventy-six were wounded. Tho remainder were on detached duly. Of the one hundred ! and three men discharged for disability, I thirty-live were lor wounds. I Aflor llio buttle the regiment went into camp at Murfreesboro, where supplies of J clothing, and a beautiful flag, tin) gift of I citizens of Lancaster, wore received. For i aging expeditions were frequently sent out, I occasionally meeting parties of the enemy. ’ On tho 19th of April tho Third Brigade, in i company with other troops under command I of General Reynolds, wus ordered to M’- , Minoville. Two cotton mills, several grist I mills, and largo amounts of stores, includ | ing twenty-live thousand pounds of bacon, | were destroyed, and sixty prisoners taken. T he command moved to Liberty, where a [urge steam flouring mill was destroyed and a largo amount of forage and provision « collected, and dispatched to the army. On tho Ist of Juno tho division was re viewed by General Rousseau, und on Hut 21th tho summer campaign opened. By skillful man*«uvring the enemy was turned out of his position, and sent Hying across the mountains to Chattanooga, which he was determined to hold. Kosucruus follow - ed on, crossed the Tennossee River at Bridgeport, struck boldly out across the mountains, and arrived on the 17th upon the Chickumaugn Creek, in rear of the rebel army. Brugg, taking tho alarm, evacuated Cbnttnnoogu, und moved out to, and beyond Ringgold, where, having been heavily re inforced, ho faced about, assumed the of fensive, ami (gathered in his forces for a decisive battle. Negley had been sent on the 12th to Dug Gap, to ctil oil Bragg’s way of retreat by the valley beyond, but encoun tered obstinate resistance, and it now be came fully evident that he intended to fight. Tho Third Brigade, now changed to the Second, was sent to Negiey’s relief, who was thereby barely enabled to get off in Hiifety. On tho lSlii tho army was massed in the valley beyond Cruwlish Spring, ucross tho Rossville Road, covering (Tiut tanooga. Tho First Diyision, now com manded by General Baird, marched during the entire night to reacli its position. At eight o’clock on Saturday, the 19th, a dull heavy sound wus lieurd away to the lelt. Deepening in intensity, it crept nearer and nearer, and at ten the battle was in full progress. Bragg lmd mussed bis forces, and having crossed Chickamaugu Greek, was hurling them upon the Union left, in tent to reacli the Rossville Road and break the Union line of retreat. Ju the early purt of the battle tho Soeond noted as a sup port to .Scribner’s Brigade. It was not long, however, before tho impetuosity oflhe rebel attack caused Ncribnerto waver ami finally to give way. The enemy eagerly followed up tho advantage, ami pushed through the break to the right, screening bis movement by tho woods. The .Second Brigade was now ordered forward. As it moved by the flank tho enemy suddenly-sprung up from Ills lurking place und poured in a gulling fire, causiug fearful havoc Taking advan tage of tho confusion producod by this sud den attack, ho charged upon tbo brigade battery, and captured it, boforo tho pieces could bo unlimbored or u gun fired. Hav ing sullored severely, tho division wus moved Iml f n mile to tho reur whore tho lino re-formed, and late in tho afternoon, favor ed by tbo heavy lighting on the extremo right, lulvancocl and retrieved much of tho ground that had been lost in tho oarly part of tho day. Just beforo dusk tho onomy made a determined assault, when tho Union lines woro again forced back. In thodark ness Lieut, Col. Miles and übout twenty enlisted men became separated from tho regiment and woro takon prisoners. A new Hue was finally established und all night long the men labored erecting temporary earth works. Sunday morning dawned dull and cold, A denso fug hung over tho entire valley, obscuring ovory otject. Hcreoned by tho mist, the enemy moved out and commenced tho attack, on the right, boforo tho lino hnil boon properly formed. By ton A. M. tho fight had become genoral, tho crush of In fantry and rour of artillery mingling ponl on peal. For hours tho buttle raged with out a lull. The buttorlos of the First Di vision which had good range, poured In grape and canister with fearful rapidity, as tbo enemy In houvy columns charged again and again upon this ono unsupported lino. Tho e&rnugo in its front was fearful, tbo ur tillory opening wide gaps In his dense ranks, and the fire of tho Infantry sweeping them •He was struck In the right breast by aplcco of an explodod shell, and, with tho exclama tion "Oh God I” foil lrom his horßO and dlod without a struggle. Even the enemy paid n tribute to his gallantry. Terrill also fell di rectly after, and M’Cook's left flank was un covered and would have been destroyed with the loss ol the train, but for the pluck of Stark weather’s Men,— aarpertt mortal EisUjry, Part I, p, 811.
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