gtoMte* fntrifigewML WEDNESDAY,. JANUARY 27, 1869. Publication of Laws, Reports, Ac. The State Guard has a timely article upon the cumbersome and expensive method which has long been employed for the publication of documentary and official business. Every year large sums of money are wasted (we can use no milder term) in printing voluminous and verbose documents, some of which are franked and sent out by members of the Legislature, but maßy of which go to the paper makers, in the original pack ages, to be ground over again. Fifty years of experience in this State has demonstrated that the system of publish ing unwieldy and voluminous reports for gratuitous distribution is a great tax upon the people, from which they de rive no compensatory benefits. A few men receive unwieldy reports which they seldom read. The members of the Legislature confine such favors almost exclusively to their party friends, and the bulk of the community, those who pay for the printing and circulation of such matter, never Bee a line of it. The cost of public printing for 1868, aggre gated the immense Bum of one hundred and thirty-four thousand , nine hundred and. sixty-eightdollars. In addition to this the cost of pasting and folding doc uments in the two houses, amounted to some fifty thousand dollars , and for postage about thirty-five thousand more Were required. • That moat of this money is literally wasted under the present system, nine teen out of every twenty tax payers will admit, for we are sure that notone in twenty ever receives or sees a single page of this costly printed matter. As a means of information for the masses, it can only be regarded as a specious and expensivehumbug, an abuse which has grown, with the increase of extrav agance in our Legislature, into gigan tic proportions. The State Guard suggests that the money thus wasted be applied to the publication iu the newspapers of the ’ Mate of carefully prepared abstracts of the reports of the different departments, and such other matter as is of general interest to the public. The press and the people ought at once to unite in de manding the passage of‘"a law to that effect. The people are interested in ob taining such information in an autho ritative and useful shape, and as tax payers they have a right to demand that the present cumbersome, unwield.'y, costly and useless system of printing and circulating documents be exchanged for something betlor and more econom ical. The publication of the general laws of the State in a proper number of newspapers, and of the local laws relat ing to different counties in county newspapers, is another thing in which the public are interested. It is done in other .States, and it is time the masses of Pennsylvania were afforded an op portunity to read the laws, both local and general, which they are expected to obey. A meeting of the newspaper publish ers of the State has been culled to as semble at Harrisburg on the first Tues day of February. Should there be a full turn-out on that occasion, we have no doubt some very desirable reforms can he inaugurated, which will benefit both the press and the public. Big Thieves and Little Thieves. There is an old saying that “ laws are like cobwebs, which catch gnats and flies, while hornets and wasps break through. So it certainly is with refer ence to our revenue system. If a poor segarmaker attempts to elieat the Gnv eminent out of a few dollars of tax, lie is pounced upon by some detective ami made to sutler severely ; hut the kings of the whiskey ring are defended by skillful attorneys, enlist the active co operation of ('ongressmen, and go scot free, with half thcstolen money in their capacious pockets. Detectives become blind to llie gigantic schemes of plunder which are curried on under their very noses, and government officials of all grades and classes seem to be in league with the thieves. The Radical Com missioner of Internal Revenue is ready to certify the release of such offenders as Hackman, and a big pile of money, out of which the (government has un questionably been swindled, ispocke'ted by somebody. Tile old proverb is abun dantly verified, and the little thieves are caught in t lie meshes of our revenue laws, while the big ones, the wasps and hornets, break through and escape. The stst Radical Uutrage. There seems to bo no enormity too grout for the Radicals to perpetrate. The boldness with which they over ride all law and evidence, when they desire to displace a Democrat who has been legally elected to ottice, is astound ing, The last outrage of this kind in Congress ,s the case of Mr. Switzler, from the Ninth Missouri District, who contested the scat of a Radical named Anderson. The committee oipcontest ed elections unanimously reported against the sitting member, and in favor of his Democratic contestant. When this was done by a committee largely composed of Radicals, after a full consideration of all the evidence, we may be sure (iiat the Demoerifije contestant madeoutthe clearest kind of a case. As a general thing the report of such a roimniitee is adopted without hesitation. Not so in Mils case. After a couple of intemperate speeches on the part of a couple of carpet baggers, the House deliberately voted to exclude the man who had proven bimsc-lf to be le gally elected, and to permit bis defeated Radical opponent to retain his seat. This was done in spile of the earnest protest of leading Radical members of the committee, who, when the question of loyalty was raised, certified that they had made a full investigation on that point, and were perfectly satisfied of the loyalty of Mr. Switzler. A greater out rage was never perpetrated. lVhy There Will lie No Inauguration Ball. The true reason why the project for n graud inauguration bull was killed has leaked out- It seems that the negroes who vote and hold ollice in Washing ton were determined to be represented on this festive occasion. Having a gal lery set apart for their use in the .Senate and the House, being repeatedly re ceived by public officials, having had their representatives in the Chicago Convention, being lately addressed by General Grant himself, the dandies of the Washington barber shops, and the distinguished head waiters at the hotels, were determined to figure in the mazy dance, which it was proposed to hold in the National Capitol. They could allbrd to pay teu dollars fora ticket admitting «gentleman and (wo ladies, and regard ing themselves as the equals of the “white trash,”they had already begun to engage suits unfashionable tailors and modistes for the occasion. The managers of the concern found out that they could not exclude the fashionable negroes, some of whom are high in office, and so they got General Grant to put his foot down ou the thing. He did it, and there was au end of the Inau guration Ball. A Big Senator, Hon. Daniel 8. Pratt, Senator elect from Indiana, stands six feet five inches in his stocking feet, aud weighs 408 pounds. He was elected to the next House of Representatives at the election held last October from the Eighth Con gressional District of Indiana, by a ma jority of 2,257. He is the largest man elected to the United States Senatesince the days of Dixon H. Lewis, of Ala., who used to say that “ a turkey was a very inconvenient bird, being a little too much for one man to eat at a meal, and not quite enough to satisfy two.” THE TiA.NCASTThTR, WEEKLY INTEILIGENOER WEDNESDAY, J AJSTTTARY 27, 1869. The Hackman Whiskey Frauds. The whiskey ring Is übiquitous. It is not confined to any locality, and seems to embrace among its members officials of all ranks. In vain, has the press assailed the monster, and in vain has President Johnson attempted to make war upon it. That the govern ment has been swindled out of more than half the revenue which ought to have been derived from this source no , one pretends to doubt. The rogues in the business have had the advantage of all honest men, and have laughed the authorities to scorn. They have rarely been detected in their villainies, or if caught, have found it an easy matter to escape punishment. That many officials shared with the rascals in their ill-gotten gains is too well known to be disputed. Now and then a hue and cry has been raised, but the thieves seem always to have found ready means for turning aside their pur suers. A case which occurred in this county affords an instance of the man ner in which thousands of such cases have no doubt been managed. We caunot give all the particulars, but enough has already transpired to ena ble us to unfold a st|Ory of rascality, such as ought to be sufficient to rouse public indignation. The facts, so far as we have been able to ascertain them, areas follows: I u the latter part of 1864 and the first of 1866, Abraham S. Hackman was running a large distillery at Mount Joy. Two of his employees gave information to the officers of this district, Alexan der H. Hood, Collector, and James K. Alexander, Assessor, thatmore whiskey was being made than was reported for the payment of tax. An investigation was, thereupon, set on foot and dili gently pushed. Mr. Hackman and his employees were examined under oath, the books of the concern were scanned, and inquiries were made at the depots of the railroads as to the amount of whiskey shipped from January Ist, to May Ist, 1.866. The result was a dis covery that about 23,000 gallons had been shipped, over and above the amount on which Mr. Hackman had paid lax. Rut, to be clearly within bounds, Messrs. Hood and Alexander eventually fixed the amount at-0,610 gallons, on which the unpaid tax, at two dollars a gallon, was $41,220, and they so reported to Mr. Rollins, the Commissioner of Internal Revenue at Washington. A full report of the tes timony taken in the case was forwarded to the Department at that time. Mr. Hackman, we understand im mediately employed Tbaddeus Stevens to manage his case, and it seems that Mr. Stevens did not think it incompati ble with his duties us Congressman to engage in such business. The result was that proceedings were stayed fora while. In the meantime, and shortly after the report was made, Mr. Hack man died, leaving Henry Musselman, of Marietta, to act as his executor. One of the first acts of Mr. Mu3selmau was to get the real estate of the deceased released from the claim of the govern ment. This was allowed to be done on condition of a bond being given for the payment of the tax, and Messrs. Mus sulman and Hiestand, of Marietta, en tered into security to that effect, in the sum of eighty thousand dollars. After this the real estate of Hackman was sold. Then au effort was initiated to secure a discharge of the claim of the government. Messrs. Hood and Alexander went out of office before the matter was ad justed, and during the term of Messrs. Rrown and Strickler, it lay perfectly quiet, and it was freely rumored that Tbaddeus Stevens used his Influence to prevent the case from beiug investiga ted until a change in officials should occur, lie knowing that neither Brown nor Strickler would be confirmed by the Senate. In fact Mr. Stevens is re ported to have declared that the case should neyer be brought up while Mr. Brown was in office. It was also rumored when a change was about bein# made, that Mr. Stevens was ready to consent to the appointment even of a Democrat to the Collectorship, provided he was allowed to name the Assessor, who, uuder the law, is recognized as the local authority to be consulted in the decis ion of such cases. Immediately after Messrs. Wiley and Warfel came into office the Hackman case was again brought up, the authori ties at Washington seeming to have waited patiently until prompted to push it. When attention was called to the case, it was found that the papers in re lation to it, which had been ou file in Mr. Rollins’ olljce, were missing. They are reported to have disappeared simul taneously with the appearance of a cer tain attorney from this city, who called one day and requested the privilege of looking at them. When the officers here came to look for the duplicate of the testimony against Hackman, which had been takeu by their predecessors, that too was found to be among the things that were but are not. Here was a perplexing.state of affairs. A detec tive named Drown was sent here to look up the case, hut he reported to the Department that the witnesses who had testified against Hackman before were cdtber not to be found, or were as dumb about the mat ter as so many oysters. It. looked much as if they hud been either got out-of the way or tampered with. After this report was made to Mr. Rollins he immediately began to push more vigor ously for an immediate settlement of the case, ami his energy at this time # was in marked contrast with his former delays. He even telegraphed peremp torily about the matter to Messrs. Wiley iffid Warfel, a very unusual thing.— Those officers reported the loss of testi mony, and the difficulties which seemed to be thrown in the way of making up a new case, on account of the removal of some and [the obstinacy of other wit nesses; but they affirmed their belief in the correctness of the estimate made by their predecessors of the amount of unpaid tax. Mr. llood, the former Col lector, was examined in regard to the matter, and he testified clearly to the facts as set out in the written state ments which had so mysteriously dis appeared, both from the department at Washington and the office in this city. He stated that the estimate of the amount of unpaid tax had been made largely from Hackman’s own ad missions.; aud from the memorandum book of the leading employee, in which au exact account of the amount of grain mashed from day to Jay was kept; and from the books of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, in which entries of the whiskey shipped were made. He also stated that his own estimate of the amount upon which tax had not been paid was about 28,000 gallons, but that to be clearly within bounds he and Mr. Alexander had agreed to fix the amount at 20,010 gallons. This testimony of Mr. Hood was sent ou to the Depart ment at Washington, but did not seem to be satisfactory, as Mr. Rollins con tinued to insist upon further investiga tion* I This was the condition, of matters when O. J. Dickey was elected to Con gress. Mr. Dickey had been employed as counsel in the case some time previ ous, or perhaps from the beginning. Shortly after he took his seat in Con gress au order came from Mr. Rollins releasing the estate of Hackman from the entire claim of the Government. How came this to be done ? What evi dence was produced before Mr. Rollins, to rebut the strong and positive testi mony of fraud? What influence was to bear upon him? Did the officers here certify that justice required the release of Hackman’s estate ? We understand that such a certificate is re quired to be made. In all such cases? Did Messrs. Wiley aud Warfel sign such a paper in the face of all the evi dence before them ? The people have a right to know all the facts connected with this barefaced fraud, and it is the duty of the Depart ment at Washington to examine into it. As it now looks as if Mr. Rol lins deliberately agreed to allow the Government to be swindled out of §41,- 220 at the solicitation of Hackman’s attorneys. Messrs. Stevens and Dickey may only have used such means as sharp attorneys are in the habit of em ploying, but it seems to us that Con gressmen ought not to be engaged in such transactions. They ought not to bring their political influence to bear upon officials in this way. They hold such a relation to the Government and the people as ought to make them the guardians of the public interests. For Congressmen to engage deliberately in aiding thieves to plunder the public treasury, whether they do it merely as attorneys, or through their official in fluence, is an outrage of the grossest character. This case illustrates the manner in which the government has been de frauded of immense sums of money. That Mr. Rollins is completely cor rupt, the very head centre of the whis key ring, we have no doubt. Let the honest taxpayers look at the case, the interior iniquities of which we may never know, but which presents such abundant evidence of rottenness and rascality on its surface. Let them re member that similar frauds were prac ticed all over the country. And let them not forget that every dollar of money out of which the government is cheated, has to be made up by the hard fisted farmers and mechanics, the pro ducing classes of the country. We hope the officials of this county may be able to clear their skirts of all connection with this most outrageous and infamous fraud. Until they do so they ought not to show their faced among honest men. lamcron and Cummings, J Simon Cameron has been laboring I most assiduously to secure the confir . mation of Alexander Cummings, of straw hat and scotch herring notoriety, : as Commissioner of Internal Revenue, i He has bent all his energies to the ac ! complishment of this single result, and ! that for a special purpose. Should he j succeed in securing this confirmation ’before Grant is inaugurated, the Win nebago Chief will at once proceed to fill all the Vevenue offices of this State with his personal friends. Being oncesnugly in place, these officials will stick like leeches, and it will be very difficult to oust them. They will speedily surround themselves with a body of adherents, and will be able in most instances to bid defiance to opposition, if they can not silence it entirely. The combination which Cameron has been able to make is said to be almost strong enough to give him a majority of votes for the confirmation of Cummings, and we ex pect to see him succeed. When this is accomplished he will own the liepub7 lican party of this State most complete ly, and his word will be the rule of the organization in all things. With Cum mings as Revenue Commissioner lie can control the patronage of other States to a great extent, and with such an extension of power there is no tell ing what he may not aspire to. He might even pack the next Radical Na tional Convention with his adherents, aud buy up the nomination for Presi dent as he bought his seat in the Senate. The Radical party furnished a good field for such speculations, being large ly led by the corrupt and mercenary men who are always ready to go with the man or the party which gives them the best chances to fatten on public plunder. Tlie End of the Peltz Bill. The Democratic members of the State Senate again absented themselves on Saturday, as they had done on Friday afternoon, to prevent the passage of the bill legislating Peltz, theltadical candi date for Tux Collector of Philadelphia, into an office to which a Democrat was duly aud legally elected. The Radicals had telegraphed to their three absent members, aud two of them returned in time for the proposed dirty work of Saturday morning. Mr. Stutzmau. of Somerset, being convinced that such a bill ought not to pass, voluntarily ab sented himself, as the Democratic Sen ators had done. This left the Senate without a quorum again, and the in famous bill thus failed to become alaw. The time set having arrived Mr. Melloy was duly sworn into office, and entered upon the duties of his office Monday. It has transpired that the accounts of Peltz are iu disorder, and this is said to be the principal reason why so strenuous an effort was made to continue him in office. The Radicals dreaded the effect of exposure. By this action the Radi cal members of the Legislature, who tried to force this bill through, have earned the contempt of all honest men. Practice vs. Precept. Every now* aud then we have a pro posal from some Radical source for the insertion of a clause in the Constitution of the United States distinctly recog nizing God aud the Christian religion. Radical newspapers and stump orators have been iu the habit of boasting that their organization is a party of great moral ideas. Yet the facts show that the outspoken infidels of the country are recognized leaders of the Republi can party. Theodore Parker and his whole set were always to be found in its •van guard. Thaddeus Stevens, who was au open scoffer at sacred things, was its idol. And now all the Repub cau journals iu the country, aud all the super-serviceable loyal preach ers are rejoicing over the election to the United States Senate of Carl Sliurz, the Red Republican infidel, who denies the very existence of a God, ridicules the observance of the Sabbath, and scoffs at the Christian religion as a cunningly devised fable. Is it strange that vice aud immorality are sweeping over the land with a flood tide when a great party is constantly exalting such men to power, and when they are held up as models by a mercenary pulpit, which has prostituted itself to the wor ship of temporary political power? Who ever heard a Radical preacher open his voiceagainstsuch things? We pause for a reply. The Frauklng Abuse. The Lower House of Congress has made a deceptive show of doing some thing to curtail the great abuse of the franking privilege, by passing a resolu tion to prevent the use of fac simile stamps. The only effect of this will be to do away with the use of machines. The franking will go on as ever, the names of Congressmen being writterfhy clerks paid by the government, instead of being stamped by them. It is only increasing the labor slightly. Such pretensions is usual whenever an at tempt at reform is made by the Radi cals in any department. Another Large Increase ofthe Public Debt. The Washington correspondent of the Philadelphia Ledger , unquestionable authority, announces that the debt statement for the present month of Jan uary will show an increase of some six teen millions of dollars. When will the debt be paid, think you,- at that rate ? Let those who voted tocoutinue the extravagant Radicals in power de vote their winter eveuings to cypher ing out the problem. Senator Lowry, of Erie, had astroke of paralysis yesterday while sitting at the dinner table. He is abold and fear less Radical, and his party will feel his loss should his affliction prove serious. He 1b reported to be in an improving condition. Another Attempt to Ctorrymander Lan caster City. Last TuesdaymomingSenator Fisher offered a bill in the Btate Senate relat ing to elections in the eity of Lancas ter, which is certainlyythe most wonder ful legislative monstrosity that ever was seen. Its title reads as follows: “ A supplement to tlie Charter of the Muni cipal Corporation of the City of Lancaster, changing the time of certain elections in said Corporation, and for other purposes.” Section Ist provides that so much of the charter of Lancaster city, dividing it into nine wards, as provides for the election of Mayor, City Councilman, and other officers, on the first Friday in May of each year, and so much of the present law as fixes the time for elect ing School Directors on the last Friday of March shall be repealed; and that all officers provided for therein shall be elected on the second Tuesday of Oc tober. The object of this portion of the bill is evidently to enable the Radicals to save money. By having all elections held upon one day, they will not be compelled to pay their repeaters and to buy votes more than once in each year. Section 2 d provides that all officers whose termß expire in 1869 or 1870, shall go out on the 2d Weduesday after the 2d Tuesday of October, 1869, and that the terms of the Select Councilmen for the sth, 7th and 9th Wards,'shall expire on the 2d Tuesday of October, 1870; provided that the commissions of Al dermen, expiring before the time there in provided, shall not expire until thirty days after said election. Section 3 d provides that the qualified electors of Lancaster city, shall on the second Tuesday of October, 1869, elect one person to serve as Mayor; that the citizens of the 2d, Gth and Bth Wards shall th.-n elect one Select Councilman for each of said Wards, to serve for three years ; that the electors of the Ist Ward shall elect at the same time two Select Councilmen, one to serve two years and the other to serve Jhree years; that the electors of the 3d and 4th Wards shall then elect each one Select Councilman to serve for (wo years ; and that the 6th, 7th and 6th Wards shall, on the 2d Tuesday of October, IS7U I 'electQn£'Select Councilman each to serve three years. The object of the above section is sim ply so to gerrymander the City of Lan caster as to insure the Radicals a major ity in the Select Couucil. As that body now stands the members from,the Ist, 3d, 4th, oth, 7th, and Bth Wards are Democrats, the term of office of those representing the 3d and 4th Ward not expiring until the Ist of June, IS7O. By removals and otherchaugestheßadicals now have a majority in the 4th Ward, while the 3d is so close as to give them hopes of carrying it. The 6th Ward, which was Republican, in the meantime has become Democratic, but the Re publican who now repre.-ents it is not to be disturbed until October, 1870, though by the existing law he is not entitled to hold the position, he having been elected District Attorney, and the two offices being by law made incom patible. To make assurance doubly sure this sectiou of the proposed act provides that the Ist Ward shall elect two Select Councilmen, and the author of the bill injects false statements iuto its body, for the purpose of bolstering up its injustice and rascality. He states that the Ist Ward ja entitled to two members of Select Council, on account of its large voting population, when the truth is that at the Presidential election it cast but seventeen more votes than the Democratic Bth Ward, and only about fifty more than several of the other Wards, and that notwithstanding the fact that there aro twice as many taverns and boarding houses in it as in any other Ward of the City, and conse quently a much larger floating vote. Section \th provides for rendering eli gible to Select Couucil certain persons who hold other offices, and mentions by name the District Attorney, who will be forced to retire, if not thus saved by special legislation, nutl his Ward, the sth, beiug now reliably Democratic, a Democrat would take his place. Section (}(h provides for the election of twelve School Directors, on the 2d Tuesday of October 1869, to serve three years. Section llh provides that no officer re ceiving any salary from the city shall receive any fees for the arrest or com mitment of any vagrant, or any one guilty of drunkeu or disorderly con duct, or for any cases dismissed on ac count of no cause of action. This is n most rascally clause. It not only deprives the Mayor of the legiti mate powers of his office, or else com pels him to discharge some of its most disagreeable aud onerous duties without pay, but it gives the city up to disorder by taking away from all the police and ward constables, except one, all incen tive to action. There happens to be one Ward Constable who refused to take his turn of service as a night policeman, and he receives no pay from the city. This section of the proposed act is framed with the especial design of giving him a chance to make money by pickingup all vngrauts. We ask any Radical member of the Legislature who may be disposed to vote for this bill to think what base uses it is proposed to put him to. We venture to say that this is tlie first instance on record of a State Legislature beingasked to pass a solemn stationary enactment for the purpose of giving to a pet political constable a chance to put odd pennies into his pocket, by making him the only officer in a large city capable of “ comprehend ing vagroms.” There are three other sections of this model law—one declaring vacant the seat of any member of the City Coun cils who is absent or late at three suc cessive meetings without such excuse as may be satisfactory to his fellow members; another providing for the election of a City Treasurer, after the gerrymander is put through ; and a con cluding section repealing all acts or parts of acts, inconsistent with this in conceivably monstrous and ridiculous bill. Some half dozen attempts have been made within the past fourlyearsjoijatch up the Charter of Lancaster City, so as to insure the Radicals control of all the petty offices connected with it; and up to this time they have all proved to be complete failures. We do nottbink the present Legislature will be so utterly silly as to look with any favorupon this bill, which has been hatched in the brain of a briefless attorney who came to this city from York a couple of years ago. It is tenfold more disreputable and rascally, in its small way, than the Philadelphia enormities, which have provoked such indignant com ment from the more reputable Radi cal newspapers of that city. We are sure very few respectable Republicans in Lancaster will countenance the pro posed bill, and we can not think it pos sible that any newspaper in this city will disgrace itself by urging its passage. We venture to say that Senator Fisher blushed when he presented it, and we do not believe he will have the face to ask its passage. It deserves to be buried in the Committee to which it has been referred, and consigned without cere mony to the sleep that knows no wak ing. Delegates to the State Convention. The Democracy of Dauphin* county held a Convention on Tuesday and appointed H. S. Wilson and Dr. Lewis Heck delegates to the next Democratic State Convention, with instructions to support Gen. Geo. W. Cass for Governor, and Hamilton Aldricks, Esq., forjudge of the Supreme Court. George A. Smith, Esq., has been ap pointed a delegate from Fulton county, with instructions to support Gen. Geo. W. Cass for Governor. Cumberland county has appointed John Criswell, Esq., with instructions to vote for Gen. Cass for Governor. The ffew York Senator. Since the election of Fenton to the United States Senate his character has been thoroughly ventilated. The Com mercial Advertiser, a prominent Radical journal, speaks of him as follows: It Is because we are familiar with the rottenness of things at Albany that we know all about Fenton and the fonl birds who have nested in and about the Executive roost for the last four years. It is for this reason that Governor Fenton fears to bring a libel suit. Ge and his back-door go betweens understand too well that we know too much, and for this reason decline to ac cept the challenge to come into court We have some sharp things against Gov ernor Fenton—sharper than has ever been said against any public man in the country. No man can hope to associate with honor able men who ignores the obarges we have made against Fenton’s administration. No honest, upright citizen, much less a Gov ernor ana a United States Senator, can sub mit to the brand we have put upon him. We know bow difficult it Is to prove the paying of money to a public officer who has an itching palm. We know how the thing is done . We know men who for the last four years hare been acting as brokers at the Executive Chamber—one who levied black mail on the Dry Dock Railroad Company for $20,000 to obtain the signature of his Excellency—another who made the insur ance companies of this city pay toll to the amount of §lo,ooo—another who received $20,000 for Fenton’s approval of the Erie Railroad bill; we say nothing about rail road and other jobs which “ smell rank fo heaven/' These are specific charges. The men to whom the above-mentioned sums were paid were the most active and un • scrupulous advocates of Fenton for United States Senator. Mr. Fenton cannot plead that these things were unknown to him. They have been notorious about the Capitol. Did Governor Fenton, like an honest man who abhors fraud and venality, discard executive brokers? Not at all; they were his tried and trusted agents in the Sena torial anotion—his negotiators in fraud and partners in crime. Thurlow Weed is the responsible edi tor who makes the above grave charges of corruption, and who defies Senator Fenton to prove their falsity in a Court of Justice. This is only another instance of the prevailing rottenness of the Re publican party. It seems to be the same everywhere. Bribery, fraud and the most unblushing rascality abounds wherever it holds sway. How much longer will honest men continue to sup port it? Is it not high time that there should be a change? Are we to go on in this way, from bad to worse, until the very foundations of public virtue are overturned and all sense of honor completely destroyed ? It is for the people to say. A Cheap lVuy of Learning French, Elibu B. Washburn, Grant’s most in timate friend, has hia eye on the Mis sion to France. It is said he would prefer to go to the gay and godless City of Paris, rather than into the Cabinet. Being the original Grant mau, hi ex peots to have just what he may want, and, having decided to to Paris, he feels the need of being able to ask for bread and wine in French. So he has employed a young lady to teach him, but, not being able to be under her tui tion while the House is iu session, he concluded he might as well let her earn good wages by clerking in one of the Departments. The powerful influence of Grant’s guardian was of course suffi cient to break down all such trifling impediments as the want of a vacancy, and the young lady was assigned a desk. Next came a request from the same great authority that the new appointee should be allowed special priv ileges in regard to labor—that is to say, that in her particular case the rules of the Department should be waived, and that she should be allowed to come and go as she pleased. This was to en able her to teach Madame Washburn, aud the little Washburns, something of the polite language of Europe. There was some difficulty about the granting of the latter request, the Secretary of the Treasury not being able to reconcile the payment of a French teacher for the Washburns by the government withhis ideas of public duty. Reports say that Elihu B. got into a rage and cut up ugly about the matter. When Grant comes into power he will no doubt be able to have the tutors of himself aud children and all his servants paid out of the pub lic treasury. A Radical Guerilla, Elisha W. Davis took occasion the other day in the House to denounce the Morning Post , the Telegraph and the Evening Bulletin of Philadelphia as “guerilla sheets.” Whereupon the Telegraph goeth for him thus : “ For on* part, we accept the term which Mr. Davis has applied to us, and ask what ho has done, either for the Republican party or for the people of the city, that he is not our legitimate prey? As far as we have been able to learu from the reports of tbe doiugs at Harrisburg which have reached us, Mr. Davis has thus far during (hepresent session lent his voice and his vole to every villainous scheme of plunder , favoritism and scivility which has been brought before the body of which he is a member. Unhappily for the interests of the people aud the future success of the Repub lican party in this city and State, Mr. Davis is not the only man of his class in the Legislature. For the most part it is made up, as it has been made up in the past, of a set of men to whom we can apply no milder term than thatofleeches—men who, as a general LhiDg, are witboutvisible,ineansof support; who go to Harrisburg year after year, and there plunder tho public purse and pervert the will of the people, with an amount of brazen assuranco that fairly take away our breath as we contemplate it.” Tbe Idcgraph is as bitter a Radical sheet as is published in the country, but that does not prevent it from forming a proper estimate of the leader of the Radical majority in the House. We are glad that it has been provoked into telling the truth about Davis. Let the Telegraph turn its at tention to other adherents of its party, and itcan gaiu a reputation for honesty by exposing their rascalities such as it has not heretofore enjoyed. A Deserved Compliment. The N. Y. World pays the following handsome and well merited compli ment to Hon. Wm. A. Wallace : Tbe nomination of Wm. A. Wallace for United States Senator by the Democratic caucus ofthe Pennsylvania Legislature was a deserved tribute, and all that it was in the power of our friends in that State to pay, to one of the most efficient working Demo crats iu all Pennsylvania, and a gentleman every way worthy to succeed to the chair, which Mr. Buckalew vacates next March with the sincere regret of every Democrat iu Pennsylvania or out. Tiie Patriot suggests, as the reason why the Radicals appointed so many pasters and folders, that many of the present members expect to return to Harrisburg in that capacity next year. Is that the reason why Dr. Gatchell declared that he did not desire the adop tion of the proposition of Messrs. Rauch & Cochran? Do all four of our present members, of the House expect to serve iu the basement next winter? We pause for a reply. The New York Tribune mentions the case of a Radical U. S. Senator who has already received over six hun dred applications for office. If the rest are besieged in the same way, and wk have no doubt they all are, what an army of hungry fellows will swarm to Washington on the 4t h of March.— There are only some sixty thousand offices to be filled, and there must be at least six hundred thousand applicants. Acquittal ofHrs. Twitchell. Mrs. Twitchell has been acquitted of participation in the murder of her mother,'Mrs. Hill, the Prosecuting At torney abandoning the case immediately after the conclusion of the testimony on the part of the Commonwealth. The evidence was not considered strong enough to justify further procedure against her. Election or Senators. United States Senators were elected by the State Legislatures'on the 4th,|as follows; Pennsylvania, John Scott; New York, Reuben E. Fenton; Mis souri, Carl Schurz; Maine, Hannibal Hamlin ; Delaware, James A. Bayard until March 4th next, and Thos. F. Bayard for the six years' term; Michi gan, Zachariah Chandler; Minnesota, Alexander Ramsey; Massachusetts, Chas. Sumner. AFFAIRS AT HARRISBURG. Little Bdsljmss Done Yet; E fiscally Jobs. Wholesale Corruption and Petty Stealing. Great Increase of Employees in the House. / Disgraceful Partisan Legislation lor Philadelphia. Contested Election Cases. Election of United States Senator. Ac, «Sc., Ac. The casual looker on at our State Cupitol would not see’much of interest. The pro ceedings iu both Houses have been com paratively dull so far. Considerableexcite ment was caused by the persistent efforts of the Radicals in the House to moke places for the gang of worthless hangers-on that accompanied them, and by the rascally schemes which have been devised to legis late defeated candidates into office in Phil adelphia. THE LOBBY The lobby is not on hand in full force yet. Hereand there you may see the well-known face of some member of the “third house,” as the crowd of lobbymen is styled. Most of .these “borers” are ex-members of the House or the Senate. As a general thing they were members of the legislative ring, corrupt, mercenary, on the make, always looking out for a chance to “got 5n their hook,” and never refusing their share of “a divy.” They prowl round the hotels now, and are always ready to apply the knowl edge gained by repeated sales ot their own votes, to engineering through any scheme which may be presented, no matter how rascally it may be. They know the mem :bers of the present ring, know where to find them at any hour of the day or night, know how to approach them, know their value, know their price, and contract for their sale. Of course they make a fair per centage, and a shrew’d professional lobbyist can make plenty of money at Harrisburg. A certain man who spends his winters lier e has bought one fine, farm after an other, on his return home in the spring with the proceedsof a winter’s work. These fellows will soon be on hand in full force. Then business will commence in earnest; the “ snakes ” will crawl out of their holes, 1 and “ roosters ” will strut, and " pinchers” ■ creep around. Up to this time the chances • for stealing have not been very great, and many members are wearing rather seedy clothes and "keeping house economically.” An old member received a delegation of friends the other night at his room, and, on their remarking tbatrwhiskey did not seem to be as plenty as it last winter, be told them to “ wait untir&uai/tcss got brisker,” remarking, with an oath, that ho “never saw a session open so poorly.” The Sena torship did not furnish a chance to nufke much of a raise, tlie Radical members being already owned by tbo Pennsylvania Cen tral and Simon Cameron ; the sum paid by certain banks for the election of Bob. Mackey as State Treasurer'was mostly gobbled up by a few ; and up to this date the thieves have not made much, but they are all living in hopes of a chance to steal something soon. A SPECIMEN FINCHER. The limited opportunities for stealing which this session has so far offered led to the introduction into the House of a moat undisguised “pineber” the other day. Charles Kleckner, a Radical member from Philadelphia, offered a resolution, appoint ing a committee, of which he expected to bo made chairman, inquiring about an excur sion trip which was made by some of the officers of the North Pennsylvania Railroad last summer. The trick was so perfectly transparent as to be seen at once. This fel low Kleckner wanted to squeeze a little money out of the Company, to be' paid a few hundred dollars for ceasing to harass the officers. He is a fair specimen of the kind of fellows whp frequently represent the Radicals of Philadel phia. Physically he is a bull-headed, beetle-browed brute, with coarse sorrel hair, and as hirsute as Esau; his coun tenance indicates a combination of sordid meanness and sodden sensuality; ho is densely ignorant,but brazenly impudent. He keeps a hotel on Third street, which ha 3 an unenviable reputation, being reputed to bo used as an assignation house. This is his second winter at Harrisburg, and he hits boon olei'fed both times by fraud. Just, before each election he emptied the Alms House, of its paupers and stowed them away in his hotel. He only had fifty or sixty majority last fall. He is a sample specimen of tho genus “ pineber.” TIIE PASTER AND FOLDER SWINDLE. The outrageous swindle in tho pasting and folding business has been pretty well ventilated. The people have been made aware of the fact that Messrs, Rauch and Cochran offered to do the whole ot this business for one-tenth of what it will now cost. They know how this proposi tion to save some forty thousaud dollars was unceremoniously rejected. They know too that the House persisted in repealing the resolution of last winter, limiting the number of employees to thirty-four, and that they have added twenty-seven extra employees, when the number already chosen was. more than sufficient to do all the work. The refusal of tho Senute to con cur in this outrage did not baulk the thieves of the House. On Monday night they call ed Elisha W. Davis, the lute Speaker, to the Chair, and proceeded to put the abomina tion through. Mr. Strang, the man who is recognized as the Republican leader, made along speech in fuvorof the infamous prop osition. Dr. Uatcholl, of this county, also spoke, admittiug tho perfidy display ed by him in helping to kill .the proposition of Messrs. Cochrau and Rauch. The Democrats raised the point of order that the House could not thus sum marily override the joint resolution of last winter, limiting the number of employees, j and that the refusal of the Souate to concur j in the proposed increase had killed it; but ' Mr. Dayis took high ground, and decided j that the Constitution of the State gave to J each body of the Legislature full power in ; this matter, quoting the clause which says, ! “ Each House shull choso its Speaker and 1 other officers.” This decision was received , with applause, and twenty-seven useless offi- \ cials, who will cost tho State about that many thousand dollars, were summarily j voted into office. This is the first time the | Radicals have been known to show any ; reverence for the Constitution for years. t What a profound decision it was, to be sure. ! It makes every employee about the House ; an officer, and determines that no law can i bind future Legislatures, or prevent either j House from employing a thousand useless officials, if mercenary members should de- J cide to filch money from the State in such a j way. It protects such cases as that of Illy us, and would allow any number of idle fellows to draw large salaries without ever being present at the Capitol for an hour. The Patriot runs its commentary in a humorous , view and says truly : “Davis thus decides that the twenty seveltl extra pasters and folders are “ officers ” i under the Constitution, and no law of the Commonwealth can interfere with the right of the House to employ as many as it may please. Lott, who was only a member last winter—a high private merely—is now “an officer,” being paster. No mere law of the Commonwealth can oust him of possession. The Constitution protects him, and Davis is its wise interpreter. The good women who sweep out waste paper, tobacco quids, and “ old sojers,” are not they “officers” according to this profound deci sion ? The pages who run with such alacrity bearing water to the stentorian Strang wheu he harangnes the House in favor of his res olution, are “officers” just as well. The useful individuals who officiate in the tem ple of Cloacina in the basement, and cut tissue paper, are by the same iugenicnuj in terpretation “officers”—and so is*ex- Speaker Davis an officer when he tempor arily occupies the chair. RECREANT DEMOCRATS. Several Democrats aided the Radicals in perpetrating this outrageous swindio. We are glad to know there were but five of 1 them. Their names are Josephs, Beans, Ease, Kerr and McMiller. Josephs is more than suspected of being in constant league with the ring. Such 'men are a dis grace to the Democratic party, and they de serve to be indignantly repudiated. On the final passage of the paster swindle only Josephs and McMiller had the hardihood to vote with the Radical thieves. Beans and Kerr yoted nay, and Kaae did not vote. Let the Democracy of the State mark every man who is not perfectly honest, and let none such be allowed a chance to soil the fair fame of the party in future. A (iLANCE INTO THE CELLAR. A glance into the basement where the pasting and folding is done, will convinoe tiny .one that there was no need for the extra force employed. We saw some four fellows smoking cigars and loungl ng in comfortable attitudes, butonlyoneat work. H»\vas a filg £ot-bel!ied chap, weighing about two hundred, with huge paws, and his awkward attempts to fold and paste a small pile of documents were truly laugh able. As a rule, one-half of them are al ways absent from Harrisburg, at home, or elsewhere, and not one half the rest are employed at any time. Daring the first days of the session a great foss was made about the amount of work, and it was hard for a Democrat to get a document folded, but this was all a mere sham for the pur pose of inducing a belief that more force was needed. The pasters and folders afid-other useless officials, when they are at Harrisburg, spend much of their time lounging before the grates in the House, or lolling on the desks of absent members, franking documents to their friends. The awkward superscription, of any underling, that of “ A. S. Wiper, H. R?,” for instance, will carry a document just as well as the. frank of the Speaker of either House. The postage bill of the Senate last year was $13,- 125.73, that of the House $19,350.04. This matter of free postage needs to be investi gated. The other day a member of the House was noticed sending oat packages on each of which the postage was five dol lars, or over. Whether they contained groceries for his family, or were his Bhlrts being sent borne to be washed is not known. A gentleman who ought to know states that the number of employees now abont the House is one hundred and sixteen, and that there is an ayerage in the Senate of one &Dd a half to each member of that body. Last year and year before some Radical mem bers of the House wore reported to have sons at college for whom they drew pay as employees. A cheap way of educating their boys. There is so much of this petty rascality that it would make a very loog chapter to enumerate it. ELECTION OF A UNITED STATES SENATOR, The election of John Scott to the United States Senate attracted very little attention. Most of the strangers present camp from the sleepy, little, old town of Huntingdon. The Pennsylvania Railroad sent up a splen did new silver palace car to convey its representative in the U. S. Senate to the scene of his triumph, Court being in ses sion, was adjourned, and the whole bar of Huntingdon came down in the special train, with any number of hangers-on* The Democrats decided in caucus to sup port Hon. Win. A. Walluce. This was a deserved compliment to an honest mac, a vigorous thinker, an eloquent speaker, and a live young statesman. Tho voting in each Houso was very quietly done, no great crowd being present in tho galleries. On Weduesday, when the olection of Mr. Scott was ratified in joint convention, there were still fewer present. With the close of the caucus, in which the Pennsylvania Rail road and Simon Cameron carried matters with so high a hand, all excitement in regard to the Senatorial coutest in this State ended. RASCALLY LEGISLATION. Tho Radicals nave ceased to pay any re gard either to law or decency. Whenever a contest occurs, in which the spoils of office aro at stake, they uro ready to ride rough shod oyor acts of Assembly aud all custom or precedent. This spirit has been plainly exhibited in regard to tbo election cases in Philadelphia. Not only aro they preparing to oust Judge Greenbauk, who was unques tionably fairly elected ; but they havejpuss ed an act giving the office of Collector of Taxes temporarily to the Radical candidate, and that after a majority of Republican election officers had given the certificate of election to Mr. Melloy, the Democratic candidate, Tho bill to take from Mayor Fox control of the police of tho city will also no doubt pass. These outrages have been committed in spite of the earnest pro tests of such Radical journals as the Postt the Telegraph and tho Bulletin , and the earnest utterances of tho Ledger. A few Republicans have had the honesty to refuse to endorse such outrageous proceedings for the purpose of securing a temporary parti san advantage. When the bill preventing Mr. Melloy from entering upon his office was passed, Mr. Nicholson, of Beaver, voted against it, giving his reasons for doing so in plain words, and denouncing it ns a “ po litical blunder worsothan a crime.” THE VOTE OF THE STATE. Tho two Houses met in joint convention Inst Tuesday morning, for the purpose of receiving the returns of the State election. The vote for the different candidates stood as follows: For Auditor General, John F. Ilartranft had 351,410 votes. Charles E. Boyle had 321,911 vot#». For Surveyor General, Jacob M. Camp bell, had 331,126 votes. Wellington H. Enthad 321,937 votes. John F. Hartranft was thereupon de clared duly elected as Auditor General for the next ensuing three years.from the first Tuesday in May next. Jacob M. Campbell was also declared as duly elected for the next three years, from the above date. THE I’ROSrECT. The present legislature has already shown a disposition to be recklessly ex travagant, and has exhibited such a disre gard lor law and decency, that it may be safely predicted that it will pass out of ex istence with a worse reputation than any which has ever preceded it, When we say that, we fix the standard of infamy, corrup tion and rottenness. Wo the following correspondence be tween a number of prominent Den joratsof Franklin county and the Hon. Af Packer, in regard to the gubernatorial nomination, in the last issue of the Valley Spirit : Ciiambersburo, Jan. 12, ISG9. Dear Sir :—As the time is fast approach ing when the people of Pennsylvania will again be called upon to elect a Governor, attention is naturally directed to the selec tion of a proper candidate. Believing, in common with many of our democratic and conservative friends, that yon possess, in a high degree, the qualifications essential for the position, and that your election would redound to the future advancement of our good old Commenwealth in all that consti tutes true greatness, wo would request you to inform us whether you will permit the use of your name in connection with the nomination in the next State Convention. Yours respectfully. Wm. Mc’Oellan,*J. M’D. Sharpe, Geo.JW. Brewer, A. H. Senseny, B. Y. Hamsner, W. S. Stenger, 11. M. White, T. B. Kennedy, John Armstrong, Alex Martin, D. K. Wun derlich, Benj. F. Nead, Jacob Heyser, Geo. W. Welsh, Simon Bitner, James L. Reily, John S. Ximmon. Mauch Chunk, Jan. lfi, ISG9. Gentlemen :—Your favor of the 12th inat., desiring to know whether I will consent to the use of my name in connection 'with the nomination for Governor in the next Dem ocratic and Conservative State Convention, has been received. The same inquiry has been made by nu merous other friends from different sections of tho State, to which I have uniformly re plied that I did not desire the nomination, and in view of all the cares and responsi bilities to be assumed by tho nominee of the convention in the event of a successful can vass, my reply to you would, if my own views and feelings were consulted, be of the same tenor. But there are due from every man, public as well as private duties, and if the Convention, after considering the sub ject in all its bearings, should in its wisdom decide to confer the nomination on me, I will not consider myself at liberty to declino. With thanks for the very complimentary manner in which your partiality has induced you to bring this subject to my attention, I am, geDtleman, Your friend and ob’t serv’t, Asa Packer. Hnlcidcon the Street. Shortly after 11 o’clock last night, while Policeman Edwards was engaged In trying the doors on his post, when in Astor-place, in the vicinity of Lafayette-place, he heard the repprt of a pistol but a abort distanco away, and, turning around, saw a man ly ing on the pavement on tho opposite side of the street. Ho examined the man, and found that he was dying, the ball having entered the forehead and passed upward into tho brain. Death ensued in a few moments. Tho body was taken to the Mer cer street, Police Station, where it was dis covered to be that of John Fritz, a German, aged 30 years, lately arrived in this coun try, who has been boarding near the place where he was found. In his possession was found a note, addressed brother George, in care of Messrs. Straaburger & Nuhn, at No. 394 Broadway, announcing that he had packed his clothing, and settled his board bill to tho 19th inst., and being tired of liviog, bad concluded to end his trouble by taking his life. The body was removed to tbe Morgue. Coroner Rollins was informed of the affair, and will hold an inquest to-day.— N. Y. Tribune . American International Exposition. It will be remembered that in the report submitted to Gov. Bullock by J. M. Usher, principal agents for Massachusetts to the Paris exhibition, it was suggested that a like exhibition should beheld in this coun try in 1876, and when the medals and diplo mas were presented to the successful exhib itors, Dr. 0. T. Jaokson offered a resolution to memorialize Congress “to consider propriety of inviting all nations to join with us in a grand international exposition of industrial arts, to be held at Washington, commencing oh the 4th of July, 1876* and continuing, that, our jubilee year,” tbe being a year that marks a century sfnee the Declaration of Independence. On Wednesday, a mooting in reference to this matter was held at Boston, where speeches were made by several gentlemen, and a committee of nine was 1 appointed to consider the subject of an International exposition in 1876, and report at another meeting what action is deemed expedient. I A TRIP TO TBR SOUTH. EDITORIAL HOTES, XII. The Cemetery at Augaata, lying within the boundaries of the city, Is large and very beautiful; its beauty is not caused by numbers ot finely cut monumental mar bles erected over its dead nor by any nat ural features of the flat ground enclosed within the walls ; it comes from the luxu riant greenness of the trees and hedges, en framing the many colored flowers and bril liant white camelias that adorn and most especially from the superlative amount of care iwhich is bestowed upon keeping it neat and iu good order. It did not surprise us to find the public walks and drives without a leaf or twig upon them, or apparently a graid of sand out of place, for this degree of care we are not un accustomed to find in well-kept cemeteries; but we were astonished to observe the neat ness prevailing in every family lot. These were very rarely fenced around with iron, but generally with an evergreen hedge, the prevalent, as well as the prettiest species used, being the euonlmus. These hedges were invariably kept evenly cnt, being us ually trimmed with a square or slightly rounded top, at a height of about three feet. Within them the lots were in perfect order, not a weed trespassing upon the paths, nor a flowering plant showing sigu of Inattention, while bouquets of freshly cut flowers rested upon many of the mounds. We were told that It was the habit of one of the female members of each family in the city, to devote one morn ing in every week to tbo family burying ground ; and as we wulked through the cemetery we noticed, at u number of places, ladies attended by a servant and, trowel In band, busily engaged in the work of reno vation. We saw but two or threo lots in the whole cemetery which were untrimmed and uncared for. Among this people love for the deud is not buried with the body.— A part of the cemetery wtis set apart for the burial of Confederate soldiers, who lie side by side, ibeir names marked upon neat white head boards. Opposite where they laid the cemetery wall was loop-holed for riflemen, in anticipation of a cavalry' raid upon the city. Numerousearthworks • are thrown up around the town and a largo military force was hold hero idle during Sherman’s march, in the expectation that he would tnke this route to iho sea; which he did not do. With extensive railway and water con nections, the trade of Augusta is drawn from a wide scopo of country. But few boats, however, we wero surprised to find, run on the river betweon it and Savannah. Notwithstanding the greater cost of trans portation, cotton is carried to ttio seaport almost entirely by rail, because of its more speedy delivery. (J corgi a is probably the most prosperous of the Southern States, and is very rapidly recovering from tho ef fects of the war. We were very anxious to jueet Father Ryan, tho distinguished author of “ The Conquered Banner,” and other Southern pooms of great merit, one of which, written upon the death of his brother in battle, was read to us with great feeling by a ludy in Charlotte; but the Reverend gentleman was engaged in tho confessional, and v/e won; not able to see him. We passed a very pleasant cveningat the residence of Mr. Cohen, a banker of the city, whoso acquaintance we had formed on the way from Columbia, through some of our parly haviug unfortunately con sumed the abundant lunch which he had provided for his own and his friends re freshment on the way. They were very good-naturedly forgiven, and ho afterwards placed us under still further obligations by his hospitality. Early on Sunday morn ing wo took the cars on tho Augusta and | Charleston railroad on our return to Colura- I bia, and gradually passing into the swamps, we traveled Southeast to Brnnehville, about half way to Charleston, where our train was shifted to the road going North, along the Edisto and Saluda, ihn tinuous swamps covered wUUJ23§aßgysu pine; a great deal of it but nearly useless because of tho difficulty of getting it out ot the morass. The cypress grows only in water, whoso habitual depth is shown by the base of the tree, which is several times larger in diameter than the part of the trunk remaining out of water, to which it tapers as does tho blunt head of an arrow to the shaft. Many of the trees were completely covered with a grey color ed moss, hanging in graceful festoons from their brauches. Tbeso swamps cover tho untirfi country between here and the coast, near which along the rivers and estuaries are the famous rice plantations which used to be worth several hundred dollars per acre ; now they can lie bought for very lit tle money, sinco it is nearly Impossible to work them without forced labor. Rice is grown under water during a good portion of the season, tho laud being so Arranged as to bo flooded at pleasure. The. wuter is let in upon it three times during its growth, the last lime, which is called “tho long flow,” remaining for six weeks ; after each flooding it must bo worked, of course in deep mud, and a great deul of labor of | liko character is iucurred in keeping up the embankments, ditches and drains. Rice planting is therefore very hard and disagreeable work, and is also very un healthy ; so that free negroes cannot bo in duced to work at it, and to white men it would be certain death. In slavery times, tho planters could only save their slaves by the strictest regulations ; they were not allowed to leave their lmts until the suu, high up, bad dispersed the morning mist, and they were drawn oil' from their work before tlio shades ot evening began to fall. Their cabins were generally placed along the edge of tho swamp, it being found, singu lar as it may sceru, that this was n safer locu tion thau on adjacent bigherground ; indi cating that the miasma rises up abovo Iho swamp some distance before passing oil. We believe the same fuct is observed along our northern streams. * Fevernnd ague roigns a Sovereign I’rinte overall the coast country of the Caroiirms, and tho Inhabitants do not seem at all restive under itsrulu. They say that it sel dom kills, and as long as you have it you are pretty safe against other diseases. Ono man told us that all his little children had a heavy “shake” in the morning, every day or two, but it never interfered with their appetite for dinner •, be had been likewise blessed all his life, until some years ago he had tbe bad taste to desert his old love for typhoid fever, and the ague had declined thereafter to have anything more to do with him. It is a jealous mistress, and will ac cept no divided allegiance. People can get need to anything, and hero they have got so used to shaking that it constitutes the chief amusement of their live*, and they would be at a loss to know what to do with out it. After crossing the Saluda Rivcrjuat above its junction with the Catawba inform the Santee, we were joined by tho Wilmington and Manchester R. It. running down from Wilmington. In the afternoon we reached Columbia, and look tho cars again early next morning, having accepted the kind invitation of Col. Hammett, President of the Greenvillo and Columbia R. It.Joadinginto tbe Northwestern corner of Smith Curolina, to take an excursion over the line of that road, a hundred and forty or fifty miles In length. Tbe road passes through the best cotton i region of tbe State. Wo went up tho valley of tbe Broad River, crossing it at Alston, where a branch railroad goes oil'through a fine country toSpartansburgln tbe northern port of tbe State; turning westward we passed through Newberry, tho flourishing county seat of a famous cotton county of the same name, from which a branch road starts northward to Laurens ; then crossing tho Saluda and turning northward, we came to “ Ninety-six,” a place of Revolutionary fame, where we all got off the cars while the train stopped; not, we fear, because of any intense desire to tread upon grouod hallowed by Revolutionary memories, but because we descried upon the platform of the station, a pretty face. Now this was rather an I unusual experience for us; not that there are not plenty of pretty girls in the South, but that wo did not often have the pleasure of meeting them on the streets or the high roads; they do not seem to bo much given to walking about and we were compelled. ! to seek them in the parental residence. ' Well, this lady at “ Ninety-six,” who we were first told was the daughter of the Con- j gressman who damaged Charles Stunner's I : soft skull, but who we were afterwards more i reliably informed was a daughter of Maf. E A , a neighboring planter, was dressed j! in a riding habit, which she held gathered in her whip hand as she gracefully leaned upon a bale of cotton and talked with her cavalier, while she eyed this great invasion of Northern barbarians. She created a great sensation among us,and we resolved that if we ever adopted a coatof arms, it should be a lady in a riding habit, leaning upon a cotton bale and, perchance,holdlng her steed by the bridle. The remorseless cars would move on and War as away, but our suscop tible hearts never ceased palpitating until wo got off for tho day at Hodge’s Depot, to visit Cokesbury and Abbeville. This depot had achieved a reputation a month before our visit, fromlts having been tho scene of the murder of n negro mem ber of the South Carolina Legislature, named Randolph, we believe. He wa H standing ou Iho platform of a first-class passenger car when ho was approached by three white men, supposed to bo strangers In the neighborhood, as they were nevor afterwards recognized, each one of whom fired a ball into him. Tho negroes in tho State generally have got tho idea in their heads that this was done because Randolph insisted on riding In a flrst-cluss car, and consequently ever sinco they iously refrained from offending in liko manner; bnt this was not tbo reuson wo heard assigned for the murder, which was that tho victim hud made a spoech iu which he declared, that a word from him would cause tho destruction of the houses anil property of all the white men in tho Stulo* incendiary language enough, but it should have been punished iu some otheT way. Tho State has got a force of constabulary, a detachment of whom hail come up, tired off a volley of musketry before the residence of a farmer for no ostensible reason but t<» alarm his sick wife, and had arrested two 1 or threo other citizens who had not the re motest connection with the murder by way of exhibiting their efficiency. They seemed to be afraid to move about, exvpt in huge parties, but without reason so i.tr as wo could see, since all the citizens wo met wero as peaceable and quiet as they well could bo. Most persons, blacks as well as white, carry pistols In this country, but we walked about unarmed on tho roads, and late iu the evening, without meeting the slightest enuso for apprehension. We walked over to Cokesbury, about two miles from the railroad, a pleasant little village, when* wo met Hr. tieary and several other as hospita blo and clever gentlemen as it would be . possible to encounter. We wore introduced by them to the shoemaker of the village, a respectable looking mulatto, win* was a member of the Legislature ol the .Mate, and who, wonderful to say, was and had be< n all his lilo a Democrat; ho had however just resigned his position because, as In* ex plained to us } of the disugrooablomature of his situation in the Legislature as the only colored Democratic member. The land about here is sandy,|but is good cotton -.oil ; with careful cultivation and manures a bale of -ICO pounds of ginned cotton to tho acre is realized; with ordinary cul tivation, without much manure, perhaps not more tlnufilialf a bah'. The manures used are guano and plaster; lime is not used, we* suppose because it cannot be had at a reasonable cost Vi-t it might be lur nished to this section, as we understood there was an out-croping of limestone near 1 Laurens, not far away, and the stone is also found at the head of this railroad, near ■ the base of the Blue Ridge; but it is not as yet burned to any extent, and the lime 1 used for building and plastering purposes * is brought from the seaports at an expense of some two dollars or more per barrel- All the ordinary houses in this country are ceiled Willi wood, because of ns greater cheapness. I lUIOIUAI. NOTKN, XIII, Most of our party accepted the invitation of our friends at Cokesbury to stay with them over night, but two of us concluded to like the evening train over the branch railway, about ten miles long, running to Abbeville, the county seal, and so we walk ed back to tho depot. While wailing for the train, we went nut to see a place of acres which Mr. Kadelilfe, a gentlemanly Hlorekeoper el “ Hodges,'’ told us was for sale; it was a mile away, and on the mud wo endeavored to overhaul a horseman to ascertain its exact locality; as lie declined stopping for us wo had to run last to catch up lolling and when we did so, wu found him with his hand on the pistol in his belt and realized that we had narrowly escaped being shot as highwaymen ; but he was ex cusable on that lonely road, and night ap proaching, in looking with suspicion upon two men pursuing him at the top of their speed. Tho farm was u fair one with ordinary buildings. Part of the land was sandy and only suitable for cotton, and the other part was a red clay, well adaplod for corn, and not for cotton. Wo ol'len found these two noils close . together in the Carolinas, frequently as hero dividing farms; iu rail road cuts wo would see the meeting of tin two colors marked by a straight line. <>n this place there was u brick-kiln, although tho bricks did not seem to be good, the clay having in it too much sand* A good deal of tho lund was “ worn out,” us is the elisi on every Southern farm. Thu planters have hitherto always worked their land, without attempting to keep it up, until it oeased to produce, and then they would cut down tho forest ami plant tills new land, letting tho old glow up in pines; in the course of years this worn out land would get in heart again, and the pines being cut down, it would be oneo more cultivated.— They thought they could afford to do this, because of tho cheapness of lands and the large amounts they held. A different theory ot cultivation prevails now. Tin planters seem now to ho unanimously of tiie opinion that it is mo hr profitable to manure heavily and work thoroughly a small portion of land than to manure and work lightly a much larger surface ; so they are doing this and reducing the Hize of their farms. A genllemnn in Columbia told us that by careful cultivation with less thun ten dollars wortli of manure lie hud raised oil'of his lot in the town, containing seven-eighths of an acre, three halos of cot ton, wortli to-day $:>:>(), which iiluslrales tbo truth of the new theory. Hood lands with improvements can be bought through out this county for from four to ten dollars per acre. The day whs tho first Monday in tho month, which is tin* public sale day a! nil tho comity towns; Abbeville was there fore crowded, and the mcun whites, full o 1 mountain dew, handled their pistols ns though their discharge could do no harm. Drimkon men flourishing shooting irons are not very pleasant companions ; but on this occasion no bod}- was hurt, possibly becaaso they lake their whiskey hen* with out fusil oil, the fashionable ingredient at the New York saloons. A number of prop erties were sold during the day by execu tors and trustees at low piices; but these sales do not always give the real market value of property, for many’ of the estate's aro bought in for the widow or children, and It is not customary’, nor would it per haps bo altogether safe for a strungor to in terfere with tho family arrangements, by bidding the properly up to its value. Abbeville is a pretty’ little village with a population of some five or six hundred, ami a hotel big enough for a town o f ‘ ten times Its size. It lies nicely along the top of a ridge, and has in it some fine dwellings with very handsome grounds attached, the residences of planters whoso plantations are in tho surrounding country, but who, on account of its greater convenience, so ciabilitynud boaUbfulness, prefer to Jive in tho village. This a Common custom in tho South. j MosP of our party l>oing ancient mar ried men, who bad exhausted the leuve*s of absence which their wives had vouchsafed unto them, here determined to face homo . word, aided In theirdecision to go no nearer 1 the mountains by tho increasing cold ; they therefore left us at Hodges, being conveyed aouthwurd by our kindguide, Major Gibbs, the present Superinteudant of tho road, and Mr. Clarko, of Maryland, and myself ; took the train northward to Pendleton.— The railway forks at Belton, one branch > running up twenty-five miles to Greenville 1 its terminus, and the other,tenjmlles to An derson, whero it joins tho Blue Ridge rail road, which is in cqurso ot construction to Knoxville, Tennessee, being the only link remaining to be finished to forma through railway connection between Cincinnati and ! the Southern Atlanticseaeoast. East ofthc ' Blue Ridge, the road is finished some ) twenty-five miles to Walhalla, a llourlsh j ing German town, someten or fifteen miles . from the mountains, through which a tun ! nel is now being made. Another railroad is projected running from Atlanta, Georgia l| through this corner of South Carolina to I Charlotte, North Carolina, which If made, ■will become port of the main Jllne between tho Northeast and Southwest, east of the mountains. It was surprising to us to ob serve tho great activity prevailing in the South in railway matters; it entirely tran scends anything wo appear to bo capable of in the North. Their main lines are not paying and the stock of their side lines sells for little or nothing ; yet they are not discouraged from
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