WEDNESDAY* JANUARY 13,1809. More Negroes to Be Cared For* For several years past the negro has engrossed the attention of Congress, almost to the entire exclusion of other matters.' Any bill which had the in evitable African in it was sure to be placed hist on the calendar, and to be promptly brought forward and pressed through. An examination of the acts passed since the war will show what an undue preponderance has been given to such measures. For the purpose of car* rying out their fanatical views in rela tion to this class an immense drmy has been kept up, and the Freedmen's Bureau with its host of officials main tained. Many millions of money have been thus uselessly squandered every year. But the Radicals are not content, c Costly as the management of Jhe 'negroes In the Bouthjiaa proved^ the present Congrese.-'is disposed to go still further in that direction. The latest evidence of their wonderful phi lanthropy 1b to be found in thestartling fact, that the iCommittee on Foreign Affaire have instructed Gen. N. P. Bunks to report a bill authorizing the President to establish a protectorate over Hayti and St. Domingo. In those two Islands the negro has held undisputed sway for more thau half a century. And what is the result? The richest lands in this western world have been reduced to barrenness or returned the wilderness. Tiie blacks have re lapsed into their normal condition of slothful indoleuce, and the exports of Hayti, which, reached about twenty ■nine millions of dollars in 1789, on not now amount to more than five millions. San Domingo shows even a worse con dition of affairs. The capacity of the negro forself-governmenthasbeen thus tested on our own coast, and the proof given in unmistakable form that *s a race they arc utterly unfit to manage public affairs even on the most limited scale. One revolution after another lias followed in quick succession, and dur ing almost three quarters of a century no man of sufficient capacity to rule properly Ims been produced. To-day there is no stable government, and different contending factions are en gaged in cutting the throats of each other. The proposition to establish a protec torate over these black barbarians ought to receive no countenance. This is no time for this country to burthen itself with any such charge. It is costing us many millions of dollars a year to take care of the negroes we have at home. To attempt to burthen us with the charge of the miserable barbarians of Hayti nud San Domingo would be an outrage of the grossest character. That the Radi cals in Congress will undertake it we have no doubt. They are crazy upon the subject of the uegro. He is the chief object of their care, and we may antici pate tiie adoption of the resolution which has been reported. The Radicals want Hayti and San Dojningo admitted to the Union as States, and the proposi tion to extend a protectorate over them is tho initiatory step. The experiment would not only prove to be a costly out*, but it would be productive of unmiti gated evil. Still we expect to see it put through. We-have learned from experi ence that unwise legislation is the rule with the Radicals. Movements In the Stale Legislature. The developments which have taken pluee since the assembling of our State .Legislature have exci’jd much news paper comment, uml\considerable feel ing among the A majority of the Radical jouruuhr have carefully concealed the ruscality which has been practiced, but here and there one, more honest,thau the rest,\has spoken out. i The outrageous increase of useless em- I ployees about the two Houses has been noticed quite generally, people I are getting disgusted with the undis-i guised corruption and extravagance which prevail, and there are healthy indications of the growth of a just in dignation against the thieving dispo sition of tiie Radical majority. While the masses of the Republican ! party are ready to admit that? Julim Scott is a man of ability, theyilo no* like the way in which he was nominated for United Mates Senator. They know that he was put forward as the candi date of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company and of Simon Cameron, and i that a majority of the members of the | Legislature were and are completely j under the control of Lhese two contract- j ing parties. No one pretends to doubt, that tiie four members of the Housffc j from this couuly were made candidates \ by a ring which was pledged u/ control ■ them in the interest of Cameron. The ousting of General Irwin, and* the nomination of R. W. Mackey for | State Treasurer is admitted to have! been effected by a combination between , Simon Cameron, nud certain banks; which desired to be made the depositor- I ies of the State funds. The masses of the people of Pennsyl vania have had sufficient ■ experience with ItadicaUnembera 1 of the Legisla ture. They have been promised reform from year to year; but the corruption and rascality ny hich heretofore disgraced the State still prevails. Aud it will not end until the .Radicals are soundly beaten. Each new successor that party is claimed members as an en dorsement oLils acts, and those who are elevated to power from its ranks very properly consider themselves licensed to steal by being elected. We shall never have an lJpnest aud reputable State administration rule of the men who"" cuutrlsfthu Republican party in Pennsylvania Only through the defeat of that corrupt organization at • the ballot box can any reform be effected. bon. John Scott, The'l-lon. Juhu Scott, who has been nominated by the Republicans for United States Senator, is an able lawyer of Huntingdon. He was a Democrat tip to lftCll, when lie accepted a nomina tion for the Legislature from the Re publicans. He.only served ouesession, decliningare-election. We havekuown Mr. Scott personally for .a number of .years, and are familiar with thereputa tiou be bears in the community where he is best known, and we must say that i he has always had a high reputation for ! honesty and integrity. We believe he will make an ableand uprigbtSenator; and that he will not allow his public conduct to be influenced by the some what suspicious circumstances which j attended his nomination. i Repeal or the Tenure of Office Bill, • On motion of Washburn, Grants especial friend, a resolution repealing the Tenure of Office Act has been rushed through the lower House of Congress. The vote stood, yeas 11G, nays 47. The Democrats mostly voted for the repeal. The noes came from the extreme men of the Republican party, suc?h Radicals as Schenck, Garfield, Jenks, Farns worth, Poland, Shellabarger, Mercur and Moorhead leading ofF in the negar" ive. An attempt will be made to defeat the repeal of the bill i n the Senate, and the Radicals of that body aresaid to be loathe to give up their control of the offices. It is generally believed, how ever, that it will be repealed so as to al low Grant all the powers employed by liis predecessors. This action is an open confession that the Tenure of Office Act was not based upon any constitutional grouud or founded in principle; but that it was a mere partisan measure, adopted by the Radicals to enable them to control the official patronage of the •General Government. . How Geo. Irwin Was Befeated. / It is currently rumore£ at Harrisburg that of fjwi. Irwin for State Treasurer was aided by ( certain banks, which had hot heretofore been’favored with deposits of moneys belonging to the Sttfte. It eeeins they were wilU°g to pay liberally for the purpose of effect ing a change, and the generally received opinion at the State Capitol is that cer tain institutions combined to raise the sum of seventy-five thousand dollars to buy the votes of purchasable Radical members for the festive Bob. Mackey. The law regulating the office of State Treasurer is radically wrong. He is paid a moderate salary, bat is allowed to deposit the revenues of the State in sueh banks as he rfmiy select, the banks being pay a liberal rate of interest for the use of the large sums thufc placed at their com mand; As things are now managed the average amount at the command of the State Treasurer counts up to millions of dollars. The result has been that Mr. Kemble and other State Treasurers have amassed very large fortunes. The proper way to do, would be)to re quire the public moneys of the State to be applied to payment of the debt at short intervals, instead of allowing' vast sums to accumulate and be used for thepurpose of enriching the State Treasurer. The ousting of Gen. Irwin by a combination of the Cameron fac tion with certain bankß, which expect to handle th&State funds, is only an other instance of the wide spread cor ruption which prevails in this State under Radical rule. The Inefficiency of Congress. It has been more than a month since the Forti&th Congress re-assembled, and it is safe to estimate that it has>cost the people Ht>t less than $lOO,OOO during that time in salaries and other forms of ex pense. Yet really nothing in the way of business has been transacted. Ten bills have been passed five of Which are for removing political disabilities from some loyal adherents of the Radi cal party in the South, several are fur pensions for some newly discovered heroes of the war of 181 i, one in refer ence to the tux on tobacco, and another repealing the prohibition against the organization of negro militia in the re constructed States. And yet, this Con gress met with a vast field of legislation before it. With the liuances in dis order, the tariff demanding immediate regulation, the shipping interests of the nation prostrate, the reconstruction fabric they had patched up tumbling to pieces, the Indian difficulties unad justed, and a multitude of other grave Subjects pressing for immediate consid eration, a whole month of precious time has been completely wasted. If it were reasonable to expect any more energetic action after the members are through their holiday spree, there would be less reason for complaint; but, judging this session by the last, we may expect to see nothing worth the name of .legislation accomplished. Nothing new of any importance is likely to be suggested, and the old errors and the crude and dilapidated legislation of the past will be left unrepaired. We pre dict that when the fourth of next March puts an end to this For ieth Congress, no man cau sum up half a dozen wise acts which have been passed by it. The Naturalization Laws. While the Radicals, in and out of Congress, are discussing means for re stricting foreigners in the facilities heretofore aflhrded them for becoming citizens of the United States, the New York Herald puts forth the most sensi ble suggestion upon the subject which I we have seen. Speaking of real and pretended frauds in naturalization it j says: : There is but one practical way of putting I an end to them at once and lorever, and ! that is by abolishing ike requirement of a five years’residence, or any other term oi residence, by loreigners before they cau be admitted to citizenship. There is really no sense or reason in that requirement. No one can sustain the proposition that the German or Irishmau or Frenchman who who co*mes here is improved in morals, in religion or political science by his having lived in New York, Boston, Philadelphia or Chicago for live years. In nine cases out of teu the very contrary is the fact. The poor emigrant is much more likely to have ail his good qualities spoiled than lih is to get rid of his bad ones ; and the man who, on landiug iu this country, is prepar ed to forswear his former allegiance and to lake tho oath to support tho constitution shuiijd be permitted Lo do so, and should be (hereupon invested with the rights of citi zenship. The Herald suggests that State aud municipal laws may intervene, as they do now, and require a certain term of residence in a State, or district, as a con dition of voting. That would obviate all difficulty about thejmatter. Indeed it has been the practice for years in several of the Northwestern States to allow unnaturalized foreigners to vote, subject only to the same restriction as na tive born citizens emigrating from any State in the Union. The Radicals hold that all tiie ignorant negroes of tiie coun try, South and North can be absorbed in the body politic without injury. With what face then, cun they refuse to grant equal privileges to the white liluropeaus who come to live among us. Will they deny that they are equal in intelli gence to the African barbarians of the rice aud cotton fields,- who have just been liberated from slavery? Let every foreign-born citizeu in the country mark what course the Radicals pur sue in regard to this important matter. The Inauguration Ceremonies, The N. Y. Times has a special tele gram from Washington, relative to the Inauguration of General Grant, which concludes as follows: “ Application will be made to Congress on Monday next, Committees on Pub lic Buildings, for the use of the Capitol for tho Inauguration Ball, it is proposed to uto ttie rotunda for dancing, the old hall of the House of Representatives for refreshments and the corridors for promenading. The rotunda will best magnificent ball-room, provided the stone boor is boarded so as to prevent dust, and sumo means uro devised to heat it sufficiently*” We hope no such desecration of the , National Capitol will be permitted.— These Inauguration Balls have degen erateoJuto scenes of unseemly revelry. The company preseut at the one ’ was far from being select, and Tlecent ! people were shocked by details of the : vulgarity and drunkenness which pre vailed. Many well bred people of standing aud refinement looked in upon the scene, but few such remained auy length of time. When supper was announced there was a rush and scram ble for the delicacies aud wines, amid which ladies were rudely jostled about, , their dresses torn and ruined, aud sev- J eral so alarmed that they fainted. The ! ball was gotten up as a speculation by some parties who no doubt made money out of it, as tickets entitling the holder to admission with oneortwoladies were sold to applicants at ten dollars a piece. We hope theuseof the National Capitol will not be given for any such pur pose. Let the speculators rent a hall, if they want to make money out of an inauguration ball. The Jfew York Election Investigation. A Committee of Radical Congress men have been sitting as a committee of investigation fora couple of weeks, with the avowed purpose of inquiring into certain reports relative to frauds in the New York election. Of course they nave found convenient and swift witnesses. On last Friday the Sheriff of the city stepped into the room where the commission was setting and arrest ed a number of those present to testify. He made a nice haul, gobbling up a lot of notorious English thieves, coun terfeiters, ancß.burglara. It is upon the evidence of such scoundrels that the Radical Committee expect to make out a ease against the Democracy of New York. Surely no comment is needed. THE LANCASTER WEEKLY rNTELLIG-EN'CER, WEDNESDAY, 13, 1869 Harder and Philanthropic. The other day a man was murdered and robbed in front of his own house, In open daylight,, on one of the princi pal streets pf New York city, and the murderers are still at large, undetected, and with .every prospect of their escap ing punishment; The New York Her ald seems to take a complacent vie«v of the affair. It Bays : No further tidings of the man who killed Mr. Rogers in Twelfth street. Bat what is the use of catching him, after all? We evidently cannot hang him. This is the State in which the theory was first developed that a man who kills another man most be insane, and Mr. Seward was the lawyer who developed it. It has been finally so much developed that the fact of the murder is accepted as evidence of the insanity. With the Cole ! case in yiew Is it worth while to try to hang any one? Mr. Bewa-d, when be gave lull effect to the plea of insanity on behalf of a negro who bad committed a.frightful mur der, saved a worthless life and made mur der free. This is the way of*phllanthropy. It has many tears for a murderer, but no regard lor society. Since the above was'written, the tele graph announces that the man accused of committing the murder has walked into a police station and voluntarily surrendered himself. Wehaveno that act will be educed as conclusive of evidence of his insanity. Since a New York jury- rendered the verdict that Cole was perfectly sane the moment be fore he murdered Hiscock, and equally sane the moment after the killing, but insane at the instant when the deed was committed, the chance of convict ing a murderer in that State is regarded as the very remotest contingent possi bility. Taxation of Judgments and Mortgages. From the inquiries addressed to us, we see that there is a good deal of mis apprehension as to the provisions of the law of April 4, 1868, relieving these se curities of all but State taxation. Some seem to think the Jaw applies only to securities for purchase money, and others that if does not apply to liens held upon land outside of the State or county. It will be seen by the text of the law which we republish below, that after the Ist of December last, no taxes are to be assessed upon any citi zens of the counties named, (except for State purposes,) upon mortgages, upon judgments or upon moneys owing upon agreements for the sale of real estate, aud it matters not where the land en cumbered is situated t Be it enacted, Ac., * ;>: * “That from and after the Ist of December next, no taxes of any description shall be assessed or collect ed except for State purposes, on or from mortgages, judgments, recognizances or moneys owing upon articles of agreement lor tho sale nf real estate; Provided, that nothing iti this act shall be construed to ap ply to mortgages, Judgments or articles of agreement given by corporations : Provid ing, Thut this act shall only apply to tho counties of Berks, Schuylkill, Luzerne, Clearfield, Allegheny, York, Delaware, Montgomery, Chester, Lancaster, Hunting don, Fulton, Bedford, Blair, Lebanon, j Clinton. Carbon, Monroe, Lehigh, Mif- j flin, Westmoreland, Northampton, Ju- ] niutu, Somerset, Indiana, Greene, Elk, | Forest, Franklin. Perry, Cumberland, J Dauphin, Lawrence, Lycoming, IJniou, j Snyder, Erie, Crawford, Bucks, McKean, ' Fayette, Philadelphia and Mercer.'y Pardons by Governor Geary During the pa9t year one hundred and six criminals have been pardoned by Governor Geary. Of these the follow ing were of this county: Andrew Yeager, convicted Nov. 22, “ Larceny Sentenced twelve years in couniy jail and a liue of twenty-twodollars, Pardoned Juu. IJ. Recommended by all the jurors, the prosecutors aud prison in spectors, D. VV. Patterson, George W. Bru baker, John A. Uclstund, Emiiu Franklin, John £l. Pearsol, J. B. Amwako and many others. Samuel Leachy, convicted Jan 2, ISGS. "Bigamy.” Ten dollars fine and three -mouths imprisonment. Pardoned Mar. 3. Recommended by Hod. J. VV. Fisher. Hon. Thomas JO. Franklin, Geo. W. Brubaker, John Strohtn, John A. Lleistuud, E. M. CJine, 0. J. Dickey, and others. Abraham Hetrick, convieied Nov. 21, I IStiii. "Larceny.” One hundred dollars .line, and threo years and three months in county prison. Pardoned Oct 6. Rec ominended by the president judgeffml district attorney’; D. W. Patterson. Thos E. Fruukljn, Jim. A. fcliestand, VV. F. Am weg, A, Herr Smith, VV. Carpenter, jr., Jus. B. Hayward, A. C, Hetrick, M. D., Jas. G. Wells, Henry’ Conklin apd many otheis. ' The latest news from Alaska is of a decidedly gloomy character. Three hundred of the inhabitants have left Sitka for the more genial clime of Rus sia within the last month, nearly de populating the capital of our new terri tory. One of the officers of our army stationed there has committed suicide. Ttrgfg’tliings are not to be wondered. — The home of the Walrus and the Seal is not a fitting dwelling place for any race of men except the Esquimaus. The Irredeemable Paper Dollar. We publish elsewhere an able article from the New York Times on the irre deemable paper dollar. It reads like Democratic talk, but the limes is well known as a leading Radical journal. On the subject of the currency, as well as upon almost every other question, Democratic doctrines are receiving the endorsement of the more sagacious Re publicans. A letter highly commendatory of Gen. Geo. V/. Gass, of Allegheny, as a can didate for Governor, will be found else where. It was written by a distin guished soldier iu the western part of this State. Tho New York Elcctlou Investigation. New Yore, Jan. 9.—The Evening Tele gram asserts that three or tour witnesses taken before the Congressional Investiga ting Committee iu this citv are notorious English thieves,counterfeiters and burglars; that they were the parties arrested by the sheriff, at the order of the District Attorney, and that they weresubsequentiy recognized by the police. One of them, rumor has it, has volunteered the information that they received sf>o apiece for their information concerning the election frauds. New York, Jan. 10.—A statement of Sheriff O’Brif-a is published, relative.to his arrest o.‘ the witnesses in attendance upon the Congressional committee to investigate the alleged election frauds in this State. The sheriff states that the committee sent for him on Friday afternoon to como over, that u man was swearing to things reflect ing upon his character. He told the committee that some of Ihe men outside wuiting to testify were thieves, and that Col. Wood had sent them over to testily against them,-und lie asked the com mittee for permission to take them to tho j S'ixth Ward station house,beforeCapt. Jour dan. who would identify them. Alter some j hesitation they consented, and he took three I men down to the station house and Capt. i Jourdan told him privately that they hung i about with thieves, but be did not like to ; say anything about it. He accuse* Marsh all Murray of hiring thieves to swear away , the character of respectable men. j Among the witnesses said to have been i examined before the Congressional Com | mtttee to investigate the alleged election frauds in this city, are Governor Hoffman, Judge MeConn, Hon. Win. M. Tweed, and others. Mr. Loow testified that naturaliza tion papers were issued by him only to such persons as had appeared before the Judge, authorized to confer naturalization upon -them.| The action of Sheriff O’Brien has created some feeling amoiig»ihe members oi the committee, ami it is said they will present it to Congress next week. The committee a short time ngo held a session in the County Clerk’s' office, when they examined the naturalizatiod’papers on tile, Tbc I.ate Lovell H. Rousseau, Major Gen L. H. Rousseau, commanding the department of ibegalf, who died at New Orleans last week, served as a captain of of volunteers during the Mexican war, and afterwards practiced law at Louisville, Ky. In 1801 he ardently espoused the cause of the Union. He commenced recruiting at Louisville, but was obliged to locate his camp on the Indiana side of the river, He was warned that the marching of his regi ment through Louisville would be the sig nal for a general rising, but as soon as he whs stroug enough, he broke camp and oc cupied the city. He served throughout the war with distinction, and rose to the rank of major general oi volunteers. After the war he wus elected to Congress from Louis isville. During the session he had a per sonal encounter with Mr. Grinnell, of lowa, for which bo received the censure of the House. He immediately resigned, but was again returned by bis constituents. In 1867 he was appointed a brigadier generalin the regular army, and was despatched Intake possession, in the name of the United States, of Alaska. He was summoned to Wash ington to testify in the impeachment trial, but did not arrive in time. Not desiring to return to his command in Alaska, the President assigned him to the command of the gulf department, where hisadminiatta tion has been in full accord with the Presi dential policy of reconstruction. His death leaves a second vacancy in the rank of brigadier ganeral, the other having been occasioned by the retiring of Gen. Hooker, Gen. Geo. W. Cass. tiEKTINe OF TBS STUB IEGISI/ATtRB. *nnnni Gathering of the Thieve* Batllcal Extravagance. An Arm 7 of Daeleu Officials One’to Every Member of.ine House. Love for the Soldiers. Aa Illustrated la tbe Senate and Uotue. The Senatorial Fight. A Crowd of Candidates. ■embers Do Hot Know Who They Will Tote For. Simon Says Vtig Wait, and They Wiggle Waggle. The Pennsylvania Railroad in the Fight. John &eott nominated at a Snddrn The Last Adherent ofthe Curtin Dynasty To mabairked. A G»y and Festive State Treasurer. “inr Boy” in the Bing. Scenes, Incidents, Ac., <fcc. The meeting of tbe present State Legisla ture of Pennsylvania baa been looked for ward to with much interest. Tbe people were led to expect that some effort at a reduction of expenditures would be at tempted, or at least that the thieves would try to cover their tracks a little more suc cessfully than their predecessors bad done. The House is largely composed of new members, and it seemed only reasonable to suppose that it would takegreen men, fresh from the rural districts, some time to learn the tricks which have made previous Radi cal Legislatures so completely infamous.. Those who indulged in such conjectures will be awakened from their dreams when they read tho true story of tho’proceedlngs of the first days of the session of 1869. THE GATHERING OF THE VULTURES. Tne crowd of adventurers who live by stealing, and grow fat npon the spoils of official corruption, flocked to Harrisburg earlier than usual this year. They were on band in strong force a full week before the session began, and, by Saturday before the day fixed for the organization of the two Houses, the Radical members were ail present. To outsiders there seemed to be no concert of action among them. The new members appeared to have no de cided preferences in regard to organization or for Senator. When questioned tfiey al most invariably gave evasive answers, de claring that they had not made up their minds. THE RADICAL CAUCUS ON ORGANIZATION' Contrary to all precedent the Radical caucuses for tho selection of officers of the two Houses was held on Saturday preced ing the week of meeting. They were re- I markably harmonious. Tho Speakership | of tbe House was, as usual, regarded as the i chief prize. John Clarke, of Philadelphia, | was nominated by acclamation. But, it j must not be supposed that he was chosen ! simply on account of superior fitness. The harmony of the caucus was due to a com bination of two powerful elements. He was the choice of Cameron ami the Penn sylvania Railroad, and this combination afterwards made tbe Senator. Clarke has been a contractor on the Pennsylvania Railroad, and his subset viency to that cor poration is only equalled by his unfalter ing devotion to the. fortunes of Simon Cam eron. The Cameron clau, finding the vic tory on the Speukorship so easily won, attempted to make a clean sweep, and Gen. Selfridge, the popular and efficient Clerk Of the House, came very near being ousted. He was only saved by aslight show of spirit on the part of a few membors who were not quite ready to do the bidding of Cameron in all things without question. With this siugle exception the preliminary caucuses of.bolh branches of tho Legislature were as obediently harmonious as Simon and tbe Pennsylvania Railroad could desire. AN ARMY OF MINOR OFFICIALS. The growth of extravagance in our Legis lature has become n cause of just and wide spread complaint. Thenumberofemployees has been increased;with.eachyearof Radical rule. Last session these attaches wore as numerous as the members of the two Houses Some of these appointees drew full pay* with the sanction of the Radical Auditor General, without having even been present at the Capitol for asingle day. All will re member the case ol Illyua of this’county The exposing of this infamous system led to the passage of a resolution which looked like an intention to reform the abuse. But like all Radical pretensions of this kind, it turned out to be a mere sham. "When the Radical caucuses met aproposltion to do the pasting and folding for §5,000 was presented by Messrs. Cochran and Rauch of this city. Last year the State paid nearly $50,000 to the small army which was ostensibly em ployed in duing what one man and half a dozen boys could easily acofonplish. Messrs. Cochran and Rauch are rc-spShsible parties, and they offered to give security in | any desired amouut for the perfect per i formance of their contract. They entrusted ! their proposition to Dr. Gatcbel, member of j the House from this county, and to Senator | Billingfelt. Gatchel presented the matter in j the House caucus, taking care, however, to kill it at once by declaring that he did not care to see it adopted. Of course it was kicked under the table, after that, without cere mony. The House had passed a resolution at the last session, limiting the whole num ber of ofiicers and employees to thirty Jour, That was regarded by economically dis posed members as quite too largo rnam bor, but it was the lowest figure that could be reached. Yet, no sooner do the Radical members of the new House get together than they pass a resolution increasing the number of employees to sixty-one, just ! enough to allow each Radical in that body the opportunity of drawing pay, equal to that of a member, for some favorite. Thus Lancaster county will be entitled to four such appointees. Whether the members intend to pocket the whole sum, or divide with their parasites is more than we know. In the Senate Mr. Billingfelt offered the proposition of Messrs. Rauch and Cochran in good faith, and, had ’ he been seconded by General Joe. Fisher, the Democrats, with Senator Wallace at their head, stood ready to sanction the pro posal. The defeat o£ this measure of reform may therefore be properly attributed to the members from Lancaster. Had Fisher seconded Billingfelt their two votes, with those of the Democrats, would have carried it through the Senate triumphantly. Gen. Fisher, after thfs, attempted to get up a little show of a disposition to re trench by raising a small row over half a dozen copies of Purdon’s Digest. If he was really desirous of saving money to the State why didn’t he support the proposition of Cochran and Rauch? The Radicals of the House openly declare, if the Senate should attempt to prevent the payment of the use less employees they have thus detailed, that they will refuse to pass the appropriation bill, and block the wheels of government. Never, in the history of all the corrupt legislatures with which- Radicalism has cursed Pennsylvania, was there a more brazen exhibition of a disposition to steal without blushing, than has been already displayed by that now in session. RADICAL LOVE FOR THE SOLDIERS. Love for the soldiers has formed the sta ple buncombe of Radical stump speeches ever since the war began. It has been din ned into the ears of the masses, until many good natured people no doubt thought it meant something. The sincerity of such professions was pat to the test, both in the Senate and the House on the day of meet ing. Old John Burns, of Gettysburg, the historic old man, the ancient volunteer who fought on his own hook, had a snug berth at the entrance of the Senate chamber last winter. Visitors who looked at him, as be ''sat there, had their patriotic emotions quickened. But, now comes a needy and seedy Radical poli tician and usurps his place. The politician has some little influence, he can command .a few votes, old John Burns can command none. So, out goes the tottering hero, and in steps the blustering and strong-limbed politician. The Radicals tried to get a reso lution through giving Old John something, after they had filled all the positions with the political adherents of different members» but the Democrats very properly refused to permit them to cover up their disreputable conduct by such a plain violation of the law. An indigent, one legged soldier, of excel lent qualifications and character hobbled into the House with a letter of recommen dation from Governor Geary and other prominent Radicals in his hand. He asked a position which might afford him, soina of supplying the i prosing wants of his family; but, though the Democrats favored his claims, and though each Radi cal had an appointment at his command, no place for the crippled soldier could be found. He has steadfastly stood by the Radical party heretofore. What he now thinks of its professed love, for tho soldier we can only conjecture. THE SENATORIAL CONTEST. For months past the Senatorial contest has been an engrossing subject. There were candidates In abundance. Allegheny county offered three or .four, Philadelphia several, and almost every Congressional district except Lancaster, one or more. We seem to be poor in Radical talent in thia great county; so everybody thinks at least when they look at the Representatives we Bend to Harrisburg. It was tbonght the contest for Senatorsbip would be protracted When the Legislature met no candidate seemed to have assumed any marked prominence. The friends of the differeilt aspirants were drilling their foroes, biff" only a few of the principals had reaobed me scene of contest; when bygone masterly stroke the field was suddenly lost and won. RADICAL NEWSPAPERS IN A FOG. \ A marked feature was the befogged oonJ dition of the Radical newspaper Forney undertook to fulminate his decreed the Pittsburg papers squabbled over tbeir preferences, and the State Qunrd ed on from day to day in utter Its editors had no conception of the true condition of affairs. Living in the midst of the remurkable scenes which were transpir ing they saw nothing of the deep game which was being so skill fully played. Bergner of the Telegraph knew all about every move that was made, but be kept his counsel, and not a line ap peared in his paper to indicate that the mine was being prepared and the laid for the comiDg explosion. From time to time mysterious paragraphs were tele graphed to the effect that Simon Cameron had determined to take no part in the fight, and there were plenty of simple fools in the \ Radical party who credited these skillfully prepared canards. The central organ’of the)Democracy, the Harrisburg Patriot, was the only paper in the State which gaye'any correct informa tion in regard to the matter. It predicted the election of John Scott, with entire con fidence, days before he was regarded by the Radical Journals as having any show. THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD IN THE While Cameron kept out of eight the Pennsylvania Railroad was distinctly un derstood to be in the fight. At first it set up J. Edgar Thompson, the President of the concern, and at one time it looked as if he would become a very formidable candi date. To-day a paragraph would appear announcing his retirement from the con test, to-morrow a denial of the rumor. But, amid all the seeming mutations sagacious politicians knew that the great corporation intended to have an agent or attorney of its own in the Senate of the United States. It i 3 looking to the great developments in railroad enterprise which will follow the ; opening of the through rote to the Pacific; and, since the Genera) Government has be come the greatest railroad contractor in the country, the directors of the Pennsylvania Central would be sadly lacking in sagacity if they did not appreciate properly the im portance'of sending their attorneys to Con gress^/ THE SEARCH FOR THE COMING MAN. The search for the coming man wasdilli gently kept up by outsiders, and many an anxious Radical politician was busy as ever Diogenes was with his lantern, Butall were lett to wander about benighted and in the fog, except the initiated, and all they were pledged to secrecy. It was never tho de sign of Simon Cameron to have a contest with the Pennsylvania Railroad. He is too largely interested in railroad affairs himself for that. Yet few dreamed of the coalition which was to be made. Simon and the Great Man Friday, of tbe-great corporation, canvassed very carefully, but most secretly,' * as to whom they should unite upon, for thoy were a unit in design from the bogin ' ning. Cameron had his forces allthorough ;ly drilled. He bad not waited to buy votes in the open market, as he was forced to do when he was candidate himself, two years ago. He adopted a cheaper'and eurer plan, and by promising places to his political ad herents in the different districts,iu case Grant should bo elected, he managed to have a : very large proportion, if not an actual ma- ! ority of the Radical members returned as his sworn and subservient tools. Every body knows that the members from this county were sold.out to him before they were elected, that they were nominated by .“thering” with understanding that they were to support Cameron’s candi date for Senator, whoever he might be. So, while the outsiders were groping about to discover the coming man, Simon and the Pennsylvania Railroad hunted him up, called him to Harrisburg, introduced him to tho members, and invested his shoulders with the-Senatorial toga. Now Simon has made his way seemingly all clear to an un restrained central of the patronage in this State. The new Senator owes his election to him, and the great Winnebago no doubt expects him to be an obedient and submis sive"subject. THE STRAGGLING CANDIDATES. There was, as we have already stated, quite a crowd of straggling candidates for United States Senator. Blustering Tom Marshall, and tho rich and unscrupulous John K. Moorbeadj>of Pittsburg, got into a fight at an early jtferiod of the campaign, and they kept it ap. with all the animosity of a couple of Kilkenny cats, until nothing was left of the chahpes of either. Moor head was on the ground early, and having plenty of money, he rented quarters for himself and adherents for several weeks at the State Capitol Hotel. He had no idea the fight would be so summarily ended on the second day of the session. Stories j were even pnt afloat that he and Simon had settled the little unpleasantness be tween them, but, as one of the sachems of the tribe remarked to us after it was all over, Simon never forgives his enemies. To do so would be to oncourage revolt ambng those whom he has reduced to subjection. Galusha Grow flitted about the Jones House with some semblance of hope In his tallow face, and w’hined out common place plati tudes through his nose with a regular Yankee drawl. Blustering Tom Marshall did not reach the scene of action until all was over, and Schofield, Btrett, Allison and others were in the. same belated con dition. Kemble was on band, backed up by McClure and others, but with not a ghost of a chance. His brag that he would buy the Senatorsbip proved to be only empty bluster, and tho speedy ending of the contest saved him some of the money be made so easily as State'Treasurer. CUNNING MANEUVERING. Simon Cameron never manoeuvred his forces half so skilfully as in this Senatorial, contest. He was determined not to have any rival near Grant’s throne, and the rich prize for which he contended was the com plete control of tho Federal patronage in Pennsylvania. He had not failed to profit by a tricky experience of half a century in j the most corrupt circles of political life. i Being utterly unscrupulous, and believing that the end justifies the use of even the most disreputable means, he went to work with such systematicskill and consummate cunning as would extort admiration, but : for the loathsome corruption which wasre j vealed as one scene after another of the '• drama was enacted. The election of Clarke as Speaker of the House was not imme diately claimed as a triumph. On the con trary his intimate relations to Cameron were carefully concealed. On the first day of the session, before the organization of the House had been perfected, an appar ently vigorous move was made to effect an early adjournment over for several days. This was done to throw all the candidates for Senator, and all their adherents off their guard, and it succeeded most completely.— No one outside of the ring imagined on Tuesday afternoon that the Senatorial cau cus would be held until just before the day of election. The pliant tools of Cam eron & Co., the fellows who had been bought and sold, such pattern legislators $s the four members from this county, for in stance, walked about the hotels, wearing a collar on which all the initiated could see, plainly written, “ I am Simon Cameron’s dog.” • Even np to a late hour on Tuesday they bad not the slightest Idea whom they would vote for. They were waiting for Cameron and tho Pennsylvania Railroad to name the man. SIMON SAYS WIG-WAG. On Tuesday John Scott made his ap pearance on the scene of action. With him came qnite a number of intelligent and reputable gentlemen from Huntingdon and the Juniata valley; but there was a con slderable following of seedy fellows—the nig, tag and bob tail which always travel when Ire© tickets are to be had, and free grab and tree drinks are in prospect. We saw quite a number who would have been very small potatoes at a very small ward meeting in a very small town; bnt every body wbo was for Scott rode free on the P. R. R, then, and that accounted for it.— The arrangements between Cameron and the P. R. R. had all been perfected. The high contracting parties were each content that John Scott, of Huntingdon, should be the next United States Senator, and they proceeded to set the thing up. AND THE MEMBERS WIGGLE-WAGGLE. As the members wbo had been purchas ed, or who were in the market arrived at Harrisburg, they were conducted into the Cameron caravansary, which bears the name of the clan, or in other; words, The Lochiel House. Here they were graciously granted an interview with the managers of the game, and perhaps met thegreat Winne bago face to faoe. Theyjwere sworn in and on the back, bnt not until Tuesday evening were they told whom they were to vote for. Then they were summoned into the presence of the high contracting par ties, and formally introduced to Hon. John Scott as their selected and chosen Senatorial candidate. Of course they were all glad to see Mr. Scott, and very happy to pledge to : him their generous, unpurchased and un pitrohasable support. Mr. Scott was per fectly-willing to be made Senator by their votes; so he shook hands with them, smiled at their awkward speeches, and thanked them for their unsolicited 1 votes. This part of the performance | is said to have been very amusing. : The fonr members of the House from ! this county were marched up in a body by their keepers, Jack Hiestand leading the way and George Brubaker bringing up tbe rear with his cane. Jack introduced them by remarking “ Here are our fellows, Mr. Scott, and they are all for you, of ccmrse." “ Our fellows” bowed, and shook hands, and grinned in answer to Mr. Scott’s bland smile, made a few awkward remarks, and retired to give place to others who were being put through the same process as rap- ! idly. as they could be brought to the scratch.” COMING DOWN* TO DOTS. As the hours of Tuesday night sped away it became certain that the thing was ail right. At midnight Don Cameron, who had proven himself t j be a most able lieutenant under his father, the General, announced with un exultant oath, that he would have it all settled by 3 o’clock A. M. Ho was only an hour ahead of time in his calcula tion, for as the clock told tho hour of 4, and ere the gray of dawn had begun to break through the gloom of that winter night an exultant shout went up from the Council Chamber of the Winnebagces, which shook the very rafters of tbe Lochiel. The triumph was full and complete. Not only was Scott to be made Senator, but the very last ad herent of the Curtin dynasty was to be mercilessly tomahawked anclscalped} Gen. Irwin was to be ousted fronutbe Treasurer ship, .and that gay and festive youth, Bob. Mackey, of Pittsburg, was to take his place. The Indians who were on the war path proved to be completely relentless and re morselessly cruel. Not an enemy -was spared. MAKING .ASSURANCE DOUBLY SURE. I When Simon Cumeron was a candidate | himself the Senatorial caucus was not held | until the night before the election, That | has been the custom of both parties hereto fore; but Simon and the Pennsylvania Railroad wanted the job off their hands. Kemble was still lurking about with his money, Moorhead was not only very rich, but was backed up by the Iron Lords of Allegheny City. The ousting of Gen. Irwin would create dissatisfaction. And ras cals who had been bought once might sell again to a higher bidder. There was good reason for hot haste. So is was 1 announced on Wednesday morning that there would ,be a caucus at 3 o’clock in the afternoon. The Senate mot and ad journed at an early hour until Tuesday, the 13th inst. The House continued in ses sion The impatience of the day before was all gone. The Radical majority dragged through business with a zeal that might have seemed very commendable under other circumstances, until the clock poi'nV ed to 3. Then an adjournment was quick ly had, and the Radical members poured into Committee Room, No. 11, where their Senatorial confreres had preceded them. THE SENATORIAL CAUCUS. | Tne caucus was held to bind the party, aod to Cut off the straggling and belated candidates from all hope of tampering with the members. Quick and sharp action was the order of the hour. Worthington, of Chester, Speaker of the Senate, presided. The immaculate Gen. Joe Fisher nominated John Scott, of Huntingdon, for United States Senator, Representative Clark, of Warren, nominated Glenni W. Schofield, but, being greeted by derisive cries, and demands for unanimity, ho speedily with drew his candidate. None of tho other as pirants were oven presented. There was a very considerable minority in opposition to Cameron’s candidate, but it had no concen tration of purpose, and was completely de moralized by the rapid march of events. The question was put on the nomination of Mr. Scott, and amid a yell of ayes he was declared the nominee. The negative was not taken, but the action was afterward made unanimous by a vote. Robert W. Mackey was nominated as the candidate for State Treasurer in the same sudden w r ay. The triumph of Cameron and the Penn sylvania Railroad was complete, but the more nnpurchasable class of Republicans seemed to take all congratulations on their unanimity with exceeding bad grace. It reminded them of the occasion when Cowan was made the choice of their party by acclamation. They were sore over the tomahawking of General Irwin too. SEEDS OF DISSENSION That seeds of dissension have been sown in the Radioal party of this State, by the transactions wo have described, is certain. Old line Republicans are counting up the renegade Democrats who now hold promi nent positions. There is Getiry, Governor ; Brewster, Attorney General; Hartranft, Auditor General; Grow, Congressman and Chairman of the State Central Committee ; Cameron, U. S. Senator, and Scott to take Buckalew’s place, and a host of others. We do not wonder they think it rough. The Curtin men have been outraged. The friends of the different defeated candidates for Sen ator are very gour at being tricked as they were. But what cares Cameron. He knows ‘there is not virtue enough in the party to confront his villainy with any show of suc cess. He is said to be after Geary now, and there are shrewd predictions that he will “hang his hide on the fence.” .He has hated him ever since he undertook to set up for himself. WHO JOHN SCOTT IS. John Scott is n good lawyer, and the At torney of the Pennsylvania Railroad in all important cases in the centre of the State. He is about forty-five years of age, 5 feet 9 inches high, slightly built, with gray beard and Ibin hair tinged with silver. He looks older than he really is. He was born in Huntingdon county, educated at the academy in Huntingdon, and studied law there. He was an active Democratic poli tician until 1863, when he separated from the party. He is a man of pure private life, and has the ability to make an excel lent Senator. He is an elder in the Presby terian Church, and has a strong will q{ his own. Cameron expects to handle him like a nose of wax, but will be apt to get hia fingers bitten when he attempts it. He is not an extreme man in his views, and will be likely to act conscientiously in the dis charge of bis duties. WHO R. W. MACKEY IS. R. W. Mackey, or Bob. Mackey, as he is familiarly known in Pittsburg, is a yonng man, 31 years of ag6, the cashier of a Na tional Bank, a prominent fireman, who runs witb.the machine, is a “ bully fellow” among tl/e “boboys” and some on the “gahals.” He is an active wire-pulling ward politician, an ex-member of City Councils, having been elected once in a strong Democratic ward, by getting some Democratic girls who folded Uckets.to sub stitute hia name for that cf his opponent. He was a professed adherent of Moorhead, but amenable to the Cameronian influence. At 11 o’clock on Tuesday night Don Cam eron asked him whether he could not be a candidate for State Treasurer, and unite the Allegheny members for Scott. Bob re plied if he “ meant a bona-fide and not a bogus«candidate,” he thought he could—and the thing was done. He was brought up in a broker's office and is a shrewd busi ness man. SCENES AND INCIDENTS. The scenes and incidents about Harris borg on Tuesday night were rioh. The landlords held an indignation meeting. Hunter, of tb6 Lochiel, estimated his loss by Simon’s rapid tactics at not less than $1,500 ; the proprietor of Ghost’s Hall put his down at a similar amount; Freeland, of the Jones House, was doing so good a regular business that his equilibrium was comparatively undisturbed, and Bolton was perfectly complacent, remarking that it was “none of his funeral.” There was a terri ble flutter among the dcmi~mondc t who had come from far and near, calculating on reaping a rich harvest from the crowd of strange Radicals. They denounced the gay and festive Bob. Mackey for bis share in cutting their profits short. CRIPPLED DUCKS. Crippled ducks were numerous. The Iron Lords of Pittsburg felt the defeat of Morohead keenly. Morrow B. Lowry was thrown overboard by Simon, because he persisted iu adhering to General Irwin. Attorney General Brewster had a regular scene 1 with the Winnebago chief, denounc ing him bitterly; and even George Bru baker came in for a shot under the wing, his bank losing the deposits it br.J hereto fore held under Irwin. The unanimity was not quite so harmonious after all. It left many a bitter sting behind it to rankle and breed future trouble. THE EN'D. So ended the Senatorial contest of 1569, and it will loDg be remembered as the most remarkable combination to control a polit ical party for private purposes that the country has ever witnessed. A TRIP TO TEE SOUTH. EDITORIAL SOUS, VIII. Charlotte ia chiefly known to people gen erally us the place ia situated the United States Brunehvfilnt, as this ia a.fact which we fonnd recorded in onr geogra phies when we used to go to school. It is a long, low, white building, of one story and a basement, built of stone, and stands on a street near the ceutre of the town. The en trance is in the middle of the building and is ornamented by a handsome portico, the roof of which is supported by marble pil lars. Wo took the structure to be the Jail, until we'were better informed, and thought it a very fine one. Wo ought to have known it was not the Jail, without being told, as institutions in the South aro very inconsiderable afiairs ; we never saw one larger than an ordinary dwelling house. This Mint does not coin money ; it merely assays the bullion und stamps it in bars.— Iris therefore of comparatively little use; the bankers here send their gold to Phila delphia as it costs them but little more to have it assayed and coined, and the assay Is considered more reliable than that made at Charlotte. Mr. Dewey kindly took us into his banking house and showed us a quantity of gold in the condition in it is bought from the neighboring miners. He had some handsome specimens of “native” gold, which is the metal itself found in the rock in appreciable pieces and got without the use of quicksilver. Comparatively little, however, is found thus free; the gold is mainly obtained by crushing the rock in which tit is contained, but in which it is in visible, the quicksilver seizing and bold ingftbe particles as they pass over it.mixed with water and powdered rock. When enough Is collected, the mass is pressed id the hands or in some other way, until j/s much as possible of the “quick” is prossdd out and saved ; the gold is then put in an* iron vessel and placed over the fire, todrive off the remaining quicksilver; as the evap oration first takes place on tho outside of the block, a fine opportunity is offered for deceiving an unwary purchaser him what may seem on the surface to bo a cake of pure gold, but inside may be still soft with quicksilyer ; this though yaluable, is heavy and it will not pay to give the price of gold per it. To guard against this fraud, purchase*?} always cut the piece of gold in two. Thdy cakes Mr. Dewey showed us were of various sizes, but gener ally about two inches long by an inch broad and two inches thick; they were of different degrees of purity, the product of each mine varying in the amount of silver and other alloy. Wo saw three pieces, $3G4 in currency, which he bad just purchased and which were the product of two weeks labor of two men, using an old fashioned Spanish Drag Mill by horse power. 'The mine belongs to Whiter A Co., a party of four or five persons who reside in our neighboring town of Lebauon* Gold seems to be by no means an uncom mon constituent of the earth in all this re gion of country. There are numerous mines both'near and far away from Char lotte, and it is a very common thing to read in an advertisement of property to be sold that there is a gold mine on it. In the neighborhood of Salisbury there area num. -,ber of mines now being worked, and away np in Buckingham county 4 Virginia, de velopments of gold-bearing quartz have been made. It seems as though this pre cious metal impregnates tho rock through all this belt of country, which borders upon the eastern base of the Blue ..Ridge. But Charlotte always has been and is now the Head Centre of the gold mining region of this country. It is situated in Mecklen berg county, and in this and the adjoining counties most of the gold developments have been made, as is sufficiently indicated by the location of the Mint. Gold mining is an ancient institution here, though we believe it has never been conducted with any very great vigor.— During a few years previously, however, to the discovery of gold in California, a good deal of attention was being devoted to min ing in this section, but tho finding of those rich deposits of the precious metals on Pacific Slope immediately .drew away bli the miners from the less richly impregnated rocks here. Under the glowing accounts of the Occidental El Dorado, they scattered as the mists of the morning and for some time the places that knew them, knew them no more. From this untoward accident, that in 1848 so suddenly put a stop to gold developments in this region, it was about recovering in 1860. The emigrants to Cali fornia had discovered that in looking for’ gold as for everything else, there were other things to be considered, besido the immediate richness of the miueral deposit; such as comfort in living, security of prop erty and especially co3t of production. Mr. Johnson, a very clever and intelligent gen tleman, whom we met injCharlotte.and who was for a number of years mining in Cali fornia, bnt who now has a mine here, told us that one dollar in currency in this coun try would go as far and do as mutflTas 1 five dollars in gold would in California; and ho thought therefore that mining here pay better in the long run, than there. The just rekindled hopes of the Carolina miners were h second time dashed to the ground by the breaking out of the war in 1861; that\of course put a sudden quietus upon gold digging. During the past year or two, however, operations have recom menced and have been attended with such success as to afford every indication that the mining interest here is destined to be come a very prominent and profitable one. A number of persons are now engaged In it; few as yet are branching out very largo ly or investing more capital in machinery 1 than is absolutely necessary; rates of in terest |re too high and capital too scarce as yet for thut. And, besides, „ they have learned a lesson from the experience here- tofore, of those who improvidently invested too much of their capital iu oxpensivo ma- chinery in the outset of their undertaking, and before they had developed a vein of gold bearing quartz which would make its em- ployment profitable. Commodore Stockton, of N. J., had a good mine in an adjoining county, which through bad management, never remunerated him. He is said to have put upon it, several hundred thousand dol- lars worth of machinery, buying every new mining device that he came across. Most of this machinery was never used or even put up, and no\»%4es rusting on the ground. j A good deal of is done in a small way by the farmers of this section; they harvest gold as they would a crop of grain. After their other crops are gathered and work becomes slack in the winter those of them who have a gold bearing rock on their farms, make use of .their spare time and their otherwise unemployed labor in pounding up their rock and washing oot the gold ; making excellent wages for each hand thus employed, they are perfectly satisfied with the result of their labors, not having the capital if they had the disposi- tion to purchase expensive material for the thorough development of their mineral de posit. It struck us that gold was rather an odd thing to be counted among a farmer’s crops, but our informant as to this matter was Col. Waring, of Charlotte Times, a perfectly responsible gentleman, and one of the oleverest men we ever met, who, by the way.aocompanied ns afterward on our jour- ney southward. The nearest gold mine to Charlotte Is the Rudesill mine, which lies within a mile of the town. A great deal of ore has been taken ont of it and the vein is considered one of the richest in this section, bat, for somo cause while we wore there, it was not being worked and we therefore d id not tako time to examine it. , Mr. Johnson having kindly consented to guide us to the Pennsylvania and North Carolina Company’s mine, and to the Frazer mine, lying near each other about five miles ont of town, Mr. Breslin of the Lebanon Advertiser and myself drove oufc with him in the pleasant afternoon,behind a splendid pair of bays, to Bee that novel thing to us, gold in its native element. We started so late, however, in the short Lecombef'after noon that we had not time to do much more than examine into the mysteries of the stamp mill of tho Pa. & N. c. Co., the stockholders of which reside in Tamaqna Penn’a; the mill was engaged in crushing some of the poorer ores of the Frazer mine, belonging to Walter Co.; their richer ores they crush themselves in their own oom- mon drag mill. The ore they had at tho North Carolina Company’s mill produced abont $3O to the ton, and they pay $lO per ton for crushing it. Ore producing $6O to the ton is considered rich. This mill was contained in asquare frame building, and seemed to be worked by two white men and a negro. It has two sets of stamps, each set having six stamps. The' Stamps are long Iron rods of 2$ or 3 inches in diameter, having round feet 5 or G inches in diameter ; they are arranged aside of eaob other in a line, and alternately are raised up and fail ddj#n into a box filled with ore, into which a stream of water is constantly flowing, three stamps in a set rising while the other three are falling. Tho negro stood by and from a pile upon the floor, slowly shoveled into the box the j rock broken as fine as limestone is gener ally broken on a street in Lancaster, which is being macadamized by contract. A steam engine furnished the power to lift the stamps, each ono of which in 24 hours will crush a half ton of ore; so that tho capacity of this mill was G tons per diem. i The water flowing into the box iu which j a set of six stamps works, washes out tho pulverized rock on to an inclined plutform, ■ some throe wide by eight or uine feet long, sbeetod with metal, and rising, us it descends, in offsets after the manner of a Susquebauua fish-basket. These, lodges and pockets are coutecl with quicksilver, which, as tho crushed mineral flows over them, seizes upon and holds the gold. Little white ridges gradually rise across the shal low trough, formed of the captured gold which has been coated by its coutact with its saviour. Once a day the mill is stopped) when these ridges are scraped oil* and tho pockets are cleaned out. To prevent the escapo of any gold, tho current of crushed ore after it has passed over the platform or trough is conducted into a large tab, uround tho bottom of which are dragged two large and heavy fiat stones, attached to a revolving post in the centre; these still further pulverize the rock, whioh then'passes out from the tub into a rounded cradle six or eight feet long, that slowly rocks from side to side; the gold that has hitherto escaped falls by its superior gravity down to tho bottom and is seized by the quicksilver lying in wait for it. After rummaging among tho pile of quartz for some time, endeavoring without much success to find some specimens of free gold, we were compelled by tbegrowing darkness to leave without visiting tho mines; these however are nothing more than shafts sunk deep enough to striko tho vein, which is then followed. On the way to town we passed near the McGinn mine, belonging to a Cincinnati Company. Mr. Johnson has sunk a shaft near hero one hundred Jeet deep and has struck a fine vein, which he is awaiting machinery to develop. as we drove back we heard a loud If not very melodious female voice pouringforth a plaintive songapparently from nearat.hand; Mr. Johnson however assured us that the woman was singing near her cabin three miles off, and that as strong ns hors were not uncommon in' Carolina. Though our.politeness wus'severely taxed, we succeeded in suppressing any outward manifestation of our horror at such a woful trifling with truth on the pjfrt of our esteemed friend. But it was it? f . EDITORIAL SOTES-IX. Charlotto has a fino, large Woolen Mill, culled the “Rock Island Mill.” Its goods are celebrated for their quality, and so far as we could judge, they amply justified their reputation. The Military Institute is n large and very bandsomo;building, and the school be fore the war, under the charge of General D. H. Hill, was in a very prosperous condi tion. It is now, however, entirely broken up and the building is untenanted. Gen eral Hill is still living in Charlptto, en gaged in publishing “ The Land We Love,” a Magazine whiefi has met with much suc cess; we wish wo could say deservedly, but we aro quite of the opinion that the General is a much belter soldier than edi tor. He was not at home during our visit, hut wo spent a very pleasant time with Mrs. Hill and her daughter, with whom the wife of Mr. Dochert of our party, had been some time staying. Mrs. Jlill is n sister of Stonewall Jackson’s widow. In response to a direct inquiry on our part, as to what land was referred to ns “ the Land we Love” we were soon completely satis fied that not the most remoto reference was bad-tTvthnt political corporation known as ' the United States, but solely to so much thereof as, lying below the line of Mnson ■iffid Dixon, had unsuccessfully sought to dissolve the partnership and set up in busi ness for itself. We tried to have Lancaster county taken out of Yankeedom, and in cluded in "the land we love,” urging that it bordered on Maryland; and might have succeeded in having the necessary altera tions made in the geographical lines in the next number of the Magazine, if some one bad not cruelly suggested that Thaddous oflevens had lived and was buried here; that ruined our chance, for we question whether Southern women would Include Heaven among the lands they love, if they ba“d the faintest idea that Old Thad had gone there; buton that point they are pretty safe. \Y o found the ‘‘Mansion to” be a very good HcteJ, but like all other Southern Hotels, it totally failed to have any knowledge of the existence of such a thing ns bread ! The article does not seem to be recognized in the Southern dietary. Wo did not see a loaf of bread during our travels, a premium on one occasion of five dollars for a loaf, and a boy standing by said he knew wjgt it washed could get one; bat he failo i it. We were furnished with hot buckwheat cakes, hot com bread, hot short cakes and hot biscuit; but such a thing as cold bread was not to be bad, unless perchance some biscuit bad been left over from a previous meal. We are rather fond of hot thlDgs ourself, and we perhaps would not have noticed the persistent hotness of the cookery, if we bad not had several dyspeptics In our party, who wero truly in a forlorn way when there did not happen to bo corn bread or cold biscuit on the table ; they had to come down, to their great disgust, to soda crackers, and the waiters did not find them very amiably thereat. The "short cakes” particularly enraged them, as they declared their dislike to having pork and flour so equally mixed that they could not tell which they were eating. Dyspepsia mnat be unknown in this country, as the landlords declared that they.had never before bad any calls for cold bread, and that their ordinary run of guests would feel horrified at being otlored any thing that was not piping hot. On the morning of December 3rd, reluc tantly bidding farewell to Mr. Hill Mr. Pegram, and other kind friends whoso ac quaintance we had. so greatly enjoyed in Charlotte, wo started for Columb/a, on the Charlotte and South Carolina .Railroad, an excellently managed road, which has its termini at these two towns ; It has a bonded debt of $500,000, and $1,500,000 of stock, which sells at $4O to per share, the par valne beingsloo. There were many negroes in the train, who all took seats in the smok ing car in front. We very seldom, during our trip* a negro in 7 any other car. The Government has emancipated the glares, has given them the right of suf /rage and has made of them leg islators and offioe-holders. But here it has exhausted its power; it has not succeeded in making a silk purse out of a sow’s ear; the negro remains a negro, notwithstanding the strenuous effort of politicians to make him something else; he has not the moral force to assert for himself the position they would give him. 8o far as we observed, the negroes conduct them- selves pretty much as they must formerly have done when they w6re slaves ; they ride in the forward car on the railways by themselves, unless a carpet-bagger friend desires to make himselfagreeable to them; as one did whom we saw on the road iron* Lynchburg to Richmond, sitting beside a a negro member ofr the Constitutional Con yention arm thrown lovingly around his neck. Whooever wo paased a colored man on the street he touched hts ho t to us, and in. our intercourse with them we never found anything but the utmoßt sub serviency and obedience; the lnsolenco of the Northerii negrohas not as yet been Imit ated by his Southern fellow, whom no leg islation In tbe world will ever convince that the white man is not bis superior and master. The white people regard with little concern the elevation of the negro by the military power of the government to the suffrage and to their Legislative Halls; they know so well that It is a screaming farce, which will be enacted no longer than it is supported by the bayonet. Tbo negro left to stand alone will soon sink to his natural level. As we passed down the railway wo saw many cotton fields, a number still white with numerous bolls', awaiting the last pick ing ; tbe scene must be very beautiful when the country is all covered with the pure white mautlo of the ungathered crops of cotton. It was a novel and beautiful sight to us when wo occasionally eurao across a 'field, whoso picking aeotnod to have been entirely neglected, probably owing to the scarcity of labor which prevails iu tho cot ton region of South Carolina, a groat many of tbe negroes having been taken since the war, to Mississippi. Each field is picked over three or more times, as the bolls nue- cessively ripen and burst, so that a good deal of labor Is required to harvest tlu« crop. Tbo plants are placed about two foot apart and grow about tbreo foot liiuli; in rich soil they may grow much higher and have' stalks an inch thick, but tho yield of cotton to the acre, we understood, whs not so great as from the smaller plants, since so much substnnco was wasted in making wood iusteud of wool. Sandy land Is se lected to grow cotton in. The part of South Carolina best adapted for it, lies above a line runniug Northoast from about Au gusta, Gu., nud passiug Columbia a few miles to the North. In this district are in eluded the great cotton growing counties of Edgefield, Newberry. Abbeville, Laurens, Union, Chester, Lancaster, York, Ac. The plaqjjooks liko udolicateone; it rises in a tbinknftk stem for about half Its height, nnd then sends out little baro twigs which crown themselves with fleecy bolls ; a small branch of a tree, stripped of Its leaves ami stuck in the ground would not offer a vio lent contrast to the cotton plant without its fruit. The seed before being sown i-* often soaked in a preparation of equal parts of chlorine and copperas, and then rolled in plaster; this is’dono to quiekon its growth. Tho land is manured with gnat o and I tho cultivation is performed with the hoe, | au Instrument which is in universal use for every crop ; a fuct which explains why 1: is estimated that one laborer can till Iml ten acres of ground. Cottonseed is never planted deep, only a light covering of eaUli being thrown over it; the land Is therclore but superficially ploughed with tho aid of a single horso or mule. Cotton is very easy on land, exhausting tho suit but little; as the seed is generally roturned to tho land as manure, it is robbed of no elements but those that have gone to make tho wool, and these can impoverish it but little. Chestorvllle is a fino villagif about half way between Charlotte nnd Columbia, in the heart of the cotton region. Tho King’s Mountain Railroud brauclios off hero and runs up to Yorkvillo. Chestervillo is prosperous, as it Is surrounded by an ex cellent country, that pours into it large amounts of cotton which is tho cblof staple of this region and is largely grown on every farm ; a grout deni of tho laud indeed is not well udapted for anything else. As we passed down tho road wo parti cularly admired several handsome private residences whose yards woro filled with gay flowers and brilliant evergreens. One placo near where tho train stopped for a few minutes had such handsomo grounds,beau tiful flowers and well kept hedges, that we could not resist tho temptation of leaving our car and trespassing upon tho promises; andwhon wo passed on onj> of the ludjos with us bore awny ns a trophy of our visit u hand some bouquet of roses and other flowers which she had plucked in December; some thing she was not in tho habit of doing at home quito so luto in tbo year. Sliermun’s army had boon ovor this route boforo us and these pretty places that wo saw, wore some that had tho good fortune to escape the torch that in other plucos was so mpiti lessly applied. As wo passed further down tbo rulhvay wo saw tho ruins aud debris of many buildings thut had been burned ; a number of them had boon elegunt and costly residences und all hud been comfort able homes for thefr inmates. Why should dwellings have been burned? Was this war? Sherman’s army of incendiaries did not stop to debate this question but burned a house whenevortboy felt likegazing upon a bon-flre, or wished soino embers to keep alive their pipes. Tho railroad hud been torn Up, the rails twisted und tho ties burned; we saw some of these rails lying by tho road. This was legitimate warfare, but who can excuso tho burning of dwellings? Ibe country wo passed through from Charlotte, looked y ety woll until wo got within twenty milos of Columbia, when wo ran into a sandy desert, covorod with a growth of the long-leaved plno; wo had got • ont of tho good country nnd wero heading towards the swamps of tho const. About, dusk wo .reached Columbia, where wo made our headquartorn at tho Nickerson House, although wo not got lodging there. Jt is a large turroted building belonging to the Lutheran Church nnd formerly used by It asa Young Ladies’ Female .Seminary ; but as all tho hotels of any size in the place wero burned in the conflagration which nearly annihilated it, the seminury has been pressed into temporary use ns a Hotel. Treasurer IrWlu*s Report. The following aro tbo important Heart-* m tbe report of tbo Pennsylvania Htato Ueaaarer, submitted to the Legislature on Wednesday : The total reielpta of theyeureud** in« November :iO, IBW 55 v Balance lu Treasury, November .'-.U ’ ]BUT ’ 1 Total payments for the year. Balance in Treasury ' Of wiiJcU there Is pledged for demption of overdue loans Average balance. Estimated receipts In JMi't r <?., < m ~/.f 7 T7. imio exp«nHoa..! "lit lilil ” llio lndthiedueaM or the Common- ' ’’ wealth at tho clone of (he hncul > ear ending Nov. 30, 1K.7, whh. There was in I he' r r*OMiry, applica ble to the payment, Oi over-due loans Real Indebtedness N'ov. :«), tw,7 ... $3« 7<w; 411 Being h reduction of Sl.tiUJ.tm 2* |„r ttie veiu Tax on personal property (deduct- J Ing nbont one-sixth ns nopiicabte to the payment of war Joan) 8 win ixm n, Tax ou Joana ft" S V. Tax on net earnings 01 Income |/> *(>•< -’1 Tax on coal loo’j'i, tn Taxon tonnage aid in -L Tux on National bank stock 210 taj 70 V ~ " Nchool Snperlntemlent WlckerslmwN The aoDual roßprt"of'the Htate Sunerin tendent of Common Schools, Mr. 'J. p Wickershum, fur the year ending Juno l 18<j8, baa lust been published. From u w<’ extract the following items of importance : Total expenditures for the year Si 017 mu; Balance on hand vJr' r,' Debt of Districts 737 u The value of the school, property 01 the * State is over ten millions of dollars. This Is an interesting fact, not boforo reported APPROPRIATIONS NEEDED FOB )S7O roc common schools, Including ihonA * ofPblladeiphla « wjn f> ~_ For Norm ni school?, to be appropriated 09 on the same conditions os ihos« lm po*ed bv appropriation act o! IS6B. iko-*. For salaries of county superintendents Uswu F°reipen«e«or ibe principal* of Slate ' f Normal schools, Incurred In attend* flnnooiß annual eia “lnaUons of said Sr?° rn ’ a j«SJf Fop Lin “Si «•“" The Legislature," saye tbe report, “dill a noble act last year in increasing the gen* f™* 9 appropriation froni s3o‘>,ooo to |ooo,ooo. An addition of only unoiber 9100,000 is asked for this year> and consid erations of sound policy will, no doubt, in dnce the granting of it.” Three persons were murdered and their bodies consumed by the burning 01 their house, in Columbia coanty, Gu.. a few weeks since. A white man and three ne groes were arrested for the crime, and ac knowled their guilt. It ifi now reported by an Augnsta despatch that the murderers have been taken from the jail and lynched. A ten year old boy took possession of an engine standing on tbe railroad track, at Ashburnham. Masa, on Tuesday, and started at full speed for Fi'lchbury, The engiueer, on missing the machine, followed oh abend-car, and succeeded So overtaking the ranaway, who bad exaustyd his steam. An exhibitor of wild in Paris has adopted a plan for securing hi 3 moneyj which is respectfully submitted to bankers and bloated bondholders generally. Eve ry night he deposits the daily receipts of his exhibition in the cage rnf the most cions of his animals, and jfie has never lojt so much as was a son. J I.MI.KW -Ui t> «7T B UK 111 H.NUI ll(Vl (H l.oia.Wi ;i7 ;J7,701,1W) 7, :77,117s .V, si 721,110 fli;
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers