gpornottf ifujaligtater, PIIBLIBYLEB IMEBY WBBNEBBAY BY H. G. SMITH & CO. A. J. STEINMAN H. G. SMITH TERMS—Two Dollars per annum, payable all 08,309 in advance. OFFICE-SOI7TIIWEBT OORNRE OF CENTRE S4I7ARE. SZ.A.II letters on business should be ad dressed to H. G. SMITH & CO, Wahl. GREEN THINGS GROWING. L Oh! the green things growing! the green things growing! . The fresh sweet smell or the green things grow ing I I would like to live, whether I laugh or grieve, To watch the happy life of the green things growing. • 11. .0h the fluttering and pattering of the green things growing ! Talking each to each when no man's knowing; In the wonderful white of the weird moonlight, Or the gray dreamy dawn when the cocks are crowing. I love, I love them so, the green things grow- Anti i l n trik that they love me without false showing; For by many a tender touch they comfort me so much, With the mute, mute comfort of green things growing. And In the full wealth of their blossoms' glow- ig, Ten for one I take they're on me bestowing. Ah ! I should like to see, if God's will it might be, Many, many a summer of my green things growing. But if I must be gathered for the angels' sow log— Bleep out of Ms ht awhile—like the green things growing ; Though earth to earth return, I think I shall not mourn, If I may change into green things growing. AUTHOR OF "JOHN HALIFAX, GENTLEMAN,' SONNET—SPRING. Now slowly rounding on Its axle old Tile brown world turns its Flee unto the spring, A balmy freshness 11lis the dewy mould 01 lurrowed fields; white clouds with folded wing Rest on the sea. Along the quiet beach Through branches dropped with buds of freshest green The streamlet trickles down the rocky reech On whose blue calm the floating gull is seen ; Inland the rook calls clamorous for rain; The peasant, plough in hand, plods whistling on Behind his pulling horses, till the sun Casting blue mountain shadows, nears the 111 al LI. Then from the dusky twilight upland soon The nightingale salutes the cloudy moon. TILE SONG OF THE CROCUS. What care I for the snow? What cure I for the frost? I quietly wait till they go, filen make up for what I have lost. I put on roy purple cloak, Or my golden mantle gay, And, while scarce a flower has awoke Come out on the first Due tlay. Anconite'R sickly hue, H. pattca's leafless bloom, These come creeping, too. Out of their wintry tomb; Snowdrop her pretty head Hangs with a timid grace, As if she came forth in dread Of getting a frost-bitten face They may shiver and fear!- They may look pule and wan! I say to myself, "I'm here, And winter for me has gone; I'll blossom as long as 1 may, And shine like gold In the light That kindly comes In my day, Nor trouble my head about night." " Fla, ha!" I say to the sun, Staring him full In the face, "Isn't it capital fun That I've come back to my place? iiitlne on and keep me, pray ! And while I stay I'll bring My mantle of gold so gay, Then put It away till next spring.' glioellantoito. Easter Eggs Most things iu this world have their poetical as well as their material side.— What can be more commonplace than an egg? But in the French language it claims an entire rookery-book to itself, and enters into the simplest as well the most recherche of cuisines? It accom panies the poor man's homely rasher, and furnishes the Parisian exquisite with his cmtelette souffle at tile Trois Freres. Yet the egg in all ages and in every country has been the subject of poetical myths and legends. The ancient Fins believed that a mystic bird laid an egg on the lap of Vaiinainou, who hatched it in his bosom. He left it fall into the water and it broke; the lower portion of the shell formed the earth, the upper the sky, the liquid white became the sun, and the yolk the moon ; while the little fragments of broken shell were changed into stars. English and Irish nurses instruct children when they have eaten a boiled egg always to push the spoon through the bottom of the shell in order " to hinder the witches from making a boat of it." In France a sim ilar custom prevails, but the reason as signed for it is that magicians formerly used the egg for their diabolical witch eries. They emptied it adroitly, and traced on the interior cabalistic charac ters, able tobause much evil. The faith ful were therefore instructed to break at the same time the shell and the spell. It is difficult to ascertain the precise origin of the graceful custom, so uni versal in France and Germany, and more or less prevalent throughout the world, of offering eggs at the festival of Easter. The Persians give each other eggs at the new year, the Russians and the Jews at the festival of Easter. Amongst the Romans the year com menced at Easter, as it did amongst the Franks under the Capets. Mutual presents were bestowed ; and as the egg is the emblem of the beginning of all things, nothing bet ter could be found as an offering. The symbolic meaning is striking ; eggs are the germ of fecundity and abun dance ; and we wish our friends all the blessings contained within the slender shell when we offer this gift, whose fragility represents that of happiness here below. The romans commenced their repasts I with an egg, whence the proverbial phrase ab ovo usque ad mala ; and we still say, to express going back to the very commencement, beginning ub ovo. In Christian countries, from the fourth century, the Church prohibited the use of eggs duaing the forty days of Lent; but as the heretical hens did not cease to lay,a large quantity of eggs were found to have accumulated at the end of the period ofabstinence. These were usually given to the children, and in order to render them more attractive, they were dyed with gay colors or otherwise orna mented. A favorite game was to knock two eggs together, and whichever broke became the property of him who held the other. Of course this would not profit much if the eggs were in a fluid state, and thence came the custom of boiling them hard. In some remote districts of France, it is still customary for the priest of the parish to go round to each house at Easter and bestow on it his blessing.— In return, he receives eggs, both plain and painted. In these same regions a belief still lingers that during Passion week the bells of the churches set out for Rome in order to get themselves blessed by the Pope. During this period of mourning the bells are sad and mute in their belfry, and the peasants firmly believe that they have started on their pious pilgrimage, and will return to send forth a joyous peal on tilt morn ing of the Resurrection. People do not comeback from so long a journey with out bringing presents to good children. The joy-bells then always came first, and bore with them various beautiful playthings. The death-bells came last and brought nothing. Easter then was like a second New Year's day. The peasant bestowed on his child an egg dyed with scarlet, like the cloak of a Roman cardinal, and supposed to come from Rome. On Easter morning, at the sound of the rejoicing bells, fair angels with azure wings were believed to descend from heaven, bearing baskets of eggs, which they deposited in the houses of the faith ful. Sometimes, however, it happened that the evil one slipped in an accursed egg amongst those which came from heaven. An ancient legend of Central grance is founded on this belief:— Long ago there lived in a village a widow and her daughter. Jeanne, so was the young girl named, was as good as she was beautiful. The poor blessed her, for she used to pass her time in vis iting their hovels and relieving their distress. She had many suitors, but her mother shrank from parting with her only child, and put them off. "One year more," shesaid, "and Jeanne shall ~ohoose a husband.'! On Easter morning, when returning from mass, Jeanne met an old beggar- VOLUME 68 woman whom no one in the village knew, and who implored her charity. The young girl bestowed her alms, and the stranger, whose face was concealed by a ragged hood, as she received it, said with a husky voice,— "Beautiful damsel, do not disdain the gift of a poor beggar. Take this egg, and before this day twelve months a young and handsome noble will ask for you in marriage. You will become a great lady. It is written in the book of fate. On your wedding-day break this egg ; it contains a nuptial present." So saying, she gave her a large egg of a brilliant scarlet hue. Jeanne took it, laughing at the prediction, and placed it in a casket. To her mother she spoke not of it; but visions of ambition, of pleasure, and of luxury, hitherto un known to her pure and simple mind, floated before her, and troubled her oc cupations by day and her slumbers by night. Near the village rose the towers of an ancient castle which had not been in habited within the emory of man il One day a gentleman ' rrived, proclaim ing himself the hei of the ancient lords, and he caused t e castle to be re stored and furnished with luxury. Numerous visitors arrived, and gay feasts, balls, and hunting-parties suc ceeded each other without intermission. The lord of the castle called himself Sire Robert de Volpiac. One day he chanced to see Jeanne, her beauty struck him, he sought an interview with her mother, and asked her in mar riage. The widow at first was inclined to refuse, but Jeanne, dazzled by the splendor of the offer, prevailed on her to consent, and an early day was fixed for the marriage. The union of the "very high and very noble Sire Robert de Volpiac and of Damoiselle Jeanne " was celebrated in the chapel of the castle by a stranger chaplain, and in presence of the bride groom's friends. A brilliant festival, to which all the neighbors were invited, succeeded. But amid all the gayety and splendor which surrounded her, the bride did not forget her Easter egg. She had caused it to be brought in the casket and placed in the nuptial cham ber. The feast was ended ; the guests, one by one, had taken their departure, and the young mistress of the castle was conducted into its most magnificent chamber. Midnight sounded from the lofty tower when the bridegroom en tered, and, advancing towards Jeanne, was about to embrace her, but she drew back, and said : " My dear lord, before becoming yours, as I have sworn before the chaplain to be, I would fain know what this egg contains." She then told him its his tory, and prepared to break it. He stopped her and implored her to wait until the morrow. But Jeanne, with out heeding him, seized the egg. It was burning hot, and she hastily let it fall. It broke: au enormous toadsprang out, leaped on the nuptial bed, vomit ing flames which set fire to the curtains. The whole castle was speedily in con flagration, every soul within it perished, and the suu rose on a heap of smoulder ing ruins. In the picturesque pages of our ancient chronicler may he found the account of the "mar iagc aux a;ufs" be tween the beautiful Marguerite of Austria, gouvernante of Flanders, and Philibert the Handsome, Duke of Savoy. The royal lady had come on a pilgrimage into the charmingdistrict of Bresse, lying on the western slope of the Alps. "Ou," says the old chron icler, "jeune fille pouvait resver moult." The castle of Brou was gay, Marguer ite had taken up. her abode there, • and serfs and nobles alike shared her hos pitality. Philibert the Handsome, who was hunting in the neighborhood, came to the castle in order to render homage to the fair princess of Austria. It was Easter Monday, high and low danced together on the green. The old men drew their bows on a barrel filled with wine, and when one succeeded in planting his arrow firmly in it, he was privileged to drink as much as he pleased, "Jusqu' a merci." A hundred eggs were scattered on a level space covered with sand, and a lad and a lass holding each other by the hand came forward to execute a dance of the country. According to the an cient custom, if they succeeded in finish ing the " branle" without breaking a single egg, they became affianced ; even the will of their parents might not avail to break their union. Three couples had arready tried it unsuccessfully, and shouts of laughter derided their failure, when the sound of a horn was heard and Philibert of Savoy, radiant with youth and happiness, appeared on the scene. He bent his knees before the noble chatelaine, and besought her hos pitality. And as the games continued he proposed to his hostress to essay with him the merry dance of eggs. How beautiful they looked as they stepped forward hand in hand! "Savoy and Austria!" shouted the crowd. The dance was finished without the break ing' of an egg,. and the blushing Mar guerite allowed her hand to remain within that of Philibert, as he said,— " Let us adopt the custom of Bresse." So they were affianced, and their mar riage soon took place. A few years of exquisite happiness were their portion, but an untimely death carried off the husband. Marguerite lived long, but never forgot her beloved Philibert. She caused to be built, and' in 1511 dedicated to his memory, the beautiful church of 7,\:otre Dame of Brou. Within it is his tomb, and there Marguerite, too, rests by the side of her beloved husband.— Visitors still admire the magnificent architecture which enshrines the buried Jove of Marguerite and Philibert. Formerly at the approach of Easter all the ben-roosts of France were ran sacked for the largest eggs, which were brought as a tribute to the king. At the conclusion of the Easter high mass in the chapel of the Louvre, lackeys brought into the royal cabinet pyra mids of gilded eggs, placed in baskets adorned with verdure; and the chap lain, after having blessed them, distri buted them in the presence of His Most Chistian Majesty to all the persons about the court. The idea of fabricating imitation eggs in sugar and pateboard is of later origin; but their manufacture has become, both in France and Germany, a source of important traffic. In Paris, especially, that city, as Beranger says, " full of gold and misery," the splendor and luxury of the Easter eggs are almost fabulous. A few years since a Parisian house furnished, destined as a present for an Infanta of Spain, an egg which cost twenty thousand francs (£800). It was formed of white enamel ; on its in side was engraved the gospel for Easter day; and by an ingenious mechanism a little bird, lodged in this pretty cage, sang twelve airs from as map) , fashion able operas. In Germany, the tastes of the people are more simple and their means more limited than those of their Gallic neigh bors ; consequently the cost of an East er egg, even when most gorgeous with colors and gilding, seldom exceeds two or three gulden. A curious custom pre vails amongst them, of which I have in vain sought an explanation ; hares are, in • the popular belief, transformed for the nonce into oviparous animals, and you see in the pastry-cooks' windows animals of that species as large as life, modelled in sugar, and sitting up right in a nest, surrounded by any quantity of eggs. The fresh, simple rn inded German children believe implic itly in this egg-producing power of the hare ; and when about Easter time they see one running across a field, they clap their hands and shout after it, "Hare, good little hare, lay plenty of eggs for us on Easter-day!" It is the custom in German families ou Easter-eve to place sugar and real eggs (the former usually filled with bonbons or tiny playthings) in a nest, and then conceal it in the house or gar den, in order that the young ones, who alw,ays rise at break of day on that im portant morning, may have the delight of seeking and finding the hidden treasures. The shouts of innocent,joy ous laughter which hail the discovery, are amongst my pleasantest reminis cences of the Fatherland. Happy the little once who are thus taught to ease. cite joy and pleasnre with the deepest mysteries of that religion which amongst us is too often made the har binger of gloom and restraint. The Negro at Home A Lecture by P. B Dn Chidllti By consent of the Society for the Ad vancement of Science and Art, and at the invitation of the Travelers' Club of New York city, P.B. Du Chaffin, a few evenings since, delivered an instructive and interesting lecture at their rooms, 222 Fifth avenue, on "Explorations in Africa," before a very select audience of ladies and gentlemen, comprising mem bers of the association and their friends. The lecturer was received with ap plause, and spoke as follows : Mr. President, Ladies and Gendernen —I came to-day from Putnam county, in the State of New York, little think ing of the reception which awaited me this night. I told Mr. Dunbar a few days ago I should be happy to come and talk here, but I had no idea that ladies would be admitted, and besides I was not prepared to give a full lecture. I have been in the country on purpose to be quiet, staying with friends, in order to write three lectures I have to deliver here and attend to my diagrams, to do the best I can to give an account of what I have done during the ten years while I explored Africa. I find it very diffi cult now to do this. During those ten years I have collected a great amount of material. I have studied as much as I could the habits of the people, their customs and their re ligion. I have studied the natural his tory of the country, especially insects, birds, quadrupeds, korillas, chimpanzes, and the astronomy and geography of the country. And I have to put them all in two lectures. I find it very hard, I assure you. But as I always say, it is, far more difficult to put down your thoughts from your own journals of travels, than to go and travel in those foreign countries. During those ten years I stayed there I made large col lections. I succeeded in collecting twenty-nine gorillas, every skin of which I have either here or in England, I obtained twenty one during the first journey. I succeeded in collecting fif teen chimpanzes, the skins and skele tons I have, more than two thousand birds, thousands of insects and shells ; I succeeded also in collecting one hun dred and twenty skulls of uegrues. (Laughter.) I bring the negro, not for pleasure, but as a matter of science. (Laughter.) The negro could not un derstand what I meant at first. 1 had to be very careful in obtaining the skulls. They thought I was crazy they said, and would ask "'what does that man want? He is always hunting the woods. He is wild, and always speaks of buying the skulls of our . forefathers." They were very shy at first about it, and always came at night with them. And now and then a man was very angry in the village, and said he had gone into the burial ground, and that he could not get the skull of his father or somebody else. (Laughter.) Sometimes I would meet them at the house. Each one had a bundle in which was a bug and a skull, and they told me not to tell what was there, and' others said the same thing. I was glad to get those skulls, because they are cer tainly the pure blood of negroes, and it is a great thing to have the skulls of the pure blooded negro. There, in equa torial Africa, the negro is very intelli gent. This country which we have ex plored is nothing but a vastjungle, and until recently was not known. The gorilla had been heard of in the time of Anno, the Carthagenian navigator,:who, in his narrative, makes mention of a wild, hairy man, and that he succeeded in capturing only three females or three women. But they were so will he was obliged to kill them and preserved their skins. Pliny mentions that the skins were still in the temple of Juno when the Romans took Carthage. From then the gorilla remained unknown, until lately he has been brought to light again. I was struck in my ex plorations of this vast jungle to find the population very thinly scattered. It abounds in tribes. I visited myself more than thirty tribes, from the can nibal tribes to the dwarfs—little men, hairy men, covered with little tufts of hair. They are from four feet three inches to four feet four inches and four feet five inches. They are, no doubt, the pigmies of Herodotus, which he de scribed to be towards the head waters of the Nile. All navigation has always been from the east towards the west. I have questioned the negroes about where they came from, when they came from another village, and found that they travelled west. They always move from the west towards the east. I never'saw any exception to this. Some of these tribes are exceedingly warlike; others are very mild. The finest negroes are the Cannibal tribes. They are lighter colored and tall, and their superiority is principally shown by the working iron. They work iron beautifully. The moun tains there are covered with iron ; but being warlike in their nature, they make barbed spears, arrows, axes and all sorts of implements to kill each other. In that country they kill all their prisoners. Strange to say, they do not bury any of their dead, except their kings. Those that die of disease are eaten up. Now and then they go into neighboring tribes and steal their corpses. I gave an ac count in my first volume of an instance where, within one hundred yards of a settlement of the missionaries at Ga- boons, they stole corpses and went back. These tribes are very much feared. I had nobody with me when I was among them; still, I found them very kind towards me. I told them it was very bad to eat human flesh, but they all said to me that next to human flesh the gorilla's flesh was the best. (Laughter.) I said then, " Why don't you kill gorillas ?" They said, "We cannot, because they are too powerful." They have no guns there, and they cannot kill the gorilla with their spears. I uad great difficulty in learning the languages, and had to stay among them a long time to do so. Not only that, but to come down to their level of thinking. The difficulty of a traveler is to come down to the level of thinking with those negroes. It is as difficult to come to that standard as it is for the negro to come to our own level of thinking there. I never succeeded in this thing. I tried to have them explain to me their superstition and religion ; but I never could understand anything about it, and at last I gave it up in despair. I traveled sometimes and often through the thick jungles of this curious coun try for several days together without meeting a single settlement, and I have traveled through this country sev eral days without eating anything. I have been as much as two or three days without fond, and had no companion with me but a monkey. I used some times to eat a few leaves or nuts, always eating what the monkey ate, for fear of eating something that might not be wholesome (laughter) and sometimes the monkey used to eat the bitterest nuts he could find, and of course I would find that out. (Laugh ter.) I was always obliged to camp in the forest and in that country it rains nine months of the year, near the coast, and the whole year round in the interior. So it was not always pleasant weather to camp out in. [Laughter.] Night after night you are wet through there. The natives are very lazy and make their wives do everything for them. [Laughter.] Every particle of baggage is carried by the women when the men are moving anywhere. All that can be carried is carried on a woman's back. You will see a large man, a big, strong, lazy savage, going along carrying a spear, while the women are loaded down with plantains, which are the chief food of the country. The plaintain is a kind of ,banana, except that it is much larger and requires cooking before it is so fit for food as the banana. The women often have to carry food enough to last a whole family for several days, and besides that stalks and other refuse have to be carried. You can fancy how these men make their wives assist them. [Laughter.] The men are so lazy that they will only think of the present moment, and never LANCASTER PA. WEDNESDAY MORNING, MAY 22 1867. entertain the least notion of providing for the future. They will so etimes have to carry plantains, and • the be ginning of the journey they • will be throwing awry as much as th can at every step, when their comp ions are not looking at them, but the moment they begin to feel want the next day they exclaim, "0, if we only knew this yesterday ; what will we do now ?" (Laughter.) So improvident are they. All these people believe in the fetish re ligion. They believe in good and evil spirits, but particularly evil ones. Whenever they are sick or in any trouble they invariably accuse the evil spirit of it. By the bed of the sick man they fire off guns and pistols, and, ,in fact, make all the noise they can ; and when you ask them what it is for, they say it is to frighten the evil spirit away from him—they do it to frighteu the devil'out of him (laughter)—and they say that this will make him well ' • but he generally dies. (Laughter.) This gives some notion of their religious be lief. They ail believ,e in witchcraft. Whenever a man dies they kill several of his relatives, because of jealousy. The estate there consists altogether of women and wives, but princi pally of wives. (Laughter.) Jealousy is the cause of the murder of the relatives. The property, which con sists of wives and women, never de scends to the sons or the children, but to the nephew or son of the eldest sis ter. He inherits the property. (Laugh ter.) The sons never inherit, but the cousins do. It is not a custom to marry relatives. These people never do it.— They would express surprise if you spoke to them about marrying a cousin. They do not think much of their chil dren after four or five years old. As long as they are children they are fond of them; but when they are boys or girls they care very little about them, and generally sell them. When a child is to be sold, the parents attend to divide the price among them, and the wives are sold to their husbands' and the hus band is to give presents to the father in-law, and compel all his friends to do so. (Laughter.) In fact, they are great plagues, these African Lathers-in-law. (Laughter.) They say, "See here, now, I have given you the finest wife in all the tribe, and you ought to be proud of her. You ought to send me more presents. (Laughter.) And so he makes him keep sending him presents all the time. (Laughter.) Wives and slaves are their only property, and they marry right and left as long as they can, no matter how young or how old they may be (laughter); but they always try. to get the youngest wives they can. (Laugh ter.) And in that we cannot blame them—(laughter)—for we do so our selves. I am a bachelor, and I have just as much love for a young lady now as ever I had in my life. (Laughter.) So you see they are just the same as I am in that respect. (Laughter.) The husbands command their wives to love them. They call them all out and say, "I want you to love me to-night or to morrow ; " or they say, "You do not love me as much as you ought. Look, now, at all the trouble I have had with you ; all the beads and presents I gave you, and all the money I have spent upon you, and you do not love me near as much as you ought to love me, after all." (Laughter.) ,ipmetimes they threaten them, and sal,'"lf you do not love me I will whip you to-morrow." (Laughter.) Sometimes if the girl is not liked by the husband, she is sent back. The father-in-law in the meantime threatens often to take his daughter back if he is not satisfied with presents. The largest number of wives I ever knew any one to have was two hundred, and when I inquired of his majesty how many children he had, he condescended to say he had six hundred. [Laughter.] In that country fowls and goats are exclusively given to the women and children for food. The men never eat them. What the women leave goes to the t hildren. They are the only animals that they have domesticated. I found tribes that were very fond of in toxicating drink and that drank morn ing and night, many of them being nearly always intoxicated. They have four kinds of drink, which they make from sugar cane and plantain water, and they even take a pride in being able to make these drinks and get drunk. When I said to one of them, " What a horrible wretch you are, to be get ting drunk in this way," he said to me, " I am not ashamed to get drunk. lam not like the gorilla, who knows not how to make drink, and can only drink the water out of the woods- I am able to make my drink good; go. rilla drink only water ; man can make whiskey and drink it." Whenever a man dies they move away from the place, because they believe an evil spirit is in it. They are very kind hearted, although they rob right and left. While I was on my last trip one of my men's guns went off accidentally and killed one or two of them ; but of course they could make no allowance for an acci dent, and with the seven men I had with me I had to fight my way out from among them fora distance of five hundred miles and upwards in conse quence of the accident. But notwith standing this they ate very tender hearted ; for they never steal anything without leaving the victim a portion of what belongs to him. When ever they robbed me they always left me half of whatever they fancied. They think that we can make beads and fancy things at will, and so - they have no no hesitation in taking them. They never take anything by force, but always behind your back. They will rob you when you cannot see them. When travelling with them, if we were short of food they would always, if we caught a monkey, offer him to me to eat; but of course, as thty were as hungry as I was, I would only take a small part with them ; but this showed their kindness. In some places there are many venomous serpents and no beasts whatever, because they cannot live among these reptiles, which are there by the million, and often travel in drove , 4. You can always know when they are moving in this way by the manner in which they drive the birds be fore them; and even men have to keep a very close watch to protect them selves from these reptiles. The gorilla, even, cannot hold his own against them. The temperature in the shade I found to be about 98 degrees in this region, and 155 in the sun. I never had it higher than that. In England, where the sun is not so powerful, when the thermometer in the shade is 99, it will only be about 106 in the sun ; but in Africa, though only 99 in the shade, the thermometer, if placed in the sun, would rise to 135. In Africa, near the equator, close by the sea, during the year, there is a rain fall of about 295 inches. The forests in that region abound in insects and all sorts of living creatures. In fact, they are so numerous that my observations regarding their habits and character, added to my astro nomical researches, more than fully oc cupied my time during my ten years of exploration, during, which I never saw a white face. I generally contrived to keep myself busy until about two o'clock and would then try to sleep. It was absolutely impossible for me to attempt to fall asleep until that time it was so warm. Generally the nights are about eighty-five or ninety, and one always feels tired in the morning and has to take a little quinine. In conclusion, I may say that I shall be happy if my labors have added anything to the knowledge possessed by Europeans of Central Africa and of the men who in habit it. The only reward I seek is the esteem of my fellow men and the kind consideration of my friends. (Applause.) General Franklin Pierce The telegram from Baltimore which ap peared in our city papers on Saturday morning, stating that ex-President Pierce had arrived in that city, and had visited Jonah D. Hoover. Esq., who has been in there, determined the many friends of Gen eral Pierce to visit him at Barnum's Hotel. The disappointment was great with them when it was learned that he left that city on Friday evening. A gentleman of this city has, we are glad to say, received a note from Mr. Hoover, by which it appears that he is gradually convalescing.—National Intelli ge7lGer. African Cannibals Mr. Charles Livingstone, Her Majes ty's Conklin the Bight of Biafra, sends to the Foreign Office the following nar rative of his interview with the King of the Okrika country, in July, with a view to terminate war between that con n try and New Calabar; the Consul was accompanied by three chiefs of Bonny p " Op Okrika, the chief town, is built on a dry ridge, part of which is adorn ed with magnificent trees. A stockade, through which peep someguns, defends the water front of the town, which seemed longer than Grand Bonny.— Dense masses of people crowded the beach at the public landing-place. The Bonny chiefs, Prince George, Banigo, Calendusi, landed, but we remained in the boats until they had seen the King. In 15 minutes theyreturned and beckon ed us to land. The stench was terrible ; all the stinks at the outskirts of all the African villages I ever entered, though mixed and shaken together, would be weak compared to this. After passing through the crowd, we met some fel lows who tried to stop us. 'lt was con trary to juju for white men to enter the town.' The bonny chiefs scolded, and we pushed on, but soon met a mob of hundreds, and further progress was im possible. In vain did Banigo and Ca lendusi scold and push, and even knock some down ; the others pressed closer together, shouting, barking, and gestic ulating frantically. After looking at the performance until we got tired of it, we returned to the boats. A canoe came off with two messengers from the King inviting us to come ashore. Guards armed with long sticks at the corners oj the streets, and the town was quiet. We were conducted to the King's audience chamber, which had no light except what came in by the door. Chairs were brought, and the chiefs and others crowded in. A beating of drums announced that the King had gone to the juju house to con sult the spirits before proceeding to business. In half an hour King Fibia appeared, a strongly built man of 45, with a round good-natured looking face. He shook hands and sat down on a low stool in a corner. Apologizing for the rude reception his people had given us, he asked us to remain till the following day, as some of his chiefs had not yet arrived from their villages. A table of home manufacture was brought in, the Queen spread a tablecoth over it, and ' tombo' (unintoxicating wine) was presented. Permission to see the town was given, and we paid a visit to the juju house; a noisy crowd attempted to rush in after us, but a vigorous ap• plication of the long sticks of the guards drove them back. Masses of human skulls hang from the walls, and numer ous rows of skulls cover the roofof a sort of altar. In front of this altar sat the juj u man, having a footstool of human skulls. The Okrika had eaten the victims whose skulls decorate the juju-house. An old man Who accompanied us spoke with evident gusto of the different can nibal feasts he had partaken of, men tioned the part of the human body which he considered the sweetest. It is the first time I have seen canibals in Africa. We saw men at work tarring ropes ; others retailed gin in the streets by the wineglass. We had a glimpse of the Okrika funeral ceremony. Three young men, facing the same way, had the corpse of a boy done up in matting on their shoulders. They twisted and tugged, and appeared as if struggling with some unseen spirits who wished to drag the body to a shallow open grave by the side of a house. At times the young men had the advantage, and brought the body back from the grave ; then the spirits prevailed, and dragged them forward. A man kept beat ing a drum. The Okrika are well clothed, most of the cloth being made of the palm leaf. They are acquainted with several vegetable dyes; two—a yellow and a blue are used to paint their persons. We slept in Og obome, a large village which has an oil market, and about two miles from the capital. A good dinner was provided and we were offered a choice of sleeping apartments, close inner rooms: or the open verandah ; my companions prefer red the latter. I was conducted to a neighboring house and found the people very kind. My bed, small boxes, of un equal height unluckily, was in the best room, in which I found a good fire, 30 kegs of powder, and a considerable quantity of cloth and gin. I managed to sleep tolerably well, but my com panions were badly bitten by the sand flies. A king's messenger came for us at sunrise, and shortly after 7 we were seated with the King and his chiefs. King Fibia remarked that in Bonny the King and chiefs could settle public affairs, but inOkrika the people always wanted to be present. He thought it would be better to have an interview in a public place, so that his people could hear all that was said, and not have to pester him with questions after we were gone. We accordingly ad journed to the street. There was some disturbance at tirst, but nothing like that of an excited political gathering in a civilized country. King Fibia re quested them to be silent, and listen to what was said. ill Prime Minister and orator, having before him speci mens of two'kinds of dried fish, a fish trap, and piece of net, commenced by remarking that they were glad to see me. They did not understand the cus- tome of the white men; no white man had ever been in their town before, and they hoped I would excuse them if they proceeded in their ovLn way. He then picked up the dried fish, the trap and net, and handed them to me, saying `Bonny and Calabar have ships to trade with, Okrlka has nothing but fish. It is on fish we live, it is with fish we buy the oil we have to sell, and this has been so ever since Okrika became a country. It was in the creeks I saw in coming that they caught their fish, and Calabar men came into these creeks and stole heir fish out of the nets, and also their canoes." Mr. Livingston discussed with them terms of peace, and it was finally arranged that Fibia should send down two of his chiefs to meet the chiefs of Bonny and Calabar and settle differences. The Consul adds: "The session lasted four hours and a half.— Never before in Africa have I seen such powerful looking men as the Okrika. could not but admire their physical strength. As they sat before me chew ing bits of chopstick to clean their teeth, and gazing earnestly at me, the thought occasionally flashed across my mind : `Are these Cannibals wondering how a piece of roast Consul would taste, and which would be most savory, cold Con sul or hot ?' On parting, Fibia made me a present of. about a cart load of gi gantic yams, two goats, and a fowl." The Beauty of Irish Women. Mons. Felip Belly, one of the writers of the Constitutionelle, having made a tour through Ireland, last summer, pro nounces the following eulogium upon the women of the country : "The most remarkable element, the richest, and certainly the most full of life, of this land so life full, is the popu lation itself. No European race, that of the Caucasus excepted, can compete with it in beauty. The Irish blood is of a purity and distinction, especi ally among the females, which strikes all strangers with astonish ment. The transparent whiteness of the skin, the absorbing attraction, which, in France, is but the attribute of one woman to a thousand, is here the general type. The daughter of the poor man, as well as the fine lady,possesses an opal milky tint, the arms of P a statue, the foot and hand of a duchess, and the bearing of a queen. In the most wretch ed streets of the olden quarters of Dub lin, the most ideal tintings of the pencil would grow pale before the beauty of the children ; and in the compact crowd which each day occupies the footpaths of Merton Square, there is certainly the most magnificent collection of human beings it is possible to meet. Blondes with black eyes, and brunettes with blue, are by no means rare. The race is as strong as it is handsome, as vigor ous as it is charming. The girls of Con emara, with their queenly shoulders and eyes of fire, would put to shame, at this day, those - daughters of the East from whom they are said to have de scended.,, A Rooster Lawyer's Malden Speech The following is from a Western lawyer: I . am a one-horse lawyer away out West, doing a staving businesi "on that line." I was formerly a young man of promise—from the country—in fact, I was "elevated" from childhood by benevolent parents in one of the most obscure districts of the " Hoosier'? State. I am not a yeterau iu corres pondence, but a lover of diverting in stitutions, and for the perusal of one of my eloquent speeches which I saw fit to make in defense of my clients a short epoch ago. Some days ago I was called upon to defend various and sundry individuals who had violated the laws. At the specified time I was on hand as usual like a bar-room loafer. The old 'Squire' sat on a bench about fourteen inches long. He looked as modest as a foreign and domestic liquor dealer. His old lady took a seat where she could see the trial and hear the argamints.' After imbibing a small quantity of double distilled quintessence of blue ruin, which a jug under the bed con tained, the Squire went to a dark closet and abstracted therefrom a huge book that looked like Shakspeare's or Black stone's or some other man's book. He perused one page (the first he came to) and looked up and said. "Accord in' to law there are two ways of startin' intew the merits of this here case. One is tew pussekute and t'other tew look iu' arter the prisoner'sdefense." I immediately assumed a perpendicu lar attitude and informed the highly educated Squire not to trouble his pre sumptions about the defense, for I was the veritable Lycurgus employed and educated regardless of all expense. When the trial was supposed to be in full blast 1 rose to a point of order and, with a sarcastic look of marvellous nothingness, I proceeded in the follow ing manner: " May it please the Court, the young scions of diminutive intellect stand here in you; putrid presence victimized and made afraid. Now, sir, according to the magnanimous an fantastic ' fun damental institutions of forensic law, I declare these culprits ignominiously at liberty to mock your intrepid course. Your feeble and pusillanimous prosecu tion can be externally explunktafied from the arena of high proclivications by the reflection of modern sentiment for a moment. "Go back to the perpendicular anti podes of prosaic language, sir, and you will find the old pod anger system van ishing into the blue flame of dark oblivion or rayless night. These un worthy culprits are models of artistic impunity and You are ready to shed your pandemonium vengeance upon the afflicted comporosity of the great community without stint and with huge superstision. " The eyes of an unworthy posterity are looking daggers into your lacerated heart. Your wife—the wife of your in carnate bosom—stands ready to disfran chise you! And your heterogeneous children detest your foul proboscis with an immortal vengeance. If the sun sets this evening your fate is final and finished. Resquiescat in pace." I cleared the young devils, of course. Delights of a Saracenic Mansion. A traveler who has been visiting the dwelling of Assal, one of the leading citizens of Damascus, gives the follow ing description of the building: When we arrived at the front of the mansion we were surprised at the mean ness of its appearance—at the walls of sunburnt bricks, and the few miserable windows stuck here and there without order or arrangement, possessing no glass, but covered with a thick lattice formed with crossbars of wood. Great, however, was the contrast between the exterior of the house and the scene that presented itself when we passed through a door opened by a slave. We saw, to our surprise and pleasure, a spacious and magnificent court, paved with Dutch tiles and marble. In the centre of it was a large fountain, bubbling over into a cool, clear, circular reservoir of water filled with pet fish. Around this court extended a range of buildings one story high, of a pretty, fantastic style of architecture, decorated with Moorish or Saracenic ornaments. At the upper end of the court was a grotto, or alcove, floored with various colored marbles, opening on the spa cious area, but elevated three steps above it. A rich figured divan ex tended around the walls, and the little secluded spot presented a cool and de lightful smoking retreat, from whence the large court and the murmuring fountain were most agreeably surveyed. Seating ourselves on the soft, luxuriant divan, we were served with coffee. Some black slaves in scarlet dresses, with long white wands, then came to conduct us to see some of the apartments of the mansion and of the harem, the ladies of which were absent at a summer villa in the garden. The buildings on the western side of the court contained a succession of detached handsome rooms; the floors were covered with a thick matting, and the ceilings were painted in a beautiful manner and with great taste. - The walls were adorned with rich carving and gilding, and all around them, raised about a foot and a half from the floor, extended a divan cov ered with rich figured mixed silk and cotton stuff of Damascus manufacture. The grand saloon or reception hall on the ground floor ou the northern side of the court, in which strangers and visit ors are received, was far the finest apart ment of the place. We first came on to a square floor paved with different col ored marbles, having a fountain in the centre, and overhead a handsome paint ed and gilded ceiling. From this floor we ascended by steps to other raised floors payee with marble and covered with a very handsome matting. Scrolls and different devices were painted around the walls, something of the Chinese style, and divans extended around the apartment, placed against the wall. Gilded bowls of sherbet were handed round, and slices of lemons and chopped almonds floating in it; then came a black slave, who held in his hand an embroidered handkerchief, which he just pressed to our lips when we had ceased drinking. The presence of the slaves was commanded by clap ping of hands, as mentioned in the Arabian Nights." Cups of coffee were then again handed round. Prentice Criticises Beecher. The Louisville Journal publishes this: Mr. Beecher is an accomplished scholar, of very extraordinary genius, and we are sure that his novel will be read with intense interest by hundreds of thousands in this country and in Europe. Still we cannot help feeling surprised that he does not write more carefqlly. He absolutely sins against the English language. In the ninth and tenth lines from the beginning of his work he says: " Men speak of Yan kee character as if there was but one type which pervaded New England." Of course he should say as if there were but one type, &c. Next he says: "No where else in the nation are men so dif ferentiated." This" differentiated" is an awkward word, and Mr. Beecher does not use it in its true signification. To differentiate is to find the differential of, and the differential is the infinitesi mal difference between the states of a variable quantity, but this is not at all what Mr. Beecher means nor what he supposes himself to say. In the next sentence he says : "If we should em ploy a scientific method and speak of a western genus, and of a southern genus, and a middle State genus, then it will be found," &c. If we "should," then it "will." But should requires would. If we should employ, &c., it would be found, &c. And then the author says almost immediately afterwards : " Such a ride from New Haven to Saint Albans, &c., can scarcely be matched for the charms of it scenery, the number and beauty of its villages, for the general in telligence and culture of its people," To. So a " ride " is praised for the number and beauty of its villages, the culture of its people, do. That will never do. NUMBER 20 d Balloon Voyage Across the Irish Chan- Mr. Hodsman send to the Irish papers the following account of a recent trip from Dublin to Westmoreland in a balloon:• "The balloon ascended at 4:40, and took a northerly direction to Clontarf, where it was my intention to descend; but from the velocity the balloon was traveling at, I perceived it was foolish to try. In a half a minute I was over the muddy strand between Clontarf and Howth, where another attempt watt made to land ; but before the balloon descended one hundred feet it was driven between Howth and Ireland's Eye. It now became evident to me that landing in Ireland was out of the question, and that all arrangements must be Inade to be driven either to Wales or Lanca shire. The first thing that struck me was to drop the grapnel to its full extent —one hundred and twenty feet. This acted as a guide to the distance the bal loon might be kept above the surface of the water, it being now dark ; and by placing one hand on the rope the effect of the grapnel striking the water was distinctly felt. With an open bag of ballast on my knee, every time the grapnel struck the water, a couple of handfuls of sand were thrown out : and to this plan alone I owe my own pre servation and success. The ballast taken was about thirty-five stone. " For three hours this plan was car ried out, and then came on the most blinding and merciless rain I ever saw or felt. I could not see fifteen feet before me, and the noise of the rain on the balloon and the water was such as to entirely unnerve me. My hands be came numb, and I was drenched to the skin. I now began to perceive my po sition more :acutely. However, I de termined I would not give up until all the ballast and moveables were gone. The rain made the balloon heavier every moment, and the ballast was thrown out more freely until about ten o'clock, when the fatigue overcame me, and I fell into a stupor for a few mo ments. By this time the balloon had descended within six feet of the water, and instantly out went one hundred and twenty-eight pounds of ballast. The effect of this was that the balloon rose to an altitude of a mile, entirely through the rain clouds, and there the moon shone brilliantly; and in this position it remained about a quarter of an hour. The effect of the moon shining on the clouds beneath was such as any artist might be proud of. The shadow of the balloon was distinctly to be seen traveling over the rough and uneven clouds, giving the idea of a balloon race. Everything now became calm; no longer the hum of the ocean or the rain—all was still. But whether the sea still raged beneath was unknown. " As the balloon descended it was evi dent a change had come over the scene; the rain had ceased, and the appearance of everything was of the darkest hue— whether it was an under-stratum of dark clouds could not be known. Sud denly a glimmer of light was seen for a moment; then with anxious eyes cast downward to perceive any object, at last small squares with darker margins were clearly visible. This proved to be fields and hedges, and they appeared to vanish as quickly as objects passed when in a mail train. A town, afterward proved to be Appleby, was at last seen, and the sound of musicial instruments heard. I then called out to know where I was, but the reply was unintelligible. They, however, saw it was a balloon. "About two miles further, the grap nel caught in a large oak tree, and held fast. This afterwards proved to be Dagla Wood, Dufton, near Appleby, Westmoreland. I then called out lusti ly, and sounds of persons singing and playing music reached me. These proved to be four young men coming from Appleby, where they had been to a ball. They were natives of Dufton, and as they advanced nearer their na tive village they heard my voice. One of them, more bold than the rest, was sent forward to see if it was really a ' bogie,' as they had heard of such things before. However their fears were soon dispelled when the replies to their questions were answered satis factorily. They at once set to work to pull the balloon out of the wood, and convey it to a field where it could be folded up. It was then 3 o'clock in the morning. Those young musicians afterward played a tune to the village ; and many were the heads out of the windows to inquire the reason of such an unusual proceeding. When it be came known that a balloon had come from Dublin, hundreds came as early as five o'clock to see it, and many were the inquiries to how a man could come from Dublin in 'sic a thing as that.' I however, shall never forget their kind ness • many were the breakfasts pre pared for me, and I was positively pressed to eat two. All wished me long life and prosperity at parting, and hoped if ever I came that way again to give them a call." The Klzzllbash—A Curious Tribe In Koor dlstan. The British consul in Koordistan re ports to the Foreign Office the particu lars of a visit he has recently made to a singular tribe of that country, known as the Kizzilbash. He says: " The Kizzilbash are semi-Indepen dent, as, secure in their mountains, they pay what duties they like, refuse re cruits, and disobey sub-governors other than those of their own race and ap proved by themselves. Their whole number, at the lowest computation, cannot be less than two hundred thous and men, and they boast of being able to bring fifty thousand matchlocks into the field ; but half that number—still a considerable force, and an inconvenient enemy to deal with—would, Mr. Taylor thinks, be nearer the mark. As in similar Asiatic societies, their chiefs are rich in their own rude way, but the great majority are hopelessly poor, from the large amount they are yearly obliged to give their Aghas, wno take a fifth of their agricultural produce and a certain amount of sheep, butter and money annually. Their religion is a curious mixture of Ishlamism, Christianity and Paganism, and they worship the sun, large stones and trees, and profess many other doctrines origi nally derived from the Keremetta and Assassins, who rose in the third century .of the Hejret, common to the Nosyrees and Druses of Mount Lebanon, and oth er parts of Syria. In this jumble of re ligions Ali holds the first place, but they regard our Saviour with particular re spect, as they in fact believe that He and all the prophets and holy men, from Adam to Ali, were but different incarnations of the Deity. Ali, as com ing last they reverence most, and style him "The word, the untreated, begot ton of light, the lion of God, the perfect and the just truth." Mysterious and scandalous rites, totally unfounded in fact, have been tributed to them. This scandal has originated in the secrecy they observe during their prayer -meet ins, at which, on state occasions, they partake of consecrated bread and wine, in imitation of our Lord's supper. They are totally ignorant of reading or writing, and therefore generally fanatics in their faith. In religious matters, therefore, they implicity obey ' the guidance of their spiritual chiefs called Deydees (literally Sayers) and Sereas, who under the circumstances exercise unbounded influence over them, and preside at their prayer meet ings, on which occasion they chant the praises and attributes of All and the twelve Imams. Professing a creed that, shorn of its absurdities, assimilates somewhat to the Christian faith, they have profited by the teaching of the in defatigable American missionaries at Kharpoot, and now one of the most in fluential chiefs and his followers, while avowing themselves Christians after a study of the Scriptures, have re ally imbibed true Protestant doctrines and in the conduct of their every day life act up to them. There is no doubt (says Mr. Taylor) that, in spite of the loyal teaching of the Americans, the whole Kizzilbash• as a race are every where disaffected ; and it is well to point out that they exist not only in the Deyvaim but everywhere from this to Constantinople, and also about Siwass, the mountains near Dltdatia, raw, SATE OF AbiniEICIMUMG. Ituarerinia Aurstainutexerrs, $l2 a year par " per y ear / I Dr each lid- BALL Estee% PERRO/fA.L PROPERTY and GER. =AL ADVERT/WM cents a line for the nret, and 4 pen" for eagh stibeequent Inser tion. • Brzatex. Norma inserted in Local Colunni, 15 cents kir line: SPECIAL • PTOTIOXII preo e dls Itionbew a nd deaths, 10 cents par line for first insertion. and 6 cents for every subsequent insertion. Erutruism Mane, of ten lines Or less, one 10 Dulness Cards, nve lines or less, one Year,....._........... ......... 5 Lr.o.ex. Executors' 2.00 Administrators' 2.00 sea' n0t10e5,—..—...,..—...--. 2.00 ti l x i g n ors' notices ,.. :....— 1.60 Other time.'" ten Uses, 'or less, • three Adiamoti, and Kliarpoot. They are essentially antagonistical to the Moslems and their rule in the mountains, while elsewhere they display a very qualified allegiance, which during a crisis, might enlist them against those they deem aliens In religion, persecutors and op pressors. Their existence or toleration in their actual state is highly dangerous to the State, not only at present, as .regards the industrious classes of all creeds, who, from contiguity, are under their bane ful influence, but also in event of future unforeseen circumstances, when they would likely be seduced, by the prom ises and donations of an invading ene my, from their present wavering allegi ance. What would be easier or more likely, in the event of another Russian aggression upon Turkey, for the enemy to invade Asia Minor by Bayezid and Moosh, instead of from Gemri, follow ing the easy and level route through the rich valley of the Diyadin branch of the Euphrates, leaving the Deyvsim be tween them and the Turkish forces at Erzingau and Erzeroum. The Russians would then move through an Armenian population, if not favorable, at least not directly hostile, to their interests, and exercise, every step they advanced, an influence over the Kizzilbash, who would in themselves be sufficient to hold in check a large army seeking to ad vance from either of the above positions, through the short route of their rugged mountains upon the enemy. Tate Nvertiormento. BOOK AGENTS WANTED FOR ' BEYOND THE MISSISSIPPI:" From the Great River to the Great Ocean, BY ALBERT D. RICHARDSON OVER2O,OOO COPIESSOLD IN ONE MONTH! 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BAKER'..% HISTORY OF THE SECRET SERVICE This work embraces an AUTHENTIC and OFFICIAL account of the hitherto suppressed facts and Information obtained by General BAKER, during his live years service as Chief of the National Detective Police. Now that the war is over, the NATION demands this in ner History, and as a historian, the Author subserves no partisan purposes, but writes the plain unvarnished truth; sparing neither high nor low, LOYAL NOR REBEL, STATESMAN nor CONVICT, CIVILIAN nor GOVERN MENT OFFICIAL; Judiciously Justifying his statements with vouchers Rom the highest au thority, imparting thereby a genuine historic value to his startling disclosures. Active, energetic Agents aro clearing 8200 per month, which we can prove to any doubt, log applicant. Address, P. GARRETT et CO., 702 Chestnut street, Philadelphia, Pu. AMERICAN STOCK JOURNAL, A. first-class monthly, conialnlug 30 large double column Pages, only 50 cents for six Mouths. Try It! 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