Uf faiuast# gnteiUgfiiw, Published every Wednesday by SANDERSON * CO H. G Smith, J. M. Cooper, Wu. A. Morton, Alfred Sanderson TERMS—Two Dollars per itnnnm, payable all cases In advance. OFFlCE—Southwest corner of Centre Square. £9*All letters on business should be ad dressed to Cooper, Sanderson A Co. For the Intelligencer. The Seasons. When “ Jan-us” burls his northern blast, From arctic icebergs frozen fast; He loads with frost the shivering air, Till Winter chimes In wild despair. Grim “ February ” clad in icy mail, Drives on the boisterous wintry gale— His winds the Alpine summits know, While girding on perpetual snow. Wild blustering March is cold and drear, Un 11 nrlght sunshine days appear; Then Winter’s Ice-bound spell is gone. And flowery Bpring soon blossoms on. When April s sun resumes his sway, And sheds his warm eflulgent ray ; He clears away old Winter’s track, And brings the genial Bpring-tlme back. When May In brightest green appears, And Na'ure’s flowery costume wears; Bhe spreads her blossoms o’er the trees. And flings their perfume o’er the breeze. Fair June begins bright Bummer’s day, And clothes her flelds with new made hay; Hbe spreads her grandeur o’er the main, While zephyrs wave her rlpentng grain. As rolls fair July's sun aroiu d, The harvest sheaves are reaped and bound; Ami e’er the lammas floods begin, The ripened shocks are gathered In. The Hummer’s glorious orb of day, Pours forth his heated August ray; llui soon his heal begins U> wave, And Autumn winds resound again. When o’er trie equinoctial’s gale, September s winds begin to wall; Ami o'er the Autumn Irostsjiave come, The Hummer’s flowers are gathered home. ’Tls on October’s milder day. The ripening corn is sLored away • Bui when fair Indian Summer's o l er, The Autumn skies begin to lower. Throughout November’s eve’s ofgloom, The forest walls the faded bloom; The Summer’s flowers are strewn around, And withered leaves lie o’er the ground. Del-ember’s winds drive o’er the plain, A ml Boreas shakes his front# mane; But all forget ire, When clustered found the Christinas fire. Old Sadsbuky. sCitewmj. The One-Eyed Servant. A Story Told to n Child BY J KAN INGE LOW Do yow see those two preLty cottages oil opposite aides of thecominon ? How bright their windows are, and how pretty the vines trail over them. A year ago one of them was the.. dirtiest and most forlorn looking place you can im agine, and its mistress the most untidy. She was once sitting at her cottage door, with her arms folded as if she were in deep thought, plough to look at her face, one would not have' sup posed she was doing more than idly watching the swallows as they floated about in the hot, clear air. Her gown Svas torn ami shabby, her shoes down at the heels ; the little curtain in her casement, which had once been white ami fresh, hud a great rent in It; and altogether she looked poor and forlorn. She sat some time, gazing across the common, when all of a sudden she heard a little noise, like stitching, near the ground. She looked down, and sitting on the border, under a wall-flower bush, she saw the funniestlittle man possible, with a blue coat, a yellow waist-coat, and red boots ; he had got a small shoe on his lap, and he was stitching away at it with all his might. “(food morning, mistress!” said the little man. “A very fine day. ~Why may you be looking so earnestly across the common?” “ I was looking at my neighbor’s cot tage,” said the young woman. “ What? Tom, the gardener’s wife? little Polly she used to be called; and a very pretty cottage it is too! Looks thriving, doesn’t it?” “ She was always lucky,” said Bella, (for that was the young wife’s name,) ‘‘and her husbandis always good to her.” il They were both good husbands at first,” interrupted the little cobbler, without stopping. “ Reach me my awl, mistress, will you, for you seem to have nothing to do ; it lies close by your foot.” “Well, I cun’t say but they were both veVy good husbands at first,” re plied Bella, reaching the awl with a sigh; “ but mine has changed for the worse, and her’s for the better; and then how she thrives. Only to think of our both being married on the same day ; and now [ have nothing, and she has two pigs and a—” “ And a lot of flax that she had spun in the winter,” interrupted the cobbler; “and a Sunday gown, as good gVeen stuff*as ever wasseen, andto my knowl edge, a hundsome silk handkerchief for an apron, and a red waistcoat for her good man, with three rows of blue-glass buttons, and a flitch of bauou in the chimney, an,d a rope of onions.” “Oh ! she’s a luckywoman,” exclaim ed Bella. “ Ay, and a tea-tray with Daniel in the Lion’s Den upon it,” continued the cobbler; “ and a fat baby in thecradle.” “ Oh! I’m sure I don’t envy her that last,” said Bella pettishly. “I have little enough for myself and husband, letting alone children.” “Why, mistress, isn’t your husband in work?” asked the cobbler. “No, he's at the ale-house.” “Why, how’s that? he used to be very sober. Can’t he get work ?” “ His last master wouldn't keep him, because lie was so shabby.” “ Humph !”said tlie little man ; a groom, is lie not? Well, as I was saying, your neighbor opposite thrives wonderfully ; hut no wonder ! Well, I’ve nothing to do with other people's Secrets, but 1 could tell you, only I'm busy, and I must go.” “Could tell me what?” cried the young wife. “0, good cobbler, don’t go, for I’ve nothing to do. Pray tell me why its no wonder that she should thrive?” “ Well,” Bald he, “ it’B no business of mine, you know, but ns I said before it’s no wonder people thrive who huve n servant —a hard working one, too— who is always helping them.” “A servant!” repeated Bella, “my neighbor has a servant! No wonder, then, everything looks so neat about her; but I never saw this servant. I think you must be mistaken ; besides, how could she afford to pay her wages?” “She has a servant, I see!” repeated the cobbler “ a one-eyed servant—but she pays her no wages, to my certain knowledge. Well, good morning, mis tress, I must go.” " Do stop one minute,” cried Bella urgeutly “ where did she get this ser vant ?” “ Oh, I don’t know,” said the cobbler; servants are plentiful enough, and Polly used her's well, I tell you?” “ And what does she do for her ?” “Do for her? Why, all sorts of things—l think she’s the cause of her prosperity. To my knowledgeshe never refuses to do anything, keeps Tom’s and Polly’s clothes in beautiful order, and the baby’s.” “Dear me!” said Bella, in an envious tone, and holding up both hands; “well, she is a lucky woman, and I always Baid so. She takes good care I shall never see her servant. What sort of a servant is she, and how came she to have only one eye?” “It runs In her family," replied the iancastcr Sntdlujcnoci; VOLUME 67. cobbler, stitching busily; “they are all so—one eye apiece; yet they make a very good use-of it, and Polly’s servant has four cousins who are blind —stone blind; no eyes at ail; and they sometimes come and help her. I've seen them in the cottage myself, and that’s how Polly gets a good deal of her money. They wdrk for her, and she takes what they make to market, and buyß all those handsome things. “Only think,” said Bella, almost ready to cry with vexation, “and I've not got a soul to do anything for me; how hard it is!” and she took up her apron to wipe away her tears. The cobbler looked attentively atber. “ Well, you are to be pitied, certainly,” he said, “ and if I were notin such a hurry—” “ O, do go on, pray—were you going to say you could help me ? I have heard your people'are fond of curds and whey, and fresh gooseberry syllabub. Now, if you would help me, trust me that there should be the most beautiful curds and whey set everjr night for you on the hearth; and nobody should ever look when you went and came.” “Why, you see,” said the cobbler, hesitating, “my people are extremely particular about—in short, about clean liness, mistress ; and your houSfe is not what one would call very clean. No of fence, I hope?” Bella blushed deeply. “Well, but it should be always clean if you would— every day of my life I would wash the floor, and sand it, and the hearth should be whitewashed as white as snow, and the windows cleaned.” “ Well,” said the cobbler, seeming to consider, “ well then I .should not won der if I could meet with a one-eyed servant for you, like your neighbor’s; but it may be several days before I can ; and mind, mistress, I’m to have a dish of curds.” “ Yes, and some whipped cream, too,” replied Bella, full of joy. The cobbler then took up all his tools, wrapped them in his leather apron, walked behind the wall-flower, and disappeared. Bella was ho delighted she could not sleep that night for joy. Her liusbaud scarcely knew the house, she had made it so bright and clean ; and by niglu she had washed the curtain, cleaned the window, rubbed the fire-irons, sanded the floor, and set a great Jug of hawthorn in blossom on the hearth. The next morning-Bella kept a sharp lookout, both for the tiny cobbler ami on her neighbor’s house, to see whether she could possibly catch a glimse of theone-eyed servant. But, no —nothing could she see but her neigh borsitting on her rocking-chair, with her baby on her knee, working. At last, when she was quite tired she heard the voice of the cobbler outside. She ran to the door and cried out— j “ O do, pray, come in, sir, and look at my house!” “ Really,” said the cobbler, looking round, “I declare I should hardly have knowu it—the suu can shine brighly now through the clear glass ; and what a sweet smell of hawthorn.” “ Well, aud my one-eyed servant?” asked Bella—you remember, I hope, that I can’t pay her any wages—have you met with any one that will come?” “ All’s right,” replied the little man, nodding. “ I’ve got her with me.” “ Got her with you?” repeated Bella, looking round, “ I see nobody.” “ Look, here she is!” said thecobbler, holding up something in his hand. Would you believe it, the one-eyed servant was nothing but a Needle ! Heading Aloud. Hall's Journal of Health thinks this exercise is one that combines mental and muscular effort, and hence has a double advantage. To read aloud, well, a person should not only .understand the subject, but should hear,his own voice, and feel within him that every syllable was distinctly enunciated, while there is an instiuct presiding which modu lates the voice to the number and dis tance of the hearers. Every public speaker ought to be able to know whether he is distinctly heard by the' furthest listener in the room ; if he is not able to do so, it is from a want of proper judgment and observation. Beading aloud helps to develop the ungs just as singing does, if properly performed. The effect is to induce the drawing of a long breath every once in a while, oftener and deeper than that of reading without enunciating. The deep inhalations never fail to develop the capacity of the -lungs in direct propor tion to their practice. Common consumption begins uniform ly with imperfect, insufficient breath ing ; it is the characteristic of the dis ease that the breath becomes shorter and shorter tbrpugh weary months, down to the close of life, and whatever counteracts the short breathing, what ever promotes deeper inspirations is cu rative to that extent, inevitably and under all circumstances. Let any per son make the experimentby reading the page aloud, and in less than three min utes the instinct of along breath will show itself. This reading aloud devel opesaweak voiceaud makes it sonorous. It has great efficiency, also, in making the tones clear and distinct, freeing them from that annoying hoarseness which the unaccustomed reader exhibits before he has gone over half a page, when he has to stop aud clear away, to the confusionof himself asmuch as that of the subject. This loud reading, when properly done, has a great agency in inducing vocal power, on the same principle thut muscles are strengthened by exercise— those of voice-making organs being no exception to the general rule. Hence in many cuses, absolute silence dimin ishes the vocal power, just as the pro tracted non-use of the arm of the Hin doo devotee at length paralyzes it for ever. The general rule in appropriate cases is to read aloud in a conversational tone, twice a day, for a minute or two, or three at a time, increasing & minute every other day until half an hour is thus spent at a time, twice a day, which is to be continued until the - desired ob ject is accomplished. Managed thus, there is safety and efficiency as a uni form result. As a means, then, of health, of avert ing consumption, of being social and entertaining in any company, as a means of showing the quality of the mind, let reading aloud be considered an accomplishment far more indispen sable than that of smattering French, or lisping Italian, or dancing cotillions, gallopades, polkas and quadrilles. It is stated that a large majority of Con gress are opposed to the proposed measure for the equalization of bounties. It would require, according to an official statement, over $600,000,000, and four-fifths of the amount, it is claimed, would go to specula tors and claim agents, who have bought up soldiers’ certificates, 1 Swallowing an Oyster AHVe, At a late hour one night, the door of an oyster house in St. Louis was thrust open, and In stalkecLa hero from the Sucker State. He was quite six feet high, spare, somewhat stopped, with a hungry, anxious countenance, and his hands pushed clear down to the bottom of his breeches pockets. His outer cov ering was hard to define, but after sur veying it minutely, we came to the con clusion that his suit had been made in his boyhood, oT a dingy yellow linsey woolsey, and that, having sprouted up with astonishing rapidity, he had been forced to piece it out with all colors, in order to keep pace with his body. In spite of his exertions, however, he had fallen in arrears about a foot of the ne cessary length, and, consequently 9tuck that far through his inexpressibles.— His crop of hair wassurmounted by the funniest little seal skin cap imaginable. After taking a position, he indulged in a long stare at the man opening the biyalves, and slowly ejaculated—“ is ters!” “Yes, sir,” responded the attentive operator,—“ and fine ones they are too.” “ Well, I’ve heard of isters afore,” said he, “ but this is the fust time I’ve seed em, and perhaps I’ll know what they are madeof afore Igetoutof town.” Having expressed this desperate in tention, he cautiously approached the plate, and scrutinized the uncased shell fish with a gravity and interest which would have done honor to the most il lustrious searcher into the hidden mys teries of nature. At length he began to soliloquize on the difficulty of gettiug them out, aud how queer they looked when out. “ I never seed anything hold on so— takes an amazin site ofscrewin, boss, to get em out, and aiut they slick, and slip pery when they iloes)come? Smooth asan eel! I've a good mind to give that fel low lodgin’jist to realize the effect, as uncle Jess used to say about specula tion.” 11 Well, sir,” was the reply, with two bits, and you can have a dozen.” 11 Two bits !" exclaimed the Sucker, 11 that’s stickin’ it on rite strong, moss, for isters A dozen on em alnt nothin to a chicken, and there’s no gettin more’n a picayune a piece for them'. I’ve only realized l'orty-llve picayunes on my llrst venture to St. Louis. I'll tell you what, I’ll gin you two chickens fora dozen, If you'll conclude to deal.” A wag who wasstandingjby Indulging in a dozen, winked to the attendant to shell out, and the offer was accepted. “Now mind,” repeated the Sucker, “all fair-two chickens for a dozen—you’re a witness, mister, turning at the same time to ihe wag; none of your tricks, for I’ve heard that you city fellers are mity slip’ry coons.” The bargain being fairly understood, our Sucker prepared himself for the on set ; deliberatlely put off his seal skin, tutted up his sleeves, and, fork in hand, awaited the appearance of No. 1. It came—he saw—and quickly it was bolted ! A moment’s dreadful pause ensued. The wagdropped his knifeand fork with a look ofjmingled amazement aud horror—something akin to Shak spere’s Hamlet on seeing his daddy’s ghost—while he burst into theexclama tion. “ Swallowed alive, as I’m u Christian!” OurSuckerhero had opened his mouth with pleasure a moment before, but now it stood 'open. Fear—a horrid dread of he didn’t] know what —a consciousness that all wasn’t right, and ignorant of the extent of the wrong—the uncertainty of the moment was terrible. Urged to desperation he faltered out — " What on earth’s the row '!" “Did you swallow it alive?” inquired the wag. “1 swallowed it jest ns he gin it to me,” shouted the Sucker. “You're a dead man !” exclaimed his anxious friend, "the creature is alive, and will eat right through you,” added he in a most hopeless tone. “Get a pizen pump and pump it out!” screamed the Sucker in a frenzy, his eyeß fairly starting from their sockets. “O gracious what’ll I do!—lt's got hold of my innards already, and I'm dead as a chicken ! Do something for me, do—don’t let the infernal sea-toad eat me afore your eyes.” “ Why don’t you put some of this on it ?” inquired the wag, pointing to a bottle of strong pepper-sauce. The hint was enough—the Sucker, upon the instant, seized the bottle, and desperately wrenching out the cork, swallowed half the contents at a draught. He fairly squealed from its effects, and gasped and blowed, and pitched and twisted, as if it cours ing through him with electric effect, while at the same time his eyes ran a stream of tears. At length becoming a little composed, his waggish'advertiser approached, almost bursting with sup pressed laughter, aud inquired : " How are you now, old fellow,—did you kill it ?” “ Well, I did, boss—ugh, ugh o-o-o my iunrds. If that ister critter's dyin agouies didn't stir aruptionin me equal to a Bmall arthquake, then taint no use say, in it—it squirmed like a serpent, when that killin stuff touched it; bu’ —and here with a countenance made up of suppressed agony and present de termination, he paused to give force to his words, and slowly and deliberately remarked, “If you get two chickens from me for that live animal, I’m d—d! '-’ and Beizing his seal-skin he vanished. The noncy Moon, Why is the first month after marriage called the "honeymoon?” Doubtless on account of the sweet lunacy which controls the heads of the parties during that brief aud delightful period. What a pity that they should ever get quite rational again ! That sentimentality should give place to sentiment, senti ment to sense, love yield to logic, and fiction to fact till the happy pair are re duced from the Eden of romance to the Sahara of reality—from Heaven to earth —and perhaps a peg lower! Strange as it may seem, there have been couples who have quarreled in the first month of matrimony, and have got back to their astonished parents before the good mother had fairly got done weeping, (and rejoicing, too), at her daughter’s departure. Their “honey moon ” soured at the full of her thorn and become a moon of vinegar instead. Abad.omen, that! There was much sense and propriety in the text which the ancient olergymen chose for a wed ding sermon. It was taken from the Psalms of David, and read thus: “ And let there be peace, while the moon en dureth.” Another cold term is upon us. In the West yesterday, the weatherwas unusually severe. At Leavenwortn, .Kansas, yester day* the thermometer marked sixteen below zetro; at St. Louis ten above; at Cincinnati, zero. LANCASTER, PA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 21, 1866. . A Hundred Years Hence. How melancholy the contemplation when ono allots the mind to wander back through the dim vista of-by-gone days, a hundred years ago. But if this is melancholy, how unutterably so wheu we suffer the imagination to launch out in the mazy depths of the undiscovered future “a hundred years hence.” What solemn thoughts are suggested! Wnere will be the countless myriads who now throng the busy streets, and to whose ringing tread thesepavements nowecho a still Small voice, stealing up from the misty shades of the past, in hollow tones replies: As you ate now so once was I. as I am now so you must lie. ’ Yes, der aether we are fast traveling lafc bourne whence no trave " Soon will we have to b kindred, friends, loved onei u we cherish and hold dear jrrestrial ball and go down with our kindred past. Thf level all ranks. Pain raci : the rich man as well as thj gar, and then the palatial r< be exchanged for a darkenea x feet b3 r two of mother earth while the diadem flashing upon the brow of royalty, aud the gems blazing upon the breast of beauty, will be exchanged for no other ornament than the winding Bheet of death. Where, then, will be the haughty aris tocrat, with a chilling sueer, or the mighty potentate with whose name the world resounds, and at whose nod mil lions notice and obey? Ah, then the rich and the poor; the high and the low ; the kiug and the subject; the wily statesman and his silly dupes; the warrior and the vanquished; the plot, the counterplot and the victim,; the smiles of beauty and her frowus; alike the blushing maid and her sighing lov er; the bright birds now singing in the forests; and the sweet flowers now blooming in the valley,, will all have to share the fate of all things mortal, while “ Ulema Quieta ,” will be written high overali that remains of them “ a hundred years hence.” Then what matters our petty Btrifes and conten tions,our jealousies and heart burnings, our hopes and fears, our Joys and sor rows? What matters it when all is over that the polished tongue of slander, envy and jealousy now blight our fair hopes and blast our brightest prospects with poisonous mildew of their en venomed hearts? What matters the plot that now works our ruin and misery, or the pangs of unrequited love borne by the breaking, bleeding heart amid the taunts, the jeers and sculls of enemies, with no friendly bosom near whereon to lay the head aud And sympathy and comfort in the hour of grief and woe ? What matters it that we have trusted and been deceived ; that we have built up bright visions of hope but to see through tears of wo their brightness fadeaway? What matters it that clouds of grief now hover darkly over our path way, and that love, hope, friendship, joy aud happiness are all hidden from our longing vision by its leaden lining? “ It will be the same a hundred years beuce,” as, side by side, we lie down together in the cold and silent grave, with the wild winds chanting requiems through the branches of the cypress and weeping willows as they wave over the dull cold marble which taught by the sculptor’s hand to weep, will be the only mourner over our ashes “a hun dred years hence.” Couldn’t Keep Them All Night. A short distance from the city of Montgomery, in the State of Alabama, on one of the Btage roads running from that city, lived a jolly landlord by the name of Ford. In fair weather or foul, in hard times or soft, Ford would have his joke. It was a bitter, stormy night or rather morning, about two hours be foreday light,that he wasarousedfrom his slumbers by loud shouting and knockß at liis door. He turned out but sorely figainst his will, and demanded what was the matter. It as tar, and seeing no oue, he cried out: “ Who are you there?” “Burder, and Ynncy, and Elmore, from Montgomery,” was the answer, “on our way to attend court. We are benighted, and want to stay all night.’’ “ Very sorry I can’t accommodate you so far ; do anything to oblige you, but that's impossible.” The lawyers, for there were three of the smartest in the State, and all ready to drop down with fatigue, held a brief consultation, and then, as they could do no better, and were too tired to go another step, they asked: " Well, can't you stable our horses and give us chairs and a good fire until morning ?” " Oh, yes, gentlemen, can do that?” Our learned and legal friends were soon drying their wet clothes by a bright fire as they composed themselves the few remaining hours in their chair, dozing and nodding, and now and then swearing a word or two of impatience, as they waited till daylight did appear. The longest night has a morning, and at last the sun oame along and then in due time a good breakfast made its ap pearance ; and to the surprise of the lawyers who thought the house was crowded with guestß, none but them selves sat down to partake. “ Why, Ford, I thought your house was bo full you couldn’t give us a bed last night!” said Burder. “ I didn’t say so,” replied Ford. “You didn't? What in the name'of thunder did you say?” “ You asked me to let you stay here all night, and I said it would be impos sible for night was nigh unto two-thirds gone when you came. If you only wanted beds, why on earth didn’t you say so?” The lawyers had to give It up. Three of them on one side, and the landlord alone had beat them all. Beautiful. . At a Sabbath School anniversary in London, two little girls presented them selves to receive the prize, one of whom had recited one veree more than the other, both having learned several thou sand verses of Scripture. The gentle man who presided inquired: “ And could you not have learned one verse more, and thus have kept up with Martha?” “ Yes sir,” the blushing child replied ; “ but I loved Martha, and kept back on purpose." " And - was there any one of all the verses you have learned,” again inquir ed the president, “ that taught you this lesson ?” “There was, sir,” she answered, blushing still more deeply: “ ‘ln honor preferring one another.’ ” —Nine months ago Pithole City, Penn sylvania, consisted of two 1 houses. Now it supports a newspaper having a circulation of 3,000 copies, receives 60, OOOlettersmonth- ly, and sustains twelve hotels. artTusccllaueousi. Printing, Lithography, EngraTlng and Bookbinding in Pennsylvania. Compiled from the Census Heport. In 1860-Pennsylvania contained 267 printingestablishments, with an invest ted capital of $4,137,850, and a product of $6,022,877, This was more than double the product of any other State, except New York. In lithography we had 23 establishments, with a product of $386,- 300, which exceeded the return of any other State, and was nearly half the product of the whole Union. We had 12 type-foundries, with a product of $308,300 (part of which was for stereo typing), ranking second to New York. We had 72 engraving establishments, employing 242 persons, with a product valued at s322,4oo—ranking in this manufacture, also, second to New York. Our book-binding and blank-book es tablishments numbered 56, with a pro doct of $984,678 —exceeded only by that of New York. Our State shared in the remarkable progress in these pursuits which marked the period from 1850 to 1860—the number of printing establish ments having increased from 165 to 207, and their product in the-former year having been only $1,717,612. Nearly all of this was executed at Philadelphia and Pittsburg, and comparatively asmall amountinthelatter city—more than So,- 000,000 worth being produced by news paper offices, book-publishing houses, and job-offices in our city. The book printing of Pennsylvania was executed by 42 establishments, to the value of $2,377,400 —employing a capital of $2,- 19i,500and 816 hands. Sixty-seven job printing offices, having invested a capi tal of $589,600 and employing 739 hands, executed work valued at $1,084,225; and 158 newspaper establishments, with capitals amounting altogether to $l,- 356,750 aud 1,847 hands, printed news papers annually to the value of $2,561,- 252. Sixteen newspaperestablishments in Alleghany county (chiefly in Pitts burg) employed $248,400 capital aud 326 hands, aud printed newspapers to the value of $-538,103 annually. AVilliam Bradford, in 10S0, four years after the first English settlement was made in this city, erected the first printing-press in Pennsylvania, and this was the sec ond province in which this business was established. In that year he printed a small quarto tract, of which a copy is still extant, aud soon after " Leed’s Almanac," followed by other ephemeral aud controversial tracts on religious and political subjects. In con sequence of litigutiun with the authori ties, growing out uf some of his polemi cal publications, Bradford removed to New York in 1603, and established the first press in that province. His Phil adelphia office remained under the management of Jansen until 1712, when Andrew .S, Bradford, a son of William, assumed control, ami continued to be tlie principal or only printer In this city until 1723, when 8. Keimer, an English printer, commenced a rival es tablishment, aud employed among his workmen Benjamin Franklin, who in his autobiography has immortalized the peculiarities of his employer. In December, 1719, Andrew Brad ford commenced the publication of the Americdn Weekly Mercury , which was the third newspaper in the colonies. Magazines and other serials were at tempted by Dr. Franklin as early as 1741. The census report of 1810 return ed 108 printing offices in Pennsylvania, executing work to the value of $353,517. The number of offices in this city at that time was 51, aud the number of presses 153. They were supposed to print annually 500,000 volumes. A great impulse was given to the uook trade of the United States by,the annual fairs and trade sales. The former was suggested by Matthew Carey, who, in 1804, issued in Philadelphia the first quarto Bible printed from movable types in America, and the trade sales were planned by his son, Henry C. Carey, the distinguished political economist. The Public Ledger was the first press (manufactured by Kichard M. Hoe, of New York) which printed with revolv ing type. In 1818 Adam liamage, of Philadelphia, patented improvements of Ruthven’s Scotch press. The rollers for distributing ink on tjie types, pat ented in 1817 by Hugh Maxwell, of Lancaster, was a great improvement on the balls previously used for inking. It was computed to save each press six dollars per week, besides a gain in time and.quality of work. The Columbian press, a hand-press invented by George Clymer, of this State, was Introduced in England in 1818, and is still used there extensively. In style of finish and em blematic embellishment it exceeded anything before seen there. It was the first press constructed in America to print two sides of a newspaper at once, which it effected by a combination of levers. The first published specimen of Ameri can lithography iscontained in the-Ina clcctic Magazine for July, 1819, which was a few years subsequent to the in troduction of the art from Germany into England. It was executed upon Munich stone by Benjamin Otis, of Philadelphia, who had also executed lithographic engraving upon stone from a quarry near Dick’s river, Kentucky. The Becund regular lithographic estab lishment in the United States was com menced in this city in 1828, by Kennedy & Lucas, but failed for want of experi enced printers. John Pendleton, Kear ney & Childs commenced the business soon after, employing as draughtsmen Rembrandt Peale and Mr. Swett. The hook-binding and blank-book establishments in our State employed, in 1850,641 male and 1,474 female hands, paying annually $297,816 for labor, ami having a capital of $518,900. Andrew Bradford, one of our early printers, in 1718, and Benjamin Franklin, in 1729, established book-binderies here. In 1810, returns were made of 102 estab lishments In Pennsylvania, with a pro duct worthslo7,lB3. In 1840 only 4(1 es tablishments were reported. Marbled paper of superior quality has been made in this city for a number of years.— Bookbinder’s tools for producing the ornamental work were manufactured here more than 40 years ago, by David H. Mason, who took ont a patent in January, 1820, for ornamental rolls and stamps for book-binders, and in part nership with M. W. Baldwin* the emi nent locomotive builder, introduced many new designs. Benjamin Gaskill, who was established as a book-binder here previous to 1812, was one of the first to use hydraulic presses, and other machinery in bookbinding in this country Former Armies of the Unitell Stages. The largest army ever assembled at any one time during the revolution was that commanded by General Putnum, on Long Island. That numbered seven teen thousand men of all arms. The next largest was that with which Wash ington captured Cornwallis ut York town, when he had sixteen thousand. Our largest army assembled in 1812 was commanded by Jackson at New and counted but six thousand. Coming down to the Mexican army, Taylor won his victories with a force never exceed ing five thousand, and Scott’s largest force was not beyond eight thousand five hundred. The largest army prior to the rebellion was, therefore, that of Putnam, at Long Island—seventeen thousand men. Origin of Certain Habits. Many of the most pernicious habits were contracted originally for the sake of health. Wine and distilled liquors are taken to strengthen; tobacco, opium and hasheesh to relieve low spirits; card playing to amuse.'. But, too often, the persons who innocently aequire such habits, know not how to, limit the ex tent of the indulgence, Jor to abandon them entirely when found to be preju dicial. The dose of excitement must he increased ; habit exerts its sway • we are enclosed in its net, and happy is he who is able with resolute effort to ex tricate himself from It. Sheridan. We take the following graphic sketch of the brilliant Sheridan from the Paris correspondence of the New York £ve ning Post, in which it is quoted from M. Taine’s “ History of English Litera ture ; “Sheridan was au adroit, amiable, ‘ generous, successful adventurer. The stepping-stone to his success wasscanoal He ascended like a brilliaut meteor to the literary and political empyreau, ap parently taking his place among the constellations, and then, gleaming for an instant, exhausted himaeif and van ished. Xo obstacle opposed his progress ; he triumphed at once, seemiugly with out effort, like a prioce who securely throws himself in a crowd when all make way for him. Every enjoyment attendant on success, every brilliant artistic attribute, whatever society most prizes, belonged to him as if by birth right. Unknown, impoverished and autfering/'iljp translator of au unread able Greek sophist, wauderiug through the streets of Bath at twenty, in a red vest and three cornered hat, and never unconscious of empty pocket, he could yet win die heart of a beautiful woman, aud—a first class musician—bear her off in the face of rich, eiegantand titled ad mirers; fight with the most desperate, come off victor, and carry by storm the curiosity of a bewildered community.— Devoted after this to fame aud mouey, ne poured upon the stage in rapid suc cession pieces of the most diverse and popular character—comedy, farce, opera aud grave poetry ; purchasing and man aging an extensive .heatre without a sou, improvising success and a revenue, and capping the climax with la life of elegance, amid delightful family aud so cial relationships, to the astonishment and admiratiou of Everybody. “He aspired still higher and won power. He eutered the House of Com mons, and showed himself equal to the firstofils orators. He combatted Pitt, attacked Warren Hastings, supported Fox, rallied Burke, and sustained with eclat, disinterestedness and constancy the most liberal aud most dillieult of roles, becoming one umong three or four of the most remarkable men of England, the equal of peers, a friend of the Prince Royal, and, at length, an of ficial of the highest rank, as Receiver General of the Duchy of Cornwall and Treasurer of the Admiralty. He stood at the head of hJs career, no matter what it might be. ‘ Whatever Hheridau has done or chosen to do/ says Lord Byron, * has been>par excellence, always the best of his ldnd. He has written the best comedy, (School for Scandal,) the best drama (the Duenna,) the best farce, (the Critic,) and the best epistle, (Monody on Garrick,) and, to crown all, delivered the very best oratimV(the fa mous Begum speech) ever conceived or heard in the country.' “ All the ordinary rules of life were reversed for Sheridan. At forty years of age debts began to overwhelm him ; he hud drauk too much and supped too much; his cheeks grew purple and Ills nose grew red. In this beautiful plight he encounters within the Duke of Devonshire’s walls a charming young girl and is smitten. At the first sight of him she exclaims, * How ugly ; what a monster!’ He converses with her; she admits he is very ugly/but very entertaining. He converses with her a second and a third time, and she finds him exceedingly amiable. He converses with her again, and she loves him, and determines at all huzurds to marry him. The father, a prudent man, desires to forestall the project, and declares to his future son-lu-law that he must provide a dowry of fifteen thousand pounds; the fif teen thousand pounds appear as if by magic, and are deposited in thehaudsof a banker. The newly married couple de part for the country, and the father, meetiug his son, a firm, obstinate man, and ill disposed to thematch/persuades him that it is oue of the most reasona ble a father could expect, and the hap piest circumstance a brother could re joice over I Let the man and the cir cumstance be what they will, persuasion overcomes every thing. There is no such thing us resistance; all yield to the charm. What could be more difficult than for an ugly man to blind the eyes of a voung girl to his ugliness ! “One thing more difficult there is, and that is making a creditor insensible to indebtedness. There is something more difficult yet—to convert a credi tor's demand for money Into an offer to loan more. A friend of Sheridan Is ar rested for debt. He summons Mr. Hen- deraon, the crabbed financier, Sheridan coaxes hinp, interests him, softens him, inspires him; he overwhelms him with general considerations, and so eloquent ly that Mr. Hendersou tendered his purse, begging permission to lend him two hundred pounds more, and finally, to his grfeat delight, prevails on him to accept it. Never was such amiability and such facility in the obtaining of confidence! Rarely has such natural, genial, absorbing sympathy displayed itself more powerfully! It is literally seduction! Creditors and visitors thronged through his house daily, Sher idan would enter the room smiling and at ease, and demean himself so graci- ously, so cordially, that people forgot their claims, their uecessities, and seem ed to be there for no other purpose than to call on him. His inspiration was electric; his wit incomparably daz zling ; his fund of bon mots, his; inveu tion, his fertility of ideas, his! sallies were inexhaustible. Lord Byron, who was a good judge, says he never heard or imagined such extraordinary power of conversation. People passed entire nights listening to him. Nobody equalled him as a boon companion. Even when intoxicated his mind never failed him. Picked up one day in the street by a policeman, the latter de manded his name. 4 Wilberforce,’ he gravely replied. There was no coldness or formality to strangers or inferiors ; be had the rare frankness, that natural ex panßiveness which. In its generous self abandonment forbids the slightest sus picion of reserve. Lord Byron’s candid praise of him drew tears from his eyes, and he wept on recounting the miseries of poverty-stricken ambition. People do not want to bestow sympa thy and friendship on such natures, they immediately aoflf a suspicious, de fensive attitude; finding a man self surrendering, they In turn surrender themßelves up to him; expensiveness begets expensiveness. Sheridan's in tellect was a quick, sparkling, impetu ous instrument. The discharge of his teeming brain was like the rattle of musketry. 'He would maintain himself sole speaker unwearied until five o'clock in the morning, ever manifesting the same brilliancy, variety and incredible fertility. A man is bound to be on his guard against such talents for improvision, such tastes for self-expan sion, such love of pleasure. Life is not a fete, but a struggle with others and with oneself. We are ( obliged to think of the future, to question our powers, and to husband our resources. We can not live without commercial precaution and common-place calculation. If we sup too frequently we end in not being able to dine ; if our pockets have holes in them silver will not remain there— which is a trite remark. Debts accu mulated with Sheridan, and hisstomach oould no longer digest. He lost his place in Parliament and his, theatre in a conflagration. Officers Were in hot pur suit of him, the law tor a long time having had possession of his residence. Finally a bailiff arrests the dying man and proceeds to carry him from his bed in blankets, relaxing hiß hold only through fear of prosecution, the physi cian declaring that bis patient would die on the way. A newspaper excited the shame of noblemen who could abandon such a man to so miserable a fate, and they hastened to leave their cards at his door. The funeral was at tended by the King’s two brothers, by dukes, by counts, bv bishops, by the first men of England, who either bore or followed his body to the grave What a singular contrast is the summary of his llfe_and genius—lords attended his 3 lies, and bailiflfb were the minis of his death-bed 1” NUMBER 7. One Passenger More than was Registered. On Monday morning last, soon after i the mail-boat General Buell had left Louisville, Mr. Penniston, the clerk, happening back in the ladies’ cabin, saw a lady sitting solus and very closely vailed, and conscious that no such per son had registered their name upon the bookß, he sought the chambermaid and sent her on a voyage of inquiry. That feminine official speedily put herself iu communication with the vailed lady,as certained that her name was Mrs. Scott and that she was bound for this city, on a visit to some friends, and she was in a very short time furnished with a state room, with the privilege of occupying it alone, into which she retired. At the dinner hour it was noticed by Mr. Penniston, who did thesbouors of the table, that the above named lady did not make her appearauce, and it was also noticed that she was absent at the supper table, whereupon the Clerk sent the chambermaid to her room to ascertain the reason, who soon returned with the information that the lady felt very much fatigued, aud declined to join the passengers at that social meal. On the following morning she made her appearance in the ladies’ cabin with a face as pallid as a sheet, and with such an appearance of extreme illness as to attract the attention of the other lady passengers, together with the chamber maid, all of whom inquired the cause. Trembling with exhaustion, she pointed to her state-room, and then fell back in a lamting fit. The ladies rushed to the room, when they found in the lower berth a new-born infant, of which the sick lady had been delivered during the night; and that, too, all alone, without the assistance of any body, and so quietly that even the occupants of the adjoining room were unaware of it— which is a fact that would almost seem incredible. Of course, all the needful nourishment was afforded by the offi cers of the boat, aud the lady was soou recovered from her exhausted conditiou. At the suggestion of the lady passen gers, and with theconsent of the mother, the iulunt, which is of the female per suasion, was named Buella, in honor of the boat. Upon the arrival of the Gen eral Buell at our landing, (Japt. Phillips generously called a carriage and had Mrs. Scott and her Infant conveyed to St. John’s Hospital, where the twulu were put in charge of Sister Anthony, than whom no oue knows better how to provide and take care of them. The ■ lady passengers in that eventful trip i will no doubt long remember the “ one i passenger more than was registered.”— < Cincinnati Knquircr, B th inut. \ Attention I congress! A few days since iu Indianapolis, a negro got drunk—engaged in a row in a nlggerorous, kept by a tun colored wench —was killed by another nigger and lain out in a back room waiting burial. The rats, not having the fear of Howe, Thud !Steveils. Sumner, or the ghost of John Jlrown In their eyes mude a feast ou the child of Ham, and in Lhe languuge of the Indianapolis lltrald— When iho coroner arrived at the house, it was found that both eyes had boon eaten out by the rats, and the most of the flesh of the right side of the face gnawed otf, leaving the hones bare, thus intensifying the nat urally disgusting appearance of the corpse. We appeal to Congress! A sacred object has been molested by copperhead rats. And that, in Indlauupolis where the abolitionists had such*a majority in ]B<>4! Let the rats be destroyed! Let Sumner, Anna Dickinson Howe Stevens and other smaller dogs in the abolition kennel, bark. Let Congress appropriate nineteen thousand million dollars for rat terriers and a rat collector. Let the vermin be wiped-out before they have another meeting to rat-ify some other “man and brother” of African descent. Let the churches be draped in mourn ing—let those who will not hang out black rags or bunches ofwool.be mobbed and business given them to do no more forever. Let a vigorous law be passed against rats. Give the niggers United States bonds exempt fPom taxation and make the rats puy the interest! Here is au insult to Congress—to John Brown, and also to the late martyr. Perhaps the rats had orders to mutilate the body ala Booth, from Stanton. Let itbein quired iuto. Let a committee be ap pointed to go to Indianapolis to sit on rats—we mean the nigger, and let that committee have a train of cars, steam boat and stores at government expense. And let the mayor of that city be hung for allowing rats to dine from the flesh of one of our prosperous nation's figure heads. • Send Carl Shurz down there to report. Send Butler there toblow them up. Send Curtis there tosteal their cotton. Let the rats be destroyed, and then reconstructed, for here is disgrace most deep and damnable on the Amer ican people! Declare Indiana uuder mar tial law—for there is In that state so much “Disloyalty” that even rats have caught the infection, and like the present Congress, seem bound to dissect the nigger. Oh you wicked, impious rats—how dare you?— La Crosse Dem ocrat. The Alleged Attempt to Assassinate Sen- ator Wade. W. L. Fleming, the “ mysterious man in grey,” who figured so extensively in recent newspaper reports, as the alleged would-be assassin of Senator B. Wade, in Washington, iH out in a card, deny ing the whole statement of the Senator as an absurd story. He says that the interview he had with Mr. Wade was not for the purpose of getting his aid in securing a situation, but to see him about the discharge of civilians from navy-yards. The writer says he served honorably in the navy, and produces letters of recommendation from Sena tors Wilson and Wade, and oilier prom inent people. He claims to have been mixed up with Senator Wade in Kan sas affairs, in 1857, and to have been valuable to him, and declares that on the night of the alleged attempt to as sassinate, he was treated very cavalierly by the Senator, for the reason that Mr. Wade had heard reports that Fleming had divulged 11 certain things In regard to Kansas affairs prejudicial to the Senator,” to parties iu Massachusetts. In conclusion Fleming declares that he never saw a pistol, or noticed any of the dramatic incidents pictured in the newspaper accounts of the affair, and asserts that theonly knifehe (Fleming) hud wasa “ blunt affair "ofa jack knife, which he pulled out to cut off a chew of tobacco, which he took, saylngthat the “judge,” as he calls Mr. Wade, wusget ting “sulky,” and declares that if the Semftor had produced a pistol, under the circumstances described, it would have found its way out of the window, and had he attempted the kicking busi ness, he (tile Senator) would have fol lowed his weapon. In conclusion Fleming says: “lam a tolerably pa tient man generally, but, like most bard-fisted, able-bodied Yankee me chanics, should not stand kicking more than a week withoutgettingmy dander up. But there was no occasion for'any such deeds of valor on his part, and he certainly attempted nothing of the kind.” A Beautiful Idea. Among the Alleghanies there is a spring so small that a single ox could drain it dry on a summer’s day. It steals its unobtrusive way among the hills till it spreads out into the beautiful Ohio. Thenceitstretches away a thous and miles, leaving on its banks more than v a hundred villages and cities, and many thousand cultivated farms, aud bearing on its bosom more than a thous and steamboats. Then joining the Mississippi, it stretches away some twelve hundred miles or more, until it falls Into the great tributaries of the ocean, which, obedient only to God, shall roll and roar till the angel, with qne foot on sea and the other on land shall lift up his hand to heaven and swear that tlqje shall be no longer. It is a rivulet,'an ocean, boundless and fathomless as eternity. bates of ADVERTMIITO. Businas Advkbtibikehtu, 112 a year »r square of ten lines; ten per cent. In crease for fractions of ajrear. ■ . , . Biai Gxv ““ ApyxnTiarKG, 7 oents a line for tie nrat, and 4 m&U for each subsouuent Ithitt \ tlon. • Patent Hxdigxkxs and other adver’s by the column: . One column, 1 year t .~ .... .......1100 Half column, 1 year,,-,, 60 Third column, l 4O Quarter column, 90 Business Cards, of ten lines or less. one year, y year* 88 Carda » flv6 lines or iea£ one Leqaij and other Notices— * Executors’ Administrators’ notices Assignees’ notices,. Auditors’ notices,.... Other “Notices, ’ t€n'unea''or"iesa, three times, Liebig’s Method of Making Coffee. Baron Liebig, in the last number of the London Popular Science Review f gives the following account of his meth od of making coflee, by which, he Bays, the full flavor oi the berry is preserved: The usual quantities both of coffee and water are to be retaiued : a tin measure containing half an ounce of green berries, when tilled with roasted ones, is generally sutlieieut for two small cups of coffee of moderate strength, or one, so-called, large breakfast cup— one pound of green berries, equal to six teen ounces, yielding after roasting tweuty-iour tin measures of half ounce for iorty-eigln small cups of coffee. “ With three* fourths of the coffee to be employed, after being ground, the water is made to boil for ten or fifteen oue quarter of the coffee which has been kept back is then flung in, and the vessel immediately with drawn Irorn the lire, covered over, and allowed to staud lor live or six minutes. 11l order that the powder ou the surface may lull to the bottom itis stirred round, the deposit takes place, and the coflee poured oil is ready lor use. lu order to separate the dregs more completely the coflee may be passed through a clean cloth, but generally this is not uecessary, aud otten prejudicial to the pure flavor of the beverage. “ Abe first boiliug gives the strength, the second addition the flavor. The water does not dissolve of the aromatic substauces more than the fourth part contained in the roasted coffee. “The beverage when ready ought to be of a brown-black color; untrans parent it always is, somewhat like chocolate thinned with water; and this want of clearness in coffee so prepared does uot come from the ttno grounds, but from a peculiar fat resembling but ter, about twelve per cent, of which the berries contain, aud which, if over roasted, is partly destroyed. “In the other methods of making coffee, more than half of the valuable parts of the berries remains in the * grounds,’ and is lost." Liebig proceeds to discourse the cof fee drinking and coffee in general In this entertaining style: “To judge as favorably of my coffee ua I do myself, its taste is not to becorn pared with that of the ordinary bever age, but rather the good effects might be taken Into consideration which my coffee lias on the orgunism. Many per sons, too, who connect the idea of strength or consternation with a dark or black color, fancy my colleo to be thin and weak, but these were at once inclined more luvoi ably, directly I gave It a dark color by means of burned su gar, or by adding Home substitute. “The ruul flavor of coffee Is so little known to most persons that muny who drank my coll'ee tor the first timo doubted of Its goodnessj because It tasted of the berries. A colleo, however, which has not the flavor of the berry is no coffee, but uu artificial byvuruge, for which many other things may bo substituted at pleasure. Hence it comes that If to the decoction made from rousted chicory, carrots, or beet-root, the slightest quan tity ot codec be added, few persons de tect the difference. This uceouuts for the great diffusion of each such substi tute. A dark mixture, with an enipy reumatical tuste, most people fancy to be coffee. For tea there are no substi tutes, because everybody knowj9 what real tea is like. “Jieating qualities have, generally been attributed to coffee, aud for this reason it is avoided by many people j however, these heating qualities belong r to the volatileproducts called forth by the destruction of the soluble parts of the berries in the process of roasting. Coffee prepared iu my manuer is not heating, and 1 have found that it may be taken after diuner wilhout disturb ing the digestion, a circumstance which with me atleust ulyays takes place after the enjoyment ofstrongly-roasted coffee. “ For special cuses, such as Journeys and marches, where it is impossible to be burdened with the necessary ma chines for roasting and grinding, coffee may be carried in u powdered form, and its aromatic properties preserved by the following process: Oue pound of the roasted berries are reduced to powder and immediately wetted with a syrup of sugar, obtained by pouriug on three ounces of sugar two ounces of water, and letting them stand a few min utes. When the powder is thor oughly wetted with the syrup, two ounces of powdered sugar are to be added, mixed well with it, aud the whole is then to be spread out in the Air to dry. The sugar locks upon the volatile parts of the coffee, so that when it is dry they cannot escape. If coffee is now to be made, cold water is to be poured over a certain quantity of thie powder and made to boll. Ground cof fee prepared in this way, and which lay exposed to Lhe air for oue mouth, yield red, ou being boiled, as good a beverage as one made of freshly-roasted berries.’ 1 The l)eer Chase, Deer swim with great strength and buoyancy, and when hard pressed gen erally make for water, or as it in techni cally termed, “soil.” To determine the best direction in which to make casta for recovering the scent when lost at water, demands the greatest perfectloi* of the huntsman’s skill. Occasionally deer have been known to take to the sea. A stag leaped over a cliff near C'orscombe, a heightofsome three hundred and sixty feet, and was rO f course dashed to pieces, as were two or three hounds that followed him. On another occasion an old stag when hard pressed took to the Bristol channel, and swam boldly out to sea. He was ob served from a small vessel, and a boat was sentafter him. With much trouble he was secured, hoisted on board, and eventually taken to Cardiff, and sold. In some cases, where a boat has been found ut baud, the huntsmen have fol lowed, and secured the animals when exhausted by long struggling with the waves, by means of ropes thrown over the horns. The speed of the red deer Is very great, although the animals never appear to hurry ; it is said to equul that of the hare. Five Days’ Imprisonment Id a Ballroad Car. A train on the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago Itailroud, laden with dress ed hogs, which left Chicago on Friday morning of last week, arrived in this city on Tuesday evening. Upon open ing one of tlie cars a mun was found lying among thedead animals. He was in a filthy condition, and was almost dead, having eaten nothingforftvedaya. One of his feet was frozen, and he was unable to walk or even stand. He was taken out of the car and properly cared for. When he had recovered sufficient ly. he stated that he was a discharged soldier, and finding himself in Chicago without means, aud being anxious to reach New York, he visited the freight depot for the purpose of discovering what chance there was for a passage to New Y’ork. He was told that the car containing the hogs would go directly through in the shortest possible time, and seizing an opportunity to slip into the car unseen, ,he (lid so, and had not waited long until he heard (he door shoved forward and the lock fastened. Here he remained for five days and nights, without water or provisions.— He says that he did not eat any of the raw pork, as he became quite sick, and had no stomach for it. The employees of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company raised a handsome purse for him, and he was sent free over the road to Phila delphia. The Canadian people and press are greatly excited over the failure of the at tempt.to renew the reciprocity treaty. The government journals profess to be pleased, as It will lead to the consummation of th« confederation Boheme.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers